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GNU/Linux 散布版 - GNU 專案 - 自由軟體基金會
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class="original-link" href="/distros/distros.html.en"> <!-- TRANSLATORS: The text of the link; the next string is the last part of the sentence (just a period in English). --> 英文</a>。 </p> <p class="hide"> <!-- TRANSLATORS: The link to the page with differences will follow this string. --> 您應該查閱 <a href="/distros/po/distros.zh-tw-diff.html"> <!-- TRANSLATORS: The text of the link; the next string is the last part of the sentence (just a period in English). --> 更動之處</a><span class="outdated-html-dummy-span">。</span> 請參見 <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">翻譯讀我 README</a> 來瞭解維護本文翻譯所需之相關事宜。</p> </div> <h2>GNU/Linux 散布版</h2> <p> <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux 系統</a>的自由散布版（英文或稱 “distro”）僅只收錄自由軟體，也僅只提倡自由軟體。它們拒絕非自由的應用程式、非自由的程式開發平臺、非自由的驅動程式、非自由的韌體「blob」、任何其他非自由的軟體和文件等。當他們發現因失誤而收錄了非自由的成分，就會將之移除。 </p> <h3 id="freeDistros">自由的 GNU/Linux 散布版</h3> <p> 我們推薦您採用自由的 GNU/Linux 系統散布版，也就是完全沒有收錄專有軟體的散布版。這樣你才能確定不會安裝到任何的非自由軟體。這裡有列出一些我們整理的自由散布版：<br /> <a href="/distros/free-distros.html">自由的 GNU/Linux 散布版</a>。</p> <p> 上述這些已經存在的散布版都希望能得到更多開發上的協助。所以，如果你希望對自由的 GNU/Linux 散布版做出有力貢獻，那麼我們建議你與其發起新的自由散布版，不如加入其中一套既有散布版的開發。 </p> <h3 id="freeNonDistros">自由的非 GNU 散布版</h3> <p> 這些系統散布版也是自由的，但和 GNU 大不相同。這些系統的使用體驗和 GNU/Linux 不太一樣。不過，它們也能滿足我們對 GNU/Linux 散布版要求的相同道德標準。<br /> <a href="/distros/free-non-gnu-distros.html">自由的非 GNU 散布版</a>。</p> <p> 上述這些已經存在的散布版都希望能得到更多開發上的協助。所以，如果你希望在這塊領域做出有力的貢獻，那麼我們建議你與其發起新的自由散布版，不如加入其中一套既有散布版的開發。 </p> <h3 id="distroGuidelines">自由的散布版規則</h3> <p> 這裡有一份判別散布版不能視為完全自由的問題列表：<br /> <a href="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html">自由系統散布版的規則</a>。</p> <h3 id="otherDistros">常見的散布版</h3> <p> 許多常見且知名的 GNU/Linux 軟體散布版沒有滿足我們要求的規則。你可以前往這裡閱讀它們的相關問題：<br /> <a href="/distros/common-distros.html">為何我們不讚許一些知名的 GNU/Linux 散布版</a>。</p> <p> 我們呼籲這些散布版的開發者移除非自由的部分，讓散布版完全都是以自由軟體構成。 </p> <h3 id="optionallyFree">部分自由並不夠</h3> <p> 有些 GNU/Linux 散布版允許使用者僅只安裝自由軟體。你可以閱讀：<br /> <a href="/distros/optionally-free-not-enough.html">為什麼說部分自由並不足夠。</a></p> <h3 id="whyImportant">為什麼自由的議題這麼重要？</h3> <p> 當一套 GNU/Linux 散布版包含非自由軟體時，它造成兩大問題：</p> <ul> <li>如果你安裝了這套散布版，那麼你可能會安裝到非自由軟體並使用。</li> <li>這讓人搞不清楚我們的目標到底是什麼。</li> </ul> <p> 第一個問題很直接：如果散布版的使用者安裝了非自由軟體，那麼只有影響到這套散布版的使用者。但是第二個問題很嚴重，會影響到整個社群。 </p> <p> 非自由散布版的開發者不會說出：「我們對散布版中存在非自由的組件向各位道歉。我們不清楚發生了什麼事讓我們收錄了這些軟體。我們下個發行版本會繼續把自由銘記在心中。」這樣子的話。如果他們能這麼做的話，或許造成的不良影響會少一些。 </p> <p> 而且，他們通常將非自由軟體視為系統中吸引人的特點之一。他們說散布版的目標是：「盡可能打造出最棒的使用者體驗」之類的，卻無關乎自由與否。換句話說，他們希望大家把方便放在自由前面——直接和我們以自由為主要目標的訴求打對臺。 </p> <p> 我們之所以不讚許這些散布版，正是因為他們沒有傳遞自由的價值。他們反行其道告訴大家不要尊重自由——而那是我們極為關注的重點。 </p> <div class="translators-notes"> <!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.--> </div> </div> <!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> <!-- begin server/footer-text.html --> <div style="clear:both"></div> <div id="language-container"> <div class="backtotop"> <hr class="no-display" /> <a href="#top"><b>▲</b></a> </div> <div id="languages" class="rounded-corners"> <div class="button"> <a href="#top" 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