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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Jina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Jina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_Maria_katika_Biblia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_Maria_katika_Biblia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bikira Maria katika Biblia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bikira_Maria_katika_Biblia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bikira Maria katika Biblia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bikira_Maria_katika_Biblia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biblia_inashuhudia_kuwa_umuhimu_wa_watu_unatofautiana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biblia_inashuhudia_kuwa_umuhimu_wa_watu_unatofautiana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Biblia inashuhudia kuwa umuhimu wa watu unatofautiana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biblia_inashuhudia_kuwa_umuhimu_wa_watu_unatofautiana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utabiri_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utabiri_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Utabiri kuhusu Bikira Maria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utabiri_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_Maria_katika_maisha_ya_Yesu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_Maria_katika_maisha_ya_Yesu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Bikira Maria katika maisha ya Yesu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bikira_Maria_katika_maisha_ya_Yesu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_Maria_alivyoshiriki_Mateso_ya_Yesu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_Maria_alivyoshiriki_Mateso_ya_Yesu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Bikira Maria alivyoshiriki Mateso ya Yesu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bikira_Maria_alivyoshiriki_Mateso_ya_Yesu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_Maria_baada_ya_kifo_cha_Yesu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_Maria_baada_ya_kifo_cha_Yesu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Bikira Maria baada ya kifo cha Yesu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bikira_Maria_baada_ya_kifo_cha_Yesu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dogma_za_Kanisa_Katoliki_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dogma_za_Kanisa_Katoliki_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dogma za Kanisa Katoliki kuhusu Bikira Maria</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dogma_za_Kanisa_Katoliki_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dogma za Kanisa Katoliki kuhusu Bikira Maria subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dogma_za_Kanisa_Katoliki_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mkingiwa_Dhambi_ya_Asili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mkingiwa_Dhambi_ya_Asili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Mkingiwa Dhambi ya Asili</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mkingiwa_Dhambi_ya_Asili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mama_wa_Mungu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mama_wa_Mungu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Mama wa Mungu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mama_wa_Mungu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_na_Mama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_na_Mama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Bikira na Mama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bikira_na_Mama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kupalizwa_Mbinguni_mwili_na_roho" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kupalizwa_Mbinguni_mwili_na_roho"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Kupalizwa Mbinguni mwili na roho</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kupalizwa_Mbinguni_mwili_na_roho-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heshima_za_Liturujia_ya_Kiroma_kwa_Maria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heshima_za_Liturujia_ya_Kiroma_kwa_Maria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Heshima za Liturujia ya Kiroma kwa Maria</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Heshima_za_Liturujia_ya_Kiroma_kwa_Maria-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Heshima za Liturujia ya Kiroma kwa Maria subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Heshima_za_Liturujia_ya_Kiroma_kwa_Maria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sherehe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sherehe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sherehe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sherehe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sikukuu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sikukuu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Sikukuu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sikukuu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kumbukumbu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kumbukumbu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Kumbukumbu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kumbukumbu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kumbukumbu_za_hiari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kumbukumbu_za_hiari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Kumbukumbu za hiari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kumbukumbu_za_hiari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_Maria_kati_ya_Waorthodoksi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_Maria_kati_ya_Waorthodoksi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bikira Maria kati ya Waorthodoksi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bikira_Maria_kati_ya_Waorthodoksi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_Maria_katika_Uprotestanti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_Maria_katika_Uprotestanti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bikira Maria katika Uprotestanti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bikira_Maria_katika_Uprotestanti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bikira_Mariamu_katika_Uislamu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bikira_Mariamu_katika_Uislamu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bikira Mariamu katika Uislamu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bikira_Mariamu_katika_Uislamu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filamu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filamu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Filamu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filamu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Picha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Picha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Picha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Picha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muziki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muziki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Muziki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muziki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tazama_pia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tazama_pia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Tazama pia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tazama_pia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tanbihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tanbihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Tanbihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tanbihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marejeo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marejeo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Marejeo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Marejeo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Marejeo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Marejeo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marejeo_mengine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marejeo_mengine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Marejeo mengine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marejeo_mengine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viungo_vya_nje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Viungo vya nje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Yaliyomo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bikira Maria</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 151 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-151" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 151</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kiafrikana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Kiafrikana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(Mutter_Jesu)" title="Maria (Mutter Jesu) – Kijerumani cha Uswisi" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Maria (Mutter Jesu)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani cha Uswisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%AB%E1%88%9D" title="ማርያም – Kiamhari" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማርያም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Kiamhari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Santa María – Kiaragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Santa María" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Kiaragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="مريم العذراء – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مريم العذراء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A1_(%DC%90%DC%A1%DC%97_%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%AB%DC%98%DC%A5)" title="ܡܪܝܡ (ܐܡܗ ܕܝܫܘܥ) – Kiaramu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܪܝܡ (ܐܡܗ ܕܝܫܘܥ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Kiaramu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85" title="العدرا مريم – Kiarabu cha Misri" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="العدرا مريم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu cha Misri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_(madre_de_Xes%C3%BAs)" title="María (madre de Xesús) – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="María (madre de Xesús)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitcitwa_Marie" title="Kitcitwa Marie – Kiatikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Kitcitwa Marie" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Kiatikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99ry%C9%99m" title="Məryəm – Kiazerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Məryəm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Kiazerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="مریم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مریم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(Muada_vom_Jesus)" title="Maria (Muada vom Jesus) – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Maria (Muada vom Jesus)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pana_Mar%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Pana Marėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Pana Marėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria,_ina_ni_Hesus" title="Maria, ina ni Hesus – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Maria, ina ni Hesus" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Дзева Марыя – Kibelarusi" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дзева Марыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Kibelarusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Багародзіца – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Багародзіца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariam,_enya%27_Isa" title="Mariam, enya' Isa – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mariam, enya' Isa" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Богородица – Kibulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Богородица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Kibulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_(%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE)" title="মেরি (যিশুর মাতা) – Kibengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেরি (যিশুর মাতা)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Kibengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%98_%E0%BC%8D" title="མིར་ཡམ ། – Kitibeti" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མིར་ཡམ །" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Kitibeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari,_mamm_Jezuz" title="Mari, mamm Jezuz – Kibretoni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mari, mamm Jezuz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Kibretoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djevica_Marija" title="Djevica Marija – Kibosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Djevica Marija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Kibosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria,_mare_de_Jes%C3%BAs" title="Maria, mare de Jesús – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Maria, mare de Jesús" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9ng-m%C5%AB_M%C4%81-l%C3%A9-%C4%81" title="Séng-mū Mā-lé-ā – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Séng-mū Mā-lé-ā" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_(inahan_ni_Jes%C3%BAs)" title="María (inahan ni Jesús) – Kichebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="María (inahan ni Jesús)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Kichebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%95%D9%85" title="مریەم – Kikurdi cha Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مریەم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi cha Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kikosikani" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Kikosikani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(matka_Je%C5%BE%C3%AD%C5%A1ova)" title="Maria (matka Ježíšova) – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Maria (matka Ježíšova)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Forwyn_Fair" title="Y Forwyn Fair – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Forwyn Fair" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomfru_Maria" title="Jomfru Maria – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jomfru Maria" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(Mutter_Jesu)" title="Maria (Mutter Jesu) – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Maria (Mutter Jesu)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meryeme" title="Meryeme – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Meryeme" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kn%C4%9B%C5%BEna_Marija" title="Kněžna Marija – Kisobia cha Chini" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kněžna Marija" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Kisobia cha Chini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Παναγία – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παναγία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(m%C3%A4r_ad_Ges%C3%BC)" title="Maria (mär ad Gesü) – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Maria (mär ad Gesü)" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mary, mother of Jesus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(patrino_de_Jesuo)" title="Maria (patrino de Jesuo) – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Maria (patrino de Jesuo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_(madre_de_Jes%C3%BAs)" title="María (madre de Jesús) – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="María (madre de Jesús)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maarja" title="Maarja – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maarja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_(Mairi_de_Jes%C3%BAs)" title="María (Mairi de Jesús) – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="María (Mairi de Jesús)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="مریم – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مریم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(Jeesuksen_%C3%A4iti)" title="Maria (Jeesuksen äiti) – Kifini" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maria (Jeesuksen äiti)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Kifini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_(m%C3%A8re_de_J%C3%A9sus)" title="Marie (mère de Jésus) – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Marie (mère de Jésus)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(m%C3%A2re_de_J%C3%A8sus)" title="Maria (mâre de Jèsus) – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Maria (mâre de Jèsus)" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marije_(mem_fan_Jezus)" title="Marije (mem fan Jezus) – Kifrisia cha Magharibi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Marije (mem fan Jezus)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Magharibi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muire" title="Muire – Kiayalandi" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Muire" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Kiayalandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_(m%C3%A8_di_J%C3%A9zi)" title="Mari (mè di Jézi) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Mari (mè di Jézi)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moire" title="Moire – Kigaeli cha Uskoti" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Moire" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Kigaeli cha Uskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virxe_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Virxe María – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Virxe María" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BC_(%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9_%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83)" title="𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌼 (𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌹𐍃) – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌼 (𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌹𐍃)" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="મરિયમ – Kigujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મરિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Kigujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryamu,_mahaifiyar_Yesu" title="Maryamu, mahaifiyar Yesu – Kihausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Maryamu, mahaifiyar Yesu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Kihausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D,_%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95" title="מרים, אם ישו – Kiebrania" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרים, אם ישו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Kiebrania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_(%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81)" title="मरियम (ईसा मसीह की माँ) – Kihindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मरियम (ईसा मसीह की माँ)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Kihindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_(majka_Isusova)" title="Marija (majka Isusova) – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Marija (majka Isusova)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knje%C5%BEna_Marija" title="Knježna Marija – Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Knježna Marija" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C5%B1z_M%C3%A1ria" title="Szűz Mária – Kihungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szűz Mária" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Kihungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Մարիամ Աստվածածին – Kiarmenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարիամ Աստվածածին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Kiarmenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D._%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B5%D5%BD_%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80" title="Ս. Կոյս Մարիամ Աստուածամայր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ս. Կոյս Մարիամ Աստուածամայր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(matre_de_Jesus)" title="Maria (matre de Jesus) – Kiintalingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Maria (matre de Jesus)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Kiintalingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kiiban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Kiiban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(matre_de_Jesu)" title="Maria (matre de Jesu) – lugha ya kisayansi" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Maria (matre de Jesu)" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="lugha ya kisayansi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria,_ina_ni_Hesus" title="Maria, ina ni Hesus – Kiilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Maria, ina ni Hesus" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Kiilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria,_matro_di_Iesu" title="Maria, matro di Iesu – Kiido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Maria, matro di Iesu" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Kiido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_mey" title="María mey – Kiisilandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="María mey" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Kiisilandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(madre_di_Ges%C3%B9)" title="Maria (madre di Gesù) – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Maria (madre di Gesù)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%AF%8D%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="聖母マリア – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="聖母マリア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mieri" title="Mieri – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Mieri" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kijava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Kijava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მარიამ ღვთისმშობელი – Kijojia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მარიამ ღვთისმშობელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Kijojia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maar%C9%A9" title="Maarɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Maarɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Мәриям – Kikazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мәриям" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kikazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF" title="ಸಂತ ಮೇರಿ – Kikannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂತ ಮೇರಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kikannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_(%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%B4%EB%A8%B8%EB%8B%88)" title="마리아 (예수의 어머니) – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마리아 (예수의 어머니)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meryem" title="Meryem – Kikurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Meryem" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Wynn" title="Maria Wynn – Kikorni" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Maria Wynn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kikorni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мадонна – Kikyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мадонна" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kikyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(mater_Iesu)" title="Maria (mater Iesu) – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Maria (mater Iesu)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(madre_de_Jesus)" title="Maria (madre de Jesus) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Maria (madre de Jesus)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(mader_de_Ges%C3%B9)" title="Maria (mader de Gesù) – Kilongobardi" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Maria (mader de Gesù)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Kilongobardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_wa_Nazaleti" title="Maria wa Nazaleti – Kilingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Maria wa Nazaleti" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Kilingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_(J%C4%97zaus_motina)" title="Marija (Jėzaus motina) – Kilithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Marija (Jėzaus motina)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Kilithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaunava_Marija" title="Jaunava Marija – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jaunava Marija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(renin%27_i_Jesoa)" title="Maria (renin' i Jesoa) – Kimalagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Maria (renin' i Jesoa)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Kimalagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundo_Maria" title="Bundo Maria – Kiminangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bundo Maria" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Kiminangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Богородица – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Богородица" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="മറിയം – Kimalayalamu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മറിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Kimalayalamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%88)" title="मारिया (येशूची आई) – Kimarathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मारिया (येशूची आई)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Kimarathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryam" title="Maryam – Kimalei" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Maryam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Kimalei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Marija" title="Santa Marija – Kimalta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Santa Marija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Kimalta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%81%8F%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%81%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="မေရီ၊ ယေရှု၏မိခင် – Kiburma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မေရီ၊ ယေရှု၏မိခင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Kiburma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="مریم – Kimazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مریم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Kimazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Ichpochtli" title="María Ichpochtli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="María Ichpochtli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna" title="Madonna – Kinapoli" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Madonna" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Kinapoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE)" title="मेरी (यसुकी आमा) – Kinepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मेरी (यसुकी आमा)" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Kinepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(moeder_van_Jezus)" title="Maria (moeder van Jezus) – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Maria (moeder van Jezus)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomfru_Maria" title="Jomfru Maria – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jomfru Maria" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomfru_Maria" title="Jomfru Maria – Kinorwe cha Bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jomfru Maria" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainte_Marie" title="Sainte Marie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Sainte Marie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(maire_de_J%C3%A8sus)" title="Maria (maire de Jèsus) – Kiokitani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Maria (maire de Jèsus)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Kiokitani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%C3%A6%D0%BC" title="Мады Майрæм – Kiosetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мады Майрæм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Kiosetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਕੁਆਰੀ ਮਰੀਅਮ – Kipunjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਆਰੀ ਮਰੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Kipunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie" title="Marie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Marie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_z_Nazaretu" title="Maria z Nazaretu – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Maria z Nazaretu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="مریم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مریم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(m%C3%A3e_de_Jesus)" title="Maria (mãe de Jesus) – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Maria (mãe de Jesus)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qullana_Mariya" title="Qullana Mariya – Kikechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qullana Mariya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kikechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devleski_Maria" title="Devleski Maria – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Devleski Maria" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecioara_Maria" title="Fecioara Maria – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fecioara Maria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Богородица – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Богородица" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Богородіця – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Богородіця" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ACa_(matri_di_Ges%C3%B9)" title="Marìa (matri di Gesù) – Kisicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Marìa (matri di Gesù)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Kisicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_(majka_Isusova)" title="Marija (majka Isusova) – Kiserbia-kroeshia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Marija (majka Isusova)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia-kroeshia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%80_%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="ජේසුගේ මව වන මරියා – Kisinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජේසුගේ මව වන මරියා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Kisinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mary, mother of Jesus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1ria_(matka_Je%C5%BEi%C5%A1a)" title="Mária (matka Ježiša) – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mária (matka Ježiša)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveta_Marija" title="Sveta Marija – Kislovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sveta Marija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Kislovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kialbania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Kialbania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Богородица – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Богородица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungfru_Maria" title="Jungfru Maria – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jungfru Maria" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryja_ze_Nazarytu" title="Maryja ze Nazarytu – Kisilesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Maryja ze Nazarytu" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Kisilesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma-li-ya" title="Ma-li-ya – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ma-li-ya" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D)" title="மரியாள் (இயேசுவின் தாய்) – Kitamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மரியாள் (இயேசுவின் தாய்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Kitamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="మరియమ్ – Kitelugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మరియమ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Kitelugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Марям – Kitajiki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Марям" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Kitajiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C_(%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9)" title="มารีย์ (มารดาพระเยซู) – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มารีย์ (มารดาพระเยซู)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meryem" title="Meryem – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Meryem" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Изге Ана – Kitatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Изге Ана" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Kitatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Діва Марія – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Діва Марія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="کنواری مریم – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کنواری مریم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariya" title="Mariya – Kiuzbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mariya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Kiuzbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(mare_de_Jez%C3%B9)" title="Maria (mare de Jezù) – Kivenisi" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Maria (mare de Jezù)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Kivenisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria" title="Maria – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Maria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_(moedre_van_Jezus)" title="Maria (moedre van Jezus) – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Maria (moedre van Jezus)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mareye_(mame_da_Djezus)" title="Mareye (mame da Djezus) – Kiwaloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mareye (mame da Djezus)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Kiwaloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa,_iroy_ni_Jes%C3%BAs" title="María, iroy ni Jesús – Kiwaray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="María, iroy ni Jesús" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Kiwaray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%AF%8D%E7%91%AA%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="聖母瑪利亞 – Kichina cha Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="聖母瑪利亞" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Kichina cha Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariya,_umama_kaYesu" title="Mariya, umama kaYesu – Kixhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Mariya, umama kaYesu" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Kixhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მარია ღორონთიშნანა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მარია ღორონთიშნანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0r%C3%AD%C3%A0_(%C3%ACy%C3%A1_J%C3%A9s%C3%B9)" title="Màríà (ìyá Jésù) – Kiyoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Màríà (ìyá Jésù)" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Kiyoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E" title="ⵎⴰⵔⵢⴰⵎ – Kiberber Sanifu cha Moroko" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵎⴰⵔⵢⴰⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Kiberber Sanifu cha Moroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E_(%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E7%9A%84%E6%AF%8D%E8%A6%AA)" title="馬利亞 (耶穌的母親) – Kichina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="馬利亞 (耶穌的母親)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kichina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="瑪利亞 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="瑪利亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1-l%C4%AB-a" title="Má-lī-a – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Má-lī-a" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%AF%8D%E7%91%AA%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="聖母瑪利亞 – Kikantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="聖母瑪利亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kikantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q345#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Hariri viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Hariri viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Maeneo ya wiki"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria" title="Onyesha kurasa zilizopo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Makala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majadiliano:Bikira_Maria&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Mazungumzo kuhusu makala (bado 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aria-label="Mitazamo"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit" title="Hariri ukurasa huu na VisualEditor [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Hariri</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit" title="Hariri chanzo msimbo za ukurasa huu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Hariri chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=history" title="Mapitio ya awali ya ukurasa huu [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav 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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Zana</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vitendo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit" title="Hariri ukurasa huu na VisualEditor [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Hariri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit" title="Hariri chanzo msimbo za ukurasa huu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Hariri chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=history"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kijumla </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:VingoViungavyoUkurasahuu/Bikira_Maria" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote za Wiki zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Viungo viungavyo ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:RecentChangesLinked/Bikira_Maria" rel="nofollow" title="Mabadiliko ya karibuni ya katika kurasa zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Mabadiliko husika</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sw" title="Pakia picha, video, au sauti [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Pakia faili</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&oldid=1377941" title="Kiungo cha daima cha kufikisha pitio hili la ukurasa"><span>Kiungo cha daima</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Maelezo ya ukurasa</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Taja&page=Bikira_Maria&id=1377941&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Taarifa juu ya njia ya kutaja ukurasa huu"><span>Taja ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBikira_Maria"><span>Pata URL iliyofupishwa</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBikira_Maria"><span>Pakua msimbo wa QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chapa/peleka nje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kusanya&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Bikira+Maria"><span>Tunga kitabu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bikira_Maria&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pakua kama PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&printable=yes" title="Toleo linalochapika la ukurasa huu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Ukurasa wa kuchapika</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Miradi mingine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Virgin_Mary" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q345" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata kifungu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mandhari</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ficha</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><div class="icon" style="display: none; margin-top: 1.4em; float: right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Makala_nzuri_sana" title="Makala hii ni nzuri sana."><img alt="Makala hii ni nzuri sana." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/16px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/24px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/32px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Dietisalvi_di_Speme_Madonna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Dietisalvi_di_Speme_Madonna.jpg/220px-Dietisalvi_di_Speme_Madonna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Dietisalvi_di_Speme_Madonna.jpg/330px-Dietisalvi_di_Speme_Madonna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Dietisalvi_di_Speme_Madonna.jpg/440px-Dietisalvi_di_Speme_Madonna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1171" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Ukuu wa Bikira Maria unamtegemea Mwanae, Yesu.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Gentile_da_Fabriano,_Kreuzigung.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gentile_da_Fabriano%2C_Kreuzigung.jpg/200px-Gentile_da_Fabriano%2C_Kreuzigung.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gentile_da_Fabriano%2C_Kreuzigung.jpg/300px-Gentile_da_Fabriano%2C_Kreuzigung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gentile_da_Fabriano%2C_Kreuzigung.jpg/400px-Gentile_da_Fabriano%2C_Kreuzigung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1352" data-file-height="2183" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Stabat_Mater" title="Stabat Mater">Stabat Mater</a></i>, yaani picha ya Bikira Maria chini ya <a href="/wiki/Msalaba_wa_Yesu" title="Msalaba wa Yesu">msalaba wa Yesu</a>, kadiri ya <a href="/wiki/Gentile_wa_Fabriano" title="Gentile wa Fabriano">Gentile wa Fabriano</a>, <a href="/wiki/1410" title="1410">1410</a>-<a href="/wiki/1412" title="1412">1412</a> hivi.</figcaption></figure> <table style="text-align:center; float:right; clear:right; border: 1px solid #aaa; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; width:18em; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><small>Mfululizo wa kurasa juu ya Yesu</small><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:JesusYeshua.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yesu"><img alt="Yesu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/JesusYeshua.svg/150px-JesusYeshua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/JesusYeshua.svg/225px-JesusYeshua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/JesusYeshua.svg/300px-JesusYeshua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="234" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table class="collapsible" width="100%" style="border: 1px solid #ffffff"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #ffffff; padding-right: 4px; padding-left: 8px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #ffffff"><b><a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a> <a href="/wiki/Yesu_Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu Kristo">Kristo</a> na <a href="/wiki/Ukristo" title="Ukristo">Ukristo</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Umwilisho" title="Umwilisho">Umwilisho</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Utoto_wa_Yesu" title="Utoto wa Yesu">Utoto wa Yesu</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Ubatizo_wa_Bwana" title="Ubatizo wa Bwana">Ubatizo</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Arusi_ya_Kana" title="Arusi ya Kana">Arusi ya Kana</a> • <a href="/wiki/Utume_wa_Yesu" title="Utume wa Yesu">Utume wa Yesu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mifano_ya_Yesu" title="Mifano ya Yesu">Mifano ya Yesu</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Miujiza_ya_Yesu" title="Miujiza ya Yesu">Miujiza ya Yesu</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Yesu_Kugeuka_Sura" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu Kugeuka Sura">Kugeuka sura</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karamu_ya_mwisho" title="Karamu ya mwisho">Karamu ya mwisho</a> • <a href="/wiki/Msalaba_wa_Yesu" title="Msalaba wa Yesu">Msalaba wa Yesu</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Maneno_saba" title="Maneno saba">Maneno saba</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Kifo_cha_Yesu" title="Kifo cha Yesu">Kifo cha Yesu</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Ufufuko_wa_Yesu" title="Ufufuko wa Yesu">Ufufuko wa Yesu</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kupaa_mbinguni" class="mw-redirect" title="Kupaa mbinguni">Kupaa mbinguni</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Ujio_wa_pili" title="Ujio wa pili">Ujio wa pili</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Injili" title="Injili">Injili</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Majina_ya_Yesu_katika_Agano_Jipya" title="Majina ya Yesu katika Agano Jipya">Majina ya Yesu katika Agano Jipya</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Yesu_kadiri_ya_historia" title="Yesu kadiri ya historia">Yesu kadiri ya historia</a>  • <a href="/wiki/Tarehe_za_maisha_ya_Yesu" title="Tarehe za maisha ya Yesu">Tarehe za maisha ya Yesu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kristolojia" title="Kristolojia">Kristolojia</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <table class="collapsible" width="100%" style="border: 1px solid #ffffff"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #ffffff; padding-right: 4px; padding-left: 8px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #ffffff"><b><a href="/wiki/Mazingira_ya_Yesu" title="Mazingira ya Yesu">Mazingira ya Yesu</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Wayahudi" title="Wayahudi">Wayahudi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kiaramu" title="Kiaramu">Kiaramu</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bikira Maria</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yosefu_(mume_wa_Maria)" title="Yosefu (mume wa Maria)">Yosefu (mume wa Maria)</a> • <a href="/wiki/Familia_takatifu" title="Familia takatifu">Familia takatifu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ukoo_wa_Yesu" title="Ukoo wa Yesu">Ukoo wa Yesu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ndugu_wa_Yesu" title="Ndugu wa Yesu">Ndugu wa Yesu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yohane_Mbatizaji" title="Yohane Mbatizaji">Yohane Mbatizaji</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <table class="collapsible" width="100%" style="border: 1px solid #ffffff"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #ffffff; padding-right: 4px; padding-left: 8px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #ffffff"><b><a href="/wiki/Mitazamo_juu_ya_Yesu" title="Mitazamo juu ya Yesu">Mitazamo juu ya Yesu</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Mitazamo_ya_Agano_Jipya_juu_ya_Yesu" title="Mitazamo ya Agano Jipya juu ya Yesu">Mitazamo katika Agano Jipya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Mitazamo_ya_Kikristo_juu_ya_Yesu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitazamo ya Kikristo juu ya Yesu">Mitazamo ya Kikristo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mitazamo_ya_Kiyahudi_juu_ya_Yesu" title="Mitazamo ya Kiyahudi juu ya Yesu">Mitazamo ya Kiyahudi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Isa_katika_Uislamu" class="mw-redirect" title="Isa katika Uislamu">Mitazamo ya Kiislamu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yesu_katika_sanaa" title="Yesu katika sanaa">Yesu katika sanaa</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <center><div class="noprint plainlinks hlist navbar" style=""><span style="word-spacing:0;">This box: </span><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Yesu_Kristo" title="Kigezo:Yesu Kristo"><span title="Onyesha kizego" style="">onyesha</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_kigezo:Yesu_Kristo" title="Majadiliano ya kigezo:Yesu Kristo"><span title="Majadiliano ya kigezo" style="">majadiliano</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kigezo:Yesu_Kristo&action=edit"><span title="Hariri kigezo." style="">hariri</span></a></li></ul></div></center> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Maria</b> alikuwa <a href="/wiki/Mwanamke" title="Mwanamke">mwanamke</a> <a href="/wiki/Myahudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Myahudi">Myahudi</a> aliyeishi kati ya <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_1_KK" title="Karne ya 1 KK">karne ya 1 KK</a> na <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_1" title="Karne ya 1">karne ya 1</a> <a href="/wiki/BK" class="mw-redirect" title="BK">BK</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mke" title="Mke">Mke</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Yosefu_(mume_wa_Maria)" title="Yosefu (mume wa Maria)">Yosefu</a>, alimzaa <a href="/wiki/Yesu_Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu Kristo">Yesu Kristo</a>. </p><p>Kwa sababu hiyo na kwa <a href="/wiki/Utakatifu" title="Utakatifu">utakatifu</a> wake anapewa <a href="/wiki/Heshima_ya_pekee" class="mw-redirect" title="Heshima ya pekee">heshima ya pekee</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Madhehebu" title="Madhehebu">madhehebu</a> mengi ya <a href="/wiki/Ukristo" title="Ukristo">Ukristo</a>, lakini pia katika <a href="/wiki/Uislamu" title="Uislamu">Uislamu</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jina">Jina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Hariri sehemu: Jina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Jina"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Jina" title="Jina">Jina</a> asili kwa <a href="/wiki/Kiaramu" title="Kiaramu">Kiaramu</a> ni מרים, <i>Maryām</i> lenye maana ya "Bibi"; watafsiri wa kwanza wa <a href="/wiki/Biblia_ya_Kiebrania" title="Biblia ya Kiebrania">Biblia ya Kiebrania</a> wanaojulikana kama <a href="/wiki/Septuaginta" title="Septuaginta">Septuaginta</a> (LXX) waliliacha kama lilivyo wakiandika kwa <a href="/wiki/Kigiriki" title="Kigiriki">Kigiriki</a> Μαρίαμ, <i>Mariam</i>, au walilifupisha wakiandika Μαρία, <i>Maria</i>. </p><p>Katika <a href="/wiki/Kurani" title="Kurani">Kurani</a> jina hilo kwa <a href="/wiki/Kiarabu" title="Kiarabu">Kiarabu</a> ni مريم, <i>Maryam</i>. </p><p>Jina hilo limeenea sana duniani kote, hasa kwa <a href="/wiki/Heshima" title="Heshima">heshima</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Mama" title="Mama">mama</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a>. </p><p>Mwenyewe anatajwa kwa kawaida kwa kutanguliza <a href="/wiki/Sifa" title="Sifa">sifa</a> yake mojawapo, hasa <i>Bikira</i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mapokeo" title="Mapokeo">Mapokeo</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_2" title="Karne ya 2">karne ya 2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Injili_ya_Yakobo" title="Injili ya Yakobo">Injili ya Yakobo</a>) kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Bikira" title="Bikira">Bikira</a> Maria yanasema alikuwa binti pekee wa <a href="/wiki/Mtakatifu_Yohakimu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mtakatifu Yohakimu">Yohakimu</a> na <a href="/wiki/Mtakatifu_Ana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mtakatifu Ana">Ana</a>. Lakini habari muhimu zaidi ni zile zinazopatikana katika <a href="/wiki/Biblia_ya_Kikristo" title="Biblia ya Kikristo">Biblia ya Kikristo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bikira_Maria_katika_Biblia">Bikira Maria katika Biblia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira Maria katika Biblia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira Maria katika Biblia"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biblia_inashuhudia_kuwa_umuhimu_wa_watu_unatofautiana">Biblia inashuhudia kuwa umuhimu wa watu unatofautiana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Hariri sehemu: Biblia inashuhudia kuwa umuhimu wa watu unatofautiana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Biblia inashuhudia kuwa umuhimu wa watu unatofautiana"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Biblia" class="mw-disambig" title="Biblia">Maandiko matakatifu</a> yanawasifu watu mbalimbali kutokana na jinsi walivyomuamini <a href="/wiki/Mungu" title="Mungu">Mungu</a> na kutenda makuu kwa ajili ya taifa lake. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Abrahamu" title="Abrahamu">Abrahamu</a> alimuamini Mungu akawa tayari kumtolea <a href="/wiki/Sadaka" title="Sadaka">sadaka</a> mwanae <a href="/wiki/Isaka" title="Isaka">Isaka</a>, tukio lililomfanya apate <a href="/wiki/Baraka" title="Baraka">baraka</a> ya pekee ya kuwa baba wa waamini (Mwa 22:15-18). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yosefu_(babu)" title="Yosefu (babu)">Yosefu</a>, mwana mpenzi wa <a href="/wiki/Yakobo-Israeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakobo-Israeli">Yakobo-Israeli</a>, alikuwa mwaminifu hata akaliokoa taifa lisiangamie kwa <a href="/wiki/Njaa" title="Njaa">njaa</a> (Mwa 50:20). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Musa" title="Musa">Musa</a> ndiye <a href="/wiki/Mkombozi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mkombozi">mkombozi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Taifa_la_Mungu" title="Taifa la Mungu">taifa la Mungu</a> katika <a href="/wiki/Agano_la_Kale" title="Agano la Kale">Agano la Kale</a>: aliongoza <a href="/wiki/Israeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli">Israeli</a> kutoka <a href="/wiki/Utumwa" title="Utumwa">utumwani</a> <a href="/wiki/Misri" title="Misri">Misri</a> akalipatia <a href="/wiki/Sheria" title="Sheria">sheria</a> kutoka kwa Mungu katika mlima <a href="/wiki/Sinai" class="mw-disambig" title="Sinai">Sinai</a>. Maandiko ya Agano la Kale yanakiri, “Wala hajainuka kiongozi kama alivyokuwa Musa” (Kumb 34:10-12). </p><p>Waliofuata ni <a href="/wiki/Yoshua" title="Yoshua">Yoshua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debora" title="Debora">Debora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gideoni" title="Gideoni">Gideoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruthu" title="Ruthu">Ruthu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samweli" title="Samweli">Samweli</a>, wafalme <a href="/wiki/Daudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Daudi">Daudi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Solomoni" title="Solomoni">Solomoni</a>, manabii <a href="/wiki/Eliya" class="mw-redirect" title="Eliya">Eliya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaya">Isaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yeremia" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeremia">Yeremia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ezekieli" class="mw-redirect" title="Ezekieli">Ezekieli</a> na wengineo. </p><p>Mwishoni <a href="/wiki/Yesu_Kristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesu Kristo">Yesu Kristo</a> akamsifu <a href="/wiki/Yohane_Mbatizaji" title="Yohane Mbatizaji">Yohane Mbatizaji</a> akisema, “Ni mkuu kati ya uzao wa wanawake” (Lk 7:24-28). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Elizabeti" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Elizabeti">Elizabeti</a>, mama wa Yohane, alijiona hastahili kutembelewa na Bikira Maria, Mama wa Yesu, akamuita, “Mama wa Bwana wangu” (Lk 1:43). </p><p>Bikira Maria si mtu wa ziada katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mpango_wa_Mungu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mpango wa Mungu (bado haujaandikwa)">mpango wa Mungu</a> bali ni mshiriki mkuu wa <a href="/wiki/Ukombozi" title="Ukombozi">ukombozi</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Binadamu" title="Binadamu">binadamu</a>. Maria amechangia wokovu kwa kukubali mpango wote wa Mungu aliyetaka amzae Mwanae, amlee na kumfuata kiaminifu hadi msalabani, aliposhiriki kumtoa kama sadaka ya kutuokoa. Msimamo wake ulikuwa mmoja tu: “Tazama, mimi ni mjakazi wa Bwana; na iwe kwangu kama ulivyosema” (Lk 1:38). </p><p>Tukichunguza nafasi yake katika <a href="/wiki/Fumbo" title="Fumbo">fumbo</a> hilo, tunaweza kukiri pamoja naye kuwa ni <a href="/wiki/Mwenyezi_Mungu" title="Mwenyezi Mungu">Mwenyezi Mungu</a> aliyemtendea makuu (Lk 1:49), kwa kuwa, “Mtu hawezi kuwa na kitu asipopewa na Mungu” (Yoh 3:27). </p><p>Yale yote ambayo <a href="/wiki/Wakristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Wakristo">Wakristo</a> wengi wanayasadiki kuhusu Bikira Maria, hakujipatia bali alijaliwa na Mwenyezi Mungu huku akiitikia kwa <a href="/wiki/Hiari" title="Hiari">hiari</a> fumbo la mpango wake. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utabiri_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria">Utabiri kuhusu Bikira Maria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Hariri sehemu: Utabiri kuhusu Bikira Maria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Utabiri kuhusu Bikira Maria"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Biblia inatupatia <a href="/wiki/Utabiri" title="Utabiri">utabiri</a> uliotolewa na Mungu mwanzoni mwa <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">historia</a> kuhusu <a href="/wiki/Mwanamke" title="Mwanamke">mwanamke</a> atakayemshinda <a href="/wiki/Nyoka" title="Nyoka">nyoka</a> wa kale (<a href="/wiki/Shetani" title="Shetani">Shetani</a>): “Nitaweka uadui kati yako na huyu mwanamke, kati ya uzao wako na uzao wake; huo utakuponda kichwa chako” (Mwa 3:15). Juu ya [[Eva wa kale, ambaye alidanganywa na kuangushwa na Shetani atende <a href="/wiki/Dhambi" title="Dhambi">dhambi</a>, imesemwa: “<a href="/wiki/Adamu" title="Adamu">Adamu</a> akamwita <a href="/wiki/Mke" title="Mke">mkewe</a> jina lake Hawa, kwa kuwa ndiye aliye Mama wa walio hai” (Mwa 3:20). Hata hivyo Adamu na Eva wa kale wametuletea <a href="/wiki/Kifo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kifo">kifo</a> (Rom 5:12). <a href="/wiki/Mababu_wa_Kanisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mababu wa Kanisa">Mababu wa Kanisa</a> wanamtazama Bikira Maria kama <a href="/wiki/Eva_mpya" title="Eva mpya">Eva mpya</a> aliyemshinda <a href="/wiki/Ibilisi" title="Ibilisi">Ibilisi</a> na kuwa mama wa wote walio hai. <a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a>, aliye <a href="/wiki/Adamu_mpya" title="Adamu mpya">Adamu mpya</a>, alipokuwa anakamilisha sadaka ya ukombozi pale <a href="/wiki/Msalaba" title="Msalaba">msalabani</a> alimfanya Mama yake awe Mama wa waliokombolewa kwa kumkabidhi <a href="/wiki/Mwanafunzi" title="Mwanafunzi">mwanafunzi</a>, tena yule aliyempenda zaidi. “Penye msalaba wake Yesu walikuwa wamesimama mamaye, na umbu la mamaye, Mariamu wa Kleopa, na Mariamu Magdalene. Basi Yesu alipomwona mama yake, na yule mwanafunzi aliyempenda amesimama karibu, alimwambia mama yake, “Mama, tazama, mwanao”. Kisha akamwambia yule mwanafunzi, “Tazama, mama yako”. Na tangu saa ile mwanafunzi yule akamchukua nyumbani kwake. (Yoh 19:26-27). </p><p>Utabiri mwingine ulisema, “Tazama Bikira atachukua <a href="/wiki/Mimba" title="Mimba">mimba</a>, atazaa <a href="/wiki/Mtoto" title="Mtoto">mtoto</a> <a href="/wiki/Mwanamume" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwanamume">mwanamume</a>, naye atamuita jina lake <a href="/wiki/Emanueli" title="Emanueli">Emanueli</a>, yaani Mungu pamoja nasi” (Isa 7:14). Dondoo hilo linalinganishwa na Lk 1:34-35, “Mariamu akamwambia <a href="/wiki/Malaika" title="Malaika">malaika</a>, Litakuwaje neno hili, maana sijui <a href="/wiki/Mume" title="Mume">mume</a>? Malaika akajibu akamwambia, <a href="/wiki/Roho_Mtakatifu" title="Roho Mtakatifu">Roho Mtakatifu</a> akakujilia juu yako, na nguvu zake <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aliye_juu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aliye juu (bado haujaandikwa)">Aliye juu</a> zitakufunika kama kivuli. Kwa sababu hicho kitakachozaliwa kitaitwa kitakatifu, <a href="/wiki/Mwana_wa_Mungu" title="Mwana wa Mungu">Mwana wa Mungu</a>”. “Imba, ee binti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sion (bado haujaandikwa)">Sion</a>, piga kelele, ee Israeli, furahi na kushangilia kwa moyo wako wote, ee binti <a href="/wiki/Yerusalemu" title="Yerusalemu">Yerusalemu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mfalme" title="Mfalme">Mfalme</a> wa Israeli, naam, yeye <a href="/wiki/Bwana" title="Bwana">Bwana</a> yu katikati yako” (Sef 3:14-15). Dondoo hilo linalinganishwa na Lk 1:28: “Malaika akaingia nyumbani mwake akamwambia, ‘Furahi Maria, umejaliwa neema kubwa, Bwana yu pamoja nawe’”. “Umebarikiwa wewe katika kila <a href="/wiki/Hema" title="Hema">hema</a> la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuda (bado haujaandikwa)">Yuda</a> na katika kila taifa, nao wanaposikia jina lako watafadhaika. <a href="/wiki/Imani" title="Imani">Imani</a> yako haitatoka mioyoni mwa watu wanaoukumbuka uweza wa Mungu <a href="/wiki/Milele" title="Milele">milele</a>” (Yudithi 14:7; 15:9). Dondoo hilo linalinganishwa na Lk 1:42, “Akapaza sauti kwa nguvu akasema, ‘Umebarikiwa wewe kuliko wanawake wote, na yeye utakayemzaa amebarikiwa’”. </p><p>Bikira Maria ni fumbo la ajabu alilolifanya Mungu katika mpango wa <a href="/wiki/Wokovu" title="Wokovu">wokovu</a> kwa ajili yake na kwa ajili yetu. Jamaa yake Elizabeti alimpongeza tena akiongozwa na Roho Mtakatifu, “<a href="/wiki/Heri" title="Heri">Heri</a> yako wewe uliyesadiki kwamba yatatimia yale uliyoambiwa na Bwana” (Lk 1:45). </p><p>Hivyo manabii mbalimbali kwa mwanga wa Roho Mtakatifu walimuagua Maria kwa heshima. Mambo yaliyotabiriwa katika Agano la Kale yalitimia katika <a href="/wiki/Agano_Jipya" title="Agano Jipya">Agano Jipya</a>: ukombozi ulianza Bikira Maria alipokubali kwa imani fumbo la <a href="/wiki/Umwilisho" title="Umwilisho">umwilisho</a> wa Mwana wa Mungu. Bikira Maria hakuwa “chombo” tu kilichotumika bila ya kuelewa, bali alikuwa mshiriki huru wa kazi ya ukombozi ya Mwanae, kwa kuwa alipopashwa habari na malaika alikubali kwa hiari mpango wa Mungu akisema, “Mimi ni mtumishi wa Bwana, na iwe kwangu kama ulivyonena” (Lk 1:38). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bikira_Maria_katika_maisha_ya_Yesu">Bikira Maria katika maisha ya Yesu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira Maria katika maisha ya Yesu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira Maria katika maisha ya Yesu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yesu, kama mtu yeyote mcha Mungu, aliwaheshimu na kuwatii wazee wake: “Basi, akarudi pamoja nao <a href="/wiki/Nazareti" title="Nazareti">Nazareti</a>, akawa anawatii” (Lk 2:51). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ishara" title="Ishara">Ishara</a> ya kwanza kwenye <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maisha_ya_hadhara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maisha ya hadhara (bado haujaandikwa)">maisha ya hadhara</a> ya Yesu iliongozwa na Bikira Maria katika <a href="/wiki/Arusi" class="mw-redirect" title="Arusi">arusi</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">Kana</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Galilaya" title="Galilaya">Galilaya</a>, akisukumwa na <a href="/wiki/Huruma" title="Huruma">huruma</a> kwa wenye shida: kwa ombi lake Yesu aligeuza <a href="/wiki/Maji" title="Maji">maji</a> kuwa <a href="/wiki/Divai" title="Divai">divai</a>, na wanafunzi wake wakamwamini. Yohane alisimulia hivi, “Siku ya tatu palikuwa na arusi huko Kana, mji wa Galilaya; naye mama yake Yesu alikuwapo. Yesu naye alikuwa amealikwa arusini pamoja na wanafunzi wake. Hata divai ilipowatindikia, mamaye Yesu akamwambia, ‘Hawana divai’. Yesu akamwambia, ‘Mama tuna nini mimi nawe? Saa yangu haijawadia’. Mamaye akawaambia watumishi, ‘Lo lote atakalowaambia, fanyeni’. Basi kulikuwako huko mabalasi sita ya mawe, nayo yamewekwa huko kwa desturi ya Wayahudi ya kutawadha, kila moja lapata kadiri ya nzio mbili tatu. Yesu akawaambia, ‘Jalizeni mabalasi maji’. Nao wakayajaliza hata juu. Akawaambia, ‘Sasa tekeni, mkampelekee mkuu wa meza’. Wakapelekea. Naye mkuu wa meza alipoyaonja yale maji yaliyopata kuwa divai, (wala asijue ilikotoka, lakini watumishi walijua, wale walioyateka yale maj), yule mkuu wa meza alimwita bwana arusi, akamwambia, ‘Kila mtu kwanza huandaa divai iliyo njema; hata watu wakiisha kunywa sana ndipo huleta iliyo dhaifu; wewe umeiweka divai iliyo njema hata sasa’. Mwanzo huo wa ishara Yesu aliufanya huko Kana ya Galilaya, akaudhihirisha utukufu wake, nao wanafunzi wake wakamwamini. (Yoh 2:1-12). </p><p>Bikira Maria anasifiwa kwanza kwa imani yake kuu kabisa, kuliko kwa kumchukua Yesu tumboni tu. Yesu alitaka kuwainua wasikilizaji wake wafuate mambo ya roho kuliko ya mwili. “Basi, mtu mmoja akamwambia, ‘Mama yako na ndugu zako wako nje, wataka kusema nawe’. Lakini Yesu akamjibu huyo mtu aliyemwambia hivyo, ‘Mama yangu ni nani, na ndugu zangu ni akina nani?’ Kisha akanyosha mkono wake juu ya wanafunzi wake akasema, ‘Hawa ndio Mama yangu na ndugu zangu, maana yeyote anayefanya anavyotaka Baba yangu aliye mbinguni, huyo ndiye kaka yangu na dada yangu na mama yangu’” (Math 12:46-50). Vilevile, wakati wa <a href="/wiki/Utume" title="Utume">utume</a> wake, alimsikia “mwanamke mmoja katika lile kundi la watu akisema, ‘Hongera kwa mwanamke aliyekuzaa na kukunyonyesha’. Yesu akamjibu, ‘Barabara, lakini heri yake zaidi yule anayelisikia Neno la Mungu na kulishika’” (Mk 11:27-28). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bikira_Maria_alivyoshiriki_Mateso_ya_Yesu">Bikira Maria alivyoshiriki Mateso ya Yesu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira Maria alivyoshiriki Mateso ya Yesu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira Maria alivyoshiriki Mateso ya Yesu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Katika kumfuata Mwanae Bikira Maria alitabiriwa wazi na <a href="/wiki/Mzee_Simeoni" title="Mzee Simeoni">mzee Simeoni</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uchungu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uchungu (bado haujaandikwa)">uchungu</a> kama <a href="/wiki/Upanga" title="Upanga">upanga</a> utakaopenya <a href="/wiki/Moyo" title="Moyo">moyo</a> wake, “Tazama huyu amewekwa kwa kuanguka na kuinuka wengi katika Israeli, na kuwa ishara itakayonenewa. Nawe mwenyewe uchungu ulio kama upanga utauchoma moyo wako” (Lk 2:34-35). </p><p>Bikira Maria alishiriki kwanza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mateso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mateso (bado haujaandikwa)">mateso</a> ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukimbizi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukimbizi (bado haujaandikwa)">ukimbizi</a> huko Misri kwa lengo la kumficha Mwanae asiuawe na <a href="/wiki/Herode_Mkuu" title="Herode Mkuu">Herode Mkuu</a>, “Hivyo Yosefu aliamka akamchukua mtoto pamoja na Mama yake akaondoka usiku akaenda Misri akakaa huko mpaka Herode alipokufa” (Math 2:14-15). </p><p>Bikira Maria alishuhudia hatua kwa hatua kuteswa kwa Yesu; wanafunzi walipokimbia au kumtazama kwa mbali, yeye alikuwa karibu akaona vema kila teso lililompata Mwanae. Kutokana na fungamano la <a href="/wiki/Upendo" title="Upendo">upendo</a> wa ajabu lililokuwepo kati ya Yesu na Mamaye, alipoyashuhudia yote aliteseka sana katika moyo wake safi, kiasi kwamba <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_wa_Klervoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernardo wa Klervoo">Bernardo wa Klervoo</a> akasema, “Msalaba wa Yesu uliwasulubisha wote wawili, Yesu mwilini na Mama yake moyoni”. Uaguzi wa mzee Simeoni ulitimia hivyo. </p><p>Kadiri ya <a href="/wiki/Mtume_Paulo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mtume Paulo">mtume Paulo</a> kuteseka ni kutimiliza yaliyopungua katika mateso ya Kristo kwa ajili ya <a href="/wiki/Kanisa" title="Kanisa">Kanisa</a>, “Na sasa nafurahi kuteseka kwa ajili yenu, maana kwa mateso yangu hapa duniani nasaidia kukamilisha kile kilichopungua bado katika mateso ya Kristo” (Kol 1:24). “... maana tukiyashiriki mateso yake Kristo, tutaushiriki pia <a href="/wiki/Utukufu" title="Utukufu">utukufu</a> wake” (Rom 8:17b). </p><p>Pale msalabani Bikira Maria, kwa njia ya <a href="/wiki/Mtume_Yohane" title="Mtume Yohane">mtume Yohane</a> alifanywa Mama wa wote wanaompenda Mwanae; kisha kumzaa pasipo uchungu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bwana_wa_uzima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bwana wa uzima (bado haujaandikwa)">Bwana wa uzima</a>, pale alituzaa sisi kwa uchungu wa kutisha uliotokana na kumuona Mwanae akifa msalabani. Hata hivyo Bikira Maria aliendelea kumuamini Mwanae aliyeonekana ameshindwa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bikira_Maria_baada_ya_kifo_cha_Yesu">Bikira Maria baada ya kifo cha Yesu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira Maria baada ya kifo cha Yesu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira Maria baada ya kifo cha Yesu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bikira Maria alikuwepo hapo mwanzo wa Kanisa, akilivutia zaidi Roho Mtakatifu kwa <a href="/wiki/Sala" title="Sala">sala</a> yake. “Hao wote walikusanyika pamoja kusali, pamoja na wanawake kadha wa kadha, na Maria Mama yake Yesu na ndugu zake” (Mdo 1:14). </p><p>Yesu alisema, “Ninayo bado mengi ya kuwaambieni, ila kwa sasa hamwezi kuyastahimili, lakini atakapokuja huyo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roho_wa_ukweli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roho wa ukweli (bado haujaandikwa)">Roho wa ukweli</a> atawaongoza kwenye <a href="/wiki/Ukweli" title="Ukweli">ukweli</a> wote” (Yoh 16:12-13). Kwa msaada wa Roho Mtakatifu heshima kwa Bikira Maria ilienea katika Kanisa lote tangu zamani kabisa kadiri ya utabiri wake kuwa ataheshimiwa na vizazi vyote, “Kwa kuwa amemwangalia kwa huruma mtumishi wake mdogo, hivyo tangu sasa vizazi vyote wataniita mwenye heri” (Lk 1:48). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dogma_za_Kanisa_Katoliki_kuhusu_Bikira_Maria"><a href="/wiki/Dogma" title="Dogma">Dogma</a> za <a href="/wiki/Kanisa_Katoliki" title="Kanisa Katoliki">Kanisa Katoliki</a> kuhusu Bikira Maria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Hariri sehemu: Dogma za Kanisa Katoliki kuhusu Bikira Maria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Dogma za Kanisa Katoliki kuhusu Bikira Maria"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kuna mafundisho makuu manne kumhusu Bikira Maria ambayo ni lazima kila Mkatoliki ayasadiki kutokana na <a href="/wiki/Ufunuo" title="Ufunuo">ufunuo</a> wa Mungu: </p> <ol><li>B. Maria <a href="/wiki/Mkingiwa_dhambi_ya_asili" class="mw-redirect" title="Mkingiwa dhambi ya asili">mkingiwa dhambi ya asili</a></li> <li>B. Maria <a href="/wiki/Mama_wa_Mungu" title="Mama wa Mungu">Mama wa Mungu</a></li> <li>B. Maria <a href="/wiki/Bikira_daima" class="mw-redirect" title="Bikira daima">Bikira daima</a></li> <li>B. Maria <a href="/wiki/Kupalizwa_mbinguni" class="mw-redirect" title="Kupalizwa mbinguni">kupalizwa mbinguni</a> mwili na roho</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mkingiwa_Dhambi_ya_Asili">Mkingiwa Dhambi ya Asili</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Hariri sehemu: Mkingiwa Dhambi ya Asili" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Mkingiwa Dhambi ya Asili"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malaika alimsalimia Maria “umejaa neema” (Lk 1:28) maana ndiye tunda bora la ukombozi ulioletwa na Yesu. Ni imani ya Wakatoliki kwamba kwa stahili za Mwanae alikingiwa asirithi kwa wazazi dhambi ya asili na madonda yanayotokana nayo, wala asitende dhambi maisha yake yote. Kwa maneno mengine, Bikira Maria tangu atungwe mimba Mungu alimkinga na kila doa la dhambi kwa kutazamia <a href="/wiki/Stahili" title="Stahili">stahili</a> za Yesu Kristo aliye Mkombozi wa binadamu wote. Maria ndiye aliyekombolewa kwa namna bora kushinda viungo vyote vya Kanisa. Maisha yake yote hakutenda dhambi hata moja. Mapokeo ya <a href="/wiki/Mashariki" title="Mashariki">mashariki</a> yanamuita “A Panagia” = “Mtakatifu tu”. Dogma hiyo ilitangazwa na <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pius_IX" title="Papa Pius IX">papa Pius IX</a> mwaka <a href="/wiki/1854" title="1854">1854</a>, halafu mwaka <a href="/wiki/1858" title="1858">1858</a> Bikira Maria alijitambulisha kama Mkingiwa kwa <a href="/wiki/Bernadeta_Soubirous" title="Bernadeta Soubirous">Bernadeta Soubirous</a> huko <a href="/wiki/Lurdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Lurdi">Lurdi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ufaransa" title="Ufaransa">Ufaransa</a>) kadiri ya <a href="/wiki/Njozi" title="Njozi">njozi</a> zilizokubaliwa na Kanisa hilo. Tena waumini wake wanaelekezwa kuamini kwamba mwaka <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a> huko <a href="/wiki/Fatima" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatima">Fatima</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ureno" title="Ureno">Ureno</a>) aliwafunulia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusia_Marto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lusia Marto (bado haujaandikwa)">Lusia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fransisko_Marto" class="mw-redirect" title="Fransisko Marto">Fransisko</a> na <a href="/wiki/Yasinta_Marto" class="mw-redirect" title="Yasinta Marto">Yasinta Marto</a> moyo wake safi usio na doa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mama_wa_Mungu">Mama wa Mungu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Hariri sehemu: Mama wa Mungu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Mama wa Mungu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Injili_ya_Yohane" title="Injili ya Yohane">Injili ya Yohane</a> inaanza kwa kishindo, “Hapo mwanzo kulikuwako <a href="/wiki/Neno" title="Neno">Neno</a>, naye Neno alikuwako kwa Mungu, naye Neno alikuwa Mungu” (Yoh 1:1). Huyo <a href="/wiki/Mungu_Mwana" title="Mungu Mwana">Mungu Mwana</a> alitwaa ubinadamu katika Bikira Maria akazaliwa mtoto, jina lake Yesu, maana yake Mungu Mwokozi. Huyo ni binadamu kama sisi katika yote isipokuwa dhambi. Ubinadamu wa Yesu unategemea <a href="/wiki/Nafsi" title="Nafsi">Nafsi</a> yake ya Kimungu: akisema, ‘Mimi’, ni kwa Nafsi yake hiyo. Ndiyo maana aliwaambia <a href="/wiki/Wayahudi" title="Wayahudi">Wayahudi</a>, “Kweli nawaambia, kabla Abrahamu hajazaliwa, nalikuwepo” (Yoh 8:50). “Kama vile <a href="/wiki/Baba" title="Baba">Baba</a> alivyo <a href="/wiki/Asili" title="Asili">asili</a> ya uhai, ndivyo alivyomjalia Mwanae kuwa asili ya uhai” (Yoh 5:26). </p><p>Mtume Paulo akaeleza, “Wakati maalumu ulipotimia Mungu alimtuma Mwanae aliyezaliwa na mwanamke” (Gal 4:4). Bikira Maria ni Mama wa Mungu kwanzia wakati huo: tangu Bikira Maria alipojaliwa kumchukua mimba, kumzaa, kumnyonyesha na kumlea mtu ambaye kwa asili ni Mungu. Cheo hicho kimemuinua juu kuliko hata malaika. “Malaika alimwambia, ‘Hicho kitakachozaliwa kitaitwa Kitakatifu, Mwana wa Mungu’” (Lk 1:35). </p><p>Dogma ilitangazwa mwaka <a href="/wiki/431" title="431">431</a> kwenye <a href="/wiki/Mtaguso_wa_Efeso" title="Mtaguso wa Efeso">Mtaguso wa Efeso</a> uliomuita “Mzazi wa Mungu”, ukisema Maria anastahili kuitwa hivyo kwa sababu Mwana wa milele wa Mungu, ambaye ni Mungu sawa na Baba, alifanyika mtu toka kwake. Akiwa mja mzito alishangiliwa: “Umebarikiwa wewe katika wanawake, naye mzao wa tumbo lako amebarikiwa. Limenitokeaje neno hili, hata mama wa Bwana wangu anijilie mimi?” (Lk 1:42-43). Ungamo hilo la Elizabeti likakamilishwa na <a href="/wiki/Mtume_Thoma" title="Mtume Thoma">Mtume Thoma</a> aliyemuambia Yesu mfufuka: “Bwana wangu na Mungu wangu!” (Yoh 20:28). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bikira_na_Mama">Bikira na Mama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira na Mama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira na Mama"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wakristo na <a href="/wiki/Waislamu" class="mw-redirect" title="Waislamu">Waislamu</a> wote wanakiri kuwa Yesu alitungwa bila ya mchango wa mwanamume. La ajabu zaidi katika imani hiyo ni kwamba hata uzazi wenyewe haukuondoa ubikira wake, bali uliutakasa: ni Bikira daima. Ingawa akili inasita, ni lazima kukiri na malaika, “Hakuna lisilowezekana kwa Mungu” (Lk 1:38). <a href="/wiki/Yosefu" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosefu">Yosefu</a>, ingawa kisheria alikuwa mume wake, hakutenda naye <a href="/wiki/Tendo_la_ndoa" title="Tendo la ndoa">tendo la ndoa</a>. </p><p>Ni imani ya Wakatoliki na Waorthodoksi kuwa Mama wa Yesu anastahili kuitwa “Bikira daima” kwa sababu alimchukua mimba akiwa bikira, akamzaa bila ya kupotewa na ubikira, akabaki bikira hadi mwisho wa maisha yake. Hamu yake ya kuwa bikira hata kisha kuchumbiwa inajitokeza katika jibu alilompa malaika aliyemtabiria mimba: “Litakuwaje neno hili, maana sijui mume?” (Lk 1:35). Ni kielelezo cha Wakristo ambao Mtume Paulo aliwaandikia: “Nawaonea wivu, wivu wa Mungu; kwa kuwa naliwaposea mume mmoja, ili nimletee Kristo bikira safi” (2Kor 11:2), “mpate kumhudumia Bwana pasipo kuvutwa na mambo mengine” (1Kor 7:35). </p><p>Wanaosemwa katika <a href="/wiki/Injili" title="Injili">Injili</a> “ndugu zake Yesu” si watoto wa Bikira Maria, bali ndugu wa ukoo waliokuwa jirani sana na familia hiyo takatifu. Kama Bikira Maria angekuwa na watoto wengine, Yesu angekuwa amefanya kosa la kuwanyang’anya Mama yao na kumfanya awe Mama wa mtume Yohane alipomkabidhi msalabani, “‘Mwana, tazama Mama yako’. Na tangu saa ile huyo mwanafunzi alimchukua akae nyumbani kwake” (Yoh 19:27). </p><p>Katika Agano Jipya yupo Yakobo anayeitwa na mtume Paulo “ndugu yake Bwana” (Gal 1:19): Yakobo huyo alikuwa maarufu katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanisa_la_Yerusalemu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanisa la Yerusalemu (bado haujaandikwa)">Kanisa la Yerusalemu</a> (Mdo 12:7; 15:13-21; 21:18-20; Gal 2:9). Yakobo huyo si mtume Yakobo kaka yake Yohane (Lk 6:12-16), bali ni Yakobo ndugu yake Yose na mama yao kwenye Injili anaitwa “Maria mwingine”, si Maria Mama wa Yesu. “Walikuwepo pia wanawake waliotazama kwa mbali. Miongoni mwao akiwa <a href="/wiki/Maria_Magdalena" title="Maria Magdalena">Maria Magdalena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salome" class="mw-redirect" title="Salome">Salome</a> na Maria mama wa akina <a href="/wiki/Yakobo_mdogo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakobo mdogo">Yakobo mdogo</a> na Yose” (Mk 15:40). Maria lilikuwa jina la kawaida kwa Wayahudi: akina Maria wakiwa wengi hivyo, tujue kuwatofautisha kwenye Injili, ambazo zinamtaja Bikira Maria kama “Mama wa Yesu”. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kupalizwa_Mbinguni_mwili_na_roho">Kupalizwa Mbinguni mwili na roho</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Hariri sehemu: Kupalizwa Mbinguni mwili na roho" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Kupalizwa Mbinguni mwili na roho"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baada ya maisha haya ya duniani Bikira Maria alipalizwa mbinguni mwili na roho, ishara ya mwanamke mshindi. “Ishara kubwa ikaonekana mbinguni, ambapo mwanamke aliyevikwa <a href="/wiki/Jua" title="Jua">jua</a>, pia na <a href="/wiki/Mwezi" title="Mwezi">mwezi</a> chini ya miguu yake, na taji la <a href="/wiki/Nyota" title="Nyota">nyota</a> kumi na mbili juu ya kichwa chake” (Ufu 12:1). Maneno ya shangilio lake yametimia: Mungu “amewaangusha wakuu katika viti vyao vya enzi; na wanyonge amewakweza” (Lk 1:52). </p><p>Imani hiyo ya mapokeo ya kale, yanavyoshuhudiwa na Mababu wa Kanisa, ilitangazwa rasmi na <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pius_XII" title="Papa Pius XII">Papa Pius XII</a> kwa niaba ya ma<a href="/wiki/Askofu" title="Askofu">askofu</a> wote mwaka <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heshima_za_Liturujia_ya_Kiroma_kwa_Maria">Heshima za <a href="/wiki/Liturujia_ya_Kiroma" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturujia ya Kiroma">Liturujia ya Kiroma</a> kwa Maria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Hariri sehemu: Heshima za Liturujia ya Kiroma kwa Maria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Heshima za Liturujia ya Kiroma kwa Maria"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Katika <a href="/wiki/Liturujia_ya_Roma" title="Liturujia ya Roma">liturujia ya Roma</a>, mbali ya kumtaja Mama Bikira Maria katika kila <a href="/wiki/Misa" title="Misa">Misa</a> wakati wa <a href="/wiki/Anafora" title="Anafora">sala ya ekaristi</a>, kuna maadhimisho kwa heshima yake. Hapa yamepangwa kulingana na kiwango cha heshima hiyo: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sherehe"><a href="/wiki/Sherehe" title="Sherehe">Sherehe</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Hariri sehemu: Sherehe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Sherehe"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>8 Desemba – Bikira Maria Mkingiwa Dhambi ya Asili</li> <li>1 Januari – Bikira Maria Mama wa Mungu</li> <li>25 Machi – Bikira Maria Kupashwa Habari</li> <li>15 Agosti – Bikira Maria Kupalizwa Mbinguni</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sikukuu"><a href="/wiki/Sikukuu" title="Sikukuu">Sikukuu</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Hariri sehemu: Sikukuu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Sikukuu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>31 Mei – <a href="/wiki/Ziara_ya_Bikira_Maria" title="Ziara ya Bikira Maria">Ziara ya Bikira Maria</a></li> <li>8 Septemba – <a href="/wiki/Kuzaliwa_kwa_Bikira_Maria" title="Kuzaliwa kwa Bikira Maria">Kuzaliwa kwa Bikira Maria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kumbukumbu"><a href="/wiki/Kumbukumbu" title="Kumbukumbu">Kumbukumbu</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Hariri sehemu: Kumbukumbu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Kumbukumbu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mei-Juni - <a href="/wiki/Mama_wa_Kanisa" title="Mama wa Kanisa">Mama wa Kanisa</a></li> <li>Juni – <a href="/wiki/Moyo_Safi_wa_Maria" title="Moyo Safi wa Maria">Moyo Safi wa Maria</a></li> <li>15 Septemba – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_wa_Mateso" title="Bikira Maria wa Mateso">Bikira Maria wa Mateso</a></li> <li>22 Agosti – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_Malkia" title="Bikira Maria Malkia">Bikira Maria Malkia</a></li> <li>7 Oktoba – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_wa_Rozari" title="Bikira Maria wa Rozari">Bikira Maria wa Rozari</a></li> <li>21 Novemba – Bikira <a href="/wiki/Maria_kutolewa_hekaluni" title="Maria kutolewa hekaluni">Maria Kutolewa</a> <a href="/wiki/Hekalu" title="Hekalu">Hekaluni</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kumbukumbu_za_hiari"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumbukumbu_za_hiari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumbukumbu za hiari (bado haujaandikwa)">Kumbukumbu za hiari</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Hariri sehemu: Kumbukumbu za hiari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Kumbukumbu za hiari"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>11 Februari – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_wa_Lurdi" title="Bikira Maria wa Lurdi">Bikira Maria wa Lurdi</a></li> <li>13 Mei – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_wa_Fatima" title="Bikira Maria wa Fatima">Bikira Maria wa Fatima</a></li> <li>16 Julai – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_wa_Mlima_Karmeli" title="Bikira Maria wa Mlima Karmeli">Bikira Maria wa Mlima Karmeli</a></li> <li>5 Agosti – Kutabaruku Kanisa la Bikira Maria</li> <li>12 Septemba – <a href="/wiki/Jina_takatifu_la_Maria" title="Jina takatifu la Maria">Jina takatifu la Maria</a></li> <li>10 Desemba – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_wa_Loreto" title="Bikira Maria wa Loreto">Bikira Maria wa Loreto</a></li> <li>12 Desemba – <a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_wa_Guadalupe" title="Bikira Maria wa Guadalupe">Bikira Maria wa Guadalupe</a></li></ul> <p>Tena kila <a href="/wiki/Jumamosi" title="Jumamosi">Jumamosi</a> isiyo na adhimisho maalumu, Kanisa huadhimisha kumbukumbu ya hiari ya Mama wa Mungu. </p><p>Pia zipo heshima za binafsi kwa Bikira Maria: <a href="/wiki/Ukristo_wa_Mashariki" title="Ukristo wa Mashariki">mashariki</a> zinatumika tenzi na nyimbo mbalimbali, k.mf. <a href="/wiki/Akatistos" title="Akatistos">Akatistos</a> inayomuita “<a href="/wiki/Daraja" title="Daraja">daraja</a> linalounganisha <a href="/wiki/Dunia" title="Dunia">dunia</a> na <a href="/wiki/Mbingu" title="Mbingu">mbingu</a>”, “<a href="/wiki/Ngazi" class="mw-disambig" title="Ngazi">ngazi</a> aliyoiona Yakobo” “kina kisichochunguzika kwa macho ya malaika” (Mwa 28:12); <a href="/wiki/Ukristo_wa_magharibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukristo wa magharibi">magharibi</a> anaheshimiwa kwa <a href="/wiki/Rozari" title="Rozari">rozari</a>. </p><p>Wakristo wanaomheshimu Bikira Maria hawamuabudu hata kidogo, lakini wanamtolea heshima ya juu kuliko watakatifu wengine. Tofauti ni kwamba Mungu tu anastahili kuabudiwa (kwa <a href="/wiki/Kigiriki" title="Kigiriki">Kigiriki</a>, ‘latria’) watakatifu wanapewa heshima (‘dulia’) na Bikira Maria heshima zaidi (‘yuper-dulia’). Kanisa Katoliki linakiri neema zote za Mungu zinampitia Maria. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bikira_Maria_kati_ya_Waorthodoksi">Bikira Maria kati ya <a href="/wiki/Waorthodoksi" title="Waorthodoksi">Waorthodoksi</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira Maria kati ya Waorthodoksi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira Maria kati ya Waorthodoksi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Oranta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Oranta.jpg/300px-Oranta.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="491" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Oranta.jpg/450px-Oranta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Oranta.jpg/600px-Oranta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="2126" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Panagia" title="Panagia">Panagia</a> kutoka <a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_13" title="Karne ya 13">karne ya 13</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kwa kiasi kikubwa imani ya Waorthodoksi kuhusu Maria inalingana na ile ya Wakatoliki, ingawa hawakubali jinsi baadhi ya dogma hizo zilivyotangazwa na pengine hata jinsi zinavyofafanuliwa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bikira_Maria_katika_Uprotestanti">Bikira Maria katika <a href="/wiki/Uprotestanti" title="Uprotestanti">Uprotestanti</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira Maria katika Uprotestanti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira Maria katika Uprotestanti"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> alipoanza <a href="/wiki/Matengenezo_ya_Kiprotestanti" title="Matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti">Matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti</a> aliandika kwa heshima juu ya Bikira Maria, lakini kadiri mabishano yalivyozidi kati ya <a href="/wiki/Madhehebu" title="Madhehebu">madhehebu</a> ya Kikristo, Waprotestanti walizidi kupinga mafundisho ya Kanisa Katoliki juu ya Mama wa Yesu. Siku hizi baadhi yake, hasa <a href="/wiki/Waanglikana" title="Waanglikana">Waanglikana</a> na <a href="/wiki/Wamethodisti" title="Wamethodisti">Wamethodisti</a> wanamrudishia Maria nafasi yake kama kielelezo cha imani na cha kupokea neema ya Mungu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bikira_Mariamu_katika_Uislamu">Bikira Mariamu katika <a href="/wiki/Uislamu" title="Uislamu">Uislamu</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Hariri sehemu: Bikira Mariamu katika Uislamu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Bikira Mariamu katika Uislamu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Kurani" title="Kurani">Kurani</a> inamtaja mwanamke mmoja tu, tena mara 34: ni Mariamu, mama wa <a href="/wiki/Nabii_Isa" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabii Isa">nabii Isa</a>. Akichanganywa na dada wa <a href="/wiki/Haruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Haruni">Haruni</a> na Musa, aliyekuwa na jina hilohilo, anatajwa kama binti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imrani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imrani (bado haujaandikwa)">Imrani</a>. Pia habari nyingine kadhaa zinapishana na zile za Injili. </p><p>Hata hivyo anapewa heshima ya pekee, kama inavyoonekana katika sura ya 3:43: “Na kumbukeni malaika waliposema, ‘Ewe Mariamu, kwa hakika Mwenyezi Mungu amekuchagua na kukutakasa na kukutukuza kuliko wanawake wa walimwengu”. Tena katika aya 3:46: “Na kumbukeni waliposema malaika: ‘Ewe Mariamu, bila shaka Mwenyezi Mungu anakupa habari njema za Neno litokalo kwake, jina lake Masihi Isa mwana wa Mariamu, mwenye heshima katika dunia na ahera, na yu miongoni mwa waliokaribishwa’”. </p><p>Aliambiwa amefanywa “ishara” pamoja na mwanae, ingawa haisemwi ni ishara ya nini. Sura ya 19, yenye jina lake, inaeleza kwamba Malaika Jibrili (Gabrieli) akimpasha habari ya mimba alisema, ‘Hakika mimi ni mjumbe wa Mola wako ili nikupe mwana mtakatifu’. Akasema, ‘Ninawezaje kupata mtoto hali hajanigusa mwanamume yeyote, wala mimi si mwasherati?’ Akasema, ‘Ni kama hivyo; Mola wako amesema: Haya ni rahisi kwangu, na ili tukufanya ishara kwa mwanadamu na rehema itokayo kwetu, na ni jambo lililokwisha hukumiwa’ ” (19:19-21). “Na mwanamke yule aliyejilinda tupu yake na tukampulizia roho yetu na tukamfanya yeye na mwanawe ishara kwa walimwengu” (21:91). </p><p>Pamoja na kusifiwa kwa usafi wake, anaongezewa sifa za imani na unyenyekevu: “Na Mariamu binti Imrani aliyejilinda uchi wake, na tukampulizia humo Roho yetu na kayasadikisha maneno ya Mola wake, na vitabu vyake; na alikuwa miongoni mwa wanyenyekevu” (66:12). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filamu">Filamu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Hariri sehemu: Filamu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Filamu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Das_Mirakel_(1912_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Das Mirakel (1912 film) (bado haujaandikwa)">Das Mirakel</a> (as a statue which comes to life)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Mary_(Iranian_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Mary (Iranian film) (bado haujaandikwa)">Saint Mary (Iranian film)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Mother_of_Christ_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Mother of Christ (film) (bado haujaandikwa)">Mary Mother of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary,_Mother_of_Jesus_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary, Mother of Jesus (film) (bado haujaandikwa)">Mary, Mother of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus_of_Nazareth_(miniseries)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus of Nazareth (miniseries) (bado haujaandikwa)">Jesus of Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Color_of_the_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Color of the Cross (bado haujaandikwa)">Color of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben-Hur_(1959_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ben-Hur (1959 film) (bado haujaandikwa)">Ben-Hur (1959 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Greatest_Story_Ever_Told&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Greatest Story Ever Told (bado haujaandikwa)">The Greatest Story Ever Told</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Living_Christ_Series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Living Christ Series (bado haujaandikwa)">The Living Christ Series</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Nativity_Story&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Nativity Story (bado haujaandikwa)">The Nativity Story</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Miracle_(1959_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Miracle (1959 film) (bado haujaandikwa)">The Miracle</a> (a remake of <i>Das Mirakel</i>, as a statue which comes to life)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Miracle_of_Our_Lady_of_Fatima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Miracle of Our Lady of Fatima (bado haujaandikwa)">The Miracle of Our Lady of Fatima</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Song_of_Bernadette_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Song of Bernadette (film) (bado haujaandikwa)">The Song of Bernadette</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Passion_of_the_Christ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Passion of the Christ (bado haujaandikwa)">The Passion of the Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Passion_(TV_serial)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Passion (TV serial) (bado haujaandikwa)">The Passion (TV serial)</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Kings_(1961_film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King of Kings (1961 film) (bado haujaandikwa)">King of Kings (1961 film)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Picha">Picha</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Hariri sehemu: Picha" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Picha"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Madonna_catacomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Picha ya zamani zaidi kumuonyesha Maria akimnyonyesha mtoto Yesu, Catacomb of Priscilla, Roma (karne ya 2)"><img alt="Picha ya zamani zaidi kumuonyesha Maria akimnyonyesha mtoto Yesu, Catacomb of Priscilla, Roma (karne ya 2)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Madonna_catacomb.jpg/102px-Madonna_catacomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Madonna_catacomb.jpg/153px-Madonna_catacomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Madonna_catacomb.jpg/204px-Madonna_catacomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="592" data-file-height="696" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Picha ya zamani zaidi kumuonyesha Maria akimnyonyesha <a href="/wiki/Mtoto_Yesu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mtoto Yesu">mtoto Yesu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catacomb_of_Priscilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catacomb of Priscilla (bado haujaandikwa)">Catacomb of Priscilla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_2" title="Karne ya 2">karne ya 2</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Panachranta.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theotokos Panachranta, Gertrude Psalter, (karne ya 11)"><img alt="Theotokos Panachranta, Gertrude Psalter, (karne ya 11)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Panachranta.jpg/90px-Panachranta.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Panachranta.jpg/135px-Panachranta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Panachranta.jpg/180px-Panachranta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Theotokos Panachranta</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_Psalter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gertrude Psalter (bado haujaandikwa)">Gertrude Psalter</a>, (<a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_11" title="Karne ya 11">karne ya 11</a>) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Kings_College_Chapel-IMG_3962.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heshima ya Mamajusi, mchoro wa Rubens (1634)"><img alt="Heshima ya Mamajusi, mchoro wa Rubens (1634)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Kings_College_Chapel-IMG_3962.jpg/86px-Kings_College_Chapel-IMG_3962.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Kings_College_Chapel-IMG_3962.jpg/129px-Kings_College_Chapel-IMG_3962.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Kings_College_Chapel-IMG_3962.jpg/173px-Kings_College_Chapel-IMG_3962.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="2195" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heshima_ya_Mamajusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heshima ya Mamajusi (bado haujaandikwa)">Heshima ya Mamajusi</a></i>, mchoro wa <a href="/wiki/Rubens" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubens">Rubens</a> (<a href="/wiki/1634" title="1634">1634</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Ethiopia-Axum_Cathedral-fresco-Black_Madonna.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Black Madonna na Mtoto, Axum, Ethiopia"><img alt="Black Madonna na Mtoto, Axum, Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ethiopia-Axum_Cathedral-fresco-Black_Madonna.JPG/90px-Ethiopia-Axum_Cathedral-fresco-Black_Madonna.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ethiopia-Axum_Cathedral-fresco-Black_Madonna.JPG/135px-Ethiopia-Axum_Cathedral-fresco-Black_Madonna.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ethiopia-Axum_Cathedral-fresco-Black_Madonna.JPG/180px-Ethiopia-Axum_Cathedral-fresco-Black_Madonna.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Black_Madonna" title="Black Madonna">Black Madonna</a> na Mtoto, <a href="/wiki/Axum" title="Axum">Axum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Angelico,_madonna_col_bambino,_pinacoteca_sabauda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madonna of humility, mchoro wa Fra Angelico, (1430 hivi)."><img alt="Madonna of humility, mchoro wa Fra Angelico, (1430 hivi)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Angelico%2C_madonna_col_bambino%2C_pinacoteca_sabauda.jpg/83px-Angelico%2C_madonna_col_bambino%2C_pinacoteca_sabauda.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Angelico%2C_madonna_col_bambino%2C_pinacoteca_sabauda.jpg/125px-Angelico%2C_madonna_col_bambino%2C_pinacoteca_sabauda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Angelico%2C_madonna_col_bambino%2C_pinacoteca_sabauda.jpg/167px-Angelico%2C_madonna_col_bambino%2C_pinacoteca_sabauda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3280" data-file-height="4722" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madonna_of_humility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madonna of humility (bado haujaandikwa)">Madonna of humility</a></i>, mchoro wa <a href="/wiki/Fra_Angelico" class="mw-redirect" title="Fra Angelico">Fra Angelico</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1430" title="1430">1430</a> hivi).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Flight_into_Egypt_-_Capella_dei_Scrovegni_-_Padua_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kukimbilia Misri, mchoro wa Giotto (1304) hivi."><img alt="Kukimbilia Misri, mchoro wa Giotto (1304) hivi." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flight_into_Egypt_-_Capella_dei_Scrovegni_-_Padua_2016.jpg/118px-Flight_into_Egypt_-_Capella_dei_Scrovegni_-_Padua_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flight_into_Egypt_-_Capella_dei_Scrovegni_-_Padua_2016.jpg/177px-Flight_into_Egypt_-_Capella_dei_Scrovegni_-_Padua_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flight_into_Egypt_-_Capella_dei_Scrovegni_-_Padua_2016.jpg/236px-Flight_into_Egypt_-_Capella_dei_Scrovegni_-_Padua_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2368" data-file-height="2408" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Kukimbilia_Misri" title="Kukimbilia Misri">Kukimbilia Misri</a></i>, mchoro wa <a href="/wiki/Giotto" title="Giotto">Giotto</a> (<a href="/wiki/1304" title="1304">1304</a>) hivi.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Pietro_lorenzetti,_compianto_(dettaglio)_basilica_inferiore_di_assisi_(1310-1329).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kumuomboleza Yesu, mchoro wa Pietro Lorenzetti, Basilika la Mt. Fransisko, Assisi, (1310–1329)"><img alt="Kumuomboleza Yesu, mchoro wa Pietro Lorenzetti, Basilika la Mt. Fransisko, Assisi, (1310–1329)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_compianto_%28dettaglio%29_basilica_inferiore_di_assisi_%281310-1329%29.jpg/120px-Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_compianto_%28dettaglio%29_basilica_inferiore_di_assisi_%281310-1329%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_compianto_%28dettaglio%29_basilica_inferiore_di_assisi_%281310-1329%29.jpg/180px-Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_compianto_%28dettaglio%29_basilica_inferiore_di_assisi_%281310-1329%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_compianto_%28dettaglio%29_basilica_inferiore_di_assisi_%281310-1329%29.jpg/240px-Pietro_lorenzetti%2C_compianto_%28dettaglio%29_basilica_inferiore_di_assisi_%281310-1329%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumuomboleza_Yesu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumuomboleza Yesu (bado haujaandikwa)">Kumuomboleza Yesu</a></i>, mchoro wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pietro_Lorenzetti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pietro Lorenzetti (bado haujaandikwa)">Pietro Lorenzetti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basilika_la_Mt._Fransisko" title="Basilika la Mt. Fransisko">Basilika la Mt. Fransisko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assisi" title="Assisi">Assisi</a>, (<a href="/wiki/1310" title="1310">1310</a>–<a href="/wiki/1329" title="1329">1329</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Saintmaryghaxaq.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Sanamu ya Kupalizwa Mbinguni, Ghaxaq, Malta (1808)"><img alt="Sanamu ya Kupalizwa Mbinguni, Ghaxaq, Malta (1808)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Saintmaryghaxaq.JPG/75px-Saintmaryghaxaq.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Saintmaryghaxaq.JPG/112px-Saintmaryghaxaq.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Saintmaryghaxaq.JPG/149px-Saintmaryghaxaq.JPG 2x" data-file-width="279" data-file-height="448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sanamu" title="Sanamu">Sanamu</a> ya Kupalizwa Mbinguni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghaxaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghaxaq (bado haujaandikwa)">Ghaxaq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> (<a href="/wiki/1808" title="1808">1808</a>) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary._Altar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Undani wa Kaburi la Maria, kwenye Mlima wa Mizeituni, Yerusalemu"><img alt="Undani wa Kaburi la Maria, kwenye Mlima wa Mizeituni, Yerusalemu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary._Altar.jpg/120px-Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary._Altar.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary._Altar.jpg/180px-Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary._Altar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary._Altar.jpg/240px-Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary._Altar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2354" data-file-height="1569" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Undani wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaburi_la_Maria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaburi la Maria (bado haujaandikwa)">Kaburi la Maria</a>, kwenye <a href="/wiki/Mlima_wa_Mizeituni" title="Mlima wa Mizeituni">Mlima wa Mizeituni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yerusalemu" title="Yerusalemu">Yerusalemu</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Muziki">Muziki</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Hariri sehemu: Muziki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Muziki"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Monteverdi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudio Monteverdi (bado haujaandikwa)">Claudio Monteverdi</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vespro_della_Beata_Vergine_1610&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vespro della Beata Vergine 1610 (bado haujaandikwa)">Vespro della Beata Vergine</a> (1610)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">J.S. Bach</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnificat_(Bach)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnificat (Bach) (bado haujaandikwa)">Magnificat</a>: Ave Maria Prelude (1722)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Franz Schubert</a>: Ave Maria (1835)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Gounod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Gounod (bado haujaandikwa)">Charles Gounod</a>: Ave Maria (1859)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tazama_pia">Tazama pia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Hariri sehemu: Tazama pia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Tazama pia"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Watakatifu_wa_Agano_la_Kale" title="Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale">Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orodha_ya_Watakatifu_Wakristo" title="Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo">Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orodha_ya_Watakatifu_wa_Afrika" title="Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika">Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orodha_ya_Watakatifu_Wafransisko" title="Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko">Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanbihi">Tanbihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Hariri sehemu: Tanbihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Tanbihi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/aug/18/religion.news">http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/aug/18/religion.news</a> featured in <a href="/w/index.php?title=ITV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ITV (bado haujaandikwa)">ITV</a> documentary</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1346650">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091016032528/http://primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk/the-muslim-jesus-itv/">"The Muslim Jesus, ITV─Unreality Primetime"</a>. Primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk. 2007-08-18. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk/the-muslim-jesus-itv/">chanzo</a> mnamo 2009-10-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2010-03-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Muslim+Jesus%2C+ITV%E2%94%80Unreality+Primetime&rft.pub=Primetime.unrealitytv.co.uk&rft.date=2007-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprimetime.unrealitytv.co.uk%2Fthe-muslim-jesus-itv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ABikira+Maria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marejeo">Marejeo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Hariri sehemu: Marejeo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Marejeo"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;margin-left:1.5em;"> <ul><li>Brown, Raymond E.; Donfried, Karl P.; Fitzmyer, Joseph A.; & Reumann, John, (eds.),<i>Mary in the New Testament</i>, Fortress/Paulist Press, 1978, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0800613457" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8006-1345-7</a></li> <li>Brownson, Orestes, <i>Saint Worship and the Worship of Mary</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sophiainstitute.com/">Sophia Institute Press</a>, 2003, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1928832881" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-928832-88-1</a></li> <li>Corner, Dan. <i>Is This The Mary Of The Bible?</i>, Evangelical Outreach, 2004, 249 pages <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0963907670" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-9639076-7-0</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vincent_Cronin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vincent Cronin (bado haujaandikwa)">Cronin, Vincent</a>, <i>Mary Portrayed</i>, London: Darton, Longman & Todd, Ltd., 1968, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0875052134" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-87505-213-4</a></li> <li>Epie, Chantal. <i>The Scriptural Roots of Catholic Teaching</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sophiainstitute.com/">Sophia Institute Press</a>, 2002, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1928832539" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-928832-53-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_J._Fox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert J. Fox (bado haujaandikwa)">Fox, Fr. Robert J.</a>, <i> Catechism on Mary</i>, <i> Immaculate Heart of Mary</i>, <i>Mary Through the Ages</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fatimafamily.org/">Fatima Family Apostolate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20120518084321/http://fatimafamily.org/">Ilihifadhiwa</a> 18 Mei 2012 kwenye <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Glavich, Mary Kathleen, ACTA Publications, 2007</li> <li>Graef, Hilda. <i>Mary: A History of Doctrine and Devotion</i>, London: Sheed & Ward, 1985, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0722052219" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7220-5221-9</a></li> <li>Groeschel, Benedict, <i>A Still, Small Voice: A Practical Guide on Reported Revelations</i>, San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1993 <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0898704367" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-89870-436-7</a></li> <li>Hahn, Scott, <i>Hail, Holy Queen: The Mother of God in the Word of God</i>, Doubleday, 2001, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0385501684" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-50168-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Marley_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Marley (writer) (bado haujaandikwa)">Marley, Stephen</a>, <i>The Life of the Virgin Mary</i>, Lennard Publishing, 1990, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1852910240" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-85291-024-0</a></li> <li>Maunder, Chris (ed.), <i>The Origins of the Cult of the Virgin Mary</i>, Burns&Oates/Continuum, 2008, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/9780860124566" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-86012-456-6</a></li> <li>Mills, David. <i>Discovering Mary: Answers to Questions About the Mother of God</i>, 2009, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0867169273" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-86716-927-3</a></li> <li>Miravalle, Mark. <i> Introduction to Mary</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.queenship.org/">Queenship Publishing</a>, 1993, Second Edition 2006, soft, 220 pages <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/1882972066" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-882972-06-6</a></li> <li>Newman, Barbara. <i>God and the Goddesses</i>, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0812219112" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8122-1911-2</a></li> <li>Pelikan, Jaroslav. <i>Mary Through the Centuries: Her Place in the History of Culture</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yale.edu/yup/">Yale University Press</a>, 1998, hardcover, 240 pages <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0300069510" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-300-06951-0</a>; trade paperback, 1998, 240 pages, <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0300076614" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-300-07661-4</a></li> <li>Shoemaker, Stephen J. (2002, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oup.com/uk/catalogue/?ci=9780199210749"><i>Ancient Traditions of the Virgin Mary's Dormition and Assumption</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20070311005046/http://www.oup.com/uk/catalogue/?ci=9780199210749">Ilihifadhiwa</a> 11 Machi 2007 kwenye <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Oxford University Press, Oxford. <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0199250758" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-925075-8</a> (Hardcover 2004, Reprint), <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0199210748" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-921074-8</a> (Paperback 2006)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marejeo_mengine">Marejeo mengine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Hariri sehemu: Marejeo mengine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Marejeo mengine"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gambero, Luigi (1999) <i>Mary and the fathers of the church</i> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0898706866" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-89870-686-6</a></li> <li>Josemaria, Anthony (2008) <i>The Blessed Virgin Mary in England</i> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0595500749" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-595-50074-9</a></li> <li>Maximus the Confessor, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yalepress.yale.edu/YupBooks/book.asp?isbn=9780300175042"><i>The Life of the Virgin: Translated, with an Introduction and Notes</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20120522034014/http://yalepress.yale.edu/YupBooks/book.asp?isbn=9780300175042">Ilihifadhiwa</a> 22 Mei 2012 kwenye <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Stephen J. Shoemaker, trans. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012) (<a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0300175043" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-300-17504-3</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFWarner1976" class="citation book cs1">Warner, Marina (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/aloneofallhersex0000warn_i4w8"><i>Alone of all her sex: The Myth and the Cult of the Virgin Mary</i></a>. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/297770772" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/297770772"><bdi>297770772</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alone+of+all+her+sex%3A+The+Myth+and+the+Cult+of+the+Virgin+Mary&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=Marina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Faloneofallhersex0000warn_i4w8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3ABikira+Maria" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_book" title="Kigezo:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|isbn=</code> value: length (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viungo_vya_nje">Viungo vya nje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Hariri sehemu: Viungo vya nje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikira_Maria&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Viungo vya nje"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mariologicalsociety.com/">Marilogical Society of America</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/aboutmary2.html">University of Dayton─The Mary Page</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20091017234855/http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/aboutmary2.html">Ilihifadhiwa</a> 17 Oktoba 2009 kwenye <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orlabs.oclc.org/Identities/lccn-n81-18544">Shughuli au kuhusu Bikira Maria</a> katika maktaba ya WorldCat catalog</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.churchfathers.org/category/mary-and-the-saints/mary-without-sin/">Church Fathers on the Sinless Nature of Mary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20161110164434/http://www.churchfathers.org/category/mary-and-the-saints/mary-without-sin/">Ilihifadhiwa</a> 10 Novemba 2016 kwenye <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.churchfathers.org/category/mary-and-the-saints/mary-ever-virgin/">Church Fathers on the Perpetual Virginity of Mary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20161116120838/http://www.churchfathers.org/category/mary-and-the-saints/mary-ever-virgin/">Ilihifadhiwa</a> 16 Novemba 2016 kwenye <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bikira_Maria" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Bikira_Maria" title="Kigezo:Bikira Maria"><span title="Onyesha kizego" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;;">v</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majadiliano_ya_kigezo:Bikira_Maria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majadiliano ya kigezo:Bikira Maria (bado haujaandikwa)"><span title="Majadiliano ya kigezo" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;;">d</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kigezo:Bikira_Maria&action=edit"><span title="Hariri kigezo" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;;">e</span></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bikira_Maria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bikira Maria</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Familia_takatifu" title="Familia takatifu">Familia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yosefu_(mume_wa_Maria)" title="Yosefu (mume wa Maria)">Yosefu</a> (mume)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesu" title="Yesu">Yesu</a> (mtoto)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohakimu" title="Yohakimu">Yohakimu</a> (baba)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana" title="Ana">Ana</a> (mama)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeti_(Injili)" title="Elizabeti (Injili)">Elizabeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndugu_wa_Yesu" title="Ndugu wa Yesu">Ndugu wa Yesu</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Sassoferrato_-_Jungfrun_i_b%C3%B6n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Sassoferrato_-_Jungfrun_i_b%C3%B6n.jpg/125px-Sassoferrato_-_Jungfrun_i_b%C3%B6n.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Sassoferrato_-_Jungfrun_i_b%C3%B6n.jpg/188px-Sassoferrato_-_Jungfrun_i_b%C3%B6n.jpg 1.5x, 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ya asili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzaliwa_kwa_Bikira_Maria" title="Kuzaliwa kwa Bikira Maria">Kuzaliwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_kutolewa_hekaluni" title="Maria kutolewa hekaluni">Kutolewa hekaluni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arusi_ya_Bikira_Maria" title="Arusi ya Bikira Maria">Arusi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ubikira_wa_kudumu" title="Ubikira wa kudumu">Ubikira wa kudumu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Katika <a href="/wiki/Biblia" class="mw-disambig" title="Biblia">Biblia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kupashwa_habari" title="Kupashwa habari">Kupashwa habari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziara_ya_Bikira_Maria" title="Ziara ya Bikira Maria">Maamkio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Noeli">Kumzaa Yesu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutolewa_hekaluni" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutolewa hekaluni">Yesu kutolewa hekaluni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukimbilia_Misri" title="Kukimbilia Misri">Kukimbilia Misri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurudi_Nazareti" title="Kurudi Nazareti">Kurudi Nazareti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mtoto_Yesu_kupatikana_hekaluni" title="Mtoto Yesu kupatikana hekaluni">Mtoto Yesu kupatikana hekaluni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arusi_ya_Kana" title="Arusi ya Kana">Arusi ya Kana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msalaba_wa_Yesu" title="Msalaba wa Yesu">Msalaba wa Yesu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maneno_saba" title="Maneno saba">Maneno saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesu_kushushwa" title="Yesu kushushwa">Yesu kushushwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufufuko_wa_Yesu" title="Ufufuko wa Yesu">Ufufuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mama_wa_Kanisa" title="Mama wa Kanisa">Maria katika Kanisa la mwanzo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maisha ya baadaye katika <a href="/wiki/Mapokeo" title="Mapokeo">Mapokeo</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kulala_kwa_Mama_wa_Mungu" title="Kulala kwa Mama wa Mungu">Kifo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_kupalizwa_mbinguni" title="Maria kupalizwa mbinguni">Kupalizwa mbinguni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikira_Maria_Malkia" title="Bikira Maria Malkia">Kutawazwa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mwanamke_wa_Ufunuo" title="Mwanamke wa Ufunuo">Mwanamke wa Ufunuo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apokrifa" title="Apokrifa">Apokrifa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Injili_ya_Yakobo" title="Injili ya Yakobo">Injili ya Yakobo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mariolojia" title="Mariolojia">Mariolojia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Majadiliano_ya_kiekumeni_kuhusu_Maria" title="Majadiliano ya kiekumeni kuhusu Maria">Ukristo</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariolojia_ya_Kikatoliki" title="Mariolojia ya Kikatoliki">Kikatoliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariolojia_ya_Kiorthodoksi" title="Mariolojia ya Kiorthodoksi">Kiorthodoksi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariolojia_ya_Kiprotestanti" title="Mariolojia ya Kiprotestanti">Kiprotestanti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariolojia_ya_Kianglikana" title="Mariolojia ya Kianglikana">Kianglikana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariolojia_ya_Kilutheri" title="Mariolojia ya Kilutheri">Kilutheri</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mariamu_katika_Uislamu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariamu katika Uislamu">Uislamu</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariamu_katika_Kurani" title="Mariamu katika Kurani">Kurani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heshima</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" 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