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Mark E. Walker - Wikipedia

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Scott</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hand_v._Scott-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-League_of_Women_Voters_v._Detzner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#League_of_Women_Voters_v._Detzner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span><i>League of Women Voters v. Detzner</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-League_of_Women_Voters_v._Detzner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keohane_v._Jones,_et_al." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keohane_v._Jones,_et_al."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span><i>Keohane v. 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Scott</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-League_of_Women_Voters_v._Scott-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-riot_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-riot_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Anti-riot law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-riot_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_of_Florida_professors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_of_Florida_professors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>University of Florida professors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_of_Florida_professors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-League_of_Women_Voters_v._Laurel_M._Lee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#League_of_Women_Voters_v._Laurel_M._Lee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span><i>League of Women Voters v. 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Cord Byrd, et al.</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Florida_State_Conference_of_Branches_and_Youth_Units_of_the_NAACP,_et_al_v._Cord_Byrd,_et_al.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Florida_Amendment_4_intimidation_(2024)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Florida_Amendment_4_intimidation_(2024)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>Florida Amendment 4 intimidation (2024)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Florida_Amendment_4_intimidation_(2024)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mark E. 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Mark Walker, see <a href="/wiki/Mark_Walker_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Mark Walker (disambiguation)">Mark Walker (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Mark Walker</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_E._Walker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_E._Walker.jpg/220px-Mark_E._Walker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_E._Walker.jpg/330px-Mark_E._Walker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Mark_E._Walker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span>&#32;<br />June 23, 2018</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/M._Casey_Rodgers" title="M. Casey Rodgers">M. Casey Rodgers</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span>&#32;<br />December 7, 2012</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stephan_P._Mickle" title="Stephan P. Mickle">Stephan P. Mickle</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Mark Eaton Walker</div><br />1967 (age&#160;56&#8211;57)<br /><a href="/wiki/Winter_Garden,_Florida" title="Winter Garden, Florida">Winter Garden, Florida</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Florida" title="University of Florida">University of Florida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mark Eaton Walker</b> (born 1967) is the <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_judge" title="United States federal judge">chief United States district judge</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Winter_Garden,_Florida" title="Winter Garden, Florida">Winter Garden, Florida</a>, he received his <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> degree from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Florida" title="University of Florida">University of Florida</a> in 1989, graduating first in his class.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He received his <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Fredric_G._Levin_College_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Fredric G. Levin College of Law">Fredric G. Levin College of Law</a> at the University of Florida in 1992, <i><a href="/wiki/Magna_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Magna cum laude">magna cum laude</a></i>. From 1983 to 1993, during high school and during breaks in the academic year in college, Walker worked at a <a href="/wiki/Winn-Dixie" title="Winn-Dixie">Winn-Dixie</a>, the same store where his father worked.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Walker identified his experience working at Winn-Dixie as "the job that, more than any other, helped prepare him to be a lawyer and interact with people."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After graduating from law school second in his class, he clerked for Judge <a href="/wiki/Emmett_Ripley_Cox" title="Emmett Ripley Cox">Emmett Ripley Cox</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit</a> from 1993 to 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He clerked for Justice <a href="/wiki/Stephen_H._Grimes" title="Stephen H. Grimes">Stephen H. Grimes</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Supreme Court">Florida Supreme Court</a> from 1994 to 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He clerked for Judge <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hinkle_(judge)" title="Robert Hinkle (judge)">Robert Hinkle</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida</a> from 1996 to 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In July 1997 he spent a short period in private practice, but soon left to work as an assistant public defender for Florida's second judicial circuit.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He served as an assistant public defender from 1997 to 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He worked in <a href="/wiki/Practice_of_law" title="Practice of law">private practice</a> from 1999 to 2009 specializing in civil litigation and criminal defense.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> From 2009 to 2012, he served as a <a href="/wiki/Circuit_court_(Florida)" title="Circuit court (Florida)">state circuit judge</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tallahassee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tallahassee">Tallahassee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WH2012_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WH2012-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fjc.gov_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjc.gov-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_judicial_service">Federal judicial service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Federal judicial service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On February 16, 2012, President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> nominated Walker to serve as United States district judge for the United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-WH2012_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WH2012-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He replaced Judge <a href="/wiki/Stephan_P._Mickle" title="Stephan P. Mickle">Stephan P. Mickle</a>, who assumed <a href="/wiki/Senior_status" title="Senior status">senior status</a> in 2011. His nomination was reported out of committee on June 7, 2012 by a <a href="/wiki/Voice_vote" title="Voice vote">voice vote</a>, with one senator voting "nay".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> confirmed Walker on December 6, 2012 by a 94–0 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He received his commission on December 7, 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-fjc.gov_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjc.gov-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He became chief judge in June 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-fjc.gov_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjc.gov-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_rulings">Notable rulings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Notable rulings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hand_v._Scott"><i>Hand v. Scott</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Hand v. Scott"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2018, Walker ruled against Florida and ordered <a href="/wiki/Florida_governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida governor">Florida governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">Rick Scott</a> to restore the voting rights of felons after their release from prison.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="League_of_Women_Voters_v._Detzner"><i>League of Women Voters v. Detzner</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: League of Women Voters v. Detzner"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2018, Walker invalidated as unconstitutional Florida's total prohibition on early voting sites on college and university campuses.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Walker determined the prohibition violated the First, Fourteenth, and Twenty-Sixth Amendments and the law revealed a "stark pattern of discrimination" against younger voters. Consequently, in the 2018 midterms, nearly 60,000 people voted at the on-campus early voting locations.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Keohane_v._Jones,_et_al."><span id="Keohane_v._Jones.2C_et_al."></span><i>Keohane v. Jones, et al.</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Keohane v. Jones, et al."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Walker ordered the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Department_of_Corrections" title="Florida Department of Corrections">Florida Department of Corrections</a> to continue providing a transgender woman prisoner with hormone treatment and ordered them to provide her with women's undergarments and grooming products.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The prisoner was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Gender_dysphoria" title="Gender dysphoria">gender dysphoria</a> but has been housed in a male-only correctional facility. Walker's ruling was ultimately reversed by the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Madera-Rivera_v._Detzner"><i>Madera-Rivera v. Detzner</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Madera-Rivera v. Detzner"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2018, Walker decided another significant voting rights case, in which he granted a preliminary injunction against the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Secretary of State">Florida secretary of state</a>, directing him to ensure that Spanish speaking voters have access to ballots in the Spanish language for the November 2018 elections.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This decision, made on the basis of Section 4(e) of the Voting Rights Act, was especially critical, as Florida was grappling with a recent influx of Puerto Ricans fleeing the aftermath of 2017's <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Maria" title="Hurricane Maria">Hurricane Maria</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="League_of_Women_Voters_v._Scott"><i>League of Women Voters v. Scott</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: League of Women Voters v. Scott"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the 2018 midterms, Walker ruled in favor of then-governor Rick Scott who oversaw the state's ongoing recount in which he was a candidate for U.S. Senate. “Though sometimes careening perilously close to a due process violation, Scott’s most questionable conduct has occurred in his capacity as a candidate rather than as governor," Walker wrote. Though Scott's actions were “reckless and haphazard“ and “Scott has toed the line between imprudent campaign-trail rhetoric and problematic state action. But he has not crossed that line."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-riot_law">Anti-riot law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Anti-riot law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 9, 2021, Walker blocked Florida's anti-riot law as a violation of the First Amendment.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_of_Florida_professors">University of Florida professors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: University of Florida professors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In another free speech case, on January 4, 2022, Walker refused to dismiss a lawsuit filed by professors at the University of Florida after the University tried to stop them from testifying in a voting rights lawsuit.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ruling eventually blocked the law as incompatible with the First Amendment.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="League_of_Women_Voters_v._Laurel_M._Lee"><i>League of Women Voters v. Laurel M. Lee</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: League of Women Voters v. Laurel M. Lee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On March 30, 2022, Walker ruled that Florida Senate Bill 90 violated the Voting Rights Act, issued a permanent <a href="/wiki/Injunction" title="Injunction">injunction</a> against the law’s restrictions on <a href="/wiki/Absentee_ballot" title="Absentee ballot">absentee ballot</a> drop boxes, and required Florida to obtain <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965#Preclearance_requirement" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965">preclearance</a> from federal courts before enacting election laws.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an outline of the legislative history of the bill, Walker wrote, "And the exact justification for SB 90 as a whole, and for its constituent parts, is difficult to pin down, with sponsors and supporters offering conflicting or nonsensical rationales."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 5, 2022, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals lifted Walker's order, pending appeal: "The lower court’s ruling relying on an analysis of racism in Florida’s history is 'problematic,' and 'failed to properly account for what might be called the presumption of legislative good faith,' according to the order issued Friday by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Additionally, the state has 'a substantial argument' that another provision in the law governing 'line warming' activities outside polling places 'passes constitutional muster,' though the lower court found it to be 'unconstitutionally vague and overbroad,' according to the order. The court also noted the next statewide election is in August, while local elections are ongoing—too close for interfering with state laws administering elections, the judges wrote." The appeals court did not reach the merits, which will be decided in the main appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Florida_State_Conference_of_Branches_and_Youth_Units_of_the_NAACP,_et_al_v._Cord_Byrd,_et_al."><span id="Florida_State_Conference_of_Branches_and_Youth_Units_of_the_NAACP.2C_et_al_v._Cord_Byrd.2C_et_al."></span><i>Florida State Conference of Branches and Youth Units of the NAACP, et al v. Cord Byrd, et al.</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Florida State Conference of Branches and Youth Units of the NAACP, et al v. Cord Byrd, et al."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On July 3, 2023, Judge Walker granted a preliminary injunction against SB 7020, a Florida law that barred non-citizens from handling or collecting voter registration forms, and third-party voter registration groups from retaining personal information collected when registering new voters.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Florida_Amendment_4_intimidation_(2024)"><span id="Florida_Amendment_4_intimidation_.282024.29"></span>Florida Amendment 4 intimidation (2024)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Florida Amendment 4 intimidation (2024)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2024, the Florida Department of Health threatened to bring criminal charges against local TV stations for airing an advertisement in support of <a href="/wiki/2024_Florida_Amendment_4" title="2024 Florida Amendment 4">Amendment 4</a>—a proposed constitutional amendment to prohibit the Florida legislature from restricting <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Florida" title="Abortion in Florida">abortion</a> before <a href="/wiki/Fetal_viability" title="Fetal viability">fetal viability</a>—which it claimed to contain false information regarding current state law. The health department sent out cease-and-desist letters and contracted for $1.4 million with two law firms to pursue litigation against the stations, claiming that the ads constitute a "sanitary nuisance" because it ""threatens or impairs"" the health of Florida residents. In response, a lawsuit was filed by Floridians Protecting Freedom, the group that organized the amendment's ballot initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Judge Walker issued a temporary restraining order against the Florida Department of Health. In his written opinion, he heavily condemned the health department's decision, commenting "<a href="/wiki/It%27s_the_economy,_stupid" title="It&#39;s the economy, stupid">it's the First Amendment, stupid</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/MarkWalker-PublicQuestionnaire.pdf">"Senate Judiciary Committee Questionnaire, The Hon. Mark E. Walker"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary</i>. 17 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=United+States+Senate+Committee+on+the+Judiciary&amp;rft.atitle=Senate+Judiciary+Committee+Questionnaire%2C+The+Hon.+Mark+E.+Walker&amp;rft.date=2012-02-17&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.judiciary.senate.gov%2Fimo%2Fmedia%2Fdoc%2FMarkWalker-PublicQuestionnaire.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurlew2009" class="citation news cs1">Burlew, Jeff (13 December 2009). "Judge presiding over Hoffman murder trial known for fairness". <i>Tallahassee Democrat</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Tallahassee+Democrat&amp;rft.atitle=Judge+presiding+over+Hoffman+murder+trial+known+for+fairness&amp;rft.date=2009-12-13&amp;rft.aulast=Burlew&amp;rft.aufirst=Jeff&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WH2012-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WH2012_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WH2012_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/02/16/president-obama-nominates-three-serve-us-district-court">"President Obama Nominates Three to Serve on the US District Court"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Whitehouse.gov" title="Whitehouse.gov">whitehouse.gov</a></i>. 16 February 2012 &#8211; via <a href="/wiki/NARA" class="mw-redirect" title="NARA">National Archives</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=whitehouse.gov&amp;rft.atitle=President+Obama+Nominates+Three+to+Serve+on+the+US+District+Court&amp;rft.date=2012-02-16&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobamawhitehouse.archives.gov%2Fthe-press-office%2F2012%2F02%2F16%2Fpresident-obama-nominates-three-serve-us-district-court&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fjc.gov-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fjc.gov_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fjc.gov_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fjc.gov_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/1394066">Mark E. Walker</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/ExecutiveBusinessMeetingResults-06-07-2012.pdf">"Results of Executive Business Meeting - June 7, 2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Results+of+Executive+Business+Meeting+-+June+7%2C+2012&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.judiciary.senate.gov%2Fimo%2Fmedia%2Fdoc%2FExecutiveBusinessMeetingResults-06-07-2012.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_votes/vote1122/vote_112_2_00224.htm">"On the Nomination (Confirmation Mark E. Walker, of Florida, to be United States District Judge for the Northern District of Florida)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=On+the+Nomination+%28Confirmation+Mark+E.+Walker%2C+of+Florida%2C+to+be+United+States+District+Judge+for+the+Northern+District+of+Florida%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Flegislative%2FLIS%2Froll_call_votes%2Fvote1122%2Fvote_112_2_00224.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBousquet" class="citation web cs1">Bousquet, Steve. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampabay.com/florida-politics/buzz/2018/02/01/federal-judge-strikes-down-floridas-system-for-restoring-felon-voting-rights/">"Judge strikes down Florida's system for denying felons' voting rights"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Judge+strikes+down+Florida%27s+system+for+denying+felons%27+voting+rights&amp;rft.aulast=Bousquet&amp;rft.aufirst=Steve&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampabay.com%2Fflorida-politics%2Fbuzz%2F2018%2F02%2F01%2Ffederal-judge-strikes-down-floridas-system-for-restoring-felon-voting-rights%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSvrluga" class="citation news cs1">Svrluga, Susan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2018/07/25/stark-pattern-of-discrimination-judge-makes-it-easier-for-college-students-to-vote/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Stark pattern of discrimination': Judge makes it easier for college students to vote"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=%27Stark+pattern+of+discrimination%27%3A+Judge+makes+it+easier+for+college+students+to+vote&amp;rft.aulast=Svrluga&amp;rft.aufirst=Susan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fgrade-point%2Fwp%2F2018%2F07%2F25%2Fstark-pattern-of-discrimination-judge-makes-it-easier-for-college-students-to-vote%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaclean2019" class="citation web cs1">Maclean, Danielle (20 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thinkprogress.org/it-can-be-hard-for-college-students-to-get-to-the-polls-floridas-new-law-is-making-it-even-harder-aa140bb798f9/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'It can be hard for college students to get to the polls. Florida's new law is making it even harder"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ThinkProgress" title="ThinkProgress">ThinkProgress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ThinkProgress&amp;rft.atitle=%27It+can+be+hard+for+college+students+to+get+to+the+polls.+Florida%27s+new+law+is+making+it+even+harder.&amp;rft.date=2019-07-20&amp;rft.aulast=Maclean&amp;rft.aufirst=Danielle&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthinkprogress.org%2Fit-can-be-hard-for-college-students-to-get-to-the-polls-floridas-new-law-is-making-it-even-harder-aa140bb798f9%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampabay.com/florida-politics/buzz/2018/08/23/this-ends-now-florida-prison-system-ordered-to-accommodate-transgender-inmate/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'This ends now': Florida prison system ordered to accommodate transgender inmate"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%27This+ends+now%27%3A+Florida+prison+system+ordered+to+accommodate+transgender+inmate&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampabay.com%2Fflorida-politics%2Fbuzz%2F2018%2F08%2F23%2Fthis-ends-now-florida-prison-system-ordered-to-accommodate-transgender-inmate%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/pub/files/201814096.pdf">"Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. March 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Appeal+from+the+United+States+District+Court+for+the+Northern+District+of+Florida&amp;rft.date=2020-03-11&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.ca11.uscourts.gov%2Fopinions%2Fpub%2Ffiles%2F201814096.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomo2018" class="citation web cs1">Romo, Vanessa (7 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2018/09/07/645753328/judge-orders-florida-officials-to-provide-sample-ballots-in-spanish">"Judge Orders Florida Officials To Provide Sample Ballots In Spanish"</a>. <i>NPR</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NPR&amp;rft.atitle=Judge+Orders+Florida+Officials+To+Provide+Sample+Ballots+In+Spanish&amp;rft.date=2018-09-07&amp;rft.aulast=Romo&amp;rft.aufirst=Vanessa&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2018%2F09%2F07%2F645753328%2Fjudge-orders-florida-officials-to-provide-sample-ballots-in-spanish&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolden2018" class="citation web cs1">Holden, Dominic (16 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/dominicholden/florida-rick-scott-oversee-election-judge">"A Judge Says Florida Republican Gov. Rick Scott Can Keep Overseeing Florida's Election"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed_News" title="BuzzFeed News">BuzzFeed News</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=BuzzFeed+News&amp;rft.atitle=A+Judge+Says+Florida+Republican+Gov.+Rick+Scott+Can+Keep+Overseeing+Florida%27s+Election&amp;rft.date=2018-11-16&amp;rft.aulast=Holden&amp;rft.aufirst=Dominic&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeednews.com%2Farticle%2Fdominicholden%2Fflorida-rick-scott-oversee-election-judge&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abcactionnews.com/news/state/floridas-gop-backed-anti-riot-law-blocked-by-judge">"Florida's GOP-backed 'anti-riot' law blocked by judge"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. September 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ABC+News&amp;rft.atitle=Florida%27s+GOP-backed+%27anti-riot%27+law+blocked+by+judge&amp;rft.date=2021-09-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abcactionnews.com%2Fnews%2Fstate%2Ffloridas-gop-backed-anti-riot-law-blocked-by-judge&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltnietzel/2022/01/04/federal-judge-denies-university-of-floridas-motion-to-dismiss-professors-first-amendment-lawsuit/?sh=3b8b7d8e1534">"Federal Judge Denies University Of Florida's Motion To Dismiss Professors' First Amendment Lawsuit"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. January 4, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Forbes&amp;rft.atitle=Federal+Judge+Denies+University+Of+Florida%27s+Motion+To+Dismiss+Professors%27+First+Amendment+Lawsuit&amp;rft.date=2022-01-04&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmichaeltnietzel%2F2022%2F01%2F04%2Ffederal-judge-denies-university-of-floridas-motion-to-dismiss-professors-first-amendment-lawsuit%2F%3Fsh%3D3b8b7d8e1534&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCushing2022" class="citation web cs1">Cushing, Tim (2022-11-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techdirt.com/2022/11/21/federal-court-blocks-floridas-stop-woke-act-calls-it-positively-dystopian/">"Federal Court Blocks Florida's 'Stop WOKE' Act, Calls It 'Positively Dystopian'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Techdirt</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Techdirt&amp;rft.atitle=Federal+Court+Blocks+Florida%27s+%27Stop+WOKE%27+Act%2C+Calls+It+%27Positively+Dystopian%27&amp;rft.date=2022-11-21&amp;rft.aulast=Cushing&amp;rft.aufirst=Tim&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techdirt.com%2F2022%2F11%2F21%2Ffederal-court-blocks-floridas-stop-woke-act-calls-it-positively-dystopian%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAx2022" class="citation web cs1">Ax, Joseph (31 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gazette.com/florida-judge-blocks-new-gop-backed-voting-law/article_551a8afa-b12a-11ec-8bdd-4f28e5e558a3.html">"Florida judge blocks new GOP-backed voting law"</a>. <i>Colorado Springs Gazette</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Colorado+Springs+Gazette&amp;rft.atitle=Florida+judge+blocks+new+GOP-backed+voting+law&amp;rft.date=2022-03-31&amp;rft.aulast=Ax&amp;rft.aufirst=Joseph&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgazette.com%2Fflorida-judge-blocks-new-gop-backed-voting-law%2Farticle_551a8afa-b12a-11ec-8bdd-4f28e5e558a3.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsweek.com/florida-voting-restrictions-federal-ruling-1693885">"Federal Judge Rules Florida's New Voting Restrictions Are Unconstitutional"</a>. <i>MSN</i>. 31 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=MSN&amp;rft.atitle=Federal+Judge+Rules+Florida%27s+New+Voting+Restrictions+Are+Unconstitutional&amp;rft.date=2022-03-31&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fflorida-voting-restrictions-federal-ruling-1693885&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanielsOkun2022" class="citation web cs1">Daniels, Eugene; Okun, Eli (31 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politi.co/3JZUvvZ">"POLITICO Playbook PM: Advocates applaud Biden's transgender policy moves"</a>. <i>POLITICO</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=POLITICO&amp;rft.atitle=POLITICO+Playbook+PM%3A+Advocates+applaud+Biden%27s+transgender+policy+moves&amp;rft.date=2022-03-31&amp;rft.aulast=Daniels&amp;rft.aufirst=Eugene&amp;rft.au=Okun%2C+Eli&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpoliti.co%2F3JZUvvZ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2022" class="citation web cs1">Walker, Mark E. (March 31, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.democracydocket.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/2022-03-31-Final-Order-Following-dckt-665_0.pdf">"TALLAHASSEE DIVISION LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF FLORIDA, INC., et al., Plaintiffs, v. LAUREL M. LEE, in her official capacity as Florida Secretary of State, et al"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Docket" title="Democracy Docket">Democracy Docket</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Democracy+Docket&amp;rft.atitle=TALLAHASSEE+DIVISION+LEAGUE+OF+WOMEN+VOTERS+OF+FLORIDA%2C+INC.%2C+et+al.%2C+Plaintiffs%2C+v.+LAUREL+M.+LEE%2C+in+her+official+capacity+as+Florida+Secretary+of+State%2C+et+al.&amp;rft.date=2022-03-31&amp;rft.aulast=Walker&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark+E.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.democracydocket.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2021%2F05%2F2022-03-31-Final-Order-Following-dckt-665_0.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.bloomberglaw.com/us-law-week/eleventh-circuit-sides-with-desantis-on-election-law-court-order">"Eleventh Circuit Sides with DeSantis on Election-Law Court Order"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Eleventh+Circuit+Sides+with+DeSantis+on+Election-Law+Court+Order&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.bloomberglaw.com%2Fus-law-week%2Feleventh-circuit-sides-with-desantis-on-election-law-court-order&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/elections-immigration-florida-government-41b49bbb0406d188488ff622481808bb">"US judge blocks portions of new Florida elections law"</a>. <i>AP News</i>. July 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=AP+News&amp;rft.atitle=US+judge+blocks+portions+of+new+Florida+elections+law&amp;rft.date=2023-07-03&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Felections-immigration-florida-government-41b49bbb0406d188488ff622481808bb&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/10/08/media/florida-tv-abortion-rights-ad-fcc-desantis/index.html">"Florida is threatening to prosecute TV stations over an abortion rights ad"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Florida+is+threatening+to+prosecute+TV+stations+over+an+abortion+rights+ad.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2024%2F10%2F08%2Fmedia%2Fflorida-tv-abortion-rights-ad-fcc-desantis%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/florida-abortion-commercial-desantis-lawsuit-979cd3059d79c92a2b8038585fa922e0">"Abortion rights group sues after Florida orders TV stations to stop airing ad"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Abortion+rights+group+sues+after+Florida+orders+TV+stations+to+stop+airing+ad&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fflorida-abortion-commercial-desantis-lawsuit-979cd3059d79c92a2b8038585fa922e0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://floridaphoenix.com/2024/10/17/federal-judge-rebukes-attorney-defending-desantis-admins-threats-to-broadcasters/">"U.S. judge blocks DeSantis admin's threats to broadcasters over Amendment 4 ads"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=U.S.+judge+blocks+DeSantis+admin%E2%80%99s+threats+to+broadcasters+over+Amendment+4+ads&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffloridaphoenix.com%2F2024%2F10%2F17%2Ffederal-judge-rebukes-attorney-defending-desantis-admins-threats-to-broadcasters%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+E.+Walker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Walker&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/1394066">Mark E. Walker</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Mark_E._Walker">Mark E. Walker</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ballotpedia" title="Ballotpedia">Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/112/chrg/CHRG-112shrg76131/CHRG-112shrg76131.pdf">Senate Judiciary Committee Questionnaire (Page 740)</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Stephan_P._Mickle" title="Stephan P. Mickle">Stephan P. Mickle</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida</a> </b><br />2012–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded&#160;by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/M._Casey_Rodgers" title="M. Casey Rodgers">M. Casey Rodgers</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida</a></span> </b><br />2018–present </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Active_district_judges_of_the_Eleventh_Circuit_Court_of_Appeals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_11th_Circuit_district_judges" title="Template:United States 11th Circuit district judges"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_11th_Circuit_district_judges" title="Template talk:United States 11th Circuit district judges"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_11th_Circuit_district_judges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States 11th Circuit district judges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Active_district_judges_of_the_Eleventh_Circuit_Court_of_Appeals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Active district judges of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama">M. Alabama</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Emily_C._Marks" title="Emily C. Marks">Marks</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Austin_Huffaker_Jr." title="R. Austin Huffaker Jr.">Huffaker</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama">N. Alabama</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/R._David_Proctor" title="R. David Proctor">Proctor</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Scott_Coogler" title="L. Scott Coogler">Coogler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeline_Haikala" title="Madeline Haikala">Haikala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annemarie_Axon" title="Annemarie Axon">Axon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liles_C._Burke" title="Liles C. Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corey_L._Maze" title="Corey L. Maze">Maze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_M._Manasco" title="Anna M. Manasco">Manasco</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama">S. Alabama</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Beaverstock" title="Jeff Beaverstock">Beaverstock</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristi_DuBose" title="Kristi DuBose">DuBose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_F._Moorer" title="Terry F. Moorer">Moorer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">M. Florida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Morales_Howard" title="Marcia Morales Howard">Howard</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Douglas_Merryday" title="Steven Douglas Merryday">Merryday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stenson_Scriven" title="Mary Stenson Scriven">Scriven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheri_Polster_Chappell" title="Sheri Polster Chappell">Chappell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_G._Byron" title="Paul G. Byron">Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_E._Mendoza" title="Carlos E. Mendoza">Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Jung" title="William F. Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Barber_(judge)" title="Thomas Barber (judge)">Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Berger" title="Wendy Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Badalamenti" title="John Badalamenti">Badalamenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Kimball_Mizelle" title="Kathryn Kimball Mizelle">Mizelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_S._Sneed" title="Julie S. Sneed">Sneed</a></li> <li><i>3 seats vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">N. Florida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Walker</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Casey_Rodgers" title="M. Casey Rodgers">Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Winsor" title="Allen Winsor">Winsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Kent_Wetherell_II" title="T. Kent Wetherell II">Wetherell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">S. Florida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Altonaga" title="Cecilia Altonaga">Altonaga</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Michael_Moore" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevin Michael Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_M._Middlebrooks" title="Donald M. Middlebrooks">Middlebrooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dimitrouleas" title="William Dimitrouleas">Dimitrouleas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_E._Martinez" title="Jose E. Martinez">Martinez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_M._Williams" title="Kathleen M. Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrin_P._Gayles" title="Darrin P. Gayles">Gayles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Bloom" title="Beth Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_L._Rosenberg" title="Robin L. Rosenberg">Rosenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Altman" title="Roy Altman">Altman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Ruiz" title="Rodolfo Ruiz">Ruiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Smith_(judge)" title="Rodney Smith (judge)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raag_Singhal" title="Raag Singhal">Singhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aileen_Cannon" title="Aileen Cannon">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Becerra" title="Jacqueline Becerra">Becerra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_S._Leibowitz" title="David S. Leibowitz">Leibowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa_Damian" title="Melissa Damian">Damian</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia">M. Georgia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Abrams_Gardner" title="Leslie Abrams Gardner">Gardner</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_D._Land" title="Clay D. Land">Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_T._Treadwell" title="Marc T. Treadwell">Treadwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripp_Self" title="Tripp Self">Self</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">N. Georgia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Batten" title="Timothy Batten">Batten</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_C._Jones" title="Steve C. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leigh_Martin_May" title="Leigh Martin May">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Howard_Cohen" title="Mark Howard Cohen">Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_L._Ross" title="Eleanor L. Ross">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lawrence_Brown" title="Michael Lawrence Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Ray_II" title="William M. Ray II">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._P._Boulee" title="J. P. Boulee">Boulee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_D._Grimberg" title="Steven D. Grimberg">Grimberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Calvert" title="Victoria Calvert">Calvert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Geraghty" title="Sarah Geraghty">Geraghty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia">S. Georgia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/R._Stan_Baker" title="R. Stan Baker">Baker</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Godbey_Wood" title="Lisa Godbey Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Randal_Hall" title="James Randal Hall">Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6767470#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6767470#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6767470#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000095086126">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/140058428">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJbtwFRqBHRJHXT9fbKyBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2006000647">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007430045605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6650frn">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐w92j9 Cached time: 20241122151753 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.684 seconds Real time usage: 0.857 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 9929/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 83117/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4625/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 104187/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.390/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7876096/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 778.122 1 -total 31.75% 247.060 1 Template:Reflist 30.75% 239.250 1 Template:Infobox_judge 22.78% 177.254 21 Template:Cite_web 12.93% 100.608 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office 11.75% 91.466 1 Template:United_States_11th_Circuit_district_judges 11.48% 89.332 1 Template:Navbox 9.03% 70.227 1 Template:Short_description 5.36% 41.672 2 Template:Pagetype 4.61% 35.836 1 Template:Country2nationality --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:34767222-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122151753 and revision id 1252736865. 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