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Visual Arts Portal | Britannica
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They include the most ancient forms, such as painting and drawing, and the arts that were born thanks to the development of technology, like sculpture, printmaking, photography, and installation art. Though beauty is in the eye of the beholder, different eras in art history have had their own principles to define beauty, from the richly ornamented taste of the Baroque to the simple utilitarian style of the Prairie School.</div> </div> <div class="text-hr text-hr-right border-navy label mt-30 ls-lg">Browse Subcategories</div> <div class="slider js-slider position-relative d-inline-flex align-items-center mw-100 mt-20 category-snap-slider"> <div class="slider-container js-slider-container overflow-hidden d-flex font-14 overflow-hidden text-nowrap mx-5"> <div class="rw-track rw-track-placeholder"> <a href="/browse/Architecture" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Architecture</a> <a href="/browse/Arts-Awards" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Arts Awards</a> <a href="/browse/Decorative-Art" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Decorative Art</a> <a href="/browse/Fashion-Design" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Fashion & Personal Adornment</a> <a href="/browse/Graphic-Art" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Graphic Art</a> <a href="/browse/Installation-Art" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Installation & Performance Art</a> <a href="/browse/Painting" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Painting</a> <a href="/browse/Photography" class="link-white mr-20 mr-sm-30">Photography</a> <a href="/browse/Sculpture" class="link-white ">Sculpture</a> </div> </div> <button disabled class="prev-button js-prev-button position-absolute btn btn-circle shadow btn-blue " aria-label="Previous"> <span class="material-icons md-24" data-icon="keyboard_arrow_left"></span> </button> <button disabled class="next-button js-next-button position-absolute btn btn-circle shadow btn-blue " aria-label="Next"> <span class="material-icons md-24" data-icon="keyboard_arrow_right"></span> </button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <h2 class="label my-30 text-center">Featured content, April 11, 2025</h2> <div class="qa-pinboard-items js-pinboard grid gy-20"> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/story/who-was-the-woman-behind-the-statue-of-liberty" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/61/93061-131-ABCDE075/Statue-of-Liberty-Island-New-York-Bay.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Statue of Liberty in front of the skyline of Manhattan, New York City, New York." class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="/story/who-was-the-woman-behind-the-statue-of-liberty" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">Who Was the Woman Behind the Statue of Liberty?</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Read about the woman who inspired the Statue of Liberty. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/list/22-paintings-to-see-in-hamburg" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/78/221978-131-07E65E53/Warehouse-district-Speicherstadt-Hamburg-Germany.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="The Warehouse district Speicherstadt during sunset in Hamburg, Germany. Old warehouses in Hafencity quarter in Hamburg." class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="/list/22-paintings-to-see-in-hamburg" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">22 Paintings to See in Hamburg</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Learn before you look. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/story/why-is-the-mona-lisa-so-famous" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/24/189624-131-BAF1184D/Mona-Lisa-oil-wood-panel-Leonardo-da.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Mona Lisa, oil on wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci, c. 1503-06; in the Louvre, Paris, France. 77 x 53 cm." class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="/story/why-is-the-mona-lisa-so-famous" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">Why Is the <em>Mona Lisa</em> So Famous?</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> The reason for the <em>Mona Lisa</em>鈥檚 popularity is one of the painting鈥檚 many conundrums. Find out what all the fuss is... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/story/8-masterpieces-of-islamic-architecture" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/46/189646-131-9198D6CD/Openings-dome-light-stream-Mosque-of-Suleyman.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Inside the Suleymaniye Mosque on may 25, 2013 in Istanbul, Turkey. The Suleymaniye Mosque is the largest mosque in the city, and one of the best-known sights of Istanbul." class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="/story/8-masterpieces-of-islamic-architecture" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">8 Masterpieces of Islamic Architecture</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Take a tour of a few of the Islamic world鈥檚 great monuments </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/photography" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/96/140496-050-62AEE217/View-of-the-Boulevard-du-Temple-Paris-Louis-Jacques-Mande-Daguerre.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Louis-Jacques-Mand茅 Daguerre: View of the Boulevard du Temple, Paris" class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/photography" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">history of photography</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> History of photography, method of recording the image of an object through the action of light, or related radiation, on... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wassily-Kandinsky" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/99/226899-050-3BFFED5E/Painting-with-Green-Center-by-Wassily-Kandinsky-1913.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Wassily Kandinsky: Painting with Green Center" class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wassily-Kandinsky" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">Wassily Kandinsky</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Wassily Kandinsky was a Russian-born artist, one of the first creators of pure abstraction in modern painting. After successful... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Mesopotamian-art" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/08/150008-050-D5A45539/Ziggurat-Ur.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="ziggurat at Ur" class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Mesopotamian-art" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">Mesopotamian art and architecture</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Mesopotamian art and architecture, the art and architecture of the ancient Mesopotamian civilizations. The name Mesopotamia... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex js-pin col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/naive-art" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/19/3819-004-31AE5E8F/Snake-Charmer-Henri-Rousseau-Musee-dOrsay-Paris-1907.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Henri Rousseau: The Snake-Charmer" class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/naive-art" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">na茂ve art</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Na茂ve art, work of artists in sophisticated societies who lack or reject conventional expertise in the representation or... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="qa-quizzes"> <h2 class="h3 mt-30 mb-20 font-weight-bold">Visual Arts Quizzes</h2> <div class="m-n10 "> <div class="slider js-slider position-relative d-inline-flex align-items-center mw-100 card-snap-slider col-100"> <div class="slider-container js-slider-container overflow-hidden d-flex col-100"> <div class="rw-track rw-track-placeholder"> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/quiz/which-artist-part-two-quiz" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/98/215598-131-72E4F0C5/Tilla-Durieux-August-Renoir-1914-Art-Institute-Chicago.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt=""Tilla Durieux" (Ottilie Goddeffroy, 1880-1971) oil on canvas by August Renoir, 1914; in the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago." class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="/quiz/which-artist-part-two-quiz" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">Which Artist? Part Two Quiz</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Which artist painted <em>Guernica</em>? Who coped with arthritis by attaching a paintbrush to his hand? Test what you know... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/quiz/sculptors-and-sculpture-quiz" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/03/215603-131-6EC9482E/Construction-Statue-of-Liberty-Frederic-Auguste-Bartholdi-Paris-workshop-circa-1882-1883.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Workmen constructing the Statue of Liberty in Frederic Auguste Bartholdi's Parisian warehouse workshop; first model; left hand and quarter-sized head. Photo by Albert Fernique, ca. 1882-83." class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="/quiz/sculptors-and-sculpture-quiz" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">Sculptors and Sculpture Quiz</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Sculpture is one of the oldest and most varied artistic forms. Test how much you know about some of the world鈥檚 most famous... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/quiz/artists-of-the-italian-renaissance-quiz" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/07/215607-131-DD8682B1/Madonna-Child-Sandro-Botticelli-circa-1470-National-Gallery-Art-Washington-DC.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt=""Madonna and Child" tempera on panel by Sandro Botticelli, c. 1470; in the collection of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (Florentine Renaissance)" class="col-100" /> </a> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="card-body text-hyphenate"> <a href="/quiz/artists-of-the-italian-renaissance-quiz" class="font-weight-bold font-16 lh-sm">Artists of the Italian Renaissance Quiz</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 font-14"> Here鈥檚 a quick quiz about one of the most influential periods in the history of art. Learn how much you know about Renaissance... </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="p-10 d-inline-flex col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25 "> <div class="card text-normal col-100 "> <div class="card-media position-relative"> <a href="/quiz/textiles-and-design-quiz" style="--aspect-ratio: 16/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/08/215608-131-34F16856/Marble-sarcophagus-garlands-AD-200-225-Severan-period-Roman-Metropolitan-Museum-Art.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Marble sarcophagus with garlands, ca. A.D. 200-225; Severan period, Roman; in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 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The expansive variety of architectural styles that have been employed throughout the ages underscores the fact that not every building need look the same, a principle that is readily apparent when comparing Gothic cathedrals with igloos or pagodas with cliff dwellings. Although architecture is commonly associated first and foremost with the design and construction of buildings, landscape architects may work with gardens, parks, and other planned outdoor areas, aiding in the development and decorative planning of such spaces.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kazuyo-Sejima-and-Ryue-Nishizawa">Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa</a> <div class="font-serif">Japanese architects</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Venturi-and-Denise-Scott-Brown">Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown</a> <div class="font-serif">American architects</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Egyptian-art">Egyptian art and architecture</a> <div class="font-serif">ancient Egypt</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Arts-Awards"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel/resources/encyclopedia-placeholder.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="subcategory placeholder" class="col-100 mb-15" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Arts-Awards" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Arts Awards</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">Awards such as the Praemium Imperiale and the Pritzker Prize honor artists for a job well done.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Commonwealth-Book-Prize">Commonwealth Book Prize</a> <div class="font-serif">international literary award</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pritzker-Prize">Pritzker Prize</a> <div class="font-serif">international architectural award</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Buchner-Prize">B眉chner Prize</a> <div class="font-serif">German award</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Decorative-Art"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/62/1862-050-B1AC1BB0/Interior-theatre-woodcut-triptych-Kabuki-Utagawa-Toyokuni.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="interior of a Kabuki theater" class="col-100 mb-20" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Decorative-Art" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Decorative Art</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">People appreciate the usefulness of things like glassware and furniture, but they appreciate such objects even more when they鈥檙e aesthetically pleasing, too. That鈥檚 where decorative art comes in. Explore the world of basketry, metalwork, pottery, interior design, tapestry, and more.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/stained-glass">stained glass</a> <div class="font-serif"></div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/graphic-design">graphic design</a> <div class="font-serif">art</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Korean-art">Korean art</a> <div class="font-serif"></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Fashion-Design"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/76/114976-050-860A5BC4/Henry-VIII-painting-Hans-Holbein-the-Younger-1540.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Hans Holbein the Younger: portrait of Henry VIII" class="col-100 mb-20" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Fashion-Design" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Fashion & Personal Adornment</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">Looking to make a statement without ever saying a word? Fashion designers know that clothing and accessories can speak volumes about the wearer, affecting both how the wearer is perceived by others and how the wearer perceives of him- or herself. The fashion industry has become a multibillion-dollar global enterprise devoted to the business of making and selling clothes; it thrives by being diverse and flexible enough to gratify any consumer's desire to embrace or reject fashionability, however that term might be defined.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ralph-Lauren">Ralph Lauren</a> <div class="font-serif">American fashion designer</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Giorgio-Armani">Giorgio Armani</a> <div class="font-serif">Italian fashion designer</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vivienne-Westwood">Vivienne Westwood</a> <div class="font-serif">British fashion designer</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Graphic-Art"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/77/97277-050-16F3259D/William-Blake-oil-canvas-Thomas-Phillips-National-1807.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="William Blake" class="col-100 mb-20" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Graphic-Art" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Graphic Art</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">Calligraphy, graffiti, engraving, caricature: graphic art's domain stretches as far as the eye can see. Take a look at some of the other types of graphic art, and learn more about the artists working within this category of fine arts.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Blake">William Blake</a> <div class="font-serif">British writer and artist</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/photoengraving">photoengraving</a> <div class="font-serif">printing</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/printmaking">printmaking</a> <div class="font-serif"></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Installation-Art"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/73/172773-050-ACCFFA2A/James-Turrell-American.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="James Turrell" class="col-100 mb-20" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Installation-Art" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Installation & Performance Art</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">audience" could consist of onlookers on the street or patrons browsing the halls of a museum, among countless other possibilities.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tracey-Emin">Tracey Emin</a> <div class="font-serif">British artist</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zhang-Huan">Zhang Huan</a> <div class="font-serif">Chinese artist</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-Alys">Francis Al每s</a> <div class="font-serif">Belgian-born conceptual artist</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Painting"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/92/215592-050-8DEB0E28/Large-Plane-Trees-Road-Menders-at-Saint-Remy-Vincent-Van-Gough-1889-Cleveland-Art-Museum.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Vincent van Gogh: The Large Plane Trees (Road Menders at Saint-R茅my)" class="col-100 mb-20" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Painting" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Painting</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">Need help distinguishing your Picassos from your Monets? Learn about history鈥檚 celebrated painters and the different styles, techniques, mediums, and forms that have been used to create such unique visual images as Salvador Dal铆鈥檚 melting clock and the ever-shifting eyes of Leonardo da Vinci鈥檚 enigmatic Mona Lisa.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Post-Impressionism">Post-Impressionism</a> <div class="font-serif">art</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Western-painting">Western painting</a> <div class="font-serif">art</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Novgorod-school">Novgorod school</a> <div class="font-serif">art</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Photography"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/38/24538-050-3ED39CA6/Hannah-Hoch-First-International-Dada-Fair-Berlin-1920.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Dada exhibit" class="col-100 mb-20" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Photography" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Photography</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">Photography鈥檚 history began long before we were snapping pictures on camera phones. Learn about the masters of the craft and explore the development of photographic technology as it progressed through daguerreotypes and tintypes on the way to modern day鈥檚 increasingly sophisticated digital cameras.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hill-and-Adamson">Hill and Adamson</a> <div class="font-serif">Scottish photographers</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/photography">history of photography</a> <div class="font-serif"></div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Andreas-Gursky">Andreas Gursky</a> <div class="font-serif">German photographer</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-100 col-sm-33 col-md-25"> <a href="/browse/Sculpture"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/17/256217-050-6B6BE67F/romanian-modern-sculptor-constantin-brancusi.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop" alt="Constantin Brancusi" class="col-100 mb-20" /> </a> <a href="/browse/Sculpture" class="font-weight-bold font-16">Sculpture</a> <div class="font-serif mt-10 line-clamp clamp-3">Looking to find a use for that extra clay, stone, plaster, or metal that you have lying around? Consider sculpture, in which artists employ these materials and others to create three-dimensional art. Perhaps you鈥檒l join the ranks of noted sculptors such as Michelangelo, Auguste Rodin, and Donatello.</div> <div class="label mt-20">Articles</div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pablo-Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a> <div class="font-serif">Spanish artist</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edgar-Degas">Edgar Degas</a> <div class="font-serif">French artist</div> </li> <li class="mt-20"> <a class="font-weight-bold" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-Calder">Alexander Calder</a> <div class="font-serif">American artist</div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <DIV class="marketing-CATEGORY_PAGE_SUBSCRIPTION marketing-content" data-marketing-id="CATEGORY_PAGE_SUBSCRIPTION"><style> .student-promo-banner-wrapper { container-type: inline-size; margin-bottom: 15px; } @container (min-width: 475px) { .student-promo-banner { flex-direction: row; } .student-promo-banner-img-wrapper { margin-bottom: 0; margin-right: 10px; justify-content: flex-start; } .student-promo-banner-text-wrapper { text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; } .student-promo-banner-button-wrapper { margin-right: 0; } }</style> <div class="student-promo-banner-wrapper"> <div class="student-promo-banner d-flex flex-column align-items-center bg-blue rounded p-20"> <div class="student-promo-banner-img-wrapper mb-20 mr-0 d-flex justify-content-center"> <img class="rounded" style="max-width: 100px; min-width: 80px" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/marketing/BlueThistle.webp" /> </div> <div class="student-promo-banner-text-wrapper ml-0 mb-10 text-center text-white"> <div class="h2 mb-10">Britannica Premium</div> <div class="h4 font-weight-semi-bold">Did you know you're not getting the full Britannica experience? 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