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</header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button 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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fusion_d'un_système_binaire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Fusion d'un système binaire</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fusion_d'un_système_binaire-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Fusion d'un système binaire</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fusion_d'un_système_binaire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Système_immiscible_à_l'état_solide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Système_immiscible_à_l'état_solide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Système immiscible à l'état solide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Système_immiscible_à_l'état_solide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Système_à_solubilité_totale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Système_à_solubilité_totale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Système à solubilité totale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Système_à_solubilité_totale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Système_à_solubilité_limitée" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Système_à_solubilité_limitée"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Système à solubilité limitée</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Système_à_solubilité_limitée-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fusion (physique)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 74 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BD" title="पिघललऽ – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="पिघललऽ" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="انصهار – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انصهار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Frim%C9%99" title="Ərimə – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ərimə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagkatunaw" title="Pagkatunaw – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pagkatunaw" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Плаўленне – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Плаўленне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Топене – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Топене" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusi%C3%B3_(canvi_d%27estat)" title="Fusió (canvi d'estat) – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fusió (canvi d'estat)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B2ng_(%C5%ADk-l%C4%AB_hi%C3%AAng-chi%C3%B4ng)" title="Iòng (ŭk-lī hiêng-chiông) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Iòng (ŭk-lī hiêng-chiông)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95" title="توانەوە – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="توانەوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Tání – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tání" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%C4%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Шăранни – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шăранни" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smeltning" title="Smeltning – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Smeltning" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmelzen" title="Schmelzen – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schmelzen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%AE%CE%BE%CE%B7" title="Τήξη – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τήξη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting" title="Melting – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Melting" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusi%C3%B3n_(cambio_de_estado)" title="Fusión (cambio de estado) – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fusión (cambio de estado)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulamine" title="Sulamine – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sulamine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urtze" title="Urtze – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Urtze" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A8" title="ذوب – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ذوب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulaminen" title="Sulaminen – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sulaminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusi%C3%B3n_(f%C3%ADsica)" title="Fusión (física) – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fusión (física)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91embohykuepy_(%C3%B1emoambue)" title="Ñembohykuepy (ñemoambue) – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñembohykuepy (ñemoambue)" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%9B%D7%94" title="התכה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התכה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8" title="गलन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गलन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taljenje" title="Taljenje – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Taljenje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olvad%C3%A1s" title="Olvadás – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Olvadás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Հալում – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հալում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pencairan" title="Pencairan – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pencairan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusione_(fisica)" title="Fusione (fisica) – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fusione (fisica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9E%8D%E8%A7%A3" title="融解 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="融解" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%83" title="Балқу – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Балқу" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86" title="ಕರಗುವಿಕೆ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕರಗುವಿಕೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%B5%ED%95%B4" title="융해 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="융해" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefactio" title="Liquefactio – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Liquefactio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydymasis" title="Lydymasis – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lydymasis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku%C5%A1ana" title="Kušana – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kušana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Топење – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Топење" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="ദ്രവീകരണം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദ്രവീകരണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peleburan" title="Peleburan – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Peleburan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Солавтома – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Солавтома" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%B6lten" title="Smölten – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Smölten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smelten_(faseovergang)" title="Smelten (faseovergang) – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Smelten (faseovergang)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smelting" title="Smelting – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Smelting" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smelting" title="Smelting – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Smelting" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_(fisica)" title="Fusion (fisica) – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fusion (fisica)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baquu" title="Baquu – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Baquu" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topnienie" title="Topnienie – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Topnienie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion" title="Fusion – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Fusion" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fus%C3%A3o" title="Fusão – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fusão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topire" title="Topire – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Topire" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Плавление – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Плавление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topljenje" title="Topljenje – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Topljenje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting" title="Melting – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Melting" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topenie" title="Topenie – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Topenie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taljenje" title="Taljenje – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Taljenje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyauka" title="Nyauka – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nyauka" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkrirja" title="Shkrirja – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkrirja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%99%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Топљење – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Топљење" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%A4ltning" title="Smältning – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Smältning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiwango_cha_kuyeyuka" title="Kiwango cha kuyeyuka – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiwango cha kuyeyuka" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="உருகுதல் – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உருகுதல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Гудозиш – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гудозиш" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7" title="การหลอมเหลว – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การหลอมเหลว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erime" title="Erime – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Erime" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Плавлення – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Плавлення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%AF%DA%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A4_(%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="پگھلاؤ (کیمیاء) – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پگھلاؤ (کیمیاء)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erish" title="Erish – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Erish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B3ng_ch%E1%BA%A3y" title="Nóng chảy – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nóng chảy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fondaedje_(fizike)" title="Fondaedje (fizike) – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Fondaedje (fizike)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagtunaw" title="Pagtunaw – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pagtunaw" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8A%E5%BF%92" title="烊忒 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="烊忒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%94%E5%8C%96" title="熔化 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="熔化" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B4ng-ho%C3%A0" title="Iông-hoà – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Iông-hoà" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%94" title="熔 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="熔" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q106080#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Fusion" class="mw-disambig" title="Fusion">Fusion</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Melting_icecubes.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Melting_icecubes.gif/220px-Melting_icecubes.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="354" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Melting_icecubes.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Glaçons fondant à température ambiante (animation accélérée).</figcaption></figure> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Physique" title="Physique">physique</a> et en <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tallurgie" title="Métallurgie">métallurgie</a>, la <b>fusion</b> est le passage d'un corps de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_solide" title="État solide">état solide</a> vers l'état <a href="/wiki/Liquide" title="Liquide">liquide</a>. </p><p>Pour un <a href="/wiki/Corps_pur" title="Corps pur">corps pur</a>, c’est-à-dire pour une substance constituée d'<a href="/wiki/Atome" title="Atome">atomes</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cule" title="Molécule">molécules</a> tous identiques, la fusion s'effectue à température constante dite <a href="/wiki/Point_de_fusion" title="Point de fusion">point de fusion</a>. La température de fusion ou de solidification d'un corps pur, appelée « point de fusion », est une constante qui dépend très peu de la pression (contrairement à la température d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89bullition" title="Ébullition">ébullition</a>, voir <a href="/wiki/Diagramme_de_phase" title="Diagramme de phase">diagramme de phase</a>). </p><p>Si la température de fusion d'un corps pur est une constante physique, sa température de solidification peut, pour sa part, varier. L'eau par exemple peut geler à des températures de l'ordre de -39 °C dans l'atmosphère (<a href="/wiki/Surfusion" title="Surfusion">surfusion de l'eau</a>). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Corps pur </th> <th>Température de fusion / solidification (°C) </th> <th>Température d'ébullition / liquéfaction (°C) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Eau </td> <td><span title="32 °F ou 273,2 K">0 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td> <td><span title="212 °F ou 373,2 K">100 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <td>Cyclohexane </td> <td><span title="42,8 °F ou 279,2 K">6 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td> <td><span title="177,8 °F ou 354,2 K">81 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mercure </td> <td><span title="−38,2 °F ou 234,2 K">−39 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td> <td><span title="674,6 °F ou 630,2 K">357 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <td>Fer </td> <td><span title="2 795 °F ou 1 808,2 K">1 535 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td> <td><span title="4 982 °F ou 3 023,2 K">2 750 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Par contre, la température de fusion d'un mélange de corps purs (voir <i><a href="/wiki/Diagramme_de_phase#Diagramme_binaire_et_ternaire" title="Diagramme de phase">Diagramme de phase > Diagramme binaire et ternaire</a></i> ) s'effectue sur une plage de température (sauf pour un <a href="/wiki/Eutectique" title="Eutectique">eutectique</a>), et dépend de la proportion de chaque constituant du mélange. </p><p>Dans la pratique, le corps est placé dans un récipient, afin de le contenir une fois qu'il sera liquide. On chauffe, en général, le récipient par-dessous, à l'aide d'une flamme ou d'une résistance électrique ; la fusion commence donc par la partie en contact avec le récipient. Dans un four, la chaleur est apportée par l'air et par radiation des parois, c'est donc en priorité le dessus qui fond. En métallurgie, on pratique parfois la fusion par un <a href="/wiki/Arc_%C3%A9lectrique" title="Arc électrique">arc électrique</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soudure_%C3%A0_l%27arc" class="mw-redirect" title="Soudure à l'arc">soudure à l'arc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acier_%C3%A9lectrique" title="Acier électrique">acier électrique</a>) : l'énergie de chauffage est apportée par le passage du courant dans l'air entre les électrodes. Lorsque le récipient est dans un métal <a href="/wiki/Ferromagn%C3%A9tisme" title="Ferromagnétisme">ferromagnétique</a> et que le point de fusion du solide est inférieur au <a href="/wiki/Point_de_Curie" class="mw-redirect" title="Point de Curie">point de Curie</a> du récipient, on peut <a href="/wiki/Chauffage_par_induction" title="Chauffage par induction">chauffer par induction</a>. Les corps non-conducteurs peuvent être chauffés par <a href="/wiki/Four_%C3%A0_micro-ondes" title="Four à micro-ondes">micro-ondes</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fusion_d'un_corps_pur"><span id="Fusion_d.27un_corps_pur"></span>Fusion d'un corps pur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Fusion d'un corps pur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Fusion d'un corps pur"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Courbe_temps_temperature_changement_etat_corps_pur.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Courbe_temps_temperature_changement_etat_corps_pur.svg/220px-Courbe_temps_temperature_changement_etat_corps_pur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Courbe_temps_temperature_changement_etat_corps_pur.svg/330px-Courbe_temps_temperature_changement_etat_corps_pur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Courbe_temps_temperature_changement_etat_corps_pur.svg/440px-Courbe_temps_temperature_changement_etat_corps_pur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption>Fusion puis ébullition d'un corps pur : température en fonction du temps.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lorsque l'on chauffe un corps pur solide, sa température augmente. Puis, arrivé au point de fusion, la chaleur apportée sert à la transformation solide → liquide, la température reste stable. Une fois la fusion terminée, la chaleur apportée fait monter la température du liquide. </p><p>La chaleur nécessaire pour faire fondre le corps est appelé <a href="/wiki/Enthalpie_de_fusion" title="Enthalpie de fusion">enthalpie de fusion</a> ou chaleur latente de fusion, L<sub>f</sub>. Elle est exprimée par unité de <a href="/wiki/Quantit%C3%A9_de_mati%C3%A8re" title="Quantité de matière">quantité de matière</a> (J/mol) ou par unité de masse (J/kg). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fusion_d'un_système_binaire"><span id="Fusion_d.27un_syst.C3.A8me_binaire"></span>Fusion d'un système binaire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Fusion d'un système binaire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Fusion d'un système binaire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Système_immiscible_à_l'état_solide"><span id="Syst.C3.A8me_immiscible_.C3.A0_l.27.C3.A9tat_solide"></span>Système immiscible à l'état solide</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Système immiscible à l'état solide" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Système immiscible à l'état solide"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Fusion_(physique)" title="Spécial:EditPage/Fusion (physique)">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue ! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire ?</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Système_à_solubilité_totale"><span id="Syst.C3.A8me_.C3.A0_solubilit.C3.A9_totale"></span>Système à solubilité totale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Système à solubilité totale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Système à solubilité totale"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Solution_solide_unique_diag_phase.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Solution_solide_unique_diag_phase.svg/220px-Solution_solide_unique_diag_phase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Solution_solide_unique_diag_phase.svg/330px-Solution_solide_unique_diag_phase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Solution_solide_unique_diag_phase.svg/440px-Solution_solide_unique_diag_phase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="983" data-file-height="636" /></a><figcaption>Solution solide unique.</figcaption></figure> <p>Dans certains cas, deux corps purs peuvent se mélanger parfaitement à l'état solide. C'est le cas par exemple des alliages or-argent (Au-Ag) ou bismuth-antimoine (Bi-Sb). Les atomes ou molécules des deux corps purs sont mélangées de manière aléatoire, on parle de « <a href="/wiki/Solution_solide" title="Solution solide">solution solide</a> unique ». Dans ces cas-là, la température évolue de manière continue durant la fusion. Cependant, la courbe de chauffe s'incurve, puisque seule une partie de l'énergie apportée fait augmenter la température, l'autre partie sert à la fusion. Si l'on reporte la température de début et de fin de solidification en fonction de la composition chimique (diagramme dit « binaire »), on obtient un fuseau unique. </p><p>En fait, le système ne s'est pas solidifié de manière uniforme, la composition n'est pas la même partout dans le solide (phénomène de <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9gr%C3%A9gation_(mat%C3%A9riau)" title="Ségrégation (matériau)">ségrégation</a>). La température de fusion n'est donc pas uniforme. La solidification classique commence par les bords et se termine au centre ; la fusion suit donc l'ordre inverse, puisque le centre est la partie ayant le plus bas point de fusion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Système_à_solubilité_limitée"><span id="Syst.C3.A8me_.C3.A0_solubilit.C3.A9_limit.C3.A9e"></span>Système à solubilité limitée</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Système à solubilité limitée" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Système à solubilité limitée"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Fusion_(physique)" title="Spécial:EditPage/Fusion (physique)">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue ! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire ?</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Point_de_fusion" title="Point de fusion">Point de fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusion_des_m%C3%A9taux" class="mw-redirect" title="Fusion des métaux">Fusion des métaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusion_au_peroxyde" title="Fusion au peroxyde">Fusion au peroxyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidification" title="Solidification">Solidification</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106080?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124049179">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124049179">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85052594">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007555558405171">Israël</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106080?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/thermal-fusion"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//smeltning/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusion_(physique)&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alloprof.qc.ca/bv/pages/s1015.aspx"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Le point de fusion</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">alloprof.qc.ca</span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lachimie.fr/materiel/point-fusion.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Point de fusion</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">lachimie.fr</span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elementschimiques.fr/?fr/proprietes/physiques/point-de-fusion"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Point de fusion</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">elementschimiques.fr</span></span></li></ul> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_%C3%89tat_de_la_mati%C3%A8re" title="Modèle:Palette État de la matière"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_%C3%89tat_de_la_mati%C3%A8re&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_la_mati%C3%A8re" title="État de la matière">État de la matière</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:120px">États</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_solide" title="État solide">État solide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquide" title="Liquide">État liquide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaz" title="Gaz">État gazeux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_plasma" title="État plasma">État plasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluide_(mati%C3%A8re)" title="Fluide (matière)">Fluide</a></li></ul> </div></td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Phase_change_-_fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Phase_change_-_fr.svg/100px-Phase_change_-_fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Phase_change_-_fr.svg/150px-Phase_change_-_fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Phase_change_-_fr.svg/200px-Phase_change_-_fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:120px">Basse température</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Condensat_de_Bose-Einstein" title="Condensat de Bose-Einstein">Condensat de Bose-Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condensat_fermionique" title="Condensat fermionique">Condensat fermionique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superfluidit%C3%A9" title="Superfluidité">Superfluidité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supersolide" title="Supersolide">Supersolidité</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:120px">Haute énergie</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mati%C3%A8re_d%C3%A9g%C3%A9n%C3%A9r%C3%A9e" title="Matière dégénérée">Matière dégénérée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_quarks-gluons" title="Plasma quarks-gluons">Plasma quarks-gluons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluide_supercritique" title="Fluide supercritique">Fluide supercritique</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:120px">Autres états</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collo%C3%AFde" title="Colloïde">Colloïde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_polyphasique" title="État polyphasique">État polyphasique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9sophase" title="Mésophase">Mésophase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristal_liquide" title="Cristal liquide">Cristal liquide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trou_noir" title="Trou noir">Trou noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condensat_de_Bose-Einstein" title="Condensat de Bose-Einstein">Condensat de Bose-Einstein</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:120px">Concepts</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Courbe_de_refroidissement" title="Courbe de refroidissement">Courbe de refroidissement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diagramme_de_phase" title="Diagramme de phase">Diagramme de phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transition_de_phase" title="Transition de phase">Transition de phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temp%C3%A9rature_de_transition_vitreuse" title="Température de transition vitreuse">Transition vitreuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_triple" title="Point triple">Point triple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_critique_(thermodynamique)" title="Point critique (thermodynamique)">Point critique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89quation_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Équation d'état">Équation d’état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymorphisme_(chimie)" title="Polymorphisme (chimie)">Polymorphisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamorphisme" title="Polyamorphisme">Polyamorphisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polysomatisme" title="Polysomatisme">Polysomatisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfusion" title="Surfusion">Surfusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coh%C3%A9sion_(physique)" title="Cohésion (physique)">Cohésion</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:120px"><a href="/wiki/Changement_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Changement d'état">Changement d'état</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89quilibre_de_phases" title="Équilibre de phases">Équilibre de phases</a></li> <li>Température et pression de changement d'état <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Point_de_fusion" title="Point de fusion">Point de fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_d%27%C3%A9bullition" title="Point d'ébullition">Point d'ébullition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_de_sublimation" title="Point de sublimation">Point de sublimation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formule_de_Clapeyron" title="Formule de Clapeyron">Formule de Clapeyron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formules_d%27Ehrenfest" title="Formules d'Ehrenfest">Formules d'Ehrenfest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthalpie_de_changement_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Enthalpie de changement d'état">Enthalpie de changement d'état</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enthalpie_de_fusion" title="Enthalpie de fusion">de fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthalpie_de_sublimation" title="Enthalpie de sublimation">de sublimation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enthalpie_de_vaporisation" title="Enthalpie de vaporisation">de vaporisation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9or%C3%A8me_de_Gibbs-Konovalov" title="Théorème de Gibbs-Konovalov">Théorème de Gibbs-Konovalov</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Az%C3%A9otrope" title="Azéotrope">Azéotrope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_de_fusion_congruent" title="Point de fusion congruent">Point de fusion congruent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89quilibre_liquide-vapeur" title="Équilibre liquide-vapeur">Équilibre liquide-vapeur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loi_de_Raoult" title="Loi de Raoult">Loi de Raoult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loi_de_Henry" title="Loi de Henry">Loi de Henry</a></li></ul></li> <li>Équilibre liquide-solide <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eutectique" title="Eutectique">Eutectique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89quation_de_Schr%C3%B6der-van_Laar" title="Équation de Schröder-van Laar">Équation de Schröder-van Laar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Chimie" title="Portail de la chimie"><img 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