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Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kuwait) - Wikipedia

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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Government ministry in Kuwait</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MOFA_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/MOFA_Logo.png/200px-MOFA_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/MOFA_Logo.png/300px-MOFA_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/MOFA_Logo.png/400px-MOFA_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="2220" data-file-height="1015" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Ministerial Department overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">1961<span class="noprint">&#59;&#32;63&#160;years ago</span><span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1961</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding Ministerial Department</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Foreign Affairs Department Bureau</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kuwait" title="Government of Kuwait">Government of Kuwait</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_City" title="Kuwait City">Kuwait City</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Minister responsible</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Al_Yahya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah Al Yahya (page does not exist)">Abdullah Al Yahya</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Child Ministerial Department</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">State of Kuwait Ambassadors Bureau <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Military_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuwait Military Forces">Military</a> Correspondents Attachés Bureau</li></ul></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.kw/Ar/Pages/Default.aspx/">Official Website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs </a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Ministry of Foreign Affairs</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">وزارة الخارجية</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>:&#160;</small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">wizāra al-khārijiyya</i></span>) is one of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kuwait" title="Government of Kuwait">governmental bodies</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> and part of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Kuwait" title="Cabinet of Kuwait">cabinet</a>. It was established in 1961. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_overview">History and overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kuwait)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History and overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1961, a Foreign Affairs Department Bureau was established in Kuwait to organize the foreign relations of the country which was soon relaunched as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, becoming the first ministerial body of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-aldiw_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aldiw-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first foreign minister of Kuwait was <a href="/wiki/Sabah_Al_Salim_Al_Sabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabah Al Salim Al Sabah">Sabah Al Salim Al Sabah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He was followed by <a href="/wiki/Sabah_Al-Ahmad_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah" title="Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah">Sabah Al Ahmed Al Jaber Al Sabah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-aldiw_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aldiw-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ministry of Foreign Affairs delegates <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Kuwait" title="List of diplomatic missions of Kuwait">ambassadors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_attach%C3%A9" title="Military attaché">military attachés</a> bureau in foreign <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_mission" title="Diplomatic mission">diplomatic missions</a> in countries such as the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, China, Italy and Korea. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_ministers_of_foreign_affairs_and_deputy_prime_ministers">List of ministers of foreign affairs and deputy prime ministers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kuwait)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: List of ministers of foreign affairs and deputy prime ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%;text-align:left"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Title </th> <th>Term of office </th> <th>Note </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sabah_Al-Salim_Al-Sabah" title="Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah">Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sabah_Al_Salem.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Sabah_Al_Salem.png/100px-Sabah_Al_Salem.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Sabah_Al_Salem.png/150px-Sabah_Al_Salem.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Sabah_Al_Salem.png/200px-Sabah_Al_Salem.png 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="347" /></a></span> </td> <td>Minister of Foreign Affairs </td> <td>1962–1963 </td> <td>12 Ruler and 2nd <a href="/wiki/Emir_of_Kuwait" title="Emir of Kuwait">Emir of Kuwait</a> (1965–1977) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sabah_Al-Ahmad_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah" title="Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah">Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amir_of_Kuwait_Sheikh_Sabah_IV.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Amir_of_Kuwait_Sheikh_Sabah_IV.png/100px-Amir_of_Kuwait_Sheikh_Sabah_IV.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Amir_of_Kuwait_Sheikh_Sabah_IV.png/150px-Amir_of_Kuwait_Sheikh_Sabah_IV.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Amir_of_Kuwait_Sheikh_Sabah_IV.png/200px-Amir_of_Kuwait_Sheikh_Sabah_IV.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td>Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs </td> <td>1963–2003 </td> <td>15 Ruler and 5th Emir of Kuwait (2006–2020) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah" title="Mohammad Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah">Mohammad Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah.jpg/100px-Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah.jpg/150px-Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah.jpg/200px-Mohammad_Sabah_Al-Salem_Al-Sabah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="421" /></a></span> </td> <td>Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs </td> <td>2003–2011 </td> <td>Ambassador of Kuwait to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (1993–2001) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sabah_Al-Khalid_Al-Sabah" title="Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah">Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sabah_Al-Khaled_Al-Hamad_Al-Sabah.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sabah_Al-Khaled_Al-Hamad_Al-Sabah.png/100px-Sabah_Al-Khaled_Al-Hamad_Al-Sabah.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sabah_Al-Khaled_Al-Hamad_Al-Sabah.png/150px-Sabah_Al-Khaled_Al-Hamad_Al-Sabah.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sabah_Al-Khaled_Al-Hamad_Al-Sabah.png/200px-Sabah_Al-Khaled_Al-Hamad_Al-Sabah.png 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span> </td> <td>Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs </td> <td>2011–2019 </td> <td>Kuwait's permanent member mission to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (1983–1989)<br />Kuwait's Ambassador to <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> (1995–1998)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />Kuwait's 9th <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Kuwait" title="List of prime ministers of Kuwait">Prime Minister</a> (2019–2022) </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah" title="Ahmad Nasser Al-Mohammad Al-Sabah">Ahmad Nasser Al-Mohammad Al-Sabah</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Ahmad_Nasser_Al-Mohammad_Al-Sabah_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span> </td> <td>Minister of Foreign Affairs </td> <td>2019–2022 </td> <td>Kuwait's extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador in 2005<br />Kuwait's Assistant Foreign Minister for First Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister's Office Affairs in 2016<br />Kuwait's Assistant Foreign Minister for the Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister's Office Affairs in 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah" title="Salem Abdullah Al-Jaber Al-Sabah">Salem Abdullah Al-Jaber Al-Sabah</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheikh_Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sheikh_Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah.png/100px-Sheikh_Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sheikh_Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah.png/150px-Sheikh_Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sheikh_Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah.png/200px-Sheikh_Salem_Abdullah_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah.png 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="1654" /></a></span> </td> <td>Minister of Foreign Affairs </td> <td>2022–2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_Kuwait_to_the_United_States" title="List of ambassadors of Kuwait to the United States">Ambassador of Kuwait to the United States</a> (2001–2022) </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Al_Yahya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah Al Yahya (page does not exist)">Abdullah Al Yahya</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abdullah_Ali_Al-Yahya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Abdullah_Ali_Al-Yahya.jpg/100px-Abdullah_Ali_Al-Yahya.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Abdullah_Ali_Al-Yahya.jpg/150px-Abdullah_Ali_Al-Yahya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Abdullah_Ali_Al-Yahya.jpg/200px-Abdullah_Ali_Al-Yahya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="419" /></a></span> </td> <td>Minister of Foreign Affairs </td> <td>2024–present </td> <td>Ambassador of Kuwait to Argentina (2018–2019) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kuwait)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kuwait" title="Foreign relations of Kuwait">Foreign relations of Kuwait</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kuwait)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131014095208/http://www.da.gov.kw/eng/aboutkuwait/independence.php">"Independence and building the modern state"</a>. <i>Al Diwan Al Amiri</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.da.gov.kw/eng/aboutkuwait/independence.php">the original</a> on 14 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Al+Diwan+Al+Amiri&amp;rft.atitle=Independence+and+building+the+modern+state&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.da.gov.kw%2Feng%2Faboutkuwait%2Findependence.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinistry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Kuwait%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacqueline_S._Ismael1982" class="citation book cs1">Jacqueline S. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Reuters&amp;rft.atitle=Kuwait+appoints+new+cabinet+with+Bader+al+Mulla+as+oil+minister&amp;rft.date=2022-10-16&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fkuwait-appoints-new-cabinet-with-bader-al-mulla-oil-minister-2022-10-16%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinistry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Kuwait%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gulfnews.com/amp/world/gulf/kuwait/kuwait-gets-first-non-royal-foreign-minister-as-reform-era-starts-1.100480268">"Kuwait gets first non-royal foreign minister as 'reform' era starts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_News" title="Gulf News">Gulf News</a></i>. 17 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Gulf+News&amp;rft.atitle=Kuwait+gets+first+non-royal+foreign+minister+as+%E2%80%98reform%E2%80%99+era+starts&amp;rft.date=2024-01-17&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Famp%2Fworld%2Fgulf%2Fkuwait%2Fkuwait-gets-first-non-royal-foreign-minister-as-reform-era-starts-1.100480268&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinistry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Kuwait%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_affairs_ministries_of_the_World" title="Template:Foreign affairs ministries of the World"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_affairs_ministries_of_the_World" title="Template talk:Foreign affairs ministries of the World"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_affairs_ministries_of_the_World" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign affairs ministries of the World"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foreign_affairs_ministries_of_the_world" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_foreign_affairs" title="Ministry of foreign affairs">Foreign affairs ministries of the world</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Algeria)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Algeria)">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Relations_(Angola)" title="Ministry of External Relations (Angola)">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_African_Integration_(Benin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and African Integration (Benin)">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Relations_and_International_Cooperation_(Burundi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of External Relations and International Cooperation (Burundi)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Egypt)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Egypt)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Equatorial_Guinea)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Equatorial Guinea)">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Eritrea)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Eritrea)">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Eswatini)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Eswatini)">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ethiopia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ethiopia)">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kenya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kenya)">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Relations_(Lesotho)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Relations (Lesotho)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Liberia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Liberia)">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Mauritania)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Mauritania)">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs,_African_Cooperation_and_Moroccan_Expatriates" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, African Cooperation and Moroccan Expatriates">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs,_Cooperation_and_African_Integration" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation and African Integration">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Cooperation_(Rwanda)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (Rwanda)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs,_Cooperation_and_Communities" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation and Communities">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Seychelles)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Seychelles)">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Somalia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Somalia)">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Somaliland)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Somaliland)">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_International_Relations_and_Cooperation" title="Department of International Relations and Cooperation">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(South_Sudan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (South Sudan)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Sudan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Sudan)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_East_African_Cooperation" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and East African Cooperation">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Tunisia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Tunisia)">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Uganda)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Uganda)">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Zambia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Zambia)">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Zimbabwe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Zimbabwe)">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs,_Trade_and_Barbuda_Affairs" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Barbuda Affairs">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Worship" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Worship">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bahamas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bahamas)">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs,_Foreign_Trade_and_International_Business_(Barbados)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and International Business (Barbados)">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Belize)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Belize)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bolivia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bolivia)">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Brazil)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Brazil)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Affairs_Canada" title="Global Affairs Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Chile)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Chile)">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Colombia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Colombia)">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Worship_(Costa_Rica)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Worship (Costa Rica)">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Cuba)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Cuba)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Relations_(Dominican_Republic)" title="Ministry of External Relations (Dominican Republic)">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Guatemala)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Guatemala)">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Guyana)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Guyana)">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Haiti)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Haiti)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Foreign_Trade_(Jamaica)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (Jamaica)">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Mexico)" title="Secretariat of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Peru)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Peru)">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saint Kitts and Nevis)">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Relations_(Uruguay)" title="Ministry of Foreign Relations (Uruguay)">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Venezuela)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Venezuela)">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Afghanistan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Afghanistan)">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bahrain)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bahrain)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bangladesh)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bangladesh)">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bhutan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bhutan)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Brunei)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Brunei)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Cambodia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Cambodia)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(China)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (China)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Cooperation_(East_Timor)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (East Timor)">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Affairs_(India)" title="Ministry of External Affairs (India)">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Indonesia)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Iran)">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Iraq)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Iraq)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kyrgyzstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kyrgyzstan)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Laos)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Laos)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Emigrants_(Lebanon)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants (Lebanon)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Malaysia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Malaysia)">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Maldives)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Maldives)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Myanmar)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Myanmar)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Mongolia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Mongolia)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Nepal)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Nepal)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(North_Korea)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (North Korea)">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Oman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Oman)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Pakistan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Philippines)" title="Department of Foreign Affairs (Philippines)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Qatar)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Qatar)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Singapore)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Singapore)">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(South_Korea)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (South Korea)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Sri Lanka)">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Expatriates_(Syria)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates (Syria)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_Republic_of_Tajikistan" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Thailand)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Thailand)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkey)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Turkmenistan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkmenistan)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Uzbekistan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Uzbekistan)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Vietnam)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Vietnam)">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(Albania)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Albania)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Affairs_(Andorra)" title="Ministry of External Affairs (Andorra)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_for_European_and_International_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Armenia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Armenia)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Azerbaijan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Azerbaijan)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Belarus)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Belarus)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Public_Service_Foreign_Affairs" title="Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bulgaria)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bulgaria)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_and_European_Affairs_(Croatia)" title="Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (Croatia)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Cyprus)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Cyprus)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Czech_Republic)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Czech Republic)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Denmark)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark)">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Estonia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Estonia)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Finland)" title="Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Finland)">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_Georgia" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Foreign_Office" title="Federal Foreign Office">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Greece)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Greece)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Iceland)" title="Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Iceland)">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Department of Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Italy)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Italy)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kosovo)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kosovo)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Latvia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Latvia)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Lithuania)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Lithuania)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Luxembourg)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Luxembourg)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Foreign_and_European_Affairs_(Malta)" title="Ministry for Foreign and European Affairs (Malta)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_European_Integration_(Moldova)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration (Moldova)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_External_Relations_(Monaco)" title="Department of External Relations (Monaco)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_European_Integration_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Netherlands)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(North_Macedonia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (North Macedonia)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Norway)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Poland)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Portugal)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Portugal)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Romania)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania)">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Serbia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Serbia)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Slovakia)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Slovenia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Slovenia)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Spain)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Spain)">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Sweden)" title="Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Sweden)">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Department_of_Foreign_Affairs" title="Federal Department of Foreign Affairs">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkey)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign,_Commonwealth_and_Development_Office" title="Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_for_Relations_with_States_(Roman_Curia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Trade" title="Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Fiji)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Fiji)">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Immigration" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Trade_(New_Zealand)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (New Zealand)">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Czechoslovakia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Czechoslovakia)">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ottoman_Empire)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ottoman Empire)">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zongli_Yamen" title="Zongli Yamen">Qing dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Republic of China (Mainland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Soviet_Union)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Yugoslavia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Yugoslavia)">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000112350540">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/140126098">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50071644">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐686b57647c‐bcjj4 Cached time: 20241213040446 Cache expiry: 1626916 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.533 seconds Real time usage: 0.846 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1802/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 58761/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2025/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 39979/5000000 bytes Lua time 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