Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis first generation hybrids undergo gene expressions changes consistent with species compatibility and heterosis

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new collection</label> </li> <li> <input type="radio" id="collections-action-panel-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"> <label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="controls-wrapper"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label> <input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"> <div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="zZfpAkZAz9lvaRzBFGORInYesLKYLwaoJhaeZqnxmuTLgf4O4ZTHNkpeKMW9nwlA"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="zZfpAkZAz9lvaRzBFGORInYesLKYLwaoJhaeZqnxmuTLgf4O4ZTHNkpeKMW9nwlA"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="zZfpAkZAz9lvaRzBFGORInYesLKYLwaoJhaeZqnxmuTLgf4O4ZTHNkpeKMW9nwlA"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="zZfpAkZAz9lvaRzBFGORInYesLKYLwaoJhaeZqnxmuTLgf4O4ZTHNkpeKMW9nwlA"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="38954732"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item dialog-focus" 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name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="zZfpAkZAz9lvaRzBFGORInYesLKYLwaoJhaeZqnxmuTLgf4O4ZTHNkpeKMW9nwlA"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-new" class="collections-new" name="collections" value="new" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button><button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" 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- more resources</option> </select> </nav> </div> </aside> <main class="article-details" id="article-details">   <header class="heading" id="heading"> <div class="full-view" id="full-view-heading"> <div class="article-citation"> <div class="article-source"> <div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="full-view-journal-trigger" class="journal-actions-trigger trigger" ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn" title="PLoS neglected tropical diseases" tabindex="0" aria-controls="full-view-journal" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal PLoS neglected tropical diseases" data-pinger-ignore> PLoS Negl Trop Dis </button><div id="full-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal PLoS neglected tropical diseases"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" 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</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2024 Jul 2;18(7):e0012267.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012267. </span> <span class="secondary-date"> eCollection 2024 Jul. </span> </div> <h1 class="heading-title"> Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis first generation hybrids undergo gene expressions changes consistent with species compatibility and heterosis </h1> <div class="inline-authors"> <div class="authors"> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Mathieu-B%C3%A9gn%C3%A9+E&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Eglantine Mathieu-Bégné">Eglantine Mathieu-Bégné</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kincaid-Smith+J&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Julien Kincaid-Smith">Julien Kincaid-Smith</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chaparro+C&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Cristian Chaparro">Cristian Chaparro</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Allienne+JF&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jean-François Allienne">Jean-François Allienne</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Rey+O&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Olivier Rey">Olivier Rey</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Boissier+J&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jérôme Boissier">Jérôme Boissier</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Toulza+E&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Eve Toulza">Eve Toulza</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="short-article-details"> Affiliations <button class="more-details" id="toggle-authors" data-alt-text="Collapse" aria-controls="expanded-authors" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore data-fetch-url="/38954732/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title"> Expand </span> </button> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1" id="full-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-2" id="full-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-3" id="full-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38954732</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC11249247&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11249247/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC11249247 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0012267&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012267" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012267 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <h1 class="heading-title"> Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis first generation hybrids undergo gene expressions changes consistent with species compatibility and heterosis </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Eglantine Mathieu-Bégné</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> PLoS Negl Trop Dis<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <time class="citation-year" datetime="2024">2024</time><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" aria-controls="full-article-details" aria-expanded="false" data-fetch-url="/38954732/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title">Show details</span> </button> <div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" 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href="/?term=Mathieu-B%C3%A9gn%C3%A9+E&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Eglantine Mathieu-Bégné">Eglantine Mathieu-Bégné</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Kincaid-Smith+J&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Julien Kincaid-Smith">Julien Kincaid-Smith</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Chaparro+C&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Cristian Chaparro">Cristian Chaparro</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Allienne+JF&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jean-François Allienne">Jean-François Allienne</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Rey+O&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Olivier Rey">Olivier Rey</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Boissier+J&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jérôme Boissier">Jérôme Boissier</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Toulza+E&cauthor_id=38954732" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Eve Toulza">Eve Toulza</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-3" id="short-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38954732</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC11249247&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11249247/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC11249247 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0012267&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012267" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012267 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/38954732/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/38954732/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> When two species hybridize, the two parental genomes are brought together and some alleles might interact for the first time. To date, the extent of the transcriptomic changes in first hybrid generations, along with their functional outcome constitute an important knowledge gap, especially in parasite species. Here we explored the molecular and functional outcomes of hybridization in first-generation hybrids between the blood fluke parasites Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis. Through a transcriptomic approach, we measured gene expression in both parental species and hybrids. We described and quantified expression profiles encountered in hybrids along with the main biological processes impacted. Up to 7,100 genes fell into a particular hybrid expression profile (intermediate between the parental expression levels, over-expressed, under-expressed, or expressed like one of the parental lines). Most of these genes were different depending on the direction of the parental cross (S. bovis mother and S. haematobium father or the reverse) and depending on the sex. For a given sex and cross direction, the vast majority of genes were hence unassigned to a hybrid expression profile: either they were differentially expressed genes but not typical of any hybrid expression profiles or they were not differentially expressed neither between hybrids and parental lines nor between parental lines. The most prevalent profile of gene expression in hybrids was the intermediate one (24% of investigated genes). These results suggest that transcriptomic compatibility between S. haematobium and S. bovis remains quite high. We also found support for an over-dominance model (over- and under-expressed genes in hybrids compared to parental lines) potentially associated with heterosis. In females in particular, processes such as reproductive processes, metabolism and cell interactions as well as signaling pathways were indeed affected. Our study hence provides new insight on the biology of Schistosoma hybrids with evidences supporting compatibility and heterosis. </p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright" id="copyright"> Copyright: © 2024 Mathieu-Bégné et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. </p> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="conflict-of-interest" id="conflict-of-interest"> <h2 class="title"> Conflict of interest statement </h2> <div class="statement"> <p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p> </div> </div> <div class="figures" id="figures"> <h2 class="title"> Figures </h2> <div class="figures-list" id="slides-container" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="0" data-label-slug="fig-1"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/b9f8226bdb2a/pntd.0012267.g001.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-0" role="button" data-image-width="671" data-image-height="459" data-image-alt="Fig 1" data-pmc-id="PMC11249247" data-figure-id="pntd.0012267.g001"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-0" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/ce2f5e4b8d73/pntd.0012267.g001.gif" alt="Fig 1" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="671"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="459"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 1. Experimental infections to produce <i> S… </i> </p> </strong> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 1. Experimental infections to produce <i> S </i> . <i> haematobium x S </i> . <i> bovis </i> reciprocal first-generation… </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Mollusc… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-0" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Fig 1. Experimental infections to produce <i>S</i>. <i>haematobium x S</i>. <i>bovis</i> reciprocal first-generation hybrids. </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Mollusc drawing credit: <ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15147834">https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15147834</ext-link>, unchanged.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="1" data-label-slug="fig-2"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/c7e43ae9fe81/pntd.0012267.g002.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-1" role="button" data-image-width="714" data-image-height="728" data-image-alt="Fig 2" data-pmc-id="PMC11249247" data-figure-id="pntd.0012267.g002"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-1" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/fdfcf17f5cf2/pntd.0012267.g002.gif" alt="Fig 2" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="714"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="728"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Heatmaps illustrating the gene clustering… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 2 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Heatmaps illustrating the gene clustering within each hybrid expression profiles and presenting as… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Fig 2 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Heatmaps illustrating the gene clustering within each hybrid expression profiles and presenting as example F1 females (F1) compared to <i>S</i>. <i>haematobium</i> (SH) and <i>S</i>. <i>bovis</i> (SB) females: under and over-expressed profiles (a), intermediate profiles (b), <i>S</i>. <i>haematobium</i>-like profile (c) and <i>S</i>. <i>bovis</i>-like profile (d). See S3–S5 Figs for heatmaps of expression profiles of F1’ females, F1 males and F1’ males.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="2" data-label-slug="fig-3"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/2ed89255e9e5/pntd.0012267.g003.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-2" role="button" data-image-width="700" data-image-height="496" data-image-alt="Fig 3" data-pmc-id="PMC11249247" data-figure-id="pntd.0012267.g003"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-2" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/9d0bd7d72fed/pntd.0012267.g003.gif" alt="Fig 3" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="700"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="496"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> a) Barplot showing for males… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 3 </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> a) Barplot showing for males and females of each hybrid cross, the number… </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Fig 3 </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">a) Barplot showing for males and females of each hybrid cross, the number of genes falling into the over-expressed, under-expressed, intermediate, <i>S</i>. <i>haematobium</i> (<i>S</i>.<i>h</i>.) and <i>S</i>. <i>bovis</i> (<i>S</i>.<i>b</i>.) like expression profiles. b) Pie charts showing the ratio between genes assigned to a gene expression profile and unassigned genes within each cross and sex.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="3" data-label-slug="fig-4"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/ec36c3e3ce46/pntd.0012267.g004.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-3" role="button" data-image-width="720" data-image-height="922" data-image-alt="Fig 4" data-pmc-id="PMC11249247" data-figure-id="pntd.0012267.g004"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-3" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bebb/11249247/fbeccb0c305b/pntd.0012267.g004.gif" alt="Fig 4" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="720"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="922"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 4. Tree maps of non-redundant biological… </p> </strong> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Fig 4. Tree maps of non-redundant biological processes enriched in genes having an intermediate profile,… </p> </strong> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-3" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Fig 4. Tree maps of non-redundant biological processes enriched in genes having an intermediate profile, in genes having an over-expressed expression profile and in genes having an under-expressed expression profile. </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Relevant sex and cross are indicated above each tree map.</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div>  <div class="pswp figures-dialog" id="figures-dialog" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" data-image-gallery-uid="article-figures" aria-label="Figures Dialog">  <div class="pswp__bg"></div>  <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">  <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div>  <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar">  <div class="pswp__counter"></div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" title="Share"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button>   <div class="pswp__preloader"> <div class="pswp__preloader__icn"> <div class="pswp__preloader__cut"> <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap"> <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div> </div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)"> </button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)"> </button> <div class="pswp__caption"> <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-dialog-caption"> <div class="figure-caption-link-container"> <a class="figure-caption-link" href="#">See this image and copyright information in PMC</a> </div> <div class="figure-caption-center" data-expand-title="click to show full caption" data-collapse-title="click to hide full caption"> </div> <button class="figure-caption-toggle-btn" aria-label="show full caption" data-expand-text="show full caption" data-collapse-text="hide full caption">  </button> </div> </div> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/34941866/" ref="article_id=34941866&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="34941866" data-ga-label=""> Morphological and genomic characterisation of the Schistosoma hybrid infecting humans in Europe reveals admixture between Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Kincaid-Smith J, Tracey A, de Carvalho Augusto R, Bulla I, Holroyd N, Rognon A, Rey O, Chaparro C, Oleaga A, Mas-Coma S, Allienne JF, Grunau C, Berriman M, Boissier J, Toulza E.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Kincaid-Smith J, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021 Dec 23;15(12):e0010062. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010062. eCollection 2021 Dec.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">34941866</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/31727202/" ref="article_id=31727202&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="31727202" data-ga-label=""> High prevalence of <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em> × <em>Schistosoma bovis</em> hybrids in schoolchildren in Côte d'Ivoire. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Angora EK, Allienne JF, Rey O, Menan H, Touré AO, Coulibaly JT, Raso G, Yavo W, N'Goran EK, Utzinger J, Balmer O, Boissier J.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Angora EK, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Parasitology. 2020 Mar;147(3):287-294. doi: 10.1017/S0031182019001549. 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Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis first generation hybrids undergo gene expressions changes consistent with species compatibility and heterosis - PubMed