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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Exchange Variation: 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exchange_Variation:_4.cxd5_Nxd5_5.e4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_System:_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Qb3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_System:_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Qb3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Russian System: 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Qb3</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Russian_System:_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Qb3-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Russian System: 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Qb3 subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Russian_System:_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Qb3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hungarian_Variation:_7...a6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungarian_Variation:_7...a6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Hungarian Variation: 7...a6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungarian_Variation:_7...a6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Smyslov_Variation:_7...Bg4_8.Be3_Nfd7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Smyslov_Variation:_7...Bg4_8.Be3_Nfd7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Smyslov Variation: 7...Bg4 8.Be3 Nfd7</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Smyslov_Variation:_7...Bg4_8.Be3_Nfd7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prins_Variation:_7...Na6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prins_Variation:_7...Na6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Prins Variation: 7...Na6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prins_Variation:_7...Na6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Byrne_Variation:_7...Nc6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Byrne_Variation:_7...Nc6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Byrne Variation: 7...Nc6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Byrne_Variation:_7...Nc6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_lines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_lines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Other lines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_lines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taimanov_Variation_(aka_Petrosian_Variation):_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Bg5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taimanov_Variation_(aka_Petrosian_Variation):_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Bg5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Taimanov Variation (aka Petrosian Variation): 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bg5</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taimanov_Variation_(aka_Petrosian_Variation):_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Bg5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lines_with_4.Bf4_and_the_Grünfeld_Gambit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lines_with_4.Bf4_and_the_Grünfeld_Gambit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lines with 4.Bf4 and the Grünfeld Gambit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lines_with_4.Bf4_and_the_Grünfeld_Gambit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neo-Grünfeld_Defence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neo-Grünfeld_Defence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Neo-Grünfeld Defence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neo-Grünfeld_Defence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Other variations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illustrative_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illustrative_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Illustrative games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illustrative_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grünfeld Defence</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qr%C3%BCnfeld_m%C3%BCdafi%C9%99si_(%C5%9Fahmat)" title="Qrünfeld müdafiəsi (şahmat) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qrünfeld müdafiəsi (şahmat)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensa_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Defensa Grünfeld – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Defensa Grünfeld" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeldova_indick%C3%A1_obrana" title="Grünfeldova indická obrana – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Grünfeldova indická obrana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeld-Indische_Verteidigung" title="Grünfeld-Indische Verteidigung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grünfeld-Indische Verteidigung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeldi_kaitse" title="Grünfeldi kaitse – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Grünfeldi kaitse" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BC%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Άμυνα Γκρίνφελντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άμυνα Γκρίνφελντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensa_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Defensa Grünfeld – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Defensa Grünfeld" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defendo_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Defendo Grünfeld – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Defendo Grünfeld" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D8%AF" title="دفاع گرونفلد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دفاع گرونفلد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9fense_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Défense Grünfeld – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Défense Grünfeld" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeldsv%C3%B6rn" title="Grünfeldsvörn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grünfeldsvörn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difesa_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Difesa Grünfeld – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Difesa Grünfeld" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%93" title="הגנת גרינפלד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הגנת גרינפלד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Грюнфельд қорғанысы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Грюнфельд қорғанысы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%ABnfelda_aizsardz%C4%ABba" title="Grīnfelda aizsardzība – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Grīnfelda aizsardzība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeld-Indesch_Verdeedegung" title="Grünfeld-Indesch Verdeedegung – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Grünfeld-Indesch Verdeedegung" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griunfeldo_gynyba" title="Griunfeldo gynyba – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Griunfeldo gynyba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гринфелдова одбрана – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гринфелдова одбрана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%82" title="ഗ്ര്വൻഫെൽഡ് പ്രതിരോധം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്ര്വൻഫെൽഡ് പ്രതിരോധം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeld-Indisch" title="Grünfeld-Indisch – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grünfeld-Indisch" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" title="グリュエンフェルド・ディフェンス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グリュエンフェルド・ディフェンス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeld_(sjakk%C3%A5pning)" title="Grünfeld (sjakkåpning) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grünfeld (sjakkåpning)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensa_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Defensa Grünfeld – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Defensa Grünfeld" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeld-Indisch_Verteidigung" title="Grünfeld-Indisch Verteidigung – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Grünfeld-Indisch Verteidigung" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obrona_Gr%C3%BCnfelda" title="Obrona Grünfelda – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Obrona Grünfelda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defesa_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Defesa Grünfeld – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Defesa Grünfeld" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Защита Грюнфельда – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Защита Грюнфельда" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гринфелдова индијска одбрана – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гринфелдова индијска одбрана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeldin_puolustus" title="Grünfeldin puolustus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Grünfeldin puolustus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeldindiskt_f%C3%B6rsvar" title="Grünfeldindiskt försvar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grünfeldindiskt försvar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D2%90%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Захист Ґрюнфельда – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Захист Ґрюнфельда" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E8%8F%B2%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E9%98%B2%E7%A6%A6" title="格林菲爾德防禦 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格林菲爾德防禦" data-language-autonym="中文" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chess opening</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Grünfeld Defence</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="thumb noviewer"><div class="center" style="line-height:130%;margin:0 auto;max-width:254px"> </div><div class="thumbinner" style="width:246px"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:88%;border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0;margin:auto"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:26px">8</td><td colspan="8" rowspan="8" style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit"><div 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data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:26px;left:0px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7 black pawn"><img alt="a7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:26px;left:26px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7 black pawn"><img alt="b7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:26px;left:52px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7 black pawn"><img alt="c7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:26px;left:104px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7 black pawn"><img alt="e7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:26px;left:130px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7 black pawn"><img alt="f7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:26px;left:182px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7 black pawn"><img alt="h7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:52px;left:130px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f6 black knight"><img alt="f6 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/26px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/39px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/52px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:52px;left:156px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6 black pawn"><img alt="g6 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:78px;left:78px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5 black pawn"><img alt="d5 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/26px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/39px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/52px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:104px;left:52px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c4 white pawn"><img alt="c4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:104px;left:78px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4 white pawn"><img alt="d4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:130px;left:52px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3 white knight"><img alt="c3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/26px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/39px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/52px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:156px;left:0px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2 white pawn"><img alt="a2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:156px;left:26px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2 white pawn"><img alt="b2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:156px;left:104px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e2 white pawn"><img alt="e2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:156px;left:130px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2 white pawn"><img alt="f2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:156px;left:156px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2 white pawn"><img alt="g2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:156px;left:182px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2 white pawn"><img alt="h2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/26px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/39px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/52px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:182px;left:0px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1 white rook"><img alt="a1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/26px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/39px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/52px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:182px;left:52px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c1 white bishop"><img alt="c1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/26px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/39px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/52px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:182px;left:78px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d1 white queen"><img alt="d1 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/26px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/39px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/52px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:182px;left:104px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1 white king"><img alt="e1 white king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/26px-Chess_klt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/39px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/52px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:182px;left:130px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1 white bishop"><img alt="f1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/26px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/39px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/52px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:182px;left:156px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g1 white knight"><img alt="g1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/26px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/39px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/52px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:182px;left:182px;width:26px;height:26px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1 white rook"><img alt="h1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/26px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/39px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/52px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div></div></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:26px">8</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">7</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">7</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">6</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">6</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">5</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">5</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">4</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">3</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">2</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">1</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:26px">1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:26px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Moves</th><td class="infobox-data">1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Chess_Openings" title="Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings">ECO</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data">D70–D99</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Bad Pistyan, <a href="/wiki/Pie%C5%A1%C5%A5any" title="Piešťany">Piešťany</a>, 1922</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Named after</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Ernst Grünfeld">Ernst Grünfeld</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Indian_Defence" title="King's Indian Defence">King's Indian Defence</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Grünfeld Defence</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Chess_opening" title="Chess opening">chess opening</a> characterised by the moves: </p> <dl><dd>1. <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory/1._d4" class="extiw" title="b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4">d4</a> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory/1._d4/1...Nf6" class="extiw" title="b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...Nf6">Nf6</a></dd> <dd>2. <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory/1._d4/1...Nf6/2._c4" class="extiw" title="b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...Nf6/2. c4">c4</a> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory/1._d4/1...Nf6/2._c4/2...g6" class="extiw" title="b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...Nf6/2. c4/2...g6">g6</a></dd> <dd>3. <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory/1._d4/1...Nf6/2._c4/2...g6/3._Nc3" class="extiw" title="b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...Nf6/2. c4/2...g6/3. Nc3">Nc3</a> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory/1._d4/1...Nf6/2._c4/2...g6/3._Nc3/3...d5" class="extiw" title="b:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...Nf6/2. c4/2...g6/3. Nc3/3...d5">d5</a></dd></dl> <p>Black offers White the possibility of 4.cxd5, which may be followed by 4...Nxd5 and 5.e4, giving White an imposing <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#center_pawn" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § center pawn" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">central pawn</span></a></dfn> duo. If White does not take the d5-pawn, Black may eventually play ...dxc4, when a White response of e4 again leads to the same <a href="/wiki/Pawn_structure" title="Pawn structure">pawn structure</a>. In classical opening theory this imposing <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#pawn_centre" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § pawn centre" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">pawn centre</span></a></dfn> was held to give White a large advantage, but the <a href="/wiki/Hypermodernism_(chess)" title="Hypermodernism (chess)">hypermodern</a> school, which was coming to the fore in the 1920s, held that a large pawn centre could be a liability rather than an asset. The Grünfeld is therefore a key hypermodern opening, showing in stark terms how a large pawn centre can either be a powerful battering ram or a target for attack. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141322084">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tocleft{width:100%!important}}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tocleft{float:left;clear:left;width:auto;margin:0 1em 0.5em 0}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output .tocleft{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .tocleft-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .tocleft-clear-none{clear:none}}</style><div class="tocleft" style=""><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1097430093">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .algebraic-notation-toc{float:left}}</style><div role="note" class="side-box metadata side-box-left algebraic-notation algebraic-notation-toc"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This article uses <a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">algebraic notation</a> to describe chess moves.</div></div> </div><div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first instance of this opening is in an 1855 game by <a href="/wiki/Moheschunder_Bannerjee" title="Moheschunder Bannerjee">Moheschunder Bannerjee</a>, an Indian player who had transitioned from <a href="/wiki/Indian_chess" title="Indian chess">Indian chess</a> rules, playing Black against <a href="/wiki/John_Cochrane_(chess_player)" title="John Cochrane (chess player)">John Cochrane</a> in Calcutta, in May 1855: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996643573">.mw-parser-output .block-indent{padding-left:3em;padding-right:0;overflow:hidden}</style><div class="block-indent">1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.e3 Bg7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.cxd5 Nxd5 7.Be2 Nxc3 8.bxc3 c5 9.0-0 cxd4 10.cxd4 Nc6 11.Bb2 Bg4 12.Rc1 Rc8 13.Ba3 Qa5 14.Qb3 Rfe8 15.Rc5 Qb6 16.Rb5 Qd8 17.Ng5 Bxe2 18.Nxf7 Na5</div> <p>and White <a href="/wiki/Checkmate" title="Checkmate">mates</a> in three (19.Nh6+ <a href="/wiki/Double_check" title="Double check">double check</a> Kh8 20.Qg8+ Rxg8 21.Nf7<a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)##" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">#</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cochrane published a book reporting his games with Moheshchunder and other Indians in 1864. </p><p>It gained popularity after <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Ernst Grünfeld">Ernst Grünfeld</a> introduced it into international play at the Bad Pistyan Tournament 7-28 April 1922, where, in his first game with the defense, he drew <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_S%C3%A4misch" title="Friedrich Sämisch">Friedrich Sämisch</a> in 22 moves.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later the same year on November 18, 1922, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Gr%C3%BCnfeld" title="Ernst Grünfeld">Ernst Grünfeld</a> defeated future world champion <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Alekhine" title="Alexander Alekhine">Alexander Alekhine</a> in Vienna in 55 moves. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grünfeld usually employed a very classical style. The defence was later adopted by a number of prominent players, including <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Smyslov" title="Vasily Smyslov">Vasily Smyslov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Korchnoi" title="Viktor Korchnoi">Viktor Korchnoi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Stein" title="Leonid Stein">Leonid Stein</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer" title="Bobby Fischer">Bobby Fischer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a> often used the defence, including in his <a href="/wiki/Chess_world_championship" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess world championship">World Championship</a> matches against <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov">Anatoly Karpov</a> in 1986, 1987 and 1990, and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik">Vladimir Kramnik</a> in 2000. </p><p>Notable 21st-century players who have employed the opening include <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Carlsen" title="Magnus Carlsen">Magnus Carlsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maxime_Vachier-Lagrave" title="Maxime Vachier-Lagrave">Maxime Vachier-Lagrave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loek_van_Wely" title="Loek van Wely">Loek van Wely</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Svidler" title="Peter Svidler">Peter Svidler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Leko" title="Peter Leko">Peter Leko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viswanathan_Anand" title="Viswanathan Anand">Viswanathan Anand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luke_McShane" title="Luke McShane">Luke McShane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Nepomniachtchi" title="Ian Nepomniachtchi">Ian Nepomniachtchi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gata_Kamsky" title="Gata Kamsky">Gata Kamsky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CG_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CG-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand employed it twice in the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2010" title="World Chess Championship 2010">World Chess Championship 2010</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2012" title="World Chess Championship 2012">World Chess Championship 2012</a> between Anand and <a href="/wiki/Boris_Gelfand" title="Boris Gelfand">Boris Gelfand</a>, each player used the Grünfeld once with both games ending in draws. Anand faced the Grünfeld against <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Carlsen" title="Magnus Carlsen">Magnus Carlsen</a> during the first game of the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2014" title="World Chess Championship 2014">World Chess Championship 2014</a> and drew in a Rook and Queen ending. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Game_of_the_Century_(chess)" title="Game of the Century (chess)">Game of the Century</a> between <a href="/wiki/Donald_Byrne" title="Donald Byrne">Donald Byrne</a> and 13-year-old Bobby Fischer on October 17, 1956, featured this opening, although arriving in the Grünfeld via a <a href="/wiki/Transposition_(chess)" title="Transposition (chess)">transposition</a> of moves (using 1.Nf3 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.d4 0-0 5.Bf4 d5). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exchange_Variation:_4.cxd5_Nxd5_5.e4">Exchange Variation: 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 <span class="anchor" id="Exchange_Variation"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Exchange Variation: 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb noviewer tright"><div class="center" style="line-height:130%;margin:0 auto;max-width:222px"> </div><div class="thumbinner" style="width:214px"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:88%;border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0;margin:auto"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td><td colspan="8" rowspan="8" style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit"><div class="chess-board notheme" style="position:relative"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/176px-Chessboard480.svg.png" decoding="async" width="176" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/264px-Chessboard480.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/352px-Chessboard480.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a8 black rook"><img alt="a8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b8 black knight"><img alt="b8 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c8 black bishop"><img alt="c8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8 black queen"><img alt="d8 black queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/22px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/33px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/44px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e8 black king"><img alt="e8 black king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/22px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/33px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/44px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f8 black bishop"><img alt="f8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h8 black rook"><img alt="h8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7 black pawn"><img alt="a7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7 black pawn"><img alt="b7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7 black pawn"><img alt="c7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7 black pawn"><img alt="e7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7 black pawn"><img alt="f7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7 black pawn"><img alt="h7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6 black pawn"><img alt="g6 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:66px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5 black knight"><img alt="d5 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4 white pawn"><img alt="d4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e4 white pawn"><img alt="e4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3 white knight"><img alt="c3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2 white pawn"><img alt="a2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2 white pawn"><img alt="b2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2 white pawn"><img alt="f2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2 white pawn"><img alt="g2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2 white pawn"><img alt="h2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1 white rook"><img alt="a1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c1 white bishop"><img alt="c1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d1 white queen"><img alt="d1 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/22px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/33px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/44px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1 white king"><img alt="e1 white king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/22px-Chess_klt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/33px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/44px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1 white bishop"><img alt="f1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g1 white knight"><img alt="g1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1 white rook"><img alt="h1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div></div></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="thumbcaption"> Exchange Variation </div></div></div> <p>The main line of the Grünfeld, the <b>Exchange Variation</b> (<i>ECO</i> codes D85–D89), is defined by the continuation 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4. Now White has an imposing looking centre – and the main continuation 5...Nxc3 6.bxc3 strengthens it still further. Black generally attacks White's centre with ...c5 and ...Bg7, often followed by moves such as ...Qa5, ...cxd4, ...Bg4 and ...Nc6. White often uses their big centre to launch an attack against Black's king. One subvariation, frequently played by Karpov, including four games of his 1987 world championship match against Kasparov in <a href="/wiki/Seville,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Seville, Spain">Seville, Spain</a>, is the Seville Variation, after 6...Bg7 7.Bc4 c5 8.Ne2 Nc6 9.Be3 0-0 10.0-0 Bg4 11.f3 Na5 12.Bxf7+, long thought a poor move by theory, as the resultant dark-square weakness had been believed to give Black more than enough <a href="/wiki/Compensation_(chess)" title="Compensation (chess)">compensation</a> for the pawn. </p><p>White can <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#develop" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § develop" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">develop</span></a></dfn> their pieces in a number of ways in the Exchange Variation. For decades, theory held that the correct method of development was with Bc4 and Ne2, often followed by 0-0 and f4–f5, playing for a central breakthrough or kingside attack. It was generally thought that an early Nf3 was weak in the Exchange Variation because it allowed Black too much pressure on the centre with ...Bg4. In the late 1970s, however, Karpov, Kasparov and others found different methods to play the Exchange Variation with White, often involving an early Rb1 to remove the rook from the sensitive a1–h8 diagonal, as well as attempting to hinder the development of Black's <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#queenside" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § queenside" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">queenside</span></a></dfn>. Another, relatively recently developed system involves quickly playing Be3, Qd2 and Rc1 or Rd1 to fortify White's centre, remove White's rook from the diagonal and possibly enable an early d5 push by White. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik">Vladimir Kramnik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boris_Gelfand" title="Boris Gelfand">Boris Gelfand</a> are the leading practitioners as White, and <a href="/wiki/%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr_Ft%C3%A1%C4%8Dnik" title="Ľubomír Ftáčnik">Ľubomír Ftáčnik</a> has had many fine results with the black pieces.<sup id="cite_ref-CG_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CG-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Russian_System:_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Qb3">Russian System: 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Qb3 <span class="anchor" id="Russian_System"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Russian System: 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Qb3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb noviewer tright"><div class="center" style="line-height:130%;margin:0 auto;max-width:222px"> </div><div class="thumbinner" style="width:214px"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:88%;border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0;margin:auto"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td><td colspan="8" rowspan="8" style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit"><div class="chess-board notheme" style="position:relative"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/176px-Chessboard480.svg.png" decoding="async" width="176" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/264px-Chessboard480.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/352px-Chessboard480.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a8 black rook"><img alt="a8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b8 black knight"><img alt="b8 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c8 black bishop"><img alt="c8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8 black queen"><img alt="d8 black queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/22px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/33px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/44px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e8 black king"><img alt="e8 black king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/22px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/33px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/44px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h8 black rook"><img alt="h8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7 black pawn"><img alt="a7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7 black pawn"><img alt="b7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7 black pawn"><img alt="c7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7 black pawn"><img alt="e7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7 black pawn"><img alt="f7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g7 black bishop"><img alt="g7 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7 black pawn"><img alt="h7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f6 black knight"><img alt="f6 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6 black pawn"><img alt="g6 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:66px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5 black pawn"><img alt="d5 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c4 white pawn"><img alt="c4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4 white pawn"><img alt="d4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b3 white queen"><img alt="b3 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/22px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/33px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/44px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3 white knight"><img alt="c3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f3 white knight"><img alt="f3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2 white pawn"><img alt="a2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2 white pawn"><img alt="b2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e2 white pawn"><img alt="e2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2 white pawn"><img alt="f2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2 white pawn"><img alt="g2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2 white pawn"><img alt="h2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1 white rook"><img alt="a1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c1 white bishop"><img alt="c1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1 white king"><img alt="e1 white king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/22px-Chess_klt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/33px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/44px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1 white bishop"><img alt="f1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1 white rook"><img alt="h1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div></div></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="thumbcaption"> Russian System 5.Qb3 </div></div></div> <p>In bringing more pressure to bear against Black's central outpost on d5, White practically forces ...dxc4, thus gaining a central preponderance; however, in return, their queen will often be exposed as Black's queenside play unfolds in the middlegame. After 5...dxc4 6.Qxc4 0-0 7.e4 Black has several primary options: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungarian_Variation:_7...a6">Hungarian Variation: 7...a6 <span class="anchor" id="Hungarian_Variation"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hungarian Variation: 7...a6"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hungarian Variation, 7...a6, has been championed by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Leko" title="Peter Leko">Peter Leko</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Smyslov_Variation:_7...Bg4_8.Be3_Nfd7">Smyslov Variation: 7...Bg4 8.Be3 Nfd7 <span class="anchor" id="Smyslov_Variation"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Smyslov Variation: 7...Bg4 8.Be3 Nfd7"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Named after <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Smyslov" title="Vasily Smyslov">Vasily Smyslov</a>, 7...Bg4 8.Be3 Nfd7 was a topical line from the 1950s through the mid-1970s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prins_Variation:_7...Na6">Prins Variation: 7...Na6 <span class="anchor" id="Prins_Variation"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Prins Variation: 7...Na6"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>7...Na6 is <a href="/wiki/Lodewijk_Prins" title="Lodewijk Prins">Lodewijk Prins</a>'s idea, which Kasparov favoured in several of his World Championship matches against Karpov.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Byrne_Variation:_7...Nc6">Byrne Variation: 7...Nc6 <span class="anchor" id="Byrne_Variation"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Byrne Variation: 7...Nc6"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This line is commonly seen in recent games.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 7...Nc6, White will most commonly play 8.Be2, followed by 8...e5! 9.d5 Nd4 10.Nxd4 exd4 11.Qxd4. A pawn sacrifice to develop Black's pieces and generate active counterplay. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_lines">Other lines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other lines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>7...c6, 7...b6 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taimanov_Variation_(aka_Petrosian_Variation):_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Bg5"><span id="Taimanov_Variation_.28aka_Petrosian_Variation.29:_4.Nf3_Bg7_5.Bg5"></span>Taimanov Variation (aka Petrosian Variation): 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bg5 <span class="anchor" id="Taimanov_Variation"></span><span class="anchor" id="Petrosian_Variation"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Taimanov Variation (aka Petrosian Variation): 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bg5"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb noviewer tright"><div class="center" style="line-height:130%;margin:0 auto;max-width:222px"> </div><div class="thumbinner" style="width:214px"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:88%;border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0;margin:auto"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td><td colspan="8" rowspan="8" style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit"><div class="chess-board notheme" style="position:relative"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/176px-Chessboard480.svg.png" decoding="async" width="176" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/264px-Chessboard480.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/352px-Chessboard480.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a8 black rook"><img alt="a8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b8 black knight"><img alt="b8 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c8 black bishop"><img alt="c8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8 black queen"><img alt="d8 black queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/22px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/33px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/44px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e8 black king"><img alt="e8 black king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/22px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/33px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/44px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h8 black rook"><img alt="h8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7 black pawn"><img alt="a7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7 black pawn"><img alt="b7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7 black pawn"><img alt="c7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7 black pawn"><img alt="e7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7 black pawn"><img alt="f7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g7 black bishop"><img alt="g7 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7 black pawn"><img alt="h7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f6 black knight"><img alt="f6 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6 black pawn"><img alt="g6 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:66px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5 black pawn"><img alt="d5 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:66px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g5 white bishop"><img alt="g5 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c4 white pawn"><img alt="c4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4 white pawn"><img alt="d4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3 white knight"><img alt="c3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f3 white knight"><img alt="f3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2 white pawn"><img alt="a2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2 white pawn"><img alt="b2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e2 white pawn"><img alt="e2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2 white pawn"><img alt="f2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2 white pawn"><img alt="g2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2 white pawn"><img alt="h2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1 white rook"><img alt="a1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d1 white queen"><img alt="d1 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/22px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/33px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/44px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1 white king"><img alt="e1 white king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/22px-Chess_klt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/33px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/44px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1 white bishop"><img alt="f1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1 white rook"><img alt="h1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div></div></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="thumbcaption"> Taimanov Variation 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bg5 </div></div></div> <p>In this line, favoured by <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Seirawan" title="Yasser Seirawan">Yasser Seirawan</a>, after the nearly universal 5...Ne4, White plays 6.Bh4 or 6.cxd5, with Black then opting for either 6...Nxc3 7.bxc3 dxc4 or 6...Nxg5 7.Nxg5 e6. In the latter case, 7...c6 is sometimes tried. 6.Nxd5<a href="/wiki/Chess_annotation_symbols#?" title="Chess annotation symbols">?</a> grabbing the pawn loses a piece after 6...Nxg5 7.Nxg5 e6. After 6.cxd5 Nxg5 7.Nxg5 e6, White has 8.Qd2 exd5 9.Qe3+, with attacking chances (though the interpolation 8...h6 9.Nf3 exd5 is a significant alternative), or the more usual 8.Nf3 exd5 after which play generally proceeds on lines analogous to the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gambit_Declined" title="Queen's Gambit Declined">Queen's Gambit Declined</a>, Exchange Variation, with a queenside minority attack by White (b2–b4–b5xc6), as Black aims for their traditional kingside play with f7–f5–f4 and, in this case, g6–g5. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lines_with_4.Bf4_and_the_Grünfeld_Gambit"><span id="Lines_with_4.Bf4_and_the_Gr.C3.BCnfeld_Gambit"></span>Lines with 4.Bf4 and the Grünfeld Gambit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Lines with 4.Bf4 and the Grünfeld Gambit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb noviewer tright"><div class="center" style="line-height:130%;margin:0 auto;max-width:222px"> </div><div class="thumbinner" style="width:214px"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:88%;border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0;margin:auto"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td><td colspan="8" rowspan="8" style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit"><div class="chess-board notheme" style="position:relative"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/176px-Chessboard480.svg.png" decoding="async" width="176" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/264px-Chessboard480.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/352px-Chessboard480.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a8 black rook"><img alt="a8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b8 black knight"><img alt="b8 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c8 black bishop"><img alt="c8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8 black queen"><img alt="d8 black queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/22px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/33px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/44px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e8 black king"><img alt="e8 black king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/22px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/33px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/44px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f8 black bishop"><img alt="f8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h8 black rook"><img alt="h8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7 black pawn"><img alt="a7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7 black pawn"><img alt="b7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7 black pawn"><img alt="c7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7 black pawn"><img alt="e7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7 black pawn"><img alt="f7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7 black pawn"><img alt="h7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f6 black knight"><img alt="f6 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6 black pawn"><img alt="g6 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:66px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5 black pawn"><img alt="d5 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c4 white pawn"><img alt="c4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4 white pawn"><img alt="d4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f4 white bishop"><img alt="f4 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3 white knight"><img alt="c3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2 white pawn"><img alt="a2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2 white pawn"><img alt="b2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e2 white pawn"><img alt="e2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2 white pawn"><img alt="f2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2 white pawn"><img alt="g2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2 white pawn"><img alt="h2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1 white rook"><img alt="a1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d1 white queen"><img alt="d1 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/22px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/33px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/44px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1 white king"><img alt="e1 white king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/22px-Chess_klt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/33px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/44px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1 white bishop"><img alt="f1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g1 white knight"><img alt="g1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1 white rook"><img alt="h1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div></div></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="thumbcaption"> 4.Bf4 </div></div></div> <p>For players who do not wish to take on the complexities of the Exchange Variation, the move 4.Bf4 is generally considered a safer continuation for White.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> White opts for the initiative on the queenside with a smaller pawn centre. In the main line (D82), play proceeds with 4...Bg7 5.e3 c5 6.dxc5 Qa5, with White's choices at their seventh move being cxd5, Qb3, Qa4, or Rc1. Despite its reputation, in <a href="/wiki/Statistical_database" title="Statistical database">statistical databases</a> this variation shows only a slightly higher percentage of White wins and draws, as opposed to the Exchange Variation.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The variation is not often met in top-flight play today, its usage having declined significantly since its heyday in the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="Current citation is games database that requires reader interpretation (April 2021)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="thumb noviewer tright"><div class="center" style="line-height:130%;margin:0 auto;max-width:222px"> </div><div class="thumbinner" style="width:214px"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:88%;border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0;margin:auto"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td><td colspan="8" rowspan="8" style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit"><div class="chess-board notheme" style="position:relative"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/176px-Chessboard480.svg.png" decoding="async" width="176" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/264px-Chessboard480.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/352px-Chessboard480.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a8 black rook"><img alt="a8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b8 black knight"><img alt="b8 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c8 black bishop"><img alt="c8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8 black queen"><img alt="d8 black queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/22px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/33px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/44px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f8 black rook"><img alt="f8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g8 black king"><img alt="g8 black king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/22px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/33px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/44px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7 black pawn"><img alt="a7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7 black pawn"><img alt="b7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7 black pawn"><img alt="c7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7 black pawn"><img alt="e7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7 black pawn"><img alt="f7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g7 black bishop"><img alt="g7 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7 black pawn"><img alt="h7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f6 black knight"><img alt="f6 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6 black pawn"><img alt="g6 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:66px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5 black pawn"><img alt="d5 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c4 white pawn"><img alt="c4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4 white pawn"><img alt="d4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f4 white bishop"><img alt="f4 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3 white knight"><img alt="c3 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e3 white pawn"><img alt="e3 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2 white pawn"><img alt="a2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2 white pawn"><img alt="b2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2 white pawn"><img alt="f2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2 white pawn"><img alt="g2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2 white pawn"><img alt="h2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1 white rook"><img alt="a1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d1 white queen"><img alt="d1 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/22px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/33px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/44px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1 white king"><img alt="e1 white king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/22px-Chess_klt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/33px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/44px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1 white bishop"><img alt="f1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g1 white knight"><img alt="g1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1 white rook"><img alt="h1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div></div></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="thumbcaption"> Grünfeld Gambit </div></div></div> <p>In this variation, play may also continue 4.Bf4 Bg7 5.e3 0-0, which is known as the <b>Grünfeld Gambit</b> (<i>ECO</i> code D83). White can accept the gambit by playing 6.cxd5 Nxd5 7.Nxd5 Qxd5 8.Bxc7, or decline it with 6.Qb3 or 6.Rc1, to which Black responds with 6...c5. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Neo-Grünfeld_Defence"><span id="Neo-Gr.C3.BCnfeld_Defence"></span>Neo-Grünfeld Defence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Neo-Grünfeld Defence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb noviewer tright"><div class="center" style="line-height:130%;margin:0 auto;max-width:222px"> </div><div class="thumbinner" style="width:214px"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-size:88%;border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0;margin:auto"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td><td colspan="8" rowspan="8" style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit"><div class="chess-board notheme" style="position:relative"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/176px-Chessboard480.svg.png" decoding="async" width="176" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/264px-Chessboard480.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chessboard480.svg/352px-Chessboard480.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a8 black rook"><img alt="a8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b8 black knight"><img alt="b8 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c8 black bishop"><img alt="c8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8 black queen"><img alt="d8 black queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/22px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/33px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chess_qdt45.svg/44px-Chess_qdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e8 black king"><img alt="e8 black king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/22px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/33px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chess_kdt45.svg/44px-Chess_kdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f8 black bishop"><img alt="f8 black bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/22px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/33px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chess_bdt45.svg/44px-Chess_bdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:0px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h8 black rook"><img alt="h8 black rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/22px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/33px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chess_rdt45.svg/44px-Chess_rdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7 black pawn"><img alt="a7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7 black pawn"><img alt="b7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7 black pawn"><img alt="c7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7 black pawn"><img alt="e7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7 black pawn"><img alt="f7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:22px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7 black pawn"><img alt="h7 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f6 black knight"><img alt="f6 black knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/22px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/33px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chess_ndt45.svg/44px-Chess_ndt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:44px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6 black pawn"><img alt="g6 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:66px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5 black pawn"><img alt="d5 black pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/22px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/33px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_pdt45.svg/44px-Chess_pdt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c4 white pawn"><img alt="c4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:88px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4 white pawn"><img alt="d4 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:110px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g3 white pawn"><img alt="g3 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2 white pawn"><img alt="a2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2 white pawn"><img alt="b2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e2 white pawn"><img alt="e2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2 white pawn"><img alt="f2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:132px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2 white pawn"><img alt="h2 white pawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/22px-Chess_plt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/33px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chess_plt45.svg/44px-Chess_plt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:0px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1 white rook"><img alt="a1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:22px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="b1 white knight"><img alt="b1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:44px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="c1 white bishop"><img alt="c1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:66px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="d1 white queen"><img alt="d1 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/22px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/33px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chess_qlt45.svg/44px-Chess_qlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:88px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1 white king"><img alt="e1 white king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/22px-Chess_klt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/33px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Chess_klt45.svg/44px-Chess_klt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:110px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1 white bishop"><img alt="f1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/22px-Chess_blt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/33px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Chess_blt45.svg/44px-Chess_blt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:132px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="g1 white knight"><img alt="g1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/22px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/33px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_nlt45.svg/44px-Chess_nlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;z-index:3;top:154px;left:154px;width:22px;height:22px"><span class="mw-valign-top notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1 white rook"><img alt="h1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/22px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/33px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chess_rlt45.svg/44px-Chess_rlt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div></div></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;width:18px;height:22px">8</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">7</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">6</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">5</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">2</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:22px">1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">a</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">b</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">c</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">d</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">e</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">f</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">g</td><td style="padding:0;vertical-align:inherit;text-align:center;height:18px;width:22px">h</td><td style="vertical-align:inherit;padding:0"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="thumbcaption"> Neo-Grünfeld Defence </div></div></div> <p>Systems in which White delays the development Nc3 are known as the <b>Neo-Grünfeld Defence</b> (<i>ECO</i> code D70–D79); typical move orders are 1.d4 Nf6 2.g3 g6 3.c4 d5 or, more commonly, 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 d5 (the latter is known as the Kemeri Variation). </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_variations">Other variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apart from the above, among the more popular continuations are: </p> <ul><li>4.Qb3 (Accelerated Russian System) <i>ECO</i> D81</li> <li>4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Qa4+ (Flohr Variation) <i>ECO</i> D90</li> <li>4.Nf3 Bg7 5.e3 (Quiet System or Slow System) <i>ECO</i> D94</li> <li>4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.Na4 (<a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence,_Nadanian_Variation" title="Grünfeld Defence, Nadanian Variation">Nadanian Variation</a>) <i>ECO</i> D85</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illustrative_games">Illustrative games</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Illustrative games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Smyslov vs. Fischer, Herceg Novi Blitz Tournament, 1970: <br />1.c4 g6 2.g3 Bg7 3.Bg2 Nf6 4.Nf3 0-0 5.0-0 c6 6.d4 d5 7.cxd5 cxd5 8.Nc3 Ne4 9.Qb3 Nc6 10.Be3 Na5 11.Qd1 Nxc3 12.bxc3 b6 13.Ne5 Ba6 14.Re1 Rc8 15.Bd2 e6 16.e4 Bb7 17.exd5 Bxd5 18.Bxd5 Qxd5 19.Qe2 Rfd8 20.Ng4 Nc4 21.Bh6 f5 22.Bxg7 Kxg7 23.Ne3 Nxe3 24.Qxe3 Rc6 25.Rac1 Rdc8 26.c4 Rxc4 27.Rxc4 Rxc4 28.Qxe6 Qxe6 29.Rxe6 Kf7 30.Re3 Rxd4 31.Ra3 a5 32.Rc3 Ke6 33.Kg2 Kd6 34.h4 Ra4 35.Rc2 b5 36.Kf3 b4 37.Ke3 Kd5 38.f3 Ra3+ 39.Kf4 a4 40.g4 fxg4 41.fxg4 b3 42.axb3 axb3 43.Rc7 Ra4+ 44.Kg5 Rb4 45.Rc1 Kd4 46.Kh6 Rb7 <a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)#0–1" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">0–1</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_openings" title="List of chess openings">List of chess openings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_openings_named_after_people" title="List of chess openings named after people">List of chess openings named after people</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Winter_(chess_historian)" title="Edward Winter (chess historian)">Edward Winter</a>, <i>Kings, Commoners and Knaves: Further Chess Explorations</i>, Russell Enterprises, Inc., 1999, p. 141. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-888690-04-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-888690-04-6">1-888690-04-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1336349">"John Cochrane vs. Bonnerjee Mohishunder (1855)"</a>. <i>www.chessgames.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221035633/http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1336349">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.chessgames.com&rft.atitle=John+Cochrane+vs.+Bonnerjee+Mohishunder+%281855%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fchessgame%3Fgid%3D1336349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1006881">"Friedrich Saemisch vs Ernst Gruenfeld Bad Pistyan (1922)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Friedrich+Saemisch+vs+Ernst+Gruenfeld+Bad+Pistyan+%281922%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fchessgame%3Fgid%3D1006881&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/William_Hartston" title="William Hartston">William Hartston</a>, <i>The Grünfeld Defence</i>, Chess Digest, 1971, p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CG-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CG_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CG_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com">"Chessgames.com – Searchable database"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071109084928/http://www.chessgames.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-11-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-04-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chessgames.com+%E2%80%93+Searchable+database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/24th-july-1999/50/chess">"CHESS » 24 Jul 1999 » The Spectator Archive"</a>. <i>spectator.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20130708195459/http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/24th-july-1999/50/chess">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=spectator.co.uk&rft.atitle=CHESS+%C2%BB+24+Jul+1999+%C2%BB+The+Spectator+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.spectator.co.uk%2Farticle%2F24th-july-1999%2F50%2Fchess&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBogdanov" class="citation book cs1">Bogdanov, Valentin. <i>Chess Explained: The Grünfeld</i>. <a href="/wiki/Gambit_Publications" title="Gambit Publications">Gambit Publications</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1915328179" title="Special:BookSources/1915328179"><bdi>1915328179</bdi></a>. <q>7...Nc6 (D), also frequently seen in contemporary practice.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chess+Explained%3A+The+Gr%C3%BCnfeld&rft.pub=Gambit+Publications&rft.isbn=1915328179&rft.aulast=Bogdanov&rft.aufirst=Valentin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Firmian,_Nick1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nick_de_Firmian" title="Nick de Firmian">De Firmian, Nick</a> (1999). <i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Chess_Openings" title="Modern Chess Openings">Modern Chess Openings</a>: MCO-14</i>. Random House Puzzles & Games. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8129-3084-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8129-3084-3"><bdi>0-8129-3084-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Chess+Openings%3A+MCO-14&rft.pub=Random+House+Puzzles+%26+Games&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-8129-3084-3&rft.au=De+Firmian%2C+Nick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=d85">"Chessgames – Exchange variation"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070404013012/http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=D85">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-04-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-04-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chessgames+%E2%80%93+Exchange+variation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fchessopening%3Feco%3Dd85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=d82">"Chessgames – 4.Bf4"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070310202704/http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=d82">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-03-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-04-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chessgames+%E2%80%93+4.Bf4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fchessopening%3Feco%3Dd82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=D82">"Grunfeld, 4.Bf4 (D82)"</a>. <i>chessgames.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chessgames.com&rft.atitle=Grunfeld%2C+4.Bf4+%28D82%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fchessopening%3Feco%3DD82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1044694">"Vasily Smyslov vs. Robert James Fischer (1970)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chessgames.com" title="Chessgames.com">Chessgames.com</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170105060007/http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1044694">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chessgames.com&rft.atitle=Vasily+Smyslov+vs.+Robert+James+Fischer+%281970%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fchessgame%3Fgid%3D1044694&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Adorj%C3%A1n" title="András Adorján">András Adorján</a>; Jeno Dory, <i>Winning With the Grunfeld</i> (Macmillan, 1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Suetin" title="Alexey Suetin">Alexey Suetin</a>, <i>The Complete Grünfeld</i> (Batsford, 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov">Anatoly Karpov</a>, <i>Beating the Grünfeld</i> (Batsford, 1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Rowson" title="Jonathan Rowson">Jonathan Rowson</a>, <i>Understanding the Grünfeld</i> (Gambit, 1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Aagaard" title="Jacob Aagaard">Jacob Aagaard</a>, <i>Starting Out: The Grunfeld</i> (Everyman Chess, 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Davies_(chess_player)" title="Nigel Davies (chess player)">Nigel Davies</a>, <i>The Grünfeld Defence</i> (Everyman Chess, 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogdan_Lali%C4%87" title="Bogdan Lalić">Bogdan Lalić</a>, <i>The Grunfeld for the Attacking Player</i> (Batsford, 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Khodarkovsky" title="Michael Khodarkovsky">Michael Khodarkovsky</a>, <i>The Grünfeld Defence Revealed</i> (Batsford, 2003)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDearing,_Edward2005" class="citation book cs1">Dearing, Edward (2005). <i>Challenging the Grunfeld</i>. <a href="/wiki/Quality_Chess" title="Quality Chess">Quality Chess</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-975243-4-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-91-975243-4-6"><bdi>978-91-975243-4-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Challenging+the+Grunfeld&rft.pub=Quality+Chess&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-91-975243-4-6&rft.au=Dearing%2C+Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Sakaev" title="Konstantin Sakaev">Konstantin Sakaev</a>, <i>An Expert's Guide to the 7.Bc4 Gruenfeld</i> (Chess Stars, 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelena_Dembo" title="Yelena Dembo">Yelena Dembo</a>, <i>Play the Grünfeld</i> (Everyman Chess, 2007)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKomarov,_DmitryDjuric,_StefanPantaleoni,_Claudio2009" class="citation book cs1">Komarov, Dmitry; Djuric, Stefan; Pantaleoni, Claudio (2009). <i>Chess Opening Essentials, Vol. 3: Indian Defences</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_In_Chess" title="New In Chess">New In Chess</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5691-270-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5691-270-3"><bdi>978-90-5691-270-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chess+Opening+Essentials%2C+Vol.+3%3A+Indian+Defences&rft.pub=New+In+Chess&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-90-5691-270-3&rft.au=Komarov%2C+Dmitry&rft.au=Djuric%2C+Stefan&rft.au=Pantaleoni%2C+Claudio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelchev,_AleksanderAgrest,_Evgenij2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Delchev" title="Aleksander Delchev">Delchev, Aleksander</a>; <a href="/wiki/Evgenij_Agrest" class="mw-redirect" title="Evgenij Agrest">Agrest, Evgenij</a> (2011). <i>The Safest Grünfeld</i>. Chess Stars. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-954-8782-81-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-954-8782-81-4"><bdi>978-954-8782-81-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Safest+Gr%C3%BCnfeld&rft.pub=Chess+Stars&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-954-8782-81-4&rft.au=Delchev%2C+Aleksander&rft.au=Agrest%2C+Evgenij&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGr%C3%BCnfeld+Defence" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">The Wikibook <i><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Chess Opening Theory">Chess Opening Theory</a></i> has a page on the topic of: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Opening_Theory/1._d4/1...Nf6/2._c4/2...g6/3._Nc3/3...d5" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...Nf6/2. c4/2...g6/3. Nc3/3...d5">Grünfeld Defence</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=d83">Chessgames: Grünfeld Gambit</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=d70">Chessgames: Neo-Grünfeld 3.f3</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=d71">Chessgames: Neo-Grünfeld 3.g3</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chess" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chess" title="Template:Chess"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chess" title="Template talk:Chess"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chess" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chess"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chess" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">Chess</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_chess" title="Outline of chess">Outline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_theory" title="Chess theory">Chess theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_title" title="Chess title">Chess titles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(chess)" title="Grandmaster (chess)">Grandmaster</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_chess" title="Computer chess">Computer chess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_computer_chess_terms" title="Glossary of computer chess terms">glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human%E2%80%93computer_chess_matches" title="Human–computer chess matches">matches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_engine" title="Chess engine">engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_software" title="List of chess software">software</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correspondence_chess" title="Correspondence chess">Correspondence chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess" title="Glossary of chess">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_chess" title="Online chess">Online chess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premove" title="Premove">Premove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_chess_server" title="Internet chess server">Internet chess server</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_chess_servers" title="List of Internet chess servers">list</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_rating_system" title="Chess rating system">Rating system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_world_rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="FIDE world rankings">world rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_(chess)" title="Norm (chess)">norms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_variant" title="Chess variant">Variants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_variants" title="List of chess variants">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_world_records_in_chess" title="List of world records in chess">World records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_equipment" title="Chess equipment">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_set" title="Chess set">Chess set</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chessboard" title="Chessboard">chessboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik_chess_set" title="Dubrovnik chess set">Dubrovnik chess set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staunton_chess_set" title="Staunton chess set">Staunton chess set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_piece" title="Chess piece">Chess pieces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_(chess)" title="King (chess)">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_(chess)" title="Queen (chess)">Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rook_(chess)" title="Rook (chess)">Rook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_(chess)" title="Bishop (chess)">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_(chess)" title="Knight (chess)">Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_(chess)" title="Pawn (chess)">Pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_chess_piece" title="Fairy chess piece">Fairy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_clock" title="Chess clock">Chess clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_table" title="Chess table">Chess table</a></li> <li><dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#score_sheets" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § Score sheets" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">Score sheets</span></a></dfn></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_chess" title="History of chess">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_chess" title="Timeline of chess">Timeline</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Versus_de_scachis" title="Versus de scachis">Versus de scachis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_manuscript" title="Göttingen manuscript">Göttingen manuscript</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_chessmen" title="Charlemagne chessmen">Charlemagne chessmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_chessmen" title="Lewis chessmen">Lewis chessmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_chess" title="Romantic chess">Romantic chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypermodernism_(chess)" title="Hypermodernism (chess)">Hypermodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_chess_school" title="Soviet chess school">Soviet chess school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_top_chess_players_throughout_history" title="Comparison of top chess players throughout history">Top player comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_chess" title="Geography of chess">Geography of chess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Africa" title="Chess in Africa">Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_South_Africa" title="Chess in South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_China" title="Chess in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Europe" title="Chess in Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Armenia" title="Chess in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Spain" title="Chess in Spain">Spain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_India" title="Chess in India">India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_games" title="List of chess games">Notable games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_players" title="List of chess players">List of chess players</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_amateur_chess_players" title="List of amateur chess players">amateurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_chess_players" title="List of female chess players">female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_grandmasters" title="List of chess grandmasters">grandmasters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_chess" title="Women in chess">Women in chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chess_museums" title="Category:Chess museums">Chess museums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer_Center" title="Bobby Fischer Center">Bobby Fischer Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kyay_Association_Chess_Museum" title="Gökyay Association Chess Museum">Gökyay Association Chess Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Hall_of_Fame" title="World Chess Hall of Fame">World Chess Hall of Fame</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rules_of_chess" title="Rules of chess">Rules</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castling" title="Castling">Castling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheating_in_chess" title="Cheating in chess">Cheating in chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Check_(chess)" title="Check (chess)">Check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checkmate" title="Checkmate">Checkmate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draw_(chess)" title="Draw (chess)">Draw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draw_by_agreement" title="Draw by agreement">by agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifty-move_rule" title="Fifty-move rule">Fifty-move rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_check" title="Perpetual check">Perpetual check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalemate" title="Stalemate">Stalemate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threefold_repetition" title="Threefold repetition">Threefold repetition</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/En_passant" title="En passant">En passant</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promotion_(chess)" title="Promotion (chess)">Pawn promotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_control" title="Time control">Time control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fast_chess" title="Fast chess">Fast chess</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch-move_rule" title="Touch-move rule">Touch-move rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_and_Black_in_chess" title="White and Black in chess">White and Black</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess" title="Glossary of chess">Terms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blunder_(chess)" title="Blunder (chess)">Blunder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_notation" title="Chess notation">Chess notation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">algebraic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descriptive_notation" title="Descriptive notation">descriptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_Game_Notation" title="Portable Game Notation">PGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_annotation_symbols" title="Chess annotation symbols">annotation symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_symbols_in_Unicode" title="Chess symbols in Unicode">symbols in Unicode</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fianchetto" title="Fianchetto">Fianchetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambit" title="Gambit">Gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_square" title="Key square">Key square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_walk" title="King walk">King walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_file" title="Open file">Open file</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-open_file" title="Half-open file">Half-open file</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outpost_(chess)" title="Outpost (chess)">Outpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_(chess)" title="Pawn (chess)">Pawns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backward_pawn" title="Backward pawn">backward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connected_pawns" title="Connected pawns">connected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubled_pawns" title="Doubled pawns">doubled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolated_pawn" title="Isolated pawn">isolated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passed_pawn" title="Passed pawn">passed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swindle_(chess)" title="Swindle (chess)">Swindle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempo_(chess)" title="Tempo (chess)">Tempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transposition_(chess)" title="Transposition (chess)">Transposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_traps" title="List of chess traps">Trap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_tactic" title="Chess tactic">Tactics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castling#Artificial_castling" title="Castling">Artificial castling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_(chess)" title="Battery (chess)">Battery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alekhine%27s_gun" title="Alekhine's gun">Alekhine's gun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_(chess)" title="Block (chess)">Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checkmate_pattern" title="Checkmate pattern">Checkmate patterns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_(chess)" title="Combination (chess)">Combination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decoy_(chess)" title="Decoy (chess)">Decoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deflection_(chess)" title="Deflection (chess)">Deflection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desperado_(chess)" title="Desperado (chess)">Desperado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovered_attack" title="Discovered attack">Discovered attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_check" title="Double check">Double check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fork_(chess)" title="Fork (chess)">Fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interference_(chess)" title="Interference (chess)">Interference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overloading_(chess)" title="Overloading (chess)">Overloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_storm" title="Pawn storm">Pawn storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pin_(chess)" title="Pin (chess)">Pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_(chess)" title="Sacrifice (chess)">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_sacrifice" title="Queen sacrifice">Queen sacrifice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skewer_(chess)" title="Skewer (chess)">Skewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undermining_(chess)" title="Undermining (chess)">Undermining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windmill_(chess)" title="Windmill (chess)">Windmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_(chess)" title="X-ray (chess)">X-ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwischenzug" title="Zwischenzug">Zwischenzug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_strategy" title="Chess strategy">Strategy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compensation_(chess)" title="Compensation (chess)">Compensation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exchange_(chess)" title="Exchange (chess)">Exchange</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_exchange_(chess)" title="The exchange (chess)">the exchange</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_(chess)" title="Initiative (chess)">Initiative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First-move_advantage_in_chess" title="First-move advantage in chess">first-move advantage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_middlegame" title="Chess middlegame">Middlegame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_structure" title="Pawn structure">Pawn structure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hedgehog_(chess)" title="Hedgehog (chess)">Hedgehog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolated_pawn" title="Isolated pawn">Isolated Queen's Pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%B3czy_Bind" title="Maróczy Bind">Maróczy Bind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_attack" title="Minority attack">Minority attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_piece_relative_value" title="Chess piece relative value">Piece values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophylaxis_(chess)" title="Prophylaxis (chess)">Prophylaxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_chess" title="School of chess">School of chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_opening" title="Chess opening">Openings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flank_opening" title="Flank opening">Flank opening</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Fianchetto_Opening" title="King's Fianchetto Opening">Benko Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Opening" title="Bird's Opening">Bird's Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunst_Opening" title="Dunst Opening">Dunst Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Opening" title="English Opening">English Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grob%27s_Attack" title="Grob's Attack">Grob's Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larsen%27s_Opening" class="mw-redirect" title="Larsen's Opening">Larsen's Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zukertort_Opening" title="Zukertort Opening">Zukertort Opening</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Indian_Attack" title="King's Indian Attack">King's Indian Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ti_Opening" title="Réti Opening">Réti Opening</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Pawn_Game" title="King's Pawn Game">King's Pawn Game</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alekhine%27s_Defence" title="Alekhine's Defence">Alekhine's Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caro%E2%80%93Kann_Defence" title="Caro–Kann Defence">Caro–Kann Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Defence" title="French Defence">French Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Defense" title="Modern Defense">Modern Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimzowitsch_Defence" title="Nimzowitsch Defence">Nimzowitsch Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Game" title="Open Game">Open Game</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Knights_Game" title="Four Knights Game">Four Knights Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuoco_Piano" title="Giuoco Piano">Giuoco Piano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Game" title="Italian Game">Italian Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Gambit" title="King's Gambit">King's Gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrov%27s_Defence" title="Petrov's Defence">Petrov's Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philidor_Defence" title="Philidor Defence">Philidor Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponziani_Opening" title="Ponziani Opening">Ponziani Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruy_Lopez" title="Ruy Lopez">Ruy Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-Italian_Opening" title="Semi-Italian Opening">Semi-Italian Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_Game" title="Scotch Game">Scotch Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Knights_Defense" title="Two Knights Defense">Two Knights Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Game" title="Vienna Game">Vienna Game</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen%27s_Defence" title="Owen's Defence">Owen's Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirc_Defence" title="Pirc Defence">Pirc Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pirc_Defence,_Austrian_Attack" title="Pirc Defence, Austrian Attack">Austrian Attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Defense" title="Scandinavian Defense">Scandinavian Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence" title="Sicilian Defence">Sicilian Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Alapin_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation">Alapin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Dragon_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation">Dragon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Accelerated_Dragon" title="Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon">Accelerated Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Najdorf_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation">Najdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Scheveningen_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Scheveningen Variation">Scheveningen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Pawn_Game" title="Queen's Pawn Game">Queen's Pawn Game</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Gambit" title="Budapest Gambit">Budapest Gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colle_System" title="Colle System">Colle System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Defence" title="Dutch Defence">Dutch Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Defence" title="English Defence">English Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Defence" title="Indian Defence">Indian Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benoni_Defense" title="Benoni Defense">Benoni Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Benoni" title="Modern Benoni">Modern Benoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogo-Indian_Defence" title="Bogo-Indian Defence">Bogo-Indian Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Opening" title="Catalan Opening">Catalan Opening</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grünfeld Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Indian_Defence" title="King's Indian Defence">King's Indian Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimzo-Indian_Defence" title="Nimzo-Indian Defence">Nimzo-Indian Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Indian_Defense" title="Old Indian Defense">Old Indian Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Indian_Defense" title="Queen's Indian Defense">Queen's Indian Defence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_System" title="London System">London System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richter%E2%80%93Veresov_Attack" title="Richter–Veresov Attack">Richter–Veresov Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gambit" title="Queen's Gambit">Queen's Gambit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gambit_Accepted" title="Queen's Gambit Accepted">Accepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gambit_Declined" title="Queen's Gambit Declined">Declined</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slav_Defense" title="Slav Defense">Slav Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-Slav_Defense" title="Semi-Slav Defense">Semi-Slav Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chigorin_Defense" title="Chigorin Defense">Chigorin Defense</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_Attack" title="Torre Attack">Torre Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trompowsky_Attack" title="Trompowsky Attack">Trompowsky Attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_openings" title="List of chess openings">List of openings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_opening_theory_table" title="Chess opening theory table">theory table</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_gambits" title="List of chess gambits">List of chess gambits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irregular_chess_opening" title="Irregular chess opening">Irregular</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bongcloud_Attack" title="Bongcloud Attack">Bongcloud Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fool%27s_mate" title="Fool's mate">Fool's mate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholar%27s_mate" title="Scholar's mate">Scholar's mate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_endgame" title="Chess endgame">Endgames</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_and_knight_checkmate" title="Bishop and knight checkmate">Bishop and knight checkmate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_and_pawn_versus_king_endgame" title="King and pawn versus king endgame">King and pawn vs king</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposite-colored_bishops_endgame" title="Opposite-colored bishops endgame">Opposite-coloured bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnless_chess_endgame" title="Pawnless chess endgame">Pawnless endgame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_and_pawn_versus_queen_endgame" title="Queen and pawn versus queen endgame">Queen and pawn vs queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_versus_pawn_endgame" title="Queen versus pawn endgame">Queen vs pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_versus_rook_endgame" title="Queen versus rook endgame">Queen vs rook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rook_and_bishop_versus_rook_endgame" title="Rook and bishop versus rook endgame">Rook and bishop vs rook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rook_and_pawn_versus_rook_endgame" title="Rook and pawn versus rook endgame">Rook and pawn vs rook</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucena_position" title="Lucena position">Lucena position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philidor_position" title="Philidor position">Philidor position</a></li></ul></li> <li>Strategy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_(chess)" title="Fortress (chess)">fortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_(chess)" title="Opposition (chess)">opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarrasch_rule" title="Tarrasch rule">Tarrasch rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangulation_(chess)" title="Triangulation (chess)">triangulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zugzwang" title="Zugzwang">Zugzwang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endgame_study" title="Endgame study">Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endgame_tablebase" title="Endgame tablebase">Tablebase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_knights_endgame" title="Two knights endgame">Two knights endgame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrong_bishop" title="Wrong bishop">Wrong bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrong_rook_pawn" title="Wrong rook pawn">Wrong rook pawn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_tournament" title="Chess tournament">Tournaments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_strong_chess_tournaments" title="List of strong chess tournaments">List of strong chess tournaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_Olympiad" title="Chess Olympiad">Chess Olympiad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Chess_Olympiad" title="Women's Chess Olympiad">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship" title="World Chess Championship">World Chess Championship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Chess_Championships" title="List of World Chess Championships">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidates_Tournament" title="Candidates Tournament">Candidates Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_World_Cup" title="Chess World Cup">Chess World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_Grand_Prix" title="FIDE Grand Prix">FIDE Grand Prix</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other world championships <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_World_Chess_Championship" title="Women's World Chess Championship">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Team_Chess_Championship" title="World Team Chess Championship">Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship" title="World Rapid Chess Championship">Rapid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Blitz_Chess_Championship" title="World Blitz Chess Championship">Blitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Junior_Chess_Championship" title="World Junior Chess Championship">Junior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Youth_Chess_Championship" title="World Youth Chess Championship">Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Senior_Chess_Championship" title="World Senior Chess Championship">Senior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Amateur_Chess_Championship" title="World Amateur Chess Championship">Amateur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Championship_of_Chess_Composition" title="World Championship of Chess Composition">Chess composition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Solving_Championship" title="World Chess Solving Championship">Solving</a></li></ul></li> <li>Computer chess championships <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess.com_Computer_Chess_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess.com Computer Chess Championship">CCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Open_Computer_Chess_Championship" title="Dutch Open Computer Chess Championship">CSVN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Computer_Chess_Championship" title="North American Computer Chess Championship">North American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Chess_Engine_Championship" title="Top Chess Engine Championship">TCEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Computer_Chess_Championship" title="World Computer Chess Championship">WCCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Computer_Speed_Chess_Championship" title="World Computer Speed Chess Championship">WCSCC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art and media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%AFssa" title="Caïssa">Caïssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_aesthetics" title="Chess aesthetics">Chess aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_the_arts" title="Chess in the arts">Chess in the arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_early_literature" title="Chess in early literature">early literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_chess" title="Category:Films about chess">film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Novels_about_chess" title="Category:Novels about chess">novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chess_paintings" title="Category:Chess paintings">paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Poems_about_chess" title="Category:Poems about chess">poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_stories_about_chess" title="Category:Short stories about chess">short stories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_books" title="List of chess books">Chess books</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_opening_book" title="Chess opening book">opening books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_endgame_literature" title="Chess endgame literature">endgame literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Companion_to_Chess" title="The Oxford Companion to Chess"><i>Oxford Companion</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_libraries" title="Chess libraries">Chess libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_columns_in_newspapers" title="Chess columns in newspapers">Chess newspaper columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_periodicals" title="List of chess periodicals">Chess periodicals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbiter_(chess)" title="Arbiter (chess)">Arbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_boxing" title="Chess boxing">Chess boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_club" title="Chess club">Chess club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_composer" title="Chess composer">Chess composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_engine" title="Chess engine">Chess engine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaZero" title="AlphaZero">AlphaZero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Blue_(chess_computer)" title="Deep Blue (chess computer)">Deep Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leela_Chess_Zero" title="Leela Chess Zero">Leela Chess Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockfish_(chess)" title="Stockfish (chess)">Stockfish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_problem" title="Chess problem">Chess problem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess_problems" title="Glossary of chess problems">glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joke_chess_problem" title="Joke chess problem">joke chess</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_prodigy" title="Chess prodigy">Chess prodigy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_exhibition" title="Simultaneous exhibition">Simultaneous exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solving_chess" title="Solving chess">Solving chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/28px-Chess.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/42px-Chess.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/56px-Chess.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Chess" title="Portal:Chess">Chess portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chess" title="Category:Chess">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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