CINXE.COM
Google Design
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><title>Google Design</title><link href="https://design.google/category/perspectives" rel="canonical"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="4"/><meta name="title" content="Perspectives"/><meta name="description" content="Google Design is an editorial platform about design at Google. We open a window for designers and the design-curious to meet the people and processes behind the products."/><meta name="keywords"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://design.google/category/perspectives"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Design"/><meta property="og:title" content="Perspectives"/><meta property="og:description" content="Google Design is an editorial platform about design at Google. We open a window for designers and the design-curious to meet the people and processes behind the products."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://design.google/og.png"/><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta property="twitter:domain" content="https://design.google"/><meta property="twitter:url" content="https://design.google/category/perspectives"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Perspectives"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Google Design is an editorial platform about design at Google. We open a window for designers and the design-curious to meet the people and processes behind the products."/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://design.google/og.png"/><link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://www.gstatic.com/glue/cookienotificationbar/cookienotificationbar.min.css" as="style"/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/2afde88fb1ee5142.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/2afde88fb1ee5142.css" data-n-g=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/b6b50b8c40c1f4dd.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/b6b50b8c40c1f4dd.css" data-n-p=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-78c92fac7aa8fdd8.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-60d328ea1049e7c2.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-49c6cecf1f6d5795.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-06c4cd09912f3c0e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-bb57fdc2b26b5c2b.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/94726e6d-b7bd6f49c069c060.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/751-bd338136919b2cca.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/%5B%5B...page%5D%5D-73222a7f69daab1a.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/y4b1ipGop5TmlR-VyRXgQ/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/y4b1ipGop5TmlR-VyRXgQ/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script></head><body style="--theme-background:#12110c;--theme-surface:#32302a;--theme-foreground:#ffffff;--theme-accent:#fae366;--theme-accent-active:#fff1b3;--theme-analogous-0:#c3ecd0;--theme-analogous-1:#ffdad3;--theme-analogous-2:#bff28d;--theme-bright:#fff9eb"><div id="__next"><div role="banner" class="Navigation_background__dYlvH"><div class="Navigation_nav__logo__xP0dZ"><a class="js-cursor-target js-logo-button" data-link-style="default" tabindex="0" aria-label="Google Design Homepage" id="gd-logo" href="/?home="><svg class="" width="130" height="22" viewBox="0 0 130 22" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M0 8.53199C0.0323179 6.25783 0.951158 4.08787 2.55785 2.49127C4.16455 0.894681 6.33 -0.000247219 8.58599 -1.38376e-05C9.65945 -0.016663 10.7254 0.182784 11.7214 0.586648C12.7175 0.990511 13.6236 1.59067 14.3867 2.35199L12.76 3.99999C11.6416 2.91285 10.1434 2.3136 8.58996 2.33199C7.78638 2.33245 6.99089 2.49375 6.24962 2.80653C5.50836 3.11932 4.83606 3.57737 4.27174 4.15411C3.70741 4.73085 3.26228 5.41481 2.96217 6.16632C2.66205 6.91782 2.51292 7.72193 2.52342 8.53199C2.51239 9.34219 2.66115 10.1465 2.96108 10.8983C3.261 11.65 3.70611 12.3342 4.27054 12.9111C4.83497 13.4879 5.50748 13.9459 6.24899 14.2585C6.9905 14.5711 7.78623 14.7321 8.58996 14.732C9.38109 14.7643 10.1702 14.6291 10.9062 14.3349C11.6423 14.0407 12.3089 13.5941 12.8631 13.024C13.5976 12.2155 14.0406 11.1813 14.1209 10.088H8.56615V7.75999H16.3705C16.4583 8.24149 16.4995 8.73045 16.4935 9.21999C16.4935 10.964 16.0174 13.128 14.5097 14.672C13.002 16.216 11.1253 17.072 8.60583 17.072C6.34505 17.0775 4.17335 16.1838 2.56216 14.5849C0.950958 12.986 0.0302906 10.811 0 8.53199ZM107.551 3.97587C107.802 3.72233 107.944 3.37844 107.944 3.01987C107.944 2.66129 107.802 2.31741 107.551 2.06386C107.299 1.81031 106.958 1.66787 106.602 1.66787C106.247 1.66787 105.906 1.81031 105.654 2.06386C105.403 2.31741 105.261 2.66129 105.261 3.01987C105.261 3.37844 105.403 3.72233 105.654 3.97587C105.906 4.22942 106.247 4.37187 106.602 4.37187C106.958 4.37187 107.299 4.22942 107.551 3.97587ZM107.547 16.7319V6.53987H105.646V16.7319H107.547ZM72.1477 1.83586V16.7319H76.6668C78.9204 16.7345 80.7323 16.0519 82.1025 14.6839C83.4726 13.3159 84.1577 11.5159 84.1577 9.28386C84.1551 7.0652 83.47 5.2692 82.1025 3.89586C80.735 2.52253 78.9231 1.83586 76.6668 1.83586H72.1477ZM74.0442 14.8999V3.66386H76.6668C78.3861 3.65853 79.7417 4.1572 80.7337 5.15986C81.7256 6.16253 82.2215 7.5372 82.2215 9.28386C82.2189 11.0439 81.7229 12.4199 80.7337 13.4119C79.7444 14.4039 78.3888 14.8999 76.6668 14.8999H74.0442ZM88.1704 16.694C88.8044 16.9588 89.487 17.0849 90.173 17.0639C91.1413 17.0738 92.0933 16.812 92.9226 16.3079C93.7232 15.8298 94.3769 15.1376 94.8112 14.3079L93.117 13.4759C92.4345 14.6999 91.4625 15.3079 90.2722 15.3079C89.8526 15.314 89.436 15.2362 89.0464 15.079C88.6569 14.9217 88.3021 14.6882 88.0027 14.3919C87.6853 14.08 87.4338 13.7066 87.2634 13.2941C87.0929 12.8816 87.007 12.4387 87.0108 11.9919H94.9461L94.9659 11.7799C94.9686 10.0172 94.5255 8.64787 93.6367 7.67187C93.1616 7.19864 92.598 6.82513 91.9787 6.57297C91.3593 6.3208 90.6965 6.19498 90.0286 6.20279C89.3607 6.21061 88.701 6.35189 88.0877 6.61848C87.4743 6.88507 86.9195 7.27165 86.4553 7.75587C85.5082 8.8181 85.0049 10.2083 85.0508 11.6359C85.0028 13.0747 85.5221 14.4741 86.495 15.5279C86.9653 16.0317 87.5364 16.4292 88.1704 16.694ZM92.9424 10.3999H87.1417C87.2768 9.70478 87.6368 9.07453 88.1654 8.60787C88.6784 8.16535 89.3353 7.92896 90.0103 7.94387C90.7641 7.90513 91.5048 8.15357 92.0854 8.63987C92.3359 8.86207 92.5406 9.13188 92.6877 9.43388C92.8347 9.73587 92.9213 10.0641 92.9424 10.3999ZM104.178 13.8999C104.178 14.3407 104.072 14.7749 103.87 15.166C103.669 15.5572 103.377 15.8939 103.02 16.1479C102.182 16.779 101.156 17.1022 100.111 17.0639C99.157 17.0826 98.2201 16.8032 97.4293 16.2639C96.6747 15.7518 96.0976 15.0148 95.7788 14.1559L97.473 13.4279C97.6897 13.9982 98.066 14.4929 98.5561 14.8519C99.0092 15.1838 99.5554 15.3617 100.115 15.3599C100.648 15.378 101.175 15.239 101.631 14.9599C101.805 14.8714 101.953 14.7384 102.061 14.5741C102.168 14.4099 102.23 14.2202 102.242 14.0239C102.242 13.3719 101.742 12.8959 100.754 12.5879L99.0203 12.1519C97.0524 11.6532 96.0697 10.6972 96.0724 9.28389C96.0645 8.84641 96.164 8.41374 96.362 8.02435C96.5599 7.63496 96.8503 7.30091 97.2071 7.0519C97.9903 6.53694 98.8976 6.24631 99.832 6.21108C100.766 6.17585 101.693 6.39735 102.512 6.8519C103.196 7.23996 103.731 7.84851 104.032 8.5799L102.337 9.2879C102.142 8.85571 101.812 8.50011 101.397 8.2759C100.95 8.03207 100.449 7.9081 99.9408 7.9159C99.4715 7.90821 99.0099 8.03738 98.6117 8.2879C98.4386 8.37142 98.2908 8.49996 98.1834 8.66026C98.076 8.82057 98.0129 9.00684 98.0007 9.19989C98.0007 9.78123 98.5442 10.1959 99.6314 10.4439L101.155 10.8439C103.159 11.3399 104.178 12.3639 104.178 13.8999ZM114.015 21.5599C113.478 21.5628 112.944 21.4901 112.428 21.3439C111.95 21.2043 111.494 20.9969 111.075 20.7279C110.68 20.4746 110.329 20.1585 110.035 19.7919C109.747 19.4341 109.524 19.0278 109.376 18.5919L111.17 17.8439C111.366 18.4253 111.741 18.9284 112.241 19.2799C112.761 19.6438 113.382 19.8328 114.015 19.8199C114.46 19.8457 114.905 19.7756 115.321 19.6142C115.737 19.4528 116.114 19.2038 116.427 18.8839C117.037 18.1699 117.347 17.2445 117.292 16.3039V15.3199H117.209C116.843 15.8664 116.343 16.3076 115.756 16.5999C115.141 16.9115 114.461 17.0718 113.773 17.0679C113.127 17.071 112.489 16.9331 111.901 16.6639C111.313 16.3946 110.79 16.0002 110.368 15.5079C109.433 14.4415 108.932 13.0588 108.964 11.6359C108.932 10.2189 109.434 8.84242 110.368 7.78387C110.786 7.28299 111.307 6.88022 111.895 6.60382C112.483 6.32742 113.124 6.18409 113.773 6.18387C114.461 6.17898 115.141 6.3394 115.756 6.65187C116.343 6.94309 116.844 7.38446 117.209 7.93187H117.292V6.53587H119.109V16.2919C119.109 17.9292 118.649 19.2132 117.728 20.1439C117.238 20.6229 116.655 20.9956 116.017 21.2392C115.378 21.4827 114.697 21.5918 114.015 21.5599ZM114.074 15.3159C114.507 15.329 114.937 15.2442 115.334 15.0677C115.73 14.8911 116.082 14.6274 116.363 14.2959C117.004 13.5628 117.337 12.6076 117.292 11.6319C117.329 10.6633 116.997 9.71718 116.363 8.98787C116.083 8.65311 115.732 8.38592 115.336 8.20595C114.94 8.02597 114.509 7.93779 114.074 7.94787C113.64 7.94033 113.21 8.02966 112.814 8.20946C112.418 8.38926 112.067 8.65508 111.785 8.98787C111.153 9.71802 110.821 10.6635 110.856 11.6319C110.817 12.6008 111.149 13.5478 111.785 14.2759C112.068 14.6074 112.419 14.8723 112.815 15.052C113.211 15.2317 113.64 15.3218 114.074 15.3159ZM122.854 6.53987H121.045V16.7319H122.942V11.0919C122.924 10.2844 123.196 9.49775 123.707 8.87587C123.932 8.5855 124.22 8.35113 124.549 8.1909C124.878 8.03067 125.239 7.94889 125.604 7.95187C127.231 7.95187 128.064 8.78787 128.104 10.4479V16.7239H130V10.3239C130 9.00654 129.667 7.99054 129 7.27587C128.624 6.90671 128.175 6.621 127.682 6.43708C127.189 6.25316 126.664 6.17509 126.14 6.20787C125.484 6.21026 124.841 6.38244 124.271 6.70787C123.721 6.99291 123.26 7.42461 122.938 7.95587H122.854V6.53987ZM20.6747 6.47004C21.3428 6.19908 22.0582 6.06639 22.7782 6.07989C23.4982 6.06639 24.2135 6.19908 24.8816 6.47004C25.5496 6.74101 26.1568 7.14472 26.667 7.65714C27.1771 8.16956 27.5797 8.78022 27.8509 9.45276C28.1221 10.1253 28.2563 10.846 28.2456 11.5719C28.2456 13.0338 27.6695 14.4358 26.6442 15.4695C25.6189 16.5032 24.2282 17.0839 22.7782 17.0839C21.3281 17.0839 19.9374 16.5032 18.9121 15.4695C17.8868 14.4358 17.3107 13.0338 17.3107 11.5719C17.3 10.846 17.4342 10.1253 17.7054 9.45276C17.9766 8.78022 18.3792 8.16956 18.8894 7.65714C19.3995 7.14472 20.0067 6.74101 20.6747 6.47004ZM19.7032 11.5719C19.7032 13.5279 21.1276 14.8999 22.7782 14.8999C24.4287 14.8999 25.8531 13.5519 25.8531 11.5719C25.8531 9.59189 24.4287 8.23989 22.7782 8.23989C21.1276 8.23989 19.7032 9.61589 19.7032 11.5719ZM34.7091 6.07989C33.9891 6.06639 33.2738 6.19908 32.6057 6.47004C31.9376 6.74101 31.3305 7.14472 30.8203 7.65714C30.3102 8.16956 29.9076 8.78022 29.6364 9.45276C29.3652 10.1253 29.231 10.846 29.2417 11.5719C29.2417 13.0338 29.8178 14.4358 30.8431 15.4695C31.8684 16.5032 33.2591 17.0839 34.7091 17.0839C36.1592 17.0839 37.5498 16.5032 38.5752 15.4695C39.6005 14.4358 40.1766 13.0338 40.1766 11.5719C40.1873 10.846 40.0531 10.1253 39.7819 9.45276C39.5107 8.78022 39.1081 8.16956 38.5979 7.65714C38.0878 7.14472 37.4806 6.74101 36.8125 6.47004C36.1445 6.19908 35.4291 6.06639 34.7091 6.07989ZM34.7091 14.8999C33.0586 14.8999 31.6342 13.5279 31.6342 11.5719C31.6342 9.61589 33.0586 8.23989 34.7091 8.23989C36.3597 8.23989 37.7841 9.59189 37.7841 11.5719C37.7841 13.5519 36.3597 14.8999 34.7091 14.8999ZM49.3536 7.29587V6.39987H51.6032V16.2759C51.6032 20.3359 49.2306 21.9999 46.4215 21.9999C45.3899 22.002 44.3811 21.6942 43.5239 21.1156C42.6667 20.5371 41.9999 19.7142 41.6087 18.7519L43.6957 17.8759C43.909 18.4399 44.2841 18.9271 44.773 19.2754C45.262 19.6238 45.8428 19.8175 46.4413 19.8319C48.2387 19.8319 49.3536 18.7119 49.3536 16.6079V15.8079H49.2702C48.9101 16.2138 48.4666 16.5357 47.9705 16.7513C47.4744 16.9668 46.9377 17.0707 46.3977 17.0559C43.6759 17.0559 41.1762 14.6959 41.1762 11.5839C41.1762 8.47187 43.6759 6.07187 46.3977 6.07187C46.9352 6.05873 47.4694 6.16108 47.9647 6.37212C48.4599 6.58315 48.905 6.89805 49.2702 7.29587H49.3536ZM43.5727 11.5799C43.5727 13.4959 44.9574 14.8879 46.608 14.8879V14.8999C48.2387 14.8999 49.5162 13.5119 49.5162 11.5799C49.5162 9.64787 48.2625 8.22787 46.608 8.22787C44.9534 8.22787 43.5727 9.66387 43.5727 11.5799ZM55.6702 0.583876H53.2777V16.7279H55.6702V0.583876ZM60.6584 14.4766C61.1294 14.7732 61.6778 14.9207 62.2328 14.8999C62.7716 14.902 63.3018 14.7634 63.7718 14.4978C64.2418 14.2321 64.6356 13.8484 64.915 13.3839L66.7718 14.6319C66.2745 15.3848 65.5993 16.0013 64.807 16.4258C64.0147 16.8504 63.1301 17.0696 62.2328 17.0639C61.5163 17.0748 60.8049 16.9399 60.1413 16.6673C59.4777 16.3947 58.8754 15.9899 58.3705 15.4772C57.8657 14.9644 57.4686 14.3543 57.203 13.6833C56.9374 13.0123 56.8088 12.2942 56.8249 11.5719C56.8249 8.30389 59.1381 6.07989 61.963 6.07989C64.788 6.07989 66.1767 8.34789 66.629 9.57189L66.875 10.1999L59.5904 13.2359C59.8153 13.7478 60.1873 14.18 60.6584 14.4766ZM63.2322 8.47733C62.8724 8.26967 62.4601 8.17319 62.0463 8.19989C61.6494 8.2182 61.2601 8.31604 60.9012 8.48769C60.5422 8.65934 60.2207 8.90136 59.9555 9.19963C59.6903 9.49789 59.4867 9.84643 59.3566 10.2249C59.2264 10.6033 59.1724 11.0041 59.1976 11.4039L64.0698 9.36789C63.8832 8.99468 63.592 8.68499 63.2322 8.47733Z" fill="#fff"></path></svg></a></div><div class="Navigation_nav__skip__uEOfT"><a href="#main_container" tabindex="0">Skip to content</a></div><div class="Navigation_nav__button__66hg2 -active"><div class="Navigation_nav__button-container__WAro6" data-testid="menu-key"><div tabindex="0" class="js-cursor-target Navigation_nav__button-search__zkwJb js-nav-button-search" data-link-style="chip" role="button" aria-label="Search" data-testid="search-svg"><div><svg class="" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M18.6 20L14.3 15.7C13.8 16.1 13.225 16.4167 12.575 16.65C11.925 16.8833 11.2333 17 10.5 17C8.68333 17 7.146 16.371 5.888 15.113C4.62933 13.8543 4 12.3167 4 10.5C4 8.68333 4.62933 7.14567 5.888 5.887C7.146 4.629 8.68333 4 10.5 4C12.3167 4 13.8543 4.629 15.113 5.887C16.371 7.14567 17 8.68333 17 10.5C17 11.2333 16.8833 11.925 16.65 12.575C16.4167 13.225 16.1 13.8 15.7 14.3L20 18.6L18.6 20ZM10.5 15C11.75 15 12.8127 14.5627 13.688 13.688C14.5627 12.8127 15 11.75 15 10.5C15 9.25 14.5627 8.18733 13.688 7.312C12.8127 6.43733 11.75 6 10.5 6C9.25 6 8.18733 6.43733 7.312 7.312C6.43733 8.18733 6 9.25 6 10.5C6 11.75 6.43733 12.8127 7.312 13.688C8.18733 14.5627 9.25 15 10.5 15Z" fill="#fff"></path></svg></div></div><div tabindex="0" class="js-cursor-target Navigation_nav__button-menu__wRYbl js-nav-button-menu" data-link-style="chip" role="button" aria-label="Menu" data-testid="svg-chip"><div><svg class="" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M22 8H2V10H22V8ZM22 14H2V16H22V14Z" fill="#fff"></path></svg></div></div></div></div><div class="Navigation_nav__modal__5MRUx" aria-hidden="true" style="--font-heading:var(--font-global-heading);--font-content:var(--font-global-content)"><div class="Navigation_nav__drawer__d7rAx col-xs-12 col-md-8 col-lg-6"><button class="Navigation_nav__button-close__lCz6Z js-cursor-target" data-link-style="chip" aria-label="Close" tabindex="-1" data-testid="chip-close"><svg class="" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.29688 18.59L14.8769 12L8.29688 5.41L9.70687 4L17.7069 12L9.70687 20L8.29688 18.59Z" fill="#fff"></path></svg></button><div class="Navigation_nav__menu__mJQgQ Navigation_search__nnpFV container row"><form data-testid="form-submit"><input type="text" name="autocomplete" autoComplete="off" tabindex="-1" disabled="" aria-hidden="true"/><input autoComplete="off" type="text" name="search" placeholder="Search" class="js-cursor-target js-search-input" data-link-style="default" tabindex="-1"/><button type="submit" aria-label="Submit Search" class="js-cursor-target" data-link-style="chip" tabindex="-1" data-testid="reset-button"><svg class="" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M18.6 20L14.3 15.7C13.8 16.1 13.225 16.4167 12.575 16.65C11.925 16.8833 11.2333 17 10.5 17C8.68333 17 7.146 16.371 5.888 15.113C4.62933 13.8543 4 12.3167 4 10.5C4 8.68333 4.62933 7.14567 5.888 5.887C7.146 4.629 8.68333 4 10.5 4C12.3167 4 13.8543 4.629 15.113 5.887C16.371 7.14567 17 8.68333 17 10.5C17 11.2333 16.8833 11.925 16.65 12.575C16.4167 13.225 16.1 13.8 15.7 14.3L20 18.6L18.6 20ZM10.5 15C11.75 15 12.8127 14.5627 13.688 13.688C14.5627 12.8127 15 11.75 15 10.5C15 9.25 14.5627 8.18733 13.688 7.312C12.8127 6.43733 11.75 6 10.5 6C9.25 6 8.18733 6.43733 7.312 7.312C6.43733 8.18733 6 9.25 6 10.5C6 11.75 6.43733 12.8127 7.312 13.688C8.18733 14.5627 9.25 15 10.5 15Z" fill="#fff"></path></svg></button><div class="Navigation_search__tag__1K0qV"></div></form><div class="Navigation_search__results__HrNFm" role="feed" data-testid="feed-result"><p class="Navigation_search__results_count__LKMss" aria-live="polite" aria-busy="true" aria-atomic="true"><span class="-offscreen">0 results </span></p></div><div class="LoadingIndicator_container__ZO52P loading-indicator" tabindex="-1" data-testid="loading-indicator"><span class="LoadingIndicator_dot__tvHNR"></span><span class="LoadingIndicator_dot__tvHNR"></span><span class="LoadingIndicator_dot__tvHNR"></span></div></div></div><div class="Navigation_nav__skim__nGmHh"></div></div></div><main id="main_container" style="opacity:0"><div class="row SpacerLayout_spacer__medium__HaNU5 SpacerLayout_spacer__mobile__medium__Ta_wy"></div><div tabindex="-1" role="generic" class="row layout layout-col--1 Row_row__0eZdh margin-h--medium margin-v--none padding-h--none padding-v--none gutter--medium" data-link-style="default"><div class="col-xs-12 row-xs--center row-xs--middle js-target" data-y-start="20" data-testid="column"><div class="--content-wrapper Column_wrapper__I9Fan" style="--width:83.33333333333334%"><div class="--center" data-testid="title-block"><h2 class="heading Heading_title__v5nCr Heading_title__h1__ubrEf Heading_title__mobile__h1__9MP5K TitleBlock_title__heading__Wleuq">Perspectives</h2><div class="TitleBlock_title__links__UYtY_"></div></div></div></div></div></main><div role="contentinfo"><div tabindex="-1" role="generic" class="row page-footer Row_row__0eZdh margin-h--medium margin-v--small padding-h--none padding-v--none gutter--small" data-link-style="default"><div class="col-xs-12 row-xs--center row-xs--middle js-target" data-y-start="20" data-testid="column"><div class="--content-wrapper Column_wrapper__I9Fan" style="--width:100%"><div class="FooterBlock_footer__L2f6Q"><div class="FooterBlock_footer__logo__S414f"><a href="https://google.com" target="_blank" aria-label="Google Homepage (opens in a new tab or window)" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="js-cursor-target" data-link-style="default"><svg class="" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 13.9V10.18H21.36C21.5 10.81 21.61 11.4 21.61 12.23C21.61 17.94 17.78 22 12.01 22C6.48 22 2 17.52 2 12C2 6.48 6.48 2 12 2C14.7 2 16.96 2.99 18.69 4.61L15.85 7.37C15.13 6.69 13.88 5.88 12 5.88C8.69 5.88 5.99 8.63 5.99 12C5.99 15.37 8.69 18.12 12 18.12C15.83 18.12 17.24 15.47 17.5 13.9H12Z" fill="var(--theme-foreground)"></path></svg></a></div><div data-testid="external-link"><a target="_blank" aria-label="Privacy (opens in a new tab or window)" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="js-cursor-target" data-link-style="default">Privacy</a> & <a target="_blank" aria-label="Terms (opens in a new tab or window)" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="js-cursor-target" data-link-style="default">Terms</a></div></div></div></div></div></div><noscript><iframe async src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TXGTPC' height='0' width='0' style='display:none;visibility:hidden'></iframe></noscript><div class="CustomCursor_cursor__HzHPF" data-testid="cursor"></div><div class="CustomCursor_cursor__label__pWDCc cursor__label" data-testid="cursor-label"></div></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"page":{"uuid":"2155886f-08da-4369-bfcc-9e97e3628378","revision":"fde32c22-6dc5-4fe9-b3f9-c8bcb0bf02eb","title":"Perspectives","description":null,"type":"page","secondary_type":"category","tertiary_type":null,"location":"/category/perspectives","topics":[],"contributors":[],"data":{"body":[{"id":"cf22c75f-9fdb-4920-9179-1f3bf6d4aaf0","type":"spacer","value":{"size":"medium","mobile_size":"medium"}},{"id":"7796c8e8-95f8-4a13-9cce-f5c9ecea702a","type":"col_1","value":{"link":null,"theme":null,"layout":{"height":"default","position":"default","full_width":false},"content":[{"id":"a6410ae4-1075-41da-b498-e7cb818c1498","type":"title","value":{"links":[],"title":"Perspectives","format":{"text_size":"large","heading_size":"h1","text_alignment":"center","heading_font_weight":"bold"},"layout":{"size":"large","vertical_alignment":"middle","horizontal_alignment":"center"},"eyebrow":null,"description":null,"content_category":[{"category":null,"has_category":false,"sub_category":null}],"primary_page_title":false,"show_page_contributors":false}}],"spacing":{"gutter_size":"medium","vertical_margin":null,"vertical_padding":null,"horizontal_margin":"medium","horizontal_padding":null},"animation":{"transition":"fade"},"background":null}}],"feed":{"show":true,"heading":null,"all_topics":false},"image":null,"category":{"name":"Perspectives","linked_page":"/category/perspectives"},"topics_show":false,"square_image":null,"sub_category":null,"contributors_show":false,"publish_date_show":false,"scroll_arrow_show":false},"metadata":{"image":null,"title":"Perspectives","keywords":null,"description":null,"square_image":null},"theme":null,"font_heading":null,"font_content":null,"draft":false,"public":true,"unlisted":true,"publish_at":"2024-07-29T09:25:00Z","expire_at":null},"topics":[{"slug":"accessibility","name":"Accessibility","featured":true,"weight":0},{"slug":"ai","name":"AI","featured":true,"weight":0},{"slug":"art-direction","name":"Art Direction","featured":true,"weight":0},{"slug":"android","name":"Android","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"awards","name":"Awards","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"branding","name":"Branding","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"career","name":"Career","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"color","name":"Color","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"conversations","name":"Conversations","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"creative-lab","name":"Creative Lab","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"diversity","name":"Diversity","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"emerging-markets","name":"Emerging Markets","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"engineering","name":"Engineering","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"fonts","name":"Fonts","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"form","name":"FORM","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"google-home","name":"Google Home","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"guides","name":"Guides","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"illustration","name":"Illustration","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"industrial-design","name":"Industrial Design","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"io","name":"I/O","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"logo","name":"Logo","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"material-design","name":"Material Design","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"mobile","name":"Mobile","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"motion-design","name":"Motion Design","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"oral-history","name":"Oral History","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"perspectives","name":"Perspectives","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"photography","name":"Photography","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"podcasts","name":"Podcasts","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"sound-design","name":"Sound Design","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"span","name":"SPAN","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"spotlight","name":"Spotlight","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"typography","name":"Typography","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"ui","name":"UI","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"user-research","name":"User Research","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"ux","name":"UX","featured":false,"weight":0},{"slug":"video","name":"Video","featured":false,"weight":0}],"settings":{"site":{"name":"Google Design","description":"Google Design is an editorial platform about design at Google. We open a window for designers and the design-curious to meet the people and processes behind the products."},"theme":{"uuid":"dbc46356-0e0e-483e-8612-86d80572b585","name":"Default Dark","color":"#FFEE99","foregroundColor":"","tone":"dark","palette":"neutral","is_seed_color":false},"font_heading":{"uuid":"abd94f72-cda7-4de2-a479-4dfd574f30ea","name":"Roboto Flex","family":"'Roboto Flex', sans-serif","url":"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto+Flex:opsz,wdth,wght@8..144,64..150,500..900\u0026display=swap"},"font_content":{"uuid":"0387a6be-d10b-4eee-aedb-7ec218e239ea","name":"Roboto","family":"'Roboto', sans-serif","url":"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;0,700;1,400;1,500;1,700\u0026display=swap"},"navigation":{"primary_links":[{"url":"/community","label":"Community","external":false},{"url":"/about","label":"About","external":false},{"url":"/m10","label":"Ten Years of Material","external":false}],"discover_links":[{"url":"https://material.io/","label":"Material Design","external":true},{"url":"https://fonts.google.com/","label":"Google Fonts","external":true},{"url":"https://blog.google/","label":"The Keyword","external":true}],"connect_links":[{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/googledesign/","label":"Instagram","external":true},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/googledesign","label":"YouTube","external":true},{"url":"https://x.com/GoogleDesign","label":"X","external":true}]},"legal":{"privacy":"https://policies.google.com/privacy","terms":"https://policies.google.com/terms"}},"host":"https://design.google","url":"https://design.google/category/perspectives"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/[[...page]]","query":{"page":["category","perspectives"]},"buildId":"y4b1ipGop5TmlR-VyRXgQ","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>