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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>1 Kings 22:11 Now Zedekiah son of Chenaanah had made for himself iron horns and declared, "This is what the LORD says: 'With these you shall gore the Arameans until they are finished off.'"</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/1_kings/22-11.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/7/11_1Ki_22_11.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="1 Kings 22:11 - Ahab and the False Prophets" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Now Zedekiah son of Chenaanah had made for himself iron horns and declared, This is what the LORD says: 'With these you shall gore the Arameans until they are finished off.'" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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and he said, “Thus says the LORD: ‘With these you shall gore the Syrians until they are destroyed.’ ” <a href="/nasb_/1_kings/22.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made horns of iron for himself and said, “This is what the LORD says: ‘With these you will gore the Arameans until they are destroyed!’” <a href="/nasb/1_kings/22.htm">NASB 1995</a> Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made horns of iron for himself and said, &#8220Thus says the LORD, &#8216With these you will gore the Arameans until they are consumed.&#8217&#8221 <a href="/nasb77/1_kings/22.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made horns of iron for himself and said, “Thus says the LORD, ‘With these you shall gore the Arameans until they are consumed.’” <a href="/lsb/1_kings/22.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made horns of iron for himself and said, “Thus says Yahweh, ‘With these you will gore the Arameans until they are consumed.’” <a href="/amp/1_kings/22.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made for himself horns of iron and said, “Thus says the LORD: ‘With these you will gore the Arameans (Syrians) until they are destroyed.’” <a href="/csb/1_kings/22.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Then Zedekiah son of Chenaanah made iron horns and said, “This is what the LORD says: ‘You will gore the Arameans with these until they are finished off.’ ” <a href="/hcsb/1_kings/22.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Then Zedekiah son of Chenaanah made iron horns and said, &#8220This is what the LORD says: &#8216You will gore the Arameans with these until they are finished off.&#8217&#8221 <a href="/asv/1_kings/22.htm">American Standard Version</a> And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron, and said, Thus saith Jehovah, With these shalt thou push the Syrians, until they be consumed. <a href="/cev/1_kings/22.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Zedekiah son of Chenaanah was one of the prophets. He had made some horns out of iron and shouted, "Ahab, the LORD says you will attack the Syrians like a bull with iron horns and wipe them out!" <a href="/erv/1_kings/22.htm">English Revised Version</a> And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron, and said, Thus saith the LORD, With these shalt thou push the Syrians, until they be consumed. <a href="/gwt/1_kings/22.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Zedekiah, son of Chenaanah, made iron horns and said, "This is what the LORD says: With these horns you will push the Arameans to their destruction." <a href="/gnt/1_kings/22.htm">Good News Translation</a> One of them, Zedekiah son of Chenaanah, made iron horns and said to Ahab, "This is what the LORD says: 'With these you will fight the Syrians and totally defeat them.'" <a href="/isv/1_kings/22.htm">International Standard Version</a> Chenaanah's son Zedekiah made iron horns for himself and told them, "This is what the LORD says, 'With these horns you are to gore the Arameans until they are eliminated!'" <a href="/msb/1_kings/22.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Now Zedekiah son of Chenaanah had made for himself iron horns and declared, ?This is what the LORD says: ?With these you shall gore the Arameans until they are finished off.?? <a href="/net/1_kings/22.htm">NET Bible</a> Zedekiah son of Kenaanah made iron horns and said, "This is what the LORD says, 'With these you will gore Syria until they are destroyed.'" <a href="/nheb/1_kings/22.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Zedekiah the son of Kenaanah made him horns of iron, and said, "Thus says the LORD, 'With these you shall push the Arameans, until they are consumed.'" <a href="/wbt/1_kings/22.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron: and he said, Thus saith the LORD, With these shalt thou push the Syrians, until thou hast consumed them. <a href="/web/1_kings/22.htm">World English Bible</a> Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made himself horns of iron, and said, “Yahweh says, ‘With these you will push the Syrians, until they are consumed.’” <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/1_kings/22.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And Zedekiah son of Chenaanah makes horns of iron for himself and says, “Thus said YHWH: By these you push the Arameans until they are consumed”; <a href="/ylt/1_kings/22.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And Zedekiah son of Chenaanah maketh for himself horns of iron, and saith, 'Thus said Jehovah, By these thou dost push the Aramaeans till they are consumed;' <a href="/slt/1_kings/22.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And Zedekiah, son of Chenaanah, will make to him horns of iron: and he will say, Thus said Jehovah, With these shalt thou push Aram till thou finished them.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/1_kings/22.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And Sedecias the son of Chanaana made himself horns of iron, and said: Thus saith the Lord: With these shalt thou push Syria, till thou destroy it. <a href="/cpdv/1_kings/22.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Also, Zedekiah, the son of Chenaanah, made for himself horns of iron, and he said, “Thus says the Lord: With these, you shall threaten Syria, until you destroy it.” <a href="/nabre/1_kings/22.htm">New American Bible</a> Zedekiah, son of Chenaanah, made himself two horns of iron and said, “The LORD says, With these you shall gore Aram until you have destroyed them.” <a href="/nrsvce/1_kings/22.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Zedekiah son of Chenaanah made for himself horns of iron, and he said, “Thus says the LORD: With these you shall gore the Arameans until they are destroyed.”<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/1_kings/22.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And Zedekiah the son of a Canaanitish woman made for himself horns of iron; and he said, Thus says the LORD: With these you shall pierce the Arameans, until you have destroyed them. <a href="/hpbt/1_kings/22.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And Tsedeqia, son of a Canaanitess, made for himself horns of iron, and said: “Thus says LORD JEHOVAH: with these you shall gore the Edomites until you finish them!”<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/1_kings/22.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron, and said: 'Thus saith the LORD: With these shalt thou gore the Arameans, until they be consumed.' <a href="/sep/1_kings/22.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And Sedekias son of Chanaan made for himself iron horns, and said, Thus saith the Lord, With these thou shalt push Syria, until it be consumed. <a href="/parallel/1_kings/22-11.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xx9A0AxPaoQ?start=8792" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/1_kings/22.htm">Ahab and the False Prophets</a> …10Dressed in royal attire, the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah were sitting on their thrones at the threshing floor by the entrance of the gate of Samaria, with all the prophets prophesying before them. 11<a href="/hebrew/6667.htm" title="6667: ṣiḏ·qî·yāh (N-proper-ms) -- Yah is righteousness, six Isr. Or Tsidqiyahuw; from tsedeq and Yahh; right of Jah; Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites.">Now Zedekiah</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ḇen- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/3668.htm" title="3668: kə·na·‘ă·nāh (N-proper-ms) -- Two Isr. Feminine of Kna'an; Kenaanah, the name of two Israelites.">of Chenaanah</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: way·ya·‘aś (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.">had made</a> <a href="/hebrew/lōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- ">for himself</a> <a href="/hebrew/1270.htm" title="1270: ḇar·zel (N-ms) -- Iron. Perhaps from the root of Birzowth; iron; by extension, an iron implement.">iron</a> <a href="/hebrew/7161.htm" title="7161: qar·nê (N-fdc) -- From qaran; a horn; by implication, a flask, cornet; by resembl. An elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray; figuratively, power.">horns</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mer (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">and declared,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3541.htm" title="3541: kōh- (Adv) -- Thus, here. From the prefix k and huw'; properly, like this, i.e. By implication, thus; also here; or now.">“This is what</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: ’ā·mar (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">says:</a> <a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: bə·’êl·leh (Prep-b:: Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those.">‘With these</a> <a href="/hebrew/5055.htm" title="5055: tə·nag·gaḥ (V-Piel-Imperf-2ms) -- To push, thrust, gore. A primitive root; to but with the horns; figuratively, to war against.">you shall gore</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/758.htm" title="758: ’ă·rām (N-proper-fs) -- Syria and its inhab., also the names of a son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and an Isr. ">the Arameans</a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: ‘aḏ- (Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree.">until</a> <a href="/hebrew/3615.htm" title="3615: kal·lō·ṯām (V-Piel-Inf:: 3mp) -- To be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, or spent. A primitive root; to end, whether intransitive or transitived.">they are finished off.’”</a> 12And all the prophets were prophesying the same, saying, “Go up to Ramoth-gilead and prosper, for the LORD will deliver it into the hand of the king.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/2_chronicles/18-10.htm">2 Chronicles 18:10</a> Now Zedekiah son of Chenaanah had made for himself iron horns and declared, “This is what the LORD says: ‘With these you shall gore the Arameans until they are finished off.’” <a href="/jeremiah/28-10.htm">Jeremiah 28:10-11</a> Then the prophet Hananiah took the yoke off the neck of Jeremiah the prophet and broke it. / And in the presence of all the people Hananiah proclaimed, “This is what the LORD says: ‘In this way, within two years I will break the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon off the neck of all the nations.’” At this, Jeremiah the prophet went on his way. <a href="/ezekiel/13-6.htm">Ezekiel 13:6-7</a> They see false visions and speak lying divinations. They claim, ‘Thus declares the LORD,’ when the LORD did not send them; yet they wait for the fulfillment of their message. / Haven’t you seen a false vision and spoken a lying divination when you proclaim, ‘Thus declares the LORD,’ even though I have not spoken? <a href="/micah/3-5.htm">Micah 3:5</a> This is what the LORD says: “As for the prophets who lead My people astray, who proclaim peace while they chew with their teeth, but declare war against one who puts nothing in their mouths: <a href="/jeremiah/23-16.htm">Jeremiah 23:16-17</a> This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Do not listen to the words of the prophets who prophesy to you. They are filling you with false hopes. They speak visions from their own minds, not from the mouth of the LORD. / They keep saying to those who despise Me, ‘The LORD says that you will have peace,’ and to everyone who walks in the stubbornness of his own heart, ‘No harm will come to you.’ <a href="/ezekiel/22-28.htm">Ezekiel 22:28</a> Her prophets whitewash these deeds by false visions and lying divinations, saying, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says,’ when the LORD has not spoken. <a href="/deuteronomy/18-20.htm">Deuteronomy 18:20-22</a> But if any prophet dares to speak a message in My name that I have not commanded him to speak, or to speak in the name of other gods, that prophet must be put to death.” / You may ask in your heart, “How can we recognize a message that the LORD has not spoken?” / When a prophet speaks in the name of the LORD and the message does not come to pass or come true, that is a message the LORD has not spoken. The prophet has spoken presumptuously. Do not be afraid of him. <a href="/isaiah/30-10.htm">Isaiah 30:10</a> They say to the seers, “Stop seeing visions!” and to the prophets, “Do not prophesy to us the truth! Speak to us pleasant words; prophesy illusions. <a href="/jeremiah/14-14.htm">Jeremiah 14:14</a> “The prophets are prophesying lies in My name,” replied the LORD. “I did not send them or appoint them or speak to them. They are prophesying to you a false vision, a worthless divination, the futility and delusion of their own minds. <a href="/matthew/7-15.htm">Matthew 7:15</a> Beware of false prophets. They come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly they are ravenous wolves. <a href="/2_peter/2-1.htm">2 Peter 2:1</a> Now there were also false prophets among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you. They will secretly introduce destructive heresies, even denying the Master who bought them—bringing swift destruction on themselves. <a href="/1_john/4-1.htm">1 John 4:1</a> Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God. For many false prophets have gone out into the world. <a href="/matthew/24-24.htm">Matthew 24:24</a> For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform great signs and wonders to deceive even the elect, if that were possible. <a href="/2_timothy/4-3.htm">2 Timothy 4:3-4</a> For the time will come when men will not tolerate sound doctrine, but with itching ears they will gather around themselves teachers to suit their own desires. / So they will turn their ears away from the truth and turn aside to myths. <a href="/acts/20-29.htm">Acts 20:29-30</a> I know that after my departure, savage wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock. / Even from your own number, men will rise up and distort the truth to draw away disciples after them.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron: and he said, Thus said the LORD, With these shall you push the Syrians, until you have consumed them.horns of iron<a href="/jeremiah/27-2.htm">Jeremiah 27:2</a> Thus saith the LORD to me; Make thee bonds and yokes, and put them upon thy neck,<a href="/jeremiah/28-10.htm">Jeremiah 28:10-14</a> Then Hananiah the prophet took the yoke from off the prophet Jeremiah's neck, and brake it… <a href="/zechariah/1-18.htm">Zechariah 1:18-21</a> Then lifted I up mine eyes, and saw, and behold four horns… Thus saith<a href="/jeremiah/23-17.htm">Jeremiah 23:17,25,31</a> They say still unto them that despise me, The LORD hath said, Ye shall have peace; and they say unto every one that walketh after the imagination of his own heart, No evil shall come upon you… <a href="/jeremiah/28-2.htm">Jeremiah 28:2,3</a> Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying, I have broken the yoke of the king of Babylon… <a href="/jeremiah/29-21.htm">Jeremiah 29:21</a> Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, of Ahab the son of Kolaiah, and of Zedekiah the son of Maaseiah, which prophesy a lie unto you in my name; Behold, I will deliver them into the hand of Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon; and he shall slay them before your eyes;<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_kings/20-27.htm">Aramaeans</a> <a href="/1_kings/20-29.htm">Arameans</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/18-23.htm">Chenaanah</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/18-23.htm">Chena'anah</a> <a href="/1_kings/21-21.htm">Completely</a> <a href="/1_kings/18-38.htm">Consumed</a> <a href="/1_kings/13-32.htm">Declared</a> <a href="/1_kings/21-21.htm">End</a> <a href="/1_samuel/15-18.htm">Exterminated</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/33-17.htm">Gore</a> <a href="/1_kings/2-28.htm">Horns</a> <a href="/1_kings/8-51.htm">Iron</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/18-23.htm">Kenaanah</a> <a href="/1_kings/18-32.htm">Maketh</a> <a href="/1_samuel/27-8.htm">Push</a> <a href="/titus/1-7.htm">Pushing</a> <a href="/1_kings/20-29.htm">Syrians</a> <a href="/acts/24-21.htm">With</a> <a href="/jeremiah/52-11.htm">Zedekiah</a> <a href="/jeremiah/52-11.htm">Zedeki'ah</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/1_kings/22-35.htm">Aramaeans</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-35.htm">Arameans</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-24.htm">Chenaanah</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-24.htm">Chena'anah</a> <a href="/2_kings/13-19.htm">Completely</a> <a href="/2_kings/1-10.htm">Consumed</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-28.htm">Declared</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-46.htm">End</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-46.htm">Exterminated</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/18-10.htm">Gore</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/13-8.htm">Horns</a> <a href="/2_kings/6-5.htm">Iron</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-24.htm">Kenaanah</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-44.htm">Maketh</a> <a href="/2_kings/4-27.htm">Push</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/18-10.htm">Pushing</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-35.htm">Syrians</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/18-10.htm">With</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-24.htm">Zedekiah</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-24.htm">Zedeki'ah</a><div class="vheading2">1 Kings 22</div>1. <a href="/1_kings/22-1.htm">Ahab, seduced by false prophets, by Michaiah's word, is slain at Ramoth Gilead</a> 37. <a href="/1_kings/22-37.htm">The dogs lick up his blood, and Ahaziah succeeds him</a> 41. <a href="/1_kings/22-41.htm">Jehoshaphat's good reign</a> 45. <a href="/1_kings/22-45.htm">His acts</a> 46. <a href="/1_kings/22-46.htm">Jehoram succeeds him</a> 51. <a href="/1_kings/22-51.htm">Ahaziah's evil reign</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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His lineage, being the son of Chenaanah, is mentioned to distinguish him from other individuals with the same name. In the context of <a href="/1_kings/22.htm">1 Kings 22</a>, Zedekiah is one of the 400 prophets who falsely assure King Ahab of victory. This highlights the presence of false prophets in Israel, contrasting with the true prophet Micaiah. The name Zedekiah means "Yahweh is righteousness," which is ironic given his role in misleading Ahab.had made for himself iron horns The use of iron horns is symbolic, representing strength and power. In ancient Near Eastern culture, horns were often used as symbols of military might and victory. The act of making these horns suggests a deliberate attempt to visually and dramatically convey a message of assured victory. This act can be seen as a form of prophetic symbolism, similar to how true prophets like Jeremiah used symbolic actions to convey God's messages (e.g., <a href="/jeremiah/27-2.htm">Jeremiah 27:2</a>).and declared, “This is what the LORD says: Zedekiah claims to speak on behalf of the LORD, which is a serious assertion. In the biblical context, claiming divine authority without true revelation is a grave offense. This phrase underscores the danger of false prophecy, as it misleads the king and the people. The misuse of God's name for personal or political gain is condemned throughout Scripture (e.g., <a href="/deuteronomy/18-20.htm">Deuteronomy 18:20</a>).‘With these you shall gore the Arameans The imagery of goring suggests a violent and decisive victory over the Arameans, who were frequent adversaries of Israel. The Arameans, or Syrians, were a significant power in the region, often in conflict with Israel. This prophecy falsely assures Ahab of success in battle, reflecting the deceptive nature of Zedekiah's message. The use of animalistic imagery is common in prophetic literature, often symbolizing nations or leaders (e.g., <a href="/daniel/7-7.htm">Daniel 7:7</a>).until they are finished off.’” The phrase "finished off" implies total destruction, suggesting a complete and overwhelming victory. This assurance of total victory is misleading, as the true outcome of the battle is contrary to Zedekiah's prophecy. The false assurance given to Ahab contrasts with the true prophecy of Micaiah, who predicts disaster (<a href="/1_kings/22-17.htm">1 Kings 22:17</a>). This highlights the theme of divine sovereignty and the futility of opposing God's true word.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/z/zedekiah_son_of_chenaanah.htm">Zedekiah son of Chenaanah</a> A false prophet who made iron horns as a symbolic act to support his prophecy. He claimed to speak for the LORD, encouraging King Ahab to go to war against the Arameans. 2. <a href="/topical/i/iron_horns.htm">Iron Horns</a> Symbolic objects crafted by Zedekiah to visually represent his prophecy of victory over the Arameans. Horns in biblical symbolism often represent strength and power. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD</a> The God of Israel, whom Zedekiah falsely claimed to represent in his prophecy. 4. <a href="/topical/a/arameans.htm">Arameans</a> The people against whom King Ahab of Israel was planning to wage war. They were a frequent adversary of Israel during this period. 5. <a href="/topical/k/king_ahab.htm">King Ahab</a> The king of Israel who sought counsel from prophets regarding his military campaign against the Arameans.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/d/discernment_in_prophecy.htm">Discernment in Prophecy</a> Believers must exercise discernment when evaluating prophetic messages, ensuring they align with God's revealed Word and character. <a href="/topical/s/symbolism_and_its_power.htm">Symbolism and Its Power</a> Symbols can powerfully convey messages, but they must be grounded in truth. Christians should be cautious of symbolic acts that are not rooted in Scripture. <a href="/topical/t/the_danger_of_false_assurance.htm">The Danger of False Assurance</a> False prophets can provide a false sense of security. True assurance comes from God's promises, not human declarations. <a href="/topical/a/accountability_for_leaders.htm">Accountability for Leaders</a> Leaders, both spiritual and political, are accountable for the guidance they provide. They must seek God's truth earnestly and avoid misleading those they lead. <a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_true_prophets.htm">The Role of True Prophets</a> True prophets speak God's truth, even when it is unpopular or challenging. Believers should value and seek out voices that faithfully represent God's Word.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_kings_22.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Kings 22</a> <a href="/q/how_are_2_chr_18_and_1_kgs_22_inerrant.htm">Comparing 2 Chronicles 18 with 1 Kings 22, how can both accounts be inerrant if they present varying details about the same event?</a> <a href="/q/is_vaping_considered_sinful.htm">Who were Josiah's sons?</a> <a href="/q/how_is_deut._33_17's_metaphor_explained.htm">Deuteronomy 33:17 promises Joseph a strength likened to “horns of a wild ox”; how do we address this metaphor scientifically or literally? </a> <a href="/q/why_does_god_send_a_'lying_spirit'.htm">In 1 Kings 22:19-23, how can a just and holy God send a 'lying spirit' to deceive Ahab's prophets?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_kings/22.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(11) Zedekiah.--The name itself ("righteousness of Jehovah") must certainly imply professed devotion to the true God, whose Name here is first uttered by him. Symbolic action was not unfrequent in the prophets. (See Note on <a href="/1_kings/11-30.htm" title="And Ahijah caught the new garment that was on him, and rent it in twelve pieces:">1Kings 11:30</a>.) The use of the horns, as emblems of victorious strength, is also familiar, as in the utterance of Balaam (<a href="/numbers/23-22.htm" title="God brought them out of Egypt; he has as it were the strength of an unicorn.">Numbers 23:22</a>), in the blessing of Moses (<a href="/deuteronomy/33-17.htm" title="His glory is like the firstling of his bullock, and his horns are like the horns of unicorns: with them he shall push the people together to the ends of the earth: and they are the ten thousands of Ephraim, and they are the thousands of Manasseh.">Deuteronomy 33:17</a>), in the song of Hannah (<a href="/1_samuel/3-1.htm" title="And the child Samuel ministered to the LORD before Eli. And the word of the LORD was precious in those days; there was no open vision.">1Samuel 3:1</a>), in the visions of Daniel and Zechariah (<a href="/context/daniel/8-3.htm" title="Then I lifted up my eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last.">Daniel 8:3-10</a>; <a href="/context/zechariah/1-18.htm" title="Then lifted I up my eyes, and saw, and behold four horns.">Zechariah 1:18-19</a>). . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_kings/22.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 11. - And Zedekiah [This name = "Justice of Jehovah," is one of the proofs that these cannot have been prophets of Baal, as Stanley and others suppose] the son of Chenaanah [ = "Canaanitess." But we gather from <a href="/1_chronicles/7-10.htm">1 Chronicles 7:10</a> that this, like Shelomith, was a man's name. The Benjamite there mentioned may be identical with the father (or ancestor) of Zedekiah] made him [Rawlinson would translate, had made him," He says that the horns must have "been made previously, in expectation of some such occasion as that now afforded him." But it is quite conceivable that during the prophesyings, which clearly lasted some time, the idea occurred to Zedekiah, and it would not take long to put it into execution] horns of Iron [Thenius understands that these were iron spikes held on the forehead. But the reference is clearly to the horns of a bullock, and the appropriateness of the prophetic act is only manifest when we remember that Ephraim is compared to a bullock (<a href="/deuteronomy/33-17.htm">Deuteronomy 33:17</a>), and more, that Moses spake beforehand of the strength of his horns, and predicted that with them he should "push the people together to the ends of the earth." Not only, that is to say, was the horn a familiar Oriental symbol of power (<a href="/1_samuel/2-1.htm">1 Samuel 2:1, 10</a>; <a href="/2_samuel/22-3.htm">2 Samuel 22:3</a>; <a href="/psalms/89-24.htm">Psalm 89:24</a>; <a href="/psalms/92-10.htm">Psalm 92:10</a>; <a href="/daniel/7-21.htm">Daniel 7:21</a>; <a href="/daniel/8-8.htm">Daniel 8:8</a>, etc.), but it was identified in a peculiar manner with the powerful tribe of Ephraim; in ether words, with the kingdom of Israel This symbolical act was not necessarily an imitation of the action of Ahijah (<a href="/1_kings/11-30.htm">1 Kings 11:30</a>). Such acted parables were not uncommon among the prophets (<a href="/2_kings/13-15.htm">2 Kings 13:15</a>; <a href="/isaiah/20-2.htm">Isaiah 20:2</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/13-1.htm">Jeremiah 13:1</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/19-10.htm">Jeremiah 19:10</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/32-9.htm">Jeremiah 32:9</a> sqq.; <a href="/ezekiel/4-5.htm">Ezekiel 4:5</a>; <a href="/acts/21-11.htm">Acts 21:11</a>)]: and he said, Thus saith the Lord [Heb. Jehovah. He now uses the sacred name; no doubt because of Jehoshaphat's demand, ver. 7], With these shalt thou push [the word of <a href="/deuteronomy/33-17.htm">Deuteronomy 33:17</a>] the Syrians, until thou have consumed then. <a href="/commentaries/1_kings/22-11.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Now Zedekiah צִדְקִיָּ֥ה (ṣiḏ·qî·yāh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6667.htm">Strong's 6667: </a> Zedekiah -- 'Yah is righteousness', six Israelites son בֶֽן־ (ḇen-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> A son of Chenaanah כְּנַעֲנָ֖ה (kə·na·‘ă·nāh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3668.htm">Strong's 3668: </a> Chenaanah -- two Israelites had made וַיַּ֥עַשׂ (way·ya·‘aś) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6213.htm">Strong's 6213: </a> To do, make for himself ל֛וֹ (lōw) Preposition | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/.htm">Strong's Hebrew</a> iron בַרְזֶ֑ל (ḇar·zel) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1270.htm">Strong's 1270: </a> Iron, an iron implement horns קַרְנֵ֣י (qar·nê) Noun - fdc <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7161.htm">Strong's 7161: </a> A horn, a flask, cornet, an elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray, power and declared, וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ (way·yō·mer) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> To utter, say “This is what כֹּֽה־ (kōh-) Adverb <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3541.htm">Strong's 3541: </a> Like this, thus, here, now the LORD יְהוָ֔ה (Yah·weh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel says: אָמַ֣ר (’ā·mar) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> To utter, say ‘With these בְּאֵ֛לֶּה (bə·’êl·leh) Preposition-b | Pronoun - common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_428.htm">Strong's 428: </a> These, those you shall gore תְּנַגַּ֥ח (tə·nag·gaḥ) Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5055.htm">Strong's 5055: </a> To butt with the horns, to war against the Arameans אֲרָ֖ם (’ă·rām) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_758.htm">Strong's 758: </a> Aram -- Syria until עַד־ (‘aḏ-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5704.htm">Strong's 5704: </a> As far as, even to, up to, until, while they are finished off.’” כַּלֹּתָֽם׃ (kal·lō·ṯām) Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3615.htm">Strong's 3615: </a> To be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, or spent <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/1_kings/22-11.htm">1 Kings 22:11 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/1_kings/22-11.htm">OT History: 1 Kings 22:11 Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him (1Ki iKi i Ki 1 Kg 1kg) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_kings/22-10.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Kings 22:10"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Kings 22:10" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_kings/22-12.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Kings 22:12"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Kings 22:12" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>