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<!doctype html><html><head><title>View article</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="referrer" content="always"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=2"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"><meta name="description" content="‪S Freud‬, ‪Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class, 1993‬"><meta property="og:description" content="‪S Freud‬, ‪Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class, 1993‬"><meta property="og:title" content="‪" Genuine Negro Fun": Racial Pleasure and Class Formation in the 1840s‬"><meta property="og:image" content=""><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta name="twitter:card" 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Try again later.</div><div id="gs_md_s"></div><div data-h="800" class="gs_md_wnw gs_md_ds gs_md_wmw"><div id="gs_md_cita-d" class="gs_md_d gs_md_ds gs_ttzi" role="dialog" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="gs_md_cita-d-t" data-cid="gs_md_cita-l" data-wfc="gs_md_cita-d-x"><div class="gs_md_hdr"><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="gs_md_cita-d-x" role="button" aria-label="Cancel" data-mdx="gs_md_cita-d" class="gs_btnCLS gs_md_x gs_md_hdr_c gs_in_ib gs_btn_lrge"><span class="gs_ico"></span><span class="gs_ia_notf"></span><span class="gs_lbl"></span></a><h2 id="gs_md_cita-d-t" class="gs_md_hdr_t"></h2><div class="gs_md_hdr_b"><button type="button" id="gs_md_cita-b-save" aria-label="Save" class="gs_btnDNW gs_in_ib gs_btn_act gs_btn_half gs_btn_lsb"><span class="gs_wr"><span class="gs_ico"></span><span class="gs_lbl"></span></span></button></div></div><div id="gs_md_cita-d-bdy" class="gs_md_bdy"><style>#gs_md_cita-d{width:90%;max-width:1000px;}.gs_el_ph 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0;color:#e2e2e2;text-decoration:underline;}#gs_alrt_m a:active{color:#f6aea9}</style><form action="" method="post" id="gs_alrt"><span id="gs_alrt_m"></span><span id="gs_alrt_h"></span><a id="gs_alrt_l" href="javascript:void(0)" class="gs_fm_s" data-fm="gs_alrt"></a></form><div id="gs_bdy"><div id="gs_bdy_sb" role="navigation"><div id="gs_bdy_sb_in"><div id="gsc_sb_ui" class="gs_bdy_sb_sec"><a href="/citations?user=N80kIiYAAAAJ&hl=en" class="gs_ibl"><span class="gs_rimg gs_pp_sm"><img alt="Sigmund Freud" sizes="39px" src="https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/citations?view_op=small_photo&user=N80kIiYAAAAJ&citpid=2" srcset="https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/citations?view_op=small_photo&user=N80kIiYAAAAJ&citpid=2 39w,https://scholar.googleusercontent.com/citations?view_op=view_photo&user=N80kIiYAAAAJ&citpid=2 89w" width="39" height="56"></span></a><div><a href="/citations?user=N80kIiYAAAAJ&hl=en">Sigmund Freud</a></div></div></div></div><div id="gs_bdy_ccl" role="main"><div id="gsc_vcpb" data-edit-link="/citations?view_op=edit_citation&hl=en&user=N80kIiYAAAAJ&sortby=title&citation_for_view=N80kIiYAAAAJ:flPEzZr4-V4C&citation_for_view=N80kIiYAAAAJ:flPEzZr4-V4C&back_view_op=view_citation"><form method="post" id="gsc_vcpb_btns" action="/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en"><input type="hidden" name="xsrf" value="ADIE8skAAAAAZ0iK8S3jnt7dtk9iVGjw1xTQXUI"><input type="hidden" name="s" value="N80kIiYAAAAJ:flPEzZr4-V4C"><input type="hidden" name="continue" value="/citations?view_op=list_works&hl=en&hl=en&user=N80kIiYAAAAJ&sortby=title"></form><div id="gsc_oci_title_wrapper"><div id="gsc_oci_title"><a class="gsc_oci_title_link" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=16055289613255374456&hl=en&oi=scholarr" data-clk="hl=en&sa=T&ei=cTlHZ8ufIKm-y9YP7_zFiAE">" Genuine Negro Fun": Racial Pleasure and Class Formation in the 1840s</a></div></div><div id="gsc_oci_table"><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Authors</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">Sigmund Freud</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Publication date</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">1993</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Journal</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Pages</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">136</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Publisher</div><div class="gsc_oci_value">Oxford University Press, USA</div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Description</div><div class="gsc_oci_value" id="gsc_oci_descr"><div class="gsh_small"><div class="gsh_csp">Sometime in the winter of 1842-43 four irregularly employed circus and minstrel men, in one of the numberless small hotels that lined the Bowery, hit upon the idea of a blackface minstrel band. The band would soon be called the Virginia Minstrels, and it was the first troupe of its kind to form in New York City. Although the story is variously told, all accounts agree that this happy occurrence came about quite by accident. Sitting in the North American Hotel, Dan Emmett, Billy Whitlock, Dick Pelham, and Frank Brower one day decided to descend upon the Bowery Circus with fiddle, banjo, tambourine, and bones and treat one of its proprietors to what Emmett termed a" charivari."" Without any rehearsal," according to Emmett," with hardly the ghost of an idea as to what was to follow," they crossed the street and" browbeat'Uncle Nate Howes into giving them an engagement, the calculation being that he would succumb in preference to standing the horrible noise" the men made. Intrigued, Howes challenged them to sing a song, whereupon they lit into" Old Dan Tucker," Emmett singing and the others joining in the chorus." The four minstrels were as much surprised at the result as was Uncle Nate," Emmett later told the New York Clipper." After singing some more songs for him, they returned to the North American, where they resumed their'horrible noise'in the reading-room, which was quickly filled with spectators." ¹</div><div class="gsh_csp">Suspect as such accounts typically seem, Emmett's tale immediately roots us in the culture of early 1840s New York-not least in its crowding of the reading room with the culture of amusements. Above all it situates the activities of the minstrel …</div></div></div></div><div class="gs_scl"><div class="gsc_oci_field">Scholar articles</div><div class="gsc_oci_value"><div class="gsc_oci_merged_snippet"><div><a href="/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=16055289613255374456&btnI=1&hl=en">" Genuine Negro Fun": Racial Pleasure and Class Formation in the 1840s</a></div><div>S Freud - Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American …, 1993</div><div><a class="gsc_oms_link" href="https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&q=related:ePYatNbYz94J:scholar.google.com/">Related articles</a> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="gs_ftr_sp" role="presentation"></div><div id="gs_ftr" class="gs_md_rmb" role="contentinfo"><div id="gs_ftr_rt"><a href="//www.google.co.in/intl/en/policies/privacy/">Privacy</a><a href="//www.google.co.in/intl/en/policies/terms/">Terms</a><a href="javascript:void(0)" ontouchstart="gs_evt_dsp(event)" role="button" aria-controls="gs_ftr_mnu" aria-haspopup="true" class="gs_press gs_md_tb">Help</a></div><div id="gs_ftr_mnu" class="gs_md_d gs_md_ds gs_ttzi gs_md_ulr" role="menu" tabindex="-1"><a role="menuitem" href="/intl/en/scholar/about.html" tabindex="-1" class="gs_md_li">About Scholar</a><a role="menuitem" href="//support.google.com/websearch?p=scholar_dsa&hl=en" tabindex="-1" class="gs_md_li">Search help</a></div></div></div></body></html>