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18.75rem){.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:100%;}}.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding-right:3rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{padding-right:0;}}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList 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0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;pointer-events:none;opacity:0;box-sizing:border-box;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;min-width:1.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;text-align:center;margin-right:0.3125rem;}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0071F1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.625rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-1umnoc2-VerticalSeparator{display:block;border-left:0.0625rem solid #E6E8EA;height:1.5rem;margin-top:1rem;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:0.375rem;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >*{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList{padding-left:0.75rem;}.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:last-child{display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(1){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(2){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(3){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 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1);}}.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FA6400;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;min-width:1.25rem;margin-top:-0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{min-width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{margin-top:0;min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:currentcolor;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{padding-left:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;width:2rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;width:1.5rem;height:1.375rem;vertical-align:-0.5em;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:none;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;background:none;min-width:1.25rem;text-align:center;margin-top:-0.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:currentcolor;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:3rem;width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{background:#F6F6F6;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:1rem;padding:0.75rem 0.625rem;margin-left:0.5rem;min-width:11.25rem;outline:0.0625rem solid transparent;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{display:none;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:active,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus{background:#E6E8EA;color:#000000;}}.ssrcss-1lc3dkf-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.625rem;height:1.625rem;vertical-align:middle;width:1.75rem;height:1.8125rem;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1lc3dkf-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1.375rem;height:1.375rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1lc3dkf-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:-0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-qefkng-SearchText{padding-left:0.5rem;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-qefkng-SearchText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer{overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-property:max-height,height;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);transition-delay:0s,0s,0.4s;transition-duration:0.4s,0.4s,0s;transition-property:max-height,height,display;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-duration:0.2s,0.2s,0s;}}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer:focus{outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu{height:0;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{visibility:visible;display:block;height:auto;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:28rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:8.125rem;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}.ssrcss-1obp207-MenuWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList:focus{outline:none;}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList>*{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-basis:50%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:50%;flex-basis:50%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList>*{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;}}@supports (display: grid){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{display:grid;grid-gap:0 0.5rem;gap:0 0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(7.5rem, 1fr));}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList>*{min-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(1){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(2){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(3){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(4){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(5){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(6){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 40.875rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(7){display:none;}}.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{height:1.75rem;margin:0.25rem 0;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-webkit-box-align:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{height:3.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{padding-right:1.25rem;}}.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem:focus>*::after,.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:currentcolor;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#EB1212;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FFD230;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#AAFF00;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0068FF;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0052A1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#589E50;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#482878;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#002856;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#149EDC;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FA6400;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1ejv6c9-CloseButtonWrapper{margin-top:0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:transparent;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper{border-bottom:2px solid transparent;-webkit-transition:border-bottom 0.2s;transition:border-bottom 0.2s;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;-webkit-transition:text-decoration 0.2s;transition:text-decoration 0.2s;}}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:hover,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:focus,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:active{cursor:pointer;background:#0051AD;color:#FFFFFF;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD;}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:hover .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:focus .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:active .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper{border-bottom:2px solid currentcolor;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:hover .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:focus .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:active .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;}}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:focus{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD,0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline-offset:calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem);}.ssrcss-1hfawy1-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.125rem;height:1.125rem;min-width:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}.ssrcss-12njlvq-ProductNavigationContainer{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;position:relative;}.ssrcss-1fa1ju1-Masthead{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;background:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-12x0ma7-ContentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-kpltdl-LogoWrapper{margin:0.25rem 0;}.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:auto;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none),(-ms-high-contrast: active){.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{width:100%;}}.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{display:block;padding:calc(0.75rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.625rem;fill:currentcolor;max-width:10rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(0.875rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.75rem;max-width:15.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(1rem - 0.25rem) 0;max-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-as2ggt-Navigation{border-top:0.0625rem solid #DB7F7F;}}html.no-js .ssrcss-wlpshj-MainNavBarContainer{border-bottom:0.25rem solid #B80000;}.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer .e14xdrat1 .eis6szr3:not(:last-of-type) .eis6szr2 .eis6szr1{border-right-style:solid;border-right-width:0.0625rem;border-right-color:#DB7F7F;}}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{position:absolute;right:0.5rem;top:0.25rem;background-color:transparent;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{top:0.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591{border:0.0625rem solid;border-color:#DB7F7F;}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover,.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:focus,.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active{color:#141414;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-color:transparent;}.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:relative;padding:0.5rem;cursor:pointer;color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#B80000;border:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{min-height:2.75rem;}}}.ssrcss-1m4972l-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-right:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:block;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{margin-left:-0.5rem;margin-right:-0.5rem;padding:0.5rem 0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{background-color:transparent;display:block;padding:0;margin:0;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{overflow-x:scroll;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;-ms-overflow-style:-ms-autohiding-scrollbar;-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none;}}}.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative;left:-0.5rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}}.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:relative;break-inside:avoid;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;}}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink{min-height:2.75rem;}}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-1u47p8g-LinkTextContainer{padding:0 0.45rem;}}.ssrcss-16neiqp-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-16neiqp-StyledLink{min-height:2.75rem;}}.ssrcss-16neiqp-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-16neiqp-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-16neiqp-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid 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.ssrcss-4dxdrt-ToggleContainer{background-color:#FFFFFF;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-4dxdrt-ToggleContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;}}.ssrcss-4dxdrt-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:-0.125rem;}.ssrcss-4dxdrt-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover::after,.ssrcss-4dxdrt-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active::after{position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;content:'';height:0.25rem;background-color:#FFFFFF;}html.no-js .ssrcss-4dxdrt-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover::after,html.no-js .ssrcss-4dxdrt-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active::after{background-color:transparent;}.ssrcss-d0wxg3-MenuContainer-MoreMenuWrapper{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}.ssrcss-6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer{margin:0 -0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer{margin:0 -1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer{margin:0;}}.ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer{display:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer{display:block;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer{margin-left:-0.5rem;margin-right:-0.5rem;padding:0.5rem 0;}}.ssrcss-1ozjcqo-StyledMenuList{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1ozjcqo-StyledMenuList{-webkit-column-count:3;column-count:3;-webkit-column-gap:1rem;column-gap:1rem;-webkit-column-rule:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;column-rule:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1ozjcqo-StyledMenuList{-webkit-column-count:4;column-count:4;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1ozjcqo-StyledMenuList{-webkit-column-count:6;column-count:6;}}.ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:relative;break-inside:avoid;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:none;}}.ssrcss-1te9xty-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-1te9xty-StyledLink{min-height:2.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1te9xty-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-1te9xty-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-1te9xty-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem 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56.25rem){.ssrcss-q03fby-ContainerWithSidebarWrapper{display:grid;grid-gap:1rem;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) 18.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1ki8hfp-StyledZone{max-width:50rem;}.ssrcss-15tkd6i-ArticleWrapper{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;color:#141414;margin-bottom:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;}.ssrcss-189djqm-ComponentWrapper{margin:1.5rem 0;max-width:50rem;margin-top:2.5rem;margin-bottom:2.5rem;}.ssrcss-189djqm-ComponentWrapper >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:1rem;}.ssrcss-1s9pby4-Heading{font-family:ReithSerif,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:500;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:2rem;line-height:1.125;margin:0;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1s9pby4-Heading{font-size:2.75rem;line-height:1.0909090909090908;}}.ssrcss-1s9pby4-Heading:focus{outline-style:none;}.ssrcss-1s9pby4-Heading:focus-visible{outline-style:auto;}.ssrcss-1ik71mx-MetadataStripContainer{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' 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#B80000;}.ssrcss-44a2yh-Button:focus:enabled{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #B80000,0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline-offset:calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem);}.ssrcss-1a1fy59-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1em;height:1em;min-width:1.25rem;vertical-align:-0.125em;}.ssrcss-1ygg789-StyledPanelContent{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;border:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:absolute;top:calc(100% + 1.5rem);left:0;width:-webkit-max-content;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content;z-index:1000;max-width:95vw;}@supports (clip-path: inset(100%)){.ssrcss-1ygg789-StyledPanelContent::after{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-1ygg789-StyledPanelContent::before{background-color:#8A8C8E;}}@media (forced-colors: active){@supports (clip-path: 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id="main-heading" type="headline" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-1s9pby4-Heading e10rt3ze0">Malta country profile</h1><div><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1ik71mx-MetadataStripContainer eh44mf03"><div class="ssrcss-13nu8ri-GroupChildrenForWrapping eh44mf02"><li role="listitem" class="ssrcss-30fcoe-MetadataStripItem eh44mf01"><div class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Published</div><div class="ssrcss-m5j4pi-MetadataContent eh44mf00"><span class="ssrcss-1pvwv4b-MetadataSnippet e4wm5bw3"><span class="ssrcss-61mhsj-MetadataText e4wm5bw1"><time data-testid="timestamp" dateTime="2023-06-19T10:34:56.000Z"><span data-testid="time-and-date:clock" class="ssrcss-1mh4yp1-IconContainer e4wm5bw0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M16 31c8.5 0 15-6.5 15-15S24.5 1 16 1 1 7.5 1 16s6.5 15 15 15m0-2.7C9 28.3 3.7 23 3.7 16S9 3.7 16 3.7 28.3 9 28.3 16 23 28.3 16 28.3m6.2-6.7 1-1.5-5.7-4.5-.6-8.6H15l-.7 10.5z"></path></svg></span>19 June 2023</time></span></span></div></li></div></ul></div><div class="ssrcss-oak0za"><div data-testid="information-panel" class="ssrcss-5tewi8-StyledInformationPanel eu74mg85"><div><div data-testid="information-panel-button"><button width="content-length" type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" class="ssrcss-44a2yh-Button eoocusk1"><span data-testid="actions:share" class="ssrcss-1a1fy59-IconWrapper eoocusk0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M7.8 17 25.3 7l-1.2-2.3L6.6 15zm-1.2 0 17.5 10.3 1.2-2.3L7.8 15zm5.6-1c0-2.7-2.2-5-5-5-2.7 0-4.9 2.2-4.9 5 0 2.7 2.2 4.9 4.9 4.9 2.8 0 5-2.2 5-4.9M29.7 5.9c0-2.7-2.2-5-5-5-2.7 0-4.9 2.2-4.9 5 0 2.7 2.2 4.9 4.9 4.9 2.8 0 5-2.2 5-4.9m0 20.2c0-2.7-2.2-5-5-5-2.7 0-4.9 2.2-4.9 5 0 2.7 2.2 4.9 4.9 4.9 2.8.1 5-2.2 5-4.9"></path></svg><span class="visually-hidden 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data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Map of Malta" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/07E8/production/_130142020_bbcm_malta_country_profile_combined_080623.png 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span></div></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">The Maltese archipelago has a history of colonial control spanning centuries.</b></p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Located south of the Italian island of Sicily between Europe and North Africa, the islands have been occupied by Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, the Knights of Malta, and latterly France and Britain.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Independence from Britain was achieved in 1964, after the Maltese people were awarded the George Cross for defending the crucial military bases there during World War Two.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Over the centuries, Malta's strategic position has fostered its development as an important trading post, and it remains a leading centre for container and freight transhipment.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Malta is a popular holiday destination, and tourism is the nation's main source of income.</p></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><div class="ssrcss-1le81vw-ListContainer e5tfeyi0"><ul role="list"><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Read more <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/country_profiles/" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">country profiles<span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">, <!-- -->external</span></a> - Profiles by <a href="https://monitoring.bbc.co.uk/" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">BBC Monitoring<span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">, <!-- -->external</span></a></p></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="REPUBLIC-OF-MALTA-FACTS-" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">REPUBLIC OF MALTA: FACTS </span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><div class="ssrcss-1le81vw-ListContainer e5tfeyi0"><ul role="list"><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Capital: </b>Valletta </p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Area:</b> 316 sq km</p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Population:</b> 519,500 million</p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Languages:</b> Maltese, English</p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Life expectancy:</b> 80 years (men) 84 years (women)</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="LEADERS" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">LEADERS</span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">President: George Vella</b></p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Maltese President George Vella" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/AA86/production/_127945634_malta.png 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Maltese Presidency</span></div></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">George Vella was elected unopposed as Malta's tenth president in April 2019 in a parliamentary vote. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">He is a veteran Labour Party politician, who has served variously as deputy prime minister and foreign minister.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The presidency is a largely symbolic post. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Prime Minister: Robert Abela</b></p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Maltese Prime Minister Robert Abela" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/16C28/production/_130142239_bdd150a1-840d-4ca1-a582-ca724f2c2f44.png 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Robert Abela took over as prime minister and Labour Party leader in January 2020, when his predecessor Joseph Muscat resigned in the fallout from the murder of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">In March 2022, the ruling Labour party, led by Abela, won its third successive election.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Muscat had been credited with boosting Malta's economy, but criticised for failing to rein in the corruption that Ms Caruana Galizia was investigating when she was killed by a car bomb in 2017.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Muscat's handling of the murder inquiry caused widespread anger and he was accused of protecting allies implicated in the investigation, which he denies. </p></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="MEDIA-" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">MEDIA </span></h2></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="People holding placards reading "Mafia government" and photos of killed journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia, stage a protest on 29 November, 2019" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-179o3th-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Protesters hold photos of murdered journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Many of Malta's newspapers and broadcasters have strong political affiliations. Dailies and weeklies appear in Maltese and English.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Maltese radio began in the mid-1930s, partly to counter Fascist propaganda broadcasts from Italy.</p></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><div class="ssrcss-1le81vw-ListContainer e5tfeyi0"><ul role="list"><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/world-europe-17598077" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Read full media profile</a></p></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="TIMELINE-" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">TIMELINE </span></h2></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Mnjadra temple, Malta" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-179o3th-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Mnajdra and other Megalithic temples on Malta were built during three distinct periods approximately between 3600-2500BC</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Some key dates in Malta's history: </b></p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">5200BC</b> - Arrival of European Neolithic settlers, mainly from Sicily. A significant prehistoric Neolithic culture emerges marked by the building of Megalithic temples such as Gigantija, Hagar Qim, Mnajdra and Ta Hagrat between 3600-2500BC.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">800-700BC</b> - Phoenicians and subsequently their successors the Carthaginians colonise the islands, using the archipelago as a base from which to expand their trade across the Mediterranean.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">216BC</b> - Rome conquers the islands, which then become part of the Roman empire from 1st-4th Centuries.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">4th-9th Centuries </b>- Islands under Byzantine rule.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">870-1091</b> - Arab invasion and occupation of the islands.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1091</b> - Normans conquer the islands, which then become part of the Kingdom of Sicily.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1530</b> - Holy Roman Emperor Charles V gives the islands to the Order of Knights of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem in perpetual lease - in return for an annual fee of one Maltese falcon.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1551</b> - Unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to invade Malta</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1565</b> - Great Siege of Malta: the climax of an escalating contest during the 16th Century between allied Christian states and and the Islamic Ottoman Empire for control of the Mediterranean. The Ottoman Sultan, Suleiman the Magnificent, sends a 40,000-strong force to besiege the outnumbered defenders on Malta. The four-month attempt ends in failure for the Ottomans.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1798 </b>- French forces capture Malta from the Knights of Malta,</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1800 </b>- French troops surrender to British forces after a Royal Navy blockade.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1814 </b>- The Treaty of Vienna ends the Napoleonic Wars, and grants Malta as a crown colony to Britain. Along with Gibraltar, Malta becomes Britain's key naval base in the Mediterranean.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Bomb damage during the Second World War" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-179o3th-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Malta was a key British base during World War Two and was heavily bombed by the German and Italian air forces</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1939-1945</b> - Malta suffers heavy bombing by German and Italian air forces targeting Allied bases. King George VI awards colony the George Cross - Britain's highest civilian decoration - for heroism.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1947 </b>- Self-government granted.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1964-71</b> - Independence granted. Conservative Nationalist Party pursues pro-Western policies.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1971 </b>- Dom Mintoff's Labour Party takes power, and reorients Malta towards Libya and the Communist bloc.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1974 </b>- Malta becomes republic.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1979 </b>- Closure of last British military base.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">1987 </b>- Victory of Nationalist Party marks move toward European integration, three years after Dom Mintoff resigns. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">2004 </b>May - Malta is one of 10 new states to join the EU.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">2008 </b>- Malta adopts the euro.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">2011 </b>- Maltese parliament passes law allowing divorce after the move is approved in a referendum. The overwhelmingly Catholic country was the last in Europe to maintain a divorce ban.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">2017 </b>- Reporter Daphne Caruana Galizia is killed by a car bomb after campaigning against corruption in high places. Mass protests in Malta lead to pressure on the authorities to allow an independent public inquiry.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">2020 </b>- Labour Prime Minister Joseph Muscat quits in a political scandal over the murder of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Migrants landing in Malta" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EB7A/production/_88828206_malta_migrants_g.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-179o3th-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Malta has become a major destination for Europe-bound migrants</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="topic-list" class="ssrcss-1qmkvfu-TopicListWrapper etw6iwl1"><div class="ssrcss-113c0cq-StyledTagContainer ed0g1kj1"><div 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2017.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Muscat had been credited with boosting Malta's economy, but criticised for failing to rein in the corruption that Ms Caruana Galizia was investigating when she was killed by a car bomb in 2017.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Muscat's handling of the murder inquiry caused widespread anger and he was accused of protecting allies implicated in the investigation, which he denies. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Muscat's handling of the murder inquiry caused widespread anger and he was accused of protecting allies implicated in the investigation, which he denies. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"subheadline\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"MEDIA \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"MEDIA \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}],\"level\":2,\"fontScale\":\"headlineSmall\",\"id\":\"MEDIA-\",\"isFocusable\":true}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Protesters hold photos of murdered journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Protesters hold photos of murdered journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"People holding placards reading \\\"Mafia government\\\" and photos of killed journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia, stage a protest on 29 November, 2019\",\"copyright\":\"Getty Images\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/F8A6/production/_127945636_gettyimages-1185491968.jpg.webp 240w, 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Dailies and weeklies appear in Maltese and English.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many of Malta's newspapers and broadcasters have strong political affiliations. Dailies and weeklies appear in Maltese and English.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Maltese radio began in the mid-1930s, partly to counter Fascist propaganda broadcasts from Italy.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Maltese radio began in the mid-1930s, partly to counter Fascist propaganda broadcasts from Italy.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"unorderedList\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Read full media profile\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Read full media profile\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-europe-17598077\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Read full media profile\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"subheadline\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"TIMELINE \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"TIMELINE \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}],\"level\":2,\"fontScale\":\"headlineSmall\",\"id\":\"TIMELINE-\",\"isFocusable\":true}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mnajdra and other Megalithic temples on Malta were built during three distinct periods approximately between 3600-2500BC\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mnajdra and other Megalithic temples on Malta were built during three distinct periods approximately between 3600-2500BC\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Mnjadra temple, Malta\",\"copyright\":\"Getty Images\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/F6F8/production/_130142236_gettyimages-146820170.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Some key dates in Malta's history: \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Some key dates in Malta's history: \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"5200BC - Arrival of European Neolithic settlers, mainly from Sicily. A significant prehistoric Neolithic culture emerges marked by the building of Megalithic temples such as Gigantija, Hagar Qim, Mnajdra and Ta Hagrat between 3600-2500BC.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"5200BC\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Arrival of European Neolithic settlers, mainly from Sicily. A significant prehistoric Neolithic culture emerges marked by the building of Megalithic temples such as Gigantija, Hagar Qim, Mnajdra and Ta Hagrat between 3600-2500BC.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"800-700BC - Phoenicians and subsequently their successors the Carthaginians colonise the islands, using the archipelago as a base from which to expand their trade across the Mediterranean.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"800-700BC\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Phoenicians and subsequently their successors the Carthaginians colonise the islands, using the archipelago as a base from which to expand their trade across the Mediterranean.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"216BC - Rome conquers the islands, which then become part of the Roman empire from 1st-4th Centuries.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"216BC\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Rome conquers the islands, which then become part of the Roman empire from 1st-4th Centuries.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"4th-9th Centuries - Islands under Byzantine rule.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"4th-9th Centuries \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Islands under Byzantine rule.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"870-1091 - Arab invasion and occupation of the islands.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"870-1091\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Arab invasion and occupation of the islands.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1091 - Normans conquer the islands, which then become part of the Kingdom of Sicily.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1091\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Normans conquer the islands, which then become part of the Kingdom of Sicily.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1530 - Holy Roman Emperor Charles V gives the islands to the Order of Knights of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem in perpetual lease - in return for an annual fee of one Maltese falcon.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1530\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Holy Roman Emperor Charles V gives the islands to the Order of Knights of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem in perpetual lease - in return for an annual fee of one Maltese falcon.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1551 - Unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to invade Malta\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1551\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to invade Malta\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1565 - Great Siege of Malta: the climax of an escalating contest during the 16th Century between allied Christian states and and the Islamic Ottoman Empire for control of the Mediterranean. The Ottoman Sultan, Suleiman the Magnificent, sends a 40,000-strong force to besiege the outnumbered defenders on Malta. The four-month attempt ends in failure for the Ottomans.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1565\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Great Siege of Malta: the climax of an escalating contest during the 16th Century between allied Christian states and and the Islamic Ottoman Empire for control of the Mediterranean. The Ottoman Sultan, Suleiman the Magnificent, sends a 40,000-strong force to besiege the outnumbered defenders on Malta. The four-month attempt ends in failure for the Ottomans.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1798 - French forces capture Malta from the Knights of Malta,\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1798 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- French forces capture Malta from the Knights of Malta,\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1800 - French troops surrender to British forces after a Royal Navy blockade.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1800 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- French troops surrender to British forces after a Royal Navy blockade.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1814 - The Treaty of Vienna ends the Napoleonic Wars, and grants Malta as a crown colony to Britain. Along with Gibraltar, Malta becomes Britain's key naval base in the Mediterranean.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1814 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- The Treaty of Vienna ends the Napoleonic Wars, and grants Malta as a crown colony to Britain. Along with Gibraltar, Malta becomes Britain's key naval base in the Mediterranean.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Malta was a key British base during World War Two and was heavily bombed by the German and Italian air forces\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Malta was a key British base during World War Two and was heavily bombed by the German and Italian air forces\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Bomb damage during the Second World War\",\"copyright\":\"Getty Images\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/9D5A/production/_88828204_malta_bomb_damage_g.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1939-1945 - Malta suffers heavy bombing by German and Italian air forces targeting Allied bases. King George VI awards colony the George Cross - Britain's highest civilian decoration - for heroism.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1939-1945\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Malta suffers heavy bombing by German and Italian air forces targeting Allied bases. King George VI awards colony the George Cross - Britain's highest civilian decoration - for heroism.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1947 - Self-government granted.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1947 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Self-government granted.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1964-71 - Independence granted. Conservative Nationalist Party pursues pro-Western policies.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1964-71\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" - Independence granted. Conservative Nationalist Party pursues pro-Western policies.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1971 - Dom Mintoff's Labour Party takes power, and reorients Malta towards Libya and the Communist bloc.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1971 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Dom Mintoff's Labour Party takes power, and reorients Malta towards Libya and the Communist bloc.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1974 - Malta becomes republic.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1974 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Malta becomes republic.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1979 - Closure of last British military base.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1979 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Closure of last British military base.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1987 - Victory of Nationalist Party marks move toward European integration, three years after Dom Mintoff resigns. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"1987 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Victory of Nationalist Party marks move toward European integration, three years after Dom Mintoff resigns. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2004 May - Malta is one of 10 new states to join the EU.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2004 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"May - Malta is one of 10 new states to join the EU.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2008 - Malta adopts the euro.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2008 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Malta adopts the euro.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2011 - Maltese parliament passes law allowing divorce after the move is approved in a referendum. The overwhelmingly Catholic country was the last in Europe to maintain a divorce ban.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2011 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Maltese parliament passes law allowing divorce after the move is approved in a referendum. The overwhelmingly Catholic country was the last in Europe to maintain a divorce ban.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2017 - Reporter Daphne Caruana Galizia is killed by a car bomb after campaigning against corruption in high places. Mass protests in Malta lead to pressure on the authorities to allow an independent public inquiry.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2017 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Reporter Daphne Caruana Galizia is killed by a car bomb after campaigning against corruption in high places. Mass protests in Malta lead to pressure on the authorities to allow an independent public inquiry.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2020 - Labour Prime Minister Joseph Muscat quits in a political scandal over the murder of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"2020 \",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"- Labour Prime Minister Joseph Muscat quits in a political scandal over the murder of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Malta has become a major destination for Europe-bound migrants\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Malta has become a major destination for Europe-bound migrants\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Migrants landing in 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