Nova Scotia | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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<article class="timeline-single main-grid"> <div class="main-grid__content--full timeline-single__header"> <div class="info-container timeline-single__header__info"> <span class="g-category text-xsmall">timeline</span> <h1 class="l-head-title">Nova Scotia</h1> <p>Nova Scotia is Canada’s second-smallest province (following Prince Edward Island) and is located on the southeastern coast of the country. The province includes Cape Breton, a large island northeast of the mainland.</p> </div> <div class="timeline-single__header__image-container"> <img src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/251d5ad1-fbf2-4c53-a29e-57df6917949f.jpg" data-src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/720x439/media/media/251d5ad1-fbf2-4c53-a29e-57df6917949f.jpg" alt="In front of the Fortress of Louisbourg, National Historic Site in Nova Scotia, 1952." width="100%" /> </div> </div> <div class="main-grid__content--wide"> <ol class="timeline-list all-results"> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1749" data-buckets="263" id="1740"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3872"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 21, 1749</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/12f25a44-2508-4e64-9dd1-8eb4b212345d.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/12f25a44-2508-4e64-9dd1-8eb4b212345d.jpg" alt="Edward Cornwallis, soldier and politician" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Founding of Halifax</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Edward Cornwallis arrived in Chebucto harbour in advance of 2,567 settlers. Work began on the town of Halifax, which replaced Annapolis Royal as the capital of Nova Scotia and established a strong British foothold in Nova Scotia. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1751" data-buckets="135" id="1750"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3865"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">August 03, 1751</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Printing Press</p> <p class="timeline-description">Bartholomew Green established the first printing press in Canada at Halifax.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1752" data-buckets="135" id="1750"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3857"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 23, 1752</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/083ff085-8c2a-4133-be06-ec3730a32570.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/083ff085-8c2a-4133-be06-ec3730a32570.jpg" alt="Halifax Gazette" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Halifax Gazette </i> Printed</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Canada's first newspaper, the <em>Halifax Gazette</em>, was printed by John Bushell. He also published the first book in Canada on 6 December; it was an 8-page pamphlet for the government. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1755" data-buckets="263" id="1750"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3859"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 28, 1755</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d21360c9-6e4d-4666-8538-cc3582ba8f16.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d21360c9-6e4d-4666-8538-cc3582ba8f16.jpg" alt="Acadian singer Jeanne (Doucet) Currie." width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Expulsion of the Acadians</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p>Between 1755 and 1763, approximately 10,000 Acadians are <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9F23fgzNbO4&t=1s" style="background-color: initial;">deported</a> after delegates refuse to take an oath of allegiance to Britain.  <a href="https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/acadian-history" style="background-color: initial;">Acadians</a>, the first French community in Canada, are allies of the <a href="https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/micmac-mikmaq" style="background-color: initial;">Mi’kmaq</a><span style="font-weight: 700;"> </span>and possess a distinctive <a href="https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/acadian-culture" style="background-color: initial;">culture</a>. Following the <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-deportation-of-the-acadians-feature" style="background-color: initial;">Acadian Expulsion</a>, thousands die of disease or starvation. <br> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1755" data-buckets="135" id="1750"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3853"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 09, 1755</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Post Office</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The first post office in Canada was opened in Halifax. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1758" data-buckets="263" id="1750"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3845"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 02, 1758</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Elected Parliament</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The legislative assembly of Nova Scotia convened at Halifax. It was the first legislature in any of the British North American colonies with a popularly elected House. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1773" data-buckets="263" id="1770"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5858"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 15, 1773</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Arrival of the <i>Hector</i></p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> A group of Scottish highlanders followed a piper off the ship <em>Hector</em> to land at Pictou, NS. Their arrival marked the symbolic beginning of Scottish settlement in Canada, although earlier groups had previously settled in PEI. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1776" data-buckets="263" id="1770"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7960"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1776</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/dc264d6d-7df5-4bbb-a9b4-728f34d7ad7f.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/dc264d6d-7df5-4bbb-a9b4-728f34d7ad7f.jpg" alt="Black Loyalists" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Slaves and Free Persons Reach Nova Scotia</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Canada developed a reputation as a safe haven for Blacks during the American Revolution, 1775-1783. The British promised land, freedom and rights to slaves and free Blacks in exchange for services rendered. Some of the Black Loyalists who reached Nova Scotia belonged to the "Company of Negroes" that had left Boston with British troops. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1782" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7962"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 01, 1782</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Enslaved Sylvia Defends Colonel Creighton</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> When Lunenburg, Nova Scotia was invaded by American soldiers, Colonel John Creighton's servant Sylvia rose to his defense. Sylvia shuttled cartridges in her apron from Creighton's house to the fort where he and his soldiers were engaged in battle. She also protected the Colonel's son and valuables.</p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1783" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3946"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 03, 1783</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Treaty of Paris 1783</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> This treaty ended the American Revolution, recognizing the independence of the American colonies. The boundary between British and American territories was set along the St. Lawrence River and through the Great Lakes. Post-war life in the United States was very difficult for British Loyalists, who endured property loss and discrimination. Many left and began to arrive in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Québec and Ontario. Famous migrant Loyalists include Lieutenant James Moody, Laura Secord and Richard Pierpoint. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1784" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7963"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1784</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">David George</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Baptist preacher David George was a Black Loyalist from Virginia. He settled in Shelburne, Nova Scotia in 1784 and began preaching in neighbouring Birchtown. His emotional sermons drew both Black and White Christians. Using only Black community funds, George founded several Black Baptist churches and initiated a "self-help" movement that still exists. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1784" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7964"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 26, 1784</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Canada's First Race-Riot Rocks Birchtown</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> After the Revolutionary War, the "Black Pioneers" were among the first settlers in Shelburne, Nova Scotia, and they helped build the new settlement. On its fringes they established their own community, "Birchtown." When hundreds of White, disbanded soldiers were forced to accept work at rates competitive with their Black neighbours the ensuing hostility caused a riot. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1784" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3944"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">August 16, 1784</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">New Brunswick Separates</p> <p class="timeline-description">New Brunswick was established as a separate colony from Nova Scotia.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1784" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3708"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">August 26, 1784</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Cape Breton Island Made Colony</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Cape Breton Island was made a separate colony from Nova Scotia. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1784" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3947"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 11, 1784</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">St John I Rejoins Nova Scotia</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Saint John Island (PEI) was reunited with Nova Scotia, though it retained a separate local government. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1785" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7965"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 12, 1785</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">"Negro Frolicks" Prohibited</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Officials in Nova Scotia ordered "50 Handbills [to] be immediately printed forbidding Negro Dances & Negro Frolicks in [the] town of Shelburne." </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1788" data-buckets="263" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8234"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 28, 1788</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Land Grants for Black Loyalists</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Governor John Parr approved a land grant at Birchtown, NS for Black Loyalist supporters of the British Crown. Of the 649 male Black Loyalists at Birchtown, only 184 received farms at all. The grant was made in recognition of the men’s service and fidelity to the Crown — often as soldiers — during the American War of Independence. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1789" data-buckets="318" id="1780"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3943"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 26, 1789</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Pictou Academy Founded</p> <p class="timeline-description">A Nova Scotia statute established the Pictou Academy.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1791" data-buckets="263" id="1790"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7968"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 01, 1791</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Slave Case Heard at Nova Scotia Court</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Freedom for Black people was elusive, regardless of the promises made by the British at the end of the American War of Independence. Enslaved woman Mary Postell took her "owner," Jesse Gray, to court, twice, for stealing her children. He was found not guilty, even though he had sold her and her daughter. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1792" data-buckets="263" id="1790"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7969"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 15, 1792</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">The Black Loyalist Exodus</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The difficulty of supporting themselves in the face of widespread discrimination convinced many Black Loyalists that they would never find true freedom and equality in Nova Scotia. When offered the opportunity to leave the colony in the 1790s, almost 1,200 Blacks left Halifax to relocate to Sierra Leone. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1796" data-buckets="263" id="1790"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7973"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 22, 1796</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/36a7f764-e9fd-4931-aa36-ea920255db11.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/36a7f764-e9fd-4931-aa36-ea920255db11.jpg" alt="Maroons in Nova Scotia" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">The Maroons Land at Halifax</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> A group of 600 freedom-fighters landed at Halifax. These immigrants, called Maroons, came from a Jamaican community of escaped slaves who had guarded their freedom for more than a century and fought off countless attempts to re-enslave them. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1796" data-buckets="318" id="1790"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6522"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 17, 1796</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e2f6b892-e47d-4981-9656-0c2e345b41db.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e2f6b892-e47d-4981-9656-0c2e345b41db.jpg" alt="Thomas Chandler Haliburton, author and politician" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Thomas Haliburton</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Author Thomas Chandler Haliburton, the first Canadian writer to gain an international reputation, was born at Windsor, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1802" data-buckets="263" id="1800"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3896"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 03, 1802</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Highlanders Settle Sydney</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Three hundred Scottish Highlanders settled at Sydney, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1804" data-buckets="263" id="1800"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6925"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 13, 1804</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7553d95e-5b47-4c12-8aed-dd4492101ac7.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7553d95e-5b47-4c12-8aed-dd4492101ac7.jpg" alt="Joseph Howe" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Joseph Howe</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Nova Scotian patriot Joseph Howe was born in Halifax. He was influential in the achievement of responsible government in Nova Scotia. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1813" data-buckets="263" id="1810"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5749"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 01, 1813</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/f5005028-c1cf-45af-89ab-badff7bc77bd.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/f5005028-c1cf-45af-89ab-badff7bc77bd.jpg" alt="HMS Shannon" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Capture of USS <i>Chesapeake</i></p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> HMS <em>Shannon</em> defeated USS <em>Chesapeake</em> and towed the American vessel into Halifax, Nova Scotia. This victory reclaimed the honour of the Royal Navy, which had suffered from earlier defeats in ship-to-ship actions. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1813" data-buckets="263" id="1810"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7979"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 01, 1813</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">"Black Refugees" Set Sail </p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> British Vice-Admiral Alexander Cochrane's offer of transportation for anyone wanting to leave the United States was widely circulated among the Black population. Four thousand former slaves deserted to the British side and were transported to the British colonies. About 2,000 refugees set sail for Nova Scotia from September 1813 to August 1816. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1813" data-buckets="263" id="1810"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9036"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 02, 1813</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">African Americans Arrive in Halifax</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Freed by the Royal Navy, a group of 133 African Americans from Chesapeake Bay arrived in Halifax.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1820" data-buckets="318" id="1820"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3983"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 22, 1820</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/78427c69-7223-4dba-b751-5ec648afc18b.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/78427c69-7223-4dba-b751-5ec648afc18b.jpg" alt="Dalhousie University" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Dalhousie University Cornerstone</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The cornerstone of Dalhousie University was laid in Halifax. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1820" data-buckets="263" id="1820"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6335"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 13, 1820</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Sir John Dawson</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Geologist Sir John Dawson, who was the first Canadian-born scientist of worldwide reputation, was born at Pictou, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1820" data-buckets="263" id="1820"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4028"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 16, 1820</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Cape Breton Island Rejoined</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Cape Breton Island rejoined the colony of Nova Scotia. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1823" data-buckets="263" id="1820"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4001"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1823</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/56d54ea5-4cbc-4c71-bd6f-82985a591345.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/56d54ea5-4cbc-4c71-bd6f-82985a591345.jpg" alt="One-cent Coin" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">NS Issues Coinage</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Nova Scotia became the first colony to issue coinage. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1832" data-buckets="263" id="1830"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4123"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 30, 1832</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/f1dd315b-74f8-4a5d-95e7-450f11abe13c.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/f1dd315b-74f8-4a5d-95e7-450f11abe13c.jpg" alt="Bank of Nova Scotia, gates" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Bank of Nova Scotia Incorporated</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Bank of Nova Scotia was incorporated. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1833" data-buckets="135" id="1830"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3973"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 13, 1833</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/880cecc5-9899-4e5e-aa1c-1d846d970530.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/880cecc5-9899-4e5e-aa1c-1d846d970530.jpg" alt="Royal William" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Royal William</i> Launched</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The ship <em>Royal William</em> completed its crossing of the Atlantic from Pictou, NS, to Gravesend, England. It was the first ship to cross the Atlantic under steam power. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1835" data-buckets="263" id="1830"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3965"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 03, 1835</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7553d95e-5b47-4c12-8aed-dd4492101ac7.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7553d95e-5b47-4c12-8aed-dd4492101ac7.jpg" alt="Joseph Howe" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Howe Acquitted of Libel</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Joseph Howe was acquitted of libel for publishing an article in his newspaper, <em>The Novascotian</em>, critical of Halifax's magistrates. The trial marked a turning point in the history of reform politics in Nova Scotia. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1839" data-buckets="318" id="1830"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4134"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 21, 1839</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Acadia College Opens</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Acadia College opened at Wolfville, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1839" data-buckets="135" id="1830"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4102"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 19, 1839</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Albion Mines Railway</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> A celebration marked the opening of the first 4 kilometers of the Albion Mines Railway in Pictou County, NS. It was the second steam railway in Canada, and the first to use standard gauge. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1848" data-buckets="263" id="1840"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8102"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 02, 1848</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4a08acb3-e0bd-462d-a3fe-183c90a5f076.m4v" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4a08acb3-e0bd-462d-a3fe-183c90a5f076.m4v" alt="Responsible Government" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Responsible Government in Nova Scotia</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> James Boyle Uniake became leader of a new Reform government. Nova Scotia was thus the first colony in the British Empire in which responsible government was in effect. Responsible government meant that a colony enjoyed complete self-government in domestic affairs and that a government ruled only with the support of the majority of the elected Assembly (the origins of today's cabinet government). </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1851" data-buckets="263" id="1850"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9121"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">April 07, 1851</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Nova Scotia Women Disenfranchised</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The <em>Franchise Act</em> disenfranchised women by adding the word <em>male</em> to voting requirements. There had been no specific restrictions on women’s right to vote since Nova Scotia had been granted a General Assembly in 1758. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1854" data-buckets="263" id="1850"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6233"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 26, 1854</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/24b7f798-1684-46bf-b239-82c9ce0f441b.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/24b7f798-1684-46bf-b239-82c9ce0f441b.jpg" alt="Sir Robert Borden" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Sir Robert Borden</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden, who headed the Canadian delegation to the Paris Peace Conference 1919, was born at Grand Pré, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1857" data-buckets="263" id="1850"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6929"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">November 16, 1857</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/917b145c-c991-4838-92ef-ab33000e1bdc.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/917b145c-c991-4838-92ef-ab33000e1bdc.jpg" alt="William Hall" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">William Neilson Hall Receives Victoria Cross</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> William Hall served aboard the frigate <em>Shannon</em> in Calcutta during the 1857 Indian Mutiny. Against all odds, Hall breached a wall of the Najeef Temple to allow British troops to overcome the mutineers. He was awarded the Victoria Cross, the first Canadian naval recipient, the first Black and the first Nova Scotian to win the prestigious medal. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1858" data-buckets="135" id="1850"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4358"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 08, 1858</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Railway to Truro Opens</p> <p class="timeline-description">A railway opened from Halifax to Truro and Windsor in Nova Scotia.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1860" data-buckets="296" id="1860"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4165"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 17, 1860</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #009999">Resources and Environment </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Total Eclipse Obscured</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> An American expedition, including Nova Scotia-born astronomer Simon Newcomb, arrived in northern Manitoba to observe a total eclipse, but were thwarted by clouds on the crucial day. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1863" data-buckets="318" id="1860"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5127"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 03, 1863</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/2b947338-f390-4eab-85b0-00adeb0911eb.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/2b947338-f390-4eab-85b0-00adeb0911eb.jpg" alt="Winterlude" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Covered Skating Rink</p> <p class="timeline-description">The first covered skating rink on the East Coast opened in Halifax.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1864" data-buckets="263" id="1860"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8231"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 20, 1864</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/84722c57-865b-4e16-b339-1ab05be3cde1.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/84722c57-865b-4e16-b339-1ab05be3cde1.jpg" alt="Rose Fortune" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Rose Fortune</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Respected local figure and entrepreneur Rose Fortune, also considered Canada’s first female police officer, died at Annapolis Royal, NS. The daughter of Black Loyalists who moved to Annapolis Royal in 1784, Fortune built a successful cartage business that outlived her by a century. She certainly cut a figure in town, becoming Annapolis Royal’s (unofficial) police officer as she patrolled its streets and wharf. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1866" data-buckets="263" id="1860"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4129"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 04, 1866</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">London Conference</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Sixteen delegates from the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick met with the British government in London, England. <span style="background-color: initial;">During the three month <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/london-conference/">conference</a>, delegates reviewed the Québec Resolutions — creating a document that would form the basis of the </span><span style="background-color: initial;"><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/british-north-america-act/"><em>British North America Act</em></a> — chose "Canada" as the name of the new country and designated it a <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/dominion/">Dominion</a>.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1867" data-buckets="263" id="1860"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4278"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 08, 1867</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">British North America Act</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p>The <i><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/constitution-act-1867">British North America Act</a> </i>was passed by the British Parliament and given royal assent by Queen Victoria on 29 March. It came into effect on 1 July. The Act joined the colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in one federal union. In 1949, <a href="https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/newfoundland-and-labrador">Newfoundland becomes Canada’s newest province</a>. In 1999, <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nunavut">Nunavut </a>becomes Canada’s newest territory. Its creation establishes self-governance for the region’s Inuit population.</p><p></p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1867" data-buckets="263" id="1860"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4259"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 01, 1867</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/faa4792f-2847-402c-8a01-2c84d8a81e60.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/faa4792f-2847-402c-8a01-2c84d8a81e60.jpg" alt="Western Settlement" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Canada Comes Into Existence</p> <p class="timeline-description">The Dominion of Canada came into existence, consisting of Ontario, Québec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1869" data-buckets="154" id="1860"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8174"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 04, 1869</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Saxby Gale Hits Bay of Fundy</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Saxby Gale, a hurricane in the Bay of Fundy that coincided with an unusually high tide, caused extensive damage along the coasts of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. It flooded rivers and farmland, destroyed sections of railway, and caused over a hundred deaths. The cyclone may also have caused the formation of the isthmus that connects Partridge Island, NS, to the province’s mainland. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1871" data-buckets="263" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8383"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1871</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e9d7fa0d-a192-44f5-8388-e696ae7b48ec.png" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e9d7fa0d-a192-44f5-8388-e696ae7b48ec.png" alt="Canadian Red Ensign (1871-1921)" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">The Red Ensign in Canada</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Soon after Confederation, Canadians began flying the Red Ensign with the quartered arms of Ontario, Québec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in the fly. As provinces joined Confederation, the arms of Canada increased in detail. By 1921 nine provinces had joined Confederation, and the shield was difficult to recognize, especially at sea.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1873" data-buckets="154" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7041"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">April 01, 1873</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Wreck of the SS <i>Atlantic</i></p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The passenger ship <em>Atlantic</em>, bound for New York, foundered on a reef off Peggy's Point, Nova Scotia. More than 500 people were killed. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1873" data-buckets="154" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4203"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 13, 1873</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Mine Disaster at Westville</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The first mine disaster occurred at Westville, NS. An explosion ripped through the tunnels, and two years passed before the last of the 60 bodies was recovered. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1873" data-buckets="263" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8667"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 01, 1873</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/0e8f807d-aa63-4224-aba1-b13b66dfa948.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/0e8f807d-aa63-4224-aba1-b13b66dfa948.jpg" alt="Joseph Howe" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Joseph Howe</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Journalist and politician </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/joseph-howe/" style="background-color: initial;">Joseph Howe</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> died in Halifax. Disheartened with Nova Scotia’s government system, the reform-minded journalist entered politics in 1836. His confidence in </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/responsible-government/" style="background-color: initial;">responsible government</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> helped Nova Scotia transition its system of governance without, said Howe, “a blow struck or a pane of glass broken.”</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1873" data-buckets="154" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4205"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">August 25, 1873</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/23a43177-2f76-4eed-830a-de54fd13d68a.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/23a43177-2f76-4eed-830a-de54fd13d68a.jpg" alt="Nova Scotia Cyclone" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Nova Scotia Cyclone</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The deadliest storm ever to hit Canada struck the Maritimes, stranding or sinking over 1,000 ships, destroying bridges, wharves, homes and churches, and leaving 500 people dead. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1874" data-buckets="135" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4208"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 27, 1874</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>William D. Lawrence</i> Launched</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The <em>William D. Lawrence</em>, the largest wooden ship built in the Maritimes, was launched at Maitland, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1875" data-buckets="135" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4359"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 14, 1875</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Halifax Herald</i> Established</p> <p class="timeline-description">The first issue of the <i>Halifax Herald</i> newspaper was published.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1879" data-buckets="263" id="1870"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4320"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 01, 1879</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Trade Union</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The first trade union to be legalized in Canadian coal mines was the Provincial Workmen's Association, organized at Springhill, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1884" data-buckets="263" id="1880"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8911"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1884</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Municipal Vote Attempted for NS Unmarried Women</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> An attempt to secure the <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/municipal-government/">municipal</a> vote for widowed and unmarried women property holders failed. The legislation included the possibility of serving on <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/school-boards/">school boards</a>. When the vote came to a tie, the speaker broke it in favour of the anti-franchisers. Another attempt to get the municipal vote was passed in 1887, though school board service was revoked. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1885" data-buckets="188" id="1880"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9094"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1885</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #993399">Indigenous Peoples </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Status Indians Enfranchised in Nova Scotia</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Federal legislation put forward by Sir John A. Macdonald extended voting rights to Status Indians in eastern Canada who met existing property requirements. The federal legislation was repealed in 1898, but, unlike other provinces, Nova Scotia did not subsequently enact laws disqualifying Status Indians from voting provincially. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1886" data-buckets="318" id="1880"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6130"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 04, 1886</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/f9f9abb3-4c82-4bc9-b4cf-a4a27c5006dd.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/f9f9abb3-4c82-4bc9-b4cf-a4a27c5006dd.jpg" alt="Sam Langford" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Sam Langford</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Boxer Sam Langford was born at Weymouth Falls, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1887" data-buckets="135" id="1880"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8742"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">November 23, 1887</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Launch of the <i>L’Évangéline</i></p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Established by Valentin Landry in Digby, Nova Scotia, this Acadian newspaper was moved to Moncton, New Brunswick in 1905 and published until 1982. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1887" data-buckets="263" id="1880"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6526"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 08, 1887</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of John Craigie</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Plant pathologist John Craigie, who discovered the sexual process in rust diseases of wheat, was born at Merigomish, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1890" data-buckets="263" id="1890"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6391"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 30, 1890</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of John Stuart Foster</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> John Stuart Foster, a physicist who made important contributions to the study of the "Stark effect," was born at Clarence, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1890" data-buckets="318" id="1890"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4476"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 27, 1890</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e98a6de1-2e7a-4df7-9011-b6c19caa4c5d.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e98a6de1-2e7a-4df7-9011-b6c19caa4c5d.jpg" alt="George Dixon" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">George Dixon Wins Championship</p> <p class="timeline-description">Nova Scotian George Dixon won the world bantamweight boxing crown.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1890" data-buckets="318" id="1890"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8743"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 01, 1890</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">College Sainte-Anne, NS is founded</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> College Sainte Anne (today <a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/universite-sainte-anne/">Université Sainte-Anne</a>) was founded at Church Point, Nova Scotia by the Eudist Fathers and offered instruction in French. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1891" data-buckets="154" id="1890"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4416"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 21, 1891</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Springhill Mine Disaster, 1891</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> One hundred and twenty-five miners were killed in a coal mine disaster in Springhill, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1895" data-buckets="263" id="1890"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8915"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 01, 1895</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Halifax Suffrage Association Established</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Halifax Suffrage Association (HSA) was established with <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/anna-harriette-leonowens/">Anna Leonowens</a>, an author and feminist, as its first president. Leonowens would become one the region’s most visible leaders in the women’s rights movement. The HSA leadership included <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/eliza-ritchie/">Eliza Ritchie</a>, who was <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nova-scotia/">Nova Scotia</a>’s first female professor, and community leader Charlotte McNeill. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1895" data-buckets="318" id="1890"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4402"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">April 24, 1895</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/6b5ebf74-7eb1-429d-9f1c-c3ca908f5a54.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/6b5ebf74-7eb1-429d-9f1c-c3ca908f5a54.jpg" alt="Slocum's Boat, Spray" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Slocum Sails Around World</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Nova Scotia-born Joshua Slocum set out in his small boat <em>Spray</em> from Boston, Mass, on his voyage around the world. He completed his journey on 27 June 1898, making him the first man to sail around the world alone. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1899" data-buckets="318" id="1890"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6489"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 05, 1899</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Mary Creighton</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Song collector and folklorist Mary Creighton, who was a pioneer collector of folk music of the Maritimes, was born at Dartmouth, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1902" data-buckets="135" id="1900"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4482"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 15, 1902</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Transatlantic Radio Report</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The first transatlantic radio press report was filed from Glace Bay, NS, by a <em>Times</em> correspondent. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1904" data-buckets="263" id="1900"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6151"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 22, 1904</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Donald Hebb</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Psychologist Donald Hebb, whose studies of development showed the importance of environmental stimulation in early childhood, was born at Chester, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1907" data-buckets="318" id="1900"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6412"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 20, 1907</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4e44b2ba-988b-4361-82e1-beefe353be10.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4e44b2ba-988b-4361-82e1-beefe353be10.jpg" alt="Two Solitudes" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Hugh MacLennan</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Novelist Hugh MacLennan was born at Glace Bay, NS. MacLennan won the Governor General's Literary Award five times -- more than any other Canadian author. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1909" data-buckets="135" id="1900"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4561"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 23, 1909</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/29987043-6718-49ef-af1b-7073898c2060.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/29987043-6718-49ef-af1b-7073898c2060.jpg" alt="Silver Dart" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Silver Dart</i> Flies</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> John Alexander Douglas McCurdy (1886-1961) flew the aircraft the <em>Silver Dart</em> for about one kilometer at Baddeck, NS. It was the first powered flight of a heavier-than-air machine in Canada and the British Empire. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1911" data-buckets="263" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5833"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 27, 1911</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Blanche Meagher</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Blanche Margaret Meagher, one of the pioneering women in the Department of External Affairs, was born at Halifax, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1914" data-buckets="318" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6409"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 09, 1914</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Hank Snow</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Hank Snow, influential pioneer of country and western music, was born in Brooklyn, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1914" data-buckets="263" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8664"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 06, 1914</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4de21927-01c6-4d7f-bd03-de526fec8d6d.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4de21927-01c6-4d7f-bd03-de526fec8d6d.jpg" alt="Viola Desmond" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Viola Desmond</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/viola-desmond/">Viola Irene Desmond</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> (née Davis), businesswoman and civil libertarian, was born in Halifax, NS. </span><span style="background-color: initial;">After a 1946 incident in which Desmond was arrested for sitting in a “Whites Only” section of a theatre in New Glasgow, NS, she fought her conviction of defrauding the government of the difference in tax — one cent — between tickets in the racially-separated sections. Though the conviction was upheld, her struggle became a catalyst for change. Desmond was pardoned by Nova Scotia Lieutenant-Governor Mayann Francis in 2010.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1914" data-buckets="263" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8565"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 19, 1914</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Margaret MacDonald Volunteers for Service</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Nova Scotian nurse Margaret MacDonald volunteered for overseas service in the First World War. She began to enlist others to serve in Europe. MacDonald was the first woman in the British Empire to achieve the rank of major.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1916" data-buckets="263" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4645"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 15, 1916</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Canadians Take Courcelette</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The 22nd Battalion from Québec, the 25th from Nova Scotia, and the 26th from New Brunswick captured Courcelette and took over 1,000 prisoners. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1917" data-buckets="154" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4498"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 06, 1917</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/197ca5ba-0fec-4f24-b88f-27a66651e9a7.m4v" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/197ca5ba-0fec-4f24-b88f-27a66651e9a7.m4v" alt="Halifax Explosion" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Halifax Explosion</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> At Halifax, the French munitions ship <em>Mont Blanc</em> collided with the Belgian relief ship <em>Imo</em>. The resulting explosion, the largest before the advent of the atomic bomb, killed more than 1,600 people and injured 9,000 in Canada's worst disaster. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1918" data-buckets="154" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4618"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 23, 1918</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Stellarton Mine Disaster</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Eighty-eight men died in a mine explosion in the Allan Shaft at Stellarton, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1918" data-buckets="263" id="1910"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8920"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 31, 1918</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Annual Meeting of NS Equal Franchise League</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Nova Scotia Equal Franchise League held its first, and last, annual meeting. Both women and men joined the league, which provided information for any group interested. The <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/halifax-explosion/">Halifax Explosion</a> of December 1917 so impacted its membership that the League decided its resources were better used in aiding the victims. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1921" data-buckets="318" id="1920"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4588"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 26, 1921</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/42bf88f2-1422-4cd1-997d-b6fe55b212e6.m4v" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/42bf88f2-1422-4cd1-997d-b6fe55b212e6.m4v" alt="Bluenose" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Bluenose</i> Launched</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The schooner <em>Bluenose</em> was launched at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1928" data-buckets="263" id="1920"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8599"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1928</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Pier 21 Opens</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Pier 21 opened in Halifax, NS. The point of entry for some one million immigrants into Canada — and the point of departure for nearly 500,000 soldiers in the </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/second-world-war-wwii/" style="background-color: initial;">Second World War</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> — it has often been called the “Gateway to Canada." Today it is a national historic site and museum.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1936" data-buckets="296" id="1930"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8625"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1936</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/03df061a-6884-4196-9c78-be89627fa629.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/03df061a-6884-4196-9c78-be89627fa629.jpg" alt="Cape Breton Island, Coast" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #009999">Resources and Environment </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Cape Breton Highlands National Park Established</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/article/cape-breton-highlands-national-park/">Cape Breton Highlands National Park</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> was established. The park stretches across the northern tip of </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/article/cape-breton-island/" style="background-color: initial;">Cape Breton Island</a><span style="background-color: initial;">, occupying </span><update style="line-height: 1.5em; background-color: initial;">948 km<sup>2</sup></update><span style="background-color: initial;"> of a high plateau dotted with ponds and covered with bogs and forest. </span><span style="background-color: initial;">This is one of the places claimed as the site of </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/article/john-cabot/" style="background-color: initial;">John Cabot</a><span style="background-color: initial;">'s landfall in 1497.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1945" data-buckets="318" id="1940"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6269"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 20, 1945</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/71954ba6-5a2e-422f-9c1e-9dbe410f60f7.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/71954ba6-5a2e-422f-9c1e-9dbe410f60f7.jpg" alt="Murray, Anne" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Anne Murray</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Anne Murray, whose renditions of songs such as "Snowbird" made her one of the first Canadian popular musicians to enjoy international fame, was born in Springhill, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1945" data-buckets="154" id="1940"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4907"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 18, 1945</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Bedford Magazine Explosion</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> An ammunition barge blew up at the naval magazine jetty on Bedford Basin, Halifax harbour. A chain reaction of fire, explosion and concussion rocked Halifax for a day. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1946" data-buckets="318" id="1940"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4892"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 31, 1946</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/6276098d-b5ff-4f09-8c3a-f5b0396274b0.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/6276098d-b5ff-4f09-8c3a-f5b0396274b0.jpg" alt="Bluenose" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Bluenose</i> Sinks</p> <p class="timeline-description">The once-famous schooner <i>Bluenose</i> hit a reef and sank off the coast of Haiti. The crew of 8 men was rescued.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1946" data-buckets="263" id="1940"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8230"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 18, 1946</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/89ef8895-90be-4d16-aa38-497ba1ddb715.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/89ef8895-90be-4d16-aa38-497ba1ddb715.jpg" alt="Francis, Mayann E." width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Mayann Francis</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Mayann Francis, the first Black lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, was born at Sydney, NS. Francis worked in a variety of senior public service positions, including director and chief executive officer of the Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission from 1999 to 2006, and she was the first female provincial ombudsman from 2000 to 2003. She was named lieutenant-governor in 2006. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1949" data-buckets="188" id="1940"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="2e3becbd-fba9-460a-ac1d-d1d094fb239b"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1949</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #993399">Indigenous Peoples </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Nations Win Right to Vote Provincially</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p>Except in <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nova-scotia">Nova Scotia</a> and <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/newfoundland-and-labrador">Newfoundland</a>, <a href="https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/indian-status">Status Indians</a> had been barred from voting provincially. Beginning with British Columbia in 1949 and ending with Quebec in 1969, First Nations peoples gradually win the right to vote in provincial elections without losing status or treaty rights.  </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1949" data-buckets="318" id="1940"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6128"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 04, 1949</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/23d05434-6207-47cd-b805-65305406d095.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/23d05434-6207-47cd-b805-65305406d095.jpg" alt="Baker, Carroll" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Carroll Baker</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Country singer Carroll Baker was born at Bridgewater, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1955" data-buckets="135" id="1950"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4933"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">April 02, 1955</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/29468e53-f90d-4a07-a59a-4f9cd333224d.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/29468e53-f90d-4a07-a59a-4f9cd333224d.jpg" alt="Angus L. Macdonald Bridge" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #008b00">Communication and Transportation </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Bridge Links Halifax and Dartmouth</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Angus L. Macdonald Bridge linking Halifax and Dartmouth opened. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1956" data-buckets="263" id="1950"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4970"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 30, 1956</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/fe34087f-30be-4cf8-9269-9c428c88894d.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/fe34087f-30be-4cf8-9269-9c428c88894d.jpg" alt="Robert Stanfield" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Conservatives Win Nova Scotia</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Conservatives under Robert Lorne Stanfield won the Nova Scotia election. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1956" data-buckets="154" id="1950"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="4937"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">November 01, 1956</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Springhill Mine Disaster, 1956</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> A mine disaster at Springhill, NS, killed 39 men. Another 88 trapped men were later rescued. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1960" data-buckets="318" id="1960"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8227"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 12, 1960</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of George Elliott Clarke</p> <p class="timeline-description">George Elliott Clarke, poet, playwright and professor, was born at Windsor Plains, NS. A prolific and award-winning writer, Clarke is a strong voice for the Black community in Canada. Clarke’s work explores the roots of both racism and diversity in Canada. His term, “Africadia,” encapsulates the fluid, intermixed and checkered history of his home province.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1960" data-buckets="263" id="1960"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9126"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 07, 1960</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">First Woman Elected to the Nova Scotia Legislature</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Gladys Porter became the first woman elected to the Nova Scotia legislature. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1964" data-buckets="263" id="1960"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8024"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1964</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Africville Demolished</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Encouraged by media attention to Africville's "American-style ghetto," the Halifax City Planning Commission expropriated the land. Residents resisted, citing the community's proud traditions, although Africville lacked basic services such as water, sewage, and good roads. Between 1964 and 1970 residents were relocated and the community razed. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1965" data-buckets="263" id="1960"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8225"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 07, 1965</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7abdf3b1-3830-4cc7-830f-c7028d67903f.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7abdf3b1-3830-4cc7-830f-c7028d67903f.jpg" alt="Viola Desmond Stamp" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Viola Desmond</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Viola Desmond, who helped galvanize Black Canadians against segregation, died at New York City. After a 1946 incident in which Desmond was arrested for sitting in a “Whites Only” section of a theatre in New Glasgow, NS, she fought her conviction of defrauding the government of the difference in tax — one cent — between tickets in the racially-separated sections. Though the conviction was upheld, her struggle became a catalyst for change. In 2010, Desmond was pardoned by Nova Scotia Lieutenant-Governor Mayann Francis. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1967" data-buckets="263" id="1960"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5246"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 09, 1967</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/fe34087f-30be-4cf8-9269-9c428c88894d.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/fe34087f-30be-4cf8-9269-9c428c88894d.jpg" alt="Robert Stanfield" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Stanfield Chosen Leader</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Robert Stanfield, premier of Nova Scotia, was elected leader of the national Progressive Conservative Party at a Toronto convention. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1968" data-buckets="318" id="1960"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6041"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 28, 1968</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d371e112-fff3-4e34-90af-0602c73fff89.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d371e112-fff3-4e34-90af-0602c73fff89.jpg" alt="McLachlan, Sarah" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Birth of Sarah McLachlan</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Singer Sarah McLachlan was born at Halifax, NS. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1970" data-buckets="154" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3455"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 04, 1970</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/8f5c37f1-cf2f-4653-9af7-0aa89536d64b.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/8f5c37f1-cf2f-4653-9af7-0aa89536d64b.jpg" alt="Tanker Arrow Runs Aground" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Arrow</i> Runs Aground</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Liberian-registered tanker <em>Arrow</em> ran aground on Cerebus Rock in Chedabucto Bay, NS, spilling 10,500 metric tons of oil onto the water and beaches and causing catastrophic environmental damage. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1970" data-buckets="296" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3722"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 07, 1970</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/c4c5ca7a-9775-4141-9f67-a9408a128f1c.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/c4c5ca7a-9775-4141-9f67-a9408a128f1c.jpg" alt="Sunspots " width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #009999">Resources and Environment </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Total Eclipse of the Sun</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> A total eclipse of the sun cast a shadow 160 kilometers wide along Canada's Atlantic coast, sweeping the length of Nova Scotia and across Newfoundland. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1971" data-buckets="263" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6994"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 08, 1971</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Pier 21 Closes</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Forty-three years after its official opening, Pier 21 was closed. A gateway to Canada, one in five Canadians has a connection to Pier 21, in Halifax, NS. Roughly one million immigrants passed through its doors between 1928 and 1971. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1971" data-buckets="318" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3437"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 29, 1971</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/3553f993-2655-4806-aef2-112e5465d637.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/3553f993-2655-4806-aef2-112e5465d637.jpg" alt="Bluenose II" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title"><i>Bluenose II</i> Presented</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Oland family presented the <em>Bluenose II</em> to the province of Nova Scotia as a floating maritime museum. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1971" data-buckets="154" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3391"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">August 16, 1971</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Hurricane Beth</p> <p class="timeline-description">Hurricane Beth hit Nova Scotia, dumping 296 mm of rain.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1971" data-buckets="296" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3731"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 04, 1971</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #009999">Resources and Environment </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Oil Discovered on Sable Island</p> <p class="timeline-description">Oil and natural gas were discovered on Sable Island.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1972" data-buckets="296" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8205"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 22, 1972</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #009999">Resources and Environment </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Whaling Moratorium</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The federal government ordered a halt to all whaling operations based out of Canadian ports. The last West Coast company had stopped whaling in 1967, so the order affected only two shore-based operations in Newfoundland and one in Nova Scotia. The Inuit are still allowed to harvest whales as part of their traditional rights. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1976" data-buckets="318" id="1970"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5185"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 04, 1976</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Ruling on Censorship in NS</p> <p class="timeline-description">The Supreme Court of Nova Scotia ruled that the province did not have the right to censor motion pictures.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1980" data-buckets="318" id="1980"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7891"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1980</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Atwood Co-Published <i>Anna's Pet</i></p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Margaret Atwood co-published another children's book, <em>Anna's Pet</em>, with Joyce Barkhouse. In 1986 it was adapted for stage by Nova Scotia's Mermaid Theatre. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1984" data-buckets="263" id="1980"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8033"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1984</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Nova Scotian Civil Rights Advocate Awarded Order of Canada</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Dr. William Pearly Oliver and his wife Pearleen Borden Oliver helped unite the Black community in the 1940s and 1950s. William, founder of the Nova Scotia Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (NSAACP), received the Order of Canada in 1984. Pearleen received an Honorary Doctorate from Saint Mary's University in 1990. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1984" data-buckets="263" id="1980"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9135"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1984</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Lewis Elected Mayor of Annapolis Royal</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Daurene Lewis, a descendant of Black Loyalists, was elected Mayor of the Nova Scotia town of Annapolis Royal and became the first Black female mayor in North America. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1991" data-buckets="263" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8034"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">January 01, 1991</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Race Riot at NS High School Prompts Education Reform</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> A fight between one Black and one White student at Cole Harbour District High School escalated into a brawl involving 50 youths of both races. The event mobilized provincial Black activists around the issue of unequal educational opportunities. Nova Scotia's Ministry of Education established a fund in 1995 to improve education and support anti-racist initiatives. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1992" data-buckets="154" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5580"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 09, 1992</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/089c33dd-78ce-4142-a15a-4d3b78ce10dc.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/089c33dd-78ce-4142-a15a-4d3b78ce10dc.jpg" alt="Westray Mine Disaster" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Westray Mine Disaster</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Twenty-six miners were killed at Plymouth, NS, when a blast triggered by the ignition of stray methane led to a chain reaction of lethal methane and coal-dust explosions. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1995" data-buckets="263" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5518"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 15, 1995</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Gerald Regan Charged</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Former premier of Nova Scotia Gerald Regan was charged with 16 counts of sex crimes. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1996" data-buckets="154" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="5887"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 22, 1996</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/089c33dd-78ce-4142-a15a-4d3b78ce10dc.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/089c33dd-78ce-4142-a15a-4d3b78ce10dc.jpg" alt="Westray Mine Disaster" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Westray Responsibility</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Nova Scotia government acknowledged responsibility for the 1992 explosion at the Westray mine in Plymouth, NS. Former premier Donald Cameron had blamed the miners. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1997" data-buckets="263" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6650"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 18, 1997</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">MacLellan Becomes PM of NS</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Russell MacLellan was sworn in as Nova Scotia's premier. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1997" data-buckets="188" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8551"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 01, 1997</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #993399">Indigenous Peoples </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Mi’kmaq Education Agreement</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">The Mi’kmaq Education Agreement took effect in Nova Scotia. The Agreement was Canada’s first self-government arrangement that included sectorial educational protocols. It gave eleven Mi’kmaq communities control over their education systems. Since the transition, completion rates have vastly improved and have become among the highest for on-reserve students in Canada.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1997" data-buckets="154" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6651"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 01, 1997</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/089c33dd-78ce-4142-a15a-4d3b78ce10dc.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/089c33dd-78ce-4142-a15a-4d3b78ce10dc.jpg" alt="Westray Mine Disaster" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Westray Report Issued</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Justice Peter Richard of NS issued a report on the Westray mine disaster that cited slipshod government inspection and the mine management's disregard for safety as being responsible for the explosion. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1998" data-buckets="263" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9138"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">March 24, 1998</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Yvonne Atwell Elected to NS Legislative Assembly</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Yvonne Atwell, community development advocate and president of the African Canadian Caucus of Nova Scotia, became the first Black Nova Scotian woman elected to the Nova Scotia Legislative Assembly. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1998" data-buckets="154" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6949"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 02, 1998</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Swissair Flight Crashes</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Swissair Flight 111 en route from New York to Geneva crashed off Peggy's Cove, NS, killing all 229 people on board. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1999" data-buckets="318" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8602"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 01, 1999</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/fd704360-23a5-4333-9dc4-fed52fcc81b8.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/fd704360-23a5-4333-9dc4-fed52fcc81b8.jpg" alt="Pier 21" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Canadian Museum of Immigration Opens</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">The Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21, one of Halifax’s most popular historic sites, opened. The museum tells the story of the Pier, the people who passed through it, and the lives they went on to live.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1999" data-buckets="263" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6863"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 27, 1999</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/ac4856c1-9787-4ff9-8762-67adb5fb396c.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/ac4856c1-9787-4ff9-8762-67adb5fb396c.jpg" alt="Hamm, John" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">PC Party Wins NS Majority</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Nova Scotia Conservative Party won a majority of seats in the House of Assembly. Tory leader John Hamm became premier, succeeding Russell MacLellan. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1999" data-buckets="188" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6846"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 17, 1999</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #993399">Indigenous Peoples </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Mi'kmaq Fishing Rights Upheld</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Supreme Court of Canada ruled that treaties from the 1760s guaranteed Mi'kmaq rights to fish, hunt and log year round. The ruling sparked controversy, as the Mi'kmaq began to fish lobster out of season. Angry non-Indigenous fishermen destroyed lobster traps and other equipment, sunk a boat and carried out an armed blockade of Yarmouth Harbour, NS. The conflict ended when an agreement was reached that allowed the Mi’kmaq to fish for subsistence only. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1999" data-buckets="188" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6850"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">November 17, 1999</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #993399">Indigenous Peoples </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Mi'kmaq Rights Clarified</p> <p class="timeline-description">The Supreme Court of Canada clarified its earlier ruling (September 17) regarding Mi'kmaq (Micmac) fishing rights, stating that the ruling had been misinterpreted. It stated that the ruling applied did not guarantee open season on fishing.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1999" data-buckets="318" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="6857"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 20, 1999</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Hank Snow</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Nova Scotia-born country singer and songwriter Hank Snow died in Madison, Tennessee. During his lifetime he recorded more than 80 albums and 2,000 songs. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-1999" data-buckets="296" id="1990"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7133"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">December 31, 1999</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #009999">Resources and Environment </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Sable Island Gas Flows</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The construction of three offshore platforms off Sable Island was completed and the first natural gas began to flow through a submarine pipeline to mainland Nova Scotia. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2009" data-buckets="263" id="2000"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7158"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 09, 2009</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">NDP Wins in NS</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Darrell Dexter led the NDP to a win in Nova Scotia, forming the first NDP government in Atlantic Canada. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2009" data-buckets="263" id="2000"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="3584"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 19, 2009</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Dexter Becomes Premier</p> <p class="timeline-description">NDP leader Darrell Dexter was sworn in as Nova Scotia's 27th premier.</p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2010" data-buckets="318" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7102"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">February 28, 2010</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/264234e8-7d59-4e85-b0f7-73c849105409.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/264234e8-7d59-4e85-b0f7-73c849105409.jpg" alt="2010 Olympic Gold" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Men's Hockey Team Wins Olympic Gold</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> The Canadian men's hockey team won the Olympic gold medal at the Vancouver Winter Olympics, defeating the US 3-2 in overtime when centre Sidney Crosby, assisted by Jarome Iginla, scored against the US. Crosby's goal is considered one of the greatest in the history of Canadian hockey. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2013" data-buckets="318" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7838"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">April 16, 2013</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Rita MacNeil</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Cape Breton's "first lady of song," Rita MacNeil, died at age 68 following complications from surgery. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2013" data-buckets="318" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="7825"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 16, 2013</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/cf53305f-5de6-4ef2-894c-d52155917236.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/cf53305f-5de6-4ef2-894c-d52155917236.jpg" alt="To Prince Edward Island" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Alex Colville</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Renowned artist Alex Colville died at Wolfville, NS, at 92. Colville's work balanced the everyday and the extraordinary. He had been a prominent figure on the Canadian art scene since the Second World War, during which he served as a war artist. He was perhaps best-known for his meticulous depictions of common scenes in everyday life. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2013" data-buckets="263" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="8124"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">July 29, 2013</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Burnley Allan "Rocky" Jones</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> Social activist on matters of human rights, race and poverty, Burnley Allan Jones died in Halifax, Nova Scotia. As a prominent attorney in Halifax, Jones was committed to human rights, criminal and prisoners' rights and labour law. He was a founding member of the Black United Front in Nova Scotia and he played a key role in creating a program for Black and Mi'kmaq persons at the Dalhousie Law School. </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2016" data-buckets="263" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9182"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 23, 2016</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/18b2600f-0422-4585-bbe0-3c8e15b24595.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/18b2600f-0422-4585-bbe0-3c8e15b24595.jpg" alt="Toronto Maple Leafs, logo" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of John Brophy</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ice-hockey/" style="background-color: initial;">Hockey</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> coach John Brophy, who led the </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/toronto-maple-leafs/" style="background-color: initial;">Toronto Maple Leafs</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> for two and a half seasons in the late 1980s, died in his hometown of </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/antigonish/" style="background-color: initial;">Antigonish</a><span style="background-color: initial;">, </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nova-scotia/" style="background-color: initial;">Nova Scotia</a><span style="background-color: initial;">. He was 83. Though the Leafs’ performance during Brophy’s tenure was not the finest of its history, Brophy left his mark on several hockey leagues as a hard-nosed player and coach. He ranks second only to </span><a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/scotty-bowman/" style="background-color: initial;">Scotty Bowman</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> in professional coaching victories and holds the Eastern Hockey League record for penalty minutes.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2017" data-buckets="263" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9437"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">May 02, 2017</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Paul MacEwan</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Paul MacEwan, former </span><a href="http://encyclopediecanadienne.ca/en/article/members-of-provincial-legislatures/" style="background-color: initial;">Member of the Legislative Assembly</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> of </span><a href="http://encyclopediecanadienne.ca/en/article/nova-scotia/" style="background-color: initial;">Nova Scotia</a><span style="background-color: initial;">, died at the age of 74. He served in the Nova Scotian parliament for 33 years continuously (1970–2003). </span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2017" data-buckets="318" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9322"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 11, 2017</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7d5ab1ad-6521-40a6-a4fb-deafb7bfe4df.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7d5ab1ad-6521-40a6-a4fb-deafb7bfe4df.jpg" alt="Sidney Crosby with the Stanley Cup" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Crosby's Second Consecutive Stanley Cup and Conn Smyth Trophy</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;"></span> </p> <p> <a href="http://encyclopediecanadienne.ca/en/article/sidney-crosby/">Sidney Crosby</a> led the Pittsburgh Penguins to a second consecutive <a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/coupe-stanley-1/">Stanley Cup</a> win and received the <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/conn-smythe-trophy/">Conn Smythe Trophy</a> for the second year in a row. Crosby became the third player to win the award in back-to-back years, after Bernie Parent (1974, 1975) and <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/mario-lemieux/">Mario Lemieux</a> (1991, 1992). </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2017" data-buckets="263" id="2010"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9315"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">September 12, 2017</p> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Allan MacEachern</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p> <span style="background-color: initial;">Former </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/liberal-party/" style="background-color: initial;">Liberal</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> Cabinet minister </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/allan-joseph-maceachen/" style="background-color: initial;">Allan MacEachern</a><span style="background-color: initial;">, of </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/cape-breton-island/" style="background-color: initial;">Cape Breton</a><span style="background-color: initial;">, </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nova-scotia/" style="background-color: initial;">Nova Scotia</a><span style="background-color: initial;">, died in </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/antigonish/" style="background-color: initial;">Antigonish</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> at age 96. An influential parliamentarian who played a key role in passing </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/health-policy/" style="background-color: initial;">health-care</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> and </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/labour-policy/" style="background-color: initial;">labour</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> legislation that helped shape modern Canadian society, MacEachern is also remembered for his contributions to </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/atlantic-provinces/" style="background-color: initial;">Atlantic Canada</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> and his devotion to his constituents in </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/inverness/" style="background-color: initial;">Inverness</a><span style="background-color: initial;">. He was appointed an Officer of the </span><a href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/order-of-canada/" style="background-color: initial;">Order of Canada</a><span style="background-color: initial;"> in 2008.</span> </p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2020" data-buckets="154" id="2020"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="d68dc119-1df8-4cf1-ac9a-24e8022355f5"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">April 18, 2020</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/2020NovaScotiaAttacks/1280px-2020_Nova_Scotia_Attacks_Memorial_to_the_Victims.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/2020NovaScotiaAttacks/1280px-2020_Nova_Scotia_Attacks_Memorial_to_the_Victims.jpg" alt="Nova Scotia Attacks Memorial" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: ">Disasters </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Nova Scotia Attacks</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p>Beginning at his home in Portapique, <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/nova-scotia">Nova Scotia</a>, a man wearing an <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/royal-canadian-mounted-police">RCMP</a> uniform and driving a replica police cruiser went on a 13-hour rampage that left 22 people dead and six injured. It was the worst mass killing in modern Canadian history. Concerns were later raised regarding the RCMP’s response to the events and its handling of the manhunt. The federal and Nova Scotia governments later launched a public inquiry into the events.</p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2021" data-buckets="263" id="2020"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="fa6c1a78-7f2f-4a9e-997c-fdb11cd2f115"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">August 17, 2021</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/ConservativeParty/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_2020-present.png" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/ConservativeParty/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_2020-present.png" alt="Conservative Party of Canada" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Progressive Conservatives Score Upset Victory in Nova Scotia Election</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p>Tim Houston led the <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/conservative-party#ProgressiveConservativePartyPC">Progressive Conservatives</a> to an upset victory over the governing <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/liberal-party">Liberals</a>. The PCs took 38.44 per cent of the popular vote and increased their seat total in the 55-seat legislature from 17 to 31. The party took advantage of early campaign stumbles by the Liberals while tacking hard to the left, promising $553 million in <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/health-policy">health care</a> spending. It was the sixth <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/provincial-government">provincial</a> or <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/territorial-government">territorial</a> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/electoral-systems">election</a> in Canada since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and the first in which the incumbent party lost.</p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2024" data-buckets="263" id="2020"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9d42fcc0-00dc-4a3b-9995-ad0dfb52d223"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">June 20, 2024</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/1024px-Donald_Sutherland_cropped.jpg" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/1024px-Donald_Sutherland_cropped.jpg" alt="" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ffcc00">People </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Death of Actor Donald Sutherland</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p>One of Canada's best-known and most accomplished actors, <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/donald-sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a> died at a Miami hospice at the age of 88. A prolific performer of considerable, chameleon-like range, Sutherland was both a leading man and a supporting player in comedies, dramas, horror and science fiction. He was made a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France and a Companion of the <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/order-of-canada">Order of Canada</a>. He was honoured with a star on <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadas-walk-of-fame">Canada's Walk of Fame</a> and Hollywood's Walk of Fame and received an Honorary Academy Award in 2017.</p></p> </div> </li> <li class="timeline-list__item show container js-year-2024" data-buckets="318" id="2020"> <div class="content sr-item" data-teid="9d430686-e76b-44c4-b076-717198541ea5"> <p class="timeline-date uppercase">October 10, 2024</p> <div class="timeline-image"> <img src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/59201294-dbe8-482f-b464-585f218993eb.png" data-src="https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/59201294-dbe8-482f-b464-585f218993eb.png" alt="Colored Hockey League" width="100%" /> </div> <p class="timeline-category uppercase"> <span style="color: #ff9900">Sports and Culture </span> </p> <p class="timeline-title">Colored Hockey League of the Maritimes Declared an Event of National Historic Significance</p> <p class="timeline-description"><p>The <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/coloured-hockey-league">Colored Hockey League of the Maritimes</a>, an all-<a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/black-canadians">Black</a> men’s <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ice-hockey">hockey</a> league founded in Halifax in 1895 and disbanded in the 1930s, was declared an event of national historic significance by <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/parks-canada">Parks Canada</a>’s National Program of Historical Commemoration. <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canada-post-corporation">Canada Post</a> had issued a stamp commemorating the league in 2020. The stamp features an image of Black hockey players on a frozen pond in front of the <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/halifax-citadel">Halifax Citadel</a>.</p></p> </div> </li> </ol> </div> </article> <div class="main-grid"> <div class="timeline-callouts main-grid__content--full"> <h2 id="recommended" class="timeline-callouts__title">Related Timelines </h2> <div class="callouts-layout__grid"> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <a class="callout-item__link" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/economy-and-labour" > Economy and Labour </a> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">timeline</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/340x207/media/media/31a8af13-f565-4f49-b305-2cee748f15db.jpg" class="image-container__image" alt="Grand Trunk Railway" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <a class="callout-item__link" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/the-law" > The Law </a> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">timeline</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/340x207/media/media/a4e59d7a-0581-47a1-a5ff-60757732f349.jpg" class="image-container__image" alt="Supreme Court of Canada" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <a class="callout-item__link" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/newfoundland-and-labrador" > Newfoundland and Labrador </a> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">timeline</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/340x207/media/media/53e7a7d6-7939-4450-81d0-3d467d000af0.jpg" class="image-container__image" alt="Vacation homes on the shore of Brigus Cove Newfoundland Canada" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> <div class="callout-item"> <div class="callout-item__container"> <h6 class="callout-item__title"> <a class="callout-item__link" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timeline/voting-rights-in-canada" > Voting Rights in Canada </a> </h6> <span class="callout-item__category">timeline</span> </div> <div class="image-container"> <img src="https://d14fiu1i7ba797.cloudfront.net/340x207/media/media/88bab6f6-366c-45d5-be02-092e23d46e97.jpg" class="image-container__image" alt="“Votes for Women” pennant" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="timeline-callouts__button-container"> <a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/timelines" class="b b-md b-primary">View all timelines</a> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div id="popup-image" class="modal"> <div class="popup-wrapper popup-wrapper-video"> <div class="popup-content"> <div class="popup-title"> <button class="popup-close" data-dismiss="modal"></button> </div> <div id="image-modal-body" class="popup-body"> <iframe class="iframe-video" width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen src=""></iframe> <img src="" class="popup-image" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="donation_banner" class="donation-banner"> <button id="donation-banner-expand-btn" class="donation-banner__expand-btn" aria-label="expand donation banner window"> </button> <div class="donation-banner__container"> <div class="text-container"> <h3 class="text-container__title">Donate to The Canadian Encyclopedia this Giving Tuesday!</h3> <div class="text-container__text"><p class="MsoNormal">A donation to The Canadian Encyclopedia today will have an even greater impact due to a generous matching gift from an anonymous donor. 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