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<!DOCTYPE html><html xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><title>ADW: Home</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript" src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-migrate-3.3.2.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/compat.js"></script><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://animaldiversity.org/favicon.ico" /><link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Gentium+Book+Basic:400,400italic,700,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/pica.styles.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/pica.print.css" media="print" /> <link rel="stylesheet" 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hidden"><a href="/accounts/Limax_maximus/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/cal_photos/0465/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="714" alt="Photo of Limax maximus" id="idm145" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Dugesia_tigrina/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/mauricio_munoz/Dugesia_tigrina/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="532" alt="Photo of Dugesia tigrina" id="idm221" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Aplysina_archeri/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/Grzimek_inverts/Demospongiae/Aplysina_archeri/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="529" alt="Photo of Aplysina archeri" id="idm289" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Taeniura_lymma/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/jeffrey_jeffords/fish/ray/medium.jpg" data-height="430" data-width="612" alt="Photo of Taeniura lymma" id="idm341" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Copella_arnoldi/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/Grzimek_fish/Characiformes/Copella_arnoldi/medium.jpg" data-height="261" data-width="640" alt="Photo of Copella arnoldi" id="idm425" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Pseudotriton_ruber/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/Chatfield_Matthew/Pseudotriton_ruber_schencki/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="653" alt="Photo of Pseudotriton ruber" id="idm510" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Corallus_caninus/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/tanya_dewey/Corallus_caninus/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="546" alt="Photo of Corallus caninus" id="idm606" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Buphagus_erythrorhynchus/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/corel_cd/oxpeckers/medium.jpg" data-height="400" data-width="579" alt="Photo of Buphagus erythrorhynchus" id="idm703" /></a></div><div class="img" style="min-width: 661"><a href="/accounts/Macaca_thibetana/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/david_blank/macaque6/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="661" alt="Photo of Macaca thibetana" id="idm823" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Phyciodes/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/glenn_firebaugh/0010checkerspot/medium.jpg" data-height="478" data-width="800" alt="Photo of Phyciodes" id="idm949" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Pagurus_pollicaris/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/Paguridae/84_Flat-claw_hermit_crab_Pagurus_pollicaris/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="730" alt="Photo of Pagurus pollicaris" id="idm1024" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Gnaphosidae/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/phil_myers/araneae/Gnaphosidae4010/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="539" alt="Photo of Gnaphosidae" id="idm1099" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Anthopleura_sola/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/tanya_dewey/anemone2/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="577" alt="Photo of Anthopleura sola" id="idm1166" /></a></div><div class="img hidden"><a href="/accounts/Alcyonidium/" style="width: 500px"><img src="/collections/contributors/robert_bachand/Alcyoniidae/40_Rubbery_bryozoan_Alcyonidium_spp._DE_Bay/medium.jpg" data-height="480" data-width="717" alt="Photo of Alcyonidium" id="idm1222" /></a></div></div><div id="mosaic-caption" class="row-fluid"><div class="span1"><a href="#" class="prev-image"><img alt="Previous" src="/static/img/arrow_left.png" height="32" width="32" /></a></div><div class="span10"><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Unspecified">Annelida</span><span class="vernacular-name">segmented worms</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Macrobdella_decora/">Macrobdella decora</a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Unspecified">Echinodermata</span><span class="vernacular-name">starfish, sea urchins, and relatives</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Astropecten_articulatus/">Astropecten articulatus<span class="vernacular-name">royal sea star</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Unspecified">Mollusca</span><span class="vernacular-name">bivalves, cephalopods, snails, and relatives</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Limax_maximus/">Limax maximus</a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Unspecified">Platyhelminthes</span><span class="vernacular-name">flatworms</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Dugesia_tigrina/">Dugesia tigrina</a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Unspecified">Porifera</span><span class="vernacular-name">sponges</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Aplysina_archeri/">Aplysina archeri</a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Class">Chondrichthyes</span><span class="vernacular-name">rays, sharks, and relatives</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Taeniura_lymma/">Taeniura lymma<span class="vernacular-name">Fantail ray</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Class">Actinopterygii</span><span class="vernacular-name">ray-finned fishes</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Copella_arnoldi/">Copella arnoldi<span class="vernacular-name">Jumping characin</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Class">Amphibia</span><span class="vernacular-name">frogs, salamanders, and caecilians</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Pseudotriton_ruber/">Pseudotriton ruber<span class="vernacular-name">Red Salamander</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Class">Reptilia</span><span class="vernacular-name">turtles, snakes, lizards, and relatives</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Corallus_caninus/">Corallus caninus<span class="vernacular-name">Emerald Tree Boa</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Class">Aves</span><span class="vernacular-name">birds</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Buphagus_erythrorhynchus/">Buphagus erythrorhynchus<span class="vernacular-name">red-billed oxpecker</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Class">Mammalia</span><span class="vernacular-name">mammals</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Macaca_thibetana/">Macaca thibetana<span class="vernacular-name">Père David's macaque</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Class">Insecta</span><span class="vernacular-name">insects</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Genus" href="/accounts/Phyciodes/">Phyciodes</a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Unspecified">Crustacea</span><span class="vernacular-name">crustaceans</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Pagurus_pollicaris/">Pagurus pollicaris<span class="vernacular-name">flatclaw hermit</span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Unspecified">Chelicerata</span><span class="vernacular-name">chelicerates</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Family" href="/accounts/Gnaphosidae/">Gnaphosidae</a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Phylum">Cnidaria</span><span class="vernacular-name">jellyfish, sea anemones, corals, and relatives</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Species" href="/accounts/Anthopleura_sola/">Anthopleura sola</a></div></div><div style="text-align: center" class="identification hidden"><div class="higher-taxa"><span class="taxon-name rank-Phylum">Other animal phyla</span></div><div class="identified-taxa"><a class="taxon-name rank-Genus" href="/accounts/Alcyonidium/">Alcyonidium</a></div></div></div><div class="span1"><a href="#" class="next-image"><img alt="Next" src="/static/img/arrow_right.png" height="32" width="32" /></a></div></div><div id="mosaic-menu" class="row-fluid" style="text-align: left"><div class="span4"><ul class="menu unstyled"> <li> <a href="/accounts/Annelida/">Annelida</a><span class="vernacular-name">segmented worms</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Echinodermata/">Echinodermata</a><span class="vernacular-name">starfish, sea urchins, and relatives</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Mollusca/">Mollusca</a><span class="vernacular-name">bivalves, cephalopods, snails, and relatives</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Platyhelminthes/">Platyhelminthes</a><span class="vernacular-name">flatworms</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Porifera/">Porifera</a><span class="vernacular-name">sponges</span> </li> </ul></div><div class="span4"><ul class="menu unstyled"> <li> <a href="/accounts/Chondrichthyes/">Chondrichthyes</a><span class="vernacular-name">rays, sharks, and relatives</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Actinopterygii/">Actinopterygii</a><span class="vernacular-name">ray-finned fishes</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Amphibia/">Amphibia</a><span class="vernacular-name">frogs, salamanders, and caecilians</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Reptilia/">Reptilia</a><span class="vernacular-name">turtles, snakes, lizards, and relatives</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Aves/">Aves</a><span class="vernacular-name">birds</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Mammalia/">Mammalia</a><span class="vernacular-name">mammals</span> </li> </ul></div><div class="span4"><ul class="menu unstyled"> <li> <a href="/accounts/Insecta/">Insecta</a><span class="vernacular-name">insects</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Crustacea/">Crustacea</a><span class="vernacular-name">crustaceans</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Chelicerata/">Chelicerata</a><span class="vernacular-name">chelicerates</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Cnidaria/">Cnidaria</a><span class="vernacular-name">jellyfish, sea anemones, corals, and relatives</span> </li> <li> <a href="/accounts/Nematoda/">Nematoda</a><span class="vernacular-name">roundworms</span> </li> </ul></div></div><div class="row-fluid"><div class="centered" style="border-top: 1px dotted #CCC; width: 80%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: .5em; margin-top: .5em; padding: 0.5em"><a href="/accounts/group/Other-animal-phyla/"> Other animal phyla </a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="row-fluid newsblock"><div class="span6 column bordered"><div class="news-updates"><h3>What's New at ADW</h3><ul class="unstyled"><li><p><a href="/news/32-taxon-accounts-updated-since-february-20-2023/">32 taxon accounts updated since February 20, 2023.</a></p><p class="news-source">September 03, 2023</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/46-taxon-accounts-updated-since-september-12-2022/">46 taxon accounts updated since September 12, 2022.</a></p><p class="news-source">February 20, 2023</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/110-taxon-accounts-updated-since-may-23-2022/">110 taxon accounts updated since May 23, 2022.</a></p><p class="news-source">September 12, 2022</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/41-taxon-accounts-updated-since-march-11-2022/">41 taxon accounts updated since March 11, 2022.</a></p><p class="news-source">May 23, 2022</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/31-taxon-accounts-updated-since-december-22-2021/">31 taxon accounts updated since December 22, 2021.</a></p><p class="news-source">March 12, 2022</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/contributor-gallery-bachard-robert-updated-november-02-2021/">Contributor Gallery: Bachard, Robert updated November 02, 2021.</a></p><p class="news-source">December 22, 2021</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/15-taxon-accounts-updated-since-june-11-2021-2/">15 taxon accounts updated since June 11, 2021.</a></p><p class="news-source">December 22, 2021</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/21-taxon-accounts-updated-since-april-04-2021/">21 taxon accounts updated since April 04, 2021.</a></p><p class="news-source">June 11, 2021</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/37-taxon-accounts-updated-since-february-21-2021/">37 taxon accounts updated since February 21, 2021.</a></p><p class="news-source">April 04, 2021</p></li><li><p><a href="/news/35-taxon-accounts-updated-since-september-20-2020/">35 taxon accounts updated since September 20, 2020.</a></p><p class="news-source">February 21, 2021</p></li><li><a href="/news/">News Archive</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="span6 column"><div class="news-headlines"><h3>Animal Headlines</h3><ul class="unstyled"><li><p><a href="https://blog.conservation.org/2019/04/5-ways-you-can-help-endangered-species-today/">5 ways you can help endangered species today</a></p><p class="news-source">April 18, 2019 via <a href="https://blog.conservation.org">Human Nature – Conservation International Blog</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190418080758.htm">Fossils found in museum drawer in Kenya belong to gigantic carnivore</a></p><p class="news-source">April 18, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417153739.htm">Switch from hunting to herding recorded in ancient urine</a></p><p class="news-source">April 17, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417115058.htm">Features that make lizards appealing to potential mates are resilient to stress</a></p><p class="news-source">April 17, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190417111429.htm">Is one toe really better than three? How horse' legs evolved for travel rather than speed</a></p><p class="news-source">April 17, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://blog.conservation.org/2019/04/medicated-salmon-cold-water-coral-insect-rescue-3-big-stories-you-might-have-missed/">Medicated salmon, cold-water coral, insect rescue: 3 big stories you might have missed</a></p><p class="news-source">April 16, 2019 via <a href="https://blog.conservation.org">Human Nature – Conservation International Blog</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190416085525.htm">White sharks flee feeding areas when orcas present</a></p><p class="news-source">April 16, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190416085523.htm">Tree dens play a critical role in panda lifestyle</a></p><p class="news-source">April 16, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190416081410.htm">Honey, I ate the kids: The sweet side of filial cannibalism</a></p><p class="news-source">April 16, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li><li><p><a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190416081407.htm">Climate change threatens endangered sparrows</a></p><p class="news-source">April 16, 2019 via <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals News -- ScienceDaily</a></p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="span2_5 right sidebar"><div class="well" id="pocket-guide-link"><a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/adw-pocket-guide/id916179421?mt=8" target="_blank"><i class="icon-download icon-white" style="vertical-align: bottom"></i> ADW Pocket Guides on the iOS App Store! </a><p>The Animal Diversity Web team is excited to announce ADW Pocket Guides!</p><p><a href="/news/5009059054038197651/">Read more...</a></p></div><h2 class="offscreen">Search</h2><div id="site-search"><form action="/search" method="GET"><label for="q" class="offscreen">Enter search text</label><input value="" id="q" name="q" class="span12" size="15" type="text" placeholder="Search ADW" /><button class="btn"><i class="icon-zoom-in"></i><span class="offscreen">Search</span></button><p style="max-height: 35px"><label for="feature-list" class="offscreen">Search in feature</label><select size="1" name="feature" class="feature-list input-medium" id="feature-list"><option value="INFORMATION">Taxon Information</option><option value="COLLECTIONS">Contributor Galleries</option><option value="TOPICS">Topics</option><option value="CLASSIFICATION">Classification</option></select></p></form><ul class="unstyled"><li><a href="https://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/quaardvark/">Explore Data @ Quaardvark</a></li><li><a href="/search_guide/">Search Guide</a></li></ul></div><div class="well"><h3>ADW Mission</h3><p> The Animal Diversity Web is an online database and encyclopedia of animal natural history, built through contributions from students, photographers, and many others. </p><p> It is a rich and flexible resource designed both as an encyclopedia for exploring biodiversity and for use in formal, inquiry-based education. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="footer" aria-role="contentinfo"><div class="inner-footer"><div class="footer-links"><ul class="unstyled"><li><a href="https://www.umich.edu/">U-M Gateway</a> | <a href="https://lsa.umich.edu/ummz/">U-M Museum of Zoology</a></li><li><a href="https://lsa.umich.edu/eeb/">U-M Ecology and Evolutionary Biology</a></li><li> © 2020 Regents of the University of Michigan </li><li><a href="/feedback/error_form/">Report Error</a> / <a href="/feedback/comment_form/">Comment</a></li></ul></div><div class="thanks-links"><p>This material is based upon work supported by the <a href="https://nsf.gov">National Science Foundation</a> Grants DRL 0089283, DRL 0628151, DUE 0633095, DRL 0918590, and DUE 1122742. Additional support has come from the Marisla Foundation, UM College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Museum of Zoology, and Information and Technology Services. </p><p> The ADW Team gratefully acknowledges their support. </p></div></div></div><script></script></div><script src="/static/js/pica.frontpage.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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