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Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993 but previously had relations during [[World War II]] when Slovakia was a separate state, the [[Slovak Republic (1939–1945)|Slovak Republic]]. Germany has an embassy in [[Bratislava]]. Slovakia has an embassy in [[Berlin]], an embassy branch in [[Bonn]], and a consulate-general in [[Munich]]. Germany plays an important part in the Slovak economy as it is Slovakia's main trading partner. Both countries are full members of the [[European Union]], [[NATO]], [[Council of Europe]] and the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]]. ==History== ===Weimar Republic=== Parallel to the establishment of the [[Weimar Republic]], [[Czechoslovakia]] was born. Slovakia was a part of this new-born state. German diplomats in [[Bratislava]] and in [[Košice]] tried to influence Czechoslovak domestic policy by allying with factions of the [[Carpathian Germans]] and the [[Slovak People's Party]]. Both groups in their majority proved to be incompatible with German goals in the region. Weimar's policy failed.<ref>David X. Noack: ''Breaking up the Fortress on the Danube? German Policy towards Slovakia and Ruthenia, 1919–1933'', in: Aliaksandr Piahanau/Bojan Aleksov (eds.): ''Wars and Betweenness: Big Powers in Middle Europe 1918–1945'', Budapest/New York (NY): Central European University Press 2020, pp. 141–160.</ref> ===World War II=== During World War II, Slovakia was an ally of [[Nazi Germany]] as part of [[the Axis]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2005/EDUCATION/08/15/extra.world.war.two/index.html | work=CNN | title=Extra!: World War II | access-date=2010-05-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radio.cz/en/html/ceskoslovensko.html|title=Radio Prague - the international service of Czech Radio|website=Radio.cz|access-date=11 January 2018}}</ref> The [[Slovak Republic (1939–1945)|Slovak Republic]] under President [[Josef Tiso]] signed the [[Tripartite Pact]] on 24 November 1940. Slovakia had been closely aligned with Germany almost immediately from its declaration of independence from [[Czechoslovakia]] on 14 March 1939.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24246466.html?dids=24246466:24246466&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Mar+15%2C+1994&author=David+Rocks%2C+Special+to+the+Tribune.&pub=Chicago+Tribune+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=SLOVAKIA%27S+FIRST+YEAR+FILLED+WITH+POLITICAL+AMBIGUITY+%60NEW%27+NATION+STRUGGLES+AMID+CONTRADICTIONS&pqatl=google | work=Chicago Tribune | title=Slovakia's First Year Filled With Political Ambiguity 'New' Nation Struggles Amid Contradictions | first=David | last=Rocks | date=1994-03-15 }}{{dead link|date=July 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Slovakia entered into a [[treaty of protection]] ''Schutzvertrag'' with Germany on 23 March 1939. This treaty aligned Slovakia's foreign and defence policies with Germany, and allowed German troops to form a [[German Zone of Protection in Slovakia|protection zone]] in the western parts of Slovakia.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ulHIeQ34fHMC&dq=germany+slovakia+1993+relations+-czech&pg=PA191 A history of Slovakia.] S.J. Kirschbaum</ref> Slovak troops joined the German invasion of Poland, having interest in [[Spiš]] and [[Orava (region)|Orava]]. {{Citation needed|date=November 2015}} Those two regions (along with [[Cieszyn Silesia]]) were divided and disputed between Poland and Czechoslovakia since 1918, until the Poles fully annexed them following the Munich agreement. After the September Campaign, Slovakia reclaimed control of those territories. In July 1940, Germany successfully demanded the resignation of Slovak politicians who advocated an independent foreign policy at the [[Salzburg Conference]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jelínek |first1=Yeshayahu |title=Slovakia' Internal Policy and the Third Reich, August 1940–February 1941 |journal=Central European History |date=1971 |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=245–246 |doi=10.1017/S0008938900015363 |s2cid=145451318 |language=en |issn=1569-1616}}</ref> During the war, approximately 70,000 Slovak Jews were sent to [[concentration camp]]s to perish in [[the Holocaust]].<ref name="state"/> In September 1942, a Slovak-German treaty was signed detailing the conditions for the deportation of Slovak Jews.<ref name="nyt">{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/16/world/slovakia-s-surviving-jews-demand-compensation-from-germany.html | work=The New York Times | title=Slovakia's Surviving Jews Demand Compensation From Germany | first=Peter S. | last=Green | date=2002-11-16 | access-date=2010-05-03}}</ref> Slovakia was spared German military occupation until the [[Slovak National Uprising]], which began on 29 August 1944, and was crushed by the Waffen SS and Slovak troops loyal to Josef Tiso, dictator of Slovakia.{{Citation needed|date=November 2015}} ===Post World War II=== Following World War II, [[Slovak Socialist Republic]] became a communist state with the [[Czech Socialist Republic]] as [[Czechoslovakia]]. This continued until a peaceful [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia|dissolution in 1993]] into the Slovak Republic and [[Czech Republic]]. Relations during this period were primarily between the [[German Democratic Republic]] ([[East Germany]]) and Czechoslovakia under the [[Warsaw Pact]]. ===Post 1992=== Following the creation of democratic Slovakia and [[German reunification]], both countries traded under a free market economy. In March 2001, a German court rejected compensation complaints from Slovakia's surviving Jews from the Holocaust.<ref name="access">{{cite news| url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-22258255_ITM | work=Europe Intelligence Wire | title=German court sceptical of claims of Slovak Jews | date=2003-01-30}}</ref> Claims were rejected again in 2002.<ref name="nyt"/> In 2003, Slovak Jews made a collective claim of 77 million euros to Germany.<ref name="access"/> The 2003 lawsuit filed against Germany by the Central Union of Jewish Religious Communities in the Slovak Republic (UZZNO) was made to reclaim compensation for monies paid by the wartime Slovak government to Germany to cover the cost of Germany's deportation of 57,000 members of the country's Jewish population.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2008/108471.htm|title=Slovak Republic|website=State.gov|date=19 September 2008 |access-date=11 January 2018}}</ref> ==State visits== The following state visits have occurred in recent times:<ref name="ausw"/> German Federal President [[Horst Köhler]] visited Slovakia on 2 November 2005. German Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] paid her first official visit to the Slovak Republic on 11 May 2006. President [[Ivan Gašparovič]] visited Germany in July 2006. In the same month, the new Slovak Foreign Minister Kubiš paid his first official visit to Berlin. Prime Minister [[Robert Fico]] visited Germany in April 2007. ==Economic relations== Germany is Slovakia's largest trading partner.<ref name="state">{{cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3430.htm|title=Slovakia|website=State.gov|access-date=11 January 2018}}</ref> In 2003, Germany was the biggest investor in Slovakia, with its volume of direct investment at about 1.94 billion euro as of 31 March 2003. At the time, Germany made 26.4% of all foreign direct investments in Slovakia.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-24463851_ITM | work=Europe Intelligence Wire | title=Germany, the biggest investor in Slovakia | date=2003-09-22}}</ref> This trend has continued in 2009, around 400 German firms are active in Slovakia investing 2.5 billion euro, making Germany the biggest investor in Slovakia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/en/Laenderinformationen/Slowakei/090310-AntrittsbesuchAM,navCtx=274126.html |title=Diplo - Startseite - HTTP Status 404 |access-date=2009-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316110308/http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/en/Laenderinformationen/Slowakei/090310-AntrittsbesuchAM,navCtx=274126.html |archive-date=2012-03-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Car manufacturing=== In 1991, [[Volkswagen AG]] opened a factory in Bratislava. Revenue from the plant in 2003 was 4.5 billion euro.<ref name="acc">{{cite news| url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-21383280_ITM | work=Automotive News Europe | title=SUV demand helps VW plant.(News) | first=Lyle | last=Frink | date=2004-05-17}}</ref> By 2006, the company had invested 1.3 billion EUR in its operations and employed 9,000 staff at the time.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-28990637_ITM | work=Europe Intelligence Wire | title=Volkswagen Slovakia marks 15th anniversary | date=2006-12-19}}</ref> In April 2009, Volkswagen AG announced plans to build a new compact family vehicle in Slovakia. The company will invest about 308 million euros. VW currently builds its [[Volkswagen Touareg|Touareg]],<ref name="acc"/> [[Škoda Octavia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.automotiveworld.com/news/oems-and-markets/67485-slovakia-skoda-octavia-to-account-for-10-15-of-vw-bratislava-output|title=Slovakia: Skoda Octavia to account for 10-15% of VW Bratislava output - Automotive World|website=Automotiveworld.com|access-date=11 January 2018}}</ref> as well as its [[Audi Q7]] in Bratislava and employs about 7,800 people in the nation, which has emerged a major hub in the global car industry. [[Porsche]] also builds its Cayenne model in Bratislava.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/en/WillkommeninD/D-Informationen/Nachrichten/090423-2.html |title=Diplo - Startseite - HTTP Status 404 |access-date=2009-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316110406/http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/en/WillkommeninD/D-Informationen/Nachrichten/090423-2.html |archive-date=2012-03-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Cooperation== In 1997, the two countries signed a military cooperation agreement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F99F6349C10C260&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|title=NewsLibrary.com - newspaper archive, clipping service|website=Nl.newsbank.com|access-date=11 January 2018}}</ref> In 2003, an e-government partnership was developed between the countries with the assistance of [[Siemens]] and [[Microsoft]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-24476443_ITM | work=Europe Intelligence Wire | title=Germany/Slovakia - Siemens, Microsoft win e-govt deals | date=2003-09-22}}</ref> Key bilateral agreements include those on social insurance (instrument of ratification signed on 17 October 2003) and on road transport (signed on 14 June 2002).<ref name="ausw">{{Cite web |url=http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/en/Laenderinformationen/01-Laender/Slowakei.html |title=Federal Foreign OfficeSlovakia |access-date=2008-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081130105442/http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/en/Laenderinformationen/01-Laender/Slowakei.html |archive-date=2008-11-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==See also== * [[Foreign relations of Germany]] * [[Foreign relations of Slovakia]] * [[Slovak diaspora|Slovaks in Germany]] * [[Carpathian Germans|Germans in Slovakia]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/en/Laenderinformationen/01-Laender/Slowakei.html German Foreign Office about the relation with Slovakia] *[http://www.pressburg.diplo.de/ Germany embassy in Bratislava (in German and Slovak only)] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20111005080300/http://www.mfa.sk/zu/index/podstranka.php?id=1567 Slovak embassy in Berlin] {{Foreign relations of Germany}} {{Foreign relations of Slovakia}} {{Portal bar|Politics|Germany|Slovakia}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Germany-Slovakia relations}} [[Category:Germany–Slovakia relations| ]] [[Category:Bilateral relations of Germany|Slovakia]] [[Category:Bilateral relations of Slovakia]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a 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