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<li id="toc-Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Confederacy_and_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Confederacy_and_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Confederacy and independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Confederacy_and_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Republic of Montenegro (1992–2006)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="جمهورية الجبل الأسود (1992–2006) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهورية الجبل الأسود (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monteneqro_Respublikas%C4%B1_(1992-2006)" title="Monteneqro Respublikası (1992-2006) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Monteneqro Respublikası (1992-2006)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_(1992%E2%80%942006)" title="Рэспубліка Чарнагорыя (1992—2006) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэспубліка Чарнагорыя (1992—2006)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(1992_%E2%80%93_2006)" title="Република Черна гора (1992 – 2006) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Република Черна гора (1992 – 2006)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Crna_Gora_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republika Crna Gora (1992–2006) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Republika Crna Gora (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="República de Montenegro (1992–2006) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República de Montenegro (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Δημοκρατία του Μαυροβουνίου (1992–2006) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δημοκρατία του Μαυροβουνίου (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Montenegro_(1992-2006)" title="República de Montenegro (1992-2006) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República de Montenegro (1992-2006)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88_(%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B9%DB%B2%E2%80%93%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B0%DB%B6)" title="جمهوری مونته‌نگرو (۱۹۹۲–۲۰۰۶) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری مونته‌نگرو (۱۹۹۲–۲۰۰۶)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_du_Mont%C3%A9n%C3%A9gro_(1992-2006)" title="République du Monténégro (1992-2006) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République du Monténégro (1992-2006)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%AC%ED%85%8C%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%B8%EB%A1%9C_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD_(1992%EB%85%84~2006%EB%85%84)" title="몬테네그로 공화국 (1992년~2006년) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="몬테네그로 공화국 (1992년~2006년)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Crna_Gora_(1992._%E2%80%93_2006.)" title="Republika Crna Gora (1992. – 2006.) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Republika Crna Gora (1992. – 2006.)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republik Montenegro (1992–2006) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik Montenegro (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_di_Montenegro_(1992-2006)" title="Repubblica di Montenegro (1992-2006) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica di Montenegro (1992-2006)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(1992-2006)" title="Черногория Республика (1992-2006) – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Черногория Республика (1992-2006)" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90_(1992%E2%80%932006_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%AC.)" title="მონტენეგროს რესპუბლიკა (1992–2006 წწ.) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მონტენეგროს რესპუბლიკა (1992–2006 წწ.)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(1992%E2%80%942006)" title="Република Црна Гора (1992—2006) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Република Црна Гора (1992—2006)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD_(1992%E5%B9%B4-2006%E5%B9%B4)" title="モンテネグロ共和国 (1992年-2006年) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モンテネグロ共和国 (1992年-2006年)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Czarnog%C3%B3ry" title="Republika Czarnogóry – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republika Czarnogóry" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Aut%C3%B4noma_de_Montenegro" title="República Autônoma de Montenegro – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República Autônoma de Montenegro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Muntenegru_(1992-2006)" title="Republica Muntenegru (1992-2006) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republica Muntenegru (1992-2006)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_(1992%E2%80%942006)" title="Республика Черногория (1992—2006) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Республика Черногория (1992—2006)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_e_Malit_t%C3%AB_Zi_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republika e Malit të Zi (1992–2006) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republika e Malit të Zi (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ciernohorsk%C3%A1_republika_(1992_%E2%80%93_2006)" title="Čiernohorská republika (1992 – 2006) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Čiernohorská republika (1992 – 2006)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(1991%E2%80%942006)" title="Република Црна Гора (1991—2006) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Република Црна Гора (1991—2006)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Crna_Gora_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republika Crna Gora (1992–2006) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Republika Crna Gora (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegron_tasavalta_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Montenegron tasavalta (1992–2006) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Montenegron tasavalta (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiken_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republiken Montenegro (1992–2006) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Republiken Montenegro (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3_(%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1992%E2%80%932006)" title="สาธารณรัฐมอนเตเนโกร (ค.ศ. 1992–2006) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐมอนเตเนโกร (ค.ศ. 1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karada%C4%9F_Cumhuriyeti_(1992-2006)" title="Karadağ Cumhuriyeti (1992-2006) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karadağ Cumhuriyeti (1992-2006)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_(1992%E2%80%942006)" title="Республіка Чорногорія (1992—2006) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Республіка Чорногорія (1992—2006)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="جمہوریہ مونٹینیگرو (1992–2006) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جمہوریہ مونٹینیگرو (1992–2006)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%85%A7%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(1992%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%942006%E5%B9%B4)" title="蒙特內哥羅共和國 (1992年—2006年) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蒙特內哥羅共和國 (1992年—2006年)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1150680#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Federal unit of Yugoslavia/Serbia & Montenegro between 1992 and 2006</div> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output 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0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Republic of Montenegro</div><div class="ib-country-names">Република Црна Гора<br /><i>Republika Crna Gora</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1992–2006</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Montenegro_(1993%E2%80%932004).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Montenegro"><img alt="Flag of Montenegro Flag (1993–2004)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281993%E2%80%932004%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281993%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="42" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Montenegro" title="Flag of Montenegro">Flag</a><br />(1993–2004)</div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro_(1992-2004).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms (1993–2004) of Montenegro"><img alt="Coat of arms of Montenegro (1993–2004)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro_%281992-2004%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro_%281992-2004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro_%281992-2004%29.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro_%281992-2004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro_%281992-2004%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro_%281992-2004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="879" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro" title="Coat of arms of Montenegro">Coat of arms</a><br />(1993–2004)</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> "<a href="/wiki/Hej_Sloveni" class="mw-redirect" title="Hej Sloveni">Хеј, Словени</a>" (1992–2004) <br /> "<span title="Serbo-Croatian-language text"><span lang="sh" style="font-style: normal;">Hej, Sloveni</span></span>" <br /> <span style="font-size: 85%;">"Hey, Slavs"</span><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="center"></div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="88" data-mwtitle="United_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey,_Slavs.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/United_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg/United_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source 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label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg&lang=wuu&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="wuu" label="吴语 ‪(wuu)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg&lang=zh-cn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans-CN" label="中文（中国大陆） ‪(zh-cn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg&lang=zh-hans&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文（简体） ‪(zh-hans)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg&lang=zh-sg&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans-SG" label="中文（新加坡） ‪(zh-sg)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_Hey%2C_Slavs.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Oj,_svijetla_majska_zoro" title="Oj, svijetla majska zoro">Ој, свијетла мајска зоро</a> (2004–2006)<br /><i>Oj, svijetla majska zoro</i> <br /> <small>English: <span lang="en">"Oh, Bright Dawn of May"</span></small> <br /> <div class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="126" data-mwtitle="National_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/National_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg/National_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/National_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=bs&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bs" label="bosanski ‪(bs)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=hr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="hr" label="hrvatski ‪(hr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語 ‪(ja)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=sh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sh" label="srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски ‪(sh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=sr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr" label="српски / srpski ‪(sr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=zh-hk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-HK" label="中文（香港） ‪(zh-hk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Montenegro.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Scg02.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Scg02.png/250px-Scg02.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="393" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Scg02.png/500px-Scg02.png 1.5x" data-file-width="818" data-file-height="1287" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Subdivisions of Serbia and Montenegro: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="padding-left: 0.6em; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FEFA9F; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbia_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)">Republic of Serbia</a></div></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FAF8D6; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Serbia#Autonomous_provinces" title="Administrative divisions of Serbia">Autonomous provinces of Serbia</a></div></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#A7F0F0; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <b>Republic of Montenegro</b></div></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">Constituent state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<i>Royal Capital</i>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ijekavian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijekavian">Ijekavian pronunciation</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Montenegrin people">Montenegrin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Montenegro" title="Politics of Montenegro">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dominant-party_system" title="Dominant-party system">Dominant-party</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">parliamentary republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Montenegro" title="President of Montenegro">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1992–1998 <small>(first)</small> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Momir_Bulatovi%C4%87" title="Momir Bulatović">Momir Bulatović</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 2002–2006 <small>(last)</small> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Filip_Vujanovi%C4%87" title="Filip Vujanović">Filip Vujanović</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Montenegro" title="Prime Minister of Montenegro">Prime Minister</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1992–1998 <small>(first)</small> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Milo_%C4%90ukanovi%C4%87" title="Milo Đukanović">Milo Đukanović</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 2003–2006 <small>(last)</small> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Milo Đukanović</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Montenegro" title="Parliament of Montenegro">Assembly</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Established</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">28 April 1992</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Montenegro#Constitution_of_Montenegro_in_union_with_Serbia" title="Constitution of Montenegro">Constitution adopted</a></span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 October 1992</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">State Union of Serbia and Montenegro</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 February 2003</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/2006_Montenegrin_independence_referendum" title="2006 Montenegrin independence referendum">Independence</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">3 June 2006</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Montenegro" title="Geography of Montenegro">Area </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">2006</th><td class="infobox-data">13,812 km<sup>2</sup> (5,333 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Montenegro" title="Demographics of Montenegro">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 2002 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">650,000<sup id="cite_ref-F0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1999 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">630,000<sup id="cite_ref-AP0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Dinar" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav Dinar">Yugoslav Dinar</a> (1992–1996)<br /><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Mark" title="Deutsche Mark">Deutsche Mark</a> (1996–2002)<br /><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> (2002–2006)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:ME" title="ISO 3166-2:ME">ME</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">Socialist Republic of Montenegro</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/20px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/40px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data">Montenegro</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Republic of Montenegro</b> (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: <span lang="sr">Република Црна Гора</span> / <span title="Serbian-language text"><i lang="sr">Republika Crna Gora</i></span>) was a constituent federated state of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> and then Serbia and Montenegro between 1992 and 2006. The declaration of independence of <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> in 2006 ended the ex-Yugoslav state. After the <a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">collapse</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (SFRY), the remaining republics of Montenegro and Serbia agreed to the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (FRY) which officially abandoned communism and nominally endorsed democratic institutions. Montenegro was a constituent republic of the FRY and its successor state until June 2006 when Montenegro declared independence from <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a> following the <a href="/wiki/2006_Montenegrin_independence_referendum" title="2006 Montenegrin independence referendum">2006 Montenegrin independence referendum</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Montenegro" title="Category:History of Montenegro">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montenegro" title="History of Montenegro">History of <span class="fn org label">Montenegro</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Montenegro"><img alt="Coat of arms of Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="622" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Prehistory</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Praevalitana" title="Praevalitana">Roman Praevalitana</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Middle Ages and early modern</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duklja" title="Duklja">Duklja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_(crown_land)" title="Zeta (crown land)">Crown land of Zeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_princes_of_Zeta" title="List of princes of Zeta">Principality of Zeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_Veneta" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania Veneta">Albania Veneta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Montenegro" title="Sanjak of Montenegro">Sanjak of Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Scutari" title="Sanjak of Scutari">Sanjak of Scutari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Herzegovina" title="Sanjak of Herzegovina">Sanjak of Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Montenegro" title="Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro">Prince-Bishopric</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Modern and contemporary</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Montenegro" title="Principality of Montenegro">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Novi_Pazar" title="Sanjak of Novi Pazar">Sanjak of Novi Pazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Montenegro" title="Kingdom of Montenegro">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia#Oblasts_(1922–1929)" title="Subdivisions of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Zeta Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Banovina" title="Zeta Banovina">Zeta Banovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_governorate_of_Montenegro" title="Italian governorate of Montenegro">Italian governorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupied_territory_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupied territory of Montenegro">German occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">Socialist republic</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Constituent state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Montenegro" title="Demographic history of Montenegro">Demography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_nobility" title="Montenegrin nobility">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Montenegro" title="Tribes of Montenegro">Tribes</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Montenegro" title="Template:History of Montenegro"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Montenegro" title="Template talk:History of Montenegro"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Montenegro" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Montenegro"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Upon entry into the FRY, Montenegro was led by President <a href="/wiki/Momir_Bulatovi%C4%87" title="Momir Bulatović">Momir Bulatović</a>, a former member of the Communist Party in Yugoslavia and an ally of Serbian President <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, whom Bulatović helped gain power during the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Bureaucratic_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Bureaucratic Revolution">Anti-Bureaucratic Revolution</a>, in which he and Milošević gained power in their respective republics. In the final years of the SFRY's existence, Bulatović had supported Milošević's demands for a "one-member, one-vote" system in the Communist party congress which would have given numerical superiority to their cohort in the congress. This fostered the collapse of the Communist Party and later the SFRY. Bulatović began to show reluctance to remain in a union with Serbia when countries like <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> offered Montenegro the possibility of quick access into the <a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community</a> if Montenegro separated from Yugoslavia. However, Bulatović's brief endorsement of Montenegrin independence ended due to pressure from Serbia. In 1992, Montenegro joined the FRY after a <a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_independence_referendum,_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="Montenegrin independence referendum, 1992">referendum</a> took place on 1 March of that year. In the same year, the capital Titograd (named after former Yugoslav leader <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>) was renamed to its pre-communist name of <a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a>. In 1993, Montenegro abandoned its former Communist-era flag and adopted a plain tricolour, similar to Serbia's but longer, and with a lighter blue for its centre stripe, marking a distinction between the two republics which had exactly the same flag during the Communist era. This flag would be in place until 2004. </p><p>Montenegro's continued union with Serbia provided legitimacy to the continuation of a Yugoslav state, important to Serbia as the continuation of a Yugoslav state would allow the federation to lay claim to former Yugoslav territory in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> populated by Serbs. Also Montenegro had access to the sea which kept Serbia's sovereign body from being landlocked and allowed for a navy (merchant and military) to exist. Over time, the domineering nature of President Milošević and his allies within the federation provoked ordinary Montenegrins to shift towards independence, while creating a growing desire for regime change and support for opposition within Serbia. Strain with Serbia over economic policy caused Montenegro to adopt the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Mark" title="Deutsche Mark">Deutsche Mark</a> in 1996 while waiting for the European Community to formalise a European currency. After Bulatović stepped down as Montenegrin president in 1998, the new president <a href="/wiki/Milo_%C4%90ukanovi%C4%87" title="Milo Đukanović">Milo Đukanović</a> opposed Milošević (now Yugoslav President) and set Montenegro on a course to independence.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Confederacy_and_independence">Confederacy and independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Confederacy and independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 August 1999, Montenegro drafted a plan wherein Yugoslavia would have been supplanted by the "Association of the States of Serbia and Montenegro", intended to also grant Montenegro autonomy over its foreign ministry, currency, and military for eventual secession. The <a href="/wiki/Clinton_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton administration">Clinton administration</a> expressed support, but urged Montenegro to remain in union.<sup id="cite_ref-AP0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 March, 2002, under the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>'s auspices, an agreement was formed that would officially dissolve Yugoslavia. The agreement permitted Montenegro to continue to use the <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> instead of the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_dinar" title="Yugoslav dinar">Yugoslav dinar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-F0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-F0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, the FR Yugoslavia became a confederacy under the name "Serbia and Montenegro" and granted more autonomy to Montenegro with only defense and foreign policy remaining a responsibility for the central government. In 2006, Montenegro held <a href="/wiki/2006_Montenegrin_independence_referendum" title="2006 Montenegrin independence referendum">an independence referendum</a>. 55% voted in favor of independence, but this was only a narrow victory for independence. Montenegro officially declared independence in June 2006, causing Serbia to become independent, ending the last federal union of the former Yugoslavia dating back to 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Montenegro_(1992%E2%80%932006)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL(2005)096-e">"Constitution of the Republic of Montenegro"</a>. <q>Article 7</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+the+Republic+of+Montenegro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.venice.coe.int%2Fwebforms%2Fdocuments%2F%3Fpdf%3DCDL%282005%29096-e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Montenegro+%281992%E2%80%932006%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL(2005)096-e">"Constitution of the Republic of Montenegro"</a>. <q>Article 9</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+the+Republic+of+Montenegro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.venice.coe.int%2Fwebforms%2Fdocuments%2F%3Fpdf%3DCDL%282005%29096-e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Montenegro+%281992%E2%80%932006%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-F0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-F0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-F0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFisher2002" class="citation news cs1">Fisher, Ian (15 March 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/15/world/serbia-and-montenegro-sign-a-plan-for-yugoslavia-s-demise.html">"Serbia and Montenegro Sign a Plan for Yugoslavia's Demise"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Vol. 151, no. 52058.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serbia+and+Montenegro+Sign+a+Plan+for+Yugoslavia%27s+Demise&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=52058&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F03%2F15%2Fworld%2Fserbia-and-montenegro-sign-a-plan-for-yugoslavia-s-demise.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Montenegro+%281992%E2%80%932006%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThe_Associated_Press1999" class="citation news cs1">The Associated Press (6 August 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/06/world/montenegro-moves-to-alter-tie-to-serbia.html">"Montenegro Moves to Alter Tie to Serbia"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Montenegro+Moves+to+Alter+Tie+to+Serbia&rft.date=1999-08-06&rft.au=The+Associated+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F08%2F06%2Fworld%2Fmontenegro-moves-to-alter-tie-to-serbia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Montenegro+%281992%E2%80%932006%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiller2005" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Nicholas (2005). "Serbia and Montenegro". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lVBB1a0rC70C"><i>Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture</i></a>. Vol. 3. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. pp. <span class="nowrap">529–</span>581. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576078006" title="Special:BookSources/9781576078006"><bdi>9781576078006</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Serbia+and+Montenegro&rft.btitle=Eastern+Europe%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+People%2C+Lands%2C+and+Culture&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E529-%3C%2Fspan%3E581&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9781576078006&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlVBB1a0rC70C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepublic+of+Montenegro+%281992%E2%80%932006%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://balkaninsight.com/2016/10/11/montenegro-country-profile-10-08-2016/">Montenegro: Country Profile</a>, balkaninsight.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/5043462.stm">Montenegro declares independence</a> BBC News, 4 June 2006</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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