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src="https://cdn.britannica.com/39/126239-003-BDDB97FB.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Pierre-Iberville/489799">Iberville, Pierre</a> </dd> <dl>(1661–1706). Pierre Iberville was a French Canadian naval hero and explorer. He is best known for his adventures in the regions of Hudson Bay and Louisiana. Early Life Pierre…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/27/138927-003-684096E5.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/ibis/390771">ibis</a> </dd> <dl>Ibises are birds with long, slender bills that curve downward. They are wading birds, meaning that they typically walk through shallow water when feeding. They usually feed,…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/73/163973-003-1FEA1B2C.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Ibn-Battutah/598852">Ibn Battutah</a> </dd> <dl>Ibn Battutah was a Muslim traveler who explored a large area of the world almost 700 years ago. In all, he traveled some 75,000 miles (120,000 kilometers). Ibn Battutah…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/85/167185-003-2DBA71C0.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Abdullah-Ibrahim/602058">Ibrahim, Abdullah</a> </dd> <dl>Abdullah Ibrahim is a South African musician and composer. His music is a combination of traditional South African music, jazz, and classical music. He was known as Dollar…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/16/64916-003-E507C7A6.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/ice-age/353280">ice age</a> </dd> <dl>An ice age is a time when thick ice sheets called glaciers cover huge areas of land. An ice age may last for millions of years and can cause big changes to Earth’s surface.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/37/239937-003-A4BC3D5B.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/ice-skating/437405">ice skating</a> </dd> <dl>Ice skating is both a pleasant hobby and a competitive sport. Ice skaters glide across ice wearing skates—shoes or boots with metal blades attached to the bottom. People…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/28/84428-003-2E85C34A.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/iceberg/353281">iceberg</a> </dd> <dl>A huge chunk of ice floating in the ocean is called an iceberg. Many icebergs are the size of houses or large buildings. Most of their size, however, is hidden underwater.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/85/1485-003-311E8BF6.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iceland/345706">Iceland</a> </dd> <dl>The island country of Iceland is a scenic land of volcanoes and glaciers. Though its closest neighbor is Greenland, it is a part of Europe. The capital is Reykjavík.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/36/88736-003-06FE996F.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Ichthyosaurus/390067">Ichthyosaurus</a> </dd> <dl>Ichthyosaurus is an extinct reptile that lived in water. Its name means “fish lizard.” Ichthyosaurus belonged to a larger group of reptiles called ichthyosaurs. Ichthyosaurs…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/61/95561-003-5F73653A.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/ʿId-al-Adha/571632">ʿId al-Adha</a> </dd> <dl>ʿId al-Adha is an important festival in Islam. It is held each year to mark the end of the hajj. The hajj is a pilgrimage, or religious journey, that many Muslims make to…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/00/261000-003-DA3E2F24.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/ʿId-al-Fitr/544625">ʿId al-Fitr</a> </dd> <dl>ʿId al-Fitr, also spelled Eid al-Fitr, is a festival that marks the end of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims do not…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/97/207797-003-309D2785.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Idaho/345480">Idaho</a> </dd> <dl>Most of the U.S. state of Idaho lies in the highlands of the Rocky Mountains. The state is known for its natural beauty. In addition to towering mountains it features…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/33/68133-003-7A5F3339.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Idaho-at-a-glance/627598">Idaho at a glance</a> </dd> <dl>Idaho is a U.S. state known for its natural beauty. The state contains some of the largest unspoiled natural areas in the United States. Idaho was admitted as the 43rd state…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/57/239257-003-2FD9D77E.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Jovita-Idár/636230">Idár, Jovita</a> </dd> <dl>Jovita Idár was a Mexican American journalist, teacher, and activist. She fought against the racism and discrimination that Mexican Americans experienced in Texas during her…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/66/194566-003-9A177025.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iditarod/390068">Iditarod</a> </dd> <dl>Every March the excitement of the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race grips Alaska. The race covers about 1,100 miles (1,770 kilometers) between the cities of Anchorage and Nome.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/10/64110-003-580E5DDE.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/igneous-rock/476280">igneous rock</a> </dd> <dl>Igneous rock is one of three types of rock found on Earth. The others are called sedimentary and metamorphic. How Igneous Rock Is Formed Igneous rock is formed from a soft,…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/79/123979-003-CC908F4D.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/iguana/353282">iguana</a> </dd> <dl>Iguanas are reptiles that belong to a large family of lizards. They are often seen sunning themselves on branches overhanging water. If disturbed, they plunge into the water.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/64/8064-003-753BC808.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iguanodon/390069">Iguanodon</a> </dd> <dl>The second dinosaur ever to be discovered was Iguanodon. The name Iguanodon means “iguana tooth.” Scientists chose this name because the teeth of Iguanodon looked very…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/05/175205-003-42B6E005.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iguazú-Falls/353283">Iguazú Falls</a> </dd> <dl>The spectacular Iguazú Falls are located on a stretch of the Iguazú River that forms the boundary between Brazil and Argentina. Both the river and the falls get their name…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/05/197505-003-795CAF09.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Illinois/345481">Illinois</a> </dd> <dl>The state of Illinois lies in the Midwestern heartland of the United States. It presents a striking contrast between city and small-town life. Illinois is generally thought…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/35/68135-003-3F7B4E8E.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Illinois-at-a-glance/627486">Illinois at a glance</a> </dd> <dl>Illinois is a Midwestern state. It stretches 385 miles (620 kilometers) from the border of Wisconsin in the north to where the Mississippi and Ohio rivers meet in the south.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/54/95454-003-A94653ED.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Illinois-Quick-Facts/630719">Illinois: Quick Facts</a> </dd> <dl>Some important facts about Illinois are highlighted in the lists below. Capital: Springfield Nicknames: Prairie State, Land of Lincoln Motto: “State Sovereignty, National…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/37/3437-003-3DB45881.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/illusion/477170">illusion</a> </dd> <dl>An illusion is something that is not what it seems to be. Illusions happen when a person’s eyes, ears, or sense of touch are deceived, or tricked, in some way. Types of…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/79/82679-003-9A2B2D7F.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/immigration/399508">immigration</a> </dd> <dl>Questions To Think About What do you know about immigration? Here are some things to think about as you read this article: What makes someone want to leave their home and…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/74/183474-003-4B7153A4.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/immigration-to-Australia/630195">immigration to Australia</a> </dd> <dl>In 1788 the 11 ships of the First Fleet, carrying about 1,000 British people, landed in Australia. Since then, millions of people have migrated to Australia from countries…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/33/94933-003-0B511531.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/immune-system/353285">immune system</a> </dd> <dl>Most living things try to protect themselves from harm. Animals have a special protection called the immune system. The immune system protects the body from substances called…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/90/249090-003-E8FD846B.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/impala/602059">impala</a> </dd> <dl>The impala is an antelope of eastern and southern Africa. The scientific name of the impala is Aepyceros melampus. Where Impalas Live Impalas are found from southern Africa…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/10/181110-003-B3DA94AB.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/impeachment/390041">impeachment</a> </dd> <dl>Impeachment is a process by which a government official is charged with a crime. A legislature, or lawmaking body, handles an impeachment. In the United States the two houses…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/84/182984-003-09435EE0.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/impetigo/610122">impetigo</a> </dd> <dl>Impetigo is a contagious, or catching, skin infection. It is caused by the bacteria Streptococcus or Staphylococcus. Impetigo is the most-common skin infection among…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/32/159732-003-6E0B6308.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Impressionism/390042">Impressionism</a> </dd> <dl>The art movement known as Impressionism developed in the late 1800s in France. There a group of young painters began using daring new techniques to capture ordinary scenes at…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/56/127956-003-4C2DEEAE.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Inauguration-Day/628622">Inauguration Day</a> </dd> <dl>In the United States, Inauguration Day is the day the person elected to be the president (or the president-elect) officially becomes president. It takes place every four…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/65/95465-003-945D81DD.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Inca/353286">Inca</a> </dd> <dl>The Inca people once ruled a vast empire in the Andes Mountains of South America. Their capital was Cuzco, in what is now Peru. The Inca Empire included about 12 million…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/85/184685-003-A969EB95.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Independence-Day/400595">Independence Day</a> </dd> <dl>Many countries celebrate the day that they became independent. In the United States that day is the Fourth of July, which is also called Independence Day. Independence Day…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/97/1597-003-C8F953FF.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/India/345707">India</a> </dd> <dl>India’s culture is one of the oldest and richest in the world. The capital is New Delhi. Geography Much of India’s territory is a peninsula that extends into the Indian…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/28/238328-003-43342143.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indian-Child-Welfare-Act/635600">Indian Child Welfare Act</a> </dd> <dl>The Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) was enacted to keep Native children within their families or tribal communities. The ICWA provides guidance and standards for U.S. states…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/77/60377-003-77D1E76E.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indian-literature/353287">Indian literature</a> </dd> <dl>The first people in what is now India to write down their stories were the Aryans. From about 1500 bce the Aryans wrote literature in the Sanskrit language. The Sanskrit…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/91/89891-003-6C5AF355.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indian-Ocean/346145">Indian Ocean</a> </dd> <dl>Long before the larger Atlantic and Pacific oceans had been well explored, the Indian Ocean was a bustling region of travel and trade. More than 2,000 years ago, traders…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/57/247457-003-6696CE1C.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indian-Removal-Act/643695">Indian Removal Act</a> </dd> <dl>Many Indigenous tribes lived within the borders of U.S. states during the first few decades of American independence. The U.S. government officially respected the rights of…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/20/197520-003-714FB881.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indiana/345482">Indiana</a> </dd> <dl>The U.S. state of Indiana calls itself the Crossroads of America because it sits in the heart of the Midwest. Indiana’s people are often called Hoosiers, though it is unclear…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/68140-003-5D43E3DE.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indiana-at-a-glance/627599">Indiana at a glance</a> </dd> <dl>Indiana is a Midwestern state. With the exception of Hawaii, it is the smallest state west of the Appalachian Mountains. Indiana’s residents are known as Hoosiers, but it is…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/49/193949-003-33885954.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indiana-Dunes-National-Park/633074">Indiana Dunes National Park</a> </dd> <dl>Indiana Dunes National Park is located along the southern shore of Lake Michigan in northwestern Indiana. It stretches along the lakeshore for 15 miles (24 kilometers) and…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/182240-003-32833643.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indiana-Quick-Facts/630838">Indiana: Quick Facts</a> </dd> <dl>Some important facts about Indiana are highlighted in the lists below. Capital: Indianapolis Nickname: Hoosier State Motto: “Crossroads of America” Date Indiana became a…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/21/64621-003-372D2239.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indianapolis/345922">Indianapolis</a> </dd> <dl>Indianapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana. The city lies on the White River. It is famous for hosting a yearly sports event—the Indianapolis 500 car race. The…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/32/191432-003-D754791B.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indigenous-and-European-Contact-in-Australia/629074">Indigenous and European Contact in Australia</a> </dd> <dl>In 1788 boats carrying British citizens landed on the shores of Australia. That expedition, called the First Fleet, was the beginning of the British colonization of…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/52/174852-003-A11A1C66.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indigenous-Australian-Country/629049">Indigenous Australian Country</a> </dd> <dl>To the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, every aspect of their lives and well-being is connected to the land and to nature. The term Country is used…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/60/187460-003-0CFA4431.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indigenous-Australians-and-the-Environment/629073">Indigenous Australians and the Environment</a> </dd> <dl>The land and waters of Australia are of great importance to the culture, beliefs, identity, and way of life for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. This…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/85/234885-003-8A3457F9.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indigenous-Peoples-Day/634825">Indigenous Peoples' Day</a> </dd> <dl>Indigenous Peoples’ Day is a holiday that recognizes the Indigenous peoples of the United States: American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians. The day is also…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/04/95704-003-3A595245.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indigenous-Peoples-of-the-Americas/353288">Indigenous Peoples of the Americas</a> </dd> <dl>The Indigenous peoples, or original inhabitants, of the Americas lived there for thousands of years before European explorers arrived. Many of these peoples still live in…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/48/1648-003-970F44D9.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indonesia/345708">Indonesia</a> </dd> <dl>The country of Indonesia is made up of about 17,500 islands. It is the largest country, both in area and in population, in Southeast Asia. The capital is Jakarta. Geography…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/92/89892-003-21F5C255.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indus-River/346146">Indus River</a> </dd> <dl>One of the longest rivers in the world, the Indus has long been a vital feature of the land now covered by India and Pakistan. The Indus Valley was the site of one of the…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/59/64959-003-69507025.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Indus-Valley-civilization/353289">Indus Valley civilization</a> </dd> <dl>One of the first civilizations in the world developed in the valley of the Indus River in Asia. It occupied both sides of what is now the border between Pakistan and India.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/34/193634-003-7E7D7234.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Industrial-Revolution/353290">Industrial Revolution</a> </dd> <dl>The Industrial Revolution was a period of major changes in the way products are made. It took place more than 200 years ago and greatly affected the way people lived as well…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/55/93155-003-5051CA25.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/industry/400596">industry</a> </dd> <dl>An industry is a group of businesses that make or sell similar products or perform similar services. Farms are part of the agricultural industry. Factories are part of…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/95/94695-003-2789F241.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/influenza/390967">influenza</a> </dd> <dl>Influenza, or flu, is a common illness of the respiratory, or breathing, system. Germs called viruses cause influenza. The viruses invade the nose, throat, and lungs. The…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/85/182985-003-745912DC.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Mick-Inkpen/605763">Inkpen, Mick</a> </dd> <dl>Mick Inkpen is an English children’s author and illustrator. He created the popular characters Kipper the puppy and Wibbly Pig. Inkpen won many awards for his work, including…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/21/139521-003-9D76606E.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Inquisition/353291">Inquisition</a> </dd> <dl>In the 1200s the Roman Catholic Church set up a court called the Inquisition. The Inquisition examined people accused of heresy, or going against church teachings. The…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/45/102445-003-D320093D.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/insect/353292">insect</a> </dd> <dl>The insects are the largest group of animals. In fact, about 75 percent of all animals are insects. Insects developed on Earth long before humans did. Today there are about 1…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/78/166078-003-369A127C.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/insulators-and-conductors/476281">insulators and conductors</a> </dd> <dl>Materials that conduct heat or electricity are known as conductors. Materials that do not conduct heat or electricity are known as insulators. Insulators and conductors have…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/72/93572-003-D1E3B157.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/internal-combustion-engine/399511">internal-combustion engine</a> </dd> <dl>Engines powered by internal combustion run cars, airplanes, lawn mowers, and other machines. Combustion means “burning.” Fuel, usually gasoline, burns inside an…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/56/222156-003-987B0932.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/International-Womens-Day/602161">International Women's Day</a> </dd> <dl>International Women’s Day is a holiday that honors women and promotes women’s rights. It takes place every year on March 8. International Women’s Day dates back to 1911, when…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/53/193253-003-4CEB59E1.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Internet/353293">Internet</a> </dd> <dl>The Internet is a network, or system, that connects millions of computers worldwide. It was one of the greatest inventions of the 1900s. Since its beginning, the Internet has…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/14/74314-003-96B5ED79.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/intestines/353294">intestines</a> </dd> <dl>Intestines are organs, or body parts, that are shaped like long tubes. They help break down food so that the body can use it for energy. This is part of the process called…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/73/163173-003-A9793F9E.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Intolerable-Acts/601072">Intolerable Acts</a> </dd> <dl>The Intolerable Acts (also called the Coercive Acts) were harsh laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774. They were meant to punish the American colonists for the Boston…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/219240-003-84CE8174.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Inuit/353295">Inuit</a> </dd> <dl>The Inuit are native people of the Arctic regions. They live in Greenland, Alaska, Canada, and eastern Russia. They have different names for themselves, but they prefer to be…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/23/103523-003-9DBF1362.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/inventors-at-a-glance/608619">inventors at a glance</a> </dd> <dl>About 2 million years ago, people started making tools from stone. Since then, humans have continued to think of ways to make their lives easier or better. People who think…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/47/93547-003-85DD5234.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/invertebrate/437406">invertebrate</a> </dd> <dl>An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone. (An animal with a backbone is called a vertebrate.) Invertebrates live in every part of the world. In fact, most of the…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/37/232337-003-59BD7F7C.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Invictus-Games/634301">Invictus Games</a> </dd> <dl>The Invictus Games are an international sporting competition. The competitors are wounded men and women who have served in their country’s military (veterans) or are still…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/68/132468-003-19DEC7C5.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/iodine/353297">iodine</a> </dd> <dl>Iodine is a chemical element that turns into a purple-colored gas at room temperature. The name iodine comes from a Greek word meaning “violet.” Scientists use symbols to…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/79/93079-003-9538491E.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iowa/353298">Iowa</a> </dd> <dl>The Native Americans known as the Iowa (or Ioway) once lived near the Great Lakes. By the 1700s, however, they had moved to what is now the state of Iowa. The state was named…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/98/207798-003-0EB96E05.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iowa/345483">Iowa</a> </dd> <dl>The U.S. state of Iowa is one of the most productive farming areas in the United States. It is sometimes called the Tall Corn State because that crop grows well there. Iowa’s…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/41/68141-003-2CA0BE38.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iowa-at-a-glance/627600">Iowa at a glance</a> </dd> <dl>Iowa is a U.S. state that lies in the Midwestern region of the country. With the Mississippi on its east and the Missouri on its west, Iowa is the only state that has two…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/81/91881-003-5FB5DBE2.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/iPod/490038">iPod</a> </dd> <dl>The iPod is a portable music player. It was first released in 2001 by Apple, Inc. Originally, it could only work with Macintosh computers. In 2002, however, Apple released a…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/07/115707-003-D3941AB9.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iqaluit/443500">Iqaluit</a> </dd> <dl>Iqaluit is the capital of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. Nunavut was created as a homeland for the Inuit people in 1999. Iqaluit is located on Baffin Island in the…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/22/1722-003-5090DED5.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iran/345709">Iran</a> </dd> <dl>Iran is a country of southwest Asia. For much of its history Iran was known as Persia to the outside world. However, the people of the region have called their country Iran…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/59/196359-003-B64223BC.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iran-Iraq-War/399512">Iran-Iraq War</a> </dd> <dl>Differences between the neighboring countries of Iran and Iraq led to war in 1980. The fighting lasted for eight years. The Iran-Iraq War brought terrible destruction to both…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/28/1728-003-5AA09C05.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iraq/345710">Iraq</a> </dd> <dl>The country of Iraq covers the region known since ancient times as Mesopotamia, a Greek word meaning “land between the rivers.” The fertile valley between the Tigris and…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/01/98301-003-B1CEB5E0.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iraq-War/571634">Iraq War</a> </dd> <dl>The Iraq War was a conflict in Iraq, a country in the Middle East. The war lasted from 2003 to 2011. It had two phases, or parts. The first phase took place from March to…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/33/1733-003-A38A2AFA.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Ireland/345711">Ireland</a> </dd> <dl>Known as the Emerald Isle, Ireland is famous for its green countryside. Throughout much of its history, Ireland fought against rule by other countries. Most of the island…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/02/95102-003-96388D0C.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/iris/390321">iris</a> </dd> <dl>Irises are popular garden flowers. They are known for their wide variety of colors and their unique petal shapes. There are about 300 species, or types, of iris. They grow…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/57/115557-003-5BB2AB21.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Irish-literature/353300">Irish literature</a> </dd> <dl>For the past 800 years the history of the Irish people has been shaped by their relationship with the English, who controlled their country for much of that time. The…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/48/201748-003-34C1F890.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Irish-Republican-Army/476282">Irish Republican Army</a> </dd> <dl>The Irish Republican Army, or IRA, was an unofficial military organization made up of people who wanted an end to British rule in Northern Ireland. Members of the IRA wanted…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/08/8108-003-10C94089.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Irish-setter/473783">Irish setter</a> </dd> <dl>The Irish setter is a breed, or type, of dog that is known for its deep red coat of hair. It was developed in the early 1700s in Ireland to locate birds for hunters. It is…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/54/197554-003-160374CB.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/iron/353301">iron</a> </dd> <dl>Iron is the most widely used metal on Earth. Iron is used to make steel. In turn, steel is used to make buildings, bridges, railroad tracks, vehicles of all kinds, and…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/97/41297-003-E58A0CD8.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Iron-Age/353302">Iron Age</a> </dd> <dl>The Iron Age was a time in early human history when people began to use tools and weapons made of iron. The Iron Age started and ended at different times in different places.…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/83/73183-003-E97B070D.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/irrigation/353304">irrigation</a> </dd> <dl>Irrigation is what farmers do when they add water to their fields. The water makes their crops grow. Irrigation takes the place of rainfall in dry regions. It can greatly…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/61/10761-003-E3BCA25E.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Washington-Irving/353305">Irving, Washington</a> </dd> <dl>(1783–1859). One of the first American writers, Washington Irving wrote popular short stories including “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “Rip Van Winkle”. Many of his…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/50/171450-003-27AEC3E5.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/iSimangaliso-Wetland-Park/602060">iSimangaliso Wetland Park</a> </dd> <dl>The iSimangaliso Wetland Park is South Africa’s third largest nature reserve and the country’s largest protected wetlands. The word iSimangaliso means “miracle” in the…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/96/93396-003-1AE0C897.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Isis-and-Osiris/353306">Isis and Osiris</a> </dd> <dl>Isis and Osiris were among the most important gods in ancient Egyptian mythology. Osiris was the god of the dead. He was also the god of crops and plentiful growth. Isis was…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/76/3876-003-AA943CB9.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Islam/353307">Islam</a> </dd> <dl>Islam is one of the world’s major religions. Its founder was Muhammad. The religion has more than 1.5 billion followers worldwide. Most of the followers of Islam, called…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/20/81120-003-EEADFDB4.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Islamabad/345923">Islamabad</a> </dd> <dl>Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan, a country in southern Asia. Meadows, low mountains, and hilly plains surround the city. Its name means “City of Islam” or “City of…</dl> </li> <li> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Islamic-State-in-Iraq-and-the-Levant/626493">Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant</a> </dd> <dl>The Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant is an extremist Islamic militant group. It operates out of western Iraq and eastern Syria. The group is also known as the Islamic…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/13/91613-003-59F927EB.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/island/346147">island</a> </dd> <dl>An island is an area of land that is surrounded by water. Islands can be found in all bodies of water, from streams and rivers to lakes, seas, and oceans. The two main types…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/76/117876-003-646D8961.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Isle-Royale-National-Park/633075">Isle Royale National Park</a> </dd> <dl>Isle Royale National Park is in northwestern Michigan. The park includes Isle Royale, the largest island in Lake Superior, as well as more than 400 smaller islands that…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/53/1753-003-B1007011.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Israel/345712">Israel</a> </dd> <dl>The country of Israel, located in the Middle East, was founded in 1948. It was the first homeland for the Jewish people in nearly 2,000 years. Because Israel lies in…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/11/64611-003-7CA2EF2A.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Istanbul/346148">Istanbul</a> </dd> <dl>Istanbul is the largest city in the country of Turkey. A channel of water called the Bosporus divides the city into two parts. One part of Istanbul is in Europe, while the…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/12440-003-4D3B12AA.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Italian-literature/353309">Italian literature</a> </dd> <dl>In ancient times the people of what is now Italy spoke and wrote in Latin, the language of the Roman Empire. Over time the Latin spoken in the area took on a character of its…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/59/1759-003-EEC1C345.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Italy/345713">Italy</a> </dd> <dl>The European country of Italy is shaped like a high-heeled boot. Two thousand years ago the capital of Italy, Rome, was the center of an empire that ruled most of the known…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/28/244228-003-1CC296C1.jpg" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Larry-Itliong/634086">Itliong, Larry</a> </dd> <dl>Larry Itliong was a Filipino-born U.S. activist. He was an important labor organizer and fought for the rights of migrant farmworkers, especially for Filipino (people from…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/10740-003-4433859F.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/Ivan-IV/437705">Ivan IV</a> </dd> <dl>Ivan IV ruled the country of Russia from 1533 to 1584. In 1547 he became Russia’s first tsar. The tsar was the country’s highest leader at that time. Although Ivan made…</dl> </li> <li> <div class="thumb"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/28/60028-003-E132BEB8.gif" alt=""/></div> <dd> <a href="/kids/article/ivory/439038">ivory</a> </dd> <dl>Ivory is a white, smooth, solid substance that comes mainly from the tusks of elephants. For many years it was used to make piano keys (sometimes called the “ivories”),…</dl> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="shared-pusher"></div> </div> <div id="shared-footer"> <div class="footer-container container"> <ul class="mt-5 mt-sm-0"> <li><a href="/about">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://corporate.britannica.com/contact/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://corporate.britannica.com/privacy-policy/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Privacy Notice</a></li> <li><a href="https://corporate.britannica.com/termsofuse.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a href="https://corporate.britannica.com/diversity" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Diversity</a></li> </ul> ©2024 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. </div> </div> <div class="bk-cookie-alert-snackbar bk-snackbar container" data-toggle="snackbar"> <div class="bk-snackbar-content text-uppercase font-weight-700"> By continuing to use this site, you consent to the terms of our cookie policy, which can be found in our <a href="http://corporate.britannica.com/privacy-policy/" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a>. </div> <div class="bk-snackbar-dismiss" data-toggle="dismiss">×</div> </div> <script src="/resources/dist/kids-webapp.js?v=1.22.12"></script> <script src="/resources/js/libs/underscore.js?v=1.22.12"></script> <script src="//content.jwplatform.com/libraries/VGqLaTNh.js"></script> <script> window.EB = EB || {}; EB.Page.init(''); </script> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-6636134-22', 'auto'); ga('set', 'dimension1', 'ANONYMOUS'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> </body> </html>

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