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Sanitation Systems Perspective | SSWM - Find tools for sustainable sanitation and water management!
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This allows you to quickly navigate to the content of your particular interest while promoting the holistic understanding of sustainable sanitation and water management.</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="solution-outer-wrapper-right large-7 medium-7 small-12 columns"> <div class="field-wrapper field field--name-field-system-block field--type-block-field field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="-menu"> <h2 class="block-title" id="-menu">Choose a Perspective</h2> <ul class="menu"> <li class="menu-item" > <a href="/perspective/financing-water-impact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12745">Financing Water Impact</a> </li> <li class="menu-item" > <a href="/perspective/wain-replication-manual" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13208">WAIN Replication Manual</a> </li> <li class="menu-item" > <a href="/perspective/innovating-business-models" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12503">Innovating Business Models</a> </li> 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As in the first edition we present only proven <a href="https://sswm.info/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">technologies</a> that are appropriate for low- and middle-income settings. Also, we include only "improved" sanitation <a href="https://sswm.info/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">technologies</a>, featuring safe, hygienic, and accessible sanitation. In this eCompendium Perspective we present the whole range of urban, peri-urban and rural <a href="https://sswm.info/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">technologies</a> (e.g. from simple pits to conventional sewers).</p><p>The Compendium is also available in <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_French/compendium_fr_2016.pdf">French</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_Spanish_pdfs/compendio_sp.pdf">Spanish</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_2nd_pdfs/Compendium_Vietnamese.pdf">Vietnamese</a> and <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_Nepali_pdfs/Compendium_Nepali_final.pdf">Nepalese</a> – check the <a href="http://www.sandec.ch/compendium">Eawag-Sandec page</a> regularly for the publication of the Russian and Arabic editions!</p><h2><strong>Who is the target audience?</strong></h2><p>Engineers, planners, decision-makers, NGO staff and students concerned with sanitation in low and middle income countries.</p><h2><strong>What is the purpose?</strong></h2><p>A digital platform that offers easily accessible information and facilitates decision-making on sanitation systems and technologies.</p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </section> <section id="block-mbfactsheettranslatedlink" class="block-translate-link block-mbfactsheettranslatedlink block block-fws-features block-block-factsheet-translated-link"> </section> <section id="block-quicktabsperspectivecontenttabs" class="perspective-tabs column-layout block-quicktabsperspectivecontenttabs block block-quicktabs block-quicktabs-blockperspective-content-tabs"> <div class="quicktabs-wrapper" id="quicktabs-perspective_content_tabs"><ul class="quicktabs-tabs" role="tablist"><li role="tab" aria-controls="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-0" aria-selected="true" id="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-0" tabIndex="-1" class="active resume" tabindex="0"><a href="/quicktabs/nojs/perspective_content_tabs/0" class="quicktabs-loaded" data-quicktabs-tab-index="0" id="resume">Resume</a></li><li role="tab" aria-controls="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-1" aria-selected="false" id="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-1" tabIndex="-1" class="sections"><a href="/quicktabs/nojs/perspective_content_tabs/1" class="quicktabs-loaded" data-quicktabs-tab-index="1" id="sections">Sections</a></li><li role="tab" aria-controls="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-2" aria-selected="false" id="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-2" tabIndex="-1" class="factsheets"><a href="/quicktabs/nojs/perspective_content_tabs/2" class="quicktabs-loaded" data-quicktabs-tab-index="2" id="factsheets">Factsheets</a></li><li role="tab" aria-controls="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-3" aria-selected="false" id="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-3" tabIndex="-1" class="about"><a href="/quicktabs/nojs/perspective_content_tabs/3" class="quicktabs-loaded" data-quicktabs-tab-index="3" id="about">About</a></li></ul><div class="quicktabs-main" id="quicktabs-container-perspective_content_tabs"><div id="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-0" class="quicktabs-tabpage" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-0" tabindex="0"> <div class="quicktabs-block-title"></div> <div><div class="views-element-container"><div class="row perspective-grid-wrap pos-rel js-view-dom-id-469844b60b6eb03e7ca29d49cc941903ff2f74e181b7451caa8e66a9144d8943"> <div class="large-12 columns views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"> <h2><strong>What is the Sanitation Systems Perspective?</strong></h2><p>It is an interactive version of eawag's Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies, a compilation of appropriate sanitation technologies, plus a tool for combining technologies in a full system.</p><p>The Perspective's popularity is its brevity - ordering and structuring a huge range of information on <a href="https://sswm.info/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">tried and tested technologies</a>. As in the first edition we present only proven <a href="https://sswm.info/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">technologies</a> that are appropriate for low- and middle-income settings. Also, we include only "improved" sanitation <a href="https://sswm.info/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">technologies</a>, featuring safe, hygienic, and accessible sanitation. In this eCompendium Perspective we present the whole range of urban, peri-urban and rural <a href="https://sswm.info/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">technologies</a> (e.g. from simple pits to conventional sewers).</p><p>The Compendium is also available in <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_French/compendium_fr_2016.pdf">French</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_Spanish_pdfs/compendio_sp.pdf">Spanish</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_2nd_pdfs/Compendium_Vietnamese.pdf">Vietnamese</a> and <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_Nepali_pdfs/Compendium_Nepali_final.pdf">Nepalese</a> – check the <a href="http://www.sandec.ch/compendium">Eawag-Sandec page</a> regularly for the publication of the Russian and Arabic editions!</p><h2><strong>Who is the target audience?</strong></h2><p>Engineers, planners, decision-makers, NGO staff and students concerned with sanitation in low and middle income countries.</p><h2><strong>What is the purpose?</strong></h2><p>A digital platform that offers easily accessible information and facilitates decision-making on sanitation systems and technologies.</p> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-1" class="quicktabs-tabpage quicktabs-hide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-1" tabindex="0"> <div class="quicktabs-block-title"></div> <div><div class="views-element-container"><div class="view-wrapper sans vb-prespective-terms js-view-dom-id-ed5ff80dd1d15ee249f2f2b928091075e3eb38f8e8ff56c3411bada651eee4f9"> <div class="small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"><h2 class="field-content sans"><a href="/sanitation-systems/how-use">How to Use</a></h2></div> </div> </div> <div class="small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"><h2 class="field-content sans"><a href="/sanitation-systems/terminology">Terminology</a></h2></div> </div> </div> <div class="small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"><h2 class="field-content sans"><a href="/sanitation-systems/sanitation-systems">Sanitation Systems</a></h2></div> </div> </div> <div class="small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"><h2 class="field-content sans"><a href="/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies">Sanitation Technologies</a></h2></div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="perspective-grid-wrap js-view-dom-id-211b3c8b05e6b4a307996ca2c83e8d47654394f2263198fe1d7de3d1be6b6565"> <div class="view-content view-wrapper"> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-2" class="quicktabs-tabpage quicktabs-hide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-2" tabindex="0"> <div class="quicktabs-block-title"></div> <div><div class="views-element-container"><div class="view-wrapper sans view-infinite-scroll perspective-factsheets js-view-dom-id-54c6f579fa57f78c7a285fa6f9c24c8fb5faf310ddccf69b3316b6b929bff14a"> <div data-drupal-views-infinite-scroll-content-wrapper class="views-infinite-scroll-content-wrapper clearfix"> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Application of Stored Urine</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> Stored urine is a concentrated source of nutrients that can be applied as a liquid fertilizer in agriculture and replace all or some commercial…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/application-of-stored-urine'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Aerated Pond</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> An aerated pond is a large, mixed aerobic reactor. Mechanical aerators provide oxygen and keep the aerobic organisms suspended and mixed with water…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/aerated-pond'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Fill and Cover / Arborloo</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> To decommission a pit, it can simply be filled with soil and covered. Although there is no received benefit, the full pit poses no immediate health…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/fill-and-cover-/-arborloo'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Leach Field</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> A leach field, or drainage field, is a network of perforated pipes that are laid in underground gravel-filled trenches to dissipate the effluent…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/leach-field'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Waste Stabilization Ponds (WSP)</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> Waste Stabilization Ponds (WSPs) are large, man-made water bodies. The ponds can be used individually, or linked in a series for improved treatment…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/waste-stabilization-ponds-(wsp)'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Soak Pit</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> A soak pit, also known as a soakaway or leach pit, is a covered, porous-walled chamber that allows water to slowly soak into the ground. Pre-settled…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/soak-pit'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Fish Pond (Aquaculture)</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> Fish can be grown in ponds that receive effluent or sludge where they can feed on algae and other organisms that grow in the nutrient-rich water.…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/fish-pond-(aquaculture)'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Application of Dehydrated Faeces</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> When faeces are stored in the absence of moisture (i.e., urine), they [8251-dehydrate] into a crumbly, white-beige coarse, flaky material or powder…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/application-of-dehydrated-faeces'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Anaerobic Filter</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> An anaerobic filter is a fixed-bed biological reactor with one or more filtration chambers in series. As wastewater flows through the filter,…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/anaerobic-filter'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Activated Sludge</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> An activated sludge process refers to a multi-chamber reactor unit that makes use of highly concentrated microorganisms to degrade organics and…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/activated-sludge'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB)</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) is a single tank process. Wastewater enters the reactor from the bottom, and flows upward. A…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/upflow-anaerobic-sludge-blanket-reactor-(uasb)'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> An anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is an improved [8217-septic tank] with a series of baffles under which the wastewater is forced to flow. The…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/anaerobic-baffled-reactor-(abr)'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Trickling Filter</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> A trickling filter, is a fixed-bed, biological reactor that operates under (mostly) aerobic conditions. Pre-settled wastewater is continuously ‘…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/trickling-filter'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Septic Tank</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> A septic tank is a watertight chamber made of concrete, fibreglass, PVC or plastic, through which blackwater and greywater flows for primary…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/septic-tank'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="columns large-4 medium-4 small-12 views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content sans">Biogas Reactor</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fs-executive-sum"><span class="field-content"> A biogas reactor or anaerobic digester is an anaerobic treatment technology that produces (a) a digested slurry (digestate) that can be used as a…</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content button-inside"> <a href='/sanitation-systems/sanitation-technologies/biogas-reactor'>View Factsheet</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="js-pager__items pager" data-drupal-views-infinite-scroll-pager> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="button" href="?page=1" title="Load more items" rel="next">Load More</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="quicktabs-tabpage-perspective_content_tabs-3" class="quicktabs-tabpage quicktabs-hide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="quicktabs-tab-perspective_content_tabs-3" tabindex="0"> <div class="quicktabs-block-title"></div> <div><div class="views-element-container"><div class="row perspective-grid-wrap pos-rel js-view-dom-id-93f2f39681862109f8b115fcb4ce31e4b8ddbca8a2a72343a47313011002baa8"> <div class="large-12 columns views-row"> <div class="view-row-wrapper"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-about-tab"><div class="field-content"> <p></p><h2><strong>Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies</strong></h2><div><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/toolbox/2014_Compendium_Cover_Bild.jpg" /></div><div><span>The Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies was first published in 2008 during the International Year of Sanitation, and the Second Edition will be published in 2014. The document's popularity is its brevity - ordering and structuring a huge range of information on tried and tested technologies in a single document. As in the first edition we present only proven technologies that are appropriate for low- and middle-income settings. Also, we include only "improved" sanitation technologies, featuring safe, hygienic, and accessible sanitation. In this eCompendium edition we present the whole range of urban, peri-urban and rural technologies (e.g. from simple pits to conventional sewers).</span></div><div>Downloadable versions of the compendium are available in <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_2nd_pdfs/Compendium_2nd_Ed_Lowres_1p.pdf" target="_blank">English</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_French/compendium_fr_2016.pdf" target="_blank">French</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_Spanish_pdfs/compendio_sp.pdf" target="_blank">Spanish</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_2nd_pdfs/Compendium_Vietnamese.pdf">Vietnamese</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_1st/compendium_korean.pdf">Korean (DPRK)</a>, <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_Nepali_pdfs/Compendium_Nepali_final.pdf" target="_blank">Nepali</a> and <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/Domain1/Abteilungen/sandec/schwerpunkte/sesp/CLUES/Compendium_2nd_pdfs/arabic_compendium.pdf">Arabic</a>.</div><div>You can order a hardcopy or download the PDF <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/en/department/sandec/publications/" target="_blank">here</a>.</div><div> </div><h3><strong>Funding Partners</strong></h3><div><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)<br /> <a href="www.deza.admin.ch">www.deza.admin.ch</a></p> </td> <td><img alt="SDC Logo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="53fc6260-d156-4a43-b88f-ae1eab22fb85" height="88" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/SDC1.png" width="195" class="align-center" /> <p> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC)<br /> <a href="http://www.wsscc.org">http://www.wsscc.org</a></p> </td> <td><img alt="WSSCC Logo" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="9a37bbd3-335d-4640-a09a-8d02ee07ee55" height="67" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/wsscc_0.png" width="182" class="align-center" /> <p> </p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table></div><p> </p><div><h3>Created by</h3><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div>Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology<br /> <a href="http://www.eawag.ch/forschung/sandec/index_EN">http://www.eawag.ch/forschung/sandec/index_EN</a></div> </td> <td><img alt="" src="/sites/ecompendium.sswm.info/files/imce/pages/Logo%20Eawag.PNG" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div>seecon international gmbh<br /> <a 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