CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134e2b81c10fdaf',cH: 'eG9OSRhWhJxKhCZkRlj1nJckD.yTcCJNMjWk5mmGabA-1739785957-1.2.1.1-n20IKrNFpe1l35Wbrw2xb6gPFAz7bKT0.pDZqFGyab1o9xlY8Wcd7dl.0AZk46XU',cUPMDTk: "\/14256.pdf?__cf_chl_tk=HOrHj3h56MJRZwQrf5yeDwaxbDCWkaBbDsYyc_OBk2k-1739785957-1.0.1.1-Yk.2h3Bw.kDDN2JLJyLqi8Ul95X5S8ve0OhHU3Qb5nc",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739785957',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/14256.pdf?__cf_chl_f_tk=HOrHj3h56MJRZwQrf5yeDwaxbDCWkaBbDsYyc_OBk2k-1739785957-1.0.1.1-Yk.2h3Bw.kDDN2JLJyLqi8Ul95X5S8ve0OhHU3Qb5nc",md: "X4c_yCkqLshivLei_Z5L7mNp19aQeDqZ3xtY8muWp9c-1739785957-1.2.1.1-3MP60C8goUvLRWa38HLESQPsITkRAb0C.w7QSOFrJCXigzdOjBjpZG2j_K7GMgI_trGHH_Ca9wXyGEk.9dEsYVZxWTdWVm6z4rxs9U1vsdesoBKs0hDc9AU8ufwiyq9d4rsTbzy3jL5HydNGTH00pdxyrQgl8K2TjsFtjp2MHAdlIrseLuGMTtThV8gQqffgBBqJ5KIqEPkuiI4gpBun_xsJwG7Ijl8WxknNhWnFOhEqXiR.lQlhccQpoSr.ycr8feMRGuTBtBJDgLX1qaDSJCTgtEiaELvEnKjLU6hj9HjXCvVJBa8o8yUPn.NJa4V.intzAdBNuYOtpEhenHsVMxlzsXhb5z1Ysid3S6hzjk6Ctcfh8qzD58GfkIz4_tKXXMc.QicJjBIxmD5twct2yJkuUqBUPVFvpOQD2xsrz94tAv7dYAtfDLxlMNpf4vFCly7SSnyYfQjxcomNFZf1u1P2VNZ2Q.jgx76yGaaHp9iHZHAmaCACSdaAeuZP6FpAC6qblQFdbTxQ_zm0uROAnkdyYaLJYNNcifTQbinzGp5_3REC82i8UvYf7Fdunjmq.U5n9jnO8unlLtf6GbngZj8R7mTik4rZeyJ1lILT.2L7_y9nBHEIR1w5IE6vg1AvvAw1GegAMXgbKc5z_isqT1YEBLCT1hM.nM_VNRGS8kDRU3mnauaMObLZOhXDpkE8H8wVgs6DZAIR.pkK.MJXbN1OKd5evTB15qGjGHbar88Wu51h96WoRaI5SeGtUbFDOD9v9yNuXCo3QuEOpmC5X4XvCCWNadK.JH0h_QwgORZpNX2vzlAcEtk_u6Ki80mHziPhAY_sHLnwJb8KOITeTmA5qSQYo3TmRMlqj1qDkABP.MLB.22i_IAetORQ8l.O_wU804R_sLwHP6QGpVg0I.0i03GGhl25qIfZwovAc2htjuL8stil5M4FBZ1f2I65t1uBd6A7tXQWQrPPtccbZUvG..0jNOqtqG9sBaT2EWdQ_9E3qvOc4uRKlQXWQMetgBJBeC82HK500irc5nX62goMiTKb21hlhFE6eSfi0UNe3RcajMjgBAICQIzJXDbF0ZGvkl6oWJoZAEpCo192o27h78N.fA.ze6qkAsO7r1GzX4csd.zhJ2kIPNMMI1HzU.U3pB1aMvjzJgr5_WWecRjal8RFhAm9k5nO75rzTogBwrzNGOmwnkeLLxejmGcEtPOomcqwx4lxm.RqQwBoxFgMidyiuEBL8QyKzIeUIN9Xd.NtKH6rq5nDqX81R5N7sG0QbA.2gSy_GErAFX7AwDKROlNINAycs4fyP_QdW5_JkQqyg6OQKz5agZbqwc75Zu1c9H31M5G8084iLRI77yH9AvAG_nD.4ui1kAIVTdCflzwYA25f505M8YI.iAAJUa6EWF64t7WC9mdOMYsfqbBkRPquvs7Rez63kp0lbUyr43OaFnN6VCBnxXrguYTxeWzTwxLvYB18Lxsm.5LS_RZ9Rpce.rD_2ptERA7TbxoBs8ZeCL46Dak25E7JpwGXK9mGro7yPZ1c6aGB.dGZVXXIG6YwPsavVwn1LHda_qlTv2tqVS3jG2zl4D0CPLtXlbRmXr44kUKTfdQPndsu2nlQphLALfxtdd2wM.sQeOTZmrsKxJ0fHCTw3Vkfsh7NBu3XK96pw1svBH2AYyvNBe6apZrQ5BaImRz6YOuCBGXSxJkRSDsMAl14r7HfEGR8MpG8IhXLGGkRrw69BB8BMgTaeVA9G.gwNnC8e8ohf3hRs1Subw_uQ7AA3.y2MMF2bGLspFneegpF9gCiPkI7uwkGA25PeBiiHuVcE9G4TfjtVu4TgSpil4ZiaSvetEKEpY_cQbJwwR_RCfwsb7w0SgLrxJPq7UJRzWmDaMlAT5U",mdrd: "4Au0lA3Gmujg3JV9uhg39Og5_FBu7RRJTxVVcj6jKZI-1739785957-1.2.1.1-GoJVBRVOPrkiZ56tlhWxRfYHAa92Igr2ksuwhir2SeNoorgj.HC.rM7Stn_AVuqXYVOVD0aSDDCjRveYVY4J.2yyKr67JO0ZY1EjM7QiVlItvNUMi7jJH4thjlYZctOKo242g2Tum8_cchA95MnQYfBc3QLdb4RcWsIzBMxAPxxSTor6Wji3zpSzUWdkiaFWUZ7OvCkfqNy3DXEo_fdNlxl9BWyBSG3F4JdMX4nB6.aS8wM5.AefwUTSAkJkIQGh2cUAGWb7X4EyFLJOcca24XPaG_zFIqmBcDO1IpJtf6uhsbYwkfnVqGZRD4SzUEc8DtPy297Cp6805ASMKwrod_t2tyoGxhslPMFBPUbm8rT5gEDy8rPZWeCC6tE5umATN9DjULPNzP6iqyQkJyA6vtkpi2vrxnLExtnA9rmWHke3pXcbIZNf9vT4OMPoPsqxRRszfczYKaTTtjaDFcJGIXcPArvB3tuaNjlR5N.3WYgaygcxEx5zBSyhvpvJfjnGl6qpdioTgKaB2IVQ.2cYDpYC3_.3cxCiLGFzPlpffqgqr6o1eWadiCUIMFxqpesFXTjPbHXTLjWs2AzDRY0d_0z4x4wYgb4jnfoDkj1pfEqxT_h0IQjBPj3b4adhqbdhPOjiXTDKKZ74DjBPcQP.ra7bQ8L6sTa790AhAhVAdthDigoYOhJYenik9nh.q26zRn0eFeu6Kcq0IoEQpxhRTMDj4JN3F59or6JyE6d2QYnVIl5e09dSvZIJUNKAAf9YPTgdkG07OC9UYC2TCsVc7qTK1DAkiRhPo76iCGAIGF5XRTiVSy32NATGAfSmNku7DBlvXUDGXHLtpoMRepYUCm_4VSYkziSc8s5B4K2UqCt7XoiVUucv2ovlMlA8RA61fFxOBJYWlTRkZ2Hj09Wp6QUBwBSNLFKNB5Qn0.Yo89lMWyBtYo6Np5ClAV4Vu4mGZKS0iyhQyPw0GQGB1GAh592efckIUakYZJ8bfkMYQTMeJm6QResaAAevcN88w6AsR653Kgzz7IuYUep3ZOpj_SokF8_WV4ZIcoKJaoBdHVlCQP_uQ5pkVykmQ7sSJaIvrNnoA6u2fYK8sAhp7uou.kbIiIrUP5npvVsIThOpDrvox91_BlMery6z_N.bKzvm1JhbuflAw8coemuLkf4F9lypFIEOkjYk9sfnFwnu_HiAAl.eTkMrIMlIw3DQDfh3DIUm9h.ceR6z7QaIR6RniF4IP7z2wKew0mplGYCWIHgNJS8KF7QAWpN3gV5xFdnmdvGnHDMf4DBi8aWbh_VZzJi_fQ75i0MPuqiNHZYfbFoI3W.s8_ffMqK_mpYxs_2dE235.bf8XTShneFq_6R_PEnPR_2iLB7arZ0dATQLwNoptfdaYqoTxVmc77UXB0_n6gnS4MgevdQDv3S2y6tR46WjEVR_ID9o0rY7JCwwUAWfkW_pLnHUiHPOquITVAQL6xdj8jDqmlU9NXdOenX4pk1SH63xko3fazJbWLC4LfJkrOY9ZpK8ohwkyjmrN3Dumqm9OzNKnYx.fmQBOTKGfISTQmcJPaidoVQCOhpmwBRKD0m9EDR7ynflZScEXIEKzoURx9VQlN6cEnTX_MPd1w6yJaUdh5IiGp8moJT1oL4P.yKipxcZEH6MWpfIHgxHMsiiie97jsdAPGx.4HyUpIRqbwAsCfgvrBDg5tOfO6gko9Q4gj3zdmYarJpr5xzkDM5h96bFVdZHsWLM3t7uipyBfdvwheuCuI_z7cCyPnBBWfOh8SxnfZj.xxnRP2V67tGh2z6s2R2HAbdN__1.xx9Tlcxab7ZVfjrNg8wpdC.rkG7Sp2aE_wtJUjQ4nq1OcebqKqzMsef3dymxwDww3hwctD1d7NuXSXH5qCsIzEq2udXMFdzoHhqDebEfJYjk56yB5ZF5MH40JxVw60mZmpmrhNQjsZT9f4WkTM1QgTT2mBwOrb._Xw8E2WCR8WNB"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134e2b81c10fdaf';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/14256.pdf?__cf_chl_rt_tk=HOrHj3h56MJRZwQrf5yeDwaxbDCWkaBbDsYyc_OBk2k-1739785957-1.0.1.1-Yk.2h3Bw.kDDN2JLJyLqi8Ul95X5S8ve0OhHU3Qb5nc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>