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Freno rigenerativo - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Trasporto_ferroviario" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trasporto_ferroviario"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Trasporto ferroviario</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Trasporto_ferroviario-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Trasporto ferroviario</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Trasporto_ferroviario-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vantaggi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vantaggi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Vantaggi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vantaggi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Limitazioni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limitazioni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Limitazioni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limitazioni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trasporto_su_gomma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trasporto_su_gomma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Trasporto su gomma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trasporto_su_gomma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sistema_di_recupero_dell&#039;energia_cinetica_(KERS)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistema_di_recupero_dell&#039;energia_cinetica_(KERS)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sistema di recupero dell'energia cinetica (KERS)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistema_di_recupero_dell&#039;energia_cinetica_(KERS)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Freno rigenerativo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un&#039;altra lingua. Disponibile in 28 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heropwekkingremme" title="Heropwekkingremme - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Heropwekkingremme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fre_regeneratiu" title="Fre regeneratiu - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fre regeneratiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekuperace" title="Rekuperace - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rekuperace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brecio_atgynhyrchiol" title="Brecio atgynhyrchiol - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Brecio atgynhyrchiol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutzbremse" title="Nutzbremse - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nutzbremse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_braking" title="Regenerative braking - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Regenerative braking" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekuperatiivpidurdus" title="Rekuperatiivpidurdus - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rekuperatiivpidurdus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freinage_r%C3%A9g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ratif" title="Freinage régénératif - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Freinage régénératif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="בלימה רגנרטיבית - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בלימה רגנרטיבית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95" title="पुनर्योजी ब्रेक - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पुनर्योजी ब्रेक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerativno_ko%C4%8Denje" title="Regenerativno kočenje - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Regenerativno kočenje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia-visszat%C3%A1pl%C3%A1l%C3%A1s" title="Energia-visszatáplálás - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Energia-visszatáplálás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rem_regeneratif" title="Rem regeneratif - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rem regeneratif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E7%94%9F%E3%83%96%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AD" title="回生ブレーキ - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="回生ブレーキ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9A%8C%EC%83%9D_%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%99" title="회생 제동 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="회생 제동" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recuperatief_remmen" title="Recuperatief remmen - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Recuperatief remmen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerativ_bremsing" title="Regenerativ bremsing - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Regenerativ bremsing" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamowanie_rekuperacyjne" title="Hamowanie rekuperacyjne - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hamowanie rekuperacyjne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenagem_regenerativa" title="Frenagem regenerativa - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Frenagem regenerativa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A2nare_regenerativ%C4%83" title="Frânare regenerativă - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Frânare regenerativă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Рекуперативное торможение - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рекуперативное торможение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekuper%C3%A1cia_(dopravn%C3%BD_prostriedok)" title="Rekuperácia (dopravný prostriedok) - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rekuperácia (dopravný prostriedok)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerativno_zaviranje" title="Regenerativno zaviranje - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Regenerativno zaviranje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerativ_bromsning" title="Regenerativ bromsning - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Regenerativ bromsning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C3%BDdaly_tormoz" title="Peýdaly tormoz - turcomanno" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Peýdaly tormoz" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcomanno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rejeneratif_frenleme" title="Rejeneratif frenleme - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rejeneratif frenleme" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Рекуперативне гальмування - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рекуперативне гальмування" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95" title="再生制動 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="再生制動" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-important.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voce da controllare"><img alt="Voce da controllare" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/40px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/60px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, 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Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Ingegneria" title="Progetto:Ingegneria">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r133964453"><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niente fonti!"><img alt="Niente fonti!" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione &#32;sull'argomento ingegneria <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Ingegneria" title="Progetto:Ingegneria">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skoda_03_T_roof.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Skoda_03_T_roof.jpg/220px-Skoda_03_T_roof.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Skoda_03_T_roof.jpg/330px-Skoda_03_T_roof.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Skoda_03_T_roof.jpg/440px-Skoda_03_T_roof.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Sistema di controllo del motore e freno rigenerativo del tram Škoda 03 T</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:S_stock_northwood.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/S_stock_northwood.JPG/220px-S_stock_northwood.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/S_stock_northwood.JPG/330px-S_stock_northwood.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/S_stock_northwood.JPG/440px-S_stock_northwood.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Il treno della <a href="/wiki/Metropolitana_di_Londra" title="Metropolitana di Londra">metropolitana di Londra</a> dove il freno rigenerativo fa sì che possa ritornare alla rete il 20% della sua energia utilizzata</figcaption></figure> <p>Il <b>freno rigenerativo</b> è un particolare tipo di <a href="/wiki/Freno" title="Freno">freno</a> che recupera energia utile estraendola da una quota di quella che, normalmente, si dissipa in aria (<a href="/wiki/Calore" title="Calore">calore</a>) durante il rallentamento del veicolo (diminuzione di <a href="/wiki/Energia_cinetica" title="Energia cinetica">energia cinetica</a>). </p><p>Si capisce che, di conseguenza, tale tipo di dispositivo ha due funzioni: di <a href="/wiki/Freno" title="Freno">freno</a> e di generatore di energia. </p><p>Il modo più semplice per realizzare un freno rigenerativo su di un veicolo in movimento è quello di utilizzare un normale <a href="/wiki/Generatore_elettrico" title="Generatore elettrico">generatore elettrico</a> vincolato all'asse delle ruote. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trasporto_ferroviario">Trasporto ferroviario</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Trasporto ferroviario" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Trasporto ferroviario"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Questo tipo di freno viene ampiamente utilizzato in campo <a href="/wiki/Tramvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tramvia">tramviario</a>, nelle metropolitane e nel <a href="/wiki/Trasporto_ferroviario" title="Trasporto ferroviario">trasporto ferroviario</a>, anche se in misura minore, i motori elettrici di trazione vengono riutilizzati in frenatura come generatori elettrici in quella che comunemente viene definita frenatura <i>elettrodinamica</i> (o semplicemente "ED"). I vantaggi sono significativi soprattutto in treni che devono effettuare molte fermate ravvicinate, con la conseguente necessità di fasi di accelerazione e decelerazione ravvicinate. Per es. nella <a href="/wiki/Metropolitana_di_Londra" title="Metropolitana di Londra">metropolitana di Londra</a> l'uso del freno rigenerativo fa sì che possa ritornare alla rete il 20% dell'energia utilizzata dal convoglio. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vantaggi">Vantaggi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Vantaggi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Vantaggi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il vantaggio di questo tipo di freno rispetto a quello <a href="/wiki/Freno_pneumatico" title="Freno pneumatico">pneumatico</a> è multiplo: </p> <ul><li>Da una parte si ha il risparmio delle pastiglie dei freni, in quanto parte o tutta la frenatura viene realizzata dai motori senza utilizzare il freno ad attrito.</li> <li>Dall'altra si ha un recupero di <a href="/wiki/Energia_elettrica" title="Energia elettrica">energia elettrica</a> che viene immessa sulla linea e, quindi, resa disponibile per eventuali altri treni in trazione.</li> <li>Contrariamente all'uso dei freni a strisciamento, la frenata elettrica non provoca mai il completo bloccaggio delle ruote, in quanto per sua natura (l'uso della differenza di velocità della ruota rispetto al campo statore) l'azione del freno è efficiente solamente in caso di ruote in movimento e tale efficacia diminuisce con la riduzione della velocità di rotazione della ruota.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Limitazioni">Limitazioni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Limitazioni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Limitazioni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Si deve però anche tener presente di alcuni limiti al freno ED che, quindi, non può sostituire completamente il freno ad attrito (<i>pneumatico</i>). In particolare abbiamo che: </p> <ul><li>A bassa velocità, il movimento del <a href="/wiki/Rotore_(elettrotecnica)" title="Rotore (elettrotecnica)">rotore</a> nel motore elettrico ha una velocità angolare tale che il potenziale generato è basso. Di conseguenza con il rallentamento abbiamo anche un abbassamento dell'efficienza del generatore e, quindi, della forza frenante.</li> <li>Il freno elettrodinamico non è in grado di mantenere il veicolo in arresto. Pertanto per rimanere fermo il convoglio ha sempre bisogno di un freno ad attrito.</li> <li>L'uso del motore anche in frenatura provoca un surriscaldamento, soprattutto se si passa continuamente dalla trazione alla frenatura. Tanto più se la tensione di linea è bassa (come nelle tramvie) e la potenza frenante deve essere cospicua. Tutto questo può influire nella riduzione del tempo di vita del freno, portando a bruciare il generatore.</li> <li>I motori non sono mai montati su tutti gli assi, di conseguenza la <a href="/wiki/Coppia_motrice" title="Coppia motrice">coppia</a> frenante da loro sviluppata, non ha lo stesso effetto di quella ideale applicata omogeneamente. In tal modo si rischia di superare l'<a href="/wiki/Aderenza" title="Aderenza">aderenza</a> massima tra ruota e rotaia, provocando micro-slittamenti delle ruote (senza, però, arrivare al completo bloccaggio) aumentando la distanza di arresto del veicolo.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trasporto_su_gomma">Trasporto su gomma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Trasporto su gomma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Trasporto su gomma"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In tali mezzi si ha la stessa caratteristica vantaggi e difetti del sistema per il trasporto su rotaia, anche se generalmente in questo caso viene montato sull'albero motore. </p><p>Tale freno è presente su tutti i nuovi mezzi di grandi dimensioni per il trasporto pubblico. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sistema_di_recupero_dell'energia_cinetica_(KERS)"><span id="Sistema_di_recupero_dell.27energia_cinetica_.28KERS.29"></span>Sistema di recupero dell'energia cinetica (KERS)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Sistema di recupero dell&#039;energia cinetica (KERS)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Sistema di recupero dell&#039;energia cinetica (KERS)"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/KERS" title="KERS">KERS</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Questo sistema assorbe energia in modo analogo al freno rigenerativo, ma, invece di immetterla in una rete elettrica, la accumula o in un volano meccanico, in batterie o condensatori/supercondensatori, oppure in accumulatori idrostatici azionati da pompa-motore; per poi restituirla al sistema che la può riutilizzare, ad esempio, per azionare un <a href="/wiki/Motore_elettrico" title="Motore elettrico">motore elettrico</a>, che può essere lo stesso <a href="/wiki/Propulsore" class="mw-redirect" title="Propulsore">propulsore</a> del mezzo o un suo <a href="/wiki/Servomotore" title="Servomotore">servomotore</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freno_elettrico" title="Freno elettrico">Freno elettrico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volano_(batteria)" title="Volano (batteria)">Volano (batteria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KERS" title="KERS">KERS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freno" title="Freno">Freno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trasporto_ferroviario" title="Trasporto ferroviario">Trasporto ferroviario</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freno_rigenerativo&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Regenerative brakes"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Regenerative_brakes?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Regenerative_brakes?uselang=it">Freno rigenerativo</a></span></b></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐68db4b6789‐sj89v Cached time: 20241126113534 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.158 seconds Real time usage: 0.510 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5209/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 9375/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3086/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1719/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.032/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 860056/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 177.603 1 -total 47.71% 84.741 2 Template:Avviso 36.66% 65.115 1 Template:C 34.26% 60.839 2 Template:Categorie_avviso 33.53% 59.556 1 Template:Vedi_anche 28.17% 50.035 6 Template:Rp 15.40% 27.348 1 Template:Interprogetto 14.16% 25.150 1 Template:F 1.91% 3.399 2 Template:Icona_lavoro 1.51% 2.686 2 Template:Argomenti_avviso --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key itwiki:pcache:idhash:1042981-0!canonical and timestamp 20241126113534 and revision id 136426495. 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