CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="cs" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>SQL – Wikipedie</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cswikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"ČSN basic dt","wgMonthNames":["","leden","únor","březen","duben","květen","červen","červenec","srpen","září","říjen","listopad","prosinec"],"wgRequestId":"23855398-dcdd-46e9-a21d-abc88dd615cb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"SQL","wgTitle":"SQL","wgCurRevisionId":24157579,"wgRevisionId":24157579,"wgArticleId":8061,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Údržba:Články s částí k vložení","Monitoring:Články s odkazem na TDKIV","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem TDKIV","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNE","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI","SQL","Standardy ISO/IEC podle jména","Deklarativní programovací jazyky"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"cs","wgPageContentLanguage":"cs","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"SQL","wgRelevantArticleId":8061,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"cs","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"cs"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":6000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q47607","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":true,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.OSMmapa","ext.gadget.direct-links-to-commons","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.courses","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cs&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=cs&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cs&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.23"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="SQL – Wikipedie"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//cs.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Editovat" href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedie (cs)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//cs.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cs"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom kanál Wikipedie." href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Posledn%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-SQL rootpage-SQL skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Přeskočit na obsah</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Hlavní menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hlavní menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hlavní menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hlavní menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigace </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" title="Navštívit Hlavní stranu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hlavní strana</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Obsah" title="Místo, kde najdete pomoc"><span>Nápověda</span></a></li><li id="n-helpdesk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pot%C5%99ebuji_pomoc" title="Pokud si nevíte rady, zeptejte se ostatních"><span>Potřebuji pomoc</span></a></li><li id="n-featuredcontent" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Nejlep%C5%A1%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nky" title="Přehled článků, které jsou považovány za nejlepší na české Wikipedii"><span>Nejlepší články</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:N%C3%A1hodn%C3%A1_str%C3%A1nka" title="Přejít na náhodně vybranou stránku [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Náhodný článek</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Posledn%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny" title="Seznam posledních změn na této wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Poslední změny</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Port%C3%A1l_Wikipedie" title="O projektu, jak můžete pomoci, kde hledat"><span>Komunitní portál</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pod_l%C3%ADpou" title="Hlavní diskusní fórum"><span>Pod lípou</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cs.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Wikipedie: Otevřená encyklopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cs.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Hled%C3%A1n%C3%AD" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hledání</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Hledat na Wikipedii" aria-label="Hledat na Wikipedii" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciální:Hledání"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hledat</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osobní nástroje"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Změnit vzhled velikosti písma, šířky stránky a barvy" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vzhled" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vzhled</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs" class=""><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=SQL" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=SQL" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Přihlášení</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Další možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobní nástroje" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobní nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uživatelské menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs"><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=SQL" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=SQL" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie_SQL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie_SQL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie SQL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie_SQL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popis_jazyka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popis_jazyka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Popis jazyka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popis_jazyka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribuované_zpracování_SQL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribuované_zpracování_SQL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribuované zpracování SQL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribuované_zpracování_SQL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Obsah" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">SQL</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 85 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">85 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – němčina (Švýcarsko)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="němčina (Švýcarsko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A9" title="لغة الاستعلامات المهيكلة – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة الاستعلامات المهيكلة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – bavorština" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavorština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2" title="এসকিউএল – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এসকিউএল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – bretonština" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struktuurp%C3%A4ringukeel" title="Struktuurpäringukeel – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Struktuurpäringukeel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84" title="اس‌کیوال – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اس‌کیوال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teanga_Strucht%C3%BArtha_Iarratas" title="Teanga Struchtúrtha Iarratas – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teanga Struchtúrtha Iarratas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – čínština (dialekty Hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Hakka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="ऍसक्यूऍल – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऍसक्यूऍल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – kurdština" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D.%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B5%BD." title="എസ്.ക്യു.എൽ. – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എസ്.ക്യു.എൽ." data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – barmština" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%90%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B8.%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A.%E0%A8%90%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਐੱਸ.ਕਿਊ.ਐੱਲ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐੱਸ.ਕਿਊ.ਐੱਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ایس کیو ایل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایس کیو ایل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – kečuánština" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="கட்டமைப்புள்ள வினவு மொழி – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கட்டமைப்புள்ள வினவு மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – tetumština" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetumština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ภาษาสอบถามเชิงโครงสร้าง – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาสอบถามเชิงโครงสร้าง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ایس کیو ایل – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایس کیو ایل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – jorubština" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47607#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/SQL" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuse:SQL&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskuse ke stránce (stránka neexistuje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/SQL"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/SQL"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/SQL" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/SQL" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&oldid=24157579" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Citovat&page=SQL&id=24157579&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informace o tom, jak citovat tuto stránku"><span>Citovat stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSQL"><span>Získat zkrácené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSQL"><span>Stáhnout QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=SQL"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=SQL&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Structured_Query_Language" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47607" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><div class="noprint ambox labelced labelced-page labelced-page-type-move ambox-move plainlinks"> <div class="labelced_message"><div class="labelced_image ambox-image mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/48px-Split-arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/72px-Split-arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/96px-Split-arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="38" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div> <div class="labelced_message_inner"> <div class="labelced_message_headline ambox-text">Je navrženo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Rozd%C4%9Blov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nk%C5%AF" title="Wikipedie:Rozdělování článků">vložit</a> sem část článku, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Slu%C4%8Dov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_a_p%C5%99esun_str%C3%A1nek#Přejmenování_(přesun)" title="Wikipedie:Slučování a přesun stránek">přesunout</a> ji sem z článku <i><a href="/wiki/GROUP_BY" title="GROUP BY">GROUP_BY</a></i>.</div> <div class="labelced_message_text hide-when-compact ambox-text">K návrhu se můžete vyjádřit v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuse:GROUP_BY&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskuse:GROUP BY (stránka neexistuje)">diskusi</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="noprint ambox labelced labelced-page labelced-page-type-move ambox-move plainlinks"> <div class="labelced_message"><div class="labelced_image ambox-image mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/48px-Split-arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/72px-Split-arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/96px-Split-arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="38" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div> <div class="labelced_message_inner"> <div class="labelced_message_headline ambox-text">Je navrženo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Rozd%C4%9Blov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nk%C5%AF" title="Wikipedie:Rozdělování článků">vložit</a> sem část článku, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Slu%C4%8Dov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_a_p%C5%99esun_str%C3%A1nek#Přejmenování_(přesun)" title="Wikipedie:Slučování a přesun stránek">přesunout</a> ji sem z článku <i><a href="/wiki/Insert_(SQL)" title="Insert (SQL)">Insert_(SQL)</a></i>.</div> <div class="labelced_message_text hide-when-compact ambox-text">K návrhu se můžete vyjádřit v <a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Insert_(SQL)" title="Diskuse:Insert (SQL)">diskusi</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="noprint ambox labelced labelced-page labelced-page-type-move ambox-move plainlinks"> <div class="labelced_message"><div class="labelced_image ambox-image mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/48px-Split-arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/72px-Split-arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Split-arrow.svg/96px-Split-arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="38" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div> <div class="labelced_message_inner"> <div class="labelced_message_headline ambox-text">Je navrženo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Rozd%C4%9Blov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nk%C5%AF" title="Wikipedie:Rozdělování článků">vložit</a> sem část článku, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Slu%C4%8Dov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_a_p%C5%99esun_str%C3%A1nek#Přejmenování_(přesun)" title="Wikipedie:Slučování a přesun stránek">přesunout</a> ji sem z článku <i><a href="/wiki/MERGE" title="MERGE">MERGE</a></i>.</div> <div class="labelced_message_text hide-when-compact ambox-text">K návrhu se můžete vyjádřit v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuse:MERGE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskuse:MERGE (stránka neexistuje)">diskusi</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> <p><b>SQL</b> (vyslovováno anglicky <i>es-kjů-el</i> <span class="noexcerpt"><span title="Toto je přepis výslovnosti pomocí znaků mezinárodní fonetické abecedy (IPA)." class="IPA">[ɛs kjuː ɛɫ]</span><span style="font-size: smaller; vertical-align: top;"><a href="/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_fonetick%C3%A1_abeceda" title="Mezinárodní fonetická abeceda">IPA</a></span></span>) je zkratka (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">anglicky</a> <span class="cizojazycne" lang="en" title="angličtina"><i>Structured Query Language</i></span>) pro standardizovaný strukturovaný <a href="/wiki/Dotazovac%C3%AD_jazyk" title="Dotazovací jazyk">dotazovací jazyk</a>, který je používán pro práci s daty v <a href="/wiki/Rela%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_datab%C3%A1ze" title="Relační databáze">relačních databázích</a>. SQL je nástupcem jazyka <i>SEQUEL</i> (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">anglicky</a> <span class="cizojazycne" lang="en" title="angličtina"><i>Structured English Query Language</i></span>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie_SQL">Historie SQL</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Historie SQL" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Historie SQL"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>V 70. letech <a href="/wiki/20._stolet%C3%AD" title="20. století">20. století</a> probíhal ve firmě <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> výzkum <a href="/wiki/Rela%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_datab%C3%A1ze" title="Relační databáze">relačních databází</a>. Bylo nutné vytvořit sadu příkazů pro ovládání těchto databází. Vznikl tak jazyk <i>SEQUEL</i> (Structured English Query Language). Cílem bylo vytvořit jazyk, ve kterém by se příkazy tvořily syntakticky co nejblíže přirozenému jazyku (angličtině). </p><p>K vývoji jazyka se přidaly další firmy. V r. <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a> uvedla na trh firma Relational Software, Inc. (dnešní <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Corporation" title="Oracle Corporation">Oracle Corporation</a>) svoji relační databázovou platformu <i><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Database" title="Oracle Database">Oracle Database</a></i>. IBM uvedla v roce <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> nový systém SQL/DS a v roce <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> systém <a href="/wiki/IBM_DB2" title="IBM DB2">DB2</a>. Dalšími systémy byly např. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Progress_Software&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progress Software (stránka neexistuje)">Progress</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Informix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM Informix (stránka neexistuje)">Informix</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=SyBase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SyBase (stránka neexistuje)">SyBase</a>. Ve všech těchto systémech se používala varianta jazyka SEQUEL, který byl přejmenován na <i>SQL</i>. </p><p>Relační databáze byly stále významnější, a bylo nutné jejich jazyk standardizovat. Americký institut <a href="/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institute" title="American National Standards Institute">ANSI</a> původně chtěl vydat jako standard zcela nový jazyk RDL. SQL se však prosadil jako <i>de facto</i> standard a ANSI založil nový standard na tomto jazyku. Tento standard bývá označován jako <i>SQL-86</i> podle roku, kdy byl přijat. </p><p>V dalších letech se ukázalo, že SQL-86 obsahuje některé nedostatky a naopak v něm nejsou obsaženy některé důležité prvky týkající se hlavně <a href="/wiki/Referen%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_integrita" title="Referenční integrita">integrity databáze</a>. V roce 1992 byl proto přijat nový standard <i>SQL-92</i> (někdy se uvádí jen <i>SQL2</i>). Zatím nejnovějším standardem je <i>SQL3</i> (<i>SQL-99</i>), který reaguje na potřeby nejmodernějších <a href="/w/index.php?title=Objektov%C4%9B_orientovan%C3%A1_datab%C3%A1ze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Objektově orientovaná databáze (stránka neexistuje)">databází s objektovými prvky</a>. </p><p>Standardy podporuje prakticky každá relační databáze, ale obvykle nejsou implementovány vždy všechny požadavky normy. A naopak, každá z nich obsahuje prvky a konstrukce, které nejsou ve standardech obsaženy. Přenositelnost SQL dotazů mezi jednotlivými databázemi je proto omezená. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popis_jazyka">Popis jazyka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Popis jazyka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Popis jazyka"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote"> Podrobnější informace naleznete v článku <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADkazy_jazyka_SQL" title="Příkazy jazyka SQL">Příkazy jazyka SQL</a>.</div> <p>SQL příkazy se dělí na čtyři základní skupiny: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Data_definition_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Data definition language">data definition language</a></i> (DDL), příkazy pro definici dat (<a href="/wiki/CREATE" title="CREATE">CREATE</a>, <a href="/wiki/ALTER" title="ALTER">ALTER</a>, <a href="/wiki/DROP" title="DROP">DROP</a>, …),</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Data_manipulation_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Data manipulation language">data manipulation language</a></i> (DML), příkazy pro manipulaci s daty (<a href="/wiki/SELECT" title="SELECT">SELECT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insert_(SQL)" title="Insert (SQL)">INSERT</a>, <a href="/wiki/UPDATE" title="UPDATE">UPDATE</a>, <a href="/wiki/DELETE" class="mw-redirect" title="DELETE">DELETE</a>, …),</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Data_control_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Data control language">data control language</a></i> (DCL), <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Transaction_control_commands" class="mw-redirect" title="Transaction control commands">transaction control commands</a></i> (TCC), příkazy pro řízení <a href="/wiki/Datab%C3%A1zov%C3%A1_transakce" title="Databázová transakce">transakcí</a> (<a href="/wiki/START_TRANSACTION" title="START TRANSACTION">START TRANSACTION</a>, <a href="/wiki/COMMIT" title="COMMIT">COMMIT</a>, <a href="/wiki/ROLLBACK" class="mw-redirect" title="ROLLBACK">ROLLBACK</a>),</li> <li>příkazy pro řízení přístupových práv (<a href="/wiki/GRANT" title="GRANT">GRANT</a>, <a href="/wiki/REVOKE" title="REVOKE">REVOKE</a>),</li></ul></li> <li>ostatní nebo speciální příkazy (číslovače, schémata, ...)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribuované_zpracování_SQL"><span id="Distribuovan.C3.A9_zpracov.C3.A1n.C3.AD_SQL"></span>Distribuované zpracování SQL</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Distribuované zpracování SQL" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Distribuované zpracování SQL"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Architektura distribuovaných relačních databází (DRDA) byla navržena pracovní skupinou v rámci IBM v letech 1988 až 1994. DRDA umožňuje síťově připojeným relačním databázím spolupracovat při plnění požadavků SQL.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Interaktivní uživatel nebo program může zadávat příkazy SQL do místního RDB a přijímat tabulky dat a stavových indikátorů jako odpověď ze vzdálených RDB. Příkazy SQL lze také zkompilovat a uložit ve vzdálených RDB jako balíčky a poté je vyvolat podle názvu balíčku. To je důležité pro efektivní provoz aplikačních programů, které zadávají složité, vysokofrekvenční dotazy. Je to zvláště důležité, když se tabulky, ke kterým se má přistupovat, nacházejí ve vzdálených systémech. </p><p>Zprávy, protokoly a strukturální komponenty DRDA jsou definovány architekturou správy distribuovaných dat. Distribuované zpracování SQL ala DRDA se odlišuje od současných distribuovaných databází SQL. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Informix. <i>www.intax.cz</i> [online]. [cit. 2009-01-16]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070501055008/http://www.intax.cz/INFORMIX_Dynamic_Server.html">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2007-05-01.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.intax.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.intax.cz%2FINFORMIX_Dynamic_Server.html&rft.atitle=Informix"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">REINSCH, R. Distributed database for SAA. <i>IBM Systems Journal</i>. 1988, roč. 27, čís. 3, s. 362–369. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5387638/">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2022-04-04]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0018-8670">0018-8670</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1147%2Fsj.273.0362">10.1147/sj.273.0362</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=IBM+Systems+Journal&rft_id=info:doi/10.1147%2Fsj.273.0362&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fdocument%2F5387638%2F&rft.atitle=Distributed+database+for+SAA&rft.date=1988&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=362%E2%80%93369&rft.issn=0018-8670&rft.aulast=Reinsch&rft.aufirst=R."><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">HIRAO, T. Extension of the relational database semantic processing model. <i>IBM Systems Journal</i>. 1990, roč. 29, čís. 4, s. 539–550. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1147/sj.294.0539">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2022-04-04]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0018-8670">0018-8670</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1147%2Fsj.294.0539">10.1147/sj.294.0539</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=IBM+Systems+Journal&rft_id=info:doi/10.1147%2Fsj.294.0539&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1147%2Fsj.294.0539&rft.atitle=Extension+of+the+relational+database+semantic+processing+model&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=539%E2%80%93550&rft.issn=0018-8670&rft.aulast=Hirao&rft.aufirst=T."><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Datab%C3%A1ze" title="Databáze">Databáze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prim%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_kl%C3%AD%C4%8D" title="Primární klíč">Primární klíč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciz%C3%AD_kl%C3%AD%C4%8D" title="Cizí klíč">Cizí klíč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabulka_(datab%C3%A1ze)" title="Tabulka (databáze)">Tabulka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datab%C3%A1zov%C3%A1_transakce" title="Databázová transakce">Databázová transakce</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Structured_Query_Language" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Structured Query Language">SQL</a></span> na Wikimedia Commons</span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000000132&local_base=KTD">SQL</a> v <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A1_terminologick%C3%A1_datab%C3%A1ze_knihovnictv%C3%AD_a_informa%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bdy" title="Česká terminologická databáze knihovnictví a informační vědy">České terminologické databázi knihovnictví a informační vědy (TDKIV)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://krokodata.vse.cz/SQL">Tutoriál SQL</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sallyx.org/sally/psql/">Tutoriál PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite a Oracle</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Programovací jazyky"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a href="/wiki/Programovac%C3%AD_jazyk" title="Programovací jazyk">Programovací jazyky</a></span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Seznam_programovac%C3%ADch_jazyk%C5%AF" title="Seznam programovacích jazyků">abecední seznam programovacích jazyků</a></td></tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Multiparadigmatick%C3%BD_programovac%C3%AD_jazyk" title="Multiparadigmatický programovací jazyk">multiparadigmatické</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ada_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Ada (programovací jazyk)">Ada</a> • <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> • <a href="/wiki/Common_Lisp" title="Common Lisp">Common Lisp</a> • <a href="/wiki/D_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="D (programovací jazyk)">D</a> • <a href="/wiki/F_Sharp" title="F Sharp">F#</a> • <a href="/wiki/Go_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Go (programovací jazyk)">Go</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oberon_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Oberon (programovací jazyk)">Oberon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> • <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> • <a href="/wiki/Python" title="Python">Python</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby">Ruby</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rust_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Rust (programovací jazyk)">Rust</a> • <a href="/wiki/Scala_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Scala (programovací jazyk)">Scala</a> • <a href="/wiki/Swift_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Swift (programovací jazyk)">Swift</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tcl" title="Tcl">Tcl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tcl/Tk" title="Tcl/Tk">Tk</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Vala_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Vala (programovací jazyk)">Vala</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Strukturovan%C3%A9_programov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Strukturované programování">strukturované</a> (<a href="/wiki/Imperativn%C3%AD_programov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Imperativní programování">procedurální</a>)</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/AWK" title="AWK">AWK</a> • <a href="/wiki/C_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="C (programovací jazyk)">C</a> • <a href="/wiki/COBOL" title="COBOL">COBOL</a> • <a href="/wiki/Digital_Command_Language" title="Digital Command Language">DCL</a> • <a href="/wiki/Forth_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Forth (programovací jazyk)">Forth</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lua" title="Lua">Lua</a> • <a href="/wiki/Modula-2" title="Modula-2">Modula-2</a> / <a href="/wiki/Modula-3" title="Modula-3">Modula-3</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Pascal (programovací jazyk)">Pascal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pawn" title="Pawn">Pawn</a> • <a href="/wiki/PL/SQL" title="PL/SQL">PL/SQL</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Objektov%C4%9B_orientovan%C3%A9_programov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Objektově orientované programování">objektové</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/BETA" title="BETA">BETA</a> • <a href="/wiki/Boo_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Boo (programovací jazyk)">Boo</a> • <a href="/wiki/C_Sharp" title="C Sharp">C#</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Eiffel (programovací jazyk)">Eiffel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Java_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Java (programovací jazyk)">Java</a> (<a href="/wiki/Groovy" title="Groovy">Groovy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kotlin_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Kotlin (programovací jazyk)">Kotlin</a>) • <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> • <a href="/wiki/Object_Pascal" title="Object Pascal">Object Pascal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Objective-C" title="Objective-C">Objective-C</a> • <a href="/wiki/Smalltalk" title="Smalltalk">Smalltalk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET" title="Visual Basic .NET">VB.NET</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Funkcion%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_programov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Funkcionální programování">funkcionální</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Clean" title="Clean">Clean</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ceylon_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Ceylon (programovací jazyk)">Ceylon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Erlang_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Erlang (programovací jazyk)">Erlang</a> • <a href="/wiki/Haskell_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Haskell (programovací jazyk)">Haskell</a> • <a href="/wiki/J_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="J (programovací jazyk)">J</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lisp" title="Lisp">Lisp</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wolfram_Language" title="Wolfram Language">Wolfram Language</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mathematica" title="Mathematica">Mathematica</a> • <a href="/wiki/Miranda_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Miranda (programovací jazyk)">Miranda</a> • <a href="/wiki/OCaml" title="OCaml">OCaml</a> • <a href="/wiki/Scheme" title="Scheme">Scheme</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Dotazovac%C3%AD_jazyk" title="Dotazovací jazyk">dotazovací</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/LINQ" title="LINQ">LINQ</a> • <a href="/wiki/SPARQL" title="SPARQL">SPARQL</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">SQL</a> • <a href="/wiki/XQuery" title="XQuery">XQuery</a> • <a href="/wiki/Extensible_Stylesheet_Language" title="Extensible Stylesheet Language">XSL</a> (<a href="/wiki/Extensible_Stylesheet_Language_Transformations" title="Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations">XSLT</a> • <a href="/wiki/Extensible_Stylesheet_Language_-_Formatting_Objects" title="Extensible Stylesheet Language - Formatting Objects">XSL-FO</a> • <a href="/wiki/XPath" title="XPath">XPath</a>) </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Logick%C3%A9_programov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Logické programování">logické</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6del_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Gödel (programovací jazyk)">Gödel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Prolog_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Prolog (programovací jazyk)">Prolog</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">výukové</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Baltazar_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Baltazar (programovací jazyk)">Baltazar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Balt%C3%ADk" title="Baltík">Baltík</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karel_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Karel (programovací jazyk)">Karel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kodu_Game_Lab" title="Kodu Game Lab">Kodu Game Lab</a> • <a href="/wiki/Logo_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Logo (programovací jazyk)">Logo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Small_Basic" title="Microsoft Small Basic">Microsoft Small Basic</a> • <a href="/wiki/Petr_(software)" title="Petr (software)">Petr</a> • <a href="/wiki/Scratch" title="Scratch">Scratch</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Ezoterick%C3%BD_programovac%C3%AD_jazyk" title="Ezoterický programovací jazyk">ezoterické</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Befunge" title="Befunge">Befunge</a> • <a href="/wiki/Brainfuck" title="Brainfuck">Brainfuck</a> • <a href="/wiki/HQ9%2B" title="HQ9+">HQ9+</a> • <a href="/wiki/Malbolge" title="Malbolge">Malbolge</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ook!" title="Ook!">Ook!</a> • <a href="/wiki/Piet" title="Piet">Piet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Whitespace" title="Whitespace">Whitespace</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">historické</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/ALGOL" title="ALGOL">ALGOL</a> • <a href="/wiki/APL_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="APL (programovací jazyk)">APL</a> • <a href="/wiki/B_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="B (programovací jazyk)">B</a> • <a href="/wiki/BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a> • <a href="/wiki/CPL" title="CPL">CPL</a> (<a href="/wiki/BCPL" title="BCPL">BCPL</a>) • <a href="/wiki/J_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="J (programovací jazyk)">J</a> • <a href="/wiki/MUMPS" title="MUMPS">MUMPS</a> • <a href="/wiki/PL/I" title="PL/I">PL/I</a> • <a href="/wiki/Simula_67" title="Simula 67">Simula 67</a> • <a href="/wiki/SNOBOL" title="SNOBOL">SNOBOL</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">další</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/ABAP" title="ABAP">ABAP</a> • <a href="/wiki/AppleScript" title="AppleScript">AppleScript</a> • <a href="/wiki/ColdFusion" title="ColdFusion">ColdFusion</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jazyk_symbolick%C3%BDch_adres" title="Jazyk symbolických adres">JSA</a> • <a href="/wiki/Julia_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Julia (programovací jazyk)">Julia</a> • <a href="/wiki/MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a> • <a href="/wiki/R_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="R (programovací jazyk)">R</a> • <a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic" title="Visual Basic">Visual Basic</a> (<a href="/wiki/VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Vimscript" title="Vimscript">Vimscript</a> • <a href="/wiki/Visual_FoxPro" title="Visual FoxPro">Visual FoxPro</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Skriptovac%C3%AD_jazyk" title="Skriptovací jazyk">skriptovací</a>/<a href="/wiki/Strojov%C3%BD_k%C3%B3d" title="Strojový kód">strojový kód</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kompilovan%C3%BD_jazyk" title="Kompilovaný jazyk">kompilované</a>/<a href="/wiki/Interpret_(software)" title="Interpret (software)">interpretované</a> • <a href="/wiki/Interaktivn%C3%AD_zpracov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Interaktivní zpracování">interaktivní</a>/<a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1vkov%C3%A9_zpracov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Dávkové zpracování">dávkové</a> • <a href="/wiki/WYSIWYG" title="WYSIWYG">WYSIWYG</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="navbox noprint" title="SQL"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r17064757" /><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SQL</a></span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADkazy_jazyka_SQL" title="Příkazy jazyka SQL">příkazy jazyka SQL</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Data_manipulation_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Data manipulation language">DML</a>: <a href="/wiki/SELECT" title="SELECT">SELECT</a> • <a href="/wiki/Insert_(SQL)" title="Insert (SQL)">INSERT</a> • <a href="/wiki/UPDATE" title="UPDATE">UPDATE</a> • <a href="/wiki/DELETE_(SQL)" title="DELETE (SQL)">DELETE</a> | <a href="/wiki/Data_definition_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Data definition language">DDL</a>: <a href="/wiki/CREATE" title="CREATE">CREATE</a> • <a href="/wiki/DROP" title="DROP">DROP</a> • <a href="/wiki/ALTER" title="ALTER">ALTER</a> • <a href="/wiki/CHECK" title="CHECK">CHECK</a> • <a href="/wiki/SHOW" title="SHOW">SHOW</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=EXPLAIN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EXPLAIN (stránka neexistuje)">EXPLAIN</a> • <a href="/wiki/MERGE" title="MERGE">MERGE</a> • <a href="/wiki/TRUNCATE" title="TRUNCATE">TRUNCATE</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=LOAD_DATA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LOAD DATA (stránka neexistuje)">LOAD DATA</a> | <a href="/wiki/Data_control_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Data control language">DCL</a>: <a href="/wiki/GRANT" title="GRANT">GRANT</a> • <a href="/wiki/REVOKE" title="REVOKE">REVOKE</a> | <a href="/wiki/START_TRANSACTION" title="START TRANSACTION">START TRANSACTION</a> • <a href="/wiki/COMMIT" title="COMMIT">COMMIT</a> • <a href="/wiki/ROLLBACK" class="mw-redirect" title="ROLLBACK">ROLLBACK</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%AD%C4%8Dov%C3%A9_slovo" title="Klíčové slovo">klíčová slova</a> pro dotazování</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=TOP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TOP (stránka neexistuje)">TOP</a> • <a href="/wiki/LIMIT" title="LIMIT">LIMIT</a> • <a href="/wiki/JOIN" title="JOIN">JOIN (FULL LEFT RIGHT INNER CROSS) ON</a> • <a href="/wiki/UNION" title="UNION">UNION</a> • <a href="/wiki/ORDER_BY" title="ORDER BY">ORDER BY</a> • <a href="/wiki/WHERE" title="WHERE">WHERE</a> • <a href="/wiki/GROUP_BY" title="GROUP BY">GROUP BY</a> • <a href="/wiki/WITH_ROLLUP" class="mw-redirect" title="WITH ROLLUP">WITH ROLLUP</a> • <a href="/wiki/HAVING" class="mw-redirect" title="HAVING">HAVING</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Objekt_(informatika)" title="Objekt (informatika)">objekty</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Tabulka_(datab%C3%A1ze)" title="Tabulka (databáze)">TABLE</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pohled_(datab%C3%A1ze)" title="Pohled (databáze)">VIEW</a> • <a href="/wiki/Index_(datab%C3%A1ze)" title="Index (databáze)">INDEX</a> • <a href="/wiki/CONSTRAINT" title="CONSTRAINT">CONSTRAINT</a> • <a href="/wiki/Datab%C3%A1zov%C3%A1_transakce" title="Databázová transakce">TRANSACTION</a> • <a href="/wiki/Trigger_(datab%C3%A1ze)" title="Trigger (databáze)">TRIGGER</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">ostatní pojmy</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rela%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_datab%C3%A1ze" title="Relační databáze">Relační databáze</a> • <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A9m_%C5%99%C3%ADzen%C3%AD_b%C3%A1ze_dat" title="Systém řízení báze dat">Systém řízení báze dat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Prim%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_kl%C3%AD%C4%8D" title="Primární klíč">Primární klíč</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ciz%C3%AD_kl%C3%AD%C4%8D" title="Cizí klíč">Cizí klíč</a> • <a href="/wiki/Poddotaz" title="Poddotaz">Poddotaz</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ulo%C5%BEen%C3%A1_procedura" title="Uložená procedura">Uložená procedura</a> • <a href="/wiki/U%C5%BEivatelem_definovan%C3%A1_funkce" title="Uživatelem definovaná funkce">Uživatelem definovaná funkce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Partition_(datab%C3%A1ze)" title="Partition (databáze)">Partition</a> • <a href="/wiki/Agrega%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_funkce" title="Agregační funkce">Agregační funkce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Referen%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_integrita" title="Referenční integrita">Referenční integrita</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 th,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title{background-color:#e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{background-color:#e7e7e7}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-abovebelow{background-color:#f0f0f0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}</style><div role="navigation" class="navbox2" aria-labelledby="Autoritní_data_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Editovat_na_Wikidatech_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47607#identifiers&#124;Editovat_na_Wikidatech" style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox2-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritní_data_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Editovat_na_Wikidatech_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47607#identifiers&#124;Editovat_na_Wikidatech" scope="row" class="navbox2-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autoritn%C3%AD_kontrola" title="Autoritní kontrola">Autoritní data</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47607#identifiers" title="Editovat na Wikidatech"><img alt="Editovat na Wikidatech" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox2-list navbox2-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_republiky" title="Národní knihovna České republiky">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph118067">ph118067</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polytematick%C3%BD_strukturovan%C3%BD_hesl%C3%A1%C5%99" title="Polytematický strukturovaný heslář">PSH</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psh.techlib.cz/skos/PSH12536">12536</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A1_terminologick%C3%A1_datab%C3%A1ze_knihovnictv%C3%AD_a_informa%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bdy" title="Česká terminologická databáze knihovnictví a informační vědy">TDKIV</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000000132&local_base=KTD">000000132</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_%C5%A0pan%C4%9Blska" title="Národní knihovna Španělska">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX531785">XX531785</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Francouzská národní knihovna">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12101816f">cb12101816f</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12101816f">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4134010-3">4134010-3</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86006628">sh86006628</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_Izraele" title="Národní knihovna Izraele">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007529742105171">987007529742105171</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Citováno z „<a dir="ltr" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL&oldid=24157579">https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL&oldid=24157579</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Kategorie" title="Nápověda:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:SQL" title="Kategorie:SQL">SQL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Standardy_ISO/IEC_podle_jm%C3%A9na" title="Kategorie:Standardy ISO/IEC podle jména">Standardy ISO/IEC podle jména</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Deklarativn%C3%AD_programovac%C3%AD_jazyky" title="Kategorie:Deklarativní programovací jazyky">Deklarativní programovací jazyky</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skryté kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C3%9Adr%C5%BEba:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_%C4%8D%C3%A1st%C3%AD_k_vlo%C5%BEen%C3%AD" title="Kategorie:Údržba:Články s částí k vložení">Údržba:Články s částí k vložení</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_odkazem_na_TDKIV" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s odkazem na TDKIV">Monitoring:Články s odkazem na TDKIV</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NKC" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_PSH" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_TDKIV" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem TDKIV">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem TDKIV</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_BNE" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNE">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNE</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_BNF" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_GND" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_LCCN" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NLI" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Stránka byla naposledy editována 11. 8. 2024 v 12:58.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text je dostupný pod <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cs">licencí Creative Commons Uveďte původ – Zachovejte licenci</a>, případně za dalších podmínek. Podrobnosti naleznete na stránce <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/cs">Podmínky užití</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Ochrana osobních údajů</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie">O Wikipedii</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Vylou%C4%8Den%C3%AD_odpov%C4%9Bdnosti">Vyloučení odpovědnosti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:Kontakt">Kontaktujte Wikipedii</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kodex chování</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Vývojáři</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/cs.wikipedia.org">Statistiky</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Prohlášení o cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//cs.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilní verze</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hledání</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Hledat na Wikipedii"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciální:Hledání"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hledat</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">SQL</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>85 jazyků</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Přidat téma</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-58f486c48d-64jwq","wgBackendResponseTime":134,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.228","walltime":"0.337","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1586,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":45116,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":17518,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":11,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":6268,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 269.179 1 -total"," 24.22% 65.183 1 Šablona:Commonscat"," 23.63% 63.611 1 Šablona:Autoritní_data"," 13.96% 37.573 2 Šablona:Vjazyce2"," 11.32% 30.483 2 Šablona:Vjazyce"," 10.99% 29.587 4 Šablona:První_neprázdný"," 8.69% 23.381 1 Šablona:Podrobně"," 7.89% 21.243 1 Šablona:Programovací_jazyky"," 7.60% 20.451 1 Šablona:Seznam"," 7.51% 20.212 2 Šablona:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.074","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2055240,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-6df8dbf59d-2wp45","timestamp":"20250329100150","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"SQL","url":"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SQL","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47607","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47607","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"P\u0159isp\u011bvatel\u00e9 projekt\u016f Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"nadace Wikimedia","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-11-24T16:47:10Z","dateModified":"2024-08-11T10:58:08Z","headline":"jazyk pro komunikaci s rela\u010dn\u00ed datab\u00e1z\u00ed"}</script> </body> </html>