CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914c483019ca9c41',cH: 'DG7s86K_WJ5jdVm7Q5PNn.Sd_hHiHoEFr5Ugu0WHRI0-1740031285-1.2.1.1-Lr8Vt6TBlOvSi5qevcXRt_kwexHrF075t2XXpzS5g7pOAtNnh8DENb2.BLszhmeR',cUPMDTk: "\/2042\/mla?__cf_chl_tk=MzWlSu1TsIS5CZQnqXjnuYmkVk2LX9xb01Os1kyNHvY-1740031285-1.0.1.1-kQJsIzd_Eot7M46Y1zE.HAyuN2i3.hcYuOFRRdpbJP0",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740031285',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/2042\/mla?__cf_chl_f_tk=MzWlSu1TsIS5CZQnqXjnuYmkVk2LX9xb01Os1kyNHvY-1740031285-1.0.1.1-kQJsIzd_Eot7M46Y1zE.HAyuN2i3.hcYuOFRRdpbJP0",md: "_OQ1S2ZZbyWdTYzo_.Jjmbq0fEQ88WqoY3XphYndx9k-1740031285-1.2.1.1-_RH0cfBhHtP581ORwc8v19d8JSl3vh4DaHXIhUsQV9zrPjMnKna7wPfRZbGTHrQfVI4wYZJY7RSJXZ1HCRgAxTMIxsTgoy4PnNaRnKFZ7xVL0fTM2_4V2WhW0v9MFC0RoIz7QEKSfd3CpQxocaXF5ZWCvOiuXrTv8Zcps4gplQXFDxcjWXCPsU37hV16ejFthOLkMQuIfmgYUJj9UOfHbz4AJlVLhW2pX_CFTh2vKnPIDtDOTi4tX3sZjgP3tIinaoUGcANy89pD8yyYyapDvJtZeY1Rn7s6_WPdSNQ7ESJGqU5WwszJxv7pGRu3Opy3AIPHIhhofpU_SL8tehI2m99yeD81WIBKpDK73QOg8uiPKf.rIQySC1X5CeJA7mVP16T0wq60yzSoNaf6G0O_uDL5FskSD5Cqvdeg9Skic7yhSS2cqIaKkHENTFCsLelzbMR_H_0MXmayIXOq_Y48NNPhabXYq2JtW6X03B7tQjkQ48uRqcX2Azqf6vMstJlGZQ8AlEgINdBhtQcMdkdp8xyQZyCvOrG.auK7P5amNS9jblYQc7ZQKC2WEGGXCiwcLiivuxc50jcGxFQgKeHFWW3p8mcSOgTlQ0vJRNTVrQjhIRkplPyL.AGDqeWVEDGGRlwMEjw5AD3UJ5a509BVtBp8p8TPWUjy0vCClFIBSQPylRtrESWPNRL4cQ7G3UrjR2172jMjJIzE7qHkanPspmfWK2pfUN4.3kkr97pd0SbZpEOg.H9ldgAV9whwfDapdMCWnxbSHyqbXSkfLch2qQlOSVhiQfaMcC._U9KgMNwt9wdhStWT7XzvXB06UqUUsxtdTJnHlnMZAvOGYLR.x_cQqwju35wdFK8EHwrYw7.ogVyXDw2eBXPHZ6u_pPfaxnjtbYqwskcliVURz1GYG8Wr4vy.K5ZYAmjgvrZhWx_2H8neLtNlet389Kh0WLbocvKKcxFDmKBj3VnYaTpOWK18V2HUljiLajjj0fotMueUCTARwEZIhciJm7v97Q6Yygt6fQwj1WKL_RmIEMGtleiDqXQNVavcOj4tmOzhrtpN5WkwyJYFwdorhxsKnNmXLUE.PBlmsZTs99jrKUbNELnBhGNVTH3j9wrriLw64w5VcyXMij8VyFEUGxQcMxkyH.zfrN1ThKoyqItav_z1xAfw1pB8z0lQ0TKzV1qHWos_3tqMFaLOb73c5OQ1crXvJDitPv2GhdK198NoVdgJSKSEV8bQn8a7bIwyO.f1tOFNtomFNfXCTGuJZTMHl..VxRa91KTCITwPHsWzUAiobd_no5IDfgjY4NUlwM3CM.tda_K7PruTn_UdE1s7YjN_xk89ENhSg0xUzYwTCYlKhnzsWQdUjcwm52sb415lmyvqm2z82q4lJ0KVwSJbdXkZllrMIMooissSBjrQBXbjhnLUnydfE5hcMT.JYO1pCcgazcXqFmjPzOHdEFZJO3bkG93Pr.dPPGXXhaZ.OfBGI_EtKodJtuoHTCvO6PNUwNsDd.c54T4PjTFy575XhVxIgcUcoIxc.tEZ_Ya4xb7xm_LqxBkYGAIAwaMKNmkWLdDzqvS8Ef5t4fTb0OHAp8X.wluV_qyKjPT8cWSVoQo2c32IJh3JfZnNw6xT_746Bs33UVmV1oi3U_0lMn3DSF4RxpWZiuU.uuLxm_fBogMwr4JY9aytmVy7dcWYvbNSyi6_xo18qaDukPX9FBvkxXMwSW9ldGzAZ1eRSxINuNsr0GxTe2vS7Ay37VcMfjUGdAHnO2OWWN8PtWL.RoswOVrIsekGRR2uNmPtgwTSqXvWP3pEEYJLhINql_2fHS8QNxCgxHVzyNE1GAT2Put5d.y55Cmk8f0lMUdqzBTZPFOVDQ",mdrd: "CpycRHqwHtEjKwLWNytY3ucSFXDlzyRP9xuB0vRv1x0-1740031285-1.2.1.1-dif1MOv1S32F7pjw0bV_9Y887OA_M8u7uRkTXegC4bys2S4ESpSKHXVTexl1MI59WaWp9UnIErdiyJ4zSurQ3D.3rzH_zJaR2HnQAHyyaqbskf2DQOVWkTCOO_D0Ake2uLK5ek9VXHGqbndJulC1xNnYQtAHo.6x14Sn_rcWOCFlpRGqSlsYcmxY0gXlWmY58oqeGMZeINGkI2CFk9HDgqo9ZWmJm8mBoBgTBHwPvNdYFmYWy84JlG8Q4NVzIIEZ8Ze_.Yt3OmltixdG_Mba_zVLN.Hr6HoHuY3mFrcMstD_Z78_mxCNf.7g_IyIg0q0zUytFVekMT7T3I.TTaeeSik51JdYpJCzGcx94witJWu8E3T_xbUFYKbcgYk3bFYYWTMoLR4ya007m79ASIBJ2oxfis8133zK2nXLd4nJZ7NO3EUEWLbRILzYF9Hyj4aQIRjYOSg_hrivC2fj257lnF.qIdixZuf_7da38EoGH48MzDo4MUlYdUJkHg_iNse8GXNVZ5ZtgBtbgiVf9dFbs0MaCUXsnQbSCTOqna6DDUJEPp8zijphsDymEhuXGac.aTgq8OfIw.7xbig1GkpE9Yo9_rXvXpF_K_B_pMSzcpbsDO2osYKLmnXm5Dq1IhqOBWiUf6Ev1UykuLXSSL54tLsptl7LP.iT2HN5mqlg2E0J47F334QFYIhkvjLjNvSbXuj.AB6eQbMd6iiFM_XuWLVxhIRtiRYOodFimqxBHKUqi9fJKtTFzWxdNwWR.TTeqMA1o2oQaBSpt.UtvftZUiwtbeBcYKVLiEKwbZOidbO6XEh6qHmsnyhK0iGBBvIKFTLy1kPFVudl3CgDVAF2erQLazFoOUjSsT0K5My26777fDqgQBfaoJjA_aozm4WF8T.RuUZ0y7CZhf0X_P7lLu0EchpoeRo.gOs7yf5XsCJbhXOE9zxYE4PLX0bNqwzSlqjmrYdJxIS0.BPKjO3814GiO.f3j0IgljYHgOKzoHS.V5Yty8XtSrz9RM1jiNSnUdzacTOhcA9mIH7nM.7p88_BIzC3thM__OX8EKIvIMwoOObPT2JLC5hznFgPVeS8CMEl6oSTpH64D84m1qk7mQDdOqxad2S3qsgaiB5M9kxueR4dv3xYiskVh3jiYpMQjxn.NstC04luwNC_Yx2h6xppS8rzT245IiegJvVh1qtP9EOcdWImNd3gw_ee1ABGsGAt0t4f1z16XIrViPCo4x.eHqV4FtWuyXzqNJ8qE45AKBMBRPLubTwrv8q7DQEDiIyvj3SXntZkfgvKwi8ec2x7ok9.YEPV_gNL7JwznwmPhwpR9Q4G43KLVZPd6LIRBA4.4IJgHLoxQgFu.JkkCKEYePbHbuktpsXgrUlnbXxnz.jel1Goafy7BfqTiUwpHfd.4bBQhSOf27ZnaKlvR0P.UUaTYIejY02PIZpliD4bJHwd0kdwsP1WK50MycIuOHehEpTthWjFKiIunX2pilqR7bsxQkG4hMoMz_wfAzhBWUArJBXTS9u3niL_g1xjaI280201KyHw77FIkRz_7f6u3gUjBmZW0Lcbq0bbE50oJqx.UuZaeKwML75rLfyIHjF8Z.jA.FLTfL8VY0dbXCFAYMYYJO4Zq0AZC1AvP8xSsRk8jPST1urhX698ybP_OhorFTiA7xjY64Drpj8Vz.OBZGmIk90m20gM0I9aM3Heruv37qDKrVJFC9Lw9.NOn00YdDJzmpLUh2kn2PbnOyBcHAeLVQ7zMr_OB11aO4hD4xzaNZJkjFozbJ1xPXJMW0r1lObGSUzuG.y27pncZ6lbCkKTvXJldec7olH4bhIUrrnn39gzfaHEmvuXsRwpGrK1xC3r8sXceJ8fTLIdVrMc5toOPkyXo6pRQp.ieaVF3izF5w0yjTc0G2.2DFUyXi2VmQtJnWKcIOzxd.z8FhCZ.idsujXHZ5dTQ7ERt4hcxHlOeinaxGbG9dlILhm3Sl9BetmzcWWCOG1IGLj8Kg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914c483019ca9c41';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/2042\/mla?__cf_chl_rt_tk=MzWlSu1TsIS5CZQnqXjnuYmkVk2LX9xb01Os1kyNHvY-1740031285-1.0.1.1-kQJsIzd_Eot7M46Y1zE.HAyuN2i3.hcYuOFRRdpbJP0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>