CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '912d6f0e69f0ce11',cH: 'Y48_4yZWkKs8wZ1dI_PJ1Y37b5TCS5sdhdChNnrXFao-1739707819-1.2.1.1-Otm7Pw4d6oJXAmGAVvtgUu64Dv_766rsa7t9xIaus2INjnSkppOe4axRaDIeo_BD',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=slip%20surfaces&__cf_chl_tk=BxPL_2mI25RrMUwV8iYAp_E37sB4uAi5POO857CBy0g-1739707819-1.0.1.1-hOpN.R_lTn2K7kF04WB30F5Vvx6583bodoGn__NfAbU",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739707819',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=slip%20surfaces&__cf_chl_f_tk=BxPL_2mI25RrMUwV8iYAp_E37sB4uAi5POO857CBy0g-1739707819-1.0.1.1-hOpN.R_lTn2K7kF04WB30F5Vvx6583bodoGn__NfAbU",md: "ZcNCrt.s003Mjrm3YdaDdJ1grChZgsic5K0eYjWkiUo-1739707819-1.2.1.1-pNtSM8ttK0tClAgMaVDDoaa9OSXLSjeOvBImtbmIW0kf5WlQzgQ9iNTEaORZngmRR_lhKNCuag60sEWu7jxxEqP2FsaoqIrts412TqS4ManCjB1k1lITvtYql_DlL8f.iT18M1NZQHOTiqG7D6QyC0n3GjojraVAVtj5d6CK4ubyoSOqMW98kBPhv36.IEa4ea9RjBzsj0.KOmnKsLyf8_UCtMCsem8gP8gazZ37NKtMRd.YXmv1QoWR4p4v6v5zx_a29XkmWwzbVj_7h2zyu1ZbcTUYh8j8SB0ayr1Wkra7vObnlUXBDYtd7MjLYTHyVTuZfxL909ExqymZo8QC.gAPGMOfPI_wuLIQptRDGUKdpI3oY7mqe66A8fAvRFSDamgOJkRuju.mRq5SWiSlD8NCPeww5C3lsvr13b9u6ocof2TtO9Nt4wXaJJDP2M78.bE4k6kgtCEsHPJpGQrSJz6OocboLWloCUZ1QBVPQ3XB6dHz3iQ0heu5qvRDuUHtE9atYR3h572pHKCT6yZav4fZaaNbQVQitOU2BwD73YfMAjcfJhTV0G9clQkKGa4wqE9j5wRbwynxjdBG6yDSDIjlswh860bKN6YDNX1xQ_qrn7DAhHA.iVgoPgIvoYF0cwlCYvxpdMOW6DbjcnfYNQjlLe9KqQDrDBr9E022RL3TZH1K1yuZK1fndm2BMPDa6mzZhWACCviZVvl3lKpRWKADPUDSSkOKiE1nonqGZDjpbojMie2r3rkiBHCt6tJGG_a9nzGYur0D3vzx2tAlDXrSuvHYmXlHO6vc53t4El1zi7Ej9MrZXaM7kGmD_WPb.IQknMJmzSjljjZEGb6T7hzN64guncx4fwsqZP4A7Fa03myMKrN20aSGUazN6TuZYQUrMcq6sght1DodT4Z1.526W4Qh8J9yiIQaZZlM6x2f1irOcIVdZUNiuvvpAyy40ZRrBoIcamNN0kiLZrFRbsqIk8Nrp5bhA5m303U2wACj6f_52HFY9pLv7SHIYk9V8p1kmuVS8ApAUdy3izm.yA_xNp7Cp4TdRPhndqTA2bLAQ7QdWZNUqTXeBa2dca5oeTHR1SaoGc6nkYdi_1obNkOJrhZ.OST9t_FW2lUaJ1etDlRLavN8Uy5R.47vclDmTmDM5Iddm.5LE5xssiiMC.J.uKvrJRqstWeMgcXdCQFq6yK7zYDKzjao0kyRjmfkmAEoPG08CfA3tHbSTMpbagf9y6OAJaXvRGPkuIGLiI4EDwRuNLsxPQPib7lapvAQPN44EZSAhdns4WuieWyBblD1s4TX0yK_JCBNA_cihipKXnkhErnPtZJXNJQ7EkqcG7sHoenSXtpzzC6VQNyIOVV2wGCp8DfXwnHr3KHclTADVjqOLYhhg05Bf55LoNEaQETQGzWCxXoMR_8Tgfe.BuR1V0a70onnfhx57VnV5W5gatOAfilj1rhSJiu_NL4fnS5ekrbTlV5N4VFnUtsy24QUfYizPsYE8sQVQDR9VVY2ofrrhu480iVIRyPs0fa9YVKSTFNWdvNTUJyuodraPspntz3jd47JRXh.CXFaxPwZDU8TMXfeB.Wg.q21ieJ_a.gOBgZLXmpcS18965L0ABr_gseNTGOMcIXJAjbhAsA.F_qpob8dRjCAMlAL78EQS7IS6.ADveTtwgZvRajLcMS477qfFq.EZpIfPFGdri.W.BuLT.d.Vl33Xy08d3Phg3yc818e8VtutD8ADpk02U_T.WWMOl2AK7xN7_bjD_2Hwkpt72lkWAz_5rGRFy3wLV0xQrqBHE0fFSdYf2Hf4IKe2i.5J1b40lug8TtmSuCjpoCO47sWsGK9HTeEaf1nU7PzgkwjMDwxF8gBhKy1SKx3ffBb5QRJhT9hh.v.4cyeh.JqWiC14_InlridaBf.jsq5SHMmrfDiCqmFXK1f5kPkxdwpo_9m07xs5bazALQ",mdrd: "MzyZGVL9ddToUcW_IJyiHyknEmHV.ztsjtAN9ZryPTA-1739707819-1.2.1.1-r5ZQkxXD1tm9iHJscWZqmMbGw0EIvL5ih3ZR_hTMxw4S.6pKEDiCXo7e7SpF.8v6Ip1lryoIJU.DYgLHOK2V7lHuWdcEr2VaV3RaYQzestcxQBbDVXsJOGVslI51aVx8F42KRDCt7mWbmlV9wicktRSCSMuNR4aa4rUEIdkY_vLhO33AbOsJW1obtFijoIwlkE1jewTbpNt2_CIU7WmvWH6Gdnz0s_bZvq_9fguP19WQy.NUcJ2_M._lRLmCtBwJBt4MAGgG4EDy_FV4xmB2aPLlCWrXfaJ7nJc.xb1XTo9VmtOTZMhavdX.qLunqEOlgKvr2xBERg60vFD0xU4ujGS3.Z1Dbm6fFNRDtcE5OqHKsLoY7BHRtEuZ34VpYoN0eWJbiToZex2k1hjTGtavArzF.7hqJW6uu0tXB.m_GHGaGyo2alpSWfNH1tJ1ETxbu1YONSxFVvwD5l84cNm8tP590gY5cDkWOste5_0JbYKpBajqblVYedNpBss2s5FMDMpCoOi24UeM.9vax4acJRQPY.wGPJYYxTRWFK4yp17IS2sJl_5dDDKRH7.Y9_oMr15bD4SURCy8DJXxtamX6nsn4ONLLD4sK7kJLjSuA67B70SQd6D8K_m5i5btUz7ADAVggyECG7gVKgSDpjvR6W.jClTTqJx6m6tyESomZkH67w41uSNN9Xrekz2J1PZxejswhHfJXbDpY7Rirq2FYFfrHO5xyM4Hj5jioMEbBReWW8V77rFEaYbV9_jM3EtsS78UDfxenJTGe2D9Ejr.DQsY5vW2prfMyQILkm6n3SgQnNB6CnUIl7NlQVorK2j8S1TFep4puY4ET0q07iSp_o5b73gGgzDcdpwKb29Q_JOwYeObsjfp9zz1cGtCu1favGwIHDy7PItm4sCc4pD9MPEBkPWtDIpNP4sQklpTQda6_trImMVmji07m81vfDIGwAr7v6IfikqNHToYM1PrRhiOUPcGFZ.1kxgZXM.G6YbNnJAkX.8nvCKXRhvVl_Py4kNgTSZs5rs18DxEY4Vn820LIn408VDGr1riRbJrkuzuRzDJbl0VE5AcwlZ3iz5npJcB.aGkDZKuvkF76VxJhcR28VjR0C33ItUq6BMLjYoPsHSESBkUzYa7FcI6pAY9mr6Kn_aF8iEMT3nsLd0MpS8tezL2dQar8V7D7KmozZ.WnLCPrFS9rPaTA1JGI.8Q7XNDiVYM_bPhKuVnDea7AuOahRoDwAZPydh5WfEkhIdYbuZZrfwblVnQApoP1XL.R7tfTfwZUKKTdB6ZvmRm2ZWu8l4ceMY0PAcn7RQtZIyppZ6vTFau.FAWA4UQvlbYr3hUTySt8u02zeiMycGDMfuXSDBBdUvid7go3ccQhLdxCXymzJngslIoGJckvx7PRemMs36x7eTGz0Av0YpzYCE2abqiLYnOvtqpMBqTcKVEv.IgHEiU.6cTqar52VPB0XinjhRm272pw6NxebzJD_wRS3qqIAFxE.D8Y_yoBCArMhy.k3RofYKHRLJgDlgTX5zQCIPhXJW_FqODirJfq0zFqI9ZkX0a28BBGYMjz5VpgzCouL9OxA_Kk874LqX8ds87CahRcaZJQqWWr0RhE8Y_zGrSqDWJVG0NNpvgpoUQ.Uf4tReDRkJRh5dlsd7_31YW3tGhPh3i00UMrCagaU2CdjU0KU4_IyhFoJW.d5M_xYaXpCAFGxrHtZ5siVs3Ol.vMrttdabI3N95XjvQDdVDtoDtf6QPVLOIJYE8UMyxh7_4IceG2j32lSDWx3OKoyVacxVelioHdPWcUD2aTbPte7FAGIRGCRuOX8pyDbvjUOCAafw1xwSd2XhFGsBg1WqUjgCRVB1aq4w2zbPMT1VwPRdeNO1ot3LyoYAUm6oN3Cyt8eeFQ2uObP9RpO0aPVDo0uuLYUdKT.BrANPF492KTTxEaaEY894J29ZmX_wMK6STUkK6h2hpD2vPw0jp"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=912d6f0e69f0ce11';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=slip%20surfaces&__cf_chl_rt_tk=BxPL_2mI25RrMUwV8iYAp_E37sB4uAi5POO857CBy0g-1739707819-1.0.1.1-hOpN.R_lTn2K7kF04WB30F5Vvx6583bodoGn__NfAbU" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>