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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-The_"average_Wikipedian"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Women_are_underrepresented" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women_are_underrepresented"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Women are underrepresented</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women_are_underrepresented-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Those_without_Internet_are_underrepresented" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Those_without_Internet_are_underrepresented"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Those without Internet are underrepresented</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Those_without_Internet_are_underrepresented-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mobile_device_users_are_underrepresented" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mobile_device_users_are_underrepresented"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Mobile device users are underrepresented</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mobile_device_users_are_underrepresented-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-English-speaking_editors_from_Anglophone_countries_dominate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English-speaking_editors_from_Anglophone_countries_dominate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>English-speaking editors from Anglophone countries dominate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English-speaking_editors_from_Anglophone_countries_dominate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-An_American_or_European_perspective_may_exist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#An_American_or_European_perspective_may_exist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>An American or European perspective may exist</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-An_American_or_European_perspective_may_exist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_factors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_factors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>External factors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_factors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External factors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_factors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Availability_of_sources_may_cause_bias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Availability_of_sources_may_cause_bias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Availability of sources may cause bias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Availability_of_sources_may_cause_bias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Representation_in_sources_may_cause_bias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representation_in_sources_may_cause_bias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Representation in sources may cause bias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Representation_in_sources_may_cause_bias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Content_reflects_the_bias_in_a_source" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Content_reflects_the_bias_in_a_source"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Content reflects the bias in a source</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Content_reflects_the_bias_in_a_source-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Why_it_matters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Why_it_matters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Why it matters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Why_it_matters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_you_can_do" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_you_can_do"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>What you can do</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_you_can_do-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barnstar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barnstar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Barnstar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barnstar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Systemic bias</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9" title="ويكيبيديا:انحياز المنظومة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:انحياز المنظومة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:সহজাত পক্ষপাত – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:সহজাত পক্ষপাত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sesgo_intr%C3%ADnseco" title="Wikipedia:Sesgo intrínseco – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikipedia:Sesgo intrínseco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="ویکی‌پدیا:سوگیری ذاتی سامانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:سوگیری ذاتی سامانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0%EC%A0%81_%ED%8E%B8%ED%96%A5" title="위키백과:구조적 편향 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:구조적 편향" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Systematisk_skjevhet" title="Wikipedia:Systematisk skjevhet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikipedia:Systematisk skjevhet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Vi%C3%A9s_sist%C3%AAmico" title="Wikipédia:Viés sistêmico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Viés sistêmico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Википедия:Системные отклонения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Системные 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You may be looking for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gender_bias_and_editing_on_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Gender bias and editing on Wikipedia">Wikipedia:Gender bias and editing on Wikipedia</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This is an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#How-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">explanatory essay</a> about <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Wikipedia:Neutral point of view</a></b>. <br/><div style="font-size:90%;"> This page provides additional information about concepts in the page(s) it supplements. This page is not one of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</a> as it has not been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus#Levels_of_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">thoroughly vetted by the community</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:BIAS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:BIAS&redirect=no">WP:BIAS</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Explanatory essay about Wikipedia:Neutral point of view</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238436933"><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice nutshell" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Walnut.svg/30px-Walnut.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Walnut.svg/45px-Walnut.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Walnut.svg/60px-Walnut.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> Wikipedia aims for a neutral point of view, but it falls short due to systemic bias caused by the narrow demographics of its editing community. This bias results in underrepresentation of Global South perspectives, limited access individuals, and women, among others.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Wikipedia strives for a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral point of view</a>, both in terms of the articles that are created and the content, perspectives and sources within those articles. However, the encyclopedia fails in this goal because of <b><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Wikipedia#Systemic_bias_in_coverage" title="Criticism of Wikipedia">systemic bias</a></b> created by the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_community" title="Wikipedia community">editing community</a>'s narrow social and cultural demographic. Bias can be either <i>implicit</i> when articles or information are missing from the encyclopedia, or <i>explicit</i> when an article's content or sources are biased. This essay addresses issues of systemic bias specific to the <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a>. </p><p>As a result of <a href="/wiki/Systemic_bias" title="Systemic bias">systemic bias</a>, Wikipedia underrepresents the perspectives of people in the <a href="/wiki/Global_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Global South">Global South</a>, people who lack adequate access to the internet or a serviceable computer, and people who do not have free time to edit the encyclopedia. Topics for which <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RS">reliable sources</a> are not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Recentism" title="Wikipedia:Recentism">recently published</a>, easily available online, and in English are systematically underrepresented, and Wikipedia tends to show a White Anglo-American<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> perspective on issues due to the preponderance of English-speaking editors from Anglophone countries. The perspectives of women are also underrepresented. </p><p>While there are some external factors that contribute to systemic bias (such as availability of sources and disproportionate global media coverage of events in predominantly white Anglophone countries), there is also a vast body of <a href="/wiki/Critical_theory" title="Critical theory">critical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Decoloniality" title="Decoloniality">decolonial scholarship</a> that offers broader perspectives than those that are presently available on Wikipedia. These peer-reviewed studies provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RS">reliable sources</a> that are relatively easy to incorporate into the encyclopedia and have enormous potential for countering systemic bias.<sup id="cite_ref-Bjork-James_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bjork-James-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="The_"average_Wikipedian"" data-mw-thread-id="h-The_"average_Wikipedian""><span id="The_.22average_Wikipedian.22"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span>The "average Wikipedian"<span data-mw-comment-end="h-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The "average Wikipedian""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:AVERAGE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:AVERAGE&redirect=no">WP:AVERAGE</a></span></li></ul></div></div><p> Wikipedia's systemic bias portrays the world through the filter of the experiences and views of the "average Wikipedian". The common characteristics of average <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedians" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedians">Wikipedians</a> inevitably color the content of Wikipedia. The average Wikipedian on the <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2005 was<sup id="cite_ref-Livingstone2010_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Livingstone2010-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div><ol><li>white</li><li>male</li><li>technically inclined</li><li>formally educated</li><li>an English speaker (native or non-native)</li><li>aged 15–49</li><li>from a majority-<a href="/wiki/Christianity_by_country" title="Christianity by country">Christian country</a></li><li>from a <a href="/wiki/Developed_country" title="Developed country">developed nation</a></li><li>from the <a href="/wiki/Global_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Global North">Global North</a></li><li>likely employed as a <a href="/wiki/White-collar_worker" title="White-collar worker">white-collar worker</a> or enrolled as a <a href="/wiki/Student" title="Student">student</a> rather than being employed as a <a href="/wiki/Blue-collar_worker" title="Blue-collar worker">blue-collar worker</a>.</li></ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women_are_underrepresented" data-mw-thread-id="h-Women_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Women_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span>Women are underrepresented<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Women_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Women are underrepresented"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Gender bias on Wikipedia">Gender bias on Wikipedia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias#Selection_based_on_gender_bias" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias">WP:WikiProject Countering systemic bias § Selection based on gender bias</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Gender bias on Wikipedia">Women are underrepresented on Wikipedia</a>, making up only 8.5–15% of active contributors in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A peer-reviewed study published in 2013 estimated 16.1% of editors were women.<sup id="cite_ref-Hill_2013_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hill_2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (29 September 2024)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gender_gap" class="extiw" title="meta:Gender gap">gender gap</a> has not been closing over time and, on average, female editors leave Wikipedia earlier than male editors.<sup id="cite_ref-clubhouse_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clubhouse-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research suggests that the gender gap has a detrimental effect on content coverage: articles with particular interest to women tend to be shorter, even when controlling for variables that affect article length.<sup id="cite_ref-clubhouse_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clubhouse-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Women typically perceive Wikipedia to be of lower quality than men do.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Those_without_Internet_are_underrepresented" data-mw-thread-id="h-Those_without_Internet_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Those_without_Internet_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span>Those without Internet are underrepresented<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Those_without_Internet_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Those without Internet are underrepresented"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:InternetUsersWorldMap_2013.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/InternetUsersWorldMap_2013.svg/220px-InternetUsersWorldMap_2013.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/InternetUsersWorldMap_2013.svg/330px-InternetUsersWorldMap_2013.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/InternetUsersWorldMap_2013.svg/440px-InternetUsersWorldMap_2013.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="443"/></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_Internet_users" title="List of countries by number of Internet users">Population of Internet users by country</a> (ITU figures, 2012)<sup id="cite_ref-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:InternetPenetrationWorldMap.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/InternetPenetrationWorldMap.svg/220px-InternetPenetrationWorldMap.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/InternetPenetrationWorldMap.svg/330px-InternetPenetrationWorldMap.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/InternetPenetrationWorldMap.svg/440px-InternetPenetrationWorldMap.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1035" data-file-height="531"/></a><figcaption>Internet usage by percentage of each country's population (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Internet access is required to contribute to Wikipedia, so people who have less access to the internet, including people in developing nations, the <a href="/wiki/Poverty" title="Poverty">poor</a>, the disabled, and the elderly, are underrepresented on Wikipedia. The Wikimedia foundation estimates that "80% of our page views are from the Global North, and 83% of our edits."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Groups who lack access to <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a>, schooling, and <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a> include <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Latinos</a> in the U.S., <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Canada" title="Indigenous peoples in Canada">Indigenous peoples in Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal Australians</a>, and poorer populations of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, among others.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wikipedians are likely to be more technically inclined than the average internet user because of the technical barrier presented by the software interface and the Wiki <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup language</a> that discourage many potential editors. The <a href="/wiki/VisualEditor" title="VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> offered by the Wikimedia Foundation for many of its projects (including the English Wikipedia), is buggy and increases load times. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobile_device_users_are_underrepresented" data-mw-thread-id="h-Mobile_device_users_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Mobile_device_users_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span>Mobile device users are underrepresented<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Mobile_device_users_are_underrepresented-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mobile device users are underrepresented"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While <a href="/wiki/Usage_share_of_web_browsers#Crossover_to_smartphones_having_majority_share" title="Usage share of web browsers">most Internet traffic</a> is generated by <a href="/wiki/Smartphones" class="mw-redirect" title="Smartphones">smartphones</a>, the majority of Wikipedia edits are done on <a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">laptop</a> computers. <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a>'s functionality and Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PAG" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PAG">policies and guidelines</a> were primarily designed for editors using desktop <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browsers</a>. Editors who access the Internet through a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">mobile device</a> may encounter difficulties with editing on Wikipedia using the <a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">mobile website and apps</a>. Also, it is significantly more burdensome for mobile device users to participate in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TALK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TALK">talk page discussions</a> as the editing interface is less accessible on mobile devices. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English-speaking_editors_from_Anglophone_countries_dominate" data-mw-thread-id="h-English-speaking_editors_from_Anglophone_countries_dominate-The_"average_Wikipedian""><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-English-speaking_editors_from_Anglophone_countries_dominate-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span>English-speaking editors from Anglophone countries dominate<span data-mw-comment-end="h-English-speaking_editors_from_Anglophone_countries_dominate-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: English-speaking editors from Anglophone countries dominate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="anglophone"></span> Despite the many contributions of Wikipedians writing in <a href="/wiki/English_as_a_second_or_foreign_language" title="English as a second or foreign language">English as a non-native language</a>, the English Wikipedia is dominated by native English-speaking editors from <a href="/wiki/English-speaking_world" title="English-speaking world">Anglophone countries</a> (particularly the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia). Anglophone countries are mostly in the <a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">global North</a>, thereby accentuating the encyclopedia's bias to contributions from <a href="/wiki/First_World" title="First World">First World</a> countries. Countries and regions where either English is an <a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official language</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and other former colonies of the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>) and other countries where English-language schooling is common (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, and some other European countries) participate more than countries without broad teaching of English. Hence, the latter remain underrepresented. The majority of the world's population lives in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a>, which contributes toward a <a href="/wiki/Selection_bias" title="Selection bias">selection bias</a> to a Northern Hemisphere perspective. This selection bias interacts with the other causes of systemic bias discussed above, which slants the selection to a pro-Northern Hemisphere perspective.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_Wikipedia" title="Censorship of Wikipedia">Wikipedia is blocked in some countries</a> due to government censorship. The most common method of circumventing such censorship, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">editing through an open proxy</a>, may not work as Wikipedia may block the proxy in an effort to prevent it from being abused by certain users, such as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">vandals</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="An_American_or_European_perspective_may_exist" data-mw-thread-id="h-An_American_or_European_perspective_may_exist-The_"average_Wikipedian""><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-An_American_or_European_perspective_may_exist-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span>An American or European perspective may exist<span data-mw-comment-end="h-An_American_or_European_perspective_may_exist-The_"average_Wikipedian""></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: An American or European perspective may exist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:GLOBAL" redirects here. You may also be looking for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Global_rights_policy" title="Wikipedia:Global rights policy">Wikipedia:Global rights policy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Global_project" title="Wikipedia:Global project">Wikipedia:Global project</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:GLOBAL"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:GLOBAL&redirect=no">WP:GLOBAL</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Imageworld-artphp3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Imageworld-artphp3.png/220px-Imageworld-artphp3.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Imageworld-artphp3.png/330px-Imageworld-artphp3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Imageworld-artphp3.png/440px-Imageworld-artphp3.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"/></a><figcaption>Worldwide density of geotagged Wikipedia entries as of 2013</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geonames4.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Geonames4.png/220px-Geonames4.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Geonames4.png/330px-Geonames4.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Geonames4.png/440px-Geonames4.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"/></a><figcaption>Worldwide density of <a href="/wiki/GeoNames" title="GeoNames">GeoNames</a> entries as of 2006</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geolocated_images_in_Wikimedia_Commons_2017-09-20.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Geolocated_images_in_Wikimedia_Commons_2017-09-20.png/220px-Geolocated_images_in_Wikimedia_Commons_2017-09-20.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Geolocated_images_in_Wikimedia_Commons_2017-09-20.png/330px-Geolocated_images_in_Wikimedia_Commons_2017-09-20.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Geolocated_images_in_Wikimedia_Commons_2017-09-20.png/440px-Geolocated_images_in_Wikimedia_Commons_2017-09-20.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="360"/></a><figcaption>All geolocated images in <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> as of 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>Maps of geotagged Wikipedia articles and geolocated images on Wikimedia Commons show notable gaps in comparison to the density of items in the GeoNames database. </p><p>Most English-speaking (native or non-native) contributors to Wikipedia are American or European, which can lead to an American or European perspective. In addition, Anglophone contributors from outside of the United States and countries in Europe are likely to be more familiar with those countries than other parts of the world. This leads to, for example, a 2015 version of "<a href="/wiki/Special:PermanentLink/653153923" title="Special:PermanentLink/653153923">Demonym</a>" (an article that ostensibly is on all <a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">demonyms</a> for all peoples across the globe) listing six different demonyms in the article lede, with five of them being western or central European nationalities, and the other being Canadian. Another example is that a 2015 version of the article "<a href="/wiki/Special:PermanentLink/641595916" title="Special:PermanentLink/641595916">Harbor</a>" listed three examples in the article lede, all from California. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_factors" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_factors"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_factors"></span>External factors<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_factors"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External factors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:SBEXT"></span><span id="WP:SBEXTERNAL"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SBEXT&redirect=no">WP:SBEXT</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:SBEXTERNAL&redirect=no">WP:SBEXTERNAL</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Because <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RS">reliable sources</a> are <i>required</i> by Wikipedia policy, topics are limited in their contents by the sources available to editors. This is a particularly acute problem for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">biographies of living persons</a>. The extent to which Wikipedia editors can correct for external factors is a matter of debate — should Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability,_not_truth" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability, not truth">reflect the world as it presents itself</a>, or as Wikipedians would hope the world could be? </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Availability_of_sources_may_cause_bias" data-mw-thread-id="h-Availability_of_sources_may_cause_bias-External_factors"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Availability_of_sources_may_cause_bias-External_factors"></span>Availability of sources may cause bias<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Availability_of_sources_may_cause_bias-External_factors"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Availability of sources may cause bias"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Availability of sources is not uniform. This manifests both from the language a source is written in and the ease with which it can be accessed. Sources published in a medium that is both widely available and familiar to editors, such as a news website, are more likely to be used than those from esoteric or foreign-language publications regardless of their reliability. For example, a 2007 story on the <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> website is more likely to be cited than a 1967 edition of the <i><a href="/wiki/Thai_Post" title="Thai Post">Thai Post</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Ve%C4%8Dernje_novosti" title="Večernje novosti">Večernje novosti</a></i>. Similarly, the cost of access to a source can be a barrier; for example, most research in <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a> is freely available to the public via <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a> or <a href="/wiki/NASA_ADS" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA ADS">NASA ADS</a>, while many <a href="/wiki/Law_review" title="Law review">law journals</a> are available only through costly subscription services. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability" title="Wikipedia:Notability">Notability</a> is more difficult to establish in non-Anglophone topics because of a lack of English sources and little incentive among anglophone participants to find <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RSUE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RSUE">sources in the native language</a> of the topic. A lack of native language editors of the topic only compounds the problems. <a href="/wiki/Publication_bias" title="Publication bias">Publication bias</a> and <a href="/wiki/FUTON_bias" class="mw-redirect" title="FUTON bias">full-text-on-the-net bias</a> also make it more likely that editors will find reliable coverage for topics with easily available sources than articles dependent on off-line or difficult to find sources. The lack of sources and therefore notability causes articles to go through the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_process" title="Wikipedia:Deletion process">deletion process</a> of Wikipedia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Representation_in_sources_may_cause_bias" data-mw-thread-id="h-Representation_in_sources_may_cause_bias-External_factors"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Representation_in_sources_may_cause_bias-External_factors"></span>Representation in sources may cause bias<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Representation_in_sources_may_cause_bias-External_factors"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Representation in sources may cause bias"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Representation within sources is not uniform due to societal realities, and the external lack of coverage results in an internal lack of coverage. A 2015 survey<sup id="cite_ref-Ceiling_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ceiling-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of material from 2000 U.S. newspapers and online news found that:<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Between 1983 and 2008 in 13 major U.S. newspapers, 40% of mentions went to 1% of names, and the people that received the most mentions were almost all male.</li> <li>Male names in those 13 newspapers were mentioned four times as often as female names.</li> <li>When the dataset was expanded to all 2000 sources, the ratio increased to nearly 5:1.</li> <li>The authors proposed that "the persistent social realities of acute gender inequalities at the top in politics, the business world, and sports translate into highly imbalanced gender coverage patterns".</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Global_Media_Monitoring_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Media Monitoring Project">Global Media Monitoring Project</a> (GMMP) follows trends in newspaper, radio, television, internet news and news media tweets and, as of 2015, finds that women make up 24% of persons that are heard, seen, or read about. GMMP also noted imbalance in the subject matter of topics reported in the news overall: 27% social/legal, 24% government/politics, 14% economy, 13% crime/violence, 11% celebrity/arts/sports, and 8% science/health (and 2% other).<sup id="cite_ref-GMMP_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GMMP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Content_reflects_the_bias_in_a_source" data-mw-thread-id="h-Content_reflects_the_bias_in_a_source-External_factors"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Content_reflects_the_bias_in_a_source-External_factors"></span>Content reflects the bias in a source<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Content_reflects_the_bias_in_a_source-External_factors"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Content reflects the bias in a source"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wikipedia started with a vision, a "radical idea", later expressed by cofounder <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a>: "Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. That's what we're doing."<sup id="cite_ref-Wales_TED_Talk_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wales_TED_Talk-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That means that it is part of Wikipedia's function to document biases, opinions, and points of view. They are part of "all human knowledge", and we find them in the reliable sources we use. </p><p>Wikipedia content reflects the biases in the sources it uses. The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NPOV">neutral point of view (NPOV)</a> policy requires articles to fairly and proportionately represent the views published in reliable sources. It does not permit editors to "correct" or remove biases they see in sources, or to allow their own beliefs and opinions to "get between" the sources and the content. Editors should put their own opinions aside and "stay out of the way" by neutrally documenting what a source says, including its opinions and biases. That means that when editors edit neutrally, Wikipedia content will reflect the biases found in reliable sources. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Examples" data-mw-thread-id="h-Examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Examples"></span>Examples<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Examples"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ethnocentric articles present a national situation as if it were global. In-depth coverage of national situations belongs in a national article.</li> <li>Wikipedia editors belong to a <a href="/wiki/Social_class" title="Social class">social class</a> that has internet access and enough leisure time to edit Wikipedia articles, so issues of interest to other social classes aren't well covered.</li> <li>Perspective bias is internal to articles that are <a href="/wiki/Universality_(philosophy)" title="Universality (philosophy)">universal</a> in aspect. It is not at all apparent from <a href="/wiki/Lunch" title="Lunch">lunch</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">tiffin</a>) or the linguistic term <a href="/wiki/Continuous_aspect" class="mw-redirect" title="Continuous aspect">continuous aspect</a> that these concepts exist outside of the industrialized world.</li> <li>Popular culture topics, especially television and video games, are often covered as if only the US, the UK, and Japan exist (depending on the origin of the Wikipedian).</li> <li>The historical perspective of the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies of World War II</a>, particularly the US and the United Kingdom, prevails. As of March 22, 2012, 11 <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_pictures" title="Wikipedia:Featured pictures">featured pictures</a> on World War I were of Allied origin and none from the <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a>.</li> <li>Articles containing a "Religious views" section frequently include Christianity, Islam, and Judaism while neglecting the views of other religions. Ideally, an article describing religious views on a topic should incorporate Christian, Muslim, Hindu, and Buddhist views, at a minimum, though the exact choice of religious opinions will depend upon the topic's scope (e.g., a Chinese topic might not necessitate a Christian view, but it might necessitate a Taoist view). Religions' views should be allocated space in accordance with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NPOV">the policy on neutral point of view</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DUE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DUE">due weight</a>. One should be especially careful to not give more weight to Christian views on a non-Christian topic than to the views of religions more associated with that topic. For instance, as of 13 April 2022, <a href="/wiki/Special:PermanentLink/1080723630#Influence" title="Special:PermanentLink/1080723630">the "Influence" section</a> of the article on the Zohar, a foundational work in Jewish mysticism, devoted four times as much space to the document's influence on Christianity as it did to its influence on Judaism.</li> <li>Wikipedia content is skewed by widespread <a href="/wiki/Conflict-of-interest_editing_on_Wikipedia" title="Conflict-of-interest editing on Wikipedia">editing by persons with conflicts of interest</a>, including corporations who pay staffers and consultants to create articles about themselves. This skews Wikipedia content toward POVs belonging to persons and corporations who pay for marketing.</li> <li>Articles where the article name can mean several different things tend to default to subject matter more familiar to the average Wikipedian.</li> <li>Eurocentricism is particularly visibile in coverage of recent events. Such events are edited out of proportion with their significance. <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Wilbanks" class="mw-redirect" title="Jennifer Wilbanks">Jennifer Wilbanks</a>, an American woman who attracted media attention when she was presumed kidnapped but actually ran away to avoid marrying her fiancé, has a significantly longer article than <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Makuza" title="Bernard Makuza">Bernard Makuza</a>, who was Prime Minister of Rwanda from 2000 to 2011. Additionally, the "<a href="/wiki/Template:In_the_news" title="Template:In the news">In the news</a>" section on Wikipedia's front page features a disproportionate amount of news from English-speaking nations.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recentism" class="mw-redirect" title="Recentism">Recentism</a> is a bias toward coverage of recent events. It is caused by the difficulty of finding journals, magazines, and news sources from the pre-internet era.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="NHBIAS"></span>Some <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a> articles discuss the night sky as seen from the Northern Hemisphere without adequate coverage of the view from the Southern Hemisphere. Sometimes "not visible from the Northern Hemisphere" is used as a synonym of "not visible at all". Some obscure constellations in the Northern sky are covered in more depth than more prominent Southern constellations.</li> <li>Articles often use Northern Hemisphere <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">temperate zone</a> <a href="/wiki/Season" title="Season">seasons</a> to describe time periods that are longer than a month and shorter than a year. Such usage can be confusing and misleading for people who live in the Southern Hemisphere and for people in tropical areas that do not experience temperate-zone seasons.</li> <li>Due to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NFCC" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NFCC">severe restrictions</a> on the use of images that are not free content, certain groups of articles are more likely to be illustrated than others. For example, articles on American politicians often have images while articles on Nepalese politicians usually do not.</li></ul> <p>There is further information on biases <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias/Geography" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias/Geography">in Geography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias/Politics" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias/Politics">in Politics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias/History" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias/History">in History</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias/Mathematics" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias/Mathematics">in Logic</a>. See also <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias/Project_details" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias/Project details">Countering systemic bias: Project details</a> for an older introduction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Why_it_matters" data-mw-thread-id="h-Why_it_matters"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Why_it_matters"></span>Why it matters<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Why_it_matters"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Why it matters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Systemic bias violates <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NPOV">neutral point of view</a>, which is one of Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PILLARS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PILLARS">five pillars</a>, so it should be fixed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_you_can_do" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_you_can_do"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_you_can_do"></span>What you can do<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_you_can_do"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: What you can do"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="Wikipedia:BIASWCYD"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:BIASWCYD&redirect=no">Wikipedia:BIASWCYD</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Read about other people's perspectives, work to understand your own biases, and try to represent <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Wikipedia's NPOV policy</a> in your editing. Invite others to edit, and be respectful of others' views. Avoid topics where you expect that you are biased or where you don't wish to make the effort to overcome those biases. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="SecondLanguage"></span>Read newspapers, magazines, reliable websites, and other versions of Wikipedia in languages other than English. If you know only English, read articles from other countries where English is a primary language, like <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>. Also, some countries where English is not an official language do have important English-language press (such as <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>). Where such English-language press is not available, <a href="/wiki/Machine_translation" title="Machine translation">automated translation</a>, though imperfect and error-prone, can enable you access articles in many languages, and may be a reasonably adequate substitute. Consider <a href="/wiki/Second-language_acquisition" title="Second-language acquisition">learning another language</a>. </p><p>There is a vast body of <a href="/wiki/Critical_theory" title="Critical theory">critical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Decoloniality" title="Decoloniality">decolonial scholarship</a> that offers much broader perspectives than those that are presently available on Wikipedia. These peer-reviewed studies provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RS">reliable sources</a> that are relatively easy to incorporate into the encyclopedia and have enormous potential for countering systemic bias.<sup id="cite_ref-Bjork-James_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bjork-James-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Use judicious placement of the <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Globalize" title="Template:Globalize">Globalize</a>}}</code>, <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Globalize_section" title="Template:Globalize section">Globalize section</a>}}</code>, and <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Globalize-inline" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Globalize-inline">Globalize-inline</a>}}</code> templates in Wikipedia articles which you believe exhibit systemic bias, along with adding your reasoning and possible mitigations to the corresponding talk pages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Barnstar" data-mw-thread-id="h-Barnstar"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Barnstar"></span>Barnstar<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Barnstar"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Barnstar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border: 2px solid navy; background-color: AliceBlue;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Systemic_bias_Barnstar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Systemic_bias_Barnstar.png/100px-Systemic_bias_Barnstar.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Systemic_bias_Barnstar.png/150px-Systemic_bias_Barnstar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Systemic_bias_Barnstar.png/200px-Systemic_bias_Barnstar.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1824"/></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;"><b>The Anti-Systemic Bias Barnstar</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 2px solid gray;">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Barnstar" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Barnstar">Barnstar</a> may be awarded to Wikipedians who help reduce the encyclopedia's systemic bias. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Award this barnstar by placing {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Anti-Systemic_Bias_Barnstar" title="Template:Anti-Systemic Bias Barnstar">subst:Anti-Systemic Bias Barnstar</a>|reason}} on user talk pages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_studies_about_Wikipedia#A_minority_of_editors_produce_the_majority_of_persistent_content" title="Academic studies about Wikipedia">Academic studies about Wikipedia § A minority of editors produce the majority of persistent content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tendentious_editing#Characteristics_of_problem_editors" title="Wikipedia:Tendentious editing">WP:Tendentious editing § Characteristics of problem editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Wikipedia#Systemic_bias_in_coverage" title="Criticism of Wikipedia">Criticism of Wikipedia § Systemic bias in coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias/Global_perspective" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias/Global perspective">Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias/Global perspective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geographic_imbalance" title="Wikipedia:Geographic imbalance">Wikipedia:Geographic imbalance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_Internet_users" title="List of countries by number of Internet users">List of countries by number of Internet users</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bias_blind_spot" title="Bias blind spot">Bias blind spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FUTON_bias" class="mw-redirect" title="FUTON bias">FUTON bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEIRD_bias" class="mw-redirect" title="WEIRD bias">WEIRD bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Gender bias on Wikipedia">Gender bias on Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Racial bias on Wikipedia">Racial bias on Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halo_effect" title="Halo effect">Halo effect</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Globalize" title="Template:Globalize">Globalize</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Case/Noleander#Bias_and_prejudice" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Case/Noleander">WP:Bias and prejudice</a>, a principle from the Arbitration committee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_is_not_a_level_playing_field" title="Wikipedia:Notability is not a level playing field">Wikipedia:Notability is not a level playing field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_means_neutral_editing,_not_neutral_content" title="Wikipedia:NPOV means neutral editing, not neutral content">Wikipedia:NPOV means neutral editing, not neutral content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Race_and_ethnicity" title="Wikipedia:Race and ethnicity">Wikipedia:Race and ethnicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indigenous_peoples_of_North_America/Determining_Native_American_and_Indigenous_Canadian_identities" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Indigenous peoples of North America/Determining Native American and Indigenous Canadian identities">Wikipedia:WikiProject Indigenous peoples of North America/Determining Native American and Indigenous Canadian identities</a> - most Wikipedians find this topic overwhelming and confusing; we're here to help</li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_consensus_effect" title="False consensus effect">False consensus effect</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_survey" title="Wikipedia:User survey">Wikipedia:User survey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg_survey,_2005" title="Wikipedia:University of Würzburg survey, 2005">Wikipedia:University of Würzburg survey, 2005</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2021-06-27/Recent_research&oldid=1035479882">"Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2021-06-27/Recent research"</a>, <i>Wikipedia</i>, 2021-07-25<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-23</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=Wikipedia%3AWikipedia+Signpost%2F2021-06-27%2FRecent+research&rft.date=2021-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DWikipedia%3AWikipedia_Signpost%2F2021-06-27%2FRecent_research%26oldid%3D1035479882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bjork-James-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bjork-James_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bjork-James_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBjork-James2021" class="citation journal cs1">Bjork-James, Carwil (2021-07-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13614568.2020.1865463">"New maps for an inclusive Wikipedia: decolonial scholarship and strategies to counter systemic bias"</a>. <i>New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia</i>. <b>27</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">207–</span>228. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021NRvHM..27..207B">2021NRvHM..27..207B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13614568.2020.1865463">10.1080/13614568.2020.1865463</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1361-4568">1361-4568</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:234286415">234286415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Review+of+Hypermedia+and+Multimedia&rft.atitle=New+maps+for+an+inclusive+Wikipedia%3A+decolonial+scholarship+and+strategies+to+counter+systemic+bias&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E207-%3C%2Fspan%3E228&rft.date=2021-07-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13614568.2020.1865463&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A234286415%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1361-4568&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2021NRvHM..27..207B&rft.aulast=Bjork-James&rft.aufirst=Carwil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1080%2F13614568.2020.1865463&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Livingstone2010-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Livingstone2010_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLivingstone2010" class="citation journal cs1">Livingstone, Randall M. (2010-11-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/315">"Let's Leave the Bias to the Mainstream Media: A Wikipedia Community Fighting for Information Neutrality"</a>. <i>M/C Journal</i>. <b>13</b> (6). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5204%2Fmcj.315">10.5204/mcj.315</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1441-2616">1441-2616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=M%2FC+Journal&rft.atitle=Let%27s+Leave+the+Bias+to+the+Mainstream+Media%3A+A+Wikipedia+Community+Fighting+for+Information+Neutrality&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.date=2010-11-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5204%2Fmcj.315&rft.issn=1441-2616&rft.aulast=Livingstone&rft.aufirst=Randall+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journal.media-culture.org.au%2Findex.php%2Fmcjournal%2Farticle%2Fview%2F315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cohen, Noam (January 30, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html?_r=3&partner=rss&emc=rss">"Define Gender Gap? Look Up Wikipedia’s Contributor List"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Retrieved January 7, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Editor_Survey_Report_-_April_2011.pdf&page=3">"Editor Survey Report – April 2011"</a>. Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved January 7, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hill_2013-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hill_2013_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHillShaw2013" class="citation journal cs1">Hill, Benjamin Mako; Shaw, Aaron (June 26, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3694126">"The Wikipedia Gender Gap Revisited: Characterizing Survey Response Bias with Propensity Score Estimation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PLOS_One" title="PLOS One">PLOS One</a></i>. <b>8</b> (6): e65782. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013PLoSO...865782H">2013PLoSO...865782H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0065782">10.1371/journal.pone.0065782</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3694126">3694126</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23840366">23840366</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+One&rft.atitle=The+Wikipedia+Gender+Gap+Revisited%3A+Characterizing+Survey+Response+Bias+with+Propensity+Score+Estimation&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=e65782&rft.date=2013-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3694126%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23840366&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0065782&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013PLoSO...865782H&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+Mako&rft.au=Shaw%2C+Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3694126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clubhouse-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-clubhouse_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-clubhouse_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lam, Shyong (Tony) K.; Uduwage, Anuradha; Dong, Zhenhua; Sen, Shilad; Musicant, David R.; Terveen, Loren; Riedl, John (October 3–5, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grouplens.org/system/files/wp-gender-wikisym2011.pdf">"WP:Clubhouse? An Exploration of Wikipedia’s Gender Imbalance"</a>. <i>WikiSym’11</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S. Lim and N. Kwon (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mendeley.com/research/gender-differences-information-behavior-concerning-wikipedia-unorthodox-information-source/">"Gender differences in information behavior concerning Wikipedia, an unorthodox information source?"</a> <i>Library & Information Science Research</i>, 32 (3): 212–220. <a href="//doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2010.01.003" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1016/j.lisr.2010.01.003">DOI: 10.1016/j.lisr.2010.01.003</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/statistics/2013/Individuals_Internet_2000-2012.xls">http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/statistics/2013/Individuals_Internet_2000-2012.xls</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (February 2022)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson2011" class="citation web cs1">Nelson, Anne (19 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2011/07/wikipedia-taps-college-ambassadors-to-broaden-editor-base200">"Wikipedia Taps College 'Ambassadors' to Broaden Editor Base"</a>. <i>www.pbs.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pbs.org&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+Taps+College+%27Ambassadors%27+to+Broaden+Editor+Base&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fmediashift%2F2011%2F07%2Fwikipedia-taps-college-ambassadors-to-broaden-editor-base200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMossberger,_Karen2009" class="citation book cs1">Mossberger, Karen (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GJdfuGSa1xUC&pg=PA173">"Toward digital citizenship: addressing inequality in the information age"</a>. In Chadwick, Andrew (ed.). <i>Routledge handbook of Internet politics</i>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415429146" title="Special:BookSources/9780415429146"><bdi>9780415429146</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Toward+digital+citizenship%3A+addressing+inequality+in+the+information+age&rft.btitle=Routledge+handbook+of+Internet+politics&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780415429146&rft.au=Mossberger%2C+Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGJdfuGSa1xUC%26pg%3DPA173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCavanagh,_Allison2007" class="citation book cs1">Cavanagh, Allison (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IrbL2Yxu8YoC&pg=PA65"><i>Sociology in the age of the Internet</i></a>. McGraw-Hill International. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780335217250" title="Special:BookSources/9780335217250"><bdi>9780335217250</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sociology+in+the+age+of+the+Internet&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill+International&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780335217250&rft.au=Cavanagh%2C+Allison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIrbL2Yxu8YoC%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen,_WenhongWellman,_Barry2005" class="citation book cs1">Chen, Wenhong; Wellman, Barry (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x6Dm8ghMYrAC&pg=PA523">"Minding the Cyber-Gap: the Internet and Social Inequality"</a>. In Romero, Mary; Margolis, Eric (eds.). <i>The Blackwell companion to social inequalities</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780631231547" title="Special:BookSources/9780631231547"><bdi>9780631231547</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Minding+the+Cyber-Gap%3A+the+Internet+and+Social+Inequality&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+companion+to+social+inequalities&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780631231547&rft.au=Chen%2C+Wenhong&rft.au=Wellman%2C+Barry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx6Dm8ghMYrAC%26pg%3DPA523&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorris,_Pippa2001" class="citation book cs1">Norris, Pippa (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wfNPdyiwbYQC&pg=PA78">"Social inequality"</a>. <i>Digital divide: civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521002233" title="Special:BookSources/9780521002233"><bdi>9780521002233</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Social+inequality&rft.btitle=Digital+divide%3A+civic+engagement%2C+information+poverty%2C+and+the+Internet+worldwide&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780521002233&rft.au=Norris%2C+Pippa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwfNPdyiwbYQC%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Graham2009" class="citation news cs1">Mark Graham (2 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/dec/02/wikipedia-known-unknowns-geotagging-knowledge">"Wikipedia's known unknowns"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian.co.uk&rft.atitle=Wikipedia%27s+known+unknowns&rft.date=2009-12-02&rft.au=Mark+Graham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Ftechnology%2F2009%2Fdec%2F02%2Fwikipedia-known-unknowns-geotagging-knowledge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ceiling-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ceiling_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShorvan_de_RijtMiltsovKulkarni2015" class="citation journal cs1">Shor, Eran; van de Rijt, Arnout; Miltsov, Alex; Kulkarni, Vivek; Skiena, Steven (30 September 2015). "A Paper Ceiling". <i><a href="/wiki/American_Sociological_Review" title="American Sociological Review">American Sociological Review</a></i>. <b>80</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">960–</span>984. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0003122415596999">10.1177/0003122415596999</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:52225299">52225299</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Sociological+Review&rft.atitle=A+Paper+Ceiling&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E960-%3C%2Fspan%3E984&rft.date=2015-09-30&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0003122415596999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A52225299%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Shor&rft.aufirst=Eran&rft.au=van+de+Rijt%2C+Arnout&rft.au=Miltsov%2C+Alex&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Vivek&rft.au=Skiena%2C+Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrdway2016" class="citation news cs1">Ordway, Denise-Marie (January 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journalistsresource.org/studies/society/gender-society/women-gender-disparity-news-coverage/">"Are women underrepresented in news coverage?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journalist%27s_Resource" class="mw-redirect" title="Journalist's Resource">Journalist's Resource</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Shorenstein_Center_on_Media,_Politics_and_Public_Policy" title="Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy">Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journalist%27s+Resource&rft.atitle=Are+women+underrepresented+in+news+coverage%3F&rft.date=2016-01-04&rft.aulast=Ordway&rft.aufirst=Denise-Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournalistsresource.org%2Fstudies%2Fsociety%2Fgender-society%2Fwomen-gender-disparity-news-coverage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GMMP-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GMMP_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlobal_Media_Monitoring_Project" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Global_Media_Monitoring_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Media Monitoring Project">Global Media Monitoring Project</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whomakesthenews.org/gmmp/gmmp-reports/gmmp-2015-reports">"GMMP 2015 Reports"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Who_Makes_the_News%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Who Makes the News?">Who Makes the News?</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/World_Association_for_Christian_Communication" title="World Association for Christian Communication">World Association for Christian Communication</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Who+Makes+the+News%3F&rft.atitle=GMMP+2015+Reports&rft.au=Global+Media+Monitoring+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhomakesthenews.org%2Fgmmp%2Fgmmp-reports%2Fgmmp-2015-reports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wales_TED_Talk-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wales_TED_Talk_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWales2006" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Wales, Jimmy</a> (August 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ted.com/talks/jimmy_wales_on_the_birth_of_wikipedia/transcript"><i>The birth of Wikipedia</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/TED_(conference)" title="TED (conference)">TED Talks</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 5,</span> 2015</span>, <q>Wikipedia, on the other hand, begins with a very radical idea, and that's for all of us to imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+birth+of+Wikipedia&rft.pub=TED+Talks&rft.date=2006-08&rft.aulast=Wales&rft.aufirst=Jimmy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ted.com%2Ftalks%2Fjimmy_wales_on_the_birth_of_wikipedia%2Ftranscript&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ASystemic+bias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Systemic_bias&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wikipediocracy.com/2015/03/08/single-white-males-systemic-bias-in-wikipedias-obsessions/">Single white males: Systemic bias in Wikipedia’s obsessions</a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipediocracy" title="Wikipediocracy">Wikipediocracy</a> blog entry on systemic bias</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trust.org/under-reported-stories/">Under Reported Stories</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomson_Reuters_Foundation" title="Thomson Reuters Foundation">Thomson Reuters Foundation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.undertoldstories.org">Under-Told 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_essays" title="Template:Wikipedia essays"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_essays" title="Template talk:Wikipedia essays"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_essays" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia essays"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_essays_(?)465" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays" title="Wikipedia:Essays">Wikipedia essays</a> <abbr title="Essays contain the advice or opinions of one or more editors. They have no official status and may represent widespread norms or minority viewpoints.">(?)</abbr></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Essays_on_building,_editing,_and_deleting_content465" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory#Contributing_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays on building, editing, and deleting content</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_content" title="Wikipedia:Article content">Article content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_must_be_written" title="Wikipedia:Articles must be written">Articles must be written</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:All_five_pillars_are_equally_important" title="Wikipedia:All five pillars are equally important">All Five Pillars are equally important</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vague_introductions" title="Wikipedia:Vague introductions">Avoid vague introductions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_a_reliable_source" title="Wikipedia:Be a reliable source">Be a reliable source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civil_POV_pushing" title="Wikipedia:Civil POV pushing">Civil POV pushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Coherence_and_cohesion" title="Wikipedia:Coherence and cohesion">Cohesion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Competence_is_required" title="Wikipedia:Competence is required">Competence is required</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Concession" title="Wikipedia:Concession">Concede lost arguments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dissent_is_not_disloyalty" title="Wikipedia:Dissent is not disloyalty">Dissent is not disloyalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_lie" title="Wikipedia:Don't lie">Don't lie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_search_for_objections" title="Wikipedia:Don't search for objections">Don't search for objections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Duty_to_comply" title="Wikipedia:Duty to comply">Duty to comply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_Wikipedia_is_like_visiting_a_foreign_country" title="Wikipedia:Editing Wikipedia is like visiting a foreign country">Editing Wikipedia is like visiting a foreign country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editors_will_sometimes_be_wrong" title="Wikipedia:Editors will sometimes be wrong">Editors will sometimes be wrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Eight_simple_rules_for_editing_our_encyclopedia" title="Wikipedia:Eight simple rules for editing our encyclopedia">Eight simple rules for editing our encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Explanationism" title="Wikipedia:Explanationism">Explanationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_criticism_of_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:External criticism of Wikipedia">External criticism of Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Here_to_build_an_encyclopedia" title="Wikipedia:Here to build an encyclopedia">Here to build an encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Large_language_models" title="Wikipedia:Large language models">Large language models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Leave_it_to_the_experienced" title="Wikipedia:Leave it to the experienced">Leave it to the experienced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Levels_of_competence" title="Wikipedia:Levels of competence">Levels of competence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Levels_of_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Levels of consensus">Levels of consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Most_ideas_are_bad" title="Wikipedia:Most ideas are bad">Most ideas are bad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_does_or_does_not_need_that_article" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia does or does not need that article">Need</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutrality_of_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Neutrality of sources">Neutrality of sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_broken_is_ugly" title="Wikipedia:Not broken is ugly">Not broken is ugly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_editing_because_of_Wikipedia_restriction" title="Wikipedia:Not editing because of Wikipedia restriction">Not editing because of Wikipedia restriction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_one_question" title="Wikipedia:The one question">The one question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oversimplification" title="Wikipedia:Oversimplification">Oversimplification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Paradoxes" title="Wikipedia:Paradoxes">Paradoxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Close_paraphrasing" title="Wikipedia:Close paraphrasing">Paraphrasing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:POV_and_OR_from_editors,_sources,_and_fields" title="Wikipedia:POV and OR from editors, sources, and fields">POV and OR from editors, sources, and fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Process_is_important" title="Wikipedia:Process is important">Process is important</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Product,_process,_policy" title="Wikipedia:Product, process, policy">Product, process, policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Purpose" title="Wikipedia:Purpose">Purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reasonability_rule" title="Wikipedia:Reasonability rule">Reasonability rule</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Systemic bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:But_I%27m_an_Administrator!" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:But I'm an Administrator!">There is no seniority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ten_Simple_Rules_for_Editing_Wikipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Ten Simple Rules for Editing Wikipedia">Ten Simple Rules for Editing Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tendentious_editing" title="Wikipedia:Tendentious editing">Tendentious editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_role_of_policies_in_collaborative_anarchy" title="Wikipedia:The role of policies in collaborative anarchy">The role of policies in collaborative anarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_rules_are_principles" title="Wikipedia:The rules are principles">The rules are principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trifecta" title="Wikipedia:Trifecta">Trifecta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:We_are_absolutely_here_to_right_great_wrongs" title="Wikipedia:We are absolutely here to right great wrongs">We are absolutely here to right great wrongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_in_brief" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia in brief">Wikipedia in brief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_an_encyclopedia" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is an encyclopedia">Wikipedia is an encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_a_community" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is a community">Wikipedia is a community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_RationalWiki" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not RationalWiki">Wikipedia is not RationalWiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays_in_a_nutshell/Article_writing" title="Wikipedia:Essays in a nutshell/Article writing">Article construction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles" title="Wikipedia:100,000 feature-quality articles">100K featured articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Abandoned_stubs" title="Wikipedia:Abandoned stubs">Abandoned stubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Acronym_overkill" title="Wikipedia:Acronym overkill">Acronym overkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Adding_images_improves_the_encyclopedia" title="Wikipedia:Adding images improves the encyclopedia">Adding images improves the encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Advanced_text_formatting" title="Help:Advanced text formatting">Advanced text formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Akin%27s_Laws_of_Article_Writing" title="Wikipedia:Akin's Laws of Article Writing">Akin's Laws of Article Writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Alternatives_to_the_%22Expand%22_template" title="Wikipedia:Alternatives to the "Expand" template">Alternatives to the "Expand" template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Amnesia_test" title="Wikipedia:Amnesia test">Amnesia test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:A_navbox_on_every_page" title="Wikipedia:A navbox on every page">A navbox on every page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:An_unfinished_house_is_a_real_problem" title="Wikipedia:An unfinished house is a real problem">An unfinished house is a real problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_revisions" title="Wikipedia:Article revisions">Article revisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_half-life" title="Wikipedia:Article half-life">Articles have a half-life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autosizing_images" title="Wikipedia:Autosizing images">Autosizing images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_mission_statements" title="Wikipedia:Avoid mission statements">Avoid mission statements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_neutral_in_form" title="Wikipedia:Be neutral in form">Be neutral in form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Beef_up_that_first_revision" title="Wikipedia:Beef up that first revision">Beef up that first revision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blind_men_and_an_elephant" title="Wikipedia:Blind men and an elephant">Blind men and an elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BOLD,_revert,_discuss_cycle" title="Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle">BOLD, revert, discuss cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Build_content_to_endure" title="Wikipedia:Build content to endure">Build content to endure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cherrypicking" title="Wikipedia:Cherrypicking">Cherrypicking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Chesterton%27s_fence" title="Wikipedia:Chesterton's fence">Chesterton's fence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Children%27s,_adult_new_reader,_and_large-print_sources_questionable_on_reliability" title="Wikipedia:Children's, adult new reader, and large-print sources questionable on reliability">Children's lit, adult new readers, & large-print books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill" title="Wikipedia:Citation overkill">Citation overkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_underkill" title="Wikipedia:Citation underkill">Citation underkill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common-style_fallacy" title="Wikipedia:Common-style fallacy">Common-style fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Concept_cloud" title="Wikipedia:Concept cloud">Concept cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Creating_controversial_content" title="Wikipedia:Creating controversial content">Creating controversial content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Criticisms_of_society_may_be_consistent_with_NPOV_and_reliability" title="Wikipedia:Criticisms of society may be consistent with NPOV and reliability">Criticisms of society may be consistent with NPOV and reliability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dictionaries_as_sources" title="Wikipedia:Dictionaries as sources">Dictionaries as sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_demolish_the_house_while_it%27s_still_being_built" title="Wikipedia:Don't demolish the house while it's still being built">Don't demolish the house while it's still being built</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_Parkinson%27s_Bicycle_Shed_Effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid Parkinson's Bicycle Shed Effect">Don't get hung up on minor details</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_hope_the_house_will_build_itself" title="Wikipedia:Don't hope the house will build itself">Don't hope the house will build itself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_panic" title="Wikipedia:Don't panic">Don't panic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_%22teach_the_controversy%22" title="Wikipedia:Don't "teach the controversy"">Don't "teach the controversy"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_on_mobile_devices" title="Wikipedia:Editing on mobile devices">Editing on mobile devices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editors_are_not_mindreaders" title="Wikipedia:Editors are not mindreaders">Editors are not mindreaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Encourage_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Encourage the newcomers">Encourage the newcomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Endorsements" title="Wikipedia:Endorsements">Endorsements (commercial)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles_may_have_problems" title="Wikipedia:Featured articles may have problems">Featured articles may have problems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Formatting_bilateral_relations_articles" title="Wikipedia:Formatting bilateral relations articles">Formatting bilateral relations articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Formatting_bilateral_relations_templates" title="Wikipedia:Formatting bilateral relations templates">Formatting bilateral relations templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fruit_of_the_poisonous_tree" title="Wikipedia:Fruit of the poisonous tree">Fruit of the poisonous tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Give_an_article_a_chance" title="Wikipedia:Give an article a chance">Give an article a chance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_write_a_featured_article" title="Wikipedia:How to write a featured article">How to write a featured article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_independent_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources">Identifying and using independent sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(history)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (history)">History sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(law)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (law)">Law sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_independent_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources">Primary sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(natural_sciences)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (natural sciences)">Science sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_style_guides" title="Wikipedia:Identifying and using style guides">Style guides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:Identifying and using tertiary sources">Tertiary sources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_STRONGNAT_for_date_formats" title="Wikipedia:Ignore STRONGNAT for date formats">Ignore STRONGNAT for date formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inaccuracy" title="Wikipedia:Inaccuracy">Inaccuracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduction_to_structurism" title="Wikipedia:Introduction to structurism">Introduction to structurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_mine_a_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:How to mine a source">Mine a source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merge_Test" title="Wikipedia:Merge Test">Merge Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Minors_and_persons_judged_incompetent" title="Wikipedia:Minors and persons judged incompetent">Minors and persons judged incompetent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%22Murder_of%22_articles" title="Wikipedia:"Murder of" articles">"Murder of" articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_every_story/event/disaster_needs_a_biography" title="Wikipedia:Not every story/event/disaster needs a biography">Not every story/event/disaster needs a biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_everything_needs_a_navbox" title="Wikipedia:Not everything needs a navbox">Not everything needs a navbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_everything_needs_a_template" title="Wikipedia:Not everything needs a template">Not everything needs a template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nothing_is_in_stone" title="Wikipedia:Nothing is in stone">Nothing is in stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Obtain_peer_review_comments" title="Wikipedia:Obtain peer review comments">Obtain peer review comments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Organizing_disambiguation_pages_by_subject_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Organizing disambiguation pages by subject area">Organizing disambiguation pages by subject area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Permastub" title="Wikipedia:Permastub">Permastub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Potential,_not_just_current_state" title="Wikipedia:Potential, not just current state">Potential, not just current state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Presentism" title="Wikipedia:Presentism">Presentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Principle_of_Some_Astonishment" title="Wikipedia:Principle of Some Astonishment">Principle of Some Astonishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_problem_with_elegant_variation" title="Wikipedia:The problem with elegant variation">The problem with elegant variation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pro_and_con_lists" title="Wikipedia:Pro and con lists">Pro and con lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Printability" title="Wikipedia:Printability">Printability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:For_publicists_publicizing_a_client%27s_work" title="Wikipedia:For publicists publicizing a client's work">Publicists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Put_a_little_effort_into_it" title="Wikipedia:Put a little effort into it">Put a little effort into it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Restoring_part_of_a_reverted_edit" title="Wikipedia:Restoring part of a reverted edit">Restoring part of a reverted edit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Robotic_editing" title="Wikipedia:Robotic editing">Robotic editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sham_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Sham consensus">Sham consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Source_your_plot_summaries" title="Wikipedia:Source your plot summaries">Source your plot summaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Specialized-style_fallacy" title="Wikipedia:Specialized-style fallacy">Specialized-style fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub_Makers" title="Wikipedia:Stub Makers">Stub Makers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_run_an_edit-a-thon" title="Wikipedia:How to run an edit-a-thon">Run an edit-a-thon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Temporary_versions_of_articles" title="Wikipedia:Temporary versions of articles">Temporary versions of articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tertiary-source_fallacy" title="Wikipedia:Tertiary-source fallacy">Tertiary-source fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:There_are_no_shortcuts_to_neutrality" title="Wikipedia:There are no shortcuts to neutrality">There are no shortcuts to neutrality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:There_is_no_deadline" title="Wikipedia:There is no deadline">There is no deadline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:There_is_a_deadline" title="Wikipedia:There is a deadline">There is a deadline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_deadline_is_now" title="Wikipedia:The deadline is now">The deadline is now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Try_not_to_leave_it_a_stub" title="Wikipedia:Try not to leave it a stub">Try not to leave it a stub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_a_reliable_source%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is a reliable source?">What is a reliable source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Understanding_Wikipedia%27s_content_standards" title="Wikipedia:Understanding Wikipedia's content standards">Understanding Wikipedia's content standards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Walled_garden" title="Wikipedia:Walled garden">Walled garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_an_article_should_not_include" title="Wikipedia:What an article should not include">What an article should not include</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_a_work_in_progress" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is a work in progress">Wikipedia is a work in progress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_a_reliable_source" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a reliable source">Wikipedia is not a reliable source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_being_written_in_an_organized_fashion" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not being written in an organized fashion">Wikipedia is not being written in an organized fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_world_will_not_end_tomorrow" title="Wikipedia:The world will not end tomorrow">The world will not end tomorrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Write_the_article_first" title="Wikipedia:Write the article first">Write the article first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">Writing better articles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays_in_a_nutshell/Article_writing" title="Wikipedia:Essays in a nutshell/Article writing">Writing article content</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_thread_mode" title="Wikipedia:Avoid thread mode">Avoid thread mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyediting_reception_sections" title="Wikipedia:Copyediting reception sections">Copyediting reception sections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Coup" title="Wikipedia:Coup">Coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_throw_more_litter_onto_the_pile" title="Wikipedia:Don't throw more litter onto the pile">Don't throw more litter onto the pile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gender-neutral_language" title="Wikipedia:Gender-neutral language">Gender-neutral language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Myth_versus_fiction" title="Wikipedia:Myth versus fiction">Myth vs fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proseline" title="Wikipedia:Proseline">Proseline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Use_our_own_words" title="Wikipedia:Use our own words">Use our own words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:We_shouldn%27t_be_able_to_figure_out_your_opinions" title="Wikipedia:We shouldn't be able to figure out your opinions">We shouldn't be able to figure out your opinions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Write_the_article_first" title="Wikipedia:Write the article first">Write the article first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_about_women" title="Wikipedia:Writing about women">Writing about women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">Writing better articles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays_in_a_nutshell/Removal_or_deletion_of_content" title="Wikipedia:Essays in a nutshell/Removal or deletion of content">Removing or<br/> deleting content</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Adjectives_in_your_recommendations" title="Wikipedia:Adjectives in your recommendations">Adjectives in your recommendations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion_is_not_a_war_zone" title="Wikipedia:Articles for deletion is not a war zone">AfD is not a war zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arguments_to_avoid_in_deletion_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in deletion discussions">Arguments to avoid in deletion discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arguments_to_avoid_in_deletion_reviews" title="Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in deletion reviews">Arguments to avoid in deletion reviews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arguments_to_avoid_in_image_deletion_discussions" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in image deletion discussions">Arguments to avoid in image deletion discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arguments_to_make_in_deletion_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Arguments to make in deletion discussions">Arguments to make in deletion discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_repeated_arguments" title="Wikipedia:Avoid repeated arguments">Avoid repeated arguments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Before_commenting_in_a_deletion_discussion" title="Wikipedia:Before commenting in a deletion discussion">Before commenting in a deletion discussion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:But_there_must_be_sources!" title="Wikipedia:But there must be sources!">But there must be sources!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Confusing_arguments_mean_nothing" title="Wikipedia:Confusing arguments mean nothing">Confusing arguments mean nothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_removal" title="Wikipedia:Content removal">Content removal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Counting_and_sorting_are_not_original_research" title="Wikipedia:Counting and sorting are not original research">Counting and sorting are not original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Delete_or_merge" title="Wikipedia:Delete or merge">Delete or merge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Delete_the_junk" title="Wikipedia:Delete the junk">Delete the junk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_is_not_cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Deletion is not cleanup">Deletion is not cleanup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Does_deletion_help%3F" title="Wikipedia:Does deletion help?">Does deletion help?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_attack_the_nominator" title="Wikipedia:Don't attack the nominator">Don't attack the nominator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_confuse_stub_status_with_non-notability" title="Wikipedia:Do not confuse stub status with non-notability">Don't confuse stub status with non-notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_overuse_shortcuts_to_policy_and_guidelines_to_win_your_argument" title="Wikipedia:Don't overuse shortcuts to policy and guidelines to win your argument">Don't overuse shortcuts to policy and guidelines to win your argument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emptying_categories_out_of_process" title="Wikipedia:Emptying categories out of process">Emptying categories out of proccess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Follow_the_leader" title="Wikipedia:Follow the leader">Follow the leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_the_presumption_of_notability_works" title="Wikipedia:How the presumption of notability works">How the presumption of notability works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_save_an_article_proposed_for_deletion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:How to save an article proposed for deletion">How to save an article proposed for deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:I_just_don%27t_like_it" title="Wikipedia:I just don't like it">I just don't like it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_blatant_advertising" title="Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising">Identifying blatant advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_test_edits" title="Wikipedia:Identifying test edits">Identifying test edits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Immunity" title="Wikipedia:Immunity">Immunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keep_it_concise" title="Wikipedia:Keep it concise">Keep it concise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Liar_liar_pants_on_fire" title="Wikipedia:Liar liar pants on fire">Liar liar pants on fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nothing" title="Wikipedia:Nothing">Nothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nothing_is_clear" title="Wikipedia:Nothing is clear">Nothing is clear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Overzealous_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Overzealous deletion">Overzealous deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Relisting_can_be_abusive" title="Wikipedia:Relisting can be abusive">Relisting can be abusive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Relist_bias" title="Wikipedia:Relist bias">Relist bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Heymann_Standard" title="Wikipedia:The Heymann Standard">The Heymann Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unopposed_AFD_discussion" title="Wikipedia:Unopposed AFD discussion">Unopposed AFD discussion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_Whac-A-Mole" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not Whac-A-Mole">Wikipedia is not Whack-A-Mole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_was_the_page_I_created_deleted%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why was the page I created deleted?">Why was the page I created deleted?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_to_do_if_your_article_gets_tagged_for_speedy_deletion" title="Wikipedia:What to do if your article gets tagged for speedy deletion">What to do if your article gets tagged for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_in_doubt,_hide_it_in_the_woodwork" title="Wikipedia:When in doubt, hide it in the woodwork">When in doubt, hide it in the woodwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_Encyclopedic_Use" title="Wikipedia:No Encyclopedic Use">No Encyclopedic Use</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Essays_on_civility465" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory#Wikipedia's_code_of_conduct" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays on civility</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays_in_a_nutshell/Civility" title="Wikipedia:Essays in a nutshell/Civility">The basics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accepting_other_users" title="Wikipedia:Accepting other users">Accepting other users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Apology" title="Wikipedia:Apology">Apology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Being_right_isn%27t_enough" title="Wikipedia:Being right isn't enough">Being right isn't enough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_complicated_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Contributing to complicated discussions">Contributing to complicated discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Divisiveness" title="Wikipedia:Divisiveness">Divisiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_retaliate" title="Wikipedia:Don't retaliate">Don't retaliate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editors%27_pronouns" title="Wikipedia:Editors' pronouns">Editors' pronouns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_at_your_own_pace" title="Wikipedia:Edit at your own pace">Edit at your own pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Encourage_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Encourage the newcomers">Encouraging the newcomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Enjoy_yourself" title="Wikipedia:Enjoy yourself">Enjoy yourself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Expect_no_thanks" title="Wikipedia:Expect no thanks">Expect no thanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:High-functioning_autism_and_Asperger%27s_editors" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:High-functioning autism and Asperger's editors">High-functioning autism and Asperger's editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_be_civil" title="Wikipedia:How to be civil">How to be civil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintaining_a_friendly_space" title="Wikipedia:Maintaining a friendly space">Maintaining a friendly space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Negotiation" title="Wikipedia:Negotiation">Negotiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editors_with_obsessive-compulsive_disorder" title="Wikipedia:Editors with obsessive-compulsive disorder">Obsessive–compulsive disorder editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_say_please" title="Wikipedia:Please say please">Please say please</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Relationships_with_academic_editors" title="Wikipedia:Relationships with academic editors">Relationships with academic editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Thank_you" title="Wikipedia:Thank you">Thank you</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Too_long;_didn%27t_read" title="Wikipedia:Too long; didn't read">Too long; didn't read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Truce" title="Wikipedia:Truce">Truce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock_perspectives" title="Wikipedia:Unblock perspectives">Unblock perspectives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:We_are_all_Wikipedians_here" title="Wikipedia:We are all Wikipedians here">We are all Wikipedians here</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:You_have_a_right_to_remain_silent" title="Wikipedia:You have a right to remain silent">You have a right to remain silent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:A_thank_you_never_hurts" title="Wikipedia:A thank you never hurts">A thank you never hurts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:A_weak_personal_attack_is_still_wrong" title="Wikipedia:A weak personal attack is still wrong">A weak personal attack is still wrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advice_for_hotheads" title="Wikipedia:Advice for hotheads">Advice for hotheads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:An_uncivil_environment_is_a_poor_environment" title="Wikipedia:An uncivil environment is a poor environment">An uncivil environment is a poor environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_the_glue" title="Wikipedia:Be the glue">Be the glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Beware_of_the_tigers" title="Wikipedia:Beware of the tigers">Beware of the tigers!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility_warnings" title="Wikipedia:Civility warnings">Civility warnings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Overzealous_deletion#Dislike_of_the_creator" title="Wikipedia:Overzealous deletion">Deletion as revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Duty_to_comply" title="Wikipedia:Duty to comply">Duty to comply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Failure" title="Wikipedia:Failure">Failure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Forgive_and_forget" title="Wikipedia:Forgive and forget">Forgive and forget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:It%27s_not_the_end_of_the_world" title="Wikipedia:It's not the end of the world">It's not the end of the world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nobody_cares" title="Wikipedia:Nobody cares">Nobody cares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Most_people_who_disagree_with_you_on_content_are_not_vandals" title="Wikipedia:Most people who disagree with you on content are not vandals">Most people who disagree with you on content are not vandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Old-fashioned_Wikipedian_values" title="Wikipedia:Old-fashioned Wikipedian values">Old-fashioned Wikipedian values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Profanity,_civility,_and_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Profanity, civility, and discussions">Profanity, civility, and discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Revert_notification_opt-out" title="Wikipedia:Revert notification opt-out">Revert notification opt-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shadowless_Fists_of_Death!" title="Wikipedia:Shadowless Fists of Death!">Shadowless Fists of Death!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Staying_cool_when_the_editing_gets_hot" title="Wikipedia:Staying cool when the editing gets hot">Staying cool when the editing gets hot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_grey_zone" title="Wikipedia:The grey zone">The grey zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Last_Word" title="Wikipedia:The Last Word">The last word</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:There_is_no_Divine_Right_of_Editors" title="Wikipedia:There is no Divine Right of Editors">There is no Divine Right of Editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Most_ideas_are_bad" title="Wikipedia:Most ideas are bad">Most ideas are bad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nothing_is_clear" title="Wikipedia:Nothing is clear">Nothing is clear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reader" title="Wikipedia:Reader">Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Rules_of_Polite_Discourse" title="Wikipedia:The Rules of Polite Discourse">The rules of polite discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_%22Ignore_all_rules%22_means#There_is_no_common_sense" title="Wikipedia:What "Ignore all rules" means">There is no common sense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Two_wrongs_don%27t_make_a_right" title="Wikipedia:Two wrongs don't make a right">Two wrongs don't make a right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_clich%C3%A9s" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia clichés">Wikipedia clichés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_about_winning" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not about winning">Wikipedia is not about winning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_should_not_be_a_monopoly" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia should not be a monopoly">Wikipedia should not be a monopoly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_for_the_opponent" title="Wikipedia:Writing for the opponent">Writing for the opponent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dos</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_the_assumption_of_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume the assumption of good faith">Assume the assumption of good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_no_clue" title="Wikipedia:Assume no clue">Assume no clue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_personal_remarks" title="Wikipedia:Avoid personal remarks">Avoid personal remarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_the_word_%22vandal%22" title="Wikipedia:Avoid the word "vandal"">Avoid the word "vandal"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_excellent_to_one_another" title="Wikipedia:Be excellent to one another">Be excellent to one another</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_pragmatic" title="Wikipedia:Be pragmatic">Be pragmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Beyond_civility" title="Wikipedia:Beyond civility">Beyond civility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Call_a_spade_a_spade" title="Wikipedia:Call a spade a spade">Call a spade a spade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Candor" title="Wikipedia:Candor">Candor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deny_recognition" title="Wikipedia:Deny recognition">Deny recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Desist" title="Wikipedia:Desist">Desist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Discussing_cruft" title="Wikipedia:Discussing cruft">Discussing cruft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drop_the_stick_and_back_slowly_away_from_the_horse_carcass" title="Wikipedia:Drop the stick and back slowly away from the horse carcass">Drop the stick and back slowly away from the horse carcass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Encourage_full_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Encourage full discussions">Encourage full discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Get_over_it" title="Wikipedia:Get over it">Get over it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_lose" title="Wikipedia:How to lose">How to lose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Imagine_others_complexly" title="Wikipedia:Imagine others complexly">Imagine others complexly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Just_drop_it" title="Wikipedia:Just drop it">Just drop it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keep_it_concise" title="Wikipedia:Keep it concise">Keep it concise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keep_it_down_to_earth" title="Wikipedia:Keep it down to earth">Keep it down to earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mind_your_own_business" title="Wikipedia:Mind your own business">Mind your own business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:MOBY" title="Wikipedia:MOBY">Say "MOBY"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mutual_withdrawal" title="Wikipedia:Mutual withdrawal">Mutual withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Read_before_commenting" title="Wikipedia:Read before commenting">Read before commenting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Settle_the_process_first" title="Wikipedia:Settle the process first">Settle the process first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:You_can_search,_too" title="Wikipedia:You can search, too">You can search, too</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Don'ts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ALPHABETTISPAGHETTI" title="Wikipedia:ALPHABETTISPAGHETTI">ALPHABETTISPAGHETTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Because_I_can" title="Wikipedia:Because I can">Wikipedia:Because I can</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civil_POV_pushing" title="Wikipedia:Civil POV pushing">Civil POV pushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cyberbullying" title="Wikipedia:Cyberbullying">Cyberbullying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_accuse_someone_of_a_personal_attack_for_accusing_of_a_personal_attack" title="Wikipedia:Don't accuse someone of a personal attack for accusing of a personal attack">Don't accuse someone of a personal attack for accusing of a personal attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_a_fanatic" title="Wikipedia:Don't be a fanatic">Don't be a fanatic</a></li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_be_a_jerk" class="extiw" title="meta:Don't be a jerk">Don't be a jerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_an_ostrich" title="Wikipedia:Don't be an ostrich">Don't be an ostrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_ashamed" title="Wikipedia:Don't be ashamed">Don't be ashamed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_a_WikiBigot" title="Wikipedia:Don't be a WikiBigot">Don't be a WikiBigot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_high-maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Don't be high-maintenance">Don't be high-maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_inconsiderate" title="Wikipedia:Don't be inconsiderate">Don't be inconsiderate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_obnoxious" title="Wikipedia:Don't be obnoxious">Don't be obnoxious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_prejudiced" title="Wikipedia:Don't be prejudiced">Don't be prejudiced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_rude" title="Wikipedia:Don't be rude">Don't be rude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_be_the_Fun_Police" title="Wikipedia:Don't be the Fun Police">Don't be the Fun Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_bludgeon_the_process" title="Wikipedia:Don't bludgeon the process">Don't bludgeon the process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_call_a_spade_a_spade" title="Wikipedia:Don't call a spade a spade">Don't call a spade a spade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_call_people_by_their_real_name" title="Wikipedia:Don't call people by their real name">Don't call people by their real name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_call_the_kettle_black" title="Wikipedia:Don't call the kettle black">Don't call the kettle black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cruftcruft#Don't_call_things_cruft" title="Wikipedia:Cruftcruft">Don't call things cruft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_come_down_like_a_ton_of_bricks" title="Wikipedia:Don't come down like a ton of bricks">Don't come down like a ton of bricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_cry_COI" title="Wikipedia:Don't cry COI">Don't cry COI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_demand_that_editors_solve_the_problems_they_identify" title="Wikipedia:Don't demand that editors solve the problems they identify">Don't demand that editors solve the problems they identify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_eat_the_troll%27s_food" title="Wikipedia:Don't eat the troll's food">Don't eat the troll's food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_fight_fire_with_fire" title="Wikipedia:Don't fight fire with fire">Don't fight fire with fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t-give-a-fuckism" title="Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism">Don't give a fuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_help_too_much" title="Wikipedia:Don't help too much">Don't help too much</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_ignore_community_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Don't ignore community consensus">Don't ignore community consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_knit_beside_the_guillotine" title="Wikipedia:Don't knit beside the guillotine">Don't knit beside the guillotine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_make_a_smarmy_valediction_part_of_your_default_signature" title="Wikipedia:Don't make a smarmy valediction part of your default signature">Don't make a smarmy valediction part of your signature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_remind_others_of_past_misdeeds" title="Wikipedia:Don't remind others of past misdeeds">Don't remind others of past misdeeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_don%27t_shout" title="Wikipedia:Please don't shout">Don't shout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_spite_your_face" title="Wikipedia:Don't spite your face">Don't spite your face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_take_the_bait" title="Wikipedia:Don't take the bait">Don't take the bait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_template_the_regulars" title="Wikipedia:Don't template the regulars">Don't template the regulars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_throw_your_toys_out_of_the_pram" title="Wikipedia:Don't throw your toys out of the pram">Don't throw your toys out of the pram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_insult_the_vandals" title="Wikipedia:Do not insult the vandals">Do not insult the vandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Griefing" title="Wikipedia:Griefing">Griefing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hate_is_disruptive" title="Wikipedia:Hate is disruptive">Hate is disruptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nationalist_editing" title="Wikipedia:Nationalist editing">Nationalist editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_angry_mastodons" title="Wikipedia:No angry mastodons">No angry mastodons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_angry_mastodons_just_madmen" title="Wikipedia:No angry mastodons just madmen">just madmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_Nazis" title="Wikipedia:No Nazis">No Nazis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_racists" title="Wikipedia:No racists">No racists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_Confederates" title="Wikipedia:No Confederates">No Confederates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_queerphobia" title="Wikipedia:No queerphobia">No queerphobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No,_you_can%27t_have_a_pony" title="Wikipedia:No, you can't have a pony">No, you can't have a pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Passive_aggression" title="Wikipedia:Passive aggression">Passive aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:POV_railroad" title="Wikipedia:POV railroad">POV railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Superhatting" title="Wikipedia:Superhatting">Superhatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:There_are_no_oracles" title="Wikipedia:There are no oracles">There are no oracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:There%27s_no_need_to_guess_someone%27s_preferred_pronouns" title="Wikipedia:There's no need to guess someone's preferred pronouns">There's no need to guess someone's preferred pronouns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:You_can%27t_squeeze_blood_from_a_turnip" title="Wikipedia:You can't squeeze blood from a turnip">You can't squeeze blood from a turnip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:UPPERCASE" title="Wikipedia:UPPERCASE">UPPERCASE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">WikiRelations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiBullying" title="Wikipedia:WikiBullying">WikiBullying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiCrime" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiCrime">WikiCrime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Harassment" title="Wikipedia:Harassment">WikiHarassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiHate" title="Wikipedia:WikiHate">WikiHate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikilawyering" title="Wikipedia:Wikilawyering">WikiLawyering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiLove" title="Wikipedia:WikiLove">WikiLove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiPeace" title="Wikipedia:WikiPeace">WikiPeace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Essays_on_notability465" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory#Notability" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays on notability</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_source_searching" title="Wikipedia:Advanced source searching">Advanced source searching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:All_high_schools_can_be_notable" title="Wikipedia:All high schools can be notable">All high schools can be notable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Alternative_outlets" title="Wikipedia:Alternative outlets">Alternative outlets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arguments_to_avoid_in_deletion_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in deletion discussions">Arguments to avoid in deletion discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source" title="Wikipedia:Articles with a single source">Articles with a single source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_template_creep" title="Wikipedia:Avoid template creep">Avoid template creep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_notability" title="Wikipedia:Bare notability">Bare notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Big_events_make_key_participants_notable" title="Wikipedia:Big events make key participants notable">Big events make key participants notable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Businesses_with_a_single_location" title="Wikipedia:Businesses with a single location">Businesses with a single location</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:But_it%27s_true!" title="Wikipedia:But it's true!">But it's true!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common_sourcing_mistakes_(notability)" title="Wikipedia:Common sourcing mistakes (notability)">Common sourcing mistakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_clones" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia clones">Clones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Coatrack_articles" title="Wikipedia:Coatrack articles">Coatrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Discriminate_vs_indiscriminate_information" title="Wikipedia:Discriminate vs indiscriminate information">Discriminate vs indiscriminate information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_cite_GNG" title="Wikipedia:Don't cite GNG">Don't cite GNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts_are_not_checked_for_notability_or_sanity" title="Wikipedia:Drafts are not checked for notability or sanity">Drafts are not checked for notability or sanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Every_snowflake_is_unique" title="Wikipedia:Every snowflake is unique">Every snowflake is unique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Existence_%E2%89%A0_Notability" title="Wikipedia:Existence ≠ Notability">Existence ≠ Notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Existence_does_not_prove_notability" title="Wikipedia:Existence does not prove notability">Existence does not prove notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extracting_the_meaning_of_significant_coverage" title="Wikipedia:Extracting the meaning of significant coverage">Extracting the meaning of significant coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Google_searches_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Google searches and numbers">Google searches and numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_the_presumption_of_notability_works" title="Wikipedia:How the presumption of notability works">How the presumption of notability works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(high_schools)" title="Wikipedia:Notability (high schools)">High Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Historical_archive/Policy/Notability/Arguments" title="Wikipedia:Historical archive/Policy/Notability/Arguments">Historical/Policy/Notability/Arguments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inclusion_is_not_an_indicator_of_notability" title="Wikipedia:Inclusion is not an indicator of notability">Inclusion is not an indicator of notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">Independent sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inherent_notability" title="Wikipedia:Inherent notability">Inherent notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Insignificant" title="Wikipedia:Insignificant">Insignificant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Masking_the_lack_of_notability" title="Wikipedia:Masking the lack of notability">Masking the lack of notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_stubs" title="Wikipedia:Make stubs">Make stubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Minimum_coverage" title="Wikipedia:Minimum coverage">Minimum coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:News_coverage_does_not_decrease_notability" title="Wikipedia:News coverage does not decrease notability">News coverage does not decrease notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_amount_of_editing_can_overcome_a_lack_of_notability" title="Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability">No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_big_loss" title="Wikipedia:No big loss">No big loss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_one_cares_about_your_garage_band" title="Wikipedia:No one cares about your garage band">No one cares about your garage band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_one_really_cares" title="Wikipedia:No one really cares">No one really cares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_and_tornadoes" title="Wikipedia:Notability and tornadoes">Notability and tornadoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_cannot_be_purchased" title="Wikipedia:Notability cannot be purchased">Notability cannot be purchased</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_comparison_test" title="Wikipedia:Notability comparison test">Notability comparison test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_is_not_a_level_playing_field" title="Wikipedia:Notability is not a level playing field">Notability is not a level playing field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_is_not_a_matter_of_opinion" title="Wikipedia:Notability is not a matter of opinion">Notability is not a matter of opinion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_is_not_relevance_or_reliability" title="Wikipedia:Notability is not relevance or reliability">Notability is not relevance or reliability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_means_impact" title="Wikipedia:Notability means impact">Notability means impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_points" title="Wikipedia:Notability points">Notability points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_sub-pages" title="Wikipedia:Notability sub-pages">Notability sub-pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notabilitymandering" title="Wikipedia:Notabilitymandering">Notabilitymandering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_every_single_thing_Donald_Trump_does_deserves_an_article" title="Wikipedia:Not every single thing Donald Trump does deserves an article">Not every single thing Donald Trump does deserves an article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Obscure_does_not_mean_not_notable" title="Wikipedia:Obscure does not mean not notable">Obscurity ≠ Lack of notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Offline_sources" title="Wikipedia:Offline sources">Offline sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:One_hundred_words" title="Wikipedia:One hundred words">One hundred words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:One_sentence_does_not_an_article_make" title="Wikipedia:One sentence does not an article make">One sentence does not an article make</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Other_stuff_exists" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Other stuff exists">Other stuff exists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Overreliance_upon_Google" title="Wikipedia:Overreliance upon Google">Overreliance upon Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links/Perennial_websites" title="Wikipedia:External links/Perennial websites">Perennial websites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Read_the_source" title="Wikipedia:Read the source">Read the source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reducing_consensus_to_an_algorithm" title="Wikipedia:Reducing consensus to an algorithm">Reducing consensus to an algorithm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Run-of-the-mill" title="Wikipedia:Run-of-the-mill">Run-of-the-mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:On_Wikipedia,_solutions_are_mixtures_and_nothing_else" title="Wikipedia:On Wikipedia, solutions are mixtures and nothing else">Solutions are mixtures and nothing else</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sources_must_be_out-of-universe" title="Wikipedia:Sources must be out-of-universe">Sources must be out-of-universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subjective_importance" title="Wikipedia:Subjective importance">Subjective importance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">Third-party sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Trivial_mentions" title="Wikipedia:Trivial mentions">Trivial mentions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Video_links" title="Wikipedia:Video links">Video links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vanispamcruftisement" title="Wikipedia:Vanispamcruftisement">Vanispamcruftisement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_BLP1E_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What BLP1E is not">What BLP1E is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_and_is_not_routine_coverage" title="Wikipedia:What is and is not routine coverage">What is and is not routine coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_notability_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What notability is not">What notability is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_to_include" title="Wikipedia:What to include">What to include</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_is_BFDI_not_on_Wikipedia%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why is BFDI not on Wikipedia?">Why is <i>BFDI</i> not on Wikipedia?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_Crunchbase" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not Crunchbase">Wikipedia is not Crunchbase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_here_to_tell_the_world_about_your_noble_cause" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause">Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_not_the_place_to_post_your_r%C3%A9sum%C3%A9" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not the place to post your résumé">Wikipedia is not the place to post your résumé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Two_prongs_of_merit" title="Wikipedia:Two prongs of merit">Two prongs of merit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Humorous_essays465" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory#Humorous_material" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Humorous essays</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Adminitis" title="Wikipedia:Adminitis">Adminitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ain%27t_no_rules_says_a_dog_can%27t_play_basketball" title="Wikipedia:Ain't no rules says a dog can't play basketball">Ain't no rules says a dog can't play basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Akin%27s_Laws_of_Article_Writing" title="Wikipedia:Akin's Laws of Article Writing">Akin's Laws of Article Writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Alternatives_to_edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Alternatives to edit warring">Alternatives to edit warring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ANI_flu" title="Wikipedia:ANI flu">ANI flu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Anti-Wikipedian" title="Wikipedia:Anti-Wikipedian">Anti-Wikipedian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Anti-Wikipedianism" title="Wikipedia:Anti-Wikipedianism">Anti-Wikipedianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articlecountitis" title="Wikipedia:Articlecountitis">Articlecountitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Asshole_John_rule" title="Wikipedia:Asshole John rule">Asshole John rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_bad_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume bad faith">Assume bad faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume faith">Assume faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_wraith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good wraith">Assume good wraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_stupidity" title="Wikipedia:Assume stupidity">Assume stupidity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_that_everyone%27s_assuming_good_faith,_assuming_that_you_are_assuming_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume that everyone's assuming good faith, assuming that you are assuming good faith">Assume that everyone's assuming good faith, assuming that you are assuming good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_using_preview_button" title="Wikipedia:Avoid using preview button">Avoid using preview button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_using_wikilinks" title="Wikipedia:Avoid using wikilinks">Avoid using wikilinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Silly_Things" title="Wikipedia:Silly Things">Bad Jokes and Other Deleted Nonsense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Barnstaritis" title="Wikipedia:Barnstaritis">Barnstaritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Before_they_were_notable" title="Wikipedia:Before they were notable">Before they were notable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BOLD,_revert,_revert,_revert" title="Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, revert, revert">BOLD, revert, revert, revert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Boston_Tea_Party" title="Wikipedia:Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Butterfly_effect" title="Wikipedia:Butterfly effect">Butterfly effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CaPiTaLiZaTiOn_MuCh%3F" title="Wikipedia:CaPiTaLiZaTiOn MuCh?">CaPiTaLiZaTiOn MuCh?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_bollocks" title="Wikipedia:Complete bollocks">Complete bollocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Counting_forks" title="Wikipedia:Counting forks">Counting forks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Counting_juntas" title="Wikipedia:Counting juntas">Counting juntas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Crap" title="Wikipedia:Crap">Crap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_stuff_beans_up_your_nose" title="Wikipedia:Don't stuff beans up your nose">Don't stuff beans up your nose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t-give-a-fuckism" title="Wikipedia:Don't-give-a-fuckism">Don't-give-a-fuckism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_abbreviate_%22Wikipedia%22_as_%22Wiki%22!" title="Wikipedia:Don't abbreviate "Wikipedia" as "Wiki"!">Don't abbreviate "Wikipedia" as "Wiki"!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_delete_the_main_page" title="Wikipedia:Don't delete the main page">Don't delete the main page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editcountitis" title="Wikipedia:Editcountitis">Editcountitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edits_Per_Day" title="Wikipedia:Edits Per Day">Edits Per Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editsummarisis" title="Wikipedia:Editsummarisis">Editsummarisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_under_the_influence" title="Wikipedia:Editing under the influence">Editing under the influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Embrace_Stop_Signs" title="Wikipedia:Embrace Stop Signs">Embrace Stop Signs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emerson_and_Wilde_on_consistency" title="Wikipedia:Emerson and Wilde on consistency">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fart" title="Wikipedia:Fart">Fart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_five_Fs_of_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:The five Fs of Wikipedia">Five Fs of Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Funny_biographical_images" title="Wikipedia:Funny biographical images">Funny biographical images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Seven_ages_of_editor" title="Wikipedia:Seven ages of editor">Seven Ages of Editor, by Will E. Spear-Shake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Go_ahead,_vandalize" title="Wikipedia:Go ahead, vandalize">Go ahead, vandalize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_many_Wikipedians_does_it_take_to_change_a_lightbulb%3F" title="Wikipedia:How many Wikipedians does it take to change a lightbulb?">How many Wikipedians does it take to change a lightbulb?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_get_away_with_UPE" title="Wikipedia:How to get away with UPE">How to get away with UPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_put_up_a_straight_pole_by_pushing_it_at_an_angle" title="Wikipedia:How to put up a straight pole by pushing it at an angle">How to put up a straight pole by pushing it at an angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_vandalize_correctly" title="Wikipedia:How to vandalize correctly">How to vandalize correctly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_win_a_citation_war" title="Wikipedia:How to win a citation war">How to win a citation war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_essays" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all essays">Ignore all essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_every_single_rule" title="Wikipedia:Ignore every single rule">Ignore every single rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Is_that_even_an_essay%3F" title="Wikipedia:Is that even an essay?">Is that even an essay?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mess_with_the_templates" title="Wikipedia:Mess with the templates">Mess with the templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:My_local_pond" title="Wikipedia:My local pond">My local pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Newcomers_are_delicious,_so_go_ahead_and_bite_them" title="Wikipedia:Newcomers are delicious, so go ahead and bite them">Newcomers are delicious, so go ahead and bite them</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Legal_vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Legal vandalism">Legal vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_jokes_about_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:List of jokes about Wikipedia">List of jokes about Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Let%27s_try_to_avoid_using_too_many_acronyms,_okay%3F" title="Wikipedia:Let's try to avoid using too many acronyms, okay?">LTTAUTMAOK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_climbing_the_Reichstag_dressed_as_Spider-Man" title="Wikipedia:No climbing the Reichstag dressed as Spider-Man">No climbing the Reichstag dressed as Spider-Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_episcopal_threats" title="Wikipedia:No episcopal threats">No episcopal threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_one_cares_about_your_garage_band" title="Wikipedia:No one cares about your garage band">No one cares about your garage band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_one_really_cares" title="Wikipedia:No one really cares">No one really cares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No,_really" title="Wikipedia:No, really">No, really</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_sorcery_threats" title="Wikipedia:No sorcery threats">No sorcery threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_is_not_eternal" title="Wikipedia:Notability is not eternal">Notability is not eternal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oops_Defense" title="Wikipedia:Oops Defense">Oops Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Play_the_game" title="Wikipedia:Play the game">Play the game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_be_a_giant_dick,_so_we_can_ban_you" title="Wikipedia:Please be a giant dick, so we can ban you">Please be a giant dick, so we can ban you</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_bite_the_newbies" title="Wikipedia:Please bite the newbies">Please bite the newbies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_murder_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Please do not murder the newcomers">Please do not murder the newcomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pledge_of_Tranquility" title="Wikipedia:Pledge of Tranquility">Pledge of Tranquility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:R-e-s-p-e-c-t" title="Wikipedia:R-e-s-p-e-c-t">R-e-s-p-e-c-t</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_medication" title="Wikipedia:Requests for medication">Requests for medication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requirements_for_adminship" title="Wikipedia:Requirements for adminship">Requirements for adminship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Rouge_admin" title="Wikipedia:Rouge admin">Rouge admin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Rouge_editor" title="Wikipedia:Rouge editor">Rouge editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sarcasm_is_really_helpful" title="Wikipedia:Sarcasm is really helpful">Sarcasm is really helpful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sausages_for_tasting" title="Wikipedia:Sausages for tasting">Sausages for tasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Night_Before_Wikimas" title="Wikipedia:The Night Before Wikimas">The Night Before Wikimas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_first_rule_of_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:The first rule of Wikipedia">The first rule of Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Five_Pillars_of_Untruth" title="Wikipedia:The Five Pillars of Untruth">The Five Pillars of Untruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Things_that_should_not_be_surprising" title="Wikipedia:Things that should not be surprising">Things that should not be surprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiBible" title="Wikipedia:WikiBible">The WikiBible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Watchlistitis" title="Wikipedia:Watchlistitis">Watchlistitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:We_are_deletionist!" title="Wikipedia:We are deletionist!">We are deletionist!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_is_an_MMORPG" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia is an MMORPG">Wikipedia is an MMORPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Yes_legal_threats" title="Wikipedia:Yes legal threats">Yes legal threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:You_don%27t_have_to_be_mad_to_work_here,_but" title="Wikipedia:You don't have to be mad to work here, but">You don't have to be mad to work here, but</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:You_should_not_write_meaningless_lists" title="Wikipedia:You should not write meaningless lists">You should not write meaningless lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="About_essays465" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory#About_essays" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">About essays</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">About essays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_essays" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia essays">Essay guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_value_of_essays" title="Wikipedia:The value of essays">Value of essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_difference_between_policies,_guidelines_and_essays" title="Wikipedia:The difference between policies, guidelines and essays">Difference between policies, guidelines and essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_cite_essays_or_proposals_as_if_they_were_policy" title="Wikipedia:Don't cite essays or proposals as if they were policy">Don't cite essays as if they were policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_writing_redundant_essays" title="Wikipedia:Avoid writing redundant essays">Avoid writing redundant essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Finding an essay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Quote_your_own_essay" title="Wikipedia:Quote your own essay">Quote your own essay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies and guidelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">About policies and guidelines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">Guidelines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a 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