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63rem){.bbc-1gjryo4{padding-left:2.5rem;}}.bbc-hl5nhs{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.75rem;font-family:"BBC Reith Qalam","Times New Roman",Arial,Verdana,Geneva,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;color:#141414;padding:0.5rem 0;margin:calc(1.5rem - 0.5rem) 0;scroll-margin-top:1rem;}@media (min-width: 20rem) and (max-width: 37.4375rem){.bbc-hl5nhs{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:2.125rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.bbc-hl5nhs{font-size:2rem;line-height:2.625rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.bbc-hl5nhs{margin-top:calc(2rem - 0.5rem);}}.bbc-hl5nhs:focus-visible{outline:0.1875rem solid #000000;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.1875rem #FFFFFF;outline-offset:0.1875rem;}.bbc-geybui{background-color:#E6E8EA;display:none;visibility:hidden;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.bbc-geybui{min-height:5.1875rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;visibility:visible;}}@media (min-width: 19.75rem){.bbc-geybui{padding:1rem 0 0.5rem 0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.bbc-geybui{min-height:17.6875rem;}}@media (max-width: 14.9375rem){.bbc-1xx10yg{margin-right:0%;}}@media (min-width: 15rem) and (max-width: 24.9375rem){.bbc-1xx10yg{margin-right:0%;}}@media (min-width: 25rem) and (max-width: 37.4375rem){.bbc-1xx10yg{margin-right:0%;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem) and (max-width: 62.9375rem){.bbc-1xx10yg{margin-right:0%;}}@media (min-width: 63rem) and (max-width: 79.9375rem){.bbc-1xx10yg{margin-right:20%;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.bbc-1xx10yg{margin-right:40%;}}@supports (display: grid){.bbc-1xx10yg{display:block;width:initial;margin:0;}@media 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1rem;}}@media (min-width: 63rem){.bbc-1saxq9t{margin:0 0 1.5rem;padding:1rem 0;}}.bbc-1vq693g{font-family:"BBC Reith Qalam","Times New Roman",Arial,Verdana,Geneva,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1rem;background-color:#FFFFFF;border:0.125rem solid #222222;color:#222222;display:block;left:0;line-height:1;padding:0.75rem;position:absolute;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;top:0;z-index:10;}@media (min-width: 20rem) and (max-width: 37.4375rem){.bbc-1vq693g{line-height:1.125rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.bbc-1vq693g{font-size:0.8125rem;}}.bbc-1vq693g:not(:focus):not(:active){-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);height:1px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;width:1px;margin:0;}.bbc-1nwk127{position:relative;z-index:0;color:#141414;margin-top:2rem;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.bbc-1nwk127{margin-top:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 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ebmt73l0"><time dateTime="2024-07-27" class="bbc-1eu2r82 e1mklfmt0">27 يوليو/ تموز 2024</time></div></li></ul></section><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0"><b>هل سمعت عزيزي القارئ في الآونة الأخيرة عن إصابات مرضية بين أفراد المحيط الذي تعيش فيه بوتيرة أعلى من ذي قبل؟ هل سمعت أن البعض يخفّ من نزلة برد ليصاب سريعا بأخرى، متقلباً بين هذه العدوى وتلك؟</b></p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">"الحقيقة أننا نفتقر إلى بيانات، ولا نعتمد إلا على الحكايات" بحسب جوناثان بول الأستاذ في مدرسة ليفربول لطب المناطق الحارة.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ولكن ما حقيقة الأمر؟</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><h2 id="موجة-صيفية-من-كوفيد" tabindex="-1" class="bbc-hl5nhs eglt09e0">موجة صيفية من كوفيد</h2></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">نحن إزاء موجة صيفية من كوفيد، فإذا كنت مصابا بالسعال أو بالحُمى، فقد يكون فيروس كورونا هو السبب.</p></div><section aria-label="2 إعلان" aria-hidden="true" role="region" data-e2e="advertisement" class="bbc-geybui"><div id="dotcom-mpu" class="dotcom-ad"></div></section><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ولا يوجد الآن جمْع بيانات بخصوص تفشّي الفيروس كما كان يحدث عندما كان الوباء في ذروته، لكن موجة صيفية من كوفيد بدأت تتعاظم منذ شهر مايو/أيار.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1xx10yg ebmt73l0"><section data-e2e="recommendations-heading" role="region" aria-labelledby="recommendations-heading" class="bbc-1saxq9t etbfg571"><div class="bbc-bjn8wh eveec6k2"><a href="#end-of-recommendations" class="bbc-1vq693g eveec6k1">تخطى قصص مقترحة وواصل القراءة</a><div class="etbfg570 bbc-1nwk127 e1m6nvxw1"><strong class="bbc-a5e1ct e1m6nvxw0"><span class="bbc-1fttcpj e1fapd9x4"><span class="bbc-127x8fy e1fapd9x2"><span dir="rtl" id="recommendations-heading" class="bbc-13nmxlq 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للعلوم والتكنولوجيا والطب في لندن.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وسُجّل نحو ثلاثة آلاف إصابة بكوفيد في مستشفى – وهذا يناهز ضعف العدد المسجّل في أوائل أبريل/نيسان، ما يدل على أننا إزاء موجة جديدة من الإصابات بكوفيد.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-32l10g e1rfboeq7"><section role="region" aria-labelledby="podcast-promo" class="e1rfboeq6 bbc-12e4ke4 e1s8ztj50"><div class="bbc-bjn8wh eveec6k2"><a href="#end-of-podcasts" class="bbc-1vq693g eveec6k1">تخطى يستحق الانتباه وواصل القراءة</a><div class="bbc-fmy3ga etl18e90"><div class="bbc-ef85uv e1rfboeq5"><div style="padding-bottom:100%" data-e2e="image-placeholder" class="bbc-997y1y eihqrxw0"><div class="lazyload-wrapper "><div class="lazyload-placeholder"></div></div><noscript><img sizes="(min-width: 1008px) 228px, 30vw" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/512x512/p0k7ksmj.png.webp" alt="حسابنا الرسمي على واتساب" width="100" height="100" class="e3vrtyk0 bbc-rb7xa0 e1mo64ex0"/></noscript></div></div><div class="podcastIconWrapper bbc-sasnzl e1rfboeq0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32" height="32" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="bbc-1yr7azq e1s2dgdk1"><path d="M18.7,31h-5.3l-2.3-10.4C12.3,19.5,14,19,16,19s3.7,0.5,4.9,1.7L18.7,31z M22,8.2c-1.7-1.7-3.9-2.5-6.1-2.5s-4.4,0.9-6,2.5 l1.7,1.7c1.2-1.2,2.7-1.8,4.3-1.8s3.1,0.6,4.3,1.8L22,8.2z M25.5,4.9c-2.6-2.7-6.1-4-9.5-4S9.1,2.3,6.5,4.9l1.7,1.7 c2.1-2.1,4.9-3.2,7.7-3.2c2.8,0,5.6,1.1,7.8,3.2L25.5,4.9z M12.4,14c0,2,1.5,3.6,3.6,3.6c2,0,3.6-1.5,3.6-3.6 c0-2.1-1.5-3.6-3.6-3.6C13.9,10.4,12.4,11.9,12.4,14z"></path></svg></div><div class="bbc-15oiryy e1rfboeq4"><strong><a href="https://www.whatsapp.com/channel/0029Val8KlE5a24BsTvuVd2e" class="bbc-1lhbalq e1rfboeq1"><span id="podcast-promo" class="podcast-promo--hover podcast-promo--focus podcast-promo--visited">حسابنا الرسمي على واتساب</span></a></strong><p class="e1rfboeq3 bbc-14n060w e4mef340">تابعوا التغطية الشاملة من بي بي سي نيوز عربي على واتساب.</p><p dir="rtl" class="e1rfboeq2 bbc-5am0vw eh4j0a10"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32" height="32" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="bbc-1sfse8y e1s2dgdk0"><polygon points="4 6 11.1 6 26 6 26 28 28 28 28 4 4 4 4 6"></polygon><polygon points="8 0 8 2 30 2 30 24 32 24 32 0 8 0"></polygon><path d="M0,32H24V8H0ZM4,12H20V28H4Z"></path></svg>اضغط هنا</p></div></div><p tabindex="-1" id="end-of-podcasts" class="bbc-10a2avq eveec6k0">يستحق الانتباه نهاية</p></div></section></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">يقول أوبنشو: "ثمة زيادة كبيرة جدا في أعداد المصابين، كوفيد لم يتحول بعد إلى فيروس شتوي، ويمكننا أن نقول ذلك بثقة".</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ويبدو أن هذا كله يقوده المتحوّر الجديد "فليرت" الذي وجد حاضنة في تجمّعات مشجّعي كرة القدم.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ولا يزال الفيروس قادرا على إحداث عدوى مثيرة للقلق. وفي ظل عدم اتخاذ تدابير طارئة، يتعين إعطاء جرعتين من اللقاح سنوياً للأشخاص الأكثر عرضة للإصابة.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">والبعض يتوقع أن تزداد أعراض عدوى الجهاز التنفسي – السعال ونزلات البرد- في شهور الشتاء.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">فالجو البارد، وقضاء مزيد من الوقت داخل المباني وإبقاء النوافذ مغلقة، هي عوامل توفّر حاضنة للفيروسات التي تصيب الجهاز التنفسي في شهور الشتاء.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ويرى باحثون أن الفيروسات كسرت هذا النمط المعتاد؛ لدرجة أن الفيروس المسؤول عن الأنفلونزا أصبح يختفي أو يكاد في فصل الشتاء.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">يقول البروفيسور جوناثان بول: "يبدو أن الفيروسات لم تعد تعبأ بالفصول، لا سيما الفيروسات المسببة لنزلات البرد، والتي أصبحت تتفشى في أوقات غريبة، ولا أظن أن الأمور قد استقرت بعد، وهناك فجوة أمامنا تحتاج إلى الملء".</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">الفكرة أنه إذا أصيب شخص بعدوى لعدد ثابت من المرّات في سنة ما، فسيشعر كما لو كان مريضا طوال الوقت، و"على هذا النحو تطول فترة الشعور بالمرض، فيظن الشخص أنه أصبح مريضاً أكثر من ذي قبل" بحسب جوناثان بول.</p></div><figure class="bbc-1qn0xuy"><div class="bbc-j1srjl" style="padding-bottom:56.28%"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/640/cpsprodpb/3ae5/live/e31c6dc0-4c3a-11ef-8928-7320a5101360.png.webp" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/240/cpsprodpb/3ae5/live/e31c6dc0-4c3a-11ef-8928-7320a5101360.png.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/320/cpsprodpb/3ae5/live/e31c6dc0-4c3a-11ef-8928-7320a5101360.png.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/480/cpsprodpb/3ae5/live/e31c6dc0-4c3a-11ef-8928-7320a5101360.png.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/624/cpsprodpb/3ae5/live/e31c6dc0-4c3a-11ef-8928-7320a5101360.png.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/629/cpsprodpb/3ae5/live/e31c6dc0-4c3a-11ef-8928-7320a5101360.png.webp 629w" sizes="(min-width: 1008px) 760px, 100vw" alt="شخص معتل " loading="lazy" width="629" height="354" style="aspect-ratio:629 / 354" class="bbc-139onq"/><p class="bbc-lafk41" role="text"><span class="bbc-m04vo2">صدر الصورة، </span><span lang="en-GB">Getty Images</span></p></div></figure><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><h2 id="سعال-ديكي" tabindex="-1" class="bbc-hl5nhs eglt09e0">سعال ديكي</h2></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">رصدنا كذلك ارتفاع معدلات الإصابة بالسعال الديكي في عام 2024.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وعادة ما يحدث التفشّي في العدوى البكتيرية كل ثلاث إلى خمس سنوات، غير أن التفشي الأخير وقع في عام 2016.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وعليه، فربما وقع التفشّي في العدوى البكتيرية بينما كان وباء كوفيد في ذروته.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وبدورها، تحذر وكالة الأمن الصحي في المملكة المتحدة من أن "أثر الوباء يعني أن هناك تراجعا في مناعة السُكان كذلك".</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وتبدو الأعراض شبيهة بأعراض نزلات البرد - من رشَح في الأنف، واحتقان في الزور، يتطوّر بدوره إلى سُعال، قد يستمر لفترة طويلة.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ويمكن للسعال الديكي أن يصيب أي شخص، لكن أعراضه تكون خفيفة بين البالغين. إنما المشكلة تكمن في أن هؤلاء قد ينقلونه إلى الأطفال الرُضع الذين يُعتبرون أكثر عرضة للإصابة.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وسجلت الصحة البريطانية وفاة تسعة أطفال خلال العام الجاري بسبب الإصابة بالسعال الديكي.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ولهذا السبب تعود الأهمية البالغة لتطعيم الأطفال حديثي الولادة والنساء الحوامل باللقاحات المضادة للسعال الديكي.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><h2 id="انخفاض-معدلات-التطعيم-باللقاحات" tabindex="-1" class="bbc-hl5nhs eglt09e0">انخفاض معدلات التطعيم باللقاحات</h2></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">انخفاض معدلات التطعيم، يعني بالطبيعة ارتفاعا في أعداد المصابين بأمراض كان يمكن الوقاية منها.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">على المثال، السعال الديكي: بلغت نسبة الحوامل اللائي تطعّمن باللقاح المضاد له 72.6 في المئة في مارس/آذار 2017، مقارنة بنسبة 58.9 في المئة في مارس/آذار 2024 – وهذا سرُّ ارتفاع الإصابات بالسعال الديكي بين الرُضّع في بريطانيا.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ولم يقتصر هذا التراجع على لقاح السعال الديكي، وإنما انسحب الأمر كذلك على لقاحات الحصبة وحُمى النكاف.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وتشير البيانات إلى ارتفاع أعداد الإصابات بالحصبة في برمنغهام ولندن. وكانت الأعراض المبدئية شبيهة بأعراض البرد – حمى، رشح، كحة – قبل ظهور الطفح الجلدي.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وقد دفع ذلك الخبراء إلى التحذير من أننا على وشك الوصول إلى نقطة حاسمة، حيث الأطفال يموتون أو يصابون إصابات بالغة بأمراض يمكن الوقاية منها.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0"><a href="/arabic/articles/c4nj5qwpw5qo" class="focusIndicatorReducedWidth bbc-n8oauk e1p3sufg0">الصحة العالمية تحذر من تضاعف الإصابة بالحصبة 45 مرة في أوروبا</a></p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><h2 id="أكثر-عُرضة-للإصابة-بالعدوى" tabindex="-1" class="bbc-hl5nhs eglt09e0">أكثر عُرضة للإصابة بالعدوى</h2></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">هناك فكرة أخرى تقول إنه حتى لو لم تتغير مواسم تفشّي الفيروسات، فنحن قد أصبحنا أكثر عُرضة للإصابة بها من ذي قبل، وذلك بسبب تراجُع صحتنا العامة جرّاء تدابير التقشف والوباء، فضلا عن أزمة ارتفاع تكاليف المعيشة.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وتشير التقارير إلى نحو مليونَي إصابة بكوفيد طويل المدى، كما أن هناك ارتفاعا في أعداد المصابين بأمراض صحية طويلة الأمد، وتقول خدمة الصحة الوطنية البريطانية إن لديها قائمة انتظار طويلة جدا.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وتقول شينا كرويكشانك، الأستاذة بجامعة مانشستر، إن التوتر العصبي يؤثر سلباً على جهاز المناعة في الجسم ويتركه "أقلّ قدرة على القيام بوظيفته"، كما أن أسلوب الحياة المكتبيّ قليل الحركة، وعادات الأكل السيئة تؤثر سلباً على عملية التمثيل الغذائي في الجسم.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وتضيف البروفيسور شينا قائلة إن "كثيرين بيننا يعانون سوء التغذية ويفتقرون إلى عناصر غذائية أساسية تعتبر شديدة الأهمية للجهاز المناعي".</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وفي ظل تلك الحال، فإن فيروسات كثيرة، كانت أجسامُنا قادرة على مقاومتها بالأمس، أصبحت الآن أكثر قدرة على تهديدنا.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><h2 id="حُمى-القشّ" tabindex="-1" class="bbc-hl5nhs eglt09e0">حُمى القشّ</h2></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">إذا كنت مريضا وظهرت عليك أعراض رشّح الأنف واجتاحتك رغبة في أن تحكّ حلقك، وداهمتك نوبات من العطس، فقد يكون السبب في ذلك أن جهازك المناعي يقاوم حبوب اللقاح -المسبّب الرئيسي للحساسية الموسمية- أكثر من احتمال إصابتك بعدوى فيروسية.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">لكن إذا كنت سيء الحظ بما يكفي، فستصاب بحمى القش، وهذه الإصابة لن تتركك في حال أفضل مما لو كان جهازك المناعي يقاوم حبوب اللقاح.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">تقول خدمة الأرصاد الجوية في المملكة المتحدة، إن التغير المناخي قادر على التأثير على حُمّى القش، عبر إطالة فترة موسم انتقال حبوب اللقاح وعبر زيادة كثافة هذه الحبوب - ما يزيد من آثارها ويطيل أمدها.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وهذا يفسر جزئياً الشعور بأن الوضع "أسوأ قليلا" خلال هذا الصيف، بحسب البروفيسور شينا كرويكشانك.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><h2 id="برد-الصيف-لم-يعد-شيئا-جديدا" tabindex="-1" class="bbc-hl5nhs eglt09e0">برد الصيف لم يعد شيئا جديدا</h2></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">عبارة "برد الصيف" لم يكن ظهورها للمرة الأولى في 2024.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">يقول البروفيسور جوناثان بول إنه إضافةً إلى ما تقدّم ذِكره من عوامل، ربما نكون أكثر عُرضة للإصابة بنوبات السُعال ونزلات البرد من ذي قبل بعد أن طوّرت الفيروسات المسببة لهذه الأمراض أجهزتها الدفاعية إبان الوباء.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">ولم يكن يخطر على بال أحد في عام 2019 أنه "كوفيد" هو الذي يقف وراء سُعال زميل له، ولا كان أحد يسأل هذا السؤال: "هل أنا بحاجة إلى إجراء فحص كوفيد؟" لدى شعوره بالإجهاد قبيل توجّهه لقضاء عُطلة أو لزيارة أقاربه المُسنّين.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">"بعد كوفيد، أصبح الناس أكثر وعياً ببعض الأمراض غير الخطيرة التي تصادفهم في حياتهم" بحسب البروفيسور جوناثان بول.</p></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-4wucq3 ebmt73l0"><p dir="rtl" class="bbc-1gjryo4 e17g058b0">وأخيرا، فإن كوفيد لا يزال هو كوفيد، لكن ربما لسنا بحاجة إلى القلق أكثر مما يجب من برد الصيف الذي طالما اعتدنا عليه.</p></div></main><aside data-testid="related-topics" aria-labelledby="related-topics" role="complementary" class="bbc-1l5nxv5 e5jcirq1"><div class="e5jcirq0 bbc-1f2ds04 e1m6nvxw1"><h2 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class="bbc-1bepigl" style="padding-bottom:56.32%;overflow:hidden"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/400/cpsprodpb/a4c3/live/984ee680-a773-11ef-a215-2b35ff609397.png.webp" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/400/cpsprodpb/a4c3/live/984ee680-a773-11ef-a215-2b35ff609397.png.webp 400w" sizes="(min-width: 1008px) 400px" alt="محمد بن سلمان " loading="lazy" width="934" height="526" style="aspect-ratio:934 / 526" class="bbc-139onq"/></div><div class="lazyload-wrapper bbc-10klw3m"><div data-testid="frosted-glass-lazyload-placeholder" class="bbc-7gzyga"><h3 class="bbc-1uk1gs8"><a href="/arabic/articles/cy0l26746d6o" class="bbc-nrcg1m">هيومن رايتس ووتش تتهم ولي العهد السعودي باستخدام صندوق الاستثمارات العامة في ارتكاب انتهاكات حقوقية</a></h3><time dateTime="2024-11-20" class="bbc-lzs1ev e1mklfmt0">20 نوفمبر/ تشرين الثاني 2024</time></div></div></div></li></ul></section></div></div></div><section role="region" aria-labelledby="Most-Read" data-e2e="most-read" data-testid="most-read" class="bbc-1pg0aej"><div class="bbc-1rpw6bb e1m6nvxw1"><h2 id="section-label-heading-Most-Read" tabindex="-1" class="bbc-a5e1ct e1m6nvxw0"><span class="bbc-1fttcpj e1fapd9x4"><span class="bbc-127x8fy e1fapd9x2"><span dir="rtl" id="Most-Read" class="bbc-13nmxlq e1fapd9x1">الأكثر قراءة</span></span></span></h2></div><ol role="list" class="bbc-stivil ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1okkuy"><span class="bbc-109858a">1</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/cnvjv4yd1geo" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">الجيش السوري يستعد لهجوم مضاد "قريبا" وإيران تتهم المعارضة بتنفيذ "مخطط صهيو-أمريكي" </a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1w3s2le"><span class="bbc-109858a">2</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/c87xzdv4rx8o" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">ماذا لو قرّرت النساء الإضراب عن الجنس؟</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1okkuy"><span class="bbc-109858a">3</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/cpvzv7n1zl2o" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">ماذا نعرف عن هيئة تحرير الشام التي تشن هجمات على مواقع تابعة للجيش السوري؟</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1w3s2le"><span class="bbc-109858a">4</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/cz7w4zz4lqdo" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">مجلس التعاون الخليجي: لماذا تأسس؟ ولماذا لا يضم العراق واليمن؟</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1z377g"><span class="bbc-109858a">5</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/cdrj61zr31eo" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">ماذا نعرف عن هجوم إيران على إسرائيل بالصواريخ؟</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1126by3"><span class="bbc-109858a">6</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/cx28z2k73dvo" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">ماذا نعرف عن بنود الاتفاق بين حزب الله وإسرائيل؟</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-pnw545"><span class="bbc-109858a">7</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/ckg0g4k72kvo" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">وزير الخارجية الإيراني يؤكد دعم طهران "الحازم" لدمشق بعد هجوم الفصائل في شمال سوريا</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1126by3"><span class="bbc-109858a">8</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/c2383emjp5ko" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">زوجة عمران خان تختفي عن الأضواء بعد أن قادت مظاهرة من أجل الإفراج عنه</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-pnw545"><span class="bbc-109858a">9</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/c77xvmdm5e8o" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">أين يتجه حزب الله بعد اغتيال أبرز قادته؟</a></div></div></li><li role="listitem" class="bbc-jsrhcr ebmt73l0" dir="rtl"><div class="bbc-1is9yal"><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-1e8shh9"><span class="bbc-109858a">10</span></div><div dir="rtl" class="bbc-edu86c"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/c62jp85zlnlo" class="focusIndicatorDisplayTableCell bbc-btleo5">من شن الهجوم على غرب حلب ولماذا الآن؟</a></div></div></li></ol></section></div></div><footer role="contentinfo" class="bbc-1lvqtkx e1njnjcp0"><div class="ep1mqcj0 bbc-5g7yny e10yv9r12"><div class="bbc-1dg7u9h e10yv9r13"><a href="/arabic" id="footer" class="focusIndicatorRemove bbc-1re47cx e10yv9r11" aria-labelledby="BrandLink-footer"><svg id="brandSvgFooter" viewBox="140 140 1256 145" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" height="32" class="bbc-1jefi8v e10yv9r10"><g fill-rule="evenodd" stroke="#000" stroke-width=".335" style="stroke:#fff"><path d="M759.928 265.75a4646.67 4646.67 0 00-23.49-37.242 2633.129 2633.129 0 00-23.49-36.2v73.442h-22.003V159.452h23.192a2668.556 2668.556 0 0123.713 36.052 2774.159 2774.159 0 0123.267 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إذا أصيب شخص بعدوى لعدد ثابت من المرّات في سنة ما، فسيشعر كما لو كان مريضا طوال الوقت، و\"على هذا النحو تطول فترة الشعور بالمرض، فيظن الشخص أنه أصبح مريضاً أكثر من ذي قبل\" بحسب جوناثان بول.","attributes":[]},"position":[14,8,1]}]},"position":[14,8]}]},"position":[14]},{"id":"daaf1167","type":"image","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"47082d5c","type":"altText","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"4f5fce35","type":"text","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"f148cc0e","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"شخص معتل ","blocks":[{"id":"9094ca8f","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"شخص معتل ","attributes":[]},"position":[15,1,1,1,1]}]},"position":[15,1,1,1]}]},"position":[15,1,1]}]},"position":[15,1]},{"id":"e037e05f","type":"rawImage","model":{"width":629,"height":354,"locator":"3ae5/live/e31c6dc0-4c3a-11ef-8928-7320a5101360.png","originCode":"cpsprodpb","copyrightHolder":"Getty 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يحدث التفشّي في العدوى البكتيرية كل ثلاث إلى خمس سنوات، غير أن التفشي الأخير وقع في عام 2016.","attributes":[]},"position":[17,2,1]}]},"position":[17,2]},{"id":"13b87b09","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"وعليه، فربما وقع التفشّي في العدوى البكتيرية بينما كان وباء كوفيد في ذروته.","blocks":[{"id":"fac01234","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"وعليه، فربما وقع التفشّي في العدوى البكتيرية بينما كان وباء كوفيد في ذروته.","attributes":[]},"position":[17,3,1]}]},"position":[17,3]},{"id":"ad3f245e","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"وبدورها، تحذر وكالة الأمن الصحي في المملكة المتحدة من أن \"أثر الوباء يعني أن هناك تراجعا في مناعة السُكان كذلك\".","blocks":[{"id":"0e6fa738","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"وبدورها، تحذر وكالة الأمن الصحي في المملكة المتحدة من أن \"أثر الوباء يعني أن هناك تراجعا في مناعة السُكان كذلك\".","attributes":[]},"position":[17,4,1]}]},"position":[17,4]},{"id":"d200093c","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"وتبدو الأعراض شبيهة بأعراض نزلات البرد - من رشَح في الأنف، 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الديكي.","blocks":[{"id":"3d877b99","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"وسجلت الصحة البريطانية وفاة تسعة أطفال خلال العام الجاري بسبب الإصابة بالسعال الديكي.","attributes":[]},"position":[17,7,1]}]},"position":[17,7]},{"id":"5aff5df7","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"ولهذا السبب تعود الأهمية البالغة لتطعيم الأطفال حديثي الولادة والنساء الحوامل باللقاحات المضادة للسعال الديكي.","blocks":[{"id":"6b247406","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"ولهذا السبب تعود الأهمية البالغة لتطعيم الأطفال حديثي الولادة والنساء الحوامل باللقاحات المضادة للسعال الديكي.","attributes":[]},"position":[17,8,1]}]},"position":[17,8]}]},"position":[17]},{"id":"79d76c59","type":"subheadline","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"670d530b","type":"text","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"37a5d49c","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"انخفاض معدلات التطعيم باللقاحات","blocks":[{"id":"1e653783","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"انخفاض معدلات التطعيم 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الحركة، وعادات الأكل السيئة تؤثر سلباً على عملية التمثيل الغذائي في الجسم.","blocks":[{"id":"d6fe7a42","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"وتقول شينا كرويكشانك، الأستاذة بجامعة مانشستر، إن التوتر العصبي يؤثر سلباً على جهاز المناعة في الجسم ويتركه \"أقلّ قدرة على القيام بوظيفته\"، كما أن أسلوب الحياة المكتبيّ قليل الحركة، وعادات الأكل السيئة تؤثر سلباً على عملية التمثيل الغذائي في الجسم.","attributes":[]},"position":[21,3,1]}]},"position":[21,3]},{"id":"007338e0","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"وتضيف البروفيسور شينا قائلة إن \"كثيرين بيننا يعانون سوء التغذية ويفتقرون إلى عناصر غذائية أساسية تعتبر شديدة الأهمية للجهاز المناعي\".","blocks":[{"id":"5895705b","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"وتضيف البروفيسور شينا قائلة إن \"كثيرين بيننا يعانون سوء التغذية ويفتقرون إلى عناصر غذائية أساسية تعتبر شديدة الأهمية للجهاز المناعي\".","attributes":[]},"position":[21,4,1]}]},"position":[21,4]},{"id":"a84347ac","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"وفي ظل تلك الحال، فإن فيروسات كثيرة، كانت أجسامُنا قادرة على مقاومتها بالأمس، أصبحت الآن أكثر قدرة على تهديدنا.","blocks":[{"id":"6d4369b9","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"وفي ظل تلك الحال، فإن فيروسات كثيرة، كانت أجسامُنا قادرة على مقاومتها بالأمس، أصبحت الآن أكثر قدرة على تهديدنا.","attributes":[]},"position":[21,5,1]}]},"position":[21,5]}]},"position":[21]},{"id":"6d102944","type":"subheadline","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"46b396c7","type":"text","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"a43cc470","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"حُمى القشّ","blocks":[{"id":"d61454c4","type":"fragment","model":{"text":"حُمى القشّ","attributes":[]},"position":[22,1,1,1]}]},"position":[22,1,1]}]},"position":[22,1]}]},"position":[22]},{"id":"ba46c8c1","type":"text","model":{"blocks":[{"id":"410bafa1","type":"paragraph","model":{"text":"إذا كنت مريضا وظهرت عليك أعراض رشّح الأنف واجتاحتك رغبة في أن تحكّ حلقك، وداهمتك نوبات من العطس، فقد يكون السبب في ذلك أن جهازك المناعي يقاوم حبوب اللقاح -المسبّب الرئيسي للحساسية الموسمية- أكثر من احتمال إصابتك بعدوى 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