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Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw_(krant)" title="Trouw (krant) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Trouw (krant)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouw" title="Trouw – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Trouw" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E8%AA%A0%E5%A0%B1_(%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD)" title="忠誠報 (荷蘭) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="忠誠報 (荷蘭)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1789749#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dutch newspaper</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250428316">.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .infobox-title{font-size:125%;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-newspaper"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Trouw</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="logo" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trouw_(2020-01-29).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Trouw de Verdieping" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Trouw_%282020-01-29%29.svg/206px-Trouw_%282020-01-29%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="206" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Trouw_%282020-01-29%29.svg/308px-Trouw_%282020-01-29%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Trouw_%282020-01-29%29.svg/411px-Trouw_%282020-01-29%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="137" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Trouw_front_page_2010-03-27.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Trouw_front_page_2010-03-27.png/220px-Trouw_front_page_2010-03-27.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/Trouw_front_page_2010-03-27.png 1.5x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="377" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Front page of <i>Trouw</i> on 27 March 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Daily_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily newspaper">Daily newspaper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Format</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Compact_(newspaper)" title="Compact (newspaper)">Compact</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/DPG_Media" title="DPG Media">DPG Media</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor-in-chief</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Cees van der Laan<sup id="cite_ref-chiefeditor_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chiefeditor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">18 February 1943<span class="noprint">; 82 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1943-02-18</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">Jacob Bontiusplaats 9<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Netherlands</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Newspaper_circulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspaper circulation">Circulation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">102,631 (as of 2017)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trouw.nl">trouw<wbr />.nl</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.4em; border-top: 1px solid #aaa"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the Netherlands">Media of the Netherlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of newspapers in the Netherlands">List of newspapers</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Trouw</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Dutch pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="nl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch">[trʌu]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/9e\/Nl-trouw.ogg\/Nl-trouw.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nl-trouw.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Nl-trouw.ogg/Nl-trouw.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-trouw.ogg" title="File:Nl-trouw.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> <span title="English-language text"><span lang="en">"loyal", "true"</span></span>) is a Dutch <a href="/wiki/Daily_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily newspaper">daily newspaper</a> appearing in <a href="/wiki/Compact_(newspaper)" title="Compact (newspaper)">compact</a> size. It was founded in 1943 as an orthodox <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_underground_press" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch underground press">underground newspaper</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Since 2009, it has been owned by <a href="/wiki/DPG_Media" title="DPG Media">DPG Media</a> (known as De Persgroep until 2019). <i>Trouw</i> received the <a href="/wiki/European_Newspaper_Award" title="European Newspaper Award">European Newspaper Award</a> in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cees van der Laan is the current <a href="/wiki/Editor-in-chief" title="Editor-in-chief">editor-in-chief</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chiefeditor_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chiefeditor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trouw&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Trouw</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> word meaning "fidelity", "loyalty", or "allegiance", and is cognate with the English adjective "true". The name was chosen to reflect allegiance and loyalty to God and country in spite of the <a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Niederlande" title="Reichskommissariat Niederlande">German occupation of the Netherlands</a>. </p><p><i>Trouw</i> was started during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> by members of the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_resistance" title="Dutch resistance">resistance</a> against the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupation of the Netherlands">German occupation</a>. Hundreds of people involved in the production and distribution of the newspaper were arrested and killed during the war. The newspaper was published irregularly during the war due to lack of paper. In 1944 the German forces tried to stop publication by rounding up and imprisoning some 23 of the couriers. They issued an ultimatum to the leaders of <i>Trouw</i>; however, the editors did not give in and all of the captured couriers were executed. Amongst the people that lost their life during the war due to their involvement with the newspaper was Trouw co-founder and resistance member <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wim_Speelman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wim Speelman (page does not exist)">Wim Speelman</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wim_Speelman" class="extiw" title="nl:Wim Speelman">nl</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war the paper became a daily, its allegiance to the <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Churches_in_the_Netherlands" title="Reformed Churches in the Netherlands">Reformed Churches in the Netherlands</a>. By 1967, though, the paper's chief editor made it clear that <i>Trouw</i> was not to be considered a paper only for Christians: it wanted to be a paper for everyone. In the course of time the percentage of <i>Trouw</i> readers that belong to the Reformed churches shrank considerably: in 1965 69% of readers belonged to one of those churches, but by 1979 this had dropped to 48%, and by 1999 to 28%. In their own words, in 2005, they intended to "remain a newspaper rooted in a Christian tradition and to be a source of contemplation and inspiration for everyone, churchgoer or not, who feels a need for moral and spiritual orientation."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Circulation at the end of the 20th century was a little over 133,000.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 3 February 2005, <i>Trouw</i> changed its format from <a href="/wiki/Broadsheet" title="Broadsheet">broadsheet</a> to <a href="/wiki/Compact_(newspaper)" title="Compact (newspaper)">compact</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently, <i>Trouw</i> is a part of the De Persgroep Nederland, the name given to the former PCM group after the Belgian publishing house <a href="/wiki/De_Persgroep" class="mw-redirect" title="De Persgroep">De Persgroep</a> bought a majority stake in PCM in the summer of 2009. <i><a href="/wiki/NRC_Handelsblad" class="mw-redirect" title="NRC Handelsblad">NRC Handelsblad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Algemeen_Dagblad" title="Algemeen Dagblad">Het AD</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Het_Parool" title="Het Parool">Het Parool</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/De_Volkskrant" title="De Volkskrant">de Volkskrant</a></i> are also owned by De Persgroep Nederland. NRC Handelsblad was sold before the summer of 2010.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trouw&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dpgmedia.nl/merk/trouw">Trouw</a> (in Dutch), DPG Media. Retrieved 12 January 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chiefeditor-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chiefeditor_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chiefeditor_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Loes Reijmer, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/cees-van-der-laan-nieuwe-hoofdredacteur-trouw~a3561828/">Cees van der Laan nieuwe hoofdredacteur Trouw</a>" (in Dutch), <i><a href="/wiki/De_Volkskrant" title="De Volkskrant">de Volkskrant</a></i>, 13 December 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trouw.nl/service/contact">Contact</a> (in Dutch), Trouw. Retrieved 12 January 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dundasbi.reports.nl/NOM/Dashboard/Dashboard?guidinput=dc9bce15-0701-489b-b0a3-af153fe33049">Oplage dagbladen</a> (in Dutch), Nationaal Onderzoek Multimedia. Retrieved 1 November 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150102153946/http://enc.newsroom.de/lang/en/enc-2013/case-study-2-die-neue-tiefe-in-der-zeitung-mit-taglichen-beilagencase-study-2-die-neue-tiefe-in-der-zeitung-mit-taglichen-beilagen/">"Case Study "Trouw": The new profundity in the newspaper – with daily supplements"</a>. <i>European Newspaper Congress</i>. 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enc.newsroom.de/lang/en/enc-2013/case-study-2-die-neue-tiefe-in-der-zeitung-mit-taglichen-beilagencase-study-2-die-neue-tiefe-in-der-zeitung-mit-taglichen-beilagen/">the original</a> on 2 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Newspaper+Congress&rft.atitle=Case+Study+%22Trouw%22%3A+The+new+profundity+in+the+newspaper+%E2%80%93+with+daily+supplements&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenc.newsroom.de%2Flang%2Fen%2Fenc-2013%2Fcase-study-2-die-neue-tiefe-in-der-zeitung-mit-taglichen-beilagencase-study-2-die-neue-tiefe-in-der-zeitung-mit-taglichen-beilagen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrouw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121206065107/http://www.editorial-design.com/13/e/trouw.html">"European Newspaper of the Year - Category Nationwide Newspaper - Trouw, the Netherlands"</a>. <i>Editorial Design</i>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.editorial-design.com/13/e/trouw.html">the original</a> on 6 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Editorial+Design&rft.atitle=European+Newspaper+of+the+Year+-+Category+Nationwide+Newspaper+-+Trouw%2C+the+Netherlands&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.editorial-design.com%2F13%2Fe%2Ftrouw.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrouw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.verzetsmuseum.org/museum/en/tweede-wereldoorlog/kingdomofthenetherlands/thenetherlands/thenetherlands,may_1943_-_may_1944/the_illegal_press">"The illegal press"</a>. <i>Dutch Resistance Museum</i>. 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dutch+Resistance+Museum&rft.atitle=The+illegal+press.&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.verzetsmuseum.org%2Fmuseum%2Fen%2Ftweede-wereldoorlog%2Fkingdomofthenetherlands%2Fthenetherlands%2Fthenetherlands%2Cmay_1943_-_may_1944%2Fthe_illegal_press&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrouw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trouw.nl/tr/nl/4324/nieuws/article/detail/1576473/2005/08/18/Trouw-nieuws-verdieping-en-gids.dhtml">"Trouw - nieuws, verdieping en gids"</a>. <i>De Persgroep Nederland</i>. 18 August 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=De+Persgroep+Nederland&rft.atitle=Trouw+-+nieuws%2C+verdieping+en+gids&rft.date=2005-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trouw.nl%2Ftr%2Fnl%2F4324%2Fnieuws%2Farticle%2Fdetail%2F1576473%2F2005%2F08%2F18%2FTrouw-nieuws-verdieping-en-gids.dhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrouw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJan_de_Bas2003" class="citation book cs1">Jan de Bas (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gyBeHYkyqigC&pg=PA29"><i>Een mijter zonder kruis: Sint-Nicolaas in de protestantse pers 1945-2000</i></a>. Verloren. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789065507709" title="Special:BookSources/9789065507709"><bdi>9789065507709</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Een+mijter+zonder+kruis%3A+Sint-Nicolaas+in+de+protestantse+pers+1945-2000&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Verloren&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9789065507709&rft.au=Jan+de+Bas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgyBeHYkyqigC%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrouw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wef.blogs.com/editors/e_tabloid_vs_broadsheet/">"Netherlands: National daily Trouw to go compact"</a>. <i>Editors Weblog</i>. 30 November 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Editors+Weblog&rft.atitle=Netherlands%3A+National+daily+Trouw+to+go+compact&rft.date=2004-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwef.blogs.com%2Feditors%2Fe_tabloid_vs_broadsheet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrouw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trouw&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" 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style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Algemeen_Dagblad" title="Algemeen Dagblad">Algemeen Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nederlands_Dagblad" title="Nederlands Dagblad">Nederlands Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NRC_Handelsblad" class="mw-redirect" title="NRC Handelsblad">NRC</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reformatorisch_Dagblad" title="Reformatorisch Dagblad">Reformatorisch Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Telegraaf" title="De Telegraaf">De Telegraaf</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Trouw</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Volkskrant" title="De Volkskrant">De Volkskrant</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Het_Financieele_Dagblad" title="Het Financieele Dagblad">Het Financieele Dagblad</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barneveldse_Krant" title="Barneveldse Krant">Barneveldse Krant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Gelderlander" title="De Gelderlander">De Gelderlander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Stentor" title="De Stentor">De Stentor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tubantia_(newspaper)" title="Tubantia (newspaper)">Tubantia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dagblad_van_het_Noorden" title="Dagblad van het Noorden">Dagblad van het Noorden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Friesch_Dagblad" title="Friesch Dagblad">Friesch Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leeuwarder_Courant" title="Leeuwarder Courant">Leeuwarder Courant</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brabants_Dagblad" title="Brabants Dagblad">Brabants Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BN_De_Stem" class="mw-redirect" title="BN De Stem">BN De Stem</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eindhovens_Dagblad" title="Eindhovens Dagblad">Eindhovens Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Limburger" title="De Limburger">De Limburger</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Provinciale_Zeeuwse_Courant" title="Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant">Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Gooi-_en_Eemlander" title="De Gooi- en Eemlander">De Gooi- en Eemlander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haarlems_Dagblad" title="Haarlems Dagblad">Haarlems Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leidsch_Dagblad" title="Leidsch Dagblad">Leidsch Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noordhollands_Dagblad" title="Noordhollands Dagblad">Noordhollands Dagblad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Het_Parool" title="Het Parool">Het Parool</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Panama_Papers515" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Panama_Papers" title="Template:Panama Papers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Panama_Papers" title="Template talk:Panama Papers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Panama_Papers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Panama Papers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Panama_Papers515" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers" title="Panama Papers">Panama Papers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_named_in_the_Panama_Papers" title="List of people named in the Panama Papers">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_Panama_Papers" title="Reactions to the Panama Papers">Reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_as_a_tax_haven" title="United States as a tax haven">United States as a tax haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_as_a_tax_haven" title="Panama as a tax haven">Panama as a tax haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers_(Asia)" title="Panama Papers (Asia)">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers_(Africa)" title="Panama Papers (Africa)">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers_(Europe)" title="Panama Papers (Europe)">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers_(North_America)" title="Panama Papers (North America)">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Papers_(South_America)" title="Panama Papers (South America)">South America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations under <br />investigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mossack_Fonseca" title="Mossack Fonseca">Mossack Fonseca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Mossack" title="Jürgen Mossack">Jürgen Mossack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Fonseca_Mora" title="Ramón Fonseca Mora">Ramón Fonseca Mora</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heads of state or <br />government mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Turnbull" title="Malcolm Turnbull">Malcolm Turnbull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Correa" title="Rafael Correa">Rafael Correa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">Salman of Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalifa_bin_Zayed_Al_Nahyan" title="Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan">Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmundur_Dav%C3%AD%C3%B0_Gunnlaugsson" title="Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson">Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former heads of state or<br />government mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bidzina_Ivanishvili" title="Bidzina Ivanishvili">Bidzina Ivanishvili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayad_Allawi" title="Ayad Allawi">Ayad Allawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Abu_Al-Ragheb" title="Ali Abu Al-Ragheb">Ali Abu Al-Ragheb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto" title="Benazir Bhutto">Benazir Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Khalifa_Al_Thani" title="Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani">Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Sturza" title="Ion Sturza">Ion Sturza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_al-Mirghani" title="Ahmed al-Mirghani">Ahmed al-Mirghani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Jassim_bin_Jaber_Al_Thani" title="Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani">Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlo_Lazarenko" title="Pavlo Lazarenko">Pavlo Lazarenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCddeutsche_Zeitung" title="Süddeutsche Zeitung">Süddeutsche Zeitung</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Consortium_of_Investigative_Journalists" title="International Consortium of Investigative Journalists">International Consortium of Investigative 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