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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Xingrui" title="Ma Xingrui – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ma Xingrui" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Xingrui" title="Ma Xingrui – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ma Xingrui" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%8B%B1%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4" title="마싱루이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마싱루이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Xingrui" title="Ma Xingrui – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ma Xingrui" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%89" title="ما كسينجروى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ما كسينجروى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%88%88%E7%91%9E" title="馬興瑞 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="馬興瑞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B9" title="Ма Синжуй – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ма Синжуй" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Xingrui" title="Ma Xingrui – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ma Xingrui" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%B4%D9%89%DA%AD%D8%B1%DB%88%D9%8A" title="ما شىڭرۈي – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ما شىڭرۈي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A3_H%C6%B0ng_Th%E1%BB%A5y" title="Mã Hưng Thụy – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mã Hưng Thụy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%88%88%E7%91%9E" title="馬興瑞 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬興瑞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%B4%E7%91%9E" title="马兴瑞 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马兴瑞" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chinese politician and aerospace engineer</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Chinese_name" title="Chinese name">Chinese name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">family name</a> is <i> <a href="/wiki/Ma_(surname)" title="Ma (surname)">Ma</a></i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Ma Xingrui</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">马兴瑞</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ma_Xingrui_at_the_20th_Conference_on_Remote_Sensing_of_China_(20160810090104)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ma_Xingrui_at_the_20th_Conference_on_Remote_Sensing_of_China_%2820160810090104%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Ma_Xingrui_at_the_20th_Conference_on_Remote_Sensing_of_China_%2820160810090104%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ma_Xingrui_at_the_20th_Conference_on_Remote_Sensing_of_China_%2820160810090104%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Ma_Xingrui_at_the_20th_Conference_on_Remote_Sensing_of_China_%2820160810090104%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ma_Xingrui_at_the_20th_Conference_on_Remote_Sensing_of_China_%2820160810090104%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Ma_Xingrui_at_the_20th_Conference_on_Remote_Sensing_of_China_%2820160810090104%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2358" data-file-height="3142" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Ma in 2016</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_Secretary_of_Xinjiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party Secretary of Xinjiang">Communist Party Secretary of Xinjiang</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />25 December 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erkin_Tuniyaz" title="Erkin Tuniyaz">Erkin Tuniyaz</a> (chairman)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">General secretary</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Quanguo" title="Chen Quanguo">Chen Quanguo</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Guangdong" title="Governor of Guangdong">Governor of Guangdong</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 December 2016 – 25 December 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hu_Chunhua" title="Hu Chunhua">Hu Chunhua</a> (2016–2017)<br /><a href="/wiki/Li_Xi_(politician,_born_1956)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Xi (politician, born 1956)">Li Xi</a> (2017 onwards)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xiaodan" title="Zhu Xiaodan">Zhu Xiaodan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Weizhong" title="Wang Weizhong">Wang Weizhong</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Communist Party Secretary of <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />26 March 2015 – 30 December 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xu_Qin" title="Xu Qin">Xu Qin</a> (mayor)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Rong_(politician)" title="Wang Rong (politician)">Wang Rong</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xu_Qin" title="Xu Qin">Xu Qin</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Director of the <a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">China National Space Administration</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 2013 – November 2013</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Qiufa" title="Chen Qiufa">Chen Qiufa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xu_Dazhe" title="Xu Dazhe">Xu Dazhe</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">October 1959 (age 65)<br /><a href="/wiki/Shuangyashan" title="Shuangyashan">Shuangyashan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a>, China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liaoning_University_of_Technology" title="Liaoning University of Technology">Liaoning University of Technology</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_University" title="Tianjin University">Tianjin University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Harbin_Institute_of_Technology" title="Harbin Institute of Technology">Harbin Institute of Technology</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">马兴瑞</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">馬興瑞</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Mǎ Xīngruì</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Maa5 Hing3-seoi6</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ma Xingrui</b> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">马兴瑞</span>; born October 1959) is a Chinese politician and aerospace engineer who is the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary">Communist Party secretary</a> of <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a>. </p><p>Ma is recognized as one of China's top scientists. Ma served as Vice President of <a href="/wiki/Harbin_Institute_of_Technology" title="Harbin Institute of Technology">Harbin Institute of Technology</a>, General Manager of <a href="/wiki/China_Aerospace_Science_and_Technology_Corporation" title="China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation">China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation</a>, Director of the <a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">China National Space Administration</a>, and chief commander of <a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_3" title="Chang'e 3">Chang'e 3</a>, China's first <a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">lunar exploration</a> mission. He later served as the Vice Minister of Industry and Information Technology, Head of the Political and Legal Affairs Commission of Guangdong, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary">Communist Party Secretary</a> of <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Deputy_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Deputy Committee Secretary">Deputy Party Secretary</a> of Guangdong, and <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Guangdong" title="Governor of Guangdong">Governor of Guangdong</a>. He became the Communist Party secretary of Xinjiang in December 2021 and a member of the Politburo in October 2022. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_academic_career">Education and academic career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Xingrui&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education and academic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ma Xingrui was born on 6 October 1959 in <a href="/wiki/Shuangyashan" title="Shuangyashan">Shuangyashan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a> province, to a family of mine workers in China's industrial northeast. His branch of the family migrated from <a href="/wiki/Yuncheng_County" title="Yuncheng County">Yuncheng County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a> to Shuangyashan in the 1930s during his grandfather's generation.<sup id="cite_ref-fenghuang_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fenghuang-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received a bachelor's degree at Fuxin Mining College (now <a href="/wiki/Liaoning_University_of_Technology" title="Liaoning University of Technology">Liaoning University of Technology</a>) in 1982, and went on to graduate school for general mechanics at <a href="/wiki/Tianjin_University" title="Tianjin University">Tianjin University</a>. He earned his doctorate in mechanics at <a href="/wiki/Harbin_Institute_of_Technology" title="Harbin Institute of Technology">Harbin Institute of Technology</a> (HIT) in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-Brookings_Institution_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brookings_Institution-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ma joined the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP) in January 1988. He stayed at HIT to pursue post-doctoral work, first working as an instructor and associate professor before being named a professor in 1991. In April 1992 he became dean of the school of mechanics at the institute, later becoming the vice dean of the Aerospace College in 1985. In April 1996 he was named vice president of the institute.<sup id="cite_ref-Brookings_Institution_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brookings_Institution-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-zgxw_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zgxw-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aerospace_industry">Aerospace industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Xingrui&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Aerospace industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 1996, Ma was appointed vice dean of <a href="/wiki/China_Academy_of_Space_Technology" title="China Academy of Space Technology">China Academy of Space Technology</a> (CAST), and became the leader and chief engineer of the <i><a href="/wiki/Shijian" title="Shijian">Shijian 5</a></i> satellite project. In 1999, he was named deputy general manager of <a href="/wiki/China_Aerospace_Science_and_Technology_Corporation" title="China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation">China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation</a> (CASC). In December 2003 he was additionally appointed Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Sino_Satellite_Communications" title="Sino Satellite Communications">Sino Satellite Communications</a> and worked on various lunar missions.<sup id="cite_ref-zgxw_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zgxw-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2007, Ma was promoted to General Manager of CASC.<sup id="cite_ref-chinavitae_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chinavitae-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Ma was appointed Director of the <a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">China National Space Administration</a>, Director of the <a href="/wiki/China_Atomic_Energy_Authority" title="China Atomic Energy Authority">China Atomic Energy Authority</a>, Director of the <a href="/wiki/State_Administration_of_Science,_Technology_and_Industry_for_National_Defense" title="State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense">State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Industry_and_Information_Technology" title="Ministry of Industry and Information Technology">Vice Minister of Industry and Information Technology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chinavitae_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chinavitae-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the chief commander of the successful <a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_3" title="Chang'e 3">Chang'e 3</a> mission, China's first <a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">lunar surface exploration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-scmp_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Xingrui&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guangdong">Guangdong</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Xingrui&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Guangdong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2012, Ma was elected as a full member of the <a href="/wiki/18th_Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chinavitae_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chinavitae-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2013, Ma left his posts in the world of science and was transferred to Guangdong to serve as deputy party secretary of the province and concurrently the Secretary of the provincial Political and Legal Affairs Commission. In March 2015, he was named Communist Party Secretary of <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, replacing <a href="/wiki/Wang_Rong_(politician)" title="Wang Rong (politician)">Wang Rong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-scmp_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ma's appointment in Shenzhen placed him in his first executive party leadership role. His appointment also elevated the status of the office, given that his predecessor Wang is only an alternate member of the Central Committee, while Ma is a full member.<sup id="cite_ref-duo_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2016, Ma was appointed as the acting <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Guangdong" title="Governor of Guangdong">Governor of Guangdong</a>. In a break with tradition, Ma became the first governor in over 30 years to have not been native to the province.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ma was elected as the Governor of Guangdong on 23 January 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2017, Ma was elected as a full member of the <a href="/wiki/19th_Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his tenure as governor, in August 2018, 14 companies from Singapore signed agreements with Guangdong companies to collaborate in research and development, technology, smart cities development, transport and logistics, education, biomedical sciences and professional services.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Xingrui&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Xinjiang"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2021, Ma was appointed as the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary">Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary</a> of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since his accession to the post, Xinjiang has seen relative normalization in some aspects, such as <a href="/wiki/Turnstile" title="Turnstile">turnstiles</a> between residential areas being removed and two-day breaks in weekends for public officials being restored.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2022, Ma was elected as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">CCP Politburo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2023, Ma visited Astana, Kazakhstan and met with president <a href="/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a> and prime minister <a href="/wiki/%C3%84lihan_Smaiylov" title="Älihan Smaiylov">Älihan Smaiylov</a>, discussing boosting trade; his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Chen_Quanguo" title="Chen Quanguo">Chen Quanguo</a> did not undertake any trips overseas during his tenure in Xinjiang.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2024, Ma stated that <a href="/wiki/Sinicization" title="Sinicization">sinicization</a> of Islam in Xinjiang is "inevitable."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Xingrui&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ma is married to Rong Li, who was his classmate from graduate school. The couple have a daughter, who holds a doctoral degree.<sup id="cite_ref-Brookings_Institution_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brookings_Institution-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Xingrui&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fenghuang-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fenghuang_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.ifeng.com/a/20150326/43424363_0.shtml">"马兴瑞2年内三次跨界式工作换岗"</a> [Ma Xingrui made three cross-border job changes in two years]. <i>Beijing Youth Daily</i>. 26 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Beijing+Youth+Daily&rft.atitle=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%B4%E7%91%9E2%E5%B9%B4%E5%86%85%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E8%B7%A8%E7%95%8C%E5%BC%8F%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%8D%A2%E5%B2%97&rft.date=2015-03-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.ifeng.com%2Fa%2F20150326%2F43424363_0.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMa+Xingrui" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brookings_Institution-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brookings_Institution_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brookings_Institution_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brookings_Institution_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/20thpartycongress_ma_xingrui.pdf">"Ma Xingrui 马兴瑞"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Brookings_Institution" title="Brookings Institution">Brookings Institution</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="Zhu Xiaodan">Zhu Xiaodan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Guangdong" title="Governor of Guangdong">Governor of Guangdong</a> </b><br />2016–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Weizhong" title="Wang Weizhong">Wang Weizhong</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Qiufa" title="Chen Qiufa">Chen Qiufa</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Director of <a href="/wiki/State_Administration_for_Science,_Technology_and_Industry_for_National_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense">State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense</a> </b><br />2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Xu_Dazhe" title="Xu Dazhe">Xu Dazhe</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Quanguo" title="Chen Quanguo">Chen Quanguo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Xinjiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Xinjiang">Communist Party Secretary of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region</a> </b><br />2021–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Rong_(politician)" title="Wang Rong (politician)">Wang Rong</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Communist Party Secretary of <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a> </b><br />2015–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Xu_Qin" title="Xu Qin">Xu Qin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Mingguo" title="Zhu Mingguo">Zhu Mingguo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Political and Legal Affairs Commission </b><br />2013–2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lin_Shaochun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lin Shaochun (page does not exist)">Lin Shaochun</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%B0%91%E6%98%A5" class="extiw" title="zh:林少春">zh</a>]</span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Deputy Communist Party Secretary of Guangdong </b><br />2013–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ren_Xuefeng" title="Ren Xuefeng">Ren Xuefeng</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(2022–2027)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (2022–2027)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/20th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuexiang" title="Ding Xuexiang">Ding Xuexiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xi_(politician)" title="Li Xi (politician)">Li Xi</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other members<br /><small><i>in <a href="/wiki/Surname_stroke_order" title="Surname stroke order">surname stroke order</a></i></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ma Xingrui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yi_(politician)" title="Wang Yi (politician)">Wang Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Li_(politician)" title="Yin Li (politician)">Yin Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Taifeng" title="Shi Taifeng">Shi Taifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Guozhong" title="Liu Guozhong">Liu Guozhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Ganjie" title="Li Ganjie">Li Ganjie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Shulei" title="Li Shulei">Li Shulei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhong" title="Li Hongzhong">Li Hongzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Weidong" title="He Weidong">He Weidong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Lifeng" title="He Lifeng">He Lifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Youxia" title="Zhang Youxia">Zhang Youxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Guoqing" title="Zhang Guoqing">Zhang Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Wenqing" title="Chen Wenqing">Chen Wenqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Jining" title="Chen Jining">Chen Jining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Min%27er" title="Chen Min'er">Chen Min'er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_Jiajun" title="Yuan Jiajun">Yuan Jiajun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Kunming" title="Huang Kunming">Huang Kunming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:7th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:7th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">7th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:8th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:8th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">8th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:9th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:9th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">9th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:10th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:10th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">10th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:11th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:11th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">11th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:12th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:12th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">12th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:13th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">13th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:14th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">14th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:15th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">15th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">16th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">17th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:18th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">18th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:19th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">19th</a>→<a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provincial-level_Committee_Secretaries_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(current)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Committee_Secretaries_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:Committee Secretaries of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Committee_Secretaries_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template talk:Committee Secretaries of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Committee_Secretaries_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Committee Secretaries of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provincial-level_Committee_Secretaries_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(current)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary">Provincial-level Committee Secretaries of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Chinese_provincial_leaders" title="List of current Chinese provincial leaders">current</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Direct-controlled_municipality_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-controlled municipality of China">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Yin_Li_(politician)" title="Yin Li (politician)">Yin Li</a><sup>PB</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Jiajun" title="Yuan Jiajun">Yuan Jiajun</a><sup>PB</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Chen_Jining" title="Chen Jining">Chen Jining</a><sup>PB</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Chen_Min%27er" title="Chen Min'er">Chen Min'er</a><sup>PB</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Province (China)">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Liang_Yanshun" title="Liang Yanshun">Liang Yanshun</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Zuyi" title="Zhou Zuyi">Zhou Zuyi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Hu_Changsheng" title="Hu Changsheng">Hu Changsheng</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Huang_Kunming" title="Huang Kunming">Huang Kunming</a><sup>PB</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Xu_Lin_(born_1963)" title="Xu Lin (born 1963)">Xu Lin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Feng_Fei_(politician)" title="Feng Fei (politician)">Feng Fei</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Ni_Yuefeng" title="Ni Yuefeng">Ni Yuefeng</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Xu_Qin" title="Xu Qin">Xu Qin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Lou_Yangsheng" title="Lou Yangsheng">Lou Yangsheng</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Menghui" title="Wang Menghui">Wang Menghui</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Shen_Xiaoming" title="Shen Xiaoming">Shen Xiaoming</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Xin_Changxing" title="Xin Changxing">Xin Changxing</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Yin_Hong" title="Yin Hong">Yin Hong</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Huang_Qiang_(politician)" title="Huang Qiang (politician)">Huang Qiang</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Hao_Peng_(PRC)" title="Hao Peng (PRC)">Hao Peng</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Chen_Gang_(born_1965)" title="Chen Gang (born 1965)">Chen Gang</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Yide" title="Zhao Yide">Zhao Yide</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Lin_Wu" title="Lin Wu">Lin Wu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Tang_Dengjie" title="Tang Dengjie">Tang Dengjie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Xiaohui" title="Wang Xiaohui">Wang Xiaohui</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Ning_(politician,_born_1961)" title="Wang Ning (politician, born 1961)">Wang Ning</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Yi_Lianhong" title="Yi Lianhong">Yi Lianhong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Ning" title="Liu Ning">Liu Ning</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Sun_Shaocheng" title="Sun Shaocheng">Sun Shaocheng</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Li_Yifei" title="Li Yifei">Li Yifei</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Junzheng" title="Wang Junzheng">Wang Junzheng</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></i>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ma Xingrui</a><sup>PB</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup><b>PB</b></sup> Member of the <a href="/wiki/20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo</a><br />♀ female</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_leaders_of_Xinjiang_since_1949" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Xinjiang_leaders" title="Template:Xinjiang leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Xinjiang_leaders" title="Template talk:Xinjiang leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Xinjiang_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Xinjiang leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_leaders_of_Xinjiang_since_1949" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Political leaders of <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> since 1949</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_Uygur_Autonomous_Regional_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Party Committee<br />Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhen_(general)" title="Wang Zhen (general)">Wang Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Enmao" title="Wang Enmao">Wang Enmao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Shujin" title="Long Shujin">Long Shujin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Feng_(politician)" title="Wang Feng (politician)">Wang Feng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Enmao" title="Wang Enmao">Wang Enmao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Hanliang" title="Song Hanliang">Song Hanliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Lequan" title="Wang Lequan">Wang Lequan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunxian" title="Zhang Chunxian">Zhang Chunxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Quanguo" title="Chen Quanguo">Chen Quanguo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ma Xingrui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Local People's Congress">Congress</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">Chairpersons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6m%C3%BCr_Dawamat" title="Tömür Dawamat">Tömür Dawamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamudun_Niyaz" title="Hamudun Niyaz">Hamudun Niyaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablet_Abdureshit" title="Ablet Abdureshit">Ablet Abdureshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdurehim_Amet" title="Abdurehim Amet">Abdurehim Amet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arken_Imirbaki" title="Arken Imirbaki">Arken Imirbaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shohrat_Zakir" title="Shohrat Zakir">Shohrat Zakir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neyim_Yasin" title="Neyim Yasin">Neyim Yasin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shewket_Imin" title="Shewket Imin">Shewket Imin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zumret_Obul" title="Zumret Obul">Zumret Obul</a> ♀</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Chinese_provincial_leaders" title="List of current Chinese provincial leaders">Government<br />Chairmen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Shujin" title="Long Shujin">Long Shujin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Feng_(politician)" title="Wang Feng (politician)">Wang Feng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Amat" title="Ismail Amat">Ismail Amat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6m%C3%BCr_Dawamat" title="Tömür Dawamat">Tömür Dawamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablet_Abdureshit" title="Ablet Abdureshit">Ablet Abdureshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Tiliwaldi" title="Ismail Tiliwaldi">Ismail Tiliwaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Bekri" title="Nur Bekri">Nur Bekri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shohrat_Zakir" title="Shohrat Zakir">Shohrat Zakir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erkin_Tuniyaz" title="Erkin Tuniyaz">Erkin Tuniyaz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference</a><br />Chairmen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Enmao" title="Wang Enmao">Wang Enmao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Feng_(politician)" title="Wang Feng (politician)">Wang Feng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Shigong" title="Zhang Shigong">Zhang Shigong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Yasinov" title="Ismail Yasinov">Ismail Yasinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Dai" title="Ba Dai">Ba Dai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janabil" title="Janabil">Janabil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashat_Kerimbay" title="Ashat Kerimbay">Ashat Kerimbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurlan_Abilmazhinuly" title="Nurlan Abilmazhinuly">Nurlan Abilmazhinuly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_leaders_of_Guangdong_since_1949" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Guangdong_leaders" title="Template:Guangdong leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Guangdong_leaders" title="Template talk:Guangdong leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Guangdong_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Guangdong leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_leaders_of_Guangdong_since_1949" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Guangdong" title="Politics of Guangdong">Political leaders</a> of <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> since 1949</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Provincial_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Party Committee<br />Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Zhu" title="Tao Zhu">Tao Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yongsheng" title="Huang Yongsheng">Huang Yongsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xingyuan" title="Liu Xingyuan">Liu Xingyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Sheng_(general)" title="Ding Sheng (general)">Ding Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Zhongxun" title="Xi Zhongxun">Xi Zhongxun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Zhongyi" title="Ren Zhongyi">Ren Zhongyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Ruo" title="Lin Ruo">Lin Ruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Fei_(politician)" title="Xie Fei (politician)">Xie Fei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Changchun" title="Li Changchun">Li Changchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dejiang" title="Zhang Dejiang">Zhang Dejiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yang_(politician)" title="Wang Yang (politician)">Wang Yang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Chunhua" title="Hu Chunhua">Hu Chunhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xi_(born_1956)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Xi (born 1956)">Li Xi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Kunming" title="Huang Kunming">Huang Kunming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Congress<br />Chairpersons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jianzhen" title="Li Jianzhen">Li Jianzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Tian" title="Luo Tian">Luo Tian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Ruo" title="Lin Ruo">Lin Ruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Senlin" title="Zhu Senlin">Zhu Senlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Guoying" title="Zhang Guoying">Zhang Guoying</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu_Zhonghe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu Zhonghe (page does not exist)">Lu Zhonghe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Liman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Liman (page does not exist)">Huang Liman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ou_Guangyuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ou Guangyuan (page does not exist)">Ou Guangyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Longyun" title="Huang Longyun">Huang Longyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Yumei" title="Li Yumei">Li Yumei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Chuping_(politician)" title="Huang Chuping (politician)">Huang Chuping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Guangdong" title="Governor of Guangdong">Governors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Zhu" title="Tao Zhu">Tao Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yu_(politician)" title="Chen Yu (politician)">Chen Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yongsheng" title="Huang Yongsheng">Huang Yongsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xingyuan" title="Liu Xingyuan">Liu Xingyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Sheng_(general)" title="Ding Sheng (general)">Ding Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Zhongxun" title="Xi Zhongxun">Xi Zhongxun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Tianfu" title="Liu Tianfu">Liu Tianfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Lingguang" title="Liang Lingguang">Liang Lingguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xuanping" title="Ye Xuanping">Ye Xuanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Senlin" title="Zhu Senlin">Zhu Senlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Ruihua" title="Lu Ruihua">Lu Ruihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Huahua" title="Huang Huahua">Huang Huahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xiaodan" title="Zhu Xiaodan">Zhu Xiaodan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ma Xingrui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Weizhong" title="Wang Weizhong">Wang Weizhong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference</a><br />Chairpersons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Zhu" title="Tao Zhu">Tao Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ou_Mengjue" title="Ou Mengjue">Ou Mengjue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Shoudao" title="Wang Shoudao">Wang Shoudao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Linping" title="Yin Linping">Yin Linping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Weilin" title="Liang Weilin">Liang Weilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Nansheng" title="Wu Nansheng">Wu Nansheng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guo_Rongchang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guo Rongchang (page does not exist)">Guo Rongchang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Fengyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Fengyi (page does not exist)">Liu Fengyi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Shaoji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Shaoji (page does not exist)">Chen Shaoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Longyun" title="Huang Longyun">Huang Longyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Mingguo" title="Zhu Mingguo">Zhu Mingguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Rong_(politician)" title="Wang Rong (politician)">Wang Rong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lin_Keqing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lin Keqing (page does not exist)">Lin Keqing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CLEP" title="Template:CLEP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CLEP" title="Template talk:CLEP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CLEP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CLEP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Chinese Lunar Exploration Program">Chinese Lunar Exploration Program</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">China National Space Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_space_program" title="Chinese space program">Chinese space program</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_1" title="Chang'e 1">Chang'e 1</a> (Oct 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_2" title="Chang'e 2">Chang'e 2</a> (Oct 2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_3" title="Chang'e 3">Chang'e 3</a> (Dec 2013) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yutu_(rover)" title="Yutu (rover)">Yutu rover</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5-T1" title="Chang'e 5-T1">Chang'e 5-T1</a> (Oct 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao relay satellite">Queqiao</a> (relay satellite, May 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4" title="Chang'e 4">Chang'e 4</a> (Dec 2018) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yutu-2" title="Yutu-2">Yutu-2</a> rover</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">Chang'e 5</a> (Nov 2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queqiao-2_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao-2 relay satellite">Queqiao 2</a></i> (relay satellite, Mar 2024) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiandu" title="Tiandu">Tiandu 1 and 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">Chang'e 6</a> (May 2024)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_7" title="Chang'e 7">Chang'e 7</a></i> (2026)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_8" title="Chang'e 8">Chang'e 8</a></i> (2028)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3A" title="Long March 3A">Long March 3A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3B" title="Long March 3B">Long March 3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3C" title="Long March 3C">Long March 3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_5" title="Long March 5">Long March 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_8" title="Long March 8">Long March 8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xichang_Satellite_Launch_Center" title="Xichang Satellite Launch Center">Xichang Satellite Launch Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenchang_Spacecraft_Launch_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site">Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingwei" title="Zhang Qingwei">Zhang Qingwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouyang_Ziyuan" title="Ouyang Ziyuan">Ouyang Ziyuan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ma Xingrui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Peijian" title="Ye Peijian">Ye Peijian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Category:Chinese Lunar Exploration Program"><b>Category</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chinese Lunar Exploration Program"><b>Commons</b></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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