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Litt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kana"> A. Kana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20House"> K. House</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The primary aim of this patient-related experience questionnaire was to gain a better understanding of our patients' experience as inpatients when they undergo orthognathic surgery. The secondary aim of this study was to identify ways in which we can improve the orthognathic inpatient experience and to share this with other units. All patients who received orthognathic surgery at an NHS hospital - Bristol Royal Infirmary, England, over the course of 6 months were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their care. This data was then analysed and compared to the same questionnaire given to patients treated in a private hospital where orthognathic surgery was completed. All treatment was completed by the same surgeon. The design of the questions took into account NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) guidance on improving the experience of patient care. Particularly taking into account patients' essential requirements of care, for example, assessing and managing pain, ensuring adequate and appropriate nutrition, and ensuring the patients' personal needs are regularly reviewed and addressed. Overall the patient-related experience after orthognathic surgery was comparable in both the NHS and private hospitals. However, the questionnaire highlighted aspects of inpatient care after orthognathic surgery that can easily be improved in order to provide our patients with the best possible care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title="orthognathic surgery">orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20feedback" title=" patient feedback"> patient feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jaw%20surgery" title=" jaw surgery"> jaw surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inpatient%20experience" title=" inpatient experience"> inpatient experience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130924/patient-reported-experience-of-in-patient-orthognathic-care-in-an-nhs-hospital-in-comparison-to-a-private-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> The Role of Gastric Decompression on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Orthognathic Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minna%20Salim">Minna Salim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Brady"> James Brady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Postoperative nausea and pain (PONV) are adverse effects following surgical procedures. It is especially pronounced in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, as their mouth is closed postoperatively using wires or rubber bands. Postoperative mouth closure increases the discomfort and risk of complications associated with nausea and vomiting. Many surgeons and institutions apply gastric decompression in hopes of aspirating stomach contents and, therefore, decreasing PONV incidence. This review observed that PONV incidence was not affected by gastric decompression overall. However, the effect of gastric decompression on PONV in orthognathic surgery was variable. This paper aims to summarize the findings of gastric decompression on PONV and to determine the need for it in orthognathic surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastric%20decompression" title="gastric decompression">gastric decompression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nasogastric%20tube" title=" nasogastric tube"> nasogastric tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title=" orthognathic surgery"> orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postoperative%20nausea" title=" postoperative nausea"> postoperative nausea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vomiting" title=" vomiting"> vomiting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169720/the-role-of-gastric-decompression-on-postoperative-nausea-and-vomiting-in-orthognathic-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Aesthetic Modification with Combined Orthognathic Surgery and Closed Rhinoplasty</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandro%20Marano">Alessandro Marano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: The author describes the aesthetic modification using orthognathic surgery and closed rhinoplasty. Methods: Series of case study. After orthognathic surgery we can observe a dramatical change of aesthetic especially in the mid-face and nose projection. The advancement of maxillary bone through Le Fort I osteotomy will change the nasal tip projection and lips roundness; combining orthognathic surgery with closed approach rhinoplasty will manage both function and aesthetic of all mid face district. Results: Combining Le Fort I osteotomy with closed approach rhinoplasty resulted in good objective results with high patient satisfaction. Le Fort I osteotomy will increase projection of mid face and the closed approach rhinoplasty will modify the nasal shape to be more harmonic with the new maxillary district. The scars are not visible because hidden inside the mouth and nose. Conclusions: The orthognathic surgery combined with closed approach rhinoplasty are very effective for changing the aesthetic of the mid face. The results illustrate the difference between the use of orthognathic surgery only and to use it in association of closed approach rhinoplasty. Using both will allow to obtain a long lasting and pleasing results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic" title="orthognathic">orthognathic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhinoplasty" title=" rhinoplasty"> rhinoplasty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aesthetic" title=" aesthetic"> aesthetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face" title=" face"> face</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149677/aesthetic-modification-with-combined-orthognathic-surgery-and-closed-rhinoplasty" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> A Quality Improvement Project to Assess the Impact of Orthognathic Surgery on the Quality of Life of Patients: Pre-Operatively versus Post-Operatively</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiona%20Lourenco">Fiona Lourenco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Allen"> William Allen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dentofacial deformities are primarily surgically treated via orthognathic surgery. Health-related quality of life is concerned with aspects of quality of life that relate specifically to an individual’s health. Design and Setting: Retrospective analysis of patients who had orthognathic surgery from January 2018 - December 2022 at the trust using the previously validated Orthognathic Quality of Life questionnaire (OQoL). Materials and Methods: 32 Patient questionnaires (which included pre-operative and post-operative separate sections) were obtained via telephone survey. The data was analysed using the two-tailed paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The change in perception post-surgery was highly significant (both tests resulted in p<0.001 for overall analysis as well as for each domain). Overall, a 74% improvement in QoL was seen following orthognathic surgery. Reports of improvement in each domain were as follows: 71% in the social aspect of the deformity domain, 76% in facial aesthetics, 60% in function, and 57% improvement in awareness of facial deformity. Conclusion: The assessment of QoL is becoming progressively imperative in clinical research. The above data shows that orthognathic surgery has a significant improvement in the QoL of patients post-operatively. The results demonstrate improvement in all domains, with perceptions in facial aesthetics seeing the highest change post-operatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentofacial" title="dentofacial">dentofacial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral" title=" oral"> oral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facial%20asymmetry" title=" facial asymmetry"> facial asymmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title=" orthognathic surgery"> orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176753/a-quality-improvement-project-to-assess-the-impact-of-orthognathic-surgery-on-the-quality-of-life-of-patients-pre-operatively-versus-post-operatively" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Hilotherapy in Orthognathic Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Gharooni-Dowrani">N. Gharooni-Dowrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Gharooni-Dowrani"> B. Gharooni-Dowrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The benefits of hilotherapy following orthogonathic surgery have been explored in recent years, demonstrating reduction in patient pain and swelling post-operatively. However, hilotherapy is not always widely accessible to all patients following orthognathic surgery. In this study, 50 patients were examined at Luton and Dunstable Hospital, half (25) of which used hilotherm masks post operatively and half of which opted for traditional ice packs in order to aid recovery. This study demonstrated that the use of hilotherapy reduced patient pain when analgesia need and use were analysed, as well as shortening inpatient stay. Although no current hilotherm masks are available without rental services in our trust, this study demonstrated the positive outcomes that they may bring, which may be worth future investment for our department. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title="orthognathic surgery">orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontics" title=" orthodontics"> orthodontics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hilotherapy" title=" hilotherapy"> hilotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OMFS" title=" OMFS"> OMFS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176488/hilotherapy-in-orthognathic-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Correction of Skeletal Deformity by Surgical Approach – A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davender%20Kumar">Davender Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virender%20Singh"> Virender Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rekha%20Sharma"> Rekha Sharma </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Correction of skeletal deformities in adult patients with orthodontics is limited. In adult severe cases, the combined approach, orthodontic and orthognathic surgery, is always the treatment of choice, and the results obtained usually ensure a better esthetic, functional, and stable results Orthognathic surgery is the best option for cases when camouflage treatment is questionable and growth modulation is not possible. This case report illustrates the benefit of the team approach in correcting mandible retrusion along with class II skeletal deformity with 100% deep bite. Correction was achieved by anterior repositioning of mandible osteotomy along with orthodontic treatment. The patient's facial appearance was markedly improved along with functional and stable occlusion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camouflage" title="camouflage">camouflage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal" title=" skeletal"> skeletal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic" title=" orthognathic"> orthognathic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental" title=" dental"> dental</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37859/correction-of-skeletal-deformity-by-surgical-approach-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Effect of Mindfulness-Based Self-Care Training on Self-Esteem and Body Image Concern on Candidate Patients of Orthognathic Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamide%20Azimi%20Lolaty">Hamide Azimi Lolaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fateme%20Alsadat%20Ghanipoor"> Fateme Alsadat Ghanipoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azar%20Ramzani"> Azar Ramzani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Ali%20Mohammadpoor"> Reza Ali Mohammadpoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Babaei"> Alireza Babaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objective: Despite the merits behind orthognathic surgery, self-care training in such patients seems logical. The current research was performed pursuing the goal of outlining the effect of training mindfulness-based self-care on Self-Esteem (SE) and Body Image Concern (BIC) of orthognathic surgery candidate patients. Material and Methods: The present study was performed using a semi-experimental method with pre-and post-design in the control and intervention groups. The eligible patients to enter the Babol-based Shahid Beheshti Orthognathic Surgery Clinic were conveniently divided into two 25-person groups. The variables of Self-Esteem and Body Image Concern were measured before and after executing the eight 90-minute training sessions and in the follow-up period done three months after executing the intervention using Cooper Smith’s Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) and Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and the independent t-test and using SPSS-26, the data were analyzed at a 0.05 level. Results: As a result of the intervention, the intervention group’s SE score critically changed on average from 25.4±7.31 in the pre-intervention to 31.16±7.05 in the post-intervention and to 40.45±3.51 in the follow-up period (P=0.01), the intervention group’s BIC score changed on average from 60.28±16.47 in the pre-intervention to 47.15±80.47 in the post-intervention and to 32.20 ± 10.73 in the follow-up period. This difference was meaningful (P=0.001). But due to time and the intervention interaction, the control group underwent this significant reduction with a delay. The study revealed the scores of the SE as 32± 6.84 and that of the BIC as 43.32±10.64 in the control group didn’t result in any meaningful statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Training mindfulness-based self-care exerts an effect on the SE and BIC of the patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Therefore, it’s recommended to train mindfulness-based self-care for orthognathic surgery candidate patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-care" title="self-care">self-care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mindfulness" title=" mindfulness"> mindfulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-esteem" title=" self-esteem"> self-esteem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20image%20concern" title=" body image concern"> body image concern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title=" orthognathic surgery"> orthognathic surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151842/effect-of-mindfulness-based-self-care-training-on-self-esteem-and-body-image-concern-on-candidate-patients-of-orthognathic-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Improving Access and Quality of Patient Information Resources for Orthognathic Treatment: A Quality Improvement Project</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evelyn%20Marie%20Richmond">Evelyn Marie Richmond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20McBride"> Andrew McBride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20Johnston"> Chris Johnston</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Marley"> John Marley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Good quality patient information resources for orthognathic treatment help to reinforce information delivered during the initial consultation and help patients make informed decisions about their care. The Consultant Orthodontists and a Dental Core Trainee noted limited patient engagement with the British Orthodontic Society (BOS) 'Your Jaw Surgery' online resources and that the existing BOS patient information leaflet (PIL) could be customised and developed to meet local requirements. Aim: The quality improvement project (QIP) aimed to improve patients' understanding of orthognathic treatment by ensuring at least 90% of patients had read the new in-house patient information leaflet (PIL) and a minimum of 50% of patients had accessed the British Orthodontic Society (BOS) 'Your Jaw Surgery' online resources before attending the joint orthognathic multidisciplinary clinic by June 2023. Methods: The QIP was undertaken in the orthodontic department of the School of Dentistry, Belfast. Data was collected prospectively during a 6-month period from January 2023 to June 2023 over 3 Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycles. Suitable patients were identified at consultant orthodontic new patient clinics. Following initial consultation for orthognathic treatment, patients were contacted to complete a patient questionnaire. Design: The change ideas were a poster with a QR code directing patients to the BOS 'Your Jaw Surgery' website in consultation areas and a new in-house PIL with a QR code directing patients to the BOS 'Your Jaw Surgery' website. Results: In PDSA cycle 1, 86.7% of patients were verbally directed to the BOS 'Your Jaw Surgery' website, and 53.3% accessed the online resources after their initial consultation. Although 100% of patients reported reading the existing PIL, only 64.3% felt it discussed the risks of orthognathic treatment in sufficient detail. By PDSA cycle 3, 100% of patients reported being directed to the BOS 'Your Jaw Surgery' website, however, only 58.3% engaged with the website. 100% of patients who read the new PIL felt that it discussed the risks of orthognathic treatment in sufficient detail. Conclusion: The slight improvement in access to the BOS 'Your Jaw Surgery' website shows that patients do not necessarily choose to access information online despite its availability. The uptake of the new PIL was greater than reported patient engagement with the BOS 'Your Jaw Surgery' website, which indicates patients still value written information despite the availability of online resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title="orthognathic surgery">orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20information%20resources" title=" patient information resources"> patient information resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20improvement%20project" title=" quality improvement project"> quality improvement project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risks" title=" risks"> risks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173803/improving-access-and-quality-of-patient-information-resources-for-orthognathic-treatment-a-quality-improvement-project" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Evaluation of Condyle Alterations after Orthognathic Surgery with a Digital Image Processing Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Livia%20Eisler">Livia Eisler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristiane%20C.%20B.%20Alves"> Cristiane C. B. Alves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20L.%20F.%20Ortolani"> Cristina L. F. Ortolani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kurt%20Faltin%20Jr."> Kurt Faltin Jr.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This paper proposes a technically simple diagnosis method among orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons in order to evaluate discrete bone alterations. The methodology consists of a protocol to optimize the diagnosis and minimize the possibility for orthodontic and ortho-surgical retreatment. Materials and Methods: A protocol of image processing and analysis, through ImageJ software and its plugins, was applied to 20 pairs of lateral cephalometric images obtained from cone beam computerized tomographies, before and 1 year after undergoing orthognathic surgery. The optical density of the images was analyzed in the condylar region to determine possible bone alteration after surgical correction. Results: Image density was shown to be altered in all image pairs, especially regarding the condyle contours. According to measures, condyle had a gender-related density reduction for p=0.05 and condylar contours had their alterations registered in mm. Conclusion: A simple, viable and cost-effective technique can be applied to achieve the more detailed image-based diagnosis, not depending on the human eye and therefore, offering more reliable, quantitative results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20resorption" title="bone resorption">bone resorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-assisted%20image%20processing" title=" computer-assisted image processing"> computer-assisted image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontics" title=" orthodontics"> orthodontics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title=" orthognathic surgery"> orthognathic surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96814/evaluation-of-condyle-alterations-after-orthognathic-surgery-with-a-digital-image-processing-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Replacement of the Distorted Dentition of the Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scan Models for Orthognathic Surgery Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Almutairi">T. Almutairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Naudi"> K. Naudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Nairn"> N. Nairn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X.%20Ju"> X. Ju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Eng"> B. Eng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Whitters"> J. Whitters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ayoub"> A. Ayoub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: At present Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging does not record dental morphology accurately due to the scattering produced by metallic restorations and the reported magnification. The aim of this pilot study is the development and validation of a new method for the replacement of the distorted dentition of CBCT scans with the dental image captured by the digital intraoral camera. Materials and Method: Six dried skulls with orthodontics brackets on the teeth were used in this study. Three intra-oral markers made of dental stone were constructed which were attached to orthodontics brackets. The skulls were CBCT scanned, and occlusal surface was captured using TRIOS® 3D intraoral scanner. Marker based and surface based registrations were performed to fuse the digital intra-oral scan(IOS) into the CBCT models. This produced a new composite digital model of the skull and dentition. The skulls were scanned again using the commercially accurate Laser Faro® arm to produce the 'gold standard' model for the assessment of the accuracy of the developed method. The accuracy of the method was assessed by measuring the distance between the occlusal surfaces of the new composite model and the 'gold standard' 3D model of the skull and teeth. The procedure was repeated a week apart to measure the reproducibility of the method. Results: The results showed no statistically significant difference between the measurements on the first and second occasions. The absolute mean distance between the new composite model and the laser model ranged between 0.11 mm to 0.20 mm. Conclusion: The dentition of the CBCT can be accurately replaced with the dental image captured by the intra-oral scanner to create a composite model. This method will improve the accuracy of orthognathic surgical prediction planning, with the final goal of the fabrication of a physical occlusal wafer without to guide orthognathic surgery and eliminate the need for dental impression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title="orthognathic surgery">orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superimposition" title=" superimposition"> superimposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=models" title=" models"> models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cone%20beam%20computed%20tomography" title=" cone beam computed tomography"> cone beam computed tomography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89030/replacement-of-the-distorted-dentition-of-the-cone-beam-computed-tomography-scan-models-for-orthognathic-surgery-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> A Radiographic Superimposition in Orthognathic Surgery of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Suryaprawira">Albert Suryaprawira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Patients requiring correction of severe Class III skeletal discrepancy historically has been among the most challenging treatments for orthodontists. Correction of an aesthetic and functional problem is crucially important. This is a case report of an adult male aged 18 years who complained of difficulty in chewing and speaking. Patient has a prominent profile with mandibular excess. The pre-treatment cephalometric radiograph was taken to analyse the skeletal problem and to measure the amount of bone movement and the prediction soft tissue response. The panoramic radiograph was also taken to analyse bone quality, bone abnormality, third molar impaction, etc. Before the surgery, the pre-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to re-evaluate the plan and to settle the final amount of bone cut. After the surgery, the post-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to confirm the result with the plan. The superimposition between those radiographs was performed to analyse the outcome. It includes the superimposition of the cranial base, maxilla, and mandible. Superimposition is important to describe the amount of hard and soft tissue movement. It is also important to predict the possibility of relapse after the surgery. The patient needs to understand all the surgical plan, outcome and relapse prevention. The surgery included mandibular set back by bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. Although the discrepancy was severe using this combination of treatment and the use of radiographic superimposition, an aesthetically pleasing and stable result was achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cephalometric" title="cephalometric">cephalometric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mandibular%20set%20back" title=" mandibular set back"> mandibular set back</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic" title=" orthognathic"> orthognathic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superimposition" title=" superimposition"> superimposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64873/a-radiographic-superimposition-in-orthognathic-surgery-of-class-iii-skeletal-malocclusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Automated Facial Symmetry Assessment for Orthognathic Surgery: Utilizing 3D Contour Mapping and Hyperdimensional Computing-Based Machine Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Chung%20Chiang">Wen-Chung Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lun-Jou%20Lo"> Lun-Jou Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiu-Hsia%20Lin"> Hsiu-Hsia Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to improve the evaluation of facial symmetry, which is crucial for planning and assessing outcomes in orthognathic surgery (OGS). Facial symmetry plays a key role in both aesthetic and functional aspects of OGS, making its accurate evaluation essential for optimal surgical results. To address the limitations of traditional methods, a different approach was developed, combining three-dimensional (3D) facial contour mapping with hyperdimensional (HD) computing to enhance precision and efficiency in symmetry assessments. The study was conducted at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, where data were collected from 2018 to 2023 using 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), a highly detailed imaging technique. A large and comprehensive dataset was compiled, consisting of 150 normal individuals and 2,800 patients, totaling 5,750 preoperative and postoperative facial images. These data were critical for training a machine learning model designed to analyze and quantify facial symmetry. The machine learning model was trained to process 3D contour data from the CBCT images, with HD computing employed to power the facial symmetry quantification system. This combination of technologies allowed for an objective and detailed analysis of facial features, surpassing the accuracy and reliability of traditional symmetry assessments, which often rely on subjective visual evaluations by clinicians. In addition to developing the system, the researchers conducted a retrospective review of 3D CBCT data from 300 patients who had undergone OGS. The patients’ facial images were analyzed both before and after surgery to assess the clinical utility of the proposed system. The results showed that the facial symmetry algorithm achieved an overall accuracy of 82.5%, indicating its robustness in real-world clinical applications. Postoperative analysis revealed a significant improvement in facial symmetry, with an average score increase of 51%. The mean symmetry score rose from 2.53 preoperatively to 3.89 postoperatively, demonstrating the system's effectiveness in quantifying improvements after OGS. These results underscore the system's potential for providing valuable feedback to surgeons and aiding in the refinement of surgical techniques. The study also led to the development of a web-based system that automates facial symmetry assessment. This system integrates HD computing and 3D contour mapping into a user-friendly platform that allows for rapid and accurate evaluations. Clinicians can easily access this system to perform detailed symmetry assessments, making it a practical tool for clinical settings. Additionally, the system facilitates better communication between clinicians and patients by providing objective, easy-to-understand symmetry scores, which can help patients visualize the expected outcomes of their surgery. In conclusion, this study introduced a valuable and highly effective approach to facial symmetry evaluation in OGS, combining 3D contour mapping, HD computing, and machine learning. The resulting system achieved high accuracy and offers a streamlined, automated solution for clinical use. The development of the web-based platform further enhances its practicality, making it a valuable tool for improving surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction in orthognathic surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facial%20symmetry" title="facial symmetry">facial symmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title=" orthognathic surgery"> orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facial%20contour%20mapping" title=" facial contour mapping"> facial contour mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperdimensional%20computing" title=" hyperdimensional computing"> hyperdimensional computing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192573/automated-facial-symmetry-assessment-for-orthognathic-surgery-utilizing-3d-contour-mapping-and-hyperdimensional-computing-based-machine-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> A Case Study of Meningoencephalitis following Le Fort I Osteotomy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryan%20Goh">Ryan Goh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20Beech"> Nicholas Beech</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Le Fort I Osteotomies, although are common procedures in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, carry a degree of risk of unfavourable propagation of the down-fracture of the maxilla. This may be the first reported case in the literature for meningoencephalitis to occur following a Le Fort I Osteotomy. Case: A 32-year-old female was brought into the Emergency Department four days after a Le Fort I Osteotomy, with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 8 (E3V1M4). A Computed Tomography (CT) Head showed a skull base fracture at the right sphenoid sinus. Lumbar puncture was completed, and Klebsiella oxytoca was found in the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF). She was treated with Meropenem, and rapidly improved thereafter. CSF rhinorrhoea was identified when she was extubated, which was successfully managed via a continuous lumbar drain. She was discharged on day 14 without any neurological deficits. Conclusion: The most likely aspect of the Le Fort I Osteotomy to obtain a skull base fracture is during the pterygomaxillary disjunction. Care should always be taken to avoid significant risks of skull base fractures, CSF rhinorrhoea, meningitis and encephalitis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meningitis" title="meningitis">meningitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic%20surgery" title=" orthognathic surgery"> orthognathic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-operative%20complication" title=" post-operative complication"> post-operative complication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skull%20base" title=" skull base"> skull base</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhinorrhea" title=" rhinorrhea"> rhinorrhea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137431/a-case-study-of-meningoencephalitis-following-le-fort-i-osteotomy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> A Cephalometric Superimposition of a Skeletal Class III Orthognathic Patient on Nasion-Sella Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Suryaprawira">Albert Suryaprawira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Nasion-Sella Line (NSL) has been used for several years as a reference line in longitudinal growth study. Therefore this line is considered to be stable not only to evaluate treatment outcome and to predict relapse possibility but also to manage prognosis. This is a radiographic superimposition of an adult male aged 19 years who complained of difficulty in aesthetic, talking and chewing. Patient has a midface hypoplasia profile (concave). He was diagnosed to have a severe Skeletal Class III with Class III malocclusion, increased lower vertical height, and an anterior open bite. A pre-treatment cephalometric radiograph was taken to analyse the skeletal problem and to measure the amount of bone movement and the prediction soft tissue response. A panoramic radiograph was also taken to analyse bone quality, bone abnormality, third molar impaction, etc. Before the surgery, a pre-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to re-evaluate the plan and to settle the final amount of bone cut. After the surgery, a post-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to confirm the result with the plan. The superimposition using NSL as a reference line between those radiographs was performed to analyse the outcome. It is important to describe the amount of hard and soft tissue movement and to predict the possibility of relapse after the surgery. The patient also needs to understand all the surgical plan, outcome and relapse prevention. The surgical management included maxillary impaction and advancement of Le Fort I osteotomy. The evaluation using NSL as a reference was a very useful method in determining the outcome and prognosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasion-Sella%20Line" title="Nasion-Sella Line">Nasion-Sella Line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=midface%20hypoplasia" title=" midface hypoplasia"> midface hypoplasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Le%20Fort%201" title=" Le Fort 1"> Le Fort 1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maxillary%20advancement" title=" maxillary advancement"> maxillary advancement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87943/a-cephalometric-superimposition-of-a-skeletal-class-iii-orthognathic-patient-on-nasion-sella-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Cephalometric Changes of Patient with Class II Division 1 [Malocclusion] Post Orthodontic Treatment with Growth Stimulation: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pricillia%20Priska%20Sianita">Pricillia Priska Sianita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An aesthetic facial profile is one of the goals in Orthodontics treatment. However, this is not easily achieved, especially in patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion who have the clinical characteristics of convex profile and significant skeletal discrepancy due to mandibular growth deficiency. Malocclusion with skeletal problems require proper treatment timing for growth stimulation, and it must be done in early age and in need of good cooperation from the patient. If this is not done and the patient has passed the growth period, the ideal treatment is orthognathic surgery which is more complicated and more painful. The growth stimulation of skeletal malocclusion requires a careful cephalometric evaluation ranging from diagnosis to determine the parts that require stimulation to post-treatment evaluation to see the success achieved through changes in the measurement of the skeletal parameters shown in the cephalometric analysis. This case report aims to describe skeletal changes cephalometrically that were achieved through orthodontic treatment in growing period. Material and method: Lateral Cephalograms, pre-treatment, and post-treatment of cases of Class II Division 1 malocclusion is selected from a collection of cephalometric radiographic in a private clinic. The Cephalogram is then traced and measured for the skeletal parameters. The result is noted as skeletal condition data of pre-treatment and post-treatment. Furthermore, superimposition is done to see the changes achieved. The results show that growth stimulation through orthodontic treatment can solve the skeletal problem of Class II Division 1 malocclusion and the skeletal changes that occur can be verified through cephalometric analysis. The skeletal changes have an impact on the improvement of patient's facial profile. To sum up, the treatment timing on a skeletal malocclusion is very important to obtain satisfactory results for the improvement of the aesthetic facial profile, and skeletal changes can be verified through cephalometric evaluation of pre- and post-treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cephalometric%20evaluation" title="cephalometric evaluation">cephalometric evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=class%20II%20division%201%20malocclusion" title=" class II division 1 malocclusion"> class II division 1 malocclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20stimulation" title=" growth stimulation"> growth stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20changes" title=" skeletal changes"> skeletal changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20problems" title=" skeletal problems"> skeletal problems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64828/cephalometric-changes-of-patient-with-class-ii-division-1-malocclusion-post-orthodontic-treatment-with-growth-stimulation-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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