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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retreat_of_the_29th_Brigade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Retreat of the 29th Brigade</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retreat_of_the_29th_Brigade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Glosters_on_Hill_235" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Glosters_on_Hill_235"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>The Glosters on Hill 235</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Glosters_on_Hill_235-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aftermath subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Importance_of_the_battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Importance_of_the_battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Importance of the battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Importance_of_the_battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casualties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casualties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Casualties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Casualties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memorial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memorial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Memorial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memorial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Awards and citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Individual_awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>Individual awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unit_citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unit_citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.2</span> <span>Unit citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unit_citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colline_Gloster" title="Colline Gloster – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Colline Gloster" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A4%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%EC%A0%84%ED%88%AC" title="설마리 전투 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="설마리 전투" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80-%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Битва за Глостер-хилл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Битва за Глостер-хилл" data-language-autonym="Русский" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&params=37_56_33_N_126_56_21_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°56′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">126°56′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.94250°N 126.93917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.94250; 126.93917</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Major confrontation during the Chinese Spring Offensive of the Korean War</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the similarly named battle during the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasions_of_Korea_(1592%E2%80%931598)" title="Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)">Imjin War</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Imjin_River_(1592)" title="Battle of Imjin River (1592)">Battle of Imjin River (1592)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of the Imjin River</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Spring_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Spring Offensive">Chinese Spring Offensive</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Disabled_Centurion_tank_at_Imjin_(AWM_HOBJ2237).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Disabled_Centurion_tank_at_Imjin_%28AWM_HOBJ2237%29.jpg/300px-Disabled_Centurion_tank_at_Imjin_%28AWM_HOBJ2237%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Disabled_Centurion_tank_at_Imjin_%28AWM_HOBJ2237%29.jpg/450px-Disabled_Centurion_tank_at_Imjin_%28AWM_HOBJ2237%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Disabled_Centurion_tank_at_Imjin_%28AWM_HOBJ2237%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="478" /></a></span><br />Centurion tanks of the 8th Hussars disabled during the retreat of 29th Brigade on 25 April</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>22–25 April 1951</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Imjin_River" title="Imjin River">Imjin River</a>, Korea</div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&params=37_56_33_N_126_56_21_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°56′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">126°56′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.94250°N 126.93917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.94250; 126.93917</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <p>UN Victory </p> See <a href="#Aftermath">aftermath</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span data-sort-value="United Nations"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></span> </p> <ul><li><span data-sort-value="United Kingdom"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Belgium"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Luxembourg"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Philippines"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Philippines</a></span></li></ul> <span data-sort-value="South Korea"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/First_Republic_of_Korea" title="First Republic of Korea">South Korea</a></span></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span data-sort-value="China"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations"><img alt="United Nations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Ridgway" title="Matthew Ridgway">Matthew Ridgway</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brodie" title="Thomas Brodie">Thomas Brodie</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Crahay" title="Albert Crahay">Albert Crahay</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009125_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009125-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> Joseph Wagener<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Dionisio S. Ojeda<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009104_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009104-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/First_Republic_of_Korea" title="First Republic of Korea"><img alt="First Republic of Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kang_Mun-bong" title="Kang Mun-bong">Kang Mun-bong</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPaik1992138_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPaik1992138-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Peng_Dehuai" title="Peng Dehuai">Peng Dehuai</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yang_Dezhi" title="Yang Dezhi">Yang Dezhi</a><sup id="cite_ref-cmsa375_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmsa375-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Fu Chongbi<sup id="cite_ref-cmsa375_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmsa375-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Zeng Siyu<sup id="cite_ref-cmsa375_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmsa375-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Xiao Yingtang<sup id="cite_ref-cmsa375_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmsa375-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/29th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="29th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">29th Infantry Brigade</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Northumberland_Fusiliers" title="Royal Northumberland Fusiliers">1st Fusiliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Regiment" title="Gloucestershire Regiment">1st Glosters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Rifles" title="Royal Ulster Rifles">1st Ulster Rifles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_King%27s_Royal_Irish_Hussars" title="8th King's Royal Irish Hussars">8th King's Royal Irish Hussars</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/3rd_Ranger_Infantry_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Ranger Infantry Company">3rd Ranger Infantry Company</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_United_Nations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian United Nations Command">Belgian Volunteer Corps</a> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_United_Nations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian United Nations Command">Luxembourg Detachment</a></li></ul></li></ul> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Expeditionary_Forces_to_Korea#10th_Battalion_Combat_Team_(BCT)" title="Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea">10th Battalion Combat Team</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281949%E2%80%931984%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/1st_Infantry_Division_(South_Korea)" title="1st Infantry Division (South Korea)">1st Infantry Division</a><sup id="cite_ref-cmsa312_313_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmsa312_313-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001613_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001613-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 19th Army Group<sup id="cite_ref-cmsa312_313_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmsa312_313-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2009129_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2009129-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/63rd_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="63rd Army (People's Republic of China)">63rd Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/64th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="64th Army (People's Republic of China)">64th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="65th Army (People's Republic of China)">65th Army</a></li> <li>8th Artillery Division (People's Republic of China)</li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations"><img alt="United Nations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> Unknown </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 141 killed<br />1,169 wounded, missing or captured<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2009262_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2009262-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 12 killed</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> 5 killed</li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Around 20,000-30,000 (estimated)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillett2010434,_441Excerpt_reads:_"Despite_[a_low_estimate_of]_30,000_casualties,_most_of_them_in_the_19th_Army_Group_on_the_approaches_to_Seoul,_Peng_Dehuai_could_not_call_off_the_ill_considered_offensive_that_he_had_never_believed_would_be_successful."_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillett2010434,_441Excerpt_reads:_"Despite_[a_low_estimate_of]_30,000_casualties,_most_of_them_in_the_19th_Army_Group_on_the_approaches_to_Seoul,_Peng_Dehuai_could_not_call_off_the_ill_considered_offensive_that_he_had_never_believed_would_be_successful."-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px dotted #aaa;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;border:none"><div style="position:relative;width:220px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Battle of the Imjin River is located in South Korea"><img alt="Battle of the Imjin River is located in South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg/220px-South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg/330px-South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg/440px-South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1672" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:16.229%;left:32.522%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Battle of the Imjin River"><img alt="Battle of the Imjin River" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Korea_adm_location_map.svg" title="File:South Korea adm location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Location within South Korea</div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Korean_War" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Korean_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Korean War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Korean_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Korean War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Korean_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Korean War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Korean_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#The_drive_south_and_Pusan_(July–September_1950)" title="Korean War">North Korean offensive</a><br /><small>(25 June – 15 September 1950)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Pokpung" title="Operation Pokpung">Pokpung</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chuncheon" title="Battle of Chuncheon">Chuncheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorangpo" title="Battle of Gorangpo">Gorangpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kaesong%E2%80%93Munsan" title="Battle of Kaesong–Munsan">Kaesong–Munsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ongjin_Peninsula" title="Battle of Ongjin Peninsula">Ongjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uijeongbu_(1950)" title="Battle of Uijeongbu (1950)">Uijeongbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Seoul" title="First Battle of Seoul">1st Seoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suwon_Airfield" title="Battle of Suwon Airfield">Suwon Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Battle_of_South_Korea" title="Air Battle of South Korea">Air Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Andong" title="Battle of Andong">Andong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chumonchin_Chan" title="Battle of Chumonchin Chan">Chumonchin Chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osan" title="Battle of Osan">Osan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pyongtaek" title="Battle of Pyongtaek">Pyongtaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chonan" title="Battle of Chonan">Chonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chochiwon" title="Battle of Chochiwon">Chochiwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taejon" title="Battle of Taejon">Taejon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sangju_(1950)" title="Battle of Sangju (1950)">Sangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yongdong" title="Battle of Yongdong">Yongdong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hwanggan" title="Battle of Hwanggan">Hwanggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadong_Ambush" title="Hadong Ambush">Hadong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Notch" title="Battle of the Notch">Notch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pusan_Perimeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Pusan Perimeter"><b>Pusan Perimeter</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Masan" title="Battle of Masan">Masan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%27ohang-dong" title="Battle of P'ohang-dong">P'ohang-dong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taegu" title="Battle of Taegu">Taegu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Naktong_Bulge" title="First Battle of Naktong Bulge">1st Naktong Bulge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bowling_Alley" title="Battle of the Bowling Alley">Bowling Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Battle_Mountain" title="Battle of Battle Mountain">Battle Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kyongju" title="Battle of Kyongju">Kyongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haman" title="Battle of Haman">Haman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nam_River" title="Battle of Nam River">Nam River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ka-san" title="Battle of Ka-san">Ka-san</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabu-dong" title="Battle of Tabu-dong">Tabu-dong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yongsan" title="Battle of Yongsan">Yongsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Naktong_Bulge" title="Second Battle of Naktong Bulge">2nd Naktong Bulge</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Battle_of_Inchon_(September_1950)" title="Korean War">United Nations Command counteroffensive</a><br /><small>(15 September – 30 October 1950)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Inchon" title="Battle of Inchon"><b>Inchon</b></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pusan_Perimeter_offensive" title="Pusan Perimeter offensive">Pusan Perimeter offensive</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Seoul" title="Second Battle of Seoul">2nd Seoul</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/UN_September_1950_counteroffensive" class="mw-redirect" title="UN September 1950 counteroffensive">UN September 1950 counteroffensive</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_282" title="Battle of Hill 282">Hill 282</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/UN_offensive_into_North_Korea" title="UN offensive into North Korea">UN offensive into North Korea</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sariwon" title="Battle of Sariwon">Sariwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pyongyang_(1950)" title="Battle of Pyongyang (1950)">Pyongyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yongyu" title="Battle of Yongyu">Yongyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kujin" title="Battle of Kujin">Kujin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chongju_(1950)" title="Battle of Chongju (1950)">Chongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunchon_tunnel_massacre" title="Sunchon tunnel massacre">Sunchon tunnel</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#China_intervenes_(October–December_1950)" title="Korean War">Chinese Intervention</a><br /><small>(25 October 1950 – January 1951)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Onjong" title="Battle of Onjong">Onjong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Unsan" title="Battle of Unsan">Unsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pakchon" title="Battle of Pakchon">Pakchon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Phase_Offensive" title="Second Phase Offensive">Second Phase Offensive</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Ch%27ongch%27on_River" title="Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River"><b>Ch'ongch'on River</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wawon" title="Battle of Wawon">Wawon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chosin_Reservoir" title="Battle of Chosin Reservoir"><b>Chosin Reservoir</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_Faith" title="Task Force Faith">Task Force Faith</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_retreat_from_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="UN retreat from North Korea">UN retreat from North Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungnam_evacuation" title="Hungnam evacuation">Hungnam evacuation</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Seoul" title="Third Battle of Seoul">3rd Seoul</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uijeongbu_(1951)" title="Battle of Uijeongbu (1951)">Uijeongbu</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/First_and_Second_Battles_of_Wonju" class="mw-redirect" title="First and Second Battles of Wonju">1st and 2nd Wonju</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pohang_Operation" title="Pohang Operation">Pohang</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Fighting_around_the_38th_parallel_(January–June_1951)" title="Korean War">Fighting around the 38th parallel</a><br /><small>(January – June 1951)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chaegunghyon" title="Battle of Chaegunghyon">Happy Valley</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Thunderbolt_(1951)" title="Operation Thunderbolt (1951)">Thunderbolt</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Twin_Tunnels" title="Battle of the Twin Tunnels">Twin Tunnels</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Roundup_(1951)" title="Operation Roundup (1951)">Roundup</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hoengsong" title="Battle of Hoengsong">Hoengsong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chipyong-ni" title="Battle of Chipyong-ni">Chipyong-ni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Wonju" title="Third Battle of Wonju">3rd Wonju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chuam-ni" title="Battle of Chuam-ni">Chuam-ni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Wonsan" title="Blockade of Wonsan">Wonsan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Killer" title="Operation Killer">Killer</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ripper" title="Operation Ripper">4th Seoul (Operation Ripper)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maehwa-san" title="Battle of Maehwa-san">Maehwa-san</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Courageous" title="Operation Courageous">Courageous</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tomahawk" title="Operation Tomahawk">Tomahawk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rugged" title="Operation Rugged">Rugged</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dauntless" title="Operation Dauntless">Dauntless</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_spring_offensive" title="Chinese spring offensive"><b>Spring offensive</b></a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Imjin River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yultong" title="Battle of Yultong">Yultong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hwacheon" title="Battle of Hwacheon">Hwacheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kapyong" title="Battle of Kapyong">Kapyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Soyang_River" title="Battle of the Soyang River">Soyang River</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/UN_May%E2%80%93June_1951_counteroffensive" title="UN May–June 1951 counteroffensive">UN May–June 1951 counteroffensive</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Stalemate_(July_1951_–_July_1953)" title="Korean War">Stalemate</a><br /><small>(July 1951 – 27 July 1953)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bloody_Ridge" title="Battle of Bloody Ridge">Bloody Ridge</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Minden" title="Operation Minden">Minden</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Punchbowl" title="Battle of the Punchbowl">Punchbowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Heartbreak_Ridge" title="Battle of Heartbreak Ridge">Heartbreak Ridge</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Commando" title="Operation Commando">Commando</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Maryang-san" title="First Battle of Maryang-san">1st Maryang-san</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haktang-ni" title="Battle of Haktang-ni">Haktang-ni</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Polecharge" title="Operation Polecharge">Polecharge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Maryang-san" title="Second Battle of Maryang-san">2nd Maryang-san</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rat_Killer" title="Operation Rat Killer">Rat Killer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_Eerie" title="Battle of Hill Eerie">Hill Eerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Old_Baldy" title="Battle of Old Baldy">Old Baldy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Blaze" title="Operation Blaze">Blaze</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bunker_Hill_(1952)" title="Battle of Bunker Hill (1952)">Bunker Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Outpost_Kelly" title="Battle of Outpost Kelly">Outpost Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_White_Horse_Hill" title="Battle of White Horse Hill">White Horse Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arrowhead_Hill" title="Battle of Arrowhead Hill">Arrowhead Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Triangle_Hill" title="Battle of Triangle Hill">Triangle Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jackson_Heights" title="Battle of Jackson Heights">Jackson Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Noris" title="Battle of the Noris">Noris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Hook" title="First Battle of the Hook">1st Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Hook" title="Second Battle of the Hook">2nd Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chatkol" title="Battle of Chatkol">Chatkol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_for_Outpost_Vegas" title="Battle for Outpost Vegas">Outpost Vegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pork_Chop_Hill" title="Battle of Pork Chop Hill">Pork Chop Hill</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Little_Switch" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Little Switch">Little Switch</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nevada_Complex" title="Battle of the Nevada Complex">Nevada Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_the_Hook" title="Third Battle of the Hook">3rd Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outpost_Harry" title="Outpost Harry">Outpost Harry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kumsong" title="Battle of Kumsong">Kumsong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Berlin_Outposts_and_Boulder_City" title="Battle of the Berlin Outposts and Boulder City">Berlin Outposts and Boulder City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Samichon_River" title="Battle of the Samichon River">Samichon River</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Korean_Armistice_Agreement" title="Korean Armistice Agreement">Korean Armistice Agreement</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Big_Switch" title="Operation Big Switch">Big Switch</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panmunjom_Declaration" title="Panmunjom Declaration">Panmunjom Declaration</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Aerial_warfare" title="Korean War">Air operations</a><br /><small>(1950 – 1953)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Battle_of_South_Korea" title="Air Battle of South Korea">Air Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiG_Alley" title="MiG Alley">MiG Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sunchon_(air)" title="Battle of Sunchon (air)">Sunchon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Strangle_(Korean_War)" title="Operation Strangle (Korean War)">Strangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_Sui-ho_Dam" title="Attack on the Sui-ho Dam">Sui-ho Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_North_Korea" title="Bombing of North Korea">Bombing of North Korea 1950–1953</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Naval_warfare" title="Korean War">Naval operations</a><br /><small>(1950 – 1953)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Naval_engagements_of_the_Korean_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Naval engagements of the Korean War"><span class="wrap">Naval engagements of the Korean War</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><i>For further information, see also:</i><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Korean_War" title="Template:Korean War"><span class="wrap">Korean War (template)</span></a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Battle of the Imjin River</b> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">Labanan sa Ilog Imjin</i>), also known as the <b>Battle of Solma-ri</b> (<a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>: <span lang="ko">설마리 전투</span>) or <b>Battle of Gloster Hill</b> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">글로스터 고지 전투</span></span>) in <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, or as <b>Battle of Xuemali</b> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">雪马里战斗</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Xuě Mǎ Lǐ Zhàn Dòu</span></i>) in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, took place 22–25 April 1951 during the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>. Troops from the Chinese <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Volunteer_Army" title="People's Volunteer Army">People's Volunteer Army</a> (PVA) attacked <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Command" title="United Nations Command">United Nations Command</a> (UN) positions on the lower <a href="/wiki/Imjin_River" title="Imjin River">Imjin River</a> in an attempt to achieve a breakthrough and recapture the South Korean capital <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>. The attack was part of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Spring_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Spring Offensive">Chinese Spring Offensive</a>, the aim of which was to regain the initiative on the battlefield after a series of successful UN counter-offensives in January–March 1951 had allowed UN forces to establish themselves beyond the <a href="/wiki/38th_parallel_north" title="38th parallel north">38th Parallel</a> at the <i>Kansas Line</i>. </p><p>The section of the UN line where the battle took place was defended primarily by <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British forces</a> of the <a href="/wiki/29th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="29th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">29th Infantry Brigade</a>, consisting of three British and one Belgian <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalions</a> (<a href="/wiki/Belgian_United_Nations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian United Nations Command">Belgian United Nations Command</a>) supported by <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a>. Despite facing a greatly numerically superior enemy, the brigade held its general positions for three days. When the units of the 29th Infantry Brigade were ultimately forced to fall back, their actions in the Battle of the Imjin River together with those of other UN forces, for example in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kapyong" title="Battle of Kapyong">Battle of Kapyong</a>, had blunted the impetus of the PVA offensive and allowed UN forces to retreat to prepared defensive positions north of Seoul, where the PVA were halted. It is often known as the "Battle that saved Seoul."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Though minor in scale, the battle's ferocity caught the imagination of the world",<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> especially the fate of the 1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Regiment" title="Gloucestershire Regiment">The Gloucestershire Regiment</a>, which was outnumbered and eventually surrounded by Chinese forces on Hill 235, a feature that became known as <a href="/wiki/Gloster_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloster Hill">Gloster Hill</a>. The stand of the Gloucestershire battalion, together with other actions of the 29th Brigade in the Battle of the Imjin River, has become an important part of British military history and tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFehrenbach2001304_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFehrenbach2001304-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the Soviet-backed North Korean invasion of South Korea on 25 June 1950, a UN <a href="/wiki/UN_offensive_into_North_Korea" title="UN offensive into North Korea">counter-offensive</a> had reached the North Korean border with China. On the premise of fearing for its own security, China committed troops it had already moved to the border and began three offensives between 3 November 1950 and 24 January 1951 which <a href="/wiki/UN_retreat_from_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="UN retreat from North Korea">pushed the UN forces south</a> of the original border between North and South Korea along the 38th Parallel and captured Seoul. A fourth offensive in mid-February was blunted by UN forces in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chipyong-ni" title="Battle of Chipyong-ni">Battle of Chipyong-ni</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Wonju" title="Third Battle of Wonju">Third Battle of Wonju</a>. At the end of February the UN launched a series of offensive operations, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Ripper" title="Operation Ripper">recapturing Seoul</a> on 15 March and pushing the front line back northwards. In early April <a href="/wiki/Operation_Rugged" title="Operation Rugged">Operation Rugged</a> established the front in a line that followed the lower Imjin river, then eastwards to the <a href="/wiki/Hwacheon_County" title="Hwacheon County">Hwacheon Reservoir</a> and on to the <a href="/wiki/Yangyang" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangyang">Yangyang</a> area on the east coast, known as the <i>Kansas Line</i>. The subsequent <a href="/wiki/Operation_Dauntless" title="Operation Dauntless">Operation Dauntless</a> pushed out a salient between the Imjin river as it dog-legged north and the Hwacheon Reservoir, known as the <i>Utah Line</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon201015,_43,_46,_53–59,_68–69,_109–110,_113,_127–128_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon201015,_43,_46,_53–59,_68–69,_109–110,_113,_127–128-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UN_Forces">UN Forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: UN Forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Korea_during_Communist_Spring_Offensive_1951.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Central_Korea_during_Communist_Spring_Offensive_1951.jpg/200px-Central_Korea_during_Communist_Spring_Offensive_1951.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Central_Korea_during_Communist_Spring_Offensive_1951.jpg/300px-Central_Korea_during_Communist_Spring_Offensive_1951.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Central_Korea_during_Communist_Spring_Offensive_1951.jpg/400px-Central_Korea_during_Communist_Spring_Offensive_1951.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7415" data-file-height="5728" /></a><figcaption>The deployment of UN forces during the initial stages of the Spring Offensive. Note the importance of 29th Brigade's position for stopping a direct advance on Seoul.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 22 April the front line in the west along Lines <i>Kansas</i> and <i>Utah</i> was held by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> (US) <a href="/wiki/I_Corps_(United_States)" title="I Corps (United States)">I Corps</a> comprising, from west to east, the South Korean <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Army" title="Republic of Korea Army">Republic of Korea Army</a> (ROK) <a href="/wiki/1st_Infantry_Division_(South_Korea)" title="1st Infantry Division (South Korea)">1st Division</a>, the US <a href="/wiki/3rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="3rd Infantry Division (United States)">3rd Division</a> with the attached <a href="/wiki/29th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="29th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">British 29th Brigade</a>, the US <a href="/wiki/25th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="25th Infantry Division (United States)">25th Division</a> with the attached <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Brigade" title="Turkish Brigade">Turkish Brigade</a> and the US <a href="/wiki/24th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="24th Infantry Division (United States)">24th Division</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990354_Map_29_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990354_Map_29-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987250_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987250-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 29th Infantry Brigade, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">Brigadier</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brodie" title="Thomas Brodie">Tom Brodie</a>, consisted of the 1st Battalion <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Regiment" title="Gloucestershire Regiment">Gloucestershire Regiment</a> (Glosters), under <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-Colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-Colonel">Lieutenant-Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Carne" title="James Carne">James P. Carne</a>; the 1st Battalion <a href="/wiki/Royal_Northumberland_Fusiliers" title="Royal Northumberland Fusiliers">Royal Northumberland Fusiliers</a> (Fusiliers), under Lieutenant-Colonel Kingsley Foster; the 1st Battalion <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Rifles" title="Royal Ulster Rifles">Royal Ulster Rifles</a> (Rifles), under the temporary command of <a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a> Gerald Rickord; and the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_United_Nations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian United Nations Command">Belgian Battalion</a>, under Lieutenant-Colonel <a href="/wiki/Albert_Crahay" title="Albert Crahay">Albert Crahay</a> (700 men), to which Luxembourg's contribution to the UN forces was attached.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010118_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010118-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The brigade was supported by the <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_QF_25_pounder" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordnance QF 25 pounder">25 pounders</a> of 45 Field Regiment <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> (RA) commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel MT Young, the <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_ML_4.2_inch_Mortar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordnance ML 4.2 inch Mortar">4.2 inch mortars</a> of 170 Independent Mortar Battery RA, the <a href="/wiki/Centurion_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Centurion tank">Centurion tanks</a> of C <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(army)" title="Squadron (army)">Squadron</a> <a href="/wiki/8th_King%27s_Royal_Irish_Hussars" title="8th King's Royal Irish Hussars">8th King's Royal Irish Hussars</a> under the command of Major Henry Huth, and by 55 Squadron <a href="/wiki/Royal_Engineers" title="Royal Engineers">Royal Engineers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_&_326_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_&_326-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The four battalions of 29th Brigade covered a front of 12 miles (19 km).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gaps between units had to be accepted because there was no possibility of forming a continuous line with the forces available. "Brigadier Brodie determined to deploy his men in separate unit positions, centred upon key hill features"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the left flank, the Glosters were guarding a ford over the Imjin 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the ROK 1st Division; the Fusiliers were deployed near the centre, around 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of the Glosters; the Belgians, occupying a feature called Hill 194 on the right, were the only element of the 29th Brigade north of the river. Their connection with the rest of the brigade depended on two <a href="/wiki/Pontoon_bridge" title="Pontoon bridge">pontoon bridges</a> about 0.5 miles (0.8 km) apart. These bridges connected the Belgians with Route 11, the 29th Brigade's main line of supply and communication. The Rifles served as the brigade's reserve and were deployed along Route 11.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990385–86_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990385–86-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extensive defensive preparations were not completed because the British expected to hold the position for only a short time. Neither <a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">minefields</a>, deeply dug shelters nor extensive <a href="/wiki/Wire_obstacle" title="Wire obstacle">wire obstacles</a> had been constructed. The British position on the Imjin river "was deemed safe" but vulnerable in case of an attack.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987253_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987253-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chinese_forces">Chinese forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chinese forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Chinese_Spring_Offensive_Korea_April_1951.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/The_Chinese_Spring_Offensive_Korea_April_1951.jpg/200px-The_Chinese_Spring_Offensive_Korea_April_1951.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/The_Chinese_Spring_Offensive_Korea_April_1951.jpg/300px-The_Chinese_Spring_Offensive_Korea_April_1951.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/The_Chinese_Spring_Offensive_Korea_April_1951.jpg/400px-The_Chinese_Spring_Offensive_Korea_April_1951.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4609" data-file-height="3614" /></a><figcaption>Chinese Spring Offensive, April 1951</figcaption></figure> <p>The commander-in-chief of the PVA and <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korean</a> <a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army" title="Korean People's Army">Korean People's Army</a> (KPA) forces in the Field, <a href="/wiki/Marshal" title="Marshal">Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Peng_Dehuai" title="Peng Dehuai">Peng Dehuai</a>, planned to "wipe out...the American 3rd Division...the British 29th Brigade and the 1st Division of the Republic of Korean Army...after this we can wipe out the American 24th Division and 25th Division", and promised the capture of Seoul as a <a href="/wiki/May_Day" title="May Day">May Day</a> gift to <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>. To achieve the objective Peng planned to converge on Seoul with three PVA <a href="/wiki/Army_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group">army groups</a> and a KPA corps; a total strength of some 305,000 men.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990379_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990379-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon20101289_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon20101289-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The III and IX Army Groups were to attack the right flank of the US 3rd Division and the 24th and 25th Divisions on the <i>Utah Line</i>, east of the Imjin where it turned north. The XIX Army Group on the PVA right flank, west of the Imjin river where it turned north, were to attack the remainder of the 3rd Division and the ROK 1st Division. On the XIX Army Group front, the KPA <a href="/wiki/I_Corps_(North_Korea)" title="I Corps (North Korea)">I Corps</a> and PVA <a href="/wiki/64th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="64th Army (People's Republic of China)">64th Army</a> would attack the ROK 1st Division, while the <a href="/wiki/63rd_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="63rd Army (People's Republic of China)">63rd Army</a> would attack on their left, pitting it against 29th Brigade. The 63rd Army comprised three divisions, the <a href="/wiki/187th_Armed_Police_Mobile_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="187th Armed Police Mobile Division (People's Republic of China)">187th</a>, <a href="/wiki/188th_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="188th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">188th</a> and <a href="/wiki/189th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="189th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">189th</a>, with each division comprising three regiments, each of which comprised three battalions. Some 27,000 men in 27 battalions would be attacking 29th Brigade's four battalions, albeit in echelon, one division after the other.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990379_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990379-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010129_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010129-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_first_night">The first night</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The first night"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The battle opened on the night of 22 April 1951. A PVA patrol on the north bank of the river moved around the Belgians on Hill 194 and continued to advance east towards the two bridges on which the Belgians depended.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990386–87_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990386–87-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elements of the 29th Brigade's reserve, the 1st RUR, were deployed forward at about 22:00 to secure the crossing but were soon engaged by PVA forces trying to cross the river. The Royal Ulster Rifles were unable to secure the bridges.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996326_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996326-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This development meant that the Belgian battalion on the north bank of the river was in danger of being isolated from the rest of the 29th Brigade. </p><p>PVA forces following the initial patrol either attacked the Belgian positions on Hill 194 or continued their advance towards the bridges. Those who were able to cross the Imjin attacked the Fusiliers' right rear company, Z <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">Company</a>, on Hill 257, a position close to the river and almost directly south of the crossings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990387_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990387-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further downstream, PVA forces managed to ford the Imjin and attacked the Fusiliers' left forward company, X Company, on Hill 152. The retreat of X Company from Hill 152 had serious consequences for Y Company, which occupied the right forward position of what can be described as a squarish fusilier position marked out by four widely spaced company perimeters at the corners.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990387_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990387-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Y Company was not attacked directly, PVA forces threatened its flanks by forcing Z and X Companies from their positions. After unsuccessful British attempts to regain those lost positions on Hill 257 and 194, Y Company's position was abandoned, the retreat being covered by C Squadron, 8th Hussars.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996326_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996326-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the left of the brigade's line, a patrol of 17 men from the Glosters' C Company lying in wait on the river bank repulsed three attempts by a battalion of the 559th Regiment, 187th Division to cross the river, eventually retiring without loss when their ammunition ran low and assaulting troops finally gained the opposite bank.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990388_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990388-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon20101–6_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon20101–6-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the night the Glosters' A and D Companies were attacked, and by 07:30 A Company, outnumbered six to one, had been forced from its position on Castle Hill. An attempt to retake it failed, during which Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Philip_Curtis" title="Philip Curtis">Philip Curtis</a> single-handedly destroyed a PVA machine-gun position with a grenade but was himself killed by a burst of machine-gun fire in the process. He was posthumously awarded the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010151–155_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010151–155-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256–57_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256–57-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Glosters'_withdrawal_to_Hill_235"><span id="The_Glosters.27_withdrawal_to_Hill_235"></span>The Glosters' withdrawal to Hill 235</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Glosters' withdrawal to Hill 235"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 23 April, attempts by the Fusiliers and forces from the US 3rd Infantry Division's reserve to regain control of areas lost during the night failed. An attack by the US 1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/7th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="7th Infantry Regiment (United States)">7th Infantry</a>, on enemy forces near Hill 257 was ordered to support the Belgian withdrawal from the north bank of the Imjin River. Despite losing seven vehicles, the Belgian Battalion successfully withdrew to the east and took up new positions south of the Glosters and the Fusiliers before moving to the vicinity of the 29th Brigade's command post.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987258_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987258-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19512_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19512-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloster_Hill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Gloster_Hill.jpg/220px-Gloster_Hill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Gloster_Hill.jpg/330px-Gloster_Hill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Gloster_Hill.jpg/440px-Gloster_Hill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="559" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gloster_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloster Hill">Gloster Hill</a> five weeks after the battle</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chaffees_at_Masan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Chaffees_at_Masan.jpg/220px-Chaffees_at_Masan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Chaffees_at_Masan.jpg/330px-Chaffees_at_Masan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Chaffees_at_Masan.jpg/440px-Chaffees_at_Masan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="454" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">M24 Chaffee</a> light tanks in Korea.</figcaption></figure> <p>At around 20:30 on 23 April, the Glosters' A Company, now at less than half strength and with all officers killed or wounded, fell back to Hill 235. The withdrawal left D Company's position exposed, and with one of its platoons badly mauled in the overnight fighting, it too withdrew to the hill.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010155–157_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010155–157-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> B Company had not been pressed during the night, but the withdrawal of D Company on their left and the Fusiliers on their right left them exposed, and they were withdrawn to Hill 316, 800 yards (730 m) east of C Company.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010166_&_168_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010166_&_168-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the night of 23/24 April, the Glosters' B Company, outnumbered 18:1, endured six assaults, calling in artillery on their own position to break up the last of them. Low on ammunition and having taken many casualties, the seventh assault at 08:10 forced them to abandon their position, and just 20 survivors made it to Hill 235, to which battalion HQ, the Support Company and C Company had already withdrawn.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010176–184_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010176–184-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As B Company fought for its life, the PVA 188th Division crossed the Imjin and attacked the Fusiliers and the Royal Ulster Rifles on the right of the brigade's line. The 187th Division also engaged the brigade's battalions on the right, while the 189th Division kept up the pressure on the left.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most dangerous for the integrity of the 29th Brigade was the deep penetration of the line between the Glosters and the Fusiliers which had cut off the former. To counter the PVA attack and protect the Glosters from being completely surrounded, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippine</a> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Expeditionary_Forces_to_Korea" title="Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea">10th Battalion Combat Team</a> (BCT) was temporarily attached to the 29th Brigade. A combined force of <a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">M24</a> tanks of the 10th BCT and <a href="/wiki/Centurion_(tank)" title="Centurion (tank)">Centurions</a> of the 8th Hussars supported by infantry reached a point 2,000 yards (1,800 m) from Hill 235 on 24 April. However, the column failed to make contact as the lead tank was hit by PVA fire and knocked out, blocking the route and making any further advance against heavy resistance impossible. At this point, according to an official American narrative of operations, "the brigade commander considered it unwise to continue the effort to relieve the Gloucester Battalion and withdrew the relief force".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987260_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987260-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19512_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19512-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Glosters were not alone on Hill 235. Throughout the battle, they were supported by the men of C Troop 170th Mortar Battery, Royal Artillery. As with The Glosters, C Troop lost men and fought to the end. Those who survived were taken prisoner with the Glosters and marched North. </p><p>The Presidential Citation presented to all who fought on Hill 235 included the brave men of C Troop 170th Mortar Battery. Whilst the Glorious Glosters are rightly named so, it must not be forgotten, that the men of C Troop 170th Mortar Battery RA fought side by side with them. The Presidential Citation was awarded for Esprit de Corps: Glosters & 170th Mortar Battery together All brave men together. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Retreat_of_the_29th_Brigade">Retreat of the 29th Brigade</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Retreat of the 29th Brigade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_British_29th_Brigade_Sector_during_the_Battle_of_the_Imjin_River,_25_April_1951.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/The_British_29th_Brigade_Sector_during_the_Battle_of_the_Imjin_River%2C_25_April_1951.jpg/220px-The_British_29th_Brigade_Sector_during_the_Battle_of_the_Imjin_River%2C_25_April_1951.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/The_British_29th_Brigade_Sector_during_the_Battle_of_the_Imjin_River%2C_25_April_1951.jpg/330px-The_British_29th_Brigade_Sector_during_the_Battle_of_the_Imjin_River%2C_25_April_1951.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/The_British_29th_Brigade_Sector_during_the_Battle_of_the_Imjin_River%2C_25_April_1951.jpg/440px-The_British_29th_Brigade_Sector_during_the_Battle_of_the_Imjin_River%2C_25_April_1951.jpg 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="579" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the situation at 09:00, 25 April: The Glosters are isolated on Hill 235 near Solma-ri, west of Route 5Y. The brigade's main line of retreat is Route 11. The Belgian battalion occupies blocking positions near the brigade's command post, while RNF, RUR and 8th Hussars are still further north. Additional support is provided by elements of the U.S. 65th Infantry. Note also the escape route of the Glosters' D Company.</figcaption></figure> <p>Continued PVA pressure on the UN forces along the Imjin prevented a planned attack by the US 1st and 3rd Battalions, <a href="/wiki/65th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="65th Infantry Regiment (United States)">65th Infantry</a>, to relieve the Glosters. When two further attempts by a tank troop to link up with the Glosters failed, Brodie left the decision to Carne whether to attempt a break-out or surrender. No further attempts to relieve the Glosters were undertaken because, at 08:00 on 25 April, US <a href="/wiki/I_Corps_(United_States)" title="I Corps (United States)">I Corps</a> issued the order to execute Plan Golden A, which called for a withdrawal of all forces to a new defensive position further south.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987268_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987268-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In accordance with orders issued by I Corps, the Fusiliers, Rifles and Belgians, supported by the tanks of the 8th Hussars and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Engineers" title="Royal Engineers">Royal Engineers</a> of 55 Squadron, withdrew to the safety of the next UN position. The Belgians occupied blocking positions west and southwest of the 29th Brigade's command post in order to allow the other units of the brigade to fall back through the battalion's positions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The withdrawal under intense enemy pressure was made even more difficult by the fact that PVA forces dominated parts of the high ground along the line of retreat; they were able not only to observe any movements by the 29th Brigade, but also to inflict heavy casualties on the retreating units. Among those killed was the commanding officer of the Fusiliers, Lieutenant-Colonel Foster, who died when his jeep was hit by PVA <a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">mortar</a> fire. In the words of Major Henry Huth of the 8th Hussars, the retreat was "one long bloody ambush".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987264_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987264-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When B Company of the Ulsters, which had acted as rearguard during the retreat, reached the safety of the next UN line, all elements of the 29th Brigade except for the Glosters had completed the withdrawal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327–28_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327–28-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987263–67_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987263–67-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Glosters_on_Hill_235">The Glosters on Hill 235</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: The Glosters on Hill 235"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Glosters' situation on Hill 235 made it impossible for them to join the rest of the 29th Brigade after it had received the order to retreat. Even before the failed attempts to relieve the battalion on 24 April, B and C Companies had already suffered such heavy casualties that they were merged to form one company. Attempts to supply the battalion by air drop were unsuccessful.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite their difficult situation, the Glosters held their positions on Hill 235 throughout 24 April and the night of 24/25 April. In the morning of 25 April, 45 Field Regiment could no longer provide artillery support. Since Brodie had left the final decision to Carne, the Glosters' CO "gave the order to his company commanders to make for the British lines as best as they could" on the morning of 25 April.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987268_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987268-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only the remains of D Company, under the command of Major Mike Harvey, reached the UN lines after several days. The rest of the battalion surrendered and 459 of them were taken prisoner, including Carne.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259,_267–69_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259,_267–69-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Importance_of_the_battle">Importance of the battle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Importance of the battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Had the PVA achieved a breakthrough in the initial stages of their assault, they would have been able to outflank the ROK 1st Division to the west and the US 3rd Infantry Division to the east of the 29th Brigade. Such a development would have threatened the stability of the UN line and increased the likelihood of success for a PVA advance on Seoul. Although the PVA benefited from the brigade's scattered deployment and lack of defensive preparations, they were nevertheless unable to take the positions before UN forces could check further advances. In three days of fighting, the determined resistance of the 29th Brigade severely disrupted the PVA offensive, causing it to lose momentum, and allowed UN forces in the area to withdraw to the <i>No-Name Line</i>, a defensive position north of Seoul, where the PVA/KPA were halted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECatchpole2000133–134_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECatchpole2000133–134-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1995152–153_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1995152–153-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding2011_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding2011-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITESHORT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITESHORT"><span title="More information is required to link this short citation to its long citation. (November 2021)">incomplete short citation</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title=" (March 2013)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The scope and the outcome of the Imjin River engagement have been subjected to several interpretations according to different historiography traditions. According to official Chinese history, the elimination of the 1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Regiment" title="Gloucestershire Regiment">Gloucestershire Regiment</a> by the Chinese 63rd Army is considered to be an important victory, although the failure of the 64th and the 65th Army to eliminate the entire British <a href="/wiki/29th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="29th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">29th Independent Infantry Brigade</a> and capture Seoul due to the defense of ROK <a href="/wiki/1st_Infantry_Division_(South_Korea)" title="1st Infantry Division (South Korea)">1st Infantry Division</a> was a serious setback. On the other hand, the South Korean contributions to the Imjin River battle are only recorded in sparse detail by the official South Korean history, but historian Allan R. Millet has argued that the ROK 1st Infantry Division's performance in battle demonstrated the potential of South Korean armed forces, in the wake of serious failures during the period of 1950–51. In <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> countries, the engagement has been interpreted as the 29th Brigade's sacrifice, against impossible odds when facing the Chinese 63rd Army, which ultimately prevented the Chinese from capturing Seoul. Regardless of the interpretations, independent research from historians Zhang Shu Guang and Andrew Salmon concluded that the actions of the 29th Brigade had disrupted the Chinese advance sufficiently to affect the outcome of the <a href="/wiki/First_Chinese_Spring_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="First Chinese Spring Offensive">First Chinese Spring Offensive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000317–18_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000317–18-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001xii_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001xii-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1990136_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1990136-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2009317_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2009317-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhang1995149–50_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZhang1995149–50-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casualties">Casualties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to a memorandum presented to the British cabinet on 26 June 1951, 29th Brigade suffered 1,091 casualties, including 34 officers and 808 other ranks missing.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These casualties represented 20<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996328_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996328-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 25 percent<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987270_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987270-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the brigade's strength on the eve of battle. Of the 1,091 soldiers killed, wounded or missing, 620 were from the Gloucestershire Regiment, which could muster only 217 men on 27 April.<sup id="cite_ref-Trials_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trials-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 522 soldiers of the Gloucestershire Regiment became prisoners of war.<sup id="cite_ref-Trials_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trials-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of those taken prisoner, 180 were wounded and a further 34 died while in captivity.<sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 59 soldiers of the Gloucestershire Regiment were killed in action.<sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on estimates, PVA casualties in the Battle of the Imjin River were at least 10,000, with some sources stating upwards of 15,000.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the casualties suffered during the battle, the PVA 63rd Army, which had begun the offensive with three divisions and approximately 27,000 men, had lost over a third of its strength and was pulled out of the front line.<sup id="cite_ref-Trials_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trials-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memorial">Memorial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Memorial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Valley_Battle_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloucester Valley Battle Monument">Gloucester Valley Battle Monument</a> was later built at Gloster Hill <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&params=37.944198_N_126.936035_E_region:KR_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°56′39″N</span> <span class="longitude">126°56′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.944198°N 126.936035°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.944198; 126.936035</span></span></span></a></span></span>, beside the <a href="/wiki/Seolmacheon" title="Seolmacheon">Seolmacheon</a> stream. </p><p>The British Embassy in Seoul organises a service, officially called the Gloster Valley Memorial Service, for veterans on every anniversary of the battle. In 2008, it took place on 19 April as part of formal commemoration ceremonies that were held during 14–20 April.<sup id="cite_ref-Service_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Service-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The outline of the commemorations in 2008<sup id="cite_ref-Service_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Service-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> encompassed a service of commemoration, including the laying of wreaths and the presentations of Gloster Valley Scholarships – financial assistance to deserving children in the area where the battle took place – as well as a picnic lunch that offered visitors the opportunity to mingle with veterans. About 70 British veterans and the British ambassador to South Korea took part in the event.<sup id="cite_ref-Service_71-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Service-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_citations">Awards and citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Awards and citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Individual_awards">Individual awards</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Individual awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Battle of the Imjin River two <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Crosses</a> and one <a href="/wiki/George_Cross" title="George Cross">George Cross</a> were awarded to soldiers of the Gloucestershire Regiment: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lieutenant_Colonel_James_Power_Carne_VC,_DSO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Lieutenant_Colonel_James_Power_Carne_VC%2C_DSO.jpg/220px-Lieutenant_Colonel_James_Power_Carne_VC%2C_DSO.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Lieutenant_Colonel_James_Power_Carne_VC%2C_DSO.jpg/330px-Lieutenant_Colonel_James_Power_Carne_VC%2C_DSO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Lieutenant_Colonel_James_Power_Carne_VC%2C_DSO.jpg/440px-Lieutenant_Colonel_James_Power_Carne_VC%2C_DSO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>Lieutenant-Colonel James Power Carne</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Lieutenant colonel <a href="/wiki/James_Carne" title="James Carne">James P. Carne</a>, who commanded the battalion, was awarded the Victoria Cross. He was also awarded the US Army's <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Cross_(United_States)" title="Distinguished Service Cross (United States)">Distinguished Service Cross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Philip_Curtis" title="Philip Curtis">Philip Curtis</a>, who had recently learnt of his wife's death and who died in a lone counter-attack on enemy machine-guns, was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross.</li> <li>Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Terence_Edward_Waters" class="mw-redirect" title="Terence Edward Waters">Terence Edward Waters</a>, who died in captivity, was awarded a posthumous <a href="/wiki/George_Cross" title="George Cross">George Cross</a> for his conduct shortly after capture.</li></ul> <p>In addition, several soldiers were awarded the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Order" title="Distinguished Service Order">Distinguished Service Order</a>: </p> <ul><li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Farrar-Hockley" title="Anthony Farrar-Hockley">Anthony Farrar-Hockley</a>, 1st Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987xvii_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987xvii-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Major Edgar Denis Harding 1st Battalion, Gloucestshire Regiment OC B Coy</li> <li>Major Henry Huth, <a href="/wiki/Officer_Commanding" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer Commanding">Officer Commanding</a>, C Squadron, <a href="/wiki/8th_King%27s_Royal_Irish_Hussars" title="8th King's Royal Irish Hussars">8th King's Royal Irish Hussars</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987264_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987264-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Major John Winn, Officer Commanding, Z Company, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Military_Cross" title="Military Cross">Military Cross</a> was awarded to: </p> <ul><li>Harvey, 1st Battalion, the Gloucestershire Regiment, for his leadership of a group of 5 officers and 41 men of D Company who escaped and evaded the Chinese encirclement.</li> <li>Major <a href="/wiki/Robert_Leith-Macgregor" title="Robert Leith-Macgregor">Leith-MacGregor</a> DFC, Officer Commanding, Y Company, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers</li> <li>Captain Peter Ormrod, 8th King's Royal Irish Hussars<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lieutenant Guy Temple, for his actions when a platoon from C Company, 1st Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment stopped four attempts by Chinese Communist Forces to cross the river on 22 April, only withdrawing when the platoon ran short of ammunition.</li> <li>Captain Charles Stanfield Rutherford Dain, 45, Field Rgt, Royal Artillery, for manning a forward observer post for 2 days and nights whilst wounded.</li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Military_Medal" title="Military Medal">Military Medal</a> was awarded to: </p> <ul><li>Warrant Officer Class 2 G E Askew, C Troop 170 Independent Mortar Battery</li></ul> <p>Lieutenant-Colonel Crahay received the U.S. Army's Distinguished Service Cross for his leadership of the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_United_Nations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian United Nations Command">Belgian battalion</a> during the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Unit_citations">Unit citations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Unit citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three units were awarded the US <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Unit_Citation_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Unit Citation (US)">Presidential Unit Citation</a> for their part in the Battle of the Imjin River: </p> <ul><li>1st Battalion <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Regiment" title="Gloucestershire Regiment">Gloucestershire Regiment</a></li> <li>C Troop, 170 Independent Mortar Battery, Royal Artillery</li> <li>Belgian battalion</li></ul> <p>On 8 May 1951, by the command of U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>, General <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Fleet" title="James Van Fleet">James Van Fleet</a> presented the President's Distinguished Unit Citation to the Glosters, together with C Troop, 170 Heavy Mortar Battery, which had given invaluable support throughout the battle. The citation says: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucestershire_Regiment_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ceremony.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0d/Gloucestershire_Regiment_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ceremony.jpg/220px-Gloucestershire_Regiment_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ceremony.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0d/Gloucestershire_Regiment_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ceremony.jpg/330px-Gloucestershire_Regiment_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ceremony.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0d/Gloucestershire_Regiment_Presidential_Unit_Citation_Ceremony.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="232" /></a><figcaption>Representatives of United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and <a href="/wiki/Belgian_United_Nations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian United Nations Command">Belgium</a> stand at ease during ceremonies in which the American Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to the Gloucestershire Regiment and the 170th Independent Mortar Battalion, Royal Artillery, 8 May 1951.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"> <p>HEADQUARTERS </p><p>EIGHTH UNITED STATES ARMY KOREA (EUSAK) </p><p>Office of the Commanding General </p><p>KPO 301 </p><p>GENERAL ORDERS </p><p>NUMBER 286 8 May 1951 </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">BATTLE HONOURS – CITATION OF UNITS</div> <p>BATTLE HONOURS – By direction of the President, under the provisions of Executive Order 9396 (Sec 1, WD Bul. 22.1943), superseding Executive Order 9075 (Sec.III, WD Bul.II, 1942) and pursuant in authority in AR 260-15, the following units are cited as public evidence of deserved honor and distinction. The citation reads as follows: </p><p>The 1ST BATTALION GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT, BRITISH ARMY and TROOP C, 170TH INDEPENDENT MORTAR BATTERY, ROYAL ARTILLERY, attached, are cited for exceptionally outstanding performance of duty and extraordinary heroism in action against the armed enemy near Solma-ri, Korea on 23, 24 and 25 April 1951. The 1st BATTALION and TROOP C were defending a very critical sector of the battle front during a determined attack by the enemy. The defending units were overwhelmingly outnumbered. The 83rd Chinese Communist Army drove the full force of its savage assault at the positions held by the 1st BATTALION, GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT and attached unit. The route of supply ran Southeast from the battalion between two hills. The hills dominated the surrounding terrain northwest to the Imjin River. Enemy pressure built up on the battalion front during the day 23 April. On 24 April the weight of the attack had driven the right flank of the battalion back. The pressure grew heavier and heavier and the battalion and attached unit were forced into a perimeter defence on Hill 235. During the night, heavy enemy forces had by-passed the staunch defenders and closed all avenues of escape. The courageous soldiers of the battalion and attached unit were holding the critical route selected by the enemy for one column of the general offensive designed to encircle and destroy 1st Corps . These gallant soldiers would not retreat. As they were compressed tighter and tighter in their perimeter defence, they called for close-in air strikes to assist in holding firm. Completely surrounded by tremendous numbers, these indomitable, resolute, and tenacious soldiers fought back with unsurpassed fortitude and courage. As ammunition ran low and the advancing hordes moved closer and closer, these splendid soldiers fought back viciously to prevent the enemy from overrunning the position and moving rapidly to the south. Their heroic stand provided the critically needed time to regroup other 1st Corps units and block the southern advance of the enemy. Time and again efforts were made to reach the battalion, but the enemy strength blocked each effort. Without thought of defeat or surrender, this heroic force demonstrated superb battlefield courage and discipline. Every yard of ground they surrendered was covered with enemy dead until the last gallant soldier of the fighting battalion was over-powered by the final surge of the enemy masses. The 1st BATTALION, GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT and TROOP C, 170th INDEPENDENT MORTAR BATTERY displayed such gallantry, determination, and esprit de corps in accomplishing their mission under extremely difficult and hazardous conditions as to set them apart and above other units participating in the same battle. Their sustained brilliance in battle, their resoluteness, and extraordinary heroism are in keeping with the finest traditions of the renowned military forces of the British Commonwealth, and reflect unsurpassed credit on these courageous soldiers and their homeland. </p><p>BY COMMAND OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL VAN FLEET. </p><p>OFFICIAL </p><p>LEVEN C ALLEN </p><p>Major General US Army. </p><p>Chief of Staff. </p><p>L. W. STANLEY. </p><p>Colonel AGC. </p><p> Adjutant General.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Belgian_United_Nations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian United Nations Command">Belgian United Nations Command</a>, which was attached to the British 29th Brigade and replaced the 900 men of the Royal Ulster Rifles on 20 April 1951, initially held the brigade's right flank on the north bank of the river. It also included a Luxembourg platoon. It fought the Chinese there and then conducted a fighting withdrawal, supported by U.S. forces, before taking position in the center of the brigade's line, ahead of brigade headquarters, for the attempts to relieve the Glosters. The Belgian battalion was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Unit_Citation_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Unit Citation (US)">United States Distinguished Unit Citation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Presidential_Unit_Citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation">Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation</a> for their conduct during the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Belgian battalion with the Luxembourg detachment of the UN Forces in Korea is mentioned for exceptional execution of its missions and for its remarkable heroism in its actions against the enemy on the <a href="/wiki/Imjin" class="mw-redirect" title="Imjin">Imjin</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Hantangang" class="mw-redirect" title="Hantangang">Hantangang</a>, Korea during the period from 20 till 26 April 1951. The Belgian battalion with the Luxembourg detachment, one of the smallest units of the UNO in Korea, has inflicted thirty-fold losses on the enemy compared to its own, due to its aggressive and courageous actions against the Communist Chinese. During this period considerable enemy forces, supported by fire by machine guns, mortars and artillery, repeatedly and heavily attacked the positions held by the battalion but, Belgians and Luxembourgers have continuously and bravely repulsed these fanatic attacks by inflicting heavy losses to the enemy forces... The extraordinary courage shown by the members of this units during this period has bestowed extraordinary honor on their country and on themselves </p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>By order of <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Fleet" title="James Van Fleet">General Van Fleet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Accounts of C Company's action at Hill 316 during the night of 23/24 April are contradictory. Battalion adjutant Major Farrar-Hockley, B Company commander Major Harding and Private David Green, who fought with C Company, all state in their books that the company was subject to a strong attack and ordered to withdraw during the night, and Daniel states that only a third of the company reached Hill 235. Lieutenant Temple and Private Coombes, both of C Company, state that the company was not subject to any major attack, and Lieutenant Temple states that, in the absence of the company commander who went missing sometime during the night, he ordered the company to withdraw after daybreak on his own initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010180_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010180-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> The British embassy's account of the battle states that only 67 officers and other ranks remained with the regiment after battle.<sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> The British embassy's account of the battle states that 526 soldiers were taken prisoner, not 522.<sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009125-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009125_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillahermosa2009">Villahermosa 2009</a>, p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Belgians Can Do Too! The Belgian-Luxembourg Battalion in the Korean War</i>, Brussels: Museum of the Army and of Military History, 2010, p. 42, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-87051-050-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-87051-050-6"><bdi>978-2-87051-050-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Belgians+Can+Do+Too%21+The+Belgian-Luxembourg+Battalion+in+the+Korean+War&rft.place=Brussels&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Museum+of+the+Army+and+of+Military+History&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-2-87051-050-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009104-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVillahermosa2009104_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVillahermosa2009">Villahermosa 2009</a>, p. 104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPaik1992138-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPaik1992138_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPaik1992">Paik 1992</a>, p. 138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cmsa375-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cmsa375_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cmsa375_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cmsa375_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cmsa375_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000">Chinese Military Science Academy 2000</a>, p. 375</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cmsa312_313-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cmsa312_313_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cmsa312_313_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000">Chinese Military Science Academy 2000</a>, pp. 312–13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001613-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001613_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChaeChungYang2001">Chae, Chung & Yang 2001</a>, p. 613.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2009129-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2009129_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2009">Salmon 2009</a>, p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2009262-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2009262_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2009">Salmon 2009</a>, p. 262.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillett2010434,_441Excerpt_reads:_"Despite_[a_low_estimate_of]_30,000_casualties,_most_of_them_in_the_19th_Army_Group_on_the_approaches_to_Seoul,_Peng_Dehuai_could_not_call_off_the_ill_considered_offensive_that_he_had_never_believed_would_be_successful."-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillett2010434,_441Excerpt_reads:_"Despite_[a_low_estimate_of]_30,000_casualties,_most_of_them_in_the_19th_Army_Group_on_the_approaches_to_Seoul,_Peng_Dehuai_could_not_call_off_the_ill_considered_offensive_that_he_had_never_believed_would_be_successful."_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMillett2010">Millett 2010</a>, pp. 434, 441, Excerpt reads: "Despite [a low estimate of] 30,000 casualties, most of them in the 19th Army Group on the approaches to Seoul, Peng Dehuai could not call off the ill considered offensive that he had never believed would be successful.".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/battle-imjin">"Battle of the Imjin River | National Army Museum"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Battle+of+the+Imjin+River+%26%23124%3B+National+Army+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nam.ac.uk%2Fexplore%2Fbattle-imjin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/british-regiment-saved-south-korea-professor-dr-julian-lindley-french/">"The British Regiment that Saved South Korea"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+British+Regiment+that+Saved+South+Korea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fpulse%2Fbritish-regiment-saved-south-korea-professor-dr-julian-lindley-french%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Battle of the Imjin", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090120203731/http://ukinkorea.fco.gov.uk/en/working-with-korea/defence-relations/gloster-valley/battle-imjin"><i>Gloster valley</i></a>, Seoul: Office of the Defence Attaché, British Embassy, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukinkorea.fco.gov.uk/en/working-with-korea/defence-relations/gloster-valley/battle-imjin">the original</a> on 20 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Battle+of+the+Imjin&rft.btitle=Gloster+valley&rft.place=Seoul&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Defence+Attach%C3%A9%2C+British+Embassy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fukinkorea.fco.gov.uk%2Fen%2Fworking-with-korea%2Fdefence-relations%2Fgloster-valley%2Fbattle-imjin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 250: "just once, the British played a part which captured the imagination of the Western world."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFehrenbach2001304-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFehrenbach2001304_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFehrenbach2001">Fehrenbach 2001</a>, p. 304.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon201015,_43,_46,_53–59,_68–69,_109–110,_113,_127–128-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon201015,_43,_46,_53–59,_68–69,_109–110,_113,_127–128_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, pp. 15, 43, 46, 53–59, 68–69, 109–110, 113, 127–128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990354_Map_29-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990354_Map_29_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMossman1990">Mossman 1990</a>, p. 354 Map 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987250-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987250_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 250.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010118-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010118_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_&_326-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_&_326_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1996">Farrar-Hockley 1996</a>, pp. 324 & 326.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987251_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 251.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996324_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1996">Farrar-Hockley 1996</a>, p. 324.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990385–86-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990385–86_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMossman1990">Mossman 1990</a>, pp. 385–86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987253-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987253_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990379-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990379_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990379_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMossman1990">Mossman 1990</a>, p. 379.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon20101289-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon20101289_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, p. 1289.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010129-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010129_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990386–87-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990386–87_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMossman1990">Mossman 1990</a>, pp. 386–87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996326-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996326_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996326_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1996">Farrar-Hockley 1996</a>, p. 326.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990387-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990387_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990387_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMossman1990">Mossman 1990</a>, p. 387.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 256.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMossman1990388-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMossman1990388_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMossman1990">Mossman 1990</a>, p. 388.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon20101–6-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon20101–6_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, pp. 1–6 Mossman reports four attempts to cross the river were repulsed, but the patrol leader, Lieutenant Temple, claims only three. There are different reports of casualty figures amongst the PVA during the ambush; Salmon, p306, suggests at least a company, possibly a battalion. Lt. Temple estimated 70 in the first engagement alone which, because he initially forgot he had artillery support, was conducted with small arms only (subsequent attempts were also subject to artillery fire from 45 Field Regiment RA, called in by Lt. Temple). This figure is reflected in Mossman's account. It's also worth noting that Lt. Temple's orders were to snatch a prisoner and withdraw if he encountered more than 30 enemy, something else that he forgot.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010151–155-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010151–155_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, pp. 151–155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256–57-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987256–57_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, pp. 256–57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1996">Farrar-Hockley 1996</a>, p. 327.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987258-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987258_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 258.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19512-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19512_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19512_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF3d_Infantry_Division1951">3d Infantry Division 1951</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010155–157-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010155–157_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, pp. 155–157.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010166_&_168-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010166_&_168_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, pp. 166 & 168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 259.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010176–184-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010176–184_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, pp. 176–184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2010180-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2010180_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2010">Salmon 2010</a>, p. 180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987260-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987260_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987268-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987268_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987268_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 268.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE3d_Infantry_Division19513_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF3d_Infantry_Division1951">3d Infantry Division 1951</a>, p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987264-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987264_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987264_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 264.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327–28-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996327–28_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1996">Farrar-Hockley 1996</a>, pp. 327–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987263–67-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987263–67_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, pp. 263–67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080513012959/http://www.glosters.org.uk/textonly_timeline/7"><i>Battle of the Imjin River</i></a>, UK: Soldiers of Gloucestershire Museum, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glosters.org.uk/textonly_timeline/7">the original</a> on 13 May 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Battle+of+the+Imjin+River&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=Soldiers+of+Gloucestershire+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glosters.org.uk%2Ftextonly_timeline%2F7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259,_267–69-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987259,_267–69_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, pp. 259, 267–69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECatchpole2000133–134-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECatchpole2000133–134_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCatchpole2000">Catchpole 2000</a>, pp. 133–134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1995152–153-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1995152–153_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1995">Farrar-Hockley 1995</a>, pp. 152–153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding2011-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding2011_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarding2011">Harding 2011</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000317–18-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000317–18_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000">Chinese Military Science Academy 2000</a>, pp. 317–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001xii-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaeChungYang2001xii_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChaeChungYang2001">Chae, Chung & Yang 2001</a>, p. xii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1990136-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1990136_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1990">Farrar-Hockley 1990</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalmon2009317-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalmon2009317_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalmon2009">Salmon 2009</a>, p. 317.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZhang1995149–50-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhang1995149–50_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZhang1995">Zhang 1995</a>, pp. 149–50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/battles/korea/popup/account.htm">Memorandum to the British Cabinet</a>, Catalogue reference <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/externalreferencerequest.asp?requestreference=CAB21/1985">CAB 21/1985</a> (26 June 1950). Retrieved 15 April 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996328-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrar-Hockley1996328_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1996">Farrar-Hockley 1996</a>, p. 328.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987270-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987270_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 270.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trials-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Trials_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Trials_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Trials_64-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glosters.org.uk/textonly_timeline/7#item1">1953 – The Trials and Release of the P.O.Ws.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080513012959/http://www.glosters.org.uk/textonly_timeline/7">Archived</a> 13 May 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 2 May 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 270: "169 of 850 Gloucesters mustered for rollcall with the brigade after the battle"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Embassy-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Embassy_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Embassy_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Embassy_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Embassy_66-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080226105343/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage"><i>Battle of the Imjin</i></a>, Seoul: Office of the Defence Attaché, British Embassy, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1101397347562">the original</a> on 26 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Battle+of+the+Imjin&rft.place=Seoul&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Defence+Attach%C3%A9%2C+British+Embassy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishembassy.gov.uk%2Fservlet%2FFront%3Fpagename%3DOpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage%26c%3DPage%26cid%3D1101397347562&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 269: '30 men died in captivity'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. 270 refers to several "campaign histories" when he puts the number at around 10,000 but underlines that the number of PVA casualties was "arbitrary" and based "upon the minimum that seemed credible"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Service-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Service_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Service_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Service_71-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080226105343/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage"><i>British Korean War Visit</i></a> (outline of commemorations), Seoul: British embassy, 2008, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1093348586792&a=KArticle&aid=1203952728069">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(MS Word)</span> on 26 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Korean+War+Visit&rft.place=Seoul&rft.pub=British+embassy&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishembassy.gov.uk%2Fservlet%2FFront%3Fpagename%3DOpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage%26c%3DPage%26cid%3D1093348586792%26a%3DKArticle%26aid%3D1203952728069&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">War Department <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/1_Citations/05_korea-dsc/dsc_18korea_foreign.html">General Orders No. 3 (20 January 1954)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060918092611/http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/1_Citations/05_korea-dsc/dsc_18korea_foreign.html">Archived</a> 18 September 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved 11 April 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHastings1987xvii-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHastings1987xvii_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1987">Hastings 1987</a>, p. xvii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110524052318/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2780371.ece">"Colonel Peter Ormrod"</a>, <i>The Times</i> (obituary), London, 1 November 2007, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2780371.ece">the original</a> on 24 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Colonel+Peter+Ormrod&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fcomment%2Fobituaries%2Farticle2780371.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060918092611/http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/1_Citations/05_korea-dsc/dsc_18korea_foreign.html"><i>General Orders</i></a>, Department of the Army, 29 May 1952, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/1_Citations/05_korea-dsc/dsc_18korea_foreign.html">the original</a> on 18 September 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=General+Orders&rft.pub=Department+of+the+Army&rft.date=1952-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.homeofheroes.com%2Fvalor%2F1_Citations%2F05_korea-dsc%2Fdsc_18korea_foreign.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The National Archives: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/battles/korea/popup/presidential.htm">American Presidential Citation</a>, Catalogue reference: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/externalreferencerequest.asp?requestreference=WO32/14248">WO 32/14248 no.1B</a> (8 May 1951). Retrieved 15 April 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendrik" class="citation cs2">Hendrik, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100330073221/http://hendrik.atspace.com/eng/korpucs.html"><i>The Belgian Forces in the Korean War (BUNC)</i></a>, At space, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hendrik.atspace.com/eng/korpucs.html">the original</a> on 30 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Belgian+Forces+in+the+Korean+War+%28BUNC%29&rft.pub=At+space&rft.au=Hendrik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhendrik.atspace.com%2Feng%2Fkorpucs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendrik" class="citation cs2">Hendrik, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130812093826/http://hendrik.atspace.com/eng/Bunc.html"><i>At space</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hendrik.atspace.com/eng/Bunc.html">the original</a> on 12 August 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=At+space&rft.au=Hendrik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhendrik.atspace.com%2Feng%2FBunc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF3d_Infantry_Division1951" class="citation cs2">3d Infantry Division (April 1951), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/battles/korea/popup/american.htm">"Section III, Narrative of Operations"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(précis)</span>, <i>American actions during the Battle of Imjin River</i> (command report), <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives</a>, Catalogue reference <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/externalreferencerequest.asp?requestreference=WO308/47">WO 308/47</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Section+III%2C+Narrative+of+Operations&rft.btitle=American+actions+during+the+Battle+of+Imjin+River&rft.pub=The+National+Archives&rft.date=1951-04&rft.au=3d+Infantry+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fbattles%2Fkorea%2Fpopup%2Famerican.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAppleman1990" class="citation cs2">Appleman, Roy (1990), <i>Ridgway Duels for Korea</i>, Military History Series, vol. 18, College Station, TX: Texas A and M University, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89096-432-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-89096-432-7"><bdi>0-89096-432-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ridgway+Duels+for+Korea&rft.place=College+Station%2C+TX&rft.series=Military+History+Series&rft.pub=Texas+A+and+M+University&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-89096-432-7&rft.aulast=Appleman&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCatchpole2000" class="citation cs2">Catchpole, Brian (2000), <i>The Korean War</i>, London: Constance & Roninson, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84119-413-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84119-413-1"><bdi>1-84119-413-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Korean+War&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Constance+%26+Roninson&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-84119-413-1&rft.aulast=Catchpole&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaeChungYang2001" class="citation cs2">Chae, Han Kook; Chung, Suk Kyun; Yang, Yong Cho (2001), Yang, Hee Wan; Lim, Won Hyok; Sims, Thomas Lee; Sims, Laura Marie; Kim, Chong Gu; Millett, Allan R (eds.), <i>The Korean War</i>, vol. II, Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-7795-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-7795-3"><bdi>978-0-8032-7795-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Korean+War&rft.place=Lincoln%2C+NE&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8032-7795-3&rft.aulast=Chae&rft.aufirst=Han+Kook&rft.au=Chung%2C+Suk+Kyun&rft.au=Yang%2C+Yong+Cho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChinese_Military_Science_Academy2000" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chinese Military Science Academy (2000), <bdi lang="zh">抗美援朝战争史</bdi> [<i>History of War to Resist America and Aid Korea</i>] (in Chinese), vol. II, Beijing: Chinese Military Science Academy Publishing House, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/7-80137-390-1" title="Special:BookSources/7-80137-390-1"><bdi>7-80137-390-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%8A%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%8F%B4%E6%9C%9D%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E5%8F%B2&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=Chinese+Military+Science+Academy+Publishing+House&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=7-80137-390-1&rft.au=Chinese+Military+Science+Academy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunningham2000" class="citation cs2">Cunningham, Cyril (2000), <i>No Mercy, No Leniency: Communist Mistreatment of British Prisoners of War in Korea</i>, Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Leo Cooper, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85052-767-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85052-767-8"><bdi>0-85052-767-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Mercy%2C+No+Leniency%3A+Communist+Mistreatment+of+British+Prisoners+of+War+in+Korea&rft.place=Barnsley%2C+South+Yorkshire&rft.pub=Leo+Cooper&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-85052-767-8&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1990" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol">Farrar-Hockley, Anthony (1990), <i>Official History: The British Part in the Korean War</i>, vol. I. A distant obligation, London, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">ENG</a>, UK: HMSO, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-11-630953-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-11-630953-9"><bdi>0-11-630953-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Official+History%3A+The+British+Part+in+the+Korean+War&rft.place=London%2C+ENG%2C+UK&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-11-630953-9&rft.aulast=Farrar-Hockley&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1995" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol">——— (1995), <i>Official History: The British Part in the Korean War</i>, vol. II. An honourable discharge, London, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">ENG</a>, UK: HMSO, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-11-630958-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-11-630958-X"><bdi>0-11-630958-X</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Official+History%3A+The+British+Part+in+the+Korean+War&rft.place=London%2C+ENG%2C+UK&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-11-630958-X&rft.aulast=Farrar-Hockley&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrar-Hockley1996" class="citation cs2">——— (1996), "15. The Post War Army 1945–1963", in Chandler, David G; Beckett, IFW (eds.), <i>The Oxford history of the British army</i>, New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19280311-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19280311-5"><bdi>978-0-19280311-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=15.+The+Post+War+Army+1945%E2%80%931963&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+history+of+the+British+army&rft.place=New+York%2C+Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-19280311-5&rft.aulast=Farrar-Hockley&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFehrenbach2001" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/T._R._Fehrenbach" title="T. R. Fehrenbach">Fehrenbach, T. R.</a> (2001), <i>This kind of war: the classic Korean War history</i>, Brassey's, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57488-334-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-57488-334-8"><bdi>1-57488-334-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+kind+of+war%3A+the+classic+Korean+War+history&rft.pub=Brassey%27s&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-57488-334-8&rft.aulast=Fehrenbach&rft.aufirst=T.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarding2011" class="citation cs2">Harding, E D (January 2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ho_dnQEACAAJ"><i>The Imjin Roll</i></a> (4th ed.), Rushden, Northamptonshire, England: Forces & Corporate Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780952959762" title="Special:BookSources/9780952959762"><bdi>9780952959762</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Imjin+Roll&rft.place=Rushden%2C+Northamptonshire%2C+England&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Forces+%26+Corporate+Publishing&rft.date=2011-01&rft.isbn=9780952959762&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=E+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHo_dnQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHastings1987" class="citation cs2">Hastings, Max (November 1987), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/koreanwar00hast"><i>The Korean War</i></a></span> (1st ed.), Simon & Schuster, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-671-52823-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-671-52823-2"><bdi>978-0-671-52823-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Korean+War&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1987-11&rft.isbn=978-0-671-52823-2&rft.aulast=Hastings&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkoreanwar00hast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalkasian2002" class="citation cs2">Malkasian, Carter (2002), <i>A History of Modern Wars of Attrition</i>, Westport, CT: Praeger, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-97379-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-275-97379-4"><bdi>0-275-97379-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Modern+Wars+of+Attrition&rft.place=Westport%2C+CT&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-275-97379-4&rft.aulast=Malkasian&rft.aufirst=Carter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillett2010" class="citation cs2">Millett, Allan R (2010), <i>The War for Korea, 1950–1951: They Came From the North</i>, Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1709-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1709-8"><bdi>978-0-7006-1709-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+War+for+Korea%2C+1950%E2%80%931951%3A+They+Came+From+the+North&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+KS&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-1709-8&rft.aulast=Millett&rft.aufirst=Allan+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMossman1990" class="citation cs2">Mossman, Billy C (1990), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210129051533/https://history.army.mil/books/korea/ebb/fm.htm"><i>Ebb and Flow: November 1950 – July 1951, United States Army in the Korean War</i></a>, Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4102-2470-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4102-2470-5"><bdi>978-1-4102-2470-5</bdi></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/books/korea/ebb/fm.htm">the original</a> on 29 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ebb+and+Flow%3A+November+1950+%E2%80%93+July+1951%2C+United+States+Army+in+the+Korean+War&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=Center+of+Military+History%2C+United+States+Army&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-1-4102-2470-5&rft.aulast=Mossman&rft.aufirst=Billy+C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fbooks%2Fkorea%2Febb%2Ffm.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaik1992" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Paik_Sun-yup" title="Paik Sun-yup">Paik, Sun Yup</a> (1992), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frompusantopanmu00paek"><i>From Pusan to Panmunjom</i></a></span>, Riverside, NJ: Brassey, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-02-881002-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-02-881002-3"><bdi>0-02-881002-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Pusan+to+Panmunjom&rft.place=Riverside%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Brassey&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-02-881002-3&rft.aulast=Paik&rft.aufirst=Sun+Yup&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffrompusantopanmu00paek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalmon2009" class="citation cs2">Salmon, Andrew (2009), <i>To the Last Round: The Epic British Stand on the Imjin River</i>, London, UK: Aurum Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84513-408-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84513-408-2"><bdi>978-1-84513-408-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=To+the+Last+Round%3A+The+Epic+British+Stand+on+the+Imjin+River&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Aurum+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-84513-408-2&rft.aulast=Salmon&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalmon2010" class="citation cs2">Salmon, Andrew (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YzPBAgAAQBAJ"><i>To The Last Round: The Epic British Stand on the Imjin River, Korea 1951</i></a>, Aurum, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84513-831-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84513-831-8"><bdi>978-1-84513-831-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=To+The+Last+Round%3A+The+Epic+British+Stand+on+the+Imjin+River%2C+Korea+1951&rft.pub=Aurum&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84513-831-8&rft.aulast=Salmon&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYzPBAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShrader1995" class="citation cs2">Shrader, Charles R (1995), <i>Communist Logistics in the Korean War</i>, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-29509-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-29509-3"><bdi>0-313-29509-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Communist+Logistics+in+the+Korean+War&rft.place=Westport%2C+CT&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-313-29509-3&rft.aulast=Shrader&rft.aufirst=Charles+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStueck1995" class="citation cs2">Stueck, William W (1995), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/koreanwarinterna0000stue"><i>The Korean War: An International History</i></a></span>, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-03767-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-03767-1"><bdi>0-691-03767-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Korean+War%3A+An+International+History&rft.place=Princeton%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-691-03767-1&rft.aulast=Stueck&rft.aufirst=William+W&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkoreanwarinterna0000stue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVillahermosa2009" class="citation cs2">Villahermosa, Gilberto N (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073206/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/korea/65Inf_Korea/"><i>Honor and Fidelity: The 65th Infantry in Korea, 1950–1953</i></a>, Washington, DC: United States Army Center of Military History, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/korea/65Inf_Korea/">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Honor+and+Fidelity%3A+The+65th+Infantry+in+Korea%2C+1950%E2%80%931953&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Center+of+Military+History&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Villahermosa&rft.aufirst=Gilberto+N&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fbooks%2Fkorea%2F65Inf_Korea%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXu1990" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Xu, Yan (徐焰) (1990), <bdi lang="zh">第一次较量：抗美援朝战争的历史回顾与反思</bdi> [<i>First Confrontation: Reviews and Reflections on the History of War to Resist America and Aid Korea</i>] (in Chinese), Beijing: Chinese Radio and Television Publishing House, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/7-5043-0542-1" title="Special:BookSources/7-5043-0542-1"><bdi>7-5043-0542-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E8%BE%83%E9%87%8F%EF%BC%9A%E6%8A%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%8F%B4%E6%9C%9D%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%9B%9E%E9%A1%BE%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%8D%E6%80%9D&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=Chinese+Radio+and+Television+Publishing+House&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=7-5043-0542-1&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Yan+%28%E5%BE%90%E7%84%B0%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhang1995" class="citation cs2">Zhang, Shu Guang (1995), <i>Mao's Military Romanticism: China and the Korean War, 1950–1953</i>, Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7006-0723-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7006-0723-4"><bdi>0-7006-0723-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mao%27s+Military+Romanticism%3A+China+and+the+Korean+War%2C+1950%E2%80%931953&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+KS&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-7006-0723-4&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Shu+Guang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/battles/korea/popup/presidential.htm"><i>American Presidential Citation</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives</a>, 8 May 1951, Catalogue reference <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/externalreferencerequest.asp?requestreference=WO32/14248">WO 32/14248</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Presidential+Citation&rft.pub=The+National+Archives&rft.date=1951-05-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fbattles%2Fkorea%2Fpopup%2Fpresidential.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/battles/korea/popup/account.htm"><i>Memorandum to the British Cabinet</i></a>, The National Archives, 26 June 1950, Catalogue reference <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/externalreferencerequest.asp?requestreference=CAB21/1985">CAB 21/1985</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memorandum+to+the+British+Cabinet&rft.pub=The+National+Archives&rft.date=1950-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fbattles%2Fkorea%2Fpopup%2Faccount.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Citations for non-US recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060918092611/http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/1_Citations/05_korea-dsc/dsc_18korea_foreign.html"><i>Home of heroes</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/1_Citations/05_korea-dsc/dsc_18korea_foreign.html">the original</a> on 18 September 2006</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Citations+for+non-US+recipients+of+the+Distinguished+Service+Cross&rft.btitle=Home+of+heroes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.homeofheroes.com%2Fvalor%2F1_Citations%2F05_korea-dsc%2Fdsc_18korea_foreign.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110524052318/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2780371.ece">"Colonel Peter Ormrod—Tank commander who won the Military Cross for his bravery in the face of overwhelming Chinese odds in Korea"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> (obituary), UK, 1 November 2007, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2780371.ece">the original</a> on 24 May 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Colonel+Peter+Ormrod%E2%80%94Tank+commander+who+won+the+Military+Cross+for+his+bravery+in+the+face+of+overwhelming+Chinese+odds+in+Korea&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fcomment%2Fobituaries%2Farticle2780371.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarclay1954" class="citation cs2">Barclay, Cyril Nelson (1954), <i>The First Commonwealth Division: The Story of British Commonwealth Land Forces in Korea, 1950–1953</i>, Aldershot, UK: <a href="/wiki/Gale_%26_Polden" title="Gale & Polden">Gale & Polden</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Commonwealth+Division%3A+The+Story+of+British+Commonwealth+Land+Forces+in+Korea%2C+1950%E2%80%931953&rft.place=Aldershot%2C+UK&rft.pub=Gale+%26+Polden&rft.date=1954&rft.aulast=Barclay&rft.aufirst=Cyril+Nelson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunningham-BootheFarrar1988" class="citation cs2">Cunningham-Boothe, Ashley; Farrar, Peter, eds. (1988), <i>British Forces in the Korean War</i>, London: The British Korean Veterans Association</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Forces+in+the+Korean+War&rft.place=London&rft.pub=The+British+Korean+Veterans+Association&rft.date=1988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrar-Hockley2007" class="citation cs2">Farrar-Hockley, Anthony (2007), <i>The Edge of the Sword</i>, London: Frederick Muller</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Edge+of+the+Sword&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Frederick+Muller&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Farrar-Hockley&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>. 1955 edition was published by the Companion Book Club. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3192552">3192552</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Fehrenbach, TR (2001), <i>This Kind of War: The Classic Korean War History</i> (50 ann ed.), US: Brassey's, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57488-334-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-57488-334-8"><bdi>1-57488-334-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+Kind+of+War%3A+The+Classic+Korean+War+History&rft.place=US&rft.edition=50+ann&rft.pub=Brassey%27s&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-57488-334-8&rft.aulast=Fehrenbach&rft.aufirst=TR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2003" class="citation cs2">Green, David (2003), <i>Captured at the Imjin River: The Korean War Memoirs of a Gloster</i>, Pen & Sword Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781848846531" title="Special:BookSources/9781848846531"><bdi>9781848846531</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/751832966">751832966</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Captured+at+the+Imjin+River%3A+The+Korean+War+Memoirs+of+a+Gloster&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword+Books&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F751832966&rft.isbn=9781848846531&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolles1972" class="citation cs2">Holles, Robert Owen (1972), <i>Now Thrive The Armourers</i>, White Lion</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Now+Thrive+The+Armourers&rft.pub=White+Lion&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Holles&rft.aufirst=Robert+Owen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>. Resissued as <i>Now Thrive the Armourers: A story of Action with the Gloucesters in Korea (November 1950-April 1951)</i> by Bantam Books in 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0553283219" title="Special:BookSources/0553283219">0553283219</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahn1951" class="citation cs2">Kahn, Ely Jacques (1951), <i>The Gloucesters: An Account of the Epic Stand of the Gloucestershire Regiment in Korea</i>, London: Central Office of Information, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/23865544">23865544</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gloucesters%3A+An+Account+of+the+Epic+Stand+of+the+Gloucestershire+Regiment+in+Korea&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Central+Office+of+Information&rft.date=1951&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23865544&rft.aulast=Kahn&rft.aufirst=Ely+Jacques&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarge1999" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Lofty_Large" title="Lofty Large">Large, Lofty</a> (1999), <i>Soldier Against the Odds: From Korean War to SAS</i>, Mainstream, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84018-346-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84018-346-7"><bdi>978-1-84018-346-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Soldier+Against+the+Odds%3A+From+Korean+War+to+SAS&rft.pub=Mainstream&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-84018-346-7&rft.aulast=Large&rft.aufirst=Lofty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRottman2002" class="citation cs2">Rottman, Gordon (2002), <i>Korean War Order of Battle. United States, United Nations and Communist Ground, Naval and Air Forces, 1950–1953</i>, Praeger/Greenwood</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Korean+War+Order+of+Battle.+United+States%2C+United+Nations+and+Communist+Ground%2C+Naval+and+Air+Forces%2C+1950%E2%80%931953&rft.pub=Praeger%2FGreenwood&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Rottman&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"The Imjin battle", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/battles/korea/buildup.htm"><i>The Korean War</i></a> (documents, maps and images), UK: The National Archives</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Imjin+battle&rft.btitle=The+Korean+War&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=The+National+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fbattles%2Fkorea%2Fbuildup.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"The British involvement", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929084025/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1101397831756"><i>The Korean War</i></a>, The British Embassy, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1101397831756">the original</a> on 29 September 2007</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+British+involvement&rft.btitle=The+Korean+War&rft.pub=The+British+Embassy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishembassy.gov.uk%2Fservlet%2FFront%3Fpagename%3DOpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage%26c%3DPage%26cid%3D1101397831756&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080226105343/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage"><i>The Battle of the Imjin River</i></a>, The British Embassy, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1101397347562">the original</a> on 26 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2018</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Battle+of+the+Imjin+River&rft.pub=The+British+Embassy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishembassy.gov.uk%2Fservlet%2FFront%3Fpagename%3DOpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage%26c%3DPage%26cid%3D1101397347562&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>, including a map showing the deployment of 29th Brigade's units.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soldiersofglos.com/"><i>The Soldiers of Gloucestershire Museum</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Soldiers+of+Gloucestershire+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soldiersofglos.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span> which holds the archives of the Gloucestershire Regiment including documents and artefacts related to the battle.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Korean War", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070228220638/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part19.htm#korea"><i>Royal Engineers and the Cold War</i></a>, Royal Engineers Museum, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part19.htm#korea">the original</a> on 28 February 2007</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Korean+War&rft.btitle=Royal+Engineers+and+the+Cold+War&rft.pub=Royal+Engineers+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.remuseum.org.uk%2Fcorpshistory%2Frem_corps_part19.htm%23korea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070823091247/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/rem_col_online.htm"><i>Royal Engineers Museum</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.remuseum.org.uk/rem_col_online.htm">the original</a> on 23 August 2007</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal+Engineers+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.remuseum.org.uk%2Frem_col_online.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>: Royal Engineer pictures of the Korean War.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091022022438/http://geocities.com/gpvillain/1997-11mar1.html">"Bernard Leroy Martin (one of three Bermudian Glosters at Imjin)"</a>, <i>The Royal Gazette</i> (obituary), 1 March 1997, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geocities.com/gpvillain/1997-11mar1.html">the original</a> on 22 October 2009</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Royal+Gazette&rft.atitle=Bernard+Leroy+Martin+%28one+of+three+Bermudian+Glosters+at+Imjin%29&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.com%2Fgpvillain%2F1997-11mar1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091022114612/http://geocities.com/peftok/10thbct3.html">"10th BATTALION COMBAT TEAM (MOTORIZED)"</a>, <i>The Philippine contingent during the Korean War</i>, Yahoo!, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geocities.com/peftok/10thbct3.html">the original</a> on 22 October 2009</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+contingent+during+the+Korean+War&rft.atitle=10th+BATTALION+COMBAT+TEAM+%28MOTORIZED%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.com%2Fpeftok%2F10thbct3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span>, including their efforts to relieve the Gloucestershire Regiment.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendrik" class="citation cs2">Hendrik, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130812093826/http://hendrik.atspace.com/eng/Bunc.html"><i>The story of the Belgian United Nations Command</i></a>, At space, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hendrik.atspace.com/eng/Bunc.html">the original</a> on 12 August 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+story+of+the+Belgian+United+Nations+Command&rft.pub=At+space&rft.au=Hendrik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhendrik.atspace.com%2Feng%2FBunc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Imjin+River" class="Z3988"></span> with reports of the battles they participated in, unit awards and personal decorations.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Korean_War" title="Template:Korean War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Korean_War" title="Template talk:Korean War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Korean_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Korean War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Korean_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><b>25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Background" title="Korean War">Background</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Korea_divided_(1945–1949)" title="Korean War">Korea divided (1945–1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Prelude_to_war_(1950)" title="Korean War">Prelude to war (1950)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Belligerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Forces_in_the_Korean_War" title="United Nations Forces in the Korean War">United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Korea_in_the_Korean_War" class="mw-redirect" title="South Korea in the Korean War">Republic of Korea</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia_in_the_Korean_War" title="Australia in the Korean War">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Volunteer_Corps_for_Korea" title="Belgian Volunteer Corps for Korea">Belgium and Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_in_the_Korean_War" title="Canada in the Korean War">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Battalion" title="Colombian Battalion">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagnew_Battalion" title="Kagnew Battalion">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Battalion" title="French Battalion">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Expeditionary_Force_(Korea)" title="Greek Expeditionary Force (Korea)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regiment_van_Heutsz#Korean_War" title="Regiment van Heutsz">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_in_the_Korean_War" title="New Zealand in the Korean War">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Expeditionary_Forces_to_Korea" title="Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand_in_the_Korean_War" title="Thailand in the Korean War">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Brigade" title="Turkish Brigade">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Squadron_SAAF#Korean_War" title="2 Squadron SAAF">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_in_the_Korean_War" title="United Kingdom in the Korean War">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_the_Korean_War" title="United States in the Korean War">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Army_National_Guard_and_the_Korean_War" title="Arkansas Army National Guard and the Korean War">Arkansas Army National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Infantry_Regiment#Korean_War" class="mw-redirect" title="65th Infantry Regiment">65th Infantry Regiment (Puerto Rico)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_in_the_Korean_War" title="North Korea in the Korean War">Democratic People's Republic of Korea</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Volunteer_Army" title="People's Volunteer Army">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_and_the_Korean_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Union and the Korean War">Soviet Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Medical (non-combat)<br />participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Medical_support_in_the_Korean_War" title="Medical support in the Korean War">Medical support in the Korean War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_military_mission_in_Korea_(1952%E2%80%931956)" title="Czechoslovak military mission in Korea (1952–1956)">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS_Jutlandia#Korean_War" title="MS Jutlandia">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_in_the_Korean_War" class="mw-redirect" title="India in the Korean War">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Red_Cross_Hospital_68" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Red Cross Hospital 68">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORMASH" class="mw-redirect" title="NORMASH">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_in_the_Korean_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweden in the Korean War">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_German_Red_Cross_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="West German Red Cross Hospital">West Germany</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Political leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">rok</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Syngman_Rhee" title="Syngman Rhee">Syngman Rhee</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_Song-mo" title="Shin Song-mo">Shin Song-mo</a></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">usa</span></b></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">uk</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">ca</span></b></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Laurent" title="Louis St. Laurent">Louis St. Laurent</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">dprk</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pak_Hon-yong" title="Pak Hon-yong">Pak Hon-yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Chaek" title="Kim Chaek">Kim Chaek</a></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">prc</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">ussr</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Malenkov" title="Georgy Malenkov">Georgy Malenkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavrentiy_Beria" title="Lavrentiy Beria">Lavrentiy Beria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Molotov" title="Vyacheslav Molotov">Vyacheslav Molotov</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military commanders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><span class="smallcaps">rok</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kim_Hong-il_(general)" title="Kim Hong-il (general)">Kim Hong-il</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong-oh" title="Kim Jong-oh">Kim Jong-oh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chung_Il-kwon" title="Chung Il-kwon">Chung Il-kwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paik_Sun-yup" title="Paik Sun-yup">Paik Sun-yup</a></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">usa</span></b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a></span></b></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Ridgway" title="Matthew Ridgway">Matthew Ridgway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Wayne_Clark" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Wayne Clark">Mark Wayne Clark</a></span></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">dprk</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Choe_Yong-gon_(official)" title="Choe Yong-gon (official)">Choi Yong-kun</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="smallcaps">prc</span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Peng_Dehuai" title="Peng Dehuai">Peng Dehuai</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Geng" title="Chen Geng">Chen Geng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Hua" title="Deng Hua">Deng Hua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Korean_War_order_of_battle" title="Korean War order of battle">Order of battle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army" title="Korean People's Army">Korean People's Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of Korea Armed Forces">Republic of Korea Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_battle_of_Australian_forces_during_the_Korean_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of battle of Australian forces during the Korean War">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Volunteer_Army_order_of_battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese People's Volunteer Army order of battle">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Command" title="United Nations Command">United Nations contingents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Eighth_Army_Korean_War_order_of_battle" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Eighth Army Korean War order of battle">United States Eighth Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Seventh_Fleet_Korean_War_order_of_battle" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Seventh Fleet Korean War order of battle">United States Seventh Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean People's Air Force">Korean People's Air Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Course_of_the_war" title="Korean War">Military operations</a><br /> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean_war_1950-1953.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Korean_war_1950-1953.gif/110px-Korean_war_1950-1953.gif" decoding="async" width="110" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Korean_war_1950-1953.gif/165px-Korean_war_1950-1953.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Korean_war_1950-1953.gif/220px-Korean_war_1950-1953.gif 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="871" /></a><figcaption> • <span style="color:#d45444;">North Korean,<br />Chinese and<br />Soviet forces</span><br /> • <span style="color:#4cd444">South Korean, U.S.,<br />Commonwealth<br />and United Nations<br />forces</span></figcaption></figure></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#The_drive_south_and_Pusan_(July–September_1950)" title="Korean War">North Korean offensive</a></i><br /><small>(25 June – 15 September 1950)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Pokpoong" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Pokpoong">Pokpoong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chuncheon" title="Battle of Chuncheon">Chuncheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Seoul" title="First Battle of Seoul">1st Seoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorangpo" title="Battle of Gorangpo">Gorangpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kaesong%E2%80%93Munsan" title="Battle of Kaesong–Munsan">Kaesong–Munsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Korea_Strait" title="Battle of Korea Strait">Korea Strait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ongjin" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Ongjin">Ongjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uijeongbu_(1950)" title="Battle of Uijeongbu (1950)">Uijeongbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suwon_Airfield" title="Battle of Suwon Airfield">Suwon Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Battle_of_South_Korea" title="Air Battle of South Korea">Air Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Andong" title="Battle of Andong">Andong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chumonchin_Chan" title="Battle of Chumonchin Chan">Chumonchin Chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osan" title="Battle of Osan">Osan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pyongtaek" title="Battle of Pyongtaek">Pyongtaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chonan" title="Battle of Chonan">Chonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chochiwon" title="Battle of Chochiwon">Chochiwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Kum_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Kum River">Kum River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taejon" title="Battle of Taejon">Taejon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sangju_(1950)" title="Battle of Sangju (1950)">Sangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yongdong" title="Battle of Yongdong">Yongdong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hwanggan" title="Battle of Hwanggan">Hwanggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadong_Ambush" title="Hadong Ambush">Hadong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Notch" title="Battle of the Notch">Notch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Pusan_Perimeter" title="Battle of the Pusan Perimeter"><b>Pusan Perimeter</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Masan" title="Battle of Masan">Masan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%27ohang-dong" title="Battle of P'ohang-dong">P'ohang-dong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taegu" title="Battle of Taegu">Taegu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Naktong_Bulge" title="First Battle of Naktong Bulge">1st Naktong Bulge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bowling_Alley" title="Battle of the Bowling Alley">Bowling Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Battle_Mountain" title="Battle of Battle Mountain">Battle Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kyongju" title="Battle of Kyongju">Kyongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haman" title="Battle of Haman">Haman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nam_River" title="Battle of Nam River">Nam River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ka-san" title="Battle of Ka-san">Ka-san</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabu-dong" title="Battle of Tabu-dong">Tabu-dong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yongsan" title="Battle of Yongsan">Yongsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Naktong_Bulge" title="Second Battle of Naktong Bulge">2nd Naktong Bulge</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Battle_of_Inchon_(September_1950)" title="Korean War">United Nations Command<br /> Counteroffensive</a></i><br /><small>(15 September – 30 October 1950)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haeju" title="Battle of Haeju">Haeju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Inchon" title="Battle of Inchon"><b>Inchon</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Seoul" title="Second Battle of Seoul">2nd Seoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_282" title="Battle of Hill 282">Hill 282</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sariwon" title="Battle of Sariwon">Sariwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pyongyang_(1950)" title="Battle of Pyongyang (1950)">Pyongyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yongyu" title="Battle of Yongyu">Yongyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kujin" title="Battle of Kujin">Kujin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chongju_(1950)" title="Battle of Chongju (1950)">Chongju</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#China_intervenes_(October–December_1950)" title="Korean War">Chinese Intervention</a></i><br /><small>(25 October 1950 – January 1951)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Onjong" title="Battle of Onjong">Onjong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Unsan" title="Battle of Unsan">Unsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pakchon" title="Battle of Pakchon">Pakchon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Ch%27ongch%27on_River" title="Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River"><b>Ch'ongch'on River</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wawon" title="Battle of Wawon">Wawon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chosin_Reservoir" title="Battle of Chosin Reservoir"><b>Chosin Reservoir</b></a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_Faith" title="Task Force Faith">Task Force Faith</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Seoul" title="Third Battle of Seoul">3rd Seoul</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uijeongbu_(1951)" title="Battle of Uijeongbu (1951)">Uijeongbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chaegunghyon" title="Battle of Chaegunghyon">Chaegunghyon</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/First_and_Second_Battles_of_Wonju" class="mw-redirect" title="First and Second Battles of Wonju">1st and 2nd Wonju</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Fighting_around_the_38th_parallel_(January–June_1951)" title="Korean War">Combat around the 38th parallel</a></i><br /><small>(January – June 1951)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Thunderbolt_(1951)" title="Operation Thunderbolt (1951)">Thunderbolt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Roundup_(1951)" title="Operation Roundup (1951)">Roundup</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Twin_Tunnels" title="Battle of the Twin Tunnels">Twin Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hoengsong" title="Battle of Hoengsong">Hoengsong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chipyong-ni" title="Battle of Chipyong-ni">Chipyong-ni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Wonju" title="Third Battle of Wonju">3rd Wonju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chuam-ni" title="Battle of Chuam-ni">Chuam-ni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Wonsan" title="Blockade of Wonsan">Wonsan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Killer" title="Operation Killer">Killer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ripper" title="Operation Ripper"><i>Ripper</i> (4th Seoul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maehwa-san" title="Battle of Maehwa-san">Maehwa-san</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Courageous" title="Operation Courageous">Courageous</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tomahawk" title="Operation Tomahawk">Tomahawk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rugged" title="Operation Rugged">Rugged</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dauntless" title="Operation Dauntless">Dauntless</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_spring_offensive" title="Chinese spring offensive"><b>Spring offensive</b></a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Imjin River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yultong" title="Battle of Yultong">Yultong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kapyong" title="Battle of Kapyong">Kapyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Soyang_River" title="Battle of the Soyang River">Soyang River</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_May%E2%80%93June_1951_counteroffensive" title="UN May–June 1951 counteroffensive">UN May–June 1951 counteroffensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Aerial_warfare" title="Korean War">Air operations</a></i><br /><small>(1950–1953)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MiG_Alley" title="MiG Alley">MiG Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sunchon_(air)" title="Battle of Sunchon (air)">Sunchon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Strangle_(Korean_War)" title="Operation Strangle (Korean War)">Strangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_Sui-ho_Dam" title="Attack on the Sui-ho Dam">Sui-ho Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_North_Korea" title="Bombing of North Korea">Bombing of North Korea 1950–1953</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Naval_warfare" title="Korean War">Naval operations</a></i><br /><small>(1950–1953)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Korea_Strait" title="Battle of Korea Strait">Korea Strait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chumonchin_Chan" title="Battle of Chumonchin Chan">Chumonchin Chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haeju" title="Battle of Haeju">Haeju</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Inchon" title="Battle of Inchon">Inchon</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Wonsan" title="Blockade of Wonsan">Blockade of Wonsan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Battle_of_the_Han_River_(1951)" title="Naval Battle of the Han River (1951)">Han River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Stalemate_(July_1951_–_July_1953)" title="Korean War">Stalemate</a></i><br /><small>(July 1951 – 27 July 1953)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bloody_Ridge" title="Battle of Bloody Ridge">Bloody Ridge</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Minden" title="Operation Minden">Minden</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Punchbowl" title="Battle of the Punchbowl">Punchbowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Heartbreak_Ridge" title="Battle of Heartbreak Ridge">Heartbreak Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Battle_of_the_Han_River_(1951)" title="Naval Battle of the Han River (1951)">Han River</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Commando" title="Operation Commando">Commando</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Maryang-san" title="First Battle of Maryang-san">1st Maryang-san</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haktang-ni" title="Battle of Haktang-ni">Haktang-ni</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Polecharge" title="Operation Polecharge">Polecharge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Maryang-san" title="Second Battle of Maryang-san">2nd Maryang-san</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sunchon_(air)" title="Battle of Sunchon (air)">Sunchon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_Eerie" title="Battle of Hill Eerie">Hill Eerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_Sui-ho_Dam" title="Attack on the Sui-ho Dam">Sui-ho Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Old_Baldy" title="Battle of Old Baldy">Old Baldy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Blaze" title="Operation Blaze">Blaze</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_White_Horse_Hill" title="Battle of White Horse Hill">White Horse Hill</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Triangle_Hill" title="Battle of Triangle Hill">Triangle Hill</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Hook" title="First Battle of the Hook">1st Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Hook" title="Second Battle of the Hook">2nd Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chatkol" title="Battle of Chatkol">Chatkol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_for_Outpost_Vegas" title="Battle for Outpost Vegas">Outpost Vegas</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pork_Chop_Hill" title="Battle of Pork Chop Hill">Pork Chop Hill</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_the_Hook" title="Third Battle of the Hook">3rd Hook</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Outpost_Harry" title="Outpost Harry">Outpost Harry</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kumsong" title="Battle of Kumsong">Kumsong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Samichon_River" title="Battle of the Samichon River">Samichon River</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Korean_Armistice_Agreement" title="Korean Armistice Agreement">Korean Armistice Agreement</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_Korean_War" title="Aftermath of the Korean War">Aftermath</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day_(South_Korea)" title="Memorial Day (South Korea)">Memorial Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War#Casualties" title="Korean War">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Korean_War" title="War crimes in the Korean War">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Korean_War#Abuse_of_prisoners_of_war" title="War crimes in the Korean War">Prisoners of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Armistice_Agreement" title="Korean Armistice Agreement">Armistice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Demilitarized_Zone" title="Korean Demilitarized Zone">DMZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_DMZ_Conflict" title="Korean DMZ Conflict">Korean DMZ Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Limit_Line" title="Northern Limit Line">Northern Limit Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panmunjom_Declaration" title="Panmunjom Declaration">Panmunjom Declaration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Korean_War_in_popular_culture" title="Korean War in popular culture">Popular culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_documentary_films_about_the_Korean_War" title="List of documentary films about the Korean War">Documentary films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_War_films" title="List of Korean War films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_the_Korean_War" title="List of books about the Korean War">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War_reenactment" title="Korean War reenactment">Reenactment</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H" title="M*A*S*H">M*A*S*H</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_War_television_series" title="List of Korean War television series">Television series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="North Korea–South Korea relations">North Korea–South Korea relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_conflict" title="Korean conflict">Korean conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegations_of_biological_warfare_in_the_Korean_War" title="Allegations of biological warfare in the Korean War">Allegations of biological warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_and_British_defectors_in_the_Korean_War" title="List of American and British defectors in the Korean War">American and British defectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_War_flying_aces" title="List of Korean War flying aces">Flying aces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_Korean_War_on_the_economy_of_the_United_States" title="Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States">Impact on the economy of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiG_Alley" title="MiG Alley">MiG Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Blacklist_Forty" title="Operation Blacklist Forty">Operation <i>Blacklist Forty</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Glory" title="Operation Glory">Operation <i>Glory</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Memorial_Cemetery" title="United Nations Memorial Cemetery">United Nations Memorial Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_War_weapons" title="List of Korean War weapons">Weapons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><i>See also:</i></li> <li><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Korean_War" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Korean War">Korean War images</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Cold_War" title="Template:Cold War"><span class="wrap">Cold War</span></a></b><br /></li></ul> <div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/21px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/32px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/42px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:North_Korea" title="Portal:North Korea">North Korea</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/21px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/32px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/42px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:South_Korea" title="Portal:South Korea">South Korea</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Fifties_jukebox.png/11px-Fifties_jukebox.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Fifties_jukebox.png/17px-Fifties_jukebox.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Fifties_jukebox.png/23px-Fifties_jukebox.png 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="493" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:1950s" title="Portal:1950s">1950s</a></li></ul></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Philippines&#124;link=Philippines_Philippine_involvement_in_Korean_War_and_the_Philippine_Expeditionary_Forces_to_Korea" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_involvement_in_Korean_War" title="Template:Philippine involvement in Korean War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Philippine_involvement_in_Korean_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Philippine involvement in Korean War (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_involvement_in_Korean_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine involvement in Korean War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Philippines&#124;link=Philippines_Philippine_involvement_in_Korean_War_and_the_Philippine_Expeditionary_Forces_to_Korea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Philippine involvement in Korean War and the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Expeditionary_Forces_to_Korea" title="Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea">Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable Members of the PEFTOK</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_V._Ramos" title="Fidel V. Ramos">Fidel Ramos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunato_Abat" title="Fortunato Abat">Fortunato Abat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_S._Liwanag" title="Emilio S. Liwanag">Emilio S. Liwanag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles and Military Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tomahawk" title="Operation Tomahawk">Operation Tomahawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bloody_Ridge" title="Battle of Bloody Ridge">Battle of Bloody Ridge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Battle of the Imjin River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yultong" title="Battle of Yultong">Battle of Yultong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Heartbreak_Ridge" title="Battle of Heartbreak Ridge">Battle of Heartbreak Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_Eerie" title="Battle of Hill Eerie">Battle of Hill Eerie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Army" title="Philippine Army">Philippine Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Expeditionary_Forces_to_Korea" title="Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea">Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16170016#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85064506">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007540893505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&oldid=1256095120">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Imjin_River&oldid=1256095120</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_and_operations_of_the_Korean_War_in_1951" title="Category:Battles and operations of the Korean War in 1951">Battles and operations of the Korean War in 1951</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Korean_War_involving_South_Korea" title="Category:Battles of the Korean War involving South Korea">Battles of the Korean War involving South Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Korean_War" title="Category:Battles of the Korean War">Battles of the Korean War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Korean_War_involving_Luxembourg" title="Category:Battles of the Korean War involving Luxembourg">Battles of the Korean War involving Luxembourg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Korean_War_involving_Belgium" title="Category:Battles of the Korean War involving Belgium">Battles of the Korean War involving Belgium</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Korean_War_involving_the_Philippines" title="Category:Battles of the Korean War involving the Philippines">Battles of the Korean War involving the 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