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effect</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: temperature effect"> <meta name="keywords" content="temperature effect"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="temperature effect"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 19676</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: temperature effect</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19526</span> Numerical Investigation Including Mobility Model for the Performances of Piezoresistive Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaziz%20Beddiaf">Abdelaziz Beddiaf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we present an analysis based on the study of mobility which is a very important electrical parameter of a piezoresistor and which is directly bound to the piezoresistivity effect in piezoresistive pressure sensors. We determine how the temperature affects mobility when the electric potential is applied. For this, a theoretical approach based on mobility in a p-type Silicon piezoresistor with that of a finite difference model for self-heating is developed. So, the evolution of mobility has been established versus time for different doping levels and with temperature rise provoked by self-heating using a numerical model combined with that of mobility. Furthermore, it has been calculated for some geometrical parameters of the sensor, such as membrane side length and thickness. Also, it is computed as a function of bias voltage. It was observed that mobility is strongly affected by the temperature rise induced by the applied potential when the sensor is actuated for a prolonged time as a consequence of drifting in the output response of the sensor. Finally, this work makes it possible to predict their temperature behavior due to self-heating and to improve this effect by optimizing the geometric properties of the device and by reducing the voltage source applied to the bridge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sensors" title="Sensors">Sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piezoresistivity" title=" Piezoresistivity"> Piezoresistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mobility" title=" Mobility"> Mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bias%20voltage" title=" Bias voltage"> Bias voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159683/numerical-investigation-including-mobility-model-for-the-performances-of-piezoresistive-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19525</span> Systematic Study of Mutually Inclusive Influence of Temperature and Substitution on the Coordination Geometry of Co(II) in a Series of Coordination Polymer and Their Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manasi%20Roy">Manasi Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raju%20Mondal"> Raju Mondal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During last two decades the synthesis and design of MOFs or novel coordination polymers (CPs) has flourished as an emerging area of research due to their role as functional materials. Accordingly, ten new cobalt-based MOFs have been synthesized using a simple bispyrazole ligand, 4,4′-methylene-bispyrazole (H2MBP), and isophthalic acid (H2IPA) and its four 5-substituted derivatives R-H2IPA (R = COOH, OH, tBu, NH2). The major aim of this study was to validate the mutual influence of temperature and substitutions on the final structural self-assembly. Five different isophthalic acid derivatives were used to study the influence of substituents while each reaction was carried out at two different temperatures to assess the temperature effect. A clear correlation was observed between the reaction temperature and the coordination number of the cobalt atoms which consequently changes the self assembly pattern. Another fact that the periodical change in coordination number did bring about some systematic changes in the structural network via secondary building unit selectivity. With the presence of a tunable cavity inside the network, and unsaturated metal centers, MOFs show highly encouraging photocatalytic degradation of toxic dye with a potential application in waste water purification. Another fascinating aspect of this work is the construction of magnetic coordination polymers with the occurrence of a not-so-common MCE behavior of cobalt-based MOF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOFs" title="MOFs">MOFs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect" title=" temperature effect"> temperature effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCE" title=" MCE"> MCE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye%20degradation" title=" dye degradation"> dye degradation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103665/systematic-study-of-mutually-inclusive-influence-of-temperature-and-substitution-on-the-coordination-geometry-of-coii-in-a-series-of-coordination-polymer-and-their-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19524</span> Temperature Dependent Interaction Energies among X (=Ru, Rh) Impurities in Pd-Rich PdX Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Asato">M. Asato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Liu"> C. Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Fujima"> N. Fujima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Hoshino"> T. Hoshino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Chen"> Y. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Mohri"> T. Mohri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study the temperature dependence of the interaction energies (IEs) of X (=Ru, Rh) impurities in Pd, due to the Fermi-Dirac (FD) distribution and the thermal vibration effect by the Debye-Grüneisen model. The <em>n</em>-body (<em>n</em>=2~4) IEs among X impurities in Pd, being used to calculate the internal energies in the free energies of the Pd-rich PdX alloys, are determined uniquely and successively from the lower-order to higher-order, by the full-potential Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green’s function method (FPKKR), combined with the generalized gradient approximation in the density functional theory. We found that the temperature dependence of IEs due to the FD distribution, being usually neglected, is very important to reproduce the X-concentration dependence of the observed solvus temperatures of the Pd-rich PdX (X=Ru, Rh) alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=full-potential%20KKR-green%E2%80%99s%20function%20method" title="full-potential KKR-green’s function method">full-potential KKR-green’s function method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fermi-Dirac%20distribution" title=" Fermi-Dirac distribution"> Fermi-Dirac distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GGA" title=" GGA"> GGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20diagram%20of%20Pd-rich%20PdX%20%28X%3DRu" title=" phase diagram of Pd-rich PdX (X=Ru"> phase diagram of Pd-rich PdX (X=Ru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rh%29%20alloys" title="Rh) alloys">Rh) alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20vibration%20effect" title=" thermal vibration effect"> thermal vibration effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88145/temperature-dependent-interaction-energies-among-x-ru-rh-impurities-in-pd-rich-pdx-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19523</span> Effect of Concentration of Alkaline and Curing Temperature on Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Concert</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nursah%20Kutuk">Nursah Kutuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevil%20Cetinkaya"> Sevil Cetinkaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geopolymers are becoming new concrete materials to use alongside cement, which are formed due to reaction between alumino-silicates and oxides with alkaline media. Silicates obtained from natural minerals or industrial wastes are used for geopolymer synthesis. Geopolymers have recently received wide attention because of their advantages over other cementitious material like Portland cement. Some of the advantages are high compressive strength, low environmental impact, chemical and fire resistance and thermal stability. In this study, geopolymers were prepared by using inorganic materials such as kaolinite and calcite. The experiments were carried out by varying the concentration of NaOH as 5, 10, 15 and 20 M, and at cure temperature of 22, 45 and 65 °C. Compressive strengths for each mixes at each cure temperature were measured. Results of the analyses indicated that the compressive strength of geopolymers did not increase steadily with increasing concentration of NaOH, but did increase steadily with increasing cure temperature. We examined the effect Na2SiO3/NaOH weight ratio on the properties of the geopolymers, too. It was seen that Na2SiO3/NaOH weight ratio was also important to prepare geopolymers that can be applied to construction industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolymers" title="geopolymers">geopolymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kaolinite" title=" kaolinite"> kaolinite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcite" title=" calcite"> calcite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37489/effect-of-concentration-of-alkaline-and-curing-temperature-on-compressive-strength-of-geopolymer-concert" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19522</span> Thermodynamic Analysis of Cascade Refrigeration System Using R12-R13, R290-R23 and R404A-23</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20D.%20Parekh">A. D. Parekh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20R.%20Tailor"> P. R. Tailor </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Montreal protocol and Kyoto protocol underlined the need of substitution of CFC’s and HCFC’s due to their adverse impact on atmospheric ozone layer which protects earth from U.V rays. The CFCs have been entirely ruled out since 1995 and a long-term basis HCFCs must be replaced by 2020. All this events motivated HFC refrigerants which are harmless to ozone layer. In this paper thermodynamic analysis of cascade refrigeration system has been done using three different refrigerant pairs R13-R12, R290-R23, and R404A-R23. Effect of various operating parameters i.e evaporator temperature, condenser temperature, temperature difference in cascade condenser and low temperature cycle condenser temperature on performance parameters viz. COP, exergetic efficiency and refrigerant mass flow ratio have been studied. Thermodynamic analysis shows that out of three refrigerant pairs R12-R13, R290-R23 and R404A-R23 the COP of R290-R23 refrigerant pair is highest. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20analysis" title="thermodynamic analysis">thermodynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cascade%20refrigeration%20system" title=" cascade refrigeration system"> cascade refrigeration system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COP" title=" COP"> COP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergetic%20efficiency" title=" exergetic efficiency"> exergetic efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12727/thermodynamic-analysis-of-cascade-refrigeration-system-using-r12-r13-r290-r23-and-r404a-23" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19521</span> Parameter and Lose Effect Analysis of Beta Stirling Cycle Refrigerating Machine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muluken%20Z.%20Getie">Muluken Z. Getie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francois%20Lanzetta"> Francois Lanzetta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvie%20%20Begot"> Sylvie Begot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bimrew%20T.%20Admassu"> Bimrew T. Admassu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is aimed at the numerical analysis of the effects of phase angle and losses (shuttle heat loss and gas leakage to the crankcase) that could have an impact on the pressure and temperature of working fluid for a β-type Stirling cycle refrigerating machine. First, the developed numerical model incorporates into the ideal adiabatic analysis, the shuttle heat transfer (heat loss from compression space to expansion space), and gas leakage from the working space to the buffer space into the crankcase. The other losses that may not have a direct effect on the temperature and pressure of working fluid are simply incorporated in a simple analysis. The model is then validated by reversing the model to the engine model and compared with other literature results using (GPU-3) engine. After validating the model with other engine model and experiment results, analysis of the effect of phase angle, shuttle heat lose and gas leakage on temperature, pressure, and performance (power requirement, cooling capacity and coefficient of performance) of refrigerating machine considering the FEMTO 60 Stirling engine as a case study have been conducted. Shuttle heat loss has a greater effect on the temperature of working gas; gas leakage to the crankcase has more effect on the pressure of working spaces and hence both have a considerable impact on the performance of the Stirling cycle refrigerating machine. The optimum coefficient of performance exists between phase angles of 900-950, and optimum cooling capacity could be found between phase angles of 950-980. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta%20configuration" title="beta configuration">beta configuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine%20model" title=" engine model"> engine model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderate%20cooling" title=" moderate cooling"> moderate cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stirling%20refrigerator" title=" stirling refrigerator"> stirling refrigerator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20validation" title=" and validation"> and validation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120316/parameter-and-lose-effect-analysis-of-beta-stirling-cycle-refrigerating-machine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19520</span> To Study the Effect of Drying Temperature Towards Extraction of Aquilaria subintegra Dry Leaves Using Vacuum Far Infrared</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tengku%20Muhammad%20Rafi%20Nazmi%20Bin%20Tengku%20Razali">Tengku Muhammad Rafi Nazmi Bin Tengku Razali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habsah%20Alwi"> Habsah Alwi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article based on effect of temperature towards extraction of Aquilaria Subintegra. Aquilaria Subintegra which its main habitat is in Asia-tropical and particularly often found in its native which is Thailand. There is claim which is Aquilaria Subintegra contains antipyretic properties that helps fight fever. Research nowadays also shown that paracetamol consumed bring bad effect towards consumers. This sample will first dry using Vacuum Far Infrared which provides better drying than conventional oven. Soxhlet extractor used to extract oil from sample. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer used to analyze sample to determine its compound. Objective from this research was to determine the active ingredients that exist in the Aquilaria Subintegra leaves and to determine whether compound of Acetaminophen exist or not inside the leaves. Moisture content from 400C was 80%, 500C was 620% and 600C was 36%. The greater temperature resulting lower moisture content inside sample leaves. 7 components were identified in sample T=400C while only 5 components were identified in sample at T=50C and T=60C. Four components were commonly identified in three sample which is 1n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester (z,z,z), Vitamin E and Squalene. Further studies are needed with new series of temperature to refine the best results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquilaria%20subintegra" title="aquilaria subintegra">aquilaria subintegra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20far%20infrared" title=" vacuum far infrared"> vacuum far infrared</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOXHLET%20extractor" title=" SOXHLET extractor"> SOXHLET extractor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20chromatography%20mass%20spectrometer" title=" gas chromatography mass spectrometer"> gas chromatography mass spectrometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paracetamol" title=" paracetamol "> paracetamol </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34225/to-study-the-effect-of-drying-temperature-towards-extraction-of-aquilaria-subintegra-dry-leaves-using-vacuum-far-infrared" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19519</span> The Influence of Different Green Roof Vegetation on Indoor Temperature in Semi-Arid Climate Cyprus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinem%20Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m">Sinem Yıldırım</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87imen%20%C3%96zburak"> Çimen Özburak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zge%20%C3%96zden"> Özge Özden</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities are facing a growing environmental issue as a result of the combined effect of urbanization and climate change. Climate change is the most conspicuousimpact on environmental issues. Nowadays, energy conservation is a very important subject for planners. It is known that green roofs can provide environmental benefits, which include building insulation and mitigating urban heat island effect within the cities. Some of the studies shown that green roofs regulate roof temperature and they have an effect on indoor temperatures of buildings. This research looks at the experimental investigation of different type green roof vegetation with control of no vegetation and their effect on indoor temperatures. The research has been carried out at Near East University Campus with the duration of four months in Nicosia, Cyprus. The experiment was consisting of four green roof types; three of them covered with vegetation, and one of them was not vegetated for control of the experiment. Each hut had 2.7 m2 roof areas, and the soil depth was 8 cm. Mediterranean climate drought resistant ground covers and shrubs were planted on the roof of the three huts. Three different vegetation type was used: 1-Low growing ground cover succulents 2-Mixture of low growing succulents and low shrubs 3-Mixture of low growing succulents, low shrubs, and high growing foliage plantsElitech RC-5 temperature data loggers were used in order to measure indoor temperatures of the huts. Research results were shown that the hut with a highly vegetated roof had the lowest temperatures during hot summer period in Cyprus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20roofs" title="green roofs">green roofs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20temperature" title=" indoor temperature"> indoor temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation" title=" vegetation"> vegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mediterranean" title=" mediterranean"> mediterranean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyprus" title=" cyprus"> cyprus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143588/the-influence-of-different-green-roof-vegetation-on-indoor-temperature-in-semi-arid-climate-cyprus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19518</span> An Experimental Study of Automotive Drum Brake Vibrations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouby%20Ghazaly">Nouby Ghazaly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper investigates experimentally the effect coefficient of friction at different operation conditions on the variation of the brake temperature, brake force, and brake vibration with the braking time. All the experimental tests were carried out using brake dynamometer which designed and constructed in Vehicle Dynamic Laboratory. The results indicate that the brake temperature increases with the increase of the normal force and sliding speed especially with the increase of the braking time. The normal force has the effect on increasing the brake force. On the contrary, the vehicle speed has the effect on decreasing the brake force. Both the normal force and sliding speed affect the brake vibration according to the friction behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brake%20dynamometer" title="brake dynamometer">brake dynamometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20of%20friction" title=" coefficient of friction"> coefficient of friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drum%20brake%20vibrations" title=" drum brake vibrations"> drum brake vibrations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20behavior" title=" friction behavior"> friction behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54502/an-experimental-study-of-automotive-drum-brake-vibrations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19517</span> Research on the Impact on Building Temperature and Ventilation by Outdoor Shading Devices in Hot-Humid Area: Through Measurement and Simulation on an Office Building in Guangzhou</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hankun%20Lin">Hankun Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yiqiang%20Xiao"> Yiqiang Xiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiaosheng%20Zhan"> Qiaosheng Zhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shading devices (SDs) are widely used in buildings in the hot-humid climate areas for reducing cooling energy consumption for interior temperature, as the result of reducing the solar radiation directly. Contrasting the surface temperature of materials of SDs to the glass on the building façade could give more analysis for the shading effect. On the other side, SDs are much more used as the independence system on building façade in hot-humid area. This typical construction could have some impacts on building ventilation as well. This paper discusses the outdoor SDs’ effects on the building thermal environment and ventilation, through a set of measurements on a 2-floors office building in Guangzhou, China, which install a dynamic aluminum SD-system around the façade on 2<sup>nd</sup>-floor. The measurements recorded the in/outdoor temperature, relative humidity, velocity, and the surface temperature of the aluminum panel and the glaze. After that, a CFD simulation was conducted for deeper discussion of ventilation. In conclusion, this paper reveals the temperature differences on the different material of the façade, and finds that the velocity of indoor environment could be reduced by the outdoor SDs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outdoor%20shading%20devices" title="outdoor shading devices">outdoor shading devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot-humid%20area" title=" hot-humid area"> hot-humid area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ventilation" title=" ventilation"> ventilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title=" measurement"> measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71054/research-on-the-impact-on-building-temperature-and-ventilation-by-outdoor-shading-devices-in-hot-humid-area-through-measurement-and-simulation-on-an-office-building-in-guangzhou" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19516</span> Effect of Rapid Thermal Annealing on the Optical Properties of InAs Quantum Dots Grown on (100) and (311)B GaAs Substrates by Molecular Beam Epitaxy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Almunyif">Amjad Almunyif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amra%20Alhassni"> Amra Alhassni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sultan%20Alhassan"> Sultan Alhassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Al%20Huwayz"> Maryam Al Huwayz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saud%20Alotaibi"> Saud Alotaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulaziz%20Almalki"> Abdulaziz Almalki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Henini"> Mohamed Henini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on the optical properties of InAs quantum dots (QDs) grown at an As overpressure of 2x 10⁻⁶ Torr by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on (100) and (311)B GaAs substrates was investigated using photoluminescence (PL) technique. PL results showed that for the as-grown samples, the QDs grown on the high index plane (311)B have lower PL intensity and lower full width at half maximum (FWHM) than those grown on the conventional (100) plane. The latter demonstrates that the (311)B QDs have better size uniformity than (100) QDs. Compared with as-grown samples, a blue-shift was observed for all samples with increasing annealing temperature from 600°C to 700°C. For (100) samples, a narrowing of the FWHM was observed with increasing annealing temperature from 600°C to 700°C. However, in (311)B samples, the FWHM showed a different behaviour; it slightly increased when the samples were annealed at 600°C and then decreased when the annealing temperature increased to 700°C. As expected, the PL peak intensity for all samples increased when the laser excitation power increased. The PL peak energy temperature dependence showed a strong redshift when the temperature was increased from 10 K to 120 K. The PL peak energy exhibited an abnormal S-shape behaviour as a function of temperature for all samples. Most samples exhibited a significant enhancement in their activation energies when annealed at 600°C and 700°C, suggesting that annealing annihilated defects created during sample growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RTA" title="RTA">RTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QDs" title=" QDs"> QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InAs" title=" InAs"> InAs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MBE" title=" MBE"> MBE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141819/effect-of-rapid-thermal-annealing-on-the-optical-properties-of-inas-quantum-dots-grown-on-100-and-311b-gaas-substrates-by-molecular-beam-epitaxy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19515</span> Thermal Performance of Reheat, Regenerative, Inter-Cooled Gas Turbine Cycle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milind%20S.%20Patil">Milind S. Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Purushottam%20S.%20Desale"> Purushottam S. Desale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eknath%20R.%20Deore"> Eknath R. Deore</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal analysis of reheat, regenerative, inter-cooled gas turbine cycle is presented. Specific work output, thermal efficiency and SFC is simulated with respect to operating conditions. Analytical formulas were developed taking into account the effect of operational parameters like ambient temperature, compression ratio, compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, regenerator effectiveness, pressure loss in inter cooling, reheating and regenerator. Calculations were made for wide range of parameters using engineering equation solver and the results were presented here. For pressure ratio of 12, regenerator effectiveness 0.95, and maximum turbine inlet temperature 1200 K, thermal efficiency decreases by 27% with increase in ambient temperature (278 K to 328 K). With decrease in regenerator effectiveness thermal efficiency decreases linearly. With increase in ambient temperature (278 K to 328 K) for the same maximum temperature and regenerator effectiveness SFC decreases up to a pressure ratio of 10 and then increases. Sharp rise in SFC is noted for higher ambient temperature. With increase in isentropic efficiency of compressor and turbine, thermal efficiency increases by about 40% for low ambient temperature (278 K to 298 K) however, for higher ambient temperature (308 K to 328 K) thermal efficiency increases by about 70%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine" title="gas turbine">gas turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reheating" title=" reheating"> reheating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regeneration" title=" regeneration"> regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-cooled" title=" inter-cooled"> inter-cooled</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title=" thermal analysis"> thermal analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3990/thermal-performance-of-reheat-regenerative-inter-cooled-gas-turbine-cycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19514</span> [Keynote Speaker]: Enhancing the Performance of a Photovoltaic Module Using Different Cooling Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Amine%20Hachicha">Ahmed Amine Hachicha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Temperature effect on the performance of a photovoltaic module is one of the main concern that face this renewable energy, especially in the hot arid region, e.g United Arab Emirates. Overheating of the PV modules reduces the open circuit voltage and the efficiency of the modules dramatically. In this work, water cooling is developed to enhance the performance of PV modules. Different scenarios are tested under UAE weather conditions: front, back and double cooling. A spraying system is used for the front cooling whether a direct contact water system is used for the back cooling. The experimental results are compared to a non-cooling module and the performance of the PV module is determined for different situations. A mathematical model is presented to estimate the theoretical performance and validate the experimental results with and without cooling. The experimental results show that the front cooling is more effective than the back cooling and may decrease the temperature of the PV module significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV%20cooling" title="PV cooling">PV cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20methods" title=" cooling methods"> cooling methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20efficiency" title=" electrical efficiency"> electrical efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect" title=" temperature effect"> temperature effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34166/keynote-speaker-enhancing-the-performance-of-a-photovoltaic-module-using-different-cooling-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19513</span> Effect of Curing Temperature on the Textural and Rheological of Gelatine-SDS Hydrogels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginia%20Martin%20Torrejon">Virginia Martin Torrejon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Binjie%20Wu"> Binjie Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gelatine is a protein biopolymer obtained from the partial hydrolysis of animal tissues which contain collagen, the primary structural component in connective tissue. Gelatine hydrogels have attracted considerable research in recent years as an alternative to synthetic materials due to their outstanding gelling properties, biocompatibility and compostability. Surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), are often used in hydrogels solutions as surface modifiers or solubility enhancers, and their incorporation can influence the hydrogel’s viscoelastic properties and, in turn, its processing and applications. Literature usually focuses on studying the impact of formulation parameters (e.g., gelatine content, gelatine strength, additives incorporation) on gelatine hydrogels properties, but processing parameters, such as curing temperature, are commonly overlooked. For example, some authors have reported a decrease in gel strength at lower curing temperatures, but there is a lack of research on systematic viscoelastic characterisation of high strength gelatine and gelatine-SDS systems at a wide range of curing temperatures. This knowledge is essential to meet and adjust the technological requirements for different applications (e.g., viscosity, setting time, gel strength or melting/gelling temperature). This work investigated the effect of curing temperature (10, 15, 20, 23 and 25 and 30°C) on the elastic modulus (G’) and melting temperature of high strength gelatine-SDS hydrogels, at 10 wt% and 20 wt% gelatine contents, by small-amplitude oscillatory shear rheology coupled with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. It also correlates the gel strength obtained by rheological measurements with the gel strength measured by texture analysis. Gelatine and gelatine-SDS hydrogels’ rheological behaviour strongly depended on the curing temperature, and its gel strength and melting temperature can be slightly modified to adjust it to given processing and applications needs. Lower curing temperatures led to gelatine and gelatine-SDS hydrogels with considerably higher storage modulus. However, their melting temperature was lower than those gels cured at higher temperatures and lower gel strength. This effect was more considerable at longer timescales. This behaviour is attributed to the development of thermal-resistant structures in the lower strength gels cured at higher temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatine%20gelation%20kinetics" title="gelatine gelation kinetics">gelatine gelation kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatine-SDS%20interactions" title=" gelatine-SDS interactions"> gelatine-SDS interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatine-surfactant%20hydrogels" title=" gelatine-surfactant hydrogels"> gelatine-surfactant hydrogels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melting%20and%20gelling%20temperature%20of%20gelatine%20gels" title=" melting and gelling temperature of gelatine gels"> melting and gelling temperature of gelatine gels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheology%20of%20gelatine%20hydrogels" title=" rheology of gelatine hydrogels"> rheology of gelatine hydrogels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147971/effect-of-curing-temperature-on-the-textural-and-rheological-of-gelatine-sds-hydrogels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19512</span> Experimental Modeling and Simulation of Zero-Surface Temperature of Controlled Water Jet Impingement Cooling System for Hot-Rolled Steel Plates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Okechukwu%20Onah">Thomas Okechukwu Onah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onyekachi%20Marcel%20Egwuagu"> Onyekachi Marcel Egwuagu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zero-surface temperature, which controlled the cooling profile, was modeled and used to investigate the effect of process parameters on the hot-rolled steel plates. The parameters include impingement gaps of 40mm to 70mm; pipe diameters of 20mm to 45mm feeding jet nozzle with 30 holes of 8mm diameters each; and flow rates within 2.896x10-⁶m³/s and 3.13x10-⁵m³/s. The developed simulation model of the Zero-Surface Temperature, upon validation, showed 99% prediction accuracy with dimensional homogeneity established. The evaluated Zero-Surface temperature of Controlled Water Jet Impingement Steel plates showed a high cooling rate of 36.31 Celsius degree/sec at an optimal cooling nozzle diameter of 20mm, impingement gap of 70mm and a flow rate of 1.77x10-⁵m³/s resulting in Reynold's number 2758.586, in the turbulent regime was obtained. It was also deduced that as the nozzle diameter was increasing, the impingement gap was reducing. This achieved a faster rate of cooling to an optimum temperature of 300oC irrespective of the starting surface cooling temperature. The results additionally showed that with a tested-plate initial temperature of 550oC, a controlled cooling temperature of about 160oC produced a film and nucleated boiling heat extraction that was particularly beneficial at the end of controlled cooling and influenced the microstructural properties of the test plates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title="temperature">temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanistic-model" title=" mechanistic-model"> mechanistic-model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plates" title=" plates"> plates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impingements" title=" impingements"> impingements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensionless-numbers" title=" dimensionless-numbers"> dimensionless-numbers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187729/experimental-modeling-and-simulation-of-zero-surface-temperature-of-controlled-water-jet-impingement-cooling-system-for-hot-rolled-steel-plates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19511</span> Thermal Effect on Wave Interaction in Composite Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Apalowo">R. K. Apalowo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Chronopoulos"> D. Chronopoulos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Thierry"> V. Thierry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There exist a wide range of failure modes in composite structures due to the increased usage of the structures especially in aerospace industry. Moreover, temperature dependent wave response of composite and layered structures have been continuously studied, though still limited, in the last decade mainly due to the broad operating temperature range of aerospace structures. A wave finite element (WFE) and finite element (FE) based computational method is presented by which the temperature dependent wave dispersion characteristics and interaction phenomenon in composite structures can be predicted. Initially, the temperature dependent mechanical properties of the panel in the range of -100 ◦C to 150 ◦C are measured experimentally using the Thermal Mechanical Analysis (TMA). Temperature dependent wave dispersion characteristics of each waveguide of the structural system, which is discretized as a system of a number of waveguides coupled by a coupling element, is calculated using the WFE approach. The wave scattering properties, as a function of temperature, is determined by coupling the WFE wave characteristics models of the waveguides with the full FE modelling of the coupling element on which defect is included. Numerical case studies are exhibited for two waveguides coupled through a coupling element. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20dependency" title=" temperature dependency"> temperature dependency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20dispersion%20characteristics" title=" wave dispersion characteristics"> wave dispersion characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20finite%20element" title=" wave finite element"> wave finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20scattering%20properties" title=" wave scattering properties"> wave scattering properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58484/thermal-effect-on-wave-interaction-in-composite-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19510</span> Effect of Baking Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Clayey Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gul%20Muhammad">Gul Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanullah%20Marri"> Amanullah Marri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Abbas"> Asif Abbas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal treatment changes the physical and mechanical properties of clayey soils. Thermally treated soils have been used since ancient times for making trails for access and bricks for residence. In this study, it has been focused to observe and analyze the effect of baking (burning) temperature on the mechanical properties of clayey soils usually used for the construction of adobe houses in the rural areas of many of the developing countries. In the first stage of experimental work, a series of tests on clayey soil moulds (100 mm height and 50 mm diameter in size) added different percentages of lime and wheat straw (typically 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) were conducted. In the second stage; samples were made of clayey soils and were subjected to six level of temperatures i.e., 25, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500⁰C. In the third stage, the moulds of clayey soil were submerged in water prior to testing in order to investigate the flood resilience of the moulds prepared with and without the addition of lime and wheat straw. The experimental results suggest that samples with 6% of lime content and on 2% of wheat straw contents have shown the maximum value of compressive strength. The effect of baking temperature on the clayey soils has shown that maximum UCS is obtained at 200⁰C. The results also suggest reinforcement with 2% wheat straw, give 70.8% increase in the compressive strength compared to soil only, whereas the flooding resilience can be better resist by adding 6% lime and 2% wheat straw. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baked%20temperature" title="baked temperature">baked temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=submersion" title=" submersion"> submersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lime" title=" lime"> lime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniaxial" title=" uniaxial"> uniaxial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat%20straw" title=" wheat straw"> wheat straw</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53605/effect-of-baking-temperature-on-the-mechanical-properties-of-reinforced-clayey-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19509</span> On Erosion-Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in Oil Sands Slurry: Electrochemical Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Deyab">M. Deyab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al-Sabagh"> A. Al-Sabagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Keera"> S. Keera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of flow velocity, sand concentration, sand size and temperature on erosion-corrosion of carbon steel in oil sands slurry were studied by electrochemical polarization measurements. It was found that the anodic excursion spans of carbon steel in oil sands slurry are characterized by the occurrence of a well-defined anodic peak, followed by a passive region. The data reveal that increasing flow velocity, sand concentration and temperature enhances the anodic peak current density (jAP) and shifts pitting potential (Epit) towards more negative values. The variation of sand particle size does not have apparent effect on polarization behavior of carbon steel. The ratios of the erosion rate to corrosion rate (E/C) were calculated and discussed. The ratio of erosion to corrosion rates E/C increased with increasing the flow velocity, sand concentration, sand size and temperature indicating that an increasing slurry flow velocity, sand concentration, sand size and temperature resulted in an enhancement of the erosion effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion-corrosion" title="erosion-corrosion">erosion-corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel" title=" steel"> steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20sands%20slurry" title=" oil sands slurry"> oil sands slurry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarization" title=" polarization"> polarization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56992/on-erosion-corrosion-behavior-of-carbon-steel-in-oil-sands-slurry-electrochemical-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19508</span> Comparison between FEM Simulation and Experiment of Temperature Rise in Power Transformer Inner Steel Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byung%20hyun%20Bae">Byung hyun Bae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In power transformer, leakage magnetic flux generate temperature rise of inner steel plate. Sometimes, this temperature rise can be serious problem. If temperature of steel plate is over critical point, harmful gas will be generated in the tank. And this gas can be a reason of fire, explosion and life decrease. So, temperature rise forecasting of steel plate is very important at the design stage of power transformer. To improve accuracy of forecasting of temperature rise, comparison between simulation and experiment achieved in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20transformer" title="power transformer">power transformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20plate" title=" steel plate"> steel plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20rise" title=" temperature rise"> temperature rise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiment" title=" experiment"> experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12749/comparison-between-fem-simulation-and-experiment-of-temperature-rise-in-power-transformer-inner-steel-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12749.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19507</span> Calculation of Effective Masses and Curie Temperature of (Ga, Mn) as Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor from the Eight-band k.p Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khawlh%20A.%20Alzubaidi">Khawlh A. Alzubaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadijah%20B.%20Alziyadi"> Khadijah B. Alziyadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amor%20M.%20Alsayari"> Amor M. Alsayari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discovery of a dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) in which ferromagnetism is carrier-mediated and persists above room temperature is a major step toward the implementation of spintronic devices for processing, transferring, and storing of information. Among the many types of DMS materials which have been investigated, Mn-doped GaAs has become one of the best candidates for technological application. However, despite major developments over the last few decades, the maximum Curie temperature (~200 K) remains well below room temperature. In this work, we have studied the effect of Mn content and strain on the GaMnAs effective masses of electron, heavy and light holes calculated in the different crystallographic direction. Also, the Curie temperature in the DMS GaMnAs alloy is determined. Compilation of GaMnAs band parameters have been carried out using the 8-band k.p model based on Lowdin perturbation theory where spin orbit, sp-d exchange interaction, and biaxial strain are taken into account. Our results show that effective masses, calculated along the different crystallographic directions, have a strong dependence on strain, ranging from -2% (tensile strain) to 2% (compressive strain), and Mn content increased from 1 to 5%. The Curie temperature is determined within the mean-field approach based on the Zener model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diluted%20magnetic%20semiconductors" title="diluted magnetic semiconductors">diluted magnetic semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k.p%20method" title=" k.p method"> k.p method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20masses" title=" effective masses"> effective masses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curie%20temperature" title=" curie temperature"> curie temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain" title=" strain"> strain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162897/calculation-of-effective-masses-and-curie-temperature-of-ga-mn-as-diluted-magnetic-semiconductor-from-the-eight-band-kp-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19506</span> Synergistic Erosion–Corrosion Behavior of Petroleum Pipelines at Various Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Deyab">M. A. Deyab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al-Sabagh"> A. Al-Sabagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Keera"> S. Keera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of flow velocity, sand concentration, sand size and temperature on erosion-corrosion of petroleum pipelines (carbon steel) in the oil sands slurry were studied by electrochemical polarization measurements. It was found that the anodic excursion spans of carbon steel in the oil sands slurry are characterized by the occurrence of a well-defined anodic peak, followed by a passive region. The data reveal that increasing flow velocity, sand concentration and temperature enhances the anodic peak current density (jAP) and shifts pitting potential (Epit) towards more negative values. The variation of sand particle size does not have apparent effect on polarization behavior of carbon steel. The ratios of the erosion rate to corrosion rate (E/C) were calculated and discussed. The ratio of erosion to corrosion rates E/C increased with increasing the flow velocity, sand concentration, sand size, and temperature indicating that an increasing slurry flow velocity, sand concentration, sand size and temperature resulted in an enhancement of the erosion effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion-corrosion" title="erosion-corrosion">erosion-corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20sands%20slurry" title=" oil sands slurry"> oil sands slurry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarization" title=" polarization"> polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel" title=" steel"> steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60523/synergistic-erosion-corrosion-behavior-of-petroleum-pipelines-at-various-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19505</span> Studying the Intercalation of Low Density Polyethylene/Clay Nanocomposites after Different UV Exposures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Al-Zobaidi">Samir Al-Zobaidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study attempts to understand the effect of different UV irradiation methods on the intercalation of LDPE/MMT nanocomposites, and its molecular behavior at certain isothermal crystallization temperature. Three different methods of UV exposure were employed using single composition of LDPE/MMT nanocomposites. All samples were annealed for 5 hours at a crystallization temperature of 100°C. The crystallization temperature was chosen to be at large supercooling temperature to ensure quick and complete crystallization. The raw material of LDPE consisted of two stable monoclinic and orthorhombic phases according to XRD results. The thermal behavior of both phases acted differently when UV exposure method was changed. The monoclinic phase was more dependent on the method used compared to the orthorhombic phase. The intercalation of clay, as well as, the non-isothermal crystallization temperature, has also shown a clear dependency on the type of UV exposure. A third phase that is thermally less stable was also observed. Its respond to UV irradiation was greater since it contains low molecular weight entities which make it more vulnerable to any UV exposure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDPE%2FMMt%20nanocomposites" title="LDPE/MMt nanocomposites">LDPE/MMt nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallization" title=" crystallization"> crystallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV%20irradiation" title=" UV irradiation"> UV irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercalation" title=" intercalation"> intercalation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43463/studying-the-intercalation-of-low-density-polyethyleneclay-nanocomposites-after-different-uv-exposures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19504</span> Temperature Control and Comfort Level of Elementary School Building with Green Roof in New Taipei City, Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying-Ming%20Su">Ying-Ming Su</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Shu%20Huang"> Mei-Shu Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To mitigate the urban heat island effect has become a global issue facing the challenge of climate change. Through literature reviews, plant photosynthesis can reduce the carbon dioxide and mitigate the urban heat island effect relatively. Because there are not enough open space and park, green roof has become an important policy in Taiwan. We selected elementary school buildings in northern New Taipei City as research subjects since elementary school is asked priority to build green roof and important educational place to promote green roof concept. Testo 175-H1 recording device was used to record the temperature and humidity difference between roof surface and interior space below roof with and without green roof for the long-term. We also use questionnaire to investigate the awareness of comfort level of green roof and sensation of teachers and students of the elementary school. The results indicated the temperature of roof without greening was higher than that with greening about 2°C. But sometimes during noontime, the temperature of green roof was higher than that of non-green roof related to the character of the accumulation and dissipation of heat of greening probably. The temperature of interior space below green roof was normally lower than that without green roof about 1°C showed that green roof could lower the temperature. The humidity of the green roof was higher than the one without greening also indicated that green roof retained water better. Teachers liked to combine green roof concept in the curriculum, students wished all classes can take turns to maintain the green roof. Teachers and students that school had integrated green roof concept in the curriculum were more willing to participate in the maintenance work of green roof. Teachers and students who may access and touch the green roof can be more aware of the green roof benefit. We suggest architect to increase the accessibility and visibility of green roof, such as a part of the activity space. This idea can be a reference of the green roof curriculum design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort%20level" title="comfort level">comfort level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elementary%20school" title=" elementary school"> elementary school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20roof" title=" green roof"> green roof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20island%20effect" title=" heat island effect"> heat island effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24797/temperature-control-and-comfort-level-of-elementary-school-building-with-green-roof-in-new-taipei-city-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19503</span> Effect of Temperature on the Properties of Cement Paste Modified with Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karine%20Pimenta%20Teixeira">Karine Pimenta Teixeira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Flores"> Jessica Flores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isadora%20Perdig%C3%A3O%20Rocha"> Isadora PerdigãO Rocha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leticia%20De%20S%C3%A1%20Carneiro"> Leticia De Sá Carneiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Kamali"> Mahsa Kamali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ghahremaninezhad"> Ali Ghahremaninezhad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The advent of nanotechnology has enabled innovative solutions towards improving the behavior of infrastructure materials. Nanomaterials have the potential to revolutionize the construction industry by improving the performance and durability of construction materials, as well as imparting new functionalities to these materials. Due to variability in the environmental temperature during mixing and curing of cementitious materials in practice, it is important to understand how curing temperature influences the behavior of cementitious materials. In addition, high temperature curing is relevant in applications such as oil well cement and precast industry. Knowledge of the influence of temperature on the performance of cementitious materials modified with nanoparticles is important in the nanoengineering of cementitious materials in applications such as oil well cement and precast industry. This presentation aims to investigate the influence of temperature on the hydration, mechanical properties and durability of cementitious materials modified with TiO2 nanoparticles. It was found that temperature improved the early hydration. The cement pastes cured at high temperatures showed an increase in the compressive strength at early age but the strength gain decreased at late ages. The electrical resistivity of the cement pastes cured at high temperatures was shown to decrease more noticeably at late ages compared to that of the room temperature cured cement paste. SEM examination indicated that hydration product was more uniformly distributed in the microstructure of the cement paste cured at room temperature compared to the cement pastes cured at high temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20paste" title="cement paste">cement paste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydration" title=" hydration"> hydration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59309/effect-of-temperature-on-the-properties-of-cement-paste-modified-with-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19502</span> The Effect of Mixing and Degassing Conditions on the Properties of Epoxy/Anhydride Resin System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latha%20Krishnan">Latha Krishnan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Cobley"> Andrew Cobley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Epoxy resin is most widely used as matrices for composites of aerospace, automotive and electronic applications due to its outstanding mechanical properties. These properties are chiefly predetermined by the chemical structure of the prepolymer and type of hardener but can also be varied by the processing conditions such as prepolymer and hardener mixing, degassing and curing conditions. In this research, the effect of degassing on the curing behaviour and the void occurrence is experimentally evaluated for epoxy /anhydride resin system. The epoxy prepolymer was mixed with an anhydride hardener and accelerator in an appropriate quantity. In order to investigate the effect of degassing on the curing behaviour and void content of the resin, the uncured resin samples were prepared using three different methods: 1) no degassing 2) degassing on prepolymer and 3) degassing on mixed solution of prepolymer and hardener with an accelerator. The uncured resins were tested in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to observe the changes in curing behaviour of the above three resin samples by analysing factors such as gel temperature, peak cure temperature and heat of reaction/heat flow in curing. Additionally, the completely cured samples were tested in DSC to identify the changes in the glass transition temperature (Tg) between the three samples. In order to evaluate the effect of degassing on the void content and morphology changes in the cured epoxy resin, the fractured surfaces of cured epoxy resin were examined under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Also, the changes in the mechanical properties of the cured resin were studied by three-point bending test. It was found that degassing at different stages of resin mixing had significant effects on properties such as glass transition temperature, the void content and void size of the epoxy/anhydride resin system. For example, degassing (vacuum applied on the mixed resin) has shown higher glass transition temperature (Tg) with lower void content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anhydride%20epoxy" title="anhydride epoxy">anhydride epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing%20behaviour" title=" curing behaviour"> curing behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degassing" title=" degassing"> degassing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=void%20occurrence" title=" void occurrence"> void occurrence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50452/the-effect-of-mixing-and-degassing-conditions-on-the-properties-of-epoxyanhydride-resin-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19501</span> The Effect of Wool Mulch on Plant Development in the Light of Soil Physical and Soil Biological Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katalin%20Juhos">Katalin Juhos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enik%C5%91%20Papdi"> Enikő Papdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fl%C3%B3ri%C3%A1n%20Kov%C3%A1cs"> Flórián Kovács</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasileios%20P.%20Vasileiadis"> Vasileios P. Vasileiadis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrea%20Veres"> Andrea Veres</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mulching techniques can be a solution for better utilization of precipitation and irrigation water and for mitigating soil degradation and drought damages. Waste fibres as alternative biodegradable mulch materials are increasingly coming to the fore. The effect of wool mulch (WM) on water use efficiency of pepper seedlings were investigated in different soil types (sand, clay loam, peat) in a pot experiment. Two semi-field experiments were also set up to investigate the effect of WM-plant interaction on sweet pepper yield in comparison with agro-textile and straw mulches. Soil parameters (moisture, temperature, DHA, β-glucosidase enzymes, permanganate-oxidizable carbon) were measured during the growing season. The effect of WM on yield and biomass was more significant with less frequent irrigation and the greater the water capacity of soils. The microbiological activity was significantly higher in the presence of plants, because of the water retention of WM, the metabolic products of roots and the more balanced soil temperature caused by plants. On the sandy soil, the straw mulch had a significantly better effect on microbiological parameters and yields than the agro-textile and WM. WM is a sustainable practice for improving soil biological parameters and water use efficiency on soils with a higher water capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-glucosidase" title="β-glucosidase">β-glucosidase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DHA%20enzyme%20activity%3B%20labile%20carbon" title=" DHA enzyme activity; labile carbon"> DHA enzyme activity; labile carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=straw%20mulch%3B%20plastic%20mulch" title=" straw mulch; plastic mulch"> straw mulch; plastic mulch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evapotranspira-tion%20coefficient" title=" evapotranspira-tion coefficient"> evapotranspira-tion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20temperature" title=" soil temperature"> soil temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161122/the-effect-of-wool-mulch-on-plant-development-in-the-light-of-soil-physical-and-soil-biological-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19500</span> Temperature Distribution for Asphalt Concrete-Concrete Composite Pavement </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tetsya%20Sok">Tetsya Sok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong%20Jae%20Hong"> Seong Jae Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Kyu%20Kim"> Young Kyu Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Woo%20Lee"> Seung Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The temperature distribution for asphalt concrete (AC)-Concrete composite pavement is one of main influencing factor that affects to performance life of pavement. The temperature gradient in concrete slab underneath the AC layer results the critical curling stress and lead to causes de-bonding of AC-Concrete interface. These stresses, when enhanced by repetitive axial loadings, also contribute to the fatigue damage and eventual crack development within the slab. Moreover, the temperature change within concrete slab extremely causes the slab contracts and expands that significantly induces reflective cracking in AC layer. In this paper, the numerical prediction of pavement temperature was investigated using one-dimensional finite different method (FDM) in fully explicit scheme. The numerical predicted model provides a fundamental and clear understanding of heat energy balance including incoming and outgoing thermal energies in addition to dissipated heat in the system. By using the reliable meteorological data for daily air temperature, solar radiation, wind speech and variable pavement surface properties, the predicted pavement temperature profile was validated with the field measured data. Additionally, the effects of AC thickness and daily air temperature on the temperature profile in underlying concrete were also investigated. Based on obtained results, the numerical predicted temperature of AC-Concrete composite pavement using FDM provided a good accuracy compared to field measured data and thicker AC layer significantly insulates the temperature distribution in underlying concrete slab. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20concrete" title="asphalt concrete">asphalt concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20different%20method%20%28FDM%29" title=" finite different method (FDM)"> finite different method (FDM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curling%20effect" title=" curling effect"> curling effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20radiation" title=" solar radiation"> solar radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71084/temperature-distribution-for-asphalt-concrete-concrete-composite-pavement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19499</span> Combined Effect of High Curing Temperature and Crack Width on Chloride Migration in Reinforced Concrete Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elkedrouci%20Lotfi">Elkedrouci Lotfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diao%20Bo"> Diao Bo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pang%20Sen"> Pang Sen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Yi"> Li Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Deterioration of reinforced concrete structures is a serious concern in the construction engineering, largely due to chloride induced corrosion of reinforcement. Chloride penetration is markedly influenced by one or several major factors at the same time such as cuing in combination with different crack widths which have spectacular effect on reinforced concrete structures. This research presents the results of an experimental investigation involving reinforced concrete beams with three different crack widths ranging from 0 to 0.2mm, curing temperatures of 20°C or 40°C and water-to-cement of 0.5. Chloride content profiles were determined under non-steady state diffusion at 20°C. Based on the obtained results, higher chloride content was obtained under condition of high curing temperature in combination with large crack more than 0.1mm and there are no significant differences between narrow crack width (less than 0.1 mm) and beams without crack (0mm). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20width" title="crack width">crack width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20curing%20temperature" title=" high curing temperature"> high curing temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20chloride%20migration" title=" rapid chloride migration"> rapid chloride migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20beam" title=" reinforced concrete beam"> reinforced concrete beam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84151/combined-effect-of-high-curing-temperature-and-crack-width-on-chloride-migration-in-reinforced-concrete-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19498</span> Elevated Temperature Shot Peening for M50 Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinxin%20Ma">Xinxin Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangze%20Tang"> Guangze Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuxin%20Yang"> Shuxin Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinguang%20He"> Jinguang He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fan%20Zhang"> Fan Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peiling%20Sun"> Peiling Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Liu"> Ming Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minyu%20Sun"> Minyu Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liqin%20Wang"> Liqin Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a traditional surface hardening technique, shot peening is widely used in industry. By using shot peening, a residual compressive stress is formed in the surface which is beneficial for improving the fatigue life of metal materials. At the same time, very fine grains and high density defects are generated in the surface layer which enhances the surface hardness, either. However, most of the processes are carried out at room temperature. For high strength steel, such as M50, the thickness of the strengthen layer is limited. In order to obtain a thick strengthen surface layer, elevated temperature shot peening was carried out in this work by using Φ1mm cast ion balls with a speed of 80m/s. Considering the tempering temperature of M50 steel is about 550 oC, the processing temperature was in the range from 300 to 500 oC. The effect of processing temperature and processing time of shot peening on distribution of residual stress and surface hardness was investigated. As we known, the working temperature of M50 steel can be as high as 315 oC. Because the defects formed by shot peening are unstable when the working temperature goes higher, it is worthy to understand what happens during the shot peening process, and what happens when the strengthen samples were kept at a certain temperature. In our work, the shot peening time was selected from 2 to 10 min. And after the strengthening process, the samples were annealed at various temperatures from 200 to 500 oC up to 60 h. The results show that the maximum residual compressive stress is near 900 MPa. Compared with room temperature shot peening, the strengthening depth of 500 oC shot peening sample is about 2 times deep. The surface hardness increased with the processing temperature, and the saturation peening time decreases. After annealing, the residual compressive stress decreases, however, for 500 oC peening sample, even annealing at 500 oC for 20 h, the residual compressive stress is still over 600 MPa. However, it is clean to see from SEM that the grain size of surface layers is still very small. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shot%20peening" title="shot peening">shot peening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M50%20steel" title=" M50 steel"> M50 steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20compressive%20stress" title=" residual compressive stress"> residual compressive stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elevated%20temperature" title=" elevated temperature "> elevated temperature </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28286/elevated-temperature-shot-peening-for-m50-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19497</span> Precipitation and Age Hardening in Al-Mg-Si-(Cu) Alloys for Automotive Body Sheet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahar%20Abid">Tahar Abid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haoues%20Ghouss"> Haoues Ghouss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Boubertakh"> Abdelhamid Boubertakh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This present work is focused on the hardening precipitation in two AlMgSi(Cu) automotive body sheets. The effect of pre-aging, aging treatment and 0.10 wt % copper addition on the hardening response was investigated using scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Vickers microhardness measurements (Hv). The results reveal the apparition of α-AlFeSi, α-AlFe(Mn)Si type precipitates frequently present and witch remain stable at high temperature in Al-Mg-Si alloys. Indeed, the hardening response in both sheets is certainly due to the predominance of very fine typical phases β' and β'' as rods and needles developed during aging with and without pre-aging. The effect of pre ageing just after homogenization and quenching is to correct the undesirable effect of aging at ambient temperature by making faster alloy hardening during artificial aging.The addition of 0.10 wt % copper has allowed to refine and to enhance the precipitation hardening after quenching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AlMgSi%20alloys" title="AlMgSi alloys">AlMgSi alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20energy" title=" activation energy"> activation energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166964/precipitation-and-age-hardening-in-al-mg-si-cu-alloys-for-automotive-body-sheet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect&page=5" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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