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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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.geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&params=39_54_26.4_N_116_23_27.9_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°54′26.4″N</span> <span class="longitude">116°23′27.9″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.907333°N 116.391083°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.907333; 116.391083</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2019 celebrations in China</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China<br /><div style="display:inline;" class="nickname" lang="zh-Hans"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年活动</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_70th_Anniversary_of_the_Founding_of_The_People%27s_Republic_of_China_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/81/The_70th_Anniversary_of_the_Founding_of_The_People%27s_Republic_of_China_logo.svg/220px-The_70th_Anniversary_of_the_Founding_of_The_People%27s_Republic_of_China_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/81/The_70th_Anniversary_of_the_Founding_of_The_People%27s_Republic_of_China_logo.svg/330px-The_70th_Anniversary_of_the_Founding_of_The_People%27s_Republic_of_China_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/81/The_70th_Anniversary_of_the_Founding_of_The_People%27s_Republic_of_China_logo.svg/440px-The_70th_Anniversary_of_the_Founding_of_The_People%27s_Republic_of_China_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="287" data-file-height="201" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military_parade" title="Military parade">Military parade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parade" title="Parade">mass pageant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Festival" title="Festival">music and dance gala</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">1 October 2019</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Select years<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chang%27an_Avenue" title="Chang'an Avenue">Chang'an Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Square" title="Tiananmen Square">Tiananmen Square</a>, Beijing, China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&params=39_54_26.4_N_116_23_27.9_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°54′26.4″N</span> <span class="longitude">116°23′27.9″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.907333°N 116.391083°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.907333; 116.391083</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="currentage"></span>75</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inaugurated</th><td class="infobox-data">1 October 1949<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1949-10-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Previous event</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/60th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China">60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Next event</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=80th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_Of_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80th anniversary of the People's Republic Of China (page does not exist)">80th anniversary of the People's Republic Of China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Participants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_leaders_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of national leaders of the People's Republic of China">National leaders</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_organization" title="International organization">international organization</a> leaders, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">PLA</a>, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">PAP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a>, and other formations</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">CCP General Secretary</a>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">People</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang" title="Li Keqiang">Li Keqiang</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of the People's Republic of China">Premier</a> and host)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Yi_Xiaoguang" title="Yi Xiaoguang">Yi Xiaoguang</a> <small>(chief commander of the military parade)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.70prc.cn/english/index.htm">70prc.cn</a></span> <small>(English version)</small></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Celebrations of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:201909_%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E8%A1%9770%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9D%9B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/201909_%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E8%A1%9770%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9D%9B.jpg/220px-201909_%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E8%A1%9770%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9D%9B.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/201909_%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E8%A1%9770%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9D%9B.jpg/330px-201909_%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E8%A1%9770%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9D%9B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/201909_%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E8%A1%9770%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9D%9B.jpg/440px-201909_%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E8%A1%9770%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9D%9B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flowerbed reading "70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China" on <a href="/wiki/Jianguomen_Inner_Street" title="Jianguomen Inner Street">Jianguomen Inner Street</a> near Beijing International Hotel</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年活动</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">慶祝中華人民共和國成立70週年活動</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">qìngzhù Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó chénglì qīshí zhōunián huódòng</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">celebrating Chinese people's republic's founding seventy anniversary live action</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">qìngzhù Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó chénglì qīshí zhōunián huódòng</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">hingjūk Jūngwàh Yàhnmàhn Guhngwòhgwok sìhnglahp chātsahp jāunìhn wuhtduhng</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">hing<sup>3</sup>zuk<sup>1</sup> Zung<sup>1</sup>waa<sup>4</sup> Jan<sup>4</sup>man<sup>4</sup> Gung<sup>6</sup>wo<sup>4</sup>gwok<sup>3</sup> sing<sup>4</sup>lap<sup>6</sup> cat<sup>1</sup>sap<sup>6</sup> zau<sup>1</sup>nin<sup>4</sup> wut<sup>6</sup>dung<sup>6</sup></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Alternative Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年大会</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">慶祝中華人民共和國成立70週年大會</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">qìngzhù Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó chénglì qīshí zhōunián dàhuì</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">celebrating Chinese people's republic's founding seventy anniversary mass gathering</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">qìngzhù Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó chénglì qīshí zhōunián dàhuì</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">hingjūk Jūngwàh Yàhnmàhn Guhngwòhgwok sìhnglahp chātsahp jāunìhn daaihwúih</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">hing<sup>3</sup>zuk<sup>1</sup> Zung<sup>1</sup>waa<sup>4</sup> Jan<sup>4</sup>man<sup>4</sup> Gung<sup>6</sup>wo<sup>4</sup>gwok<sup>3</sup> sing<sup>4</sup>lap<sup>6</sup> zau<sup>1</sup>nin<sup>4</sup> daai<sup>6</sup>wui<sup>5</sup></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China</b> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年</span>) was observed with a series of ceremonial events including a grand <a href="/wiki/Military_parade" title="Military parade">military parade</a> as its spotlight to celebrate <a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="National Day of the People's Republic of China">National Day</a> of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> that took place on 1 October 2019 in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>. It was the largest military parade and mass pageant in Chinese history.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP) <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">general secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a>, who was the guest of honour, gave the holiday address to the nation and Chinese expatriates before inspecting the formations along <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an_Avenue" title="Chang'an Avenue">Chang'an Avenue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-intro_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-intro-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Premier <a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang" title="Li Keqiang">Li Keqiang</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Master_of_ceremonies" title="Master of ceremonies">master of ceremonies</a> and General <a href="/wiki/Yi_Xiaoguang" title="Yi Xiaoguang">Yi Xiaoguang</a> was the chief commander of the parade. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Proclamation of the People's Republic of China">Proclamation of the People's Republic of China</a></div> <p>The CCP had defeated the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> Party following the Chinese Civil War, which occurred intermittently between <a href="/wiki/Nanchang_uprising" title="Nanchang uprising">1927</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hainan_Island" title="Battle of Hainan Island">1950</a> In the aftermath of the civil war, the Kuomintang and its loyalists then <a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Retreat of the Republic of China to Taiwan">retreated</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan" title="Geography of Taiwan">island of Taiwan</a>, formerly a <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Qing_rule" title="Taiwan under Qing rule">prefecture of the Qing Empire</a>, which had been under <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Japanese colonial rule</a> from 1895 to 1945. </p><p>The founding of the People's Republic of China was formally proclaimed by <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party">Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party</a>, on 1 October 1949 at 3:00 pm in <a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Square" title="Tiananmen Square">Tiananmen Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> (formerly Beiping), the new capital (<a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a> had been the capital of the former <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a>). The first public parade of the then new <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> took place there, following the chairman's address of the formal foundation of the new republic. Before this, as the national anthem <i><a href="/wiki/March_of_the_Volunteers" title="March of the Volunteers">March of the Volunteers</a></i> was played, the new <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_China" title="Flag of China">national flag of the People's Republic of China</a> was officially unveiled to the newly founded nation and hoisted for the first time during the celebrations as a <a href="/wiki/21-gun_salute" title="21-gun salute">21-gun salute</a> fired in the distance. </p><p>In its early years, the People's Republic of China was not internationally recognized as the Republic of China held its <a href="/wiki/China_and_the_United_Nations" title="China and the United Nations">seat</a> in the United Nations and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">Security Council</a> as the sole legitimate government of "China" by the United States and western nations. In 1971, the PRC <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758">was admitted</a> to the United Nations and thus excluded the ROC from United Nations membership. </p><p>Since the establishment of the PRC, celebrations of varying scales occur on <a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="National Day of the People's Republic of China">National Day</a> each year. <a href="/wiki/Military_parade" title="Military parade">Military parades</a>, presided over by chairman Mao Zedong, were held every year between 1949 and 1959, the first decade of the PRC. In September 1960, the Chinese leadership decided that to save funds and "be frugal", large-scale ceremonies for National Day would only be held every ten years, with a smaller-scale ceremony every five years.<sup id="cite_ref-paradehistory_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paradehistory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (The tradition of the yearly parade, though, would be partially revived with parades held in 1969 and 1970.) Since China's <a href="/wiki/Chinese_economic_reform" title="Chinese economic reform">opening and reform</a>, the most prominent National Day celebrations have taken place in 1984, 1999, and 2009 at the 35th, 50th and 60th anniversaries respectively. </p><p>The 70th national anniversary parade was the fifth major parade since Xi Jinping took power as CCP General Secretary (China's <a href="/wiki/Paramount_leader" title="Paramount leader">paramount leader</a>) and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (<a href="/wiki/Supreme_Military_Command_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Military Command of the People's Republic of China">Commander-in-chief</a>) in 2012, and occurred with the <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">mass protests in Hong Kong</a> that have been on-going since 9 June as backdrop.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparations">Preparations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Preparations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiananmen_Square_70_National_Day_Preparations.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Tiananmen_Square_70_National_Day_Preparations.jpg/220px-Tiananmen_Square_70_National_Day_Preparations.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Tiananmen_Square_70_National_Day_Preparations.jpg/330px-Tiananmen_Square_70_National_Day_Preparations.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Tiananmen_Square_70_National_Day_Preparations.jpg/440px-Tiananmen_Square_70_National_Day_Preparations.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Preparations underway in Tiananmen Square for the National Day Parade</figcaption></figure> <p>The official logo for the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China was officially unveiled by the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_Information_Office" title="State Council Information Office">State Council Information Office</a> on 3 June 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-xinhuanet138113794_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhuanet138113794-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many celebrations throughout China and overseas Chinese communities were planned for the year of 2019. In early September, rehearsals took place in central Beijing for the military parade. General Cai Zhijun of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission">Joint General Staff</a> said in a press briefing that it would not be targeted "at any countries or districts" but rather would be "committed to safeguarding world peace and regional stability".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was expected to be bigger than the parades commemorating the 50th and 60th anniversary of the PRC, as well as the <a href="/wiki/2015_China_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2015 China Victory Day Parade">2015 China Victory Day Parade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-xinhuanet138348112_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhuanet138348112-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The capital was covered with red flags, adorning apartment compounds and neighbourhoods; banners reading "Today's China is the result of the work of Chinese people" were draped across overpasses, and topiaries were installed around the roads in Beijing.<sup id="cite_ref-nodrones_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nodrones-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The authorities gave out 620,000 television sets allowing those not invited to still be able to watch the festivities.<sup id="cite_ref-nodrones_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nodrones-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although a massive National Day fireworks display had been planned along the harbour in Hong Kong to celebrate the 70th anniversary – as it has done every year since 1997, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong government">Hong Kong government</a> cancelled them "for safety reasons" over the protests in the city that have lasted since March. A more low-key celebration was planned in the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-scmp3027947_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp3027947-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nodrones_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nodrones-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security">Security</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Security"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Beijing was in virtual lockdown in the run-up to the anniversary.<sup id="cite_ref-msn_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msn-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pigeonban_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pigeonban-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Objects that could overfly the capital – for example kites, balloons, drones and even pigeons – were banned. The use of <a href="/wiki/Walkie-talkies" class="mw-redirect" title="Walkie-talkies">walkie-talkies</a> and other devices using radio waves, as well as alcohol, also joined the list of things that were disallowed.<sup id="cite_ref-nodrones_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nodrones-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pigeonban_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pigeonban-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Weeks before the anniversary, motorists were prohibited from refuelling their cars or motorcycles on their own. During rehearsals for a military parade to mark the day, residents close to Tiananmen Square received instructions to stay away from windows and to keep their curtains drawn.<sup id="cite_ref-nodrones_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nodrones-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Guests in hotels in the vicinity of Tiananmen Square were told that for several hours each day, they would not be able to leave or return to it for hours at a time. Shops and restaurants in the centre closed or shortened their opening hours; some metro stations were closed temporarily.<sup id="cite_ref-pigeonban_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pigeonban-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hong_Kong">Hong Kong</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hong Kong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(October_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (October 2019)">Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (October 2019)</a> and <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">2019–2020 Hong Kong protests</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2019-10-01_Demonstration_Hong_Kong_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/2019-10-01_Demonstration_Hong_Kong_11.jpg/220px-2019-10-01_Demonstration_Hong_Kong_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/2019-10-01_Demonstration_Hong_Kong_11.jpg/330px-2019-10-01_Demonstration_Hong_Kong_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/2019-10-01_Demonstration_Hong_Kong_11.jpg/440px-2019-10-01_Demonstration_Hong_Kong_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>Protesters throwing eggs at CCP <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">general secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a>'s portrait</figcaption></figure> <p>Hong Kong protesters marked a "<a href="/wiki/National_day_of_mourning" title="National day of mourning">national day of mourning</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-HKFP20191001A_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HKFP20191001A-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In defiance of a police ban on the annual march that the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Human_Rights_Front" title="Civil Human Rights Front">Civil Human Rights Front</a> (CHRF) applied for, four veteran democrats led a rally from <a href="/wiki/Causeway_Bay" title="Causeway Bay">Causeway Bay</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central,_Hong_Kong" title="Central, Hong Kong">Central</a>, mourning the victims of CCP rule and calling for the end of <a href="/wiki/One-party_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="One-party rule">one-party rule</a> in mainland China.<sup id="cite_ref-HKFP20191001A_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HKFP20191001A-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simultaneously, protesters held rallies in <a href="/wiki/Wong_Tai_Sin,_Hong_Kong" title="Wong Tai Sin, Hong Kong">Wong Tai Sin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" title="Tuen Mun">Tuen Mun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsuen_Wan" title="Tsuen Wan">Tsuen Wan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sha_Tin" title="Sha Tin">Sha Tin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sham_Shui_Po" title="Sham Shui Po">Sham Shui Po</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-HKFP20191001A_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HKFP20191001A-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which drew tens of thousands of participants.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_1Oct_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian_1Oct-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The protests were initially peaceful, but violent incidents occurred later during the day. MTR stations and businesses that were thought to be associated with the mainland were vandalised.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_1Oct_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian_1Oct-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Multiple <a href="/wiki/Warning_shot" title="Warning shot">warning shots</a> were fired in various popular districts; in Tsuen Wan, a police officer fired a live round at an 18-year-old male secondary school student who tried to take his revolver at <a href="/wiki/Point_blank_range" class="mw-redirect" title="Point blank range">point blank range</a> with it.<sup id="cite_ref-br-iv_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-br-iv-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ch-li_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ch-li-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first live round fired at a person by the Hong Kong police in this series of protests.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_1Oct_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian_1Oct-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-scmp3031325_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp3031325-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The protester was rushed to hospital in a critical condition.<sup id="cite_ref-20191001cnn_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20191001cnn-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:70th_anniversary_of_the_PRC_sign_Tianjin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/70th_anniversary_of_the_PRC_sign_Tianjin.jpg/220px-70th_anniversary_of_the_PRC_sign_Tianjin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/70th_anniversary_of_the_PRC_sign_Tianjin.jpg/330px-70th_anniversary_of_the_PRC_sign_Tianjin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/70th_anniversary_of_the_PRC_sign_Tianjin.jpg/440px-70th_anniversary_of_the_PRC_sign_Tianjin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2052" data-file-height="1275" /></a><figcaption>A sign celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic in <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/China_Media_Group" title="China Media Group">China Media Group</a> (CMG), the state-owned holding firm of the <a href="/wiki/China_Central_Television" title="China Central Television">China Central Television</a> (CCTV) network and the <a href="/wiki/China_Global_Television_Network" title="China Global Television Network">China Global Television Network</a> (CGTN) international channels, was expected to mainly broadcast synchronously for domestic and foreign TV channels with <a href="/wiki/CCTV-1" title="CCTV-1">CCTV-1</a> as the producing channel for the celebrations, while national, provincial and city broadcasters and TV stations, domestic internet video, portals, and live webcast sites also broadcast the event simultaneously via the CCTV-1 feed. CGTN broadcast the events live overseas and online, including on YouTube, in multiple languages. In addition, <a href="/wiki/China_National_Radio" title="China National Radio">China National Radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/China_Radio_International" title="China Radio International">China Radio International</a>, both also owned by CMG, served as the official radio stations broadcasting the festivities. On 4 September 2019, CMG held a mobilization meeting to celebrate the 70th anniversary. More than 260 representatives from its member companies attended the event.<sup id="cite_ref-mobilization_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mobilization-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various overseas media also paid attention to the coverage of this event, and those who already met the conditions could broadcast it worldwide. The "press centre for the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China" was based in Beijing's Media Center and was officially launched on 23 September.<sup id="cite_ref-presscenter_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presscenter-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A "special clean-up operation" was initiated targeting "harmful political information" and any Sina Weibo accounts or posts that "distort the history of the party and the country".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musical_concert">Musical concert</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Musical concert"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>To mark the special anniversary of national foundation, on Sunday, 29 September, the celebrations began with the CCTV-produced musical concert gala <i>The Nation Moves Onward</i> aired nationwide on CCTV-1 live from the Great Auditorium of the Beijing <a href="/wiki/Great_Hall_of_the_People" title="Great Hall of the People">Great Hall of the People</a>, in which <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a> (CMC) <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">chairman</a> and general secretary of the CCP Xi Jinping attended as guest of honour together with other party and national leaders, veterans of the PLA and other invited guests. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wreath-laying_ceremony">Wreath-laying ceremony</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Wreath-laying ceremony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The 15th annual wreath laying ceremony in honour of the heroes and martyrs of the Chinese nation and people was held in earnest on 30 September, National Memorial Day, on the grounds of Tiananmen Square which CMC Chairman and General Secretary of the CCP Xi Jinping attended as guest of honour, together with other party and national leaders, veterans of the PLA, distinguished citizens, the Young Pioneers and representatives of the civil service and the private sector, in which flowers and wreaths were laid in the <a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_People%27s_Heroes" title="Monument to the People's Heroes">Monument to the People's Heroes</a>. </p><p>In an earlier ceremony at the Great Hall of the People, 42 individuals, including several foreigners, were awarded by paramount leader Xi as part of the National Day honours list (several of the awards were posthumous) with national orders and decorations for merit and service to the republic and people as well as to contributing to enhanced ties with foreign countries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civil-military_parade">Civil-military parade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Civil-military parade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starting_aerial_formation_of_PRC70_Parade_(20191001112401).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Starting_aerial_formation_of_PRC70_Parade_%2820191001112401%29.jpg/220px-Starting_aerial_formation_of_PRC70_Parade_%2820191001112401%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Starting_aerial_formation_of_PRC70_Parade_%2820191001112401%29.jpg/330px-Starting_aerial_formation_of_PRC70_Parade_%2820191001112401%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Starting_aerial_formation_of_PRC70_Parade_%2820191001112401%29.jpg/440px-Starting_aerial_formation_of_PRC70_Parade_%2820191001112401%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6175" data-file-height="4117" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/KJ-2000" title="KJ-2000">KJ-2000</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_J-10" title="Chengdu J-10">J-10s</a> started the flypast formation</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leaders_in_attendance">Leaders in attendance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Leaders in attendance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> (<a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the People's Republic of China">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">CMC chairman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> (former General Secretary of the CCP, 1989–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a> (former General Secretary of the CCP, 2002–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang" title="Li Keqiang">Li Keqiang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of the People's Republic of China">Premier</a>, official master of ceremonies for the parade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhanshu" title="Li Zhanshu">Li Zhanshu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Congress chairman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yang_(politician)" title="Wang Yang (politician)">Wang Yang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference chairman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a> (First Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party">Secretariat</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Secretary of Discipline Inspection</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Zheng" title="Han Zheng">Han Zheng</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China">First Vice Premier</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Qishan" title="Wang Qishan">Wang Qishan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice President of the People's Republic of China">Vice President</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Ruihuan" title="Li Ruihuan">Li Ruihuan</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference chairman</a>, 1993–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Bangguo" title="Wu Bangguo">Wu Bangguo</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Congress chairman</a>, 2003–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of the People's Republic of China">Premier</a>, 2003–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jia_Qinglin" title="Jia Qinglin">Jia Qinglin</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference chairman</a>, 2003–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Ping" title="Song Ping">Song Ping</a> (former <a href="/wiki/State_councillor_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="State councillor (China)">State councillor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a>, 1983–1988)</li> <li>Other <a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo Standing Committee members</a> and <a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo members</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_parade">Military parade</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Military parade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg/170px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg/255px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg/340px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/170px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/255px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/340px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/170px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/255px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/340px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The flags of the <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Emblem of the Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_China" title="Flag of China">People's Republic of China</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Flag of the People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Infantry_formation">Infantry formation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Infantry formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In order of appearance: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Garrison_Honor_Guard_Battalion" title="Beijing Garrison Honor Guard Battalion">People's Liberation Army Guard of Honour</a> (<span lang="zh-Hans">中国人民解放军仪仗大队</span>)</li> <li>PLA Leaders/Commanders Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">领导指挥方队</span>, a combined battalion of <a href="/wiki/Commissioned_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioned officer">commissioned officers</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">CMC</a>, various <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">PLA</a> and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">PAP</a> branches)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force">PLA Ground Force</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">陆军方队</span>) represented by the <a href="/wiki/82nd_Group_Army" title="82nd Group Army">82nd Group Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">PLA Navy</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">海军方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">PLA Air Force</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">空军方队</span>) represented by the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force_Airborne_Corps" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force Airborne Corps">Airborne Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Rocket_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Rocket Force">PLA Rocket Force</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">火箭军方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Strategic_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force">PLA Strategic Support Force</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">战略支援部队方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistic_Support_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Logistic Support Department of the Central Military Commission">Joint Logistics Support Force</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">联勤保障部队方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">武警部队方队</span>)</li> <li>Female Soldiers Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">女兵方队</span>)</li> <li>Institute Researchers Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">院校科研方队</span>, a combined cadet battalion of PLA educational, research and development institutions) represented by officer cadets from the <a href="/wiki/PLA_Academy_of_Military_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="PLA Academy of Military Science">Academy of Military Science</a>, <a href="/wiki/PLA_National_Defence_University" class="mw-redirect" title="PLA National Defence University">National Defence University</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Defense_Technology" title="National University of Defense Technology">National University of Defense Technology</a></li> <li>Civilian Staff Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">文职人员方队</span>, a combined battalion of civilian personnel in the CMC and PLA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_China#Reserve_service_system" title="Paramilitary forces of China">PLA Reserve Service Forces</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">预备役部队方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_China#Militia" title="Paramilitary forces of China">Female Militia</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">女民兵方队</span>, from the <a href="/wiki/Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaoyang District, Beijing">Chaoyang District</a>, nicknamed the "Iron Roses"<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>Chinese <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">Peacekeeping Forces</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">维和部队方队</span>) represented by the <a href="/wiki/81st_Group_Army" title="81st Group Army">81st Group Army</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vehicle_column">Vehicle column</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Vehicle column"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In order of appearance: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_flag" title="War flag">War Flag</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">战旗方队</span>), represented by <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Mengshi#CSK-181" title="Dongfeng Mengshi">CSK-181 "Warrior"</a> <a href="/wiki/Off-road_vehicle" title="Off-road vehicle">off-road vehicles</a> bearing <a href="/wiki/Military_colours,_standards_and_guidons" title="Military colours, standards and guidons">battle colours</a> from 100 heroic companies from each service branch of the PLA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_Warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground Warfare">Ground Warfare</a> Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">陆上作战模块</span>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tank</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">坦克方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/Type_99_tank#Type_99A" title="Type 99 tank">Type 99A main battle tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_Armor" class="mw-redirect" title="Light Armor">Light Armor</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">轻型装甲方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/Type_15_tank" title="Type 15 tank">Type 15 light tank</a>, <a href="/wiki/ZBD-04" title="ZBD-04">Type 04A infantry fighting vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_vehicle" title="Amphibious vehicle">Amphibious Assault Vehicle</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">两栖突击车方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/Type_05_amphibious_fighting_vehicle" title="Type 05 amphibious fighting vehicle">Type 05A amphibious assault vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">Airborne</a> <a href="/wiki/Combat_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Vehicle">Combat Vehicle</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">空降兵战车方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/ZBD-03" title="ZBD-03">Type 03 airborne infantry fighting vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_artillery" title="Self-propelled artillery">Self-Propelled Artillery</a> Formation (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">自行火炮方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/PCL-181" title="PCL-181">PCL-181</a> truck-mounted <a href="/wiki/155mm" class="mw-redirect" title="155mm">155mm</a> <a href="/wiki/Gun-howitzer" title="Gun-howitzer">gun-howitzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/PHL-16" title="PHL-16">PHL-16</a> long-range <a href="/wiki/Multiple_rocket_launcher" title="Multiple rocket launcher">multiple rocket launcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank missile">Anti-Tank Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">反坦克导弹方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/HJ-10" title="HJ-10">HJ-10</a> <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_missile_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank missile carrier">anti-tank missile vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Operations">Special Operations</a> Equipment Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">特战装备方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/CS/VP4_ATV" title="CS/VP4 ATV">CS/VP4 "Lynx"</a> <a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">all-terrain vehicle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_Baojii_Special_Vehicles_Lie_Ying_Falcon" title="Shaanxi Baojii Special Vehicles Lie Ying Falcon">"Hunting Eagle" Assault Gyrocopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">Armed Police</a> <a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">Counterterrorism</a> Assault Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">武警反恐突击方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Mengshi" title="Dongfeng Mengshi">"Warrior" counter-terrorism assault vehicle</a>, <a href="/wiki/WZ-551" title="WZ-551">WJ-03B anti-riot armored vehicle</a></li></ul></li> <li>Naval Warfare Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">海上作战模块</span>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_defence_and_fortification" title="Coastal defence and fortification">Coast-to-Ship Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">岸舰导弹方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/YJ-12" title="YJ-12">YJ-12B anti-ship missile</a></li> <li>Ship/Submarine-to-Ship Missile Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">舰舰/潜舰导弹方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/YJ-18#Variants" title="YJ-18">YJ-18A anti-ship missile</a>, <a href="/wiki/YJ-18#Variants" title="YJ-18">YJ-18B</a> <a href="/wiki/Submarine-launched_missile" title="Submarine-launched missile">submarine-launched anti-ship missile</a></li> <li>Shipborne <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Air Defense Weapon</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">舰载防空武器方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/HQ-9" title="HQ-9">HHQ-9B long-range anti-air missile</a>, <a href="/wiki/HQ-16" title="HQ-16">HQ-16 medium-range anti-air missile</a>, <a href="/wiki/HQ-10" title="HQ-10">HQ-10 short-range anti-air missile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Type_730_CIWS#Type_1130" title="Type 730 CIWS">H/PJ-11 CWIS</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air Defense/<a href="/wiki/Missile_defense" title="Missile defense">Anti-Missile</a> Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">防空反导模块</span>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early-warning_radar" title="Early-warning radar">Early-Warning Radar</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">预警雷达方队</span>)</li> <li>1st <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-Air_Missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Surface-to-Air Missile">Surface-to-Air Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">地空导弹第一方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/HQ-9" title="HQ-9">HQ-9B long-range anti-air missile</a>, <a href="/wiki/HQ-22" title="HQ-22">HQ-22 long-range anti-air missile</a></li> <li>2nd Surface-to-Air Missile Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">地空导弹第二方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/KS-1_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="KS-1 (missile)">HQ-12A medium-range anti-air missile</a>, <a href="/wiki/HQ-6" title="HQ-6">HQ-6 short-range anti-air missile</a></li> <li>Field Air Defense Missile Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">野战防空导弹方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/HQ-17" title="HQ-17">HQ-17A short-range anti-air missile</a>, <a href="/wiki/HQ-16" title="HQ-16">HQ-16B medium-range anti-air missile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Information Warfare">Information Warfare</a> Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">信息作战模块</span>) <ul><li>1st Information Warfare Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">信息作战第一方队</span>)</li> <li>2nd Information Warfare Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">信息作战第二方队</span>)</li> <li>3rd Information Warfare Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">信息作战第三方队</span>)</li> <li>4th Information Warfare Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">信息作战第四方队</span>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">Unmanned</a> <a href="/wiki/Drone_warfare" title="Drone warfare">Warfare</a> Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">无人作战模块</span>) <ul><li>1st Drone Warfare Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">无人作战第一方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/AVIC_WZ-8" title="AVIC WZ-8">WZ-8</a> high-altitude hypersonic stealth UAV</li> <li>2nd Drone Warfare Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">无人作战第二方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/CAIG_Wing_Loong_II" title="CAIG Wing Loong II">"Wing Loong-2"</a> <a href="/wiki/High-Altitude_Long_Endurance" class="mw-redirect" title="High-Altitude Long Endurance">HALE</a> <a href="/wiki/UCAV" class="mw-redirect" title="UCAV">UCAV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hongdu_GJ-11" title="Hongdu GJ-11">"Sharp Sword" stealth UAV</a></li> <li>3rd Drone Warfare Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">无人作战第三方队</span>): <a href="/wiki/HSU-001" title="HSU-001">HSU-001</a> <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_underwater_vehicle" title="Unmanned underwater vehicle">unmanned underwater vehicle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_logistics" title="Military logistics">Logistics</a> & <a href="/wiki/Combat_service_support" title="Combat service support">Equipment Support</a> Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">后装保障模块</span>) <ul><li>Supply & Provision Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">补给供应方队</span>): Field vehicles for <a href="/wiki/Water_purification" title="Water purification">water purification</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railway_platform" title="Railway platform">platform</a>-laying, refueling and <a href="/wiki/Food_processing" title="Food processing">food processing</a></li> <li>Repair & Rescue Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">抢修抢救方队</span>): Field vehicles for <a href="/wiki/Battlefield_medicine" title="Battlefield medicine">combat surgery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_recovery" title="Vehicle recovery">equipment recovery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maintenance_(technical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maintenance (technical)">disassembly and repair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">search and rescue</a></li></ul></li> <li>Strategic Strike Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">战略打击模块</span>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DF-17" title="DF-17">DF-17 Conventional Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">东风-17常规导弹方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CJ-100" title="CJ-100">CJ-100 Cruise Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">长剑-100巡航导弹方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DF-26" title="DF-26">DF-26 Nuclear/Conventional Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">东风-26核常兼备导弹方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JL-2" title="JL-2">JL-2 Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">巨浪-2导弹方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DF-31" title="DF-31">DF-31AG Nuclear Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">东风-31甲改核导弹方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DF-5" title="DF-5">DF-5B Nuclear Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">东风-5B核导弹方队</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DF-41" title="DF-41">DF-41 Nuclear Missile</a> Formation (<span lang="zh-Hans">东风-41核导弹方队</span>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Flypast_column">Flypast column</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Flypast column"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Command Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">领队机梯队</span>) <ul><li>One <a href="/wiki/KJ-2000" title="KJ-2000">KJ-2000</a> <a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">AEWC aircraft</a>, eight <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_J-10" title="Chengdu J-10">J-10A</a> fighters from the <a href="/wiki/August_1st_(aerobatic_team)" title="August 1st (aerobatic team)">August 1st Aerobatics Team</a> with <a href="/wiki/Colored_smoke" title="Colored smoke">colored smoke</a></li></ul></li> <li>Early Warning & Control Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">预警指挥机梯队</span>) in three formations: <ul><li>One <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_KJ-500" title="Shaanxi KJ-500">KJ-500</a> AEWC aircraft, four <a href="/wiki/J-16" class="mw-redirect" title="J-16">J-16</a> <a href="/wiki/Strike_fighter" title="Strike fighter">strike fighters</a></li> <li>One <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_KJ-200" title="Shaanxi KJ-200">KJ-200</a> AEWC aircraft, four J-16 strike fighters</li> <li>One <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_Y-8" title="Shaanxi Y-8">Y-8</a> <a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">C&C aircraft</a>, four J-16 strike fighters</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Patrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Patrol">Maritime Patrol</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">海上巡逻机梯队</span>) in two formations: <ul><li>One KJ-500H AEWC aircraft, two Y-8G <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> <a href="/wiki/Patrol_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrol aircraft">patrol aircraft</a></li> <li>One KJ-500H AEWC aircraft, two Y-8G <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft">reconnaissance aircraft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" title="Military transport aircraft">Transporter</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">运输机梯队</span>) in two formations: <ul><li>Three <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an_Y-20" title="Xi'an Y-20">Y-20</a> <a href="/wiki/Strategic_airlifter" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic airlifter">strategic airlifters</a></li> <li>Three <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_Y-9" title="Shaanxi Y-9">Y-9</a> <a href="/wiki/Tactical_airlifter" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactical airlifter">tactical airlifters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Support_Aircraft" title="Common Support Aircraft">Support & Security</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">支援保障机梯队</span>) in two formations: <ul><li>One Y-9 <a href="/wiki/Electronic-warfare_aircraft" title="Electronic-warfare aircraft">electronic-warfare aircraft</a>, one Y-9 <a href="/wiki/Psychological_warfare" title="Psychological warfare">psychological warfare</a> aircraft, one Y-9 <a href="/wiki/Aeromedical_evacuation" title="Aeromedical evacuation">aeromedical</a> aircraft</li> <li>One Y-8 long-range support <a href="/wiki/Radar_jamming_and_deception" title="Radar jamming and deception">jammer</a> aircraft, one Y-8 electronic-warfare aircraft, one Y-8 <a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">electronic reconnaissance</a> aircraft</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomber" title="Bomber">Bomber</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">轰炸机梯队</span>) in three formations: <ul><li>Three <a href="/wiki/Xian_H-6" class="mw-redirect" title="Xian H-6">H-6N</a> long-range strategic bombers</li> <li>Three H-6K bombers</li> <li>Three H-6K bombers</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_refueling" title="Aerial refueling">Refueller</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">加受油机梯队</span>) <ul><li>One <a href="/wiki/Xian_H-6#Aerial_refuelling_versions" class="mw-redirect" title="Xian H-6">HY-6</a> tanker aircraft, two <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_J-10#Variants" title="Chengdu J-10">J-10B</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_superiority_fighter" title="Air superiority fighter">air superiority fighters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier-based_aircraft" title="Carrier-based aircraft">Carrier-Based Aircraft</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">舰载机梯队</span>) <ul><li>Five <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_J-15" title="Shenyang J-15">J-15</a> <a href="/wiki/Carrier-based_aircraft" title="Carrier-based aircraft">carrier-based</a> <a href="/wiki/Multirole_fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="Multirole fighter">multirole fighters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighter</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">歼击机梯队</span>) in three formations: <ul><li>Five <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_J-20" title="Chengdu J-20">J-20</a> <a href="/wiki/Stealth_fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="Stealth fighter">stealth fighters</a></li> <li>Five <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_J-16" title="Shenyang J-16">J-16</a> <a href="/wiki/Strike_fighter" title="Strike fighter">strike fighters</a></li> <li>Five <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_J-10#Variants" title="Chengdu J-10">J-10C</a> <a href="/wiki/Multirole_combat_aircraft" title="Multirole combat aircraft">multirole fighters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Aviation" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Aviation">Army Aviation</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_Assault" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Assault">Assault</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">陆航突击梯队</span>) in five formations: <ul><li>Reconnaissance & Alert Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">侦察警戒模块</span>): five <a href="/wiki/Harbin_Z-9" title="Harbin Z-9">Z-9</a> <a href="/wiki/Armed_helicopter" title="Armed helicopter">armed reconnaissance helicopters</a></li> <li>Firepower Assault Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">火力突击模块</span>): nine <a href="/wiki/CAIC_Z-10" class="mw-redirect" title="CAIC Z-10">WZ-10</a> <a href="/wiki/Attack_helicopter" title="Attack helicopter">attack helicopters</a></li> <li>Troop Assault Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">兵力突击模块</span>): three <a href="/wiki/Harbin_Z-19" title="Harbin Z-19">WZ-19</a> reconnaissance/attack helicopters, six <a href="/wiki/Harbin_Z-20" title="Harbin Z-20">Z-20</a> general <a href="/wiki/Utility_helicopter" title="Utility helicopter">utility helicopters</a></li> <li>Landing Assault Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">机降突击模块</span>): nine <a href="/wiki/Changhe_Z-8" class="mw-redirect" title="Changhe Z-8">Z-8B</a> <a href="/wiki/Transport_helicopter" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport helicopter">transport helicopters</a></li> <li>Escort Module (<span lang="zh-Hans">护航模块</span>): eight WZ-19 attack helicopters</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trainer_aircraft" title="Trainer aircraft">Trainer</a> Echelon (<span lang="zh-Hans">教练机梯队</span>) in four formations: <ul><li>Five <a href="/wiki/Hongdu_L-15" class="mw-redirect" title="Hongdu L-15">JL-10</a> trainers</li> <li>Five <a href="/wiki/Guizhou_JL-9" title="Guizhou JL-9">JL-9</a> trainers</li> <li>Five <a href="/wiki/Hongdu_JL-8" title="Hongdu JL-8">JL-8</a> trainers</li> <li>Seven JL-8 trainers with <a href="/wiki/Colored_smoke" title="Colored smoke">colored smoke</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civilian_parade">Civilian parade</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Civilian parade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In order of appearance: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_China" title="Flag of China">Flag of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="National Emblem of the People's Republic of China">National Emblem of the People's Republic of China</a> preceded by the years 1949 and 2019</li> <li>Red flag bearers</li> <li>Open-top buses carrying family members and relatives of the founding fathers of the PRC, members of the Central People's Government and deputies of the CPPCC, as well as veterans of the People's Liberation Army and living participants of the 1949 parade, escorted by motocycle riders of People's Armed Police</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Band_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_of_China" title="Central Military Band of the People's Liberation Army of China">Central Military Band of the People's Liberation Army of China</a> is composed of 1,321 musicians. The head and chief commander is Zhang Haifeng. For the first time, the military orchestra used military instruments such as military numbers, long ceremonies, and timpani drums during the National Day military parade. In this military parade, a total of 28 pieces of music were played, such as "March of the Steel Torrent", "Chongshang Yunxiao", "Honor to the Horn", "Divided Horn", etc. 12 of which are classic marches and 16 are new pieces. On National Day, there were a total of 50 rehearsals for the parade and mass parade, including 25 military parades and masses. The mass parade will also join the 2,100 adult choirs, 400 children's choirs from the Central Radio and Television Station Galaxy Junior Television Art Troupe and the 130 National Percussion Orchestra, claiming to be the world's largest "square concert".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Military_parade_2">Military parade</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Military parade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Inspection</dt></dl> <ol><li><i>Welcome March</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">欢迎进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/March_of_the_Volunteers" title="March of the Volunteers">March of the Volunteers</a></i> (National Anthem of the People's Republic of China)</li> <li><i>The Horn and Overture</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">致敬号角</span>)</li> <li><i> Military Parade</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">阅兵式号角</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_People%27s_Army_is_Loyal_to_the_Party" title="The People's Army is Loyal to the Party">The People's Army is Loyal to the Party</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Military_Anthem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Military Anthem of the People's Liberation Army">Military Anthem of the People's Liberation Army</a></i></li> <li><i>Troops Review March of the PLA (Inspection March of the PLA)</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">检阅进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Rules_of_Discipline_and_Eight_Points_for_Attention" title="Three Rules of Discipline and Eight Points for Attention">Three Rules of Discipline and Eight Points for Attention</a></i></li> <li><i>The New Army Goes Forward</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">新型陆军向前进</span>)</li> <li><i>People's Navy, Forward</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">人民海军向前进</span>)</li> <li><i>March of the PLA Air Force</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">中国空军进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>March of the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">火箭军进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>Song of the Loyal Guards</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">忠诚卫士之歌</span>)</li> <li><i>Battle Hymn of the Strong Army</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">强军战歌</span>)</li> <li><i>Please Review</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">请你检阅</span>)</li></ol> <dl><dt>Marching</dt></dl> <ol><li><i>Divisional Horn</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">分列式号角</span>)</li> <li><i>Parade March of the People's Liberation Army</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">分列式进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>Steel Torrent March</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">钢铁洪流进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>Blue Journey March</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">蓝色征程进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>Eagle Strike March</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">雄鹰出击进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>Thousand-Mile Decisive Victory March</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">决胜千里进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>Sweeping East Wind March</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">东风浩荡进行曲</span>)</li> <li><i>Rushing into the Clouds</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">冲上云霄</span>)</li> <li><i>Glorious Moments</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">辉煌时刻</span>)</li> <li><i>Victory is Upon Us</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">胜利在召唤</span>)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Civilian_parade_2">Civilian parade</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Civilian parade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><i>Ode to the Red Flag</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">红旗颂</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ode_to_the_Motherland" title="Ode to the Motherland">Ode to the Motherland</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Without_the_Communist_Party,_There_Would_Be_No_New_China" title="Without the Communist Party, There Would Be No New China">Without the Communist Party, There Would Be No New China</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_East_Is_Red_(song)" title="The East Is Red (song)">The East is Red</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Socialism_is_Good" title="Socialism is Good">Socialism is Good</a></i></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_Day_evening_gala">National Day evening gala</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: National Day evening gala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 90-minute grand evening gala was slated to be held at the Tiananmen Square at 8:00 p.m. 60,000 people attended the evening gala, including a total of at least 6,940 performers at the grounds of the square. CMC Chairman and General Secretary Xi Jinping was the guest of honour of the gala night, together with other party and national leaders present.<sup id="cite_ref-gala_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gala-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Denunciation_in_Taiwan">Denunciation in Taiwan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Denunciation in Taiwan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, the governing <a href="/wiki/Pan-Green_coalition" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan-Green coalition">pro-independence</a> party <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">Democratic Progressive Party</a> (DPP) denounced the PRC and CCP as threats to peace and trying to find excuses for its military expansion and rejects the "<a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a>" model.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DPP leader and ROC president <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> told reporters that "We are a country of democracy and freedom and will show support for anyone in the world who pursues democracy and freedom. Likewise, any ruler should carefully listen to the people's pursuit of freedom and democracy and respect the people's will." </p><p>Some members of the <a href="/wiki/Pan-Blue_coalition" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan-Blue coalition">pro-unification</a> opposition party Kuomintang (KMT) called on the DPP to accept the <a href="/wiki/1992_Consensus" title="1992 Consensus">1992 Consensus</a> while rejecting the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="National Day of the People's Republic of China">National Day of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Week_(China)" title="Golden Week (China)">Golden Week (China)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="10th anniversary of the People's Republic of China">10th anniversary of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China">60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_October_Revolution_Parade" title="1987 October Revolution Parade">1987 October Revolution Parade</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-upper-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Since the founding of the people's republic to 2009, the country has held 14 National Day grand military parades in 1949–1959, 1984, 1999, and 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-paradehistory_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paradehistory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-paradehistory-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-paradehistory_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-paradehistory_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/test/2009-08/21/content_1398265.htm"><bdi lang="zh">新中国历次大阅兵</bdi></a> [New China's previous grand military parades]. <i>Chinese government web</i>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 21 August 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091227205241/http://www.gov.cn/test/2009-08/21/content_1398265.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chinese+government+web&rft.atitle=%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E6%AC%A1%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%85%E5%85%B5&rft.date=2009-08-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.cn%2Ftest%2F2009-08%2F21%2Fcontent_1398265.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A70th+anniversary+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3030206/china-says-national-day-military-parade-wont-disappoint-scale">"China says National Day parade 'won't disappoint' in scale or weapons"</a>. <i>South China Morning Post</i>. 24 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190928232135/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3030206/china-says-national-day-military-parade-wont-disappoint-scale">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=China+says+National+Day+parade+%27won%27t+disappoint%27+in+scale+or+weapons&rft.date=2019-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fmilitary%2Farticle%2F3030206%2Fchina-says-national-day-military-parade-wont-disappoint-scale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A70th+anniversary+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-intro-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-intro_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.china.org.cn/china/2019-08/30/content_75155199.htm">"China to grandly celebrate 70th National Day"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/China.org.cn" class="mw-redirect" title="China.org.cn">China.org.cn</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 30 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190831113808/http://www.china.org.cn/china/2019-08/30/content_75155199.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=China.org.cn&rft.atitle=China+to+grandly+celebrate+70th+National+Day&rft.date=2019-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.china.org.cn%2Fchina%2F2019-08%2F30%2Fcontent_75155199.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A70th+anniversary+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReganGriffiths2019" class="citation web cs1">Regan, Helen; Griffiths, James (October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/01/asia/hong-kong-oct-1-protests-escalation-intl-hnk/index.html">"Man shot with live round in major escalation of Hong Kong protests"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191002204635/https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/01/asia/hong-kong-oct-1-protests-escalation-intl-hnk/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong+protesters+hit+the+streets+as+China+marks+70+years+of+Communist+rule&rft.date=2019-10-01&rft.aulast=Yeung&rft.aufirst=Jessie&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+James&rft.au=George%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2Fasia%2Flive-news%2Fchina-hong-kong-oct-1-live-intl-hnk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A70th+anniversary+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mobilization-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mobilization_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.qq.com/a/20190916/007299.htm"><bdi lang="zh">总台召开国庆70周年宣传报道动员大会</bdi></a> [Central television convenes a mobilization meeting for the 70th anniversary of the National Day]. <i><a href="/wiki/Tencent" title="Tencent">Tencent</a></i> (in Chinese (China)). <a href="/wiki/CCTV.com" class="mw-redirect" title="CCTV.com">CCTV.com</a>. 16 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190918043048/https://news.qq.com/a/20190916/007299.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Xinhua News Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821130621/http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2019-08/21/c_1124902730.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+This+Year%27s+National+Day+Means+So+Much+to+China&rft.pub=Bloomberg&rft.date=2019-09-26&rft.aulast=Leigh&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2019-09-26%2Fwhy-this-year-s-national-day-means-so-much-to-china-quicktake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A70th+anniversary+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2019/10/01/taiwan-condemns-china039s-039dictatorship039-on-70th-anniversary-of-communist-rule">"Taiwan condemns China's 'dictatorship' on 70th anniversary of communist rule"</a>. <i>The Star Online</i>. 1 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191006200142/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2019/10/01/taiwan-condemns-china039s-039dictatorship039-on-70th-anniversary-of-communist-rule">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Star+Online&rft.atitle=Taiwan+condemns+China%27s+%27dictatorship%27+on+70th+anniversary+of+communist+rule&rft.date=2019-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com.my%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2019%2F10%2F01%2Ftaiwan-condemns-china039s-039dictatorship039-on-70th-anniversary-of-communist-rule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A70th+anniversary+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3031128/taiwan-stands-firm-against-one-country-two-systems-xi-jinping">"Taiwan stands firm against 'one country, two systems'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>South China Morning Post</i>. 1 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191003234601/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3031128/taiwan-stands-firm-against-one-country-two-systems-xi-jinping">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Taiwan+stands+firm+against+%27one+country%2C+two+systems%27&rft.date=2019-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F3031128%2Ftaiwan-stands-firm-against-one-country-two-systems-xi-jinping&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A70th+anniversary+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=70th_anniversary_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span 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.navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Xi_Jinping" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Xi_Jinping" title="Template:Xi Jinping"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Xi_Jinping" title="Template talk:Xi Jinping"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Xi_Jinping" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Xi Jinping"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Xi_Jinping" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_China" title="President of China">President of China</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman of the Central Military Commission</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies<br />and theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_under_Xi_Jinping" title="China under Xi Jinping">China under Xi Jinping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_leader" title="Paramount leader">paramount leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_core" title="Leadership core">leadership core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Qiang Government">Li Qiang Government</a> (2023–present)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping%E2%80%93Li_Keqiang_Administration" title="Xi Jinping–Li Keqiang Administration">Xi Jinping–Li Keqiang Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Keqiang Government">Li Keqiang Government</a> (2013–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang" title="Li Keqiang">Li Keqiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought" title="Xi Jinping Thought">Xi Jinping Thought</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought_on_Culture" title="Xi Jinping Thought on Culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought_on_Diplomacy" title="Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy">Diplomacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_waters_and_green_mountains" title="Clear waters and green mountains">Clear waters and green mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Dream" title="Chinese Dream">Chinese Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese-style_modernization" title="Chinese-style modernization">Chinese-style modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_prosperity" title="Common prosperity">Common prosperity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Document_Number_Nine" title="Document Number Nine">Document Number Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_circulation" title="Dual circulation">Dual circulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight_Musts" title="Eight Musts">Eight Musts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-point_Regulation" title="Eight-point Regulation">Eight-point Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Comprehensives" title="Four Comprehensives">Four Comprehensives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Confidences" title="Four Confidences">Four Confidences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_changes_unseen_in_a_century" title="Great changes unseen in a century">Great changes unseen in a century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_productive_forces" title="New productive forces">New productive forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_media_takes_the_party%27s_last_name" title="Party media takes the party's last name">Party media takes the party's last name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holistic_security_concept" class="mw-redirect" title="Holistic security concept">Holistic security concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Stricts_and_Three_Honests" title="Three Stricts and Three Honests">Three Stricts and Three Honests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resolution_on_the_Major_Achievements_and_Historical_Experience_of_the_Party_over_the_Past_Century" title="Resolution on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century">Historical resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Centenaries" title="Two Centenaries">Two Centenaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Establishes_and_Two_Upholds" title="Two Establishes and Two Upholds">Two Establishes and Two Upholds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole-process_people%27s_democracy" title="Whole-process people's democracy">Whole-process people's democracy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="984" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First term</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">2012 election as Party general secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-corruption_campaign_under_Xi_Jinping" title="Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping">Anti-corruption campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Qishan" title="Wang Qishan">Wang Qishan</a> (2012–2017)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Internet_Conference" title="World Internet Conference">World Internet Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/709_crackdown" title="709 crackdown">709 crackdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toilet_Revolution_in_China" title="Toilet Revolution in China">Toilet Revolution in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_China_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2015 China Victory Day Parade">2015 China Victory Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%E2%80%93Xi_meeting" title="Ma–Xi meeting">Ma–Xi meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Xi%E2%80%93Chu_meeting" title="2015 Xi–Chu meeting">Xi–Chu Summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second term</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/19th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">2017 reelection as Party general secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China" title="Persecution of Uyghurs in China">Persecution of Uyghurs in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_internment_camps" title="Xinjiang internment camps">Xinjiang internment camps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_trade_war" title="China–United States trade war">China–United States trade war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Hong_Kong_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2019–20 Hong Kong protests">2019–20 Hong Kong protests</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2019 China 70th National Day grand parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China" title="COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China">COVID-19 pandemic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_government_response_to_COVID-19" title="Chinese government response to COVID-19">Response</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Anniversary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="100th Anniversary of the Chinese Communist Party">100th Anniversary of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Inner_Mongolia_protests" title="2020 Inner Mongolia protests">2020 Inner Mongolia protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020-2021_Xi_Jinping_Administration_reform_spree" class="mw-redirect" title="2020-2021 Xi Jinping Administration reform spree">2020-2021 Xi Jinping Administration reform spree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Olympics" title="2022 Winter Olympics">2022 Winter Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Xi_Jinping_visit_to_Hong_Kong" title="2022 Xi Jinping visit to Hong Kong">2022 Hong Kong visit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third term</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">2022 2nd reelection as Party general secretary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Xi_Jinping" title="Foreign policy of Xi Jinping">Diplomacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Policies" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative" title="Belt and Road Initiative">Belt and Road Initiative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Forum_for_International_Cooperation" title="Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation">2017 BRI Forum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Common_Destiny" title="Community of Common Destiny">Community of Common Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Development_Initiative" title="Global Development Initiative">Global Development Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Security_Initiative" title="Global Security Initiative">Global Security Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_warrior_diplomacy" title="Wolf warrior diplomacy">Wolf warrior diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="China and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">China and the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_Xi_Jinping" title="List of international trips made by Xi Jinping">Meetings<br /> and trips</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Russia,_Tanzania,_South_Africa_and_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="State visit by Xi Jinping to Russia, Tanzania, South Africa and Congo">2013 Russia, Tanzania, South Africa, Congo visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Pakistan" title="State visit by Xi Jinping to Pakistan">2015 Pakistan visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_the_United_States" title="State visit by Xi Jinping to the United States">2015 United States visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="State visit by Xi Jinping to the United Kingdom">2015 United Kingdom visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_state_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Vietnam_and_Laos" title="2017 state visit by Xi Jinping to Vietnam and Laos">2017 Vietnam and Laos visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim%E2%80%93Xi_meetings" title="Kim–Xi meetings">Kim–Xi meetings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_visits_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Italy_and_France" title="State visits by Xi Jinping to Italy and France">2019 Italy and France visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CPC_and_World_Political_Parties_Summit" title="CPC and World Political Parties Summit">CPC and World Political Parties Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_state_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Kazakhstan_and_Uzbekistan" title="2022 state visit by Xi Jinping to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan">2022 Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_China-Arab_States_Summit" title="2022 China-Arab States Summit">2022 China-Arab States Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Russia" title="2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia">2023 Russia visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China-Central_Asia_Summit" title="China-Central Asia Summit">China-Central Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_state_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Vietnam" title="2023 state visit by Xi Jinping to Vietnam">2023 Vietnam visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_France,_Serbia_and_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 visit by Xi Jinping to France, Serbia and Hungary">2024 France, Serbia, Hungary visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_state_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Kazakhstan_and_Tajikistan" title="2024 state visit by Xi Jinping to Kazakhstan and Tajikistan">2024 Kazakhstan and Tajikistan visit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_state_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Peru_and_Brazil" title="2024 state visit by Xi Jinping to Peru and Brazil">2024 Peru and Brazil visit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Zhijiang_Army" title="New Zhijiang Army">New Zhijiang Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Min%27er" title="Chen Min'er">Chen Min'er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Kunming" title="Huang Kunming">Huang Kunming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Yangsheng" title="Lou Yangsheng">Lou Yangsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayanqolu" title="Bayanqolu">Bayanqolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ying_Yong" title="Ying Yong">Ying Yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuexiang" title="Ding Xuexiang">Ding Xuexiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhong_Shaojun" title="Zhong Shaojun">Zhong Shaojun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_Xi_Jinping_important_speech_series" title="General Secretary Xi Jinping important speech series">General Secretary Xi Jinping important speech series</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Governance_of_China" title="The Governance of China">The Governance of China</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hopes_of_President_Xi" title="The Hopes of President Xi">The Hopes of President Xi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zhijiang_Xinyu" title="Zhijiang Xinyu">Zhijiang Xinyu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Zhongxun" title="Xi Zhongxun">Xi Zhongxun</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Xin" title="Qi Xin">Qi Xin</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ke_Lingling" title="Ke Lingling">Ke Lingling</a> (1st wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Liyuan" title="Peng Liyuan">Peng Liyuan</a> (2nd wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Qiaoqiao" title="Qi Qiaoqiao">Qi Qiaoqiao</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Yuanping" title="Xi Yuanping">Xi Yuanping</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Mingze" title="Xi Mingze">Xi Mingze</a> (daughter)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazing_China" title="Amazing China">Amazing China</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accelerator-in-Chief" title="Accelerator-in-Chief">Accelerator-in-Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_Winnie-the-Pooh_in_China" title="Censorship of Winnie-the-Pooh in China">Censorship of Winnie-the-Pooh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping%27s_cult_of_personality" title="Xi Jinping's cult of personality">Cult of personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers" title="Panama Papers">Panama Papers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Deng_Jiagui" title="Deng Jiagui">Deng Jiagui</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Letter_asking_Xi_Jinping_to_Resign" title="Open Letter asking Xi Jinping to Resign">Open Letter asking Xi Jinping to Resign</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhyzodiastes_xii" title="Rhyzodiastes xii">Rhyzodiastes xii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_Xi_Jinping%27s_Kindness_We_Never_Forget" title="General Secretary Xi Jinping's Kindness We Never Forget">General Secretary Xi Jinping's Kindness We Never Forget</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xuexi_Qiangguo" title="Xuexi Qiangguo">Xuexi Qiangguo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Xi_Jinping" title="Category:Xi Jinping">Category:Xi Jinping</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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