Understanding POPs

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Informed Consent Regulation administers the import and export of certain hazardous chemicals and places obligations on companies who wish to export these chemicals to non-EU countries.</p> <ul> <li><a href="/regulations/prior-informed-consent/list-chemicals">Understanding PIC</a></li> <li><a href="/regulations/prior-informed-consent/legislation">Legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/regulations/prior-informed-consent/export-notification-procedure">Export notification procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/regulations/prior-informed-consent/explicit-consent-requirement">Explicit consent requirement</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div class="MMCol MMCol-6"> <p class="MMHeading MMReg MMPIC">lists of Chemicals subject to pic </p> <ul> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/pic/chemicals">Chemicals subject to PIC</a></li> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/pic/export-notifications">Export notifications</a></li> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/pic/import-notifications">Import 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<li><a href="/understanding-pops">Understanding POPs</a></li> <li><a href="/proposals-for-new-pops">Proposals for new POPs</a></li> <li><a href="/pops-legislation">POPs legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/planning-and-reporting">Planning and reporting</a></li> <li><a href="/regulations/enforcement" target="_self">Enforcement</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div class="MMCol MMCol-6"> <p class="MMHeading MMReg MMOTHER">Substance lists</p> <ul> <li><a href="/list-of-substances-subject-to-pops-regulation" title="List of substances subject to the POPs Regulation">List of substances subject to the POPs Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/list-of-substances-proposed-as-pops" title="List of substances proposed as POPs">List of substances proposed as POPs</a></li> </ul>   <div class="HighlightedLink"><a href="/euclef"><img alt="EUCLEF" src="/documents/10162/24132/magnifier_sm/e06259a2-e46c-46db-afc1-086f66bc9588?t=1322245350109" /> EUCLEF<span class="fieldNameHasTooltip" title="EU Chemicals Legislation Finder (EUCLEF): find information on other EU chemicals legislation"><img src="/documents/10162/761690/help_icon.png/5c0ab030-a176-6e24-1b97-666a5ad14a58?t=1582532352184" style="position: relative; float: right; margin: -5px 5px 0 0" /></span></a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="LegCAD/CMRD (OELs)" href="/cad-cmd"> <strong>CAD/CMRD (OELs)</strong> <span>Chemical Agents Directive and Carcinogens or Mutagens Directive</span> </a> <div class="MegaMenu"> <div class="MMCol MMCol-6"> <p class="MMDescription">Occupational exposure limit (OEL) values are derived within two legal frameworks that form an integral part of the EU’s mechanism for protecting the health of workers.</p> </div>  <div class="MMCol MMCol-6"> <p class="MMHeading">CAD/CMD</p> <ul> <li><a href="/understanding-cad-and-cmd">Understanding CAD and CMD</a></li> <li><a href="/oel">Occupational exposure limits</a></li> <li><a href="/cad-and-cmd-legislation">Legislation</a></li> </ul>   <div class="HighlightedLink"><a href="/euclef"><img alt="EUCLEF" src="/documents/10162/24132/magnifier_sm/e06259a2-e46c-46db-afc1-086f66bc9588?t=1322245350109" /> EUCLEF<span class="fieldNameHasTooltip" title="EU Chemicals Legislation Finder (EUCLEF): find information on other EU chemicals legislation"><img src="/documents/10162/761690/help_icon.png/5c0ab030-a176-6e24-1b97-666a5ad14a58?t=1582532352184" style="position: relative; float: right; margin: -5px 5px 0 0" /></span></a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="LegWFD" href="/waste"> <strong>WFD</strong> <span>Waste Framework Directive</span> </a> <div class="MegaMenu"> <div class="MMCol MMCol-6"> <p class="MMDescription">The <strong>Waste Framework Directive</strong> aims to protect the environment and human health from the generation and management of waste and to improve efficient use of resources.</p> <p class="clear-footer"> </p> <p><img alt="SCIP" 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src="/documents/10162/24132/magnifier_sm.png/e06259a2-e46c-46db-afc1-086f66bc9588?t=1322252550109" /> EUCLEF<span class="fieldNameHasTooltip" title="EU Chemicals Legislation Finder (EUCLEF): find information on other EU chemicals legislation"><img src="/documents/10162/761690/help_icon.png/5c0ab030-a176-6e24-1b97-666a5ad14a58?t=1582539552184" style="position: relative; float: right; margin: -5px 5px 0 0" /></span></a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="LegDWD" href="/dwd"> <strong>DWD</strong> <span>Drinking Water Directive</span> </a> <div class="MegaMenu"> <div class="MMCol MMCol-6"> <p class="MMHeading"> </p> <p class="MMDescription">The revised Drinking Water Directive aims to protect citizens and the environment from the harmful effects of contaminated drinking water and to improve access to drinking water.</p>   <p> </p> </div>  <div class="MMCol MMCol-6"> <p class="MMHeading">DWD</p> <ul> <li><a href="/understanding-dwd">Understanding DWD</a></li> <li><a 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It covers their hazardous properties, classification and labelling, and information on how to use them safely.</p> <p class="MMHeading MMReg MMREACH">REACH</p> <ul> <li><a href="/regulations/reach/registration/registration-statistics" title="Registration statistics">Registration statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/registered-substances" title="Registered substances">Registered substances</a></li> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/ec-inventory" title="EC Inventory">EC Inventory</a></li> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/dossier-evaluation-status" title="Dossier Evaluation status">Dossier Evaluation status</a></li> <li><a href="/pact" title="PACT - Public Activities Coordination Tool">PACT - Public Activities Coordination Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/evaluation/community-rolling-action-plan/corap-table" title="Substance Evaluation - CoRAP">Substance Evaluation - CoRAP</a></li> <li><a href="/information-on-chemicals/candidate-list-substances-in-articles-table" title="Information on Candidate List substances in articles">Information on Candidate List substances in articles</a></li> <li><a href="/substances-restricted-under-reach" title="Substances restricted under REACH">Substances restricted under REACH</a></li> <li><a href="/recommendations-for-inclusion-in-the-authorisation-list">Recommendations for inclusion in the Authorisation List</a></li> <li><a href="/authorisation-list" title="Authorisation List">Authorisation List</a></li> <li><a href="/candidate-list-table" title="Candidate List of substances of very high concern for Authorisation">Candidate List of substances of very high concern for Authorisation</a></li> <li><a href="/registry-of-restriction-intentions" title="Registry of restriction intentions">Registry of restriction intentions until outcome</a></li> <li><a href="/registry-of-svhc-intentions" title="Registry of SVHC intentions">Registry of SVHC 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class="MMHeading">opinions and agreements</p> <ul> <li><a href="/registry-of-restriction-intentions" title="RAC and SEAC opinions on restriction proposals">Restriction (RAC ad SEAC) </a></li> <li><a href="/applications-for-authorisation-previous-consultations" title="RAC and SEAC opinions on applications for authorisation">Authorisation of use of SVHC </a><br /> <a href="/applications-for-authorisation-previous-consultations" title="RAC and SEAC opinions on applications for authorisation">(RAC and SEAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/identification-of-svhc" title="MSC agreements on identification of SVHCs ">SVHC identification (MSC) </a></li> <li><a href="/role-of-the-member-state-committee-in-the-authorisation-process" title="MSC opinions on ECHA's draft recommendations for the Authorisation List ">Draft recommendation (MSC) </a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/who-we-are/member-state-committee/opinions-on-draft-corap" title="MSC opinions on ECHA’s draft CoRAP updates ">Draft CoRAP update (MSC) </a></li> <li><a href="/opinions-of-the-committee-for-risk-assessment-on-proposals-for-harmonised-classification-and-labelling" title="RAC opinions on proposals for harmonised classification and labelling ">Harmonised classification and labelling (RAC) </a></li> <li><a href="/regulations/biocidal-products-regulation/approval-of-active-substances/bpc-opinions-on-active-substance-approval" title="BPC opinions on active substance approval">Active substance approval (BPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/bpc-opinions-on-union-authorisation" title="BPC opinions on Union authorisation">Union Authorisation (BPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/oels-activity-list" title="RAC opinions on occupational exposure limits">OEL (RAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/who-we-are/committee-for-risk-assessment/opinions-of-the-rac-adopted-under-specific-echa-s-executive-director-requests" title="RAC opinions under specific ECHA's Executive Director requests">Executive Director request (RAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/opinions-of-the-seac-adopted-under-specific-echa-s-executive-director-requests" title="SEAC opinions under specific ECHA's Executive Director requests">Executive Director request (SEAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/who-we-are/member-state-committee/opinions-of-the-msc-adopted-under-specific-echa-s-executive-director-requests" title="MSC opinions under specific ECHA's Executive Director requests">Executive Director request (MSC)</a></li> </ul> </div> <p class="MMAll"><a href="/information-on-chemicals" title="View all">View all</a></p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="OtherNavItem"> <a class="SiteNav" href="/support"> <span class="VAlignMiddle">Support</span> </a> <div class="MegaMenu"> <div class="MMCol MMCol-4"> <p class="MMDescription">The Support section provides tools and practical guidance to companies which have responsibilities under the EU chemicals legislation.</p> <p class="MMHeading MMReg MMREACH">REACH</p> <ul> <li><a 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<div style="clear:both;"></div> <h2 class="hide-accessible" role="heading" aria-level="1">Understanding POPs</h2> <div class="echa-columns-3" id="main-content" role="main"> <div class="TRow portlet-layout"> <div class="TCol-3 tpl-w204 portlet-column portlet-column-first" id="column-1"> <div class="portlet-dropzone portlet-column-content portlet-column-content-first" id="layout-column_column-1"> <div class="portlet-boundary portlet-boundary_com_liferay_site_navigation_site_map_web_portlet_SiteNavigationSiteMapPortlet_ portlet-static portlet-static-end portlet-barebone portlet-site-map " id="p_p_id_com_liferay_site_navigation_site_map_web_portlet_SiteNavigationSiteMapPortlet_INSTANCE_6l0O_"> <span id="p_com_liferay_site_navigation_site_map_web_portlet_SiteNavigationSiteMapPortlet_INSTANCE_6l0O"></span> <section class="portlet" id="portlet_com_liferay_site_navigation_site_map_web_portlet_SiteNavigationSiteMapPortlet_INSTANCE_6l0O"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class=" portlet-content-container"> <div class="portlet-body"> <div class="box-navigation"> <ul class="Menu"> <li class="Expanded"> <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/pops" class="root"> POPs </a> <ul> <li class="Selected Expanded"> <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/understanding-pops" class="current"> Understanding POPs </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/proposals-for-new-pops"> Proposals for new POPs </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-pops-consultations"> Information on consultations </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/pops-legislation"> Legislation </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/planning-and-reporting"> Planning and reporting </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/enforcement/pops"> Enforcement </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="TCol-6 tpl-w528 portlet-column MainContent" id="column-2"> <h2 class="page-title"> <span>Understanding POPs</span> </h2> <div class="portlet-dropzone portlet-column-content" id="layout-column_column-2"> <div class="portlet-boundary portlet-boundary_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_ portlet-static portlet-static-end portlet-barebone portlet-journal-content " id="p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_T88x_"> <span id="p_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_T88x"></span> <section class="portlet" id="portlet_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_T88x"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class="autofit-float autofit-row portlet-header"> <div class="autofit-col autofit-col-end"> <div class="autofit-section"> <div class="visible-interaction"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" portlet-content-container"> <div class="portlet-body"> <div class="" data-fragments-editor-item-id="10087-5951504" data-fragments-editor-item-type="fragments-editor-mapped-item" > <div class="journal-content-article " data-analytics-asset-id="5951502" data-analytics-asset-title="Understanding POPs" data-analytics-asset-type="web-content"> <p>Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic substances that persist in the environment, accumulate in living organisms and pose a risk to our health and the environment. They can be transported by air, water or migratory species across international borders, reaching regions where they have never been produced or used. International risk management is necessary as no region can manage the risks posed by these substances alone.</p> <h3>How do POPs work?</h3> <p>POPs are regulated worldwide by the Stockholm Convention and the Aarhus Protocol. These international treaties are implemented in the European Union by the POPs Regulation</p> <p>The POPs Regulation aims to protect human health and the environment with specific control measures that:</p> <ul> <li><span style="line-height: 1.4;">prohibit or severely restrict the production, placing on the market and use of POPs;</span></li> <li><span style="line-height: 1.4;">minimise the environmental release of POPs that are formed as industrial by-products;</span></li> <li><span style="line-height: 1.4;">make sure that stockpiles of restricted POPs are safely managed; and</span></li> <li><span style="line-height: 1.4;">ensure the environmentally sound disposal of waste consisting of, or contaminated by POPs.</span></li> </ul> <p>Chemical substances that have been identified as POPs include:</p> <ul> <li><span style="line-height: 1.4;">pesticides (such as DDT);</span></li> <li><span style="line-height: 1.4;">industrial chemicals (such as polychlorinated biphenyls, which were widely used in electrical equipment); or</span></li> <li><span style="line-height: 1.4;">unintentional by-products formed during industrial processes, degradation or combustion (such as dioxins and furans).</span></li> </ul> <p>Under the POPs Regulation, ECHA helps to identify and propose new POPs from the EU to the Stockholm Convention. Information from Member States implementing the regulation is received and processed by the Agency and compiled into a Union overview. ECHA also supports in identifying the necessary future actions of the EU for the POPs Union Implementation Plan.</p> <p>ECHA’s Enforcement Forum coordinates a network of Member State authorities that are also responsible for enforcing the regulation.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="portlet-boundary portlet-boundary_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_ portlet-static portlet-static-end portlet-borderless portlet-journal-content " id="p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_MTb8Ye5jR9qH_"> <span id="p_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_MTb8Ye5jR9qH"></span> <section class="portlet" id="portlet_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_MTb8Ye5jR9qH"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class="autofit-float autofit-row portlet-header"> <div class="autofit-col autofit-col-expand"> <h1 class="portlet-title"> <span class="portlet-title-text">note on implementation of art4(2) of the pops regulation</span> </h1> </div> <div class="autofit-col autofit-col-end"> <div class="autofit-section"> <div class="visible-interaction"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" portlet-content-container"> <div class="portlet-body"> <div class="" data-fragments-editor-item-id="10087-93951521" data-fragments-editor-item-type="fragments-editor-mapped-item" > <div class="journal-content-article " data-analytics-asset-id="96668267" data-analytics-asset-title="note on implementation of art4(2) of the pops regulation" data-analytics-asset-type="web-content"> <h3>Article 4(2) of the POPs Regulation</h3> <p>Article 4(2) of the POPs Regulation defines certain exemptions, which allow the placing on the market and use of articles that contain POP substances when these articles were produced or already in use by the date that the POPs Regulation became applicable to the substance contained in the articles.</p> <p>More information concerning the exemptions in Article 4(2) is available in the following document: <a href="/documents/10162/6956102/pop_ca_06-24_13-implementation_article_4-2_en.pdf/587278b3-4248-629b-a715-ec3ef074afd4?t=1728375467358" target="_blank">Note on article 4(2) </a><span class="comment">[PDF]</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="portlet-boundary portlet-boundary_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_ portlet-static portlet-static-end portlet-barebone portlet-journal-content " id="p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_bY1s_"> <span id="p_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_bY1s"></span> <section class="portlet" id="portlet_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_bY1s"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class="autofit-float autofit-row portlet-header"> <div class="autofit-col autofit-col-end"> <div class="autofit-section"> <div class="visible-interaction"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" portlet-content-container"> <div class="portlet-body"> <div class="" data-fragments-editor-item-id="10087-5952606" data-fragments-editor-item-type="fragments-editor-mapped-item" > <div class="journal-content-article " data-analytics-asset-id="5952604" data-analytics-asset-title="Understanding POPs - related" data-analytics-asset-type="web-content"> <div class="Related"> <div class="RelatedTitle">Related</div>  <ul> <li style="arrow-list"><a href="https://echa.europa.eu/about-us/who-we-are/enforcement-forum" target="_self">Enforcement Forum</a></li> <li><a href="https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/prior-informed-consent/understanding-pic" target="_self">Prior Informed Consent Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="https://newsletter.echa.europa.eu/home/-/newsletter/entry/persistent-organic-pollutants-a-new-family-of-substances-for-echa" target="_blank">ECHA newsletter: Persistent organic pollutants – a new family of substances for ECHA </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="TCol-9 tpl-w204 portlet-column portlet-column-last" id="column-4"> </div> </div> <div class="TCol-3 tpl-w204 portlet-column" id="column-3"> <div class="SideBar"> <div class="portlet-dropzone portlet-column-content portlet-column-content-last" id="layout-column_column-3"> <div class="portlet-boundary portlet-boundary_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_ portlet-static portlet-static-end portlet-barebone portlet-journal-content " id="p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_Yt0Crbem3Xjd_"> <span id="p_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_Yt0Crbem3Xjd"></span> <section class="portlet" id="portlet_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_Yt0Crbem3Xjd"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class="autofit-float autofit-row portlet-header"> <div class="autofit-col autofit-col-end"> <div class="autofit-section"> <div class="visible-interaction"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" portlet-content-container"> <div class="portlet-body"> <div class="" data-fragments-editor-item-id="10087-9079810" data-fragments-editor-item-type="fragments-editor-mapped-item" > <div class="journal-content-article " data-analytics-asset-id="9079808" data-analytics-asset-title="Content pages - 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POPs" data-analytics-asset-type="web-content"> <p class="clear-header"> </p> <div class="img-width-100"> <h3>Regulations</h3> <div class="Img"><img alt="Image" src="/documents/10162/24133/auctionHammer_lg.png/874e7c08-f488-4e68-9c82-1b6f7153b9c0" style="width: 64px; height: 64px; " /></div> <div class="Content"> <div class="plain_link_list"> <ul> <li><a href="https://echa.europa.eu/pops-legislation">Persistent Organic Pollutants Regulation</a><br /> <br /> Regulation (EU) 2019/1021</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <p class="clear-footer"> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="portlet-boundary portlet-boundary_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_ portlet-static portlet-static-end portlet-barebone portlet-journal-content " id="p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_fDR8w23HOasu_"> <span id="p_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_fDR8w23HOasu"></span> <section class="portlet" id="portlet_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_fDR8w23HOasu"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class="autofit-float autofit-row portlet-header"> <div class="autofit-col autofit-col-end"> <div class="autofit-section"> <div class="visible-interaction"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" portlet-content-container"> <div class="portlet-body"> <div class="" data-fragments-editor-item-id="10087-5954308" data-fragments-editor-item-type="fragments-editor-mapped-item" > <div class="journal-content-article " data-analytics-asset-id="5954306" data-analytics-asset-title="Lists box - POPs" data-analytics-asset-type="web-content"> <p class="clear-header"> </p> <div class="img-width-100"> <h3>Lists</h3> <div class="Img"><img alt="Image" src="/documents/10162/24133/list_lg.png/c74e4e57-eb0a-40f2-a385-1d2680d920a9" style="width: 55px; height: 60px; " /></div> <div class="Content"> <div class="plain_link_list"> <ul> <li><a href="/list-of-substances-subject-to-pops-regulation" target="_self">List of substances subject to the POPs Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/list-of-substances-proposed-as-pops" target="_self">List of substances proposed as POPs</a></li> <li><a href="http://chm.pops.int/TheConvention/ThePOPs/AllPOPs/tabid/2509/Default.aspx" target="_blank">Stockholm Convention: all listed POPs</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <p class="clear-footer"> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="portlet-boundary portlet-boundary_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_ portlet-static portlet-static-end portlet-barebone portlet-journal-content " id="p_p_id_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_Fo7Y_"> <span id="p_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_Fo7Y"></span> <section class="portlet" id="portlet_com_liferay_journal_content_web_portlet_JournalContentPortlet_INSTANCE_Fo7Y"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class="autofit-float autofit-row portlet-header"> <div class="autofit-col autofit-col-end"> <div class="autofit-section"> <div class="visible-interaction"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" portlet-content-container"> <div class="portlet-body"> <div class="" data-fragments-editor-item-id="10087-5952707" data-fragments-editor-item-type="fragments-editor-mapped-item" > <div class="journal-content-article " data-analytics-asset-id="5952705" data-analytics-asset-title="See also - understanding POPs" data-analytics-asset-type="web-content"> <div class="img-width-100"> <h3>See also</h3> <div class="Img"><img alt="Image" src="/documents/10162/24133/info_lg.png/012e28f7-6d17-4b13-96d9-716367bc4b8e" style="width: 55px; height: 55px; " /></div> <div class="Content" style="padding:0px;"> <div class="plain_link_list"> <ul> <li><a href="http://chm.pops.int/" target="_blank"">Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.unece.org/env/lrtap/pops_h1.html" target="_blank">Aarhus Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants</a></li> <li><a href="http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/international_conventions/index_en.htm" target="_blank">European Commission: Persistent Organic Pollutants</a> <p> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <p class="clear-footer"> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <form action="#" class="hide" id="hrefFm" method="post" name="hrefFm" aria-hidden="true"><span></span><button hidden type="submit"/>Hidden</button></form> </div> </div> <footer id="Footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="TContainer"> <div class="Logo"> <a href="/home" title="ECHA website homepage"> <img src="https://echa.europa.eu/o/echa-revamp-theme/images/gui/echa_logo.png" alt="ECHA"> </a> <div class="address"> <address>Telakkakatu 6, P.O. 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Please upgrade your Internet Explorer to a newer version.</p> <p> <button class="btn CloseSiteMessage btn-primary btn-default" id="explorerOutdatedWarningCloseButton" name="explorerOutdatedWarningCloseButton" onClick="closeWarningMessage(); return false;" type="submit" > <span class="lfr-btn-label">Close</span> </button> <label> <input type="checkbox" name="toggleExplorerOutdatedWarningCheckbox" id="toggleExplorerOutdatedWarningCheckbox" class="aui-field-input aui-field-input-choice" checked="checked"> Do not show this message again </label> </p> </div> <div class="SiteMessage SiteMessageCookies" id="CookieNotification" style="display:none;"> <p>This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our websites.</p> <p> <button class="btn CloseSiteMessage btn-primary btn-default" id="ktxe" onClick="setNotificationCookie();" type="submit" > <span class="lfr-btn-label">Close</span> </button> Find out more on <a href="http://www.echa.europa.eu/legal-notice#cookies">how we use cookies.</a> </p> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ AUI().use('cookie', function(A) {(function() {var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; AUI().ready( function() { initializeCookieNotification(); initializeExplorerWarning(); } ); setNotificationCookie = function() { setCustomCookie("CookieNotification","echa_cookie","/","30"); $("#CookieNotification").slideUp(); } function initializeExplorerWarning() { var explorerOutdatedWarningDiv = A.one('.explorer-outdated-warning'); var version = getExplorerVersion(); if((version<=7) && (getCustomCookieValue("ECHAIExplorerWarning")!="suppressed")){ explorerOutdatedWarningDiv.setStyle('display','block'); } } function getExplorerVersion() { var nAgt = navigator.userAgent; var nameOffset, verOffset, version; nameOffset = nAgt.indexOf("MSIE"); if(nameOffset!=-1){ verOffset= nameOffset+5; return parseInt(nAgt.substring(verOffset).split(";")[0],10); } } function initializeCookieNotification() { var cookieNotificationDiv = A.one('#CookieNotification'); if (getCustomCookieValue("CookieNotification") !='echa_cookie'){ cookieNotificationDiv.setStyle('display', 'block'); } else{ cookieNotificationDiv.setStyle('display', 'none'); } } closeWarningMessage = function() { var toggleChecked = AUI().one("#toggleExplorerOutdatedWarningCheckbox").get('checked'); $(".explorer-outdated-warning").slideUp(); if (toggleChecked) { document.cookie="ECHAIExplorerWarning=suppressed;path=/"; } } closeTranslationMessage = function() { var toggleChecked = AUI().one("#toggleTranslationMessageCheckbox").get('checked'); $(".translation-notice").slideUp(); if (toggleChecked) { AUI().use("aui-base", "aui-io-request", function(A) { A.io.request( themeDisplay.getPathMain() + '/portal/session_attribute/set', { data: { 'disableTranslationNotice': toggleChecked }, dataType: 'JSON' } ) }); } } $(document).ready(function() { var siteMessages = A.one('#SiteMessages'); AUI().one('body').prepend(siteMessages); siteMessages.setStyle('display', 'block'); }); function initImagePanning(){ (function ($) { "use strict"; $.fn.imagePanning = function () { var $mainBanner, mainBanner, $map, $image, $mapCenterContainer, $spots, init, moveMouseEnabled, isTouch, speed, //animation/tween speed switchToMobile, autoHotspotPositionScreen, dest, lastDest, map, mapCenterContainer, $this, mapImageContainer, imgH, imgW, mapOffset, offsetTop, $this = this, mapImageContainer = this.get(0), _init = function(){ $mainBanner = $('#main-banner'); $map = $('.map'); $image = $('.map-image', $map); $mapCenterContainer = $(".map-center-container", $map); $spots = $(".js-spot"); init = "center"; moveMouseEnabled = true; isTouch = Modernizr.touchevents ? true : false; speed = isTouch ? 1000 : 1400; //animation/tween speed switchToMobile = 1200; autoHotspotPositionScreen = 479; map = $map.get(0); mainBanner = $mainBanner.get(0); mapCenterContainer = $mapCenterContainer.get(0); _update(); }, _update = function(){ imgH = $image.outerHeight(true); imgW = $image.outerWidth(true); offsetTop = $map.offset().top; mapOffset = $map.offset(); }, //custom js tween _tweenTo = function (el, prop, to, duration, easing, overwrite) { if(!el._mTween) {el._mTween = {top:{}, left:{} }; } var startTime = _getTime(), _delay, progress = 0, from = el.offsetTop, elStyle = el.style, _request, tobj = el._mTween[prop]; if(prop === "left"){ from = el.offsetLeft; } var diff = to - from; if(overwrite !== "none"){ _cancelTween(); } _startTween(); function _step() { if(!dest) return; progress = _getTime() - startTime; _tween(); if(progress >= tobj.time){ tobj.time = (progress > tobj.time) ? progress + _delay - (progress - tobj.time) : progress + _delay - 1; if(tobj.time < progress + 1){tobj.time = progress + 1; } } if(tobj.time < duration){tobj.id = _request(_step); } } function _tween() { if(duration > 0){ tobj.currVal = _ease(tobj.time,from,diff,duration,easing); elStyle[prop] = Math.round(tobj.currVal) + "px"; }else{ elStyle[prop] = to + "px"; } } function _startTween(){ _delay = 1000 / 60; tobj.time = progress + _delay; _request = (!window.requestAnimationFrame) ? function(f){_tween(); return setTimeout(f,0.01);} : window.requestAnimationFrame; tobj.id = _request(_step); } function _cancelTween() { if(tobj.id == null) { return; } if(!window.requestAnimationFrame) { clearTimeout(tobj.id); } else { window.cancelAnimationFrame(tobj.id);} tobj.id = null; } function _ease(t, b, c, d, type) { var ts = (t /= d) * t, tc = ts * t; return b + c * (0.499999999999997 * tc * ts + -2.5 * ts * ts + 5.5 * tc + -6.5 * ts + 4 * t); } function _getTime(){ if(window.performance && window.performance.now){ return window.performance.now(); }else{ if(window.performance && window.performance.webkitNow){ return window.performance.webkitNow(); }else{ if(Date.now){return Date.now(); } else {return new Date().getTime(); } } } } }, _initHotSpots = function(){ var content, direction, position, mHeight, mWidth, contentSize = {}; function setSpotContentPosition(element){ var $content, self, elOffset = {}; $content = element.find('.hot-spot-article'); if($content.length < 1) return; direction = ''; content = $content.get(0); self = element.get(0); contentSize.width = $content.width(); contentSize.height = $content.height(); mHeight = $map.height(); mWidth = $map.width(); elOffset = element.offset(); position = element.position(); if ((elOffset.top - mapOffset.top) > (mHeight / 2) ){ setVerticalDirection('toBottom'); } else{ setVerticalDirection('toTop'); } if (elOffset.left > (mWidth / 2)){ // too close to the right side of the screen on mobile if(mWidth < autoHotspotPositionScreen && position.left < contentSize.width){ setHorizontalDirection('toLeft'); }else{ setHorizontalDirection('toRight'); } }else{ // too close to the left side of the screen on mobile if(mWidth < autoHotspotPositionScreen && (imgW - mWidth) < position.left){ setHorizontalDirection('toRight'); }else{ setHorizontalDirection('toLeft'); } } if($(window).width() < autoHotspotPositionScreen){ setPosition(direction, position, elOffset, contentSize); } } function setVerticalDirection(side){ if(side === 'toTop'){ content.style.bottom = null; content.style.top = mHeight - position.top > contentSize.height + 15 ? "50%" : "-" + ( contentSize.height + 15 - (mHeight - position.top)) + 'px'; direction += 'top'; }else{ content.style.top = null; content.style.bottom = position.top > contentSize.height + 15 ? "50%" : "-" + (contentSize.height + 15 - position.top) + 'px'; direction += 'bottom'; } } function setHorizontalDirection(side){ if(side === 'toRight'){ content.style.left = null; content.style.right = "50%"; direction += '##right'; }else{ content.style.right = null; content.style.left = "50%"; direction += '##left'; } } function setPosition(direction, position, offsets, contentSize){ var contH = $map.height(), contW = $map.width(), imgH = $image.outerHeight(true), imgW = $image.outerWidth(true), x, y, moveX, moveY; if(~direction.indexOf('top')){ moveY = Math.round((imgH - contH) * (position.top / contH)) + 15; y = (moveY) < imgH - contH ? moveY : imgH - contH; }else{ moveY = Math.round((imgH - contH) * (position.top / contH)) - contentSize.height - (contH - offsets.top - $map.offset().top); y = (moveY) > 0 ? moveY : 0; } if(~direction.indexOf('left')){ x = position.left > 0 ? position.left : 0; }else{ moveX = position.left - contentSize.width ; x = moveX <= imgW - contW ? moveX : imgW - contW; } dest = [y,x]; } function setPositionAbsoluteCSS (el, x, y){ el.style.top = y+"%"; el.style.left = x+"%"; } function isNumber (n) { return !isNaN(parseFloat(n)) && isFinite(n); } $spots.each(function(i, element) { var $el = $(element), spotX, spotY; spotX = element.getAttribute('data-x'); spotY = element.getAttribute('data-y'); if((isNumber(spotX) && spotX < 100) && (isNumber(spotY) && spotY < 100)){ setPositionAbsoluteCSS(element, spotX, spotY); element.className += " visible"; $el.on("click",function(e){ var $this = $(this), $parent = $this.parent(); if($parent.hasClass('opened')) return; $parent.addClass('opened').siblings().removeClass('opened'); setSpotContentPosition($this); }); } }); }, _initCenterContainer = function(){ var topCSS = parseInt($this.css('top'),10), leftCSS = parseInt($this.css('left'),10), title = $('.map-title-container').get(0), scroller = $('.js-scroll-bottom').get(0), ww = $(document).width(); mapCenterContainer.style.top = Math.abs(topCSS) +'px'; mapCenterContainer.style.left = Math.abs(leftCSS) +'px'; mapCenterContainer.style.width = ww + 'px'; if(!title.classList.contains('visible')) title.className += ' visible'; if(!scroller.classList.contains('visible')) scroller.className += ' visible'; }, _centralize = function(){ var imgCont = $this.get(0), contH = $map.height(), contW = $map.width(); dest=[Math.round((imgH-contH)*(contH/2/contH)),Math.round((imgW-contW)*(contW/2/contW))]; imgCont.style.top = '-'+dest[0]+'px'; imgCont.style.left = '-'+dest[1]+'px'; dest = null; }, _setAspectRatio = function(windowW, windowH){ var currImgW = $image.get(0).naturalWidth, currImgH = $image.get(0).naturalHeight, ww = (windowW) ? windowW : $(window).width(), wh = (windowH) ? windowH : $(window).height(), windowRatio = ww / (wh - mapOffset.top), imageRatio = currImgW / currImgH, screenMode = (windowRatio < imageRatio) ? 'vertical' : 'horizontal', width, height; if(screenMode === 'vertical'){ height = wh - mapOffset.top, width = getImgAspectRation(currImgW, currImgH, null, height); mapImageContainer.classList.remove('vertical-fit', 'horizontal-fit'); mapImageContainer.className += ' vertical-fit'; mainBanner.style.height = height + 'px'; }else{ width = ww, height = getImgAspectRation(currImgW, currImgH, width, null); mapImageContainer.classList.remove('vertical-fit', 'horizontal-fit'); mapImageContainer.className += ' horizontal-fit'; mainBanner.style.height = wh - mapOffset.top + 'px'; } imgH = height; imgW = width; mapImageContainer.style.width = width + 'px'; mapImageContainer.style.height = height + 'px'; function getImgAspectRation(imageWidth, imageHeight, width, height){ if(width) return Math.round(width * imageHeight / imageWidth); else return Math.round(height * imageWidth / imageHeight); } }, _loadImage = function(){ //image loaded fn $image.one("load",function(){ _setAspectRatio(); setTimeout(function(){ $mainBanner.addClass("loaded"); _centralize(); },1); setTimeout(function(){ _initCenterContainer(); _initHotSpots(); moveMouseEnabled = true; },300); }).each(function(){ //run load fn even if cached if(this.complete) $(this).load(); }); }; return this.each(function(i, el){ _init(); var timer, resizeTimeout, contH, contW, imgW, imgH, $map, isPointer, evt, coords, imgCont, mapOffset = $('.map').offset().top, img = $image.get(0), touchmoved=false, mapImageCont = this, prevPage = { y: 0, x: 0 }, ww = $(window).width(), wh = $(window).height() - mapOffset; if($this.data("imagePanning")) return; this.resize = function(){ _update(); _setAspectRatio(); _centralize(); _initCenterContainer(); } _loadImage(); $this.data("imagePanning",1) //panning fn .parent().on('mousemove',function(e,p){ if(!moveMouseEnabled) return; var cont = $(this); e.preventDefault(); contH = cont.height(), contW = cont.width(), imgH = $image.outerHeight(true), imgW = $image.outerWidth(true), isTouch = e.type.indexOf("touch") !== -1, isPointer = e.type.indexOf("pointer") !== -1, evt = isPointer ? e.originalEvent : isTouch ? e.originalEvent.touches[0] || e.originalEvent.changedTouches[0] : e; moveMouseEnabled = !p ? true : false; coords=[ !p ? evt.pageY - cont.offset().top : init === "center" ? contH / 2 : 0, !p ? evt.pageX - cont.offset().left : init === "center" ? contW / 2 : 0 ]; dest = [Math.round((imgH - cont.height()) * (coords[0] / cont.height())),Math.round((imgW - cont.width()) * (coords[1] / cont.width()))]; }) .on('touchmove',function(e,p){ if(!moveMouseEnabled) return; var cont = $(this); e.preventDefault(); contH = cont.height(), contW = cont.width(), imgH = $image.outerHeight(true), imgW = $image.outerWidth(true), isTouch = e.type.indexOf("touch") !== -1, isPointer = e.type.indexOf("pointer") !== -1, evt = isPointer ? e.originalEvent : isTouch ? e.originalEvent.touches[0] || e.originalEvent.changedTouches[0] : e; moveMouseEnabled = !p ? true : false; if(!dest){ dest = [Math.round((imgH - contH) * (contH / 2 / contH)), Math.round((imgW - contW) * (contW / 2 / contW))]; } if(!touchmoved) return; var contOffset = cont.offset(), maxW = imgW-cont.width(), maxH = imgH-cont.height(), topOffset = cont.offset().top, pageX = evt.pageX - contOffset.left, pageY = evt.pageY - contOffset.top, windowW = $(window).width(), windowH = $(window).height(); if(pageX < cont.width() && pageX > 0){ // check on device touch, if(pageY < cont.height() && pageY > 0){ // if cursor is out of the frame var x = prevPage.x - pageX; var y = prevPage.y - pageY; prevPage.x = pageX; prevPage.y = pageY; dest[0] = dest[0] + y; dest[1] = dest[1] + x; if(dest[1] > 0){ if(dest[1] > maxW){ dest[1] = maxW; } }else{ dest[1] = 0; } if(dest[0] > 0){ if(dest[0] > maxH){ dest[0] = maxH; } }else{ dest[0] = 0; } } } }) .on('touchstart',function(e){ //e.preventDefault(); touchmoved = true; isTouch = e.type.indexOf("touch") !== -1, isPointer = e.type.indexOf("pointer") !== -1, evt = isPointer ? e.originalEvent : isTouch ? e.originalEvent.touches[0] || e.originalEvent.changedTouches[0] : e; prevPage.y = evt.pageY; prevPage.x = evt.pageX; }) .on('touchend',function(e){ touchmoved = false; }) $('.js-spot').on("click",function(e){ lastDest = dest; dest = null; }); $(window).on("resize",function(){ clearTimeout(resizeTimeout); resizeTimeout = setTimeout(function(){ _setAspectRatio(); _centralize(); _initCenterContainer(); $('.opened','.hotspots-list').removeClass('opened'); }, 100); }); //if(!isTouch){ //panning animation 60FPS if(timer) clearInterval(timer); timer=setInterval(function(){ if(!dest) return; _tweenTo($this[0],"top", -dest[0], speed); _tweenTo($this[0],"left", -dest[1], speed); },16.6); //} }); } $(document).ready(function(){ $('html').click(function(event) { if(!$(event.target).closest('.js-spot').length) { $('.opened','.hotspots-list').removeClass('opened'); } }); }); })(jQuery); } function initHeader(){ var $wrapper = $('#header'), $pageContent = $('.page-content'), height; if($wrapper.length < 1 || $pageContent.length < 1) return; height = $wrapper.height(); $pageContent.css('padding-top',height); var resizeTimeout; $(window).on("resize",function(){ clearTimeout(resizeTimeout); resizeTimeout = setTimeout(function(){ height = $wrapper.height(); $pageContent.css('padding-top',height); }, 100); }); } function resizeHotspotsImage(){ var $hotspotsMap = $(".map-image-container"); if($hotspotsMap.length > 0){ $hotspotsMap.get(0).resize(); } } function panHotspotsImage(){ var $hotspotsMap = $(".map-image-container"); if($hotspotsMap.length > 0){ $hotspotsMap.imagePanning(); } } function popupClose(){ setTimeout(function(){ initHeader();resizeHotspotsImage(); },425); } })();}); // ]]> </script> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { var textContainer = $('.showMoreLessParagraphWrapper'); textContainer.each(function(index, obj) { initializeShowHideText($(this)); }); }); function initializeShowHideText(textContainer){ var moreLink='<span id="moreLinkContainerExpanded"></span> '+ '<span id="moreLinkWrapper" class="aui-helper-hidden">'+ ' <a class="aboutMore" title="Show more" href="javascript:;"></a>'+ '</span>'; textContainer.append(moreLink); var moreLinkWrapper = textContainer.find('#moreLinkWrapper'); var limitChars=textContainer.data("limit-chars"); var limitReached = false; var totalChars = 0; var indexParagraphReached = 0; var moreLinkAdded = false; textContainer.find('p').each(function(index, obj) { if($(this).is('p')){ var pText = $.trim($(this).text().toString()); totalChars += pText.length; if(!limitReached && (totalChars > limitChars)) { limitReached = true; indexParagraphReached = index; var currentLimit = limitChars - (totalChars - pText.length); //Get the entire word, and hide the all the text after it var newLimitFullWords = pText.substring(currentLimit-1).indexOf(" ", 0); newLimitFullWords = newLimitFullWords + currentLimit; if(newLimitFullWords>currentLimit){ var part1 = pText.substring(0, newLimitFullWords); var part2 = pText.substring(newLimitFullWords); var newText = part1 + "<span id='moreLinkContainer'></span><span class='showHideText hiddenText'>" + part2 + "</span>"; $(this).html(newText); moreLinkAdded = true; } } } if(limitReached && index>indexParagraphReached){ $(this).addClass("showHideText hiddenText"); } if(limitReached && !moreLinkAdded){ $(this).append("<span id='moreLinkContainer'></span>"); moreLinkAdded = true; } }); if(limitReached){ //Add the moreLink element to the spacific paragraph var moreLinkContainer = textContainer.find("#moreLinkContainer"); moreLinkContainer.html( moreLinkWrapper.html() ); } textContainer.removeClass("aui-helper-hidden"); showHideTextOnWebContentNew(textContainer); } function showHideTextOnWebContentNew(textContainer){ var moreLinkContainer = textContainer.find("#moreLinkContainer"); var moreLinkContainerExpanded = textContainer.find("#moreLinkContainerExpanded"); textContainer.delegate("a.aboutMore", "click",function(){ var moreLink = $(this); if(!moreLink.hasClass("isTriggered")){ moreLink.addClass("isTriggered"); textContainer.find(".showHideText").removeClass("hiddenText"); moreLink.attr('rel', moreLink.attr('title')); moreLink.attr('title', ''); moreLink.appendTo(moreLinkContainerExpanded); moreLinkContainer.find('a.aboutMore').remove(); }else{ moreLink.removeClass("isTriggered"); textContainer.find(".showHideText").addClass("hiddenText"); moreLink.attr('title', moreLink.attr('rel')); moreLink.appendTo(moreLinkContainer); moreLinkContainerExpanded.find('a.aboutMore').remove(); } }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ AUI().use('aui-toggler', function(A) {(function() {var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; function migratePanels(item){ console.log('migratePanels ext'); titleBar=item.one('.lfr-panel-titlebar'); panelContent=item.one('.lfr-panel-content'); if(titleBar && panelContent){ transformPanelClasses(item,titleBar,panelContent); panelContent.all('.echa-panel').each( function(item, index, collection) { titleBarNested=item.one('.lfr-panel-titlebar'); panelContentNested=item.one('.lfr-panel-content'); if(titleBarNested && panelContentNested){ transformPanelClasses(item,titleBarNested,panelContentNested); panelContentNested.html('<div class="accordion-inner">'+panelContentNested.html()+'</div>'); } }); panelContent.html('<div class="accordion-inner">'+panelContent.html()+'</div>'); } } function transformPanelClasses(item,titleBar,panelContent){ item.removeClass('lfr-collapsible'); item.removeClass('lfr-collapsed'); item.replaceClass('lfr-extended','lfr-panel-extended'); item.addClass('accordion-group'); titleBar.removeClass('lfr-panel-titlebar'); titleBar.addClass('accordion-heading'); titleBar.addClass('toggler-header'); titleBar.addClass('toggler-header-collapsed'); panelTitle=titleBar.one('.lfr-panel-title'); if(panelTitle){ panelTitle.removeClass('.lfr-panel-title') panelTitle.addClass('accordion-toggle'); spanTitle=panelTitle.one('span'); if(spanTitle){ spanTitle.addClass('title-text'); } } panelContent.removeClass('lfr-panel-content') panelContent.addClass('toggler-content'); panelContent.addClass('toggler-content-collapsed'); } AUI().ready(function(A) { var panelDivs = A.all('.echa-panel'); panelDivs.each( function(item, index, collection) { migratePanels(item); } ); }); })();}); // ]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ AUI().ready(function(A) { }); // ]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ AUI().use('aui-base', 'querystring-parse', function(A) {(function() {var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; AUI().ready(function(A) { var locationSearch = window.location.search; var locationSearchIndex = locationSearch.indexOf('?'); if (locationSearchIndex >= 0 && locationSearch.length > 1) { locationSearch = locationSearch.substring(locationSearchIndex + 1); var queryParams = A.QueryString.parse(locationSearch); if (queryParams.panel) { A.all('#' + queryParams.panel + '.echa-panel > .toggler-header').replaceClass('toggler-header-collapsed', 'toggler-header-expanded'); A.all('#' + queryParams.panel + '.echa-panel > .toggler-content').replaceClass('toggler-content-collapsed', 'toggler-content-expanded'); } } }); })();}); // ]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ AUI().use( 'aui-base', function(A) { var frameElement = window.frameElement; if (frameElement && frameElement.getAttribute('id') === 'simulationDeviceIframe') { A.getBody().addClass('lfr-has-simulation-panel'); } } ); // ]]> </script><script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ Liferay.Loader.require('frontend-js-tooltip-support-web@2.0.5/index', function(frontendJsTooltipSupportWeb205Index) { (function(){ var TooltipSupport = frontendJsTooltipSupportWeb205Index; (function() { try { TooltipSupport.default() } catch (err) { console.error(err); } })();})(); }); // ]]> </script></body> </html>

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Understanding POPs - ECHA