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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Period_rotacije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Period_rotacije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Period rotacije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Period_rotacije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Precesija,_nutacija_i_polarno_kretanje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Precesija,_nutacija_i_polarno_kretanje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Precesija, nutacija i polarno kretanje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Precesija,_nutacija_i_polarno_kretanje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fizički_efekti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fizički_efekti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fizički efekti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fizički_efekti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Porijeklo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Porijeklo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Porijeklo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Porijeklo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dokazi_rotacije_Zemlje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dokazi_rotacije_Zemlje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dokazi rotacije Zemlje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dokazi_rotacije_Zemlje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foucaultovo_njihalo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foucaultovo_njihalo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Foucaultovo njihalo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foucaultovo_njihalo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezani_članci" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezani_članci"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Povezani članci</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezani_članci-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bilješke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bilješke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bilješke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bilješke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zemljina rotacija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 57 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6" title="دوران الأرض – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دوران الأرض" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yerin_f%C4%B1rlanmas%C4%B1" title="Yerin fırlanması – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yerin fırlanması" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Сутачнае вярчэнне Зямлі – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сутачнае вярчэнне Зямлі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Движения на Земята – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Движения на Земята" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%98%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8" title="पृथ्वी के घूर्णन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पृथ्वी के घूर्णन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="পৃথিবীর আহ্নিক গতি – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পৃথিবীর আহ্নিক গতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljina_rotacija" title="Zemljina rotacija – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zemljina rotacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotaci%C3%B3_de_la_Terra" title="Rotació de la Terra – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rotació de la Terra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotace_Zem%C4%9B" title="Rotace Země – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rotace Země" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordens_rotation" title="Jordens rotation – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jordens rotation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdrotation" title="Erdrotation – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erdrotation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Περιστροφή της Γης – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Περιστροφή της Γης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_rotation" title="Earth's rotation – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Earth's rotation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrotacio" title="Terrotacio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Terrotacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotaci%C3%B3n_de_la_Tierra" title="Rotación de la Tierra – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rotación de la Tierra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa_p%C3%B6%C3%B6rlemine" title="Maa pöörlemine – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maa pöörlemine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lurraren_errotazio" title="Lurraren errotazio – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lurraren errotazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="حرکت وضعی زمین – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حرکت وضعی زمین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_de_la_Terre" title="Rotation de la Terre – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rotation de la Terre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotaci%C3%B3n_da_Terra" title="Rotación da Terra – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rotación da Terra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%9B%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5" title="סיבוב כדור הארץ – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיבוב כדור הארץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%AB_%D6%85%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D5%BF" title="Երկրի օրապտույտ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկրի օրապտույտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotasi_Bumi" title="Rotasi Bumi – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rotasi Bumi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn%C3%BAningur_jar%C3%B0ar" title="Snúningur jarðar – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Snúningur jarðar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E3%81%AE%E8%87%AA%E8%BB%A2" title="地球の自転 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="地球の自転" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="დედამიწის ბრუნვა – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დედამიწის ბრუნვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%96%D2%A3_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Жердің айналуы – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жердің айналуы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC%EC%9D%98_%EC%9E%90%EC%A0%84" title="지구의 자전 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지구의 자전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83" title="Жердин айлануусу – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жердин айлануусу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84erdrotatioun" title="Äerdrotatioun – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Äerdrotatioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%97s_sukimasis_apie_a%C5%A1%C4%AF" title="Žemės sukimasis apie ašį – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žemės sukimasis apie ašį" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Земјино вртење – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Земјино вртење" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8" title="पृथ्वीचे परिवलन – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पृथ्वीचे परिवलन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putaran_Bumi" title="Putaran Bumi – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Putaran Bumi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordrotasjon" title="Jordrotasjon – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jordrotasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordrotasjonen" title="Jordrotasjonen – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jordrotasjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruch_obrotowy_Ziemi" title="Ruch obrotowy Ziemi – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ruch obrotowy Ziemi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_Terra" title="Rotação da Terra – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rotação da Terra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota%C8%9Bia_P%C4%83m%C3%A2ntului" title="Rotația Pământului – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rotația Pământului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Суточное вращение Земли – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суточное вращение Земли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8C%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%DA%86%D8%B1%D9%BE%D8%B1" title="ڌرتي جي چرپر – sindski" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڌرتي جي چرپر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljina_rotacija" title="Zemljina rotacija – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zemljina rotacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AE%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="පෘථිවියෙහි භ්‍රමණය – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පෘථිවියෙහි භ්‍රමණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rot%C3%A1cia_Zeme" title="Rotácia Zeme – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rotácia Zeme" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rrotullimi_i_Tok%C3%ABs" title="Rrotullimi i Tokës – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rrotullimi i Tokës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljina_rotacija" title="Zemljina rotacija – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Zemljina rotacija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordrotation" title="Jordrotation – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jordrotation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="புவியின் சுழற்சி – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புவியின் சுழற்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%82" title="భూభ్రమణం – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భూభ్రమణం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCnya%27n%C4%B1n_d%C3%B6n%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BC" title="Dünya'nın dönüşü – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dünya'nın dönüşü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D2%A3_%D1%82%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BD%D2%AF%D0%B5" title="Җирнең тәүлеклек әйләнүе – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Җирнең тәүлеклек әйләнүе" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Обертання Землі – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Обертання Землі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BB%87n_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_t%E1%BB%B1_quay_c%E1%BB%A7a_Tr%C3%A1i_%C4%90%E1%BA%A5t" title="Hiện tượng tự quay của Trái Đất – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiện tượng tự quay của Trái Đất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%AC" title="地球自转 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="地球自转" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%AC" title="地球自转 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地球自转" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%93-ki%C3%BB_ch%C5%AB-cho%C3%A1n" title="Tē-kiû chū-choán – min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tē-kiû chū-choán" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89" title="地球自轉 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="地球自轉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q244743#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><table class="box-Wikipedizirati messagebox plainlinks" style="width:min(50em, 96%); margin: 0 auto; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 10px; border-style: solid; border-color: #2371CB; padding: 0.5em 1em;"> <tbody><tr style="width: 100%;"> <td style="width: 50px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Ryanscontribs.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zemljina rotacija"><img alt="Zemljina rotacija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ryanscontribs.svg/40px-Ryanscontribs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ryanscontribs.svg/60px-Ryanscontribs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ryanscontribs.svg/80px-Ryanscontribs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="204" /></a><figcaption>Zemljina rotacija</figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width: calc(100% - 50px);">Ovaj članak ili odjeljak <b>nije wikipediziran</b>. (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor:Zemljina rotacija (stranica ne postoji)">Rasprava</a>)<small style="display: block; margin-top: 5px;">Tekst članka treba <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Kako_ure%C4%91ivati_stranicu" title="Wikipedija:Kako uređivati stranicu">preurediti u wikitekst</a>. Potom uklonite ovaj predložak.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Globespin.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Globespin.gif/220px-Globespin.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Globespin.gif/330px-Globespin.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Globespin.gif/440px-Globespin.gif 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Animacija koja prikazuje rotaciju Zemlje.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Zemljina rotacija</b> je <a href="/wiki/Rotacija" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotacija">rotacija</a> krutog tijela <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlje</a> oko svoje osi. Zemlja se rotira prema <a href="/wiki/Istok" title="Istok">istoku</a>. Gledajući sa Sjeverne Zvijezde <a href="/wiki/Sjevernja%C4%8Da" title="Sjevernjača">Polaris</a>, Zemlja se vrti suprotno od kazaljke na satu. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Period_rotacije">Period rotacije</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Period rotacije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Period rotacije"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Nebeska_sfera_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/thumb/3/34/Nebeska_sfera_1.png/220px-Nebeska_sfera_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/thumb/3/34/Nebeska_sfera_1.png/330px-Nebeska_sfera_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/thumb/3/34/Nebeska_sfera_1.png/440px-Nebeska_sfera_1.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption>Zemljin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osni_nagib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osni nagib (stranica ne postoji)">osni nagib</a> (ili <i>ukošenost</i>) i njegov odnos na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Os_rotacije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Os rotacije (stranica ne postoji)">os rotacije</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ravninu_orbite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ravninu orbite (stranica ne postoji)">ravninu orbite</a> gledajući sa Sunca za vrijeme <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proljetne_ravnodnevnice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proljetne ravnodnevnice (stranica ne postoji)">Proljetne ravnodnevnice</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Sidereal_day_(prograde).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sidereal_day_%28prograde%29.png/220px-Sidereal_day_%28prograde%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sidereal_day_%28prograde%29.png/330px-Sidereal_day_%28prograde%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sidereal_day_%28prograde%29.png/440px-Sidereal_day_%28prograde%29.png 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="359" /></a><figcaption>Na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Progradnom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progradnom (stranica ne postoji)">progradnom</a> planetu kao što je Zemlja, <b>zvjezdani dan</b> je kraći od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sun%C4%8Devog_dana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunčevog dana (stranica ne postoji)">sunčevog dana</a>. U vremenu 1, Sunce i određena daleka zvijezda su nam obje iznad glave. U vremenu 2, planet se zarotirao za 360° i daleka zvijezda nam je opet iznad glave ali sunce nije (1→2 = jedan zvjezdani dan). Međutim tek malo kasnije, u vremenu 3, Sunce nam se opet nalazi iznad glave (1→3 = jedan sunčev dan).</figcaption></figure> <p>Period rotacije Zemlje u relativnom odnosu na Sunce (od pravog podneva do pravog podneva) je njen <b>pravi sunčev dan</b> ili <a href="/wiki/Sinodi%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Sinodički dan">sinodički dan</a>. On ovisi o kretanju Zemlje po orbiti i zbog toga na njega utječu promjene u <a href="/wiki/Ekscentricitet" title="Ekscentricitet">ekscentricitetu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Milankovi%C4%87evi_ciklusi#Nagib_osi" title="Milankovićevi ciklusi">nagibu</a> Zemljine orbite. Oba variraju kroz tisuće godina<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tako da i godišnje varijacije pravog sunčevog dana također variraju. Generalno, pravi sunčev dan dulji je od srednjeg sunčevog dana između dva perioda godine i kraći između sljedeća dva. Pravi sunčev dan sklon je da bude dulji blizu <a href="/wiki/Perihel" title="Perihel">perihela</a> kada se sunce prividno kreće duž <a href="/wiki/Ekliptika" title="Ekliptika">ekliptike</a> pod većim kutom nego inače, kada mu treba oko 10 sekundi dulje. Suprotno tome, oko 10 sekundi je kraći blizu <a href="/wiki/Afel" title="Afel">afea</a>. Oko 20 sekundi je duži blizu <a href="/wiki/Suncostaj" title="Suncostaj">solsticija</a> kada projekcija prividnog gibanja Sunca duž ekliptika na <a href="/wiki/Nebeski_ekvator" title="Nebeski ekvator">nebeski ekvator</a> uzrokuje Sunce da se kreće pod većim kutom nego inače. Suprotno tome, blizu <a href="/wiki/Ravnodnevica" title="Ravnodnevica">ekvinoksa</a> projekcija na ekvator je kraća za oko 20 sekundi. Trenutno, efekti perifeliona i solsticija se kombiniraju da bi produljili pravi sunčev dan blizu 22. prosinca za 30 srednjih sunčevih sekundi, ali efekt solsticija je djelomično poništen efektom apheliona oko 19. lipnja kada je samo 13 sekundi duži. Efekti ekvinoksa skraćuju ga oko 26. ožujka i 16. rujna za 18, odnosno 21 sekundu.<sup id="cite_ref-Meeus_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meeus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prosječno trajanje pravog sunčevog dana kroz cijelu godinu je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Srednji_sun%C4%8Dev_dan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srednji sunčev dan (stranica ne postoji)">srednji sunčev dan</a>, koji traje 86,400 srednjih sunčevih sekundi. Trenutno, svaka ova sekudna je malo dulja od <a href="/wiki/SI" class="mw-redirect" title="SI">SI</a> sekunde zato što je Zemljin srednji sunčev dan sada malo dulji nego što je bio tijekom 19. stoljeća zbog <a href="/wiki/Plima_i_oseka" class="mw-redirect" title="Plima i oseka">efekta plime i oseke</a>. Prosječna duljina srednjeg sunčevog dana od uvođenja preskočne sekunde 1972. godine je oko 0 do 2 ms veća od 86,400 SI sekunde. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nasumične fluktuacije zbog odnosa između jezgre i plašta Zemlje imaju amplitudu od oko 5ms. <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Srednju sunčevu sekundu između 1750. i 1892. godine odabrao je 1895. godine <a href="/wiki/Simon_Newcomb" title="Simon Newcomb">Simon Newcomb</a> kao neovisnu jedinicu vremena u svojim Tablicama Sunca. Ove tablice su korištene za izračune zemljinih <a href="/wiki/Efemeride" title="Efemeride">efemerida</a> između 1900. i 1983. godine, pa je ova sekunda postala poznata kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Efemerijska_sekunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efemerijska sekunda (stranica ne postoji)">efemerijska sekunda</a>. SI sekunda izjednačena je s efemerijskom sekudnom 1967. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pravo_sun%C4%8Devo_vrijeme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pravo sunčevo vrijeme (stranica ne postoji)">Pravo sunčevo vrijeme</a> je mjera rotacije Zemlje i razlika između te mjere i srednjeg sunčevog vremena je poznata kao jednadžba vremena. </p><p>Period rotacije Zemlje ovisno o fiksnim zvijezdama, nazvan <a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Siderički dan">zvjezdani dan</a> od <a href="/w/index.php?title=IERS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IERS (stranica ne postoji)">IERS</a>, je 86,164.098 903 691 sekunde srednjeg sunčevog vremena (UT1) (23<sup><small>h</small></sup> 56<sup><small>m</small></sup> 4.098 903 691<sup><small>s</small></sup>, 0.997 269 663 237 16 srednjeg sunčevog dana). <sup id="cite_ref-IERS_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IERS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Period rotacije Zemlje ovisno o <a href="/wiki/Precesija" title="Precesija">precesijskoj</a> ili pomičnoj proljetnoj <a href="/wiki/Ravnodnevica" title="Ravnodnevica">ravnodnevnici</a> nazvan je <a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Siderički dan">siderički dan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kojem je trajanje 86 164,090 530 832 88 sekundi srednjeg sunčevog vremena (UT1) (23<sup><small>h</small></sup> 56<sup><small>m</small></sup> 4,090 530 832 88<sup><small>s</small></sup>, 0,997 269 566 329 08 srednjeg sunčevog dana).<sup id="cite_ref-IERS_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IERS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tako je siderički dan kraći od zvjezdanog dana za oko 8.4 ms. .<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 499. godine <a href="/wiki/Aryabhata" title="Aryabhata">Arybhata</a>, veliki matematičar-astronom iz klasičnog doba <a href="/wiki/Indijska_matematika" title="Indijska matematika">indijske matematike</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indijska_astronomiija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indijska astronomiija (stranica ne postoji)">indijske astronomiije</a> procijenio je duljinu sideričkog dana kao 23<sup><small>h</small></sup> 56<sup><small>m</small></sup> 4.1<sup><small>s</small></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I zvjezdani dan i siderički dan su kraći od srednjeg sunčevog dana za oko 3 minute i 56 sekundi. Srednji sunčev dan u SI sekundama dostupan je kod IERS-a za periode od 1623-2005.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i 1962-2005. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Deviation_of_day_length_from_SI_day.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Deviation_of_day_length_from_SI_day.svg/220px-Deviation_of_day_length_from_SI_day.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Deviation_of_day_length_from_SI_day.svg/330px-Deviation_of_day_length_from_SI_day.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Deviation_of_day_length_from_SI_day.svg/440px-Deviation_of_day_length_from_SI_day.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="251" /></a><figcaption>Devijacija trajanja dana ovisno o trajanju dana baziranom na SI sekundama, 1962–2010</figcaption></figure> <p>Nedavno (1999. – 2010.) prosječno godišnje trajanje srednjeg sunčevog dana u odnosu na 86,400 SI sekundi variralo je između 0.25 i 1 ms, što mora biti dodano i zvjezdanim i sideričkim danima danim u srednjem sunčevom vremenu prikazanom gore da bi se dobila njihova trajanja u SI sekundama. </p><p>Kutna brzina rotacije Zemlje u inercijskom prostoru je (7.2921150 ± 0.0000001) ×10<sup>'-5'</sup> <a href="/wiki/Radijan" title="Radijan">radijana</a> po SI sekundi (srednja sunčeva sekunda).<sup id="cite_ref-IERS_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IERS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Množeći sa (180°/Π radijana)x(86,400 sekundi/srednjeg sunčevog dana) daje 360.9856°/srednjem sunčevom danu, ukazujući da se Zemlja rotira više od 360° u odnosu na fiksne zvijezde u jednom sunčevom danu. Kretanje Zemlje po svojoj približno kružnoj orbiti dok se rotira jedanput oko svoje osi zahtjeva da se Zemlja zarotira malo više nego jednom u odnosu na fiksne zvijezde prije nego nam srednje Sunce može proći iznad glave opet, iako se rotira samo jednom (360°) u odnosu na Sunce.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Množeći vrijednost u rad/s s radijusom ekvatora Zemlje od 6,378,137 m (<a href="/wiki/WGS84" title="WGS84">WGS84</a> elipsoid) (faktori od 2Π radijana od oba se poništavaju) izručuje brzinu na ekvatoru od 465.1 m/s ili 1674.4 km/h.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neki izvori izjašnjavaju da je brzina rotacije Zemlje na ekvatoru nešto manja, oko 1669.8 km/h.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To je dobiveno dijeljenjem Zemljinog opsega na ekvatoru s 24 sata. Premda, korištenje samo jednog opsega implicira samo jednu rotaciju u inercijskom prostoru, pa odgovarajuća vremenska jedinica mora biti siderički sat. To je potrvrđeno množenjem broja sideričkih dana u jednom srednjem sunčevom danu, 1.002 737 909 350 795,<sup id="cite_ref-IERS_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IERS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> što rezultira brzinu na ekvatoru u srednjim sunčevim satima danu iznad od 1674.4 km/h. </p><p>Kutna brzina rotacije Zemlje na nekoj točki može se pretpostaviti množenjem brzine na ekvatoru s kosinusom širine.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na primjer, Kennedy Space Centar je smješten na 28.59° sjeverne širine što daje brzinu od 1,674 km/hr * cos (28.59) = 1,470.23 km/h. </p><p>Stalno praćenje rotacije Zemlje zahtjeva uporabu Very Long Baseline Interferometry]] u koordinaciji s <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a>-om, Satellite laser ranging i ostalim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelitskim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelitskim (stranica ne postoji)">satelitskim</a> tehnikama. Ovo omogućava apsolutne podatke za određivanje <a href="/wiki/Univerzalno_vrijeme" title="Univerzalno vrijeme">univerzalnog vremena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Precesija" title="Precesija">precesije</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Nutacija" title="Nutacija">nutacije</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kroz milijune godina, rotacija se značajno usporila zbog gravitacijske interakcije s <a href="/wiki/Mjesec" title="Mjesec">Mjesecom</a>: vidi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akceleracija_plime_i_oseke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akceleracija plime i oseke (stranica ne postoji)">akceleracija plime i oseke</a>. Premda su neki veliki događaji, kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Potres_u_Indijskom_Oceanu_2004._godine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Potres u Indijskom Oceanu 2004. godine (stranica ne postoji)">potres u Indijskom Oceanu 2004. godine</a>, prouzročili da se brzina rotacije poveća za 3 mikrosekunde.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Post-glacijalni_udar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post-glacijalni udar (stranica ne postoji)">Post-glacijalni udar</a>, koji traje od posljednjeg <a href="/wiki/Ledeno_doba" title="Ledeno doba">ledenog doba</a>, mijenja raspored Zemljine mase i tako utječe na <a href="/wiki/Moment_inercije" title="Moment inercije">Moment inercije</a> Zemlje i, po <a href="/wiki/Zakon_o%C4%8Duvanja_koli%C4%8Dine_gibanja" title="Zakon očuvanja količine gibanja">zakonu očuvanja količine gibanja</a>, na period rotacije Zemlje.<sup id="cite_ref-wu-peltier-1984_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wu-peltier-1984-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Precesija,_nutacija_i_polarno_kretanje"><span id="Precesija.2C_nutacija_i_polarno_kretanje"></span>Precesija, nutacija i polarno kretanje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Precesija, nutacija i polarno kretanje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Precesija, nutacija i polarno kretanje"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os Zemljine rotacije kreće se u odnosu na fiksne zvijezde (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inercijski_prostor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inercijski prostor (stranica ne postoji)">inercijski prostor</a>); komponente ove kretnje su <a href="/wiki/Precesija" title="Precesija">precesija</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nutacija" title="Nutacija">nutacija</a>. Os Zemljine rotacije također se kreće u odnosu na Zemljinu koru, što se zove <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarno_kretanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polarno kretanje (stranica ne postoji)">polarno kretanje</a>. </p><p>Precesija je rotacija osi Zemljine rotacije, uzrokovana uglavnom vanjskim okretnim momentom od gravitacije <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mjesec" title="Mjesec">Mjeseca</a> i ostalih tijela. Polarno kretanje dešava se prvenstveno zbog uvrtanja (nutacije) slobodne jezgre i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chandlerovog_njihanja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chandlerovog njihanja (stranica ne postoji)">Chandlerovog njihanja</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fizički_efekti"><span id="Fizi.C4.8Dki_efekti"></span>Fizički efekti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Fizički efekti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Fizički efekti"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brzina rotacije Zemlje imala je različite utjecaje tokom vremena, ukljućujući i oblik same Zemlje (<a href="/wiki/Geoid" title="Geoid">geoid</a>), klimu, dubine i struje <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">oceana</a>, te <a href="/wiki/Litosferne_plo%C4%8De" title="Litosferne ploče">tektonske</a> sile.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Porijeklo">Porijeklo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Porijeklo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Porijeklo"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Protoplanetary-disk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/220px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/330px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/440px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption>Umjetnički izraz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protoplanetarnog_diska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protoplanetarnog diska (stranica ne postoji)">protoplanetarnog diska</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Teoretizira se o tome da se Zemlja formirala kao dio rođenja <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav">Sunčevog sustava</a>: ono što je eventualno postalo sunčev sustav u početku je postojalo kao veliki, rotirajući oblak <a href="/wiki/Pra%C5%A1ina" title="Prašina">prašine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamen" title="Kamen">kamenja</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Plin" title="Plin">plina</a>. Taj oblak bio je sastavljen od <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodika</a> i <a href="/wiki/Helij" title="Helij">helija</a> nastalih iz <a href="/wiki/Veliki_prasak" title="Veliki prasak">velikog praska</a>, kao i od težih <a href="/wiki/Kemijski_element" title="Kemijski element">elemenata</a> izbačenih <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernovama</a>. Kako je taj međuzvjezdani prah bio nehomogen, svaka asimetrija tokom gravitacijskih djelovanja rezultirala je okretnim momentom eventualnog planeta.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sadašnji period rotacije zemlje rezultat je te početne rotacije i ostalih faktora, koji uključuju <a href="/wiki/Morske_mijene" title="Morske mijene">akceleraciju plime i oseke</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipotetski_udar_asteroida_Theia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotetski udar asteroida Theia (stranica ne postoji)">hipotetski udar asteroida Theia</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dokazi_rotacije_Zemlje">Dokazi rotacije Zemlje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Dokazi rotacije Zemlje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Dokazi rotacije Zemlje"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>U rotacijskom referentnom okviru Zemlje, slobodno krećuće tijelo prati prividni put koji odskače od onoga koje bi pratilo da se nalazi u fiksnom referentnom okviru. Zbog tog <a href="/wiki/Coriolisov_u%C4%8Dinak" title="Coriolisov učinak">Coriolisovog učinka</a>, padajuća tijela skreću prema istoku od vertikalne linije viska ispod točke s koje su otpušteni. I projektili skreću desno na sjevernoj polutki (i lijevo na južnoj) od smjera u kojem su ispaljeni. <a href="/wiki/Coriolisov_u%C4%8Dinak" title="Coriolisov učinak">Coriolisov učinak</a> se manifestira na još načina, posebno u <a href="/wiki/Meteorologija" title="Meteorologija">meteorologiji</a>, gdje je odgovoran za mijenjanje smjera rotacije <a href="/wiki/Ciklona" title="Ciklona">ciklona</a> na sjevernoj i južnoj polutki. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Hooke</a> je, prateći Newtonov prijedlog iz 1679. godine, neuspješno pokušao potvrditi predviđenu devijaciju od pola milimetra prema istoku tijela bačenog s visine od 8.2 metra, ali prave rezultate su dobili tek kasnije pri kraju 18. i početku 19. stoljeća <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Battista_Guglielmini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Battista Guglielmini (stranica ne postoji)">Giovanni Battista Guglielmini</a> u <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologni</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Friedrich_Benzenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Friedrich Benzenberg (stranica ne postoji)">Johann Friedrich Benzenberg</a> u <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburgu</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinand_Reich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinand Reich (stranica ne postoji)">Ferdinand Reich</a> u <a href="/wiki/Freiberg" class="mw-disambig" title="Freiberg">Freibergu</a>, koristeći više tornjeve i pažljivo ispuštene utege.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foucaultovo_njihalo">Foucaultovo njihalo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Foucaultovo njihalo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Foucaultovo njihalo"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Najslavniji test i dokaz rotacije Zemlje je <a href="/wiki/Foucaultovo_njihalo" title="Foucaultovo njihalo">Foucaultovo njihalo</a> kojeg je prvi izgradio fizičar <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Foucault" title="Léon Foucault">Léon Foucault</a> <a href="/wiki/1851." title="1851.">1851.</a> godine. Njihalo se sastojalo od 28 kg teške <a href="/wiki/Olovo_(element)" title="Olovo (element)">olovne</a> jezgre obložene <a href="/wiki/Mjed" title="Mjed">mjedom</a> obješene sa 67 m visoke kupole <a href="/wiki/Panteon_u_Parizu" title="Panteon u Parizu">Pantheona u Parizu</a>. Zbog rotacije Zemlje pod njišućim njihalom ravnina oscilacije čini se da rotira ovisno zemljinoj širini. Na širini u Parizu predviđen i promatran pomak bio je oko 11 stupnjeva u smjeru kazaljke na satu po satu. Foucaultova njihala sada se njišu po muzejima po cijelom svijetu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezani_članci"><span id="Povezani_.C4.8Dlanci"></span>Povezani članci</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Povezani članci" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezani članci"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geodezija" title="Geodezija">Geodezija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinodi%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Sinodički dan">Sinodički dan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinodi%C4%8Dki_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinodički period">Sinodički period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Siderički dan">Siderički dan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bilješke"><span id="Bilje.C5.A1ke"></span>Bilješke</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak: Bilješke" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Bilješke"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aoki, the ultimate source of these figures, uses the term "seconds of UT1" instead of "seconds of mean solar time".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sidereal day is arguably a misnomer because the dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sidereal" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:sidereal">sidereal</a> is "relating to the stars", thus fostering confusion with the stellar day.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">In astronomy, unlike geometry, 360° means returning to the same point in some cyclical time scale, either one mean solar day or one sidereal day for rotation on Earth's axis, or one sidereal year or one mean tropical year or even one mean <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian_year_(astronomy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julian year (astronomy) (stranica ne postoji)">Julian year</a> containing exactly <span style="white-space:nowrap">365.25 days</span> for revolution around the Sun.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallexperimente_zum_Nachweis_der_Erdrotation" class="extiw" title="de:Fallexperimente zum Nachweis der Erdrotation">Fallexperimente zum Nachweis der Erdrotation</a> (German Wikipedia article).</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7012897">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100924234324/http://mb-soft.com/public3/equatime.html">Derivation of the equation of time</a>. Inačica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mb-soft.com/public3/equatime.html">izvorne stranice</a> arhivirana 24. rujna 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 15. travnja 2011.</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Derivation+of+the+equation+of+time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmb-soft.com%2Fpublic3%2Fequatime.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meeus-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Meeus_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jean Meeus, <i>Mathematical astronomy morsels</i> (Richmond, Virginia: Willmann-Bell, 1997) 345–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jgiesen.de/planets/img/EoTGraph.gif">Equation of time in red and true solar day in blue</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pierpaoloricci.it/dati/giornosolarevero_eng.htm">The duration of the true solar day</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eoppc/eop/eopc04_05/eopc04.62-now">http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eoppc/eop/eopc04_05/eopc04.62-now</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-3881/136/5/1906/pdf/1538-3881_136_5_1906.pdf">Physical basis of leap seconds</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/67yIZgtef?url=http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/leapsec.html">Leap seconds</a>. Inačica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/leapsec.html">izvorne stranice</a> arhivirana 27. svibnja 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 15. travnja 2011.</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Leap+seconds&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftycho.usno.navy.mil%2Fleapsec.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">journal zahtijeva <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke#missing_periodical" title="Pomoć:CS1 greške">pomoć</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080228160903/http://www.ien.it/luc/cesio/itu/gambis.pdf">Prediction of Universal Time and LOD Variations</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Inačica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ien.it/luc/cesio/itu/gambis.pdf">izvorne stranice</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> arhivirana 28. veljače 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 15. travnja 2011.</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prediction+of+Universal+Time+and+LOD+Variations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ien.it%2Fluc%2Fcesio%2Fitu%2Fgambis.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">R. Hide et al., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~clay/PDF/Hide1993.pdf">"Topographic core-mantle coupling and fluctuations in the Earth's rotation"</a> 1993.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/67yIZgtef?url=http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/leapsec.html">Leap seconds by USNO</a>. Inačica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/leapsec.html">izvorne stranice</a> arhivirana 27. svibnja 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 15. travnja 2011.</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Leap+seconds+by+USNO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftycho.usno.navy.mil%2Fleapsec.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">journal zahtijeva <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke#missing_periodical" title="Pomoć:CS1 greške">pomoć</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IERS-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-IERS_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IERS_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IERS_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IERS_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/models/constants.html">IERS EOP Useful constants</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aoki, <i>et al.</i>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982A&A...105..359A">The new definition of Universal Time</a>", <i>Astronomy and Astrophysics</i> <b>105</b> (1982) 359–361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac</i>, ed. P. Kenneth Seidelmann, Mill Valley, Cal., University Science Books, 1992, p.48, <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-935702-68-7" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-935702-68-7">0-935702-68-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flipkart.com/aryabhatiya-mohan-apte-book-8174344802">Aryabhatiya</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20110815204559/http://www.flipkart.com/aryabhatiya-mohan-apte-book-8174344802">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 15. kolovoza 2011. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) आर्यभटीय</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohan_Apte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohan Apte (stranica ne postoji)">Mohan Apte</a>, Pune, India, Rajhans Publications, 2009, p.25, <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-81-7434-480-9" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-81-7434-480-9">978-81-7434-480-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/earthor/ut1lod/lod-1623.html">IERS Excess of the duration of the day to 86,400s … since 1623</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081003083543/http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/earthor/ut1lod/lod-1623.html">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 3. listopada 2008. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) Graph at end.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070813203913/http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/earthor/ut1lod/figure3.html">IERS Variations in the duration of the day 1962–2005</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arthur N. Cox, ed., <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=w8PK2XFLLH8C&pg=PA244">Allen's Astrophysical Quantities</a></i> p.244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael E. Bakich, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=PE99nOKjbXAC&pg=PA50">The Cambridge planetary handbook</a></i>, p.50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite id="CITEREFButterworth_and_Palmer" class="citation web cs1">Butterworth and Palmer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/970401c.html">Speed of the turning of the Earth</a>. <i>Ask an Astrophysicist</i>. NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ask+an+Astrophysicist&rft.atitle=Speed+of+the+turning+of+the+Earth&rft.au=Butterworth+and+Palmer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimagine.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fdocs%2Fask_astro%2Fanswers%2F970401c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/techniques/techniques.html">Permanent monitoring</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/news/2004/041229/full/news041229-6.html">Sumatran earthquake sped up Earth's rotation</a>, Nature, December 30, 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wu-peltier-1984-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wu-peltier-1984_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite id="CITEREFWuPeltier1984" class="citation journal cs1">Wu, P.; Peltier, W.R. 1984. Pleistocene deglaciation and the earth's rotation: a new analysis. <i>Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. <b>76</b>: 753–792</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=Pleistocene+deglaciation+and+the+earth%27s+rotation%3A+a+new+analysis&rft.volume=76&rft.pages=753-792&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.au=Peltier%2C+W.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101008175521/http://novan.com/earth.htm">Physical effects</a>. Inačica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novan.com/earth.htm">izvorne stranice</a> arhivirana 8. listopada 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 15. travnja 2011.</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Physical+effects&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovan.com%2Fearth.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">journal zahtijeva <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke#missing_periodical" title="Pomoć:CS1 greške">pomoć</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/question.php?number=416">Why do planets rotate?</a>. <i>Ask an Astronomer</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ask+an+Astronomer&rft.atitle=Why+do+planets+rotate%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcurious.astro.cornell.edu%2Fquestion.php%3Fnumber%3D416&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3AZemljina+rotacija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&oldid=7042349">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zemljina_rotacija&oldid=7042349</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Potrebno_wikipedizirati" title="Kategorija:Potrebno wikipedizirati">Potrebno wikipedizirati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Dinamika_Sun%C4%8Devog_sustava" title="Kategorija:Dinamika Sunčevog sustava">Dinamika Sunčevog sustava</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Zemlja" title="Kategorija:Zemlja">Zemlja</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Rotacija" title="Kategorija:Rotacija">Rotacija</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skrivena kategorija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke:_nedostaje_periodika" title="Kategorija:CS1 greške: nedostaje periodika">CS1 greške: nedostaje periodika</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 20. listopada 2024. u 20:54.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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