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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Рафаел Бобан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рафаел Бобан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Boban" title="Rafael Boban – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rafael Boban" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Boban" title="Rafael Boban – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rafael Boban" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Boban" title="Rafael Boban – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rafael Boban" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Ράφαελ Μπόμπαν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ράφαελ Μπόμπαν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Boban" title="Rafael Boban – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rafael Boban" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Boban" title="Rafael Boban – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rafael Boban" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3" title="ラファエル・ボーバン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラファエル・ボーバン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Boban" title="Rafael Boban – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rafael Boban" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Бобан, Рафаэль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бобан, Рафаэль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Рафаел Бобан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рафаел Бобан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Boban" title="Rafael Boban – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rafael Boban" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Rafael Boban</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rafael_Boban.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Rafael_Boban.JPG/220px-Rafael_Boban.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Rafael_Boban.JPG/330px-Rafael_Boban.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Rafael_Boban.JPG/440px-Rafael_Boban.JPG 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="627" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Birth name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Rafael Boban</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Ranko</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1907-12-22</span>)</span>22 December 1907<br /><a href="/wiki/Sovi%C4%87i" title="Sovići">Sovići</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grude" title="Grude">Grude</a>, <a href="/wiki/Condominium_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Disappeared</th><td class="infobox-data">May 1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Kingdom of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> (–1932)<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Usta%C5%A1e.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Emblem_of_the_Usta%C5%A1e.svg/11px-Emblem_of_the_Usta%C5%A1e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Emblem_of_the_Usta%C5%A1e.svg/17px-Emblem_of_the_Usta%C5%A1e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Emblem_of_the_Usta%C5%A1e.svg/22px-Emblem_of_the_Usta%C5%A1e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1435" data-file-height="2050" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Ustaše</a> (1932–1945)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a> (1941–1945)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e_Militia" title="Ustaše Militia">Ustaše Militia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Armed_Forces_(Independent_State_of_Croatia)" title="Croatian Armed Forces (Independent State of Croatia)">Croatian Armed Forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">General (Croatian Armed Forces)<br />Colonel (Ustaše Militia)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Black_Legion_(military_unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Legion (military unit)">Black Legion</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Velebit_uprising" title="Velebit uprising">Velebit uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/June_1941_uprising_in_eastern_Herzegovina" title="June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina">Eastern Herzegovina Uprising</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rafael "Ranko" Boban</b> (22 December 1907 – disappearance in 1945) was a <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Croatian</a> military commander who served in the <a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e_Militia" title="Ustaše Militia">Ustaše Militia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Armed_Forces_(Independent_State_of_Croatia)" title="Croatian Armed Forces (Independent State of Croatia)">Croatian Armed Forces</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Having participated in the <a href="/wiki/Velebit_uprising" title="Velebit uprising">Velebit uprising</a> in 1932, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Italian_Army" title="Royal Italian Army">Royal Italian Army</a> and returned to Croatia following the <a href="/wiki/Axis_invasion_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis invasion of Yugoslavia">Axis invasion of Yugoslavia</a> in April 1941. He fought with the Ustaše until the end of the war, when he is reported to have evaded the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Yugoslav Partisans</a> and reached the Austrian town of <a href="/wiki/Bleiburg" title="Bleiburg">Bleiburg</a>. Nothing is known of what happened to him afterwards, and it was rumoured that he was either killed in <a href="/wiki/Podravina" title="Podravina">Podravina</a> in 1945, died fighting with the <a href="/wiki/Crusaders_(guerrilla)" title="Crusaders (guerrilla)">Crusaders</a> in <a href="/wiki/Herzegovina" title="Herzegovina">Herzegovina</a> in 1947, or, less likely, emigrated to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> via <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> and fought <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">Communist</a> forces in the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>. In 1951, he was named the Croatian Minister of Defence in-exile by Ustaše leader <a href="/wiki/Ante_Paveli%C4%87" title="Ante Pavelić">Ante Pavelić</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Boban&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rafael Boban was born on 22 December 1907 in the village of <a href="/wiki/Sovi%C4%87i" title="Sovići">Sovići</a>, near the town of <a href="/wiki/Grude" title="Grude">Grude</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Croats_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Herzegovinian Croat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001378–379_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001378–379-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBanac1996142_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBanac1996142-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served as an officer in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Army" title="Royal Yugoslav Army">Royal Yugoslav Army</a> prior to joining <a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Ustaše</a> units based in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> in the summer of 1932. In September 1932, he returned to Croatia and participated in the Ustaše-led <a href="/wiki/Velebit_uprising" title="Velebit uprising">Velebit uprising</a> against Yugoslav rule. Afterwards, he traveled to Italian-controlled <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a> to request Italian citizenship and protection. In May 1934, Ustaše leader <a href="/wiki/Ante_Paveli%C4%87" title="Ante Pavelić">Ante Pavelić</a> promoted Boban to the rank of sergeant in the Ustaše and he became a member of Pavelić's inner circle. The following year, Boban became a deputy commander of a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Italian_Army" title="Royal Italian Army">Royal Italian Army</a> company based in <a href="/wiki/Lipari" title="Lipari">Lipari</a> before being transferred to <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>. At the beginning of December 1937, Italian authorities arrested him and other members of the Ustaše on suspicion that they were planning to assassinate Yugoslav <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Yugoslavia" title="Prime Minister of Yugoslavia">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Milan_Stojadinovi%C4%87" title="Milan Stojadinović">Milan Stojadinović</a>. They were all quickly released.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_War_II">World War II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Boban&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: <i lang="hr">Nezavisna Država Hrvatska</i>, NDH) in April 1941, Boban returned to Croatia and joined the <a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e_Militia" title="Ustaše Militia">Ustaše Militia</a>. He went to <a href="/wiki/Kupres" title="Kupres">Kupres</a> with 250 Ustaše under his command<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and organized mass murder of local Serbs.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/June_1941_uprising_in_eastern_Herzegovina" title="June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina">June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina</a> Boban was member of group of Ustaše officers led by <a href="/wiki/Mijo_Babi%C4%87" title="Mijo Babić">Mijo Babić</a> which reinforced Ustaše troops attacking the Serb rebels.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their aim was to suppress the uprising and completely destroy Serb population.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 3 July 1941 Boban commanded one of three main groups of Ustaše forces that attacked the rebels along the line: Vranjkuk - Rupari - Trusina - Šušnjatica.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 July 1941 Boban commanded a group of Ustaše from Međugorje and Čitluk that imprisoned 20 Serb villagers from village Baćevići and killed them in Međugorje, disposing their bodies in a nearby pit.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was promoted to the rank of captain in November<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later became commander of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Legion_(Usta%C5%A1e_militia)" title="Black Legion (Ustaše militia)">Black Legion</a> alongside <a href="/wiki/Jure_Franceti%C4%87" title="Jure Francetić">Jure Francetić</a>. Boban assumed full command of the legion following Francetić's death in December 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001422_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001422-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ustaše propaganda declared him Francetić's natural successor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYeomans2011202_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeomans2011202-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legion operated in various parts of the NDH under his command.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001422_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001422-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boban was promoted to the rank of general in December 1944 and became the head of the <a href="/wiki/Podravina" title="Podravina">Podravina</a>-based Fifth Ustaše Active Brigade of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Armed_Forces_(Independent_State_of_Croatia)" title="Croatian Armed Forces (Independent State of Croatia)">Croatian Armed Forces</a> that month.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That autumn, he was responsible for guarding the imprisoned politicians <a href="/wiki/Mladen_Lorkovi%C4%87" title="Mladen Lorković">Mladen Lorković</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ante_Voki%C4%87" title="Ante Vokić">Ante Vokić</a> in the town of <a href="/wiki/Koprivnica" title="Koprivnica">Koprivnica</a>. He held the rank of colonel within the Ustaše Militia by April 1945. In May, he withdrew with the Ustaše towards <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and is reported to have successfully reached the town of <a href="/wiki/Bleiburg" title="Bleiburg">Bleiburg</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> alongside Pavelić and <a href="/wiki/Vjekoslav_Luburi%C4%87" title="Vjekoslav Luburić">Vjekoslav Luburić</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDorril2002336_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDorril2002336-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many theories exist about what happened to him. One theory states that he was killed in Podravina in 1945, while another states that he either died fighting with the <a href="/wiki/Crusaders_(guerrilla)" title="Crusaders (guerrilla)">Crusaders</a> in <a href="/wiki/Herzegovina" title="Herzegovina">Herzegovina</a> in 1947 or that he emigrated to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> via <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> and fought <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">Communist</a> forces in the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Boban&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1951, Boban was named the Croatian Minister of Defence in-exile by Pavelić.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a>, a brigade of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Council" title="Croatian Defence Council">Croatian Defence Council</a> (HVO) was named after him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŽanić2007489_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEŽanić2007489-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Roman Catholic church in the Herzegovinian village of Bobani is decorated with his pictures.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESells1998106_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESells1998106-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2022, twenty-five of the Mostar city council's thirty-five members voted to remove street names named after figures linked to the World War II fascist and <a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Serbs_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia">genocidal</a> Ustaše movement, among them Boban, <a href="/wiki/Mile_Budak" title="Mile Budak">Mile Budak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mladen_Lorkovi%C4%87" title="Mladen Lorković">Mladen Lorković</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ante_Voki%C4%87" title="Ante Vokić">Ante Vokić</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90uro_Spu%C5%BEevi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Đuro Spužević (page does not exist)">Đuro Spužević</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jure_Franceti%C4%87" title="Jure Francetić">Jure Francetić</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivo_Zelenek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivo Zelenek (page does not exist)">Ivo Zelenek</a>. This decision was welcomed by the <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Sarajevo" title="Embassy of the United States, Sarajevo">United States Embassy in Sarajevo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Christian Schmidt (politician)">Christian Schmidt</a>, then <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_for_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina">High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurtic_15_July_2022_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurtic_15_July_2022-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Boban&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDizdar199742_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDizdar1997">Dizdar 1997</a>, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001378–379-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001378–379_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTomasevich2001">Tomasevich 2001</a>, pp. 378–379.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBanac1996142-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBanac1996142_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBanac1996">Banac 1996</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFDamjanovićTomićĆosić2000">Damjanović, Tomić & Ćosić 2000</a>, p. 316):"У јуну 1941. године, одред од двеста педесет усташа под командом Рафаела Бобана и Авде Волудера, дошло је у Купрес.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFDespot2007">Despot 2007</a>, p. 162)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFStrugar1997">Strugar 1997</a>, p. 709):"пристигла је у помоћ група усташких официра са "поглавним побочником" Мијом Бабићем. У тој групи налазилу су се још и Антон Подгорелац, „почасни припадник" поглавникове бојпе и поручник Рафаел Бобан, натпоручник Анте Перковић, Крешо Тоногал итд...</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFМирковић2005">Мирковић 2005</a>, p. 196):" У Столац и Берковиће дошли су најближи сарадници Павелића: Мијо Бабић, Рафаел Бобан, Антун Зличарић и Херман Тогонал да се договоре о гушењу устанка у источној Херцеговини и потпуном уништењу српског становништва"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFSkoko1991">Skoko 1991</a>, p. 175)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFSkoko1991">Skoko 1991</a>, p. 244):"Dvadeset četvrtog jula stradali su odrasli muškarci sela Baćevića. Toga dana pred veče, ovo selo je blokirala grupa ustaša iz Međugorja i Čitluka, kojom je komandovao jedan od najistaknutijih ustaških rasova - Rafael Boban, .... Bobanova grupa je uhvatila 20 ljudi srpske nacionalnosti iz sela Baćevića...Docnije se saznalo da su odvezeni do jame u Međugorju i tamo, »na razne načine«, poubijani i bačeni u mračni ponor provalije. "</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001422-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001422_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETomasevich2001422_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTomasevich2001">Tomasevich 2001</a>, p. 422.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYeomans2011202-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYeomans2011202_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYeomans2011">Yeomans 2011</a>, p. 202.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See: <ul><li><a href="#CITEREFDizdar1997">Dizdar 1997</a>, p. 42;</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFTomasevich2001">Tomasevich 2001</a>, p. 422.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDorril2002336-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDorril2002336_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDorril2002">Dorril 2002</a>, p. 336.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŽanić2007489-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEŽanić2007489_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFŽanić2007">Žanić 2007</a>, p. 489.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESells1998106-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESells1998106_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSells1998">Sells 1998</a>, p. 106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurtic_15_July_2022-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurtic_15_July_2022_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKurtic_15_July_2022">Kurtic 15 July 2022</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Boban&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBanac1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ivo_Banac" title="Ivo Banac">Banac, Ivo</a> (1996). "From Religious Community to Socialist Nationhood and Post-Communist Statehood, 1918–1992". In Pinson, Mark (ed.). <i>The Muslims of Bosnia-Herzegovina: Their Historic Development from the Middle Ages to the Dissolution of Yugoslavia</i> (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 129–154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-932885-12-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-932885-12-8"><bdi>978-0-932885-12-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=From+Religious+Community+to+Socialist+Nationhood+and+Post-Communist+Statehood%2C+1918%E2%80%931992&rft.btitle=The+Muslims+of+Bosnia-Herzegovina%3A+Their+Historic+Development+from+the+Middle+Ages+to+the+Dissolution+of+Yugoslavia&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=129-154&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-932885-12-8&rft.aulast=Banac&rft.aufirst=Ivo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDamjanovićTomićĆosić2000" class="citation book cs1">Damjanović, Ratomir Rale; Tomić, Novo; Ćosić, Sanja (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lnItAQAAIAAJ"><i>Serbia--srpski narod, srpska zemlja, srpska duhovnost u delima stranih autora : pesme i poeme, pripovetke, romani, drame, putopisi, besede, dnevnici, memoari, eseji, pisma, zapisi</i></a>. Itaka. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788681635193" title="Special:BookSources/9788681635193"><bdi>9788681635193</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Serbia--srpski+narod%2C+srpska+zemlja%2C+srpska+duhovnost+u+delima+stranih+autora+%3A+pesme+i+poeme%2C+pripovetke%2C+romani%2C+drame%2C+putopisi%2C+besede%2C+dnevnici%2C+memoari%2C+eseji%2C+pisma%2C+zapisi&rft.pub=Itaka&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9788681635193&rft.aulast=Damjanovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Ratomir+Rale&rft.au=Tomi%C4%87%2C+Novo&rft.au=%C4%86osi%C4%87%2C+Sanja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlnItAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDespot2007" class="citation book cs1">Despot, Zvonimir (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tvIMAQAAMAAJ"><i>Vrijeme zločina: novi prilozi za povijest koprivničke Podravine 1941. - 1948</i></a>. Hrvatski institut za povijest. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789536324576" title="Special:BookSources/9789536324576"><bdi>9789536324576</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vrijeme+zlo%C4%8Dina%3A+novi+prilozi+za+povijest+koprivni%C4%8Dke+Podravine+1941.+-+1948&rft.pub=Hrvatski+institut+za+povijest&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9789536324576&rft.aulast=Despot&rft.aufirst=Zvonimir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtvIMAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDizdar1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dizdar, Zdravko (1997). "Boban, Rafael". In Dizdar, Zdravko; Grčić, Marko; Ravlić, Slaven; Stuparić, Darko (eds.). <i>Tko je tko u NDH</i> (in Croatian). Zagreb, Croatia: Minerva. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-6377-03-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-6377-03-9"><bdi>978-953-6377-03-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Boban%2C+Rafael&rft.btitle=Tko+je+tko+u+NDH&rft.place=Zagreb%2C+Croatia&rft.pub=Minerva&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-953-6377-03-9&rft.aulast=Dizdar&rft.aufirst=Zdravko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDorril2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dorril" title="Stephen Dorril">Dorril, Stephen</a> (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mi6insidecovertw00dorr"><i>MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service</i></a></span>. New York City: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-0379-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-0379-8"><bdi>0-7432-0379-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=MI6%3A+Inside+the+Covert+World+of+Her+Majesty%27s+Secret+Intelligence+Service&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7432-0379-8&rft.aulast=Dorril&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmi6insidecovertw00dorr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurtic_15_July_2022" class="citation web cs1">Kurtic, Azem (15 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://balkaninsight.com/2022/07/15/international-community-welcomes-street-names-changes-in-bosnias-mostar/">"International Community Welcomes Street Names Changes in Bosnia's Mostar"</a>. <i>Balkan Insight</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Balkan+Insight&rft.atitle=International+Community+Welcomes+Street+Names+Changes+in+Bosnia%27s+Mostar&rft.date=2022-07-15&rft.aulast=Kurtic&rft.aufirst=Azem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbalkaninsight.com%2F2022%2F07%2F15%2Finternational-community-welcomes-street-names-changes-in-bosnias-mostar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSells1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Sells" title="Michael Sells">Sells, Michael A.</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FAdxZ6F2uEAC"><i>The Bridge Betrayed: Religion and Genocide in Bosnia</i></a>. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-92209-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-92209-9"><bdi>978-0-520-92209-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bridge+Betrayed%3A+Religion+and+Genocide+in+Bosnia&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-520-92209-9&rft.aulast=Sells&rft.aufirst=Michael+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFAdxZ6F2uEAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkoko1991" class="citation book cs1">Skoko, Savo (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E50MAAAAIAAJ"><i>Pokolji hercegovačkih Srba '41</i></a>. Stručna knjiga. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788641900996" title="Special:BookSources/9788641900996"><bdi>9788641900996</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pokolji+hercegova%C4%8Dkih+Srba+%2741&rft.pub=Stru%C4%8Dna+knjiga&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9788641900996&rft.aulast=Skoko&rft.aufirst=Savo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE50MAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrugar1997" class="citation book cs1">Strugar, Vlado (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=loTh1UQHRagC"><i>Drugi svjetski rat--50 godina kasnije: radovi sa naučnog skupa, Podgorica, 20-22. septembar 1996</i></a>. Crnogorska akademija nauka i umjetnosti. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-7215-089-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-7215-089-6"><bdi>978-86-7215-089-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Drugi+svjetski+rat--50+godina+kasnije%3A+radovi+sa+nau%C4%8Dnog+skupa%2C+Podgorica%2C+20-22.+septembar+1996&rft.pub=Crnogorska+akademija+nauka+i+umjetnosti&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-86-7215-089-6&rft.aulast=Strugar&rft.aufirst=Vlado&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DloTh1UQHRagC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTomasevich2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jozo_Tomasevich" title="Jozo Tomasevich">Tomasevich, Jozo</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fqUSGevFe5MC"><i>War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration</i></a>. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3615-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3615-2"><bdi>978-0-8047-3615-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+and+Revolution+in+Yugoslavia%2C+1941%E2%80%931945%3A+Occupation+and+Collaboration&rft.place=Stanford%2C+California&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-3615-2&rft.aulast=Tomasevich&rft.aufirst=Jozo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfqUSGevFe5MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYeomans2011" class="citation book cs1">Yeomans, Rory (2011). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'For us, beloved commander, you will never die!': Mourning Jure Francetić, Ustasha Death Squad Leader". In Haynes, Rebecca; Rady, Martyn (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ILRJ2ChennYC"><i>In the Shadow of Hitler: Personalities of the Right in Central and Eastern Europe</i></a>. London, England: I.B. Tauris. pp. 188–205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-697-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-697-2"><bdi>978-1-84511-697-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27For+us%2C+beloved+commander%2C+you+will+never+die%21%27%3A+Mourning+Jure+Franceti%C4%87%2C+Ustasha+Death+Squad+Leader&rft.btitle=In+the+Shadow+of+Hitler%3A+Personalities+of+the+Right+in+Central+and+Eastern+Europe&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=188-205&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-697-2&rft.aulast=Yeomans&rft.aufirst=Rory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DILRJ2ChennYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŽanić2007" class="citation book cs1">Žanić, Ivo (2007). <i>Flag on the Mountain: A Political Anthropology of War in Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina, 1990–1995</i>. London, England: Saqi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86356-815-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86356-815-2"><bdi>978-0-86356-815-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flag+on+the+Mountain%3A+A+Political+Anthropology+of+War+in+Croatia+and+Bosnia-Herzegovina%2C+1990%E2%80%931995&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pub=Saqi&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-86356-815-2&rft.aulast=%C5%BDani%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Ivo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFМирковић2005" class="citation book cs1">Мирковић, Јован (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pl0MAQAAMAAJ"><i>Genocid u 20. veku na prostorima jugoslovenskih zemalja: zbornik radova sa naučnog skupa, Beograd, 22-23. april 2003</i></a>. Музеј жртава геноцида. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-906329-1-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-906329-1-6"><bdi>978-86-906329-1-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genocid+u+20.+veku+na+prostorima+jugoslovenskih+zemalja%3A+zbornik+radova+sa+nau%C4%8Dnog+skupa%2C+Beograd%2C+22-23.+april+2003&rft.pub=%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98+%D0%B6%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-86-906329-1-6&rft.aulast=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9B&rft.aufirst=%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpl0MAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARafael+Boban" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Boban&oldid=1252602600">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Boban&oldid=1252602600</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1907_births" title="Category:1907 births">1907 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940s_missing_person_cases" title="Category:1940s missing person cases">1940s missing person cases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Croats_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Category:Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Croatian_Roman_Catholics" title="Category:Croatian Roman Catholics">Croatian Roman Catholics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Croatian_mass_murderers" title="Category:Croatian mass murderers">Croatian mass murderers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Grude" title="Category:People from Grude">People from Grude</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Iron_Cross_(1939)" title="Category:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939)">Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Military_Order_of_the_Iron_Trefoil" title="Category:Recipients of the Military Order of the Iron Trefoil">Recipients of the Military Order of the Iron Trefoil</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Usta%C5%A1a_Militia_personnel" title="Category:Ustaša Militia personnel">Ustaša Militia personnel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Genocide_of_Serbs_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia_perpetrators" title="Category:Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia perpetrators">Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia perpetrators</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Croatian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Croatian-language text">Articles containing Croatian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Croatian-language_sources_(hr)" title="Category:CS1 Croatian-language sources (hr)">CS1 Croatian-language sources (hr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_death_unknown" title="Category:Year of death unknown">Year of death unknown</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 October 2024, at 02:53<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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