CINXE.COM
Patents
<!doctype html> <html class="ltr" dir="ltr" lang="en-US"> <head> <base href="https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents/"> <title>Patents</title> <meta content="initial-scale=1.0, width=device-width" name="viewport"> <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content-type"> <meta content="Interested in how patents can be used to protect inventions? Discover all you need to know about patents at the international level." lang="en-US" name="description"> <meta content="patents, IPC, PATENTSCOPE, patent rights, what is a patent, international patent, what can be patented, SCP, PCT patent, patent search" lang="en-US" name="keywords"> <script type="importmap">{"imports":{"react-dom":"/o/frontend-js-react-web/__liferay__/exports/react-dom.js","@clayui/breadcrumb":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$breadcrumb.js","@clayui/form":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$form.js","@clayui/popover":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$popover.js","@clayui/charts":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$charts.js","@clayui/shared":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$shared.js","@clayui/localized-input":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$localized-input.js","@clayui/modal":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$modal.js","@clayui/empty-state":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$empty-state.js","react":"/o/frontend-js-react-web/__liferay__/exports/react.js","@clayui/navigation-bar":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$navigation-bar.js","@clayui/color-picker":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$color-picker.js","@clayui/pagination":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$pagination.js","@clayui/icon":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$icon.js","@clayui/table":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$table.js","@clayui/autocomplete":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$autocomplete.js","@clayui/slider":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$slider.js","@clayui/management-toolbar":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$management-toolbar.js","@clayui/multi-select":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$multi-select.js","@clayui/nav":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$nav.js","@clayui/time-picker":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$time-picker.js","@clayui/provider":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$provider.js","@clayui/upper-toolbar":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$upper-toolbar.js","@clayui/panel":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$panel.js","@clayui/loading-indicator":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$loading-indicator.js","@clayui/list":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$list.js","@clayui/drop-down":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$drop-down.js","@clayui/date-picker":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$date-picker.js","@clayui/label":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$label.js","@clayui/data-provider":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$data-provider.js","@liferay/frontend-js-api/data-set":"/o/frontend-js-dependencies-web/__liferay__/exports/@liferay$js-api$data-set.js","@clayui/core":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$core.js","@clayui/pagination-bar":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$pagination-bar.js","@clayui/layout":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$layout.js","@clayui/multi-step-nav":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$multi-step-nav.js","@liferay/frontend-js-api":"/o/frontend-js-dependencies-web/__liferay__/exports/@liferay$js-api.js","@clayui/toolbar":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$toolbar.js","@clayui/css":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$css.js","@clayui/badge":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$badge.js","@clayui/alert":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$alert.js","@clayui/link":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$link.js","@clayui/card":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$card.js","@clayui/progress-bar":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$progress-bar.js","@clayui/tooltip":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$tooltip.js","@clayui/button":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$button.js","@clayui/tabs":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$tabs.js","@clayui/sticker":"/o/frontend-taglib-clay/__liferay__/exports/@clayui$sticker.js"},"scopes":{}}</script> <script data-senna-track="permanent" src="/o/frontend-js-svg4everybody-web/index.js?&mac=xBimnpl6PfodLjk5lbNNRjGpEMw=&browserId=other&languageId=en_US&minifierType=js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script data-senna-track="temporary">var Liferay = window.Liferay || {};Liferay.Icons = Liferay.Icons || {};Liferay.Icons.controlPanelSpritemap = 'https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/admin-theme/images/clay/icons.svg';Liferay.Icons.spritemap = 'https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/images/clay/icons.svg';</script> <link data-senna-track="permanent" href="https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/frontend-theme-font-awesome-web/css/main.css?&mac=KWb8CY3oOhD728SI0G+NfXJbH/E=&browserId=other&languageId=en_US&minifierType=css&themeId=wipouniversaltheme_WAR_wipouniversaltheme" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <script data-senna-track="permanent" src="/combo?browserId=other&minifierType=js&languageId=en_US&t=1733223278311&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/jquery.min.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/init.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/ajax.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/bootstrap.bundle.min.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/collapsible_search.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/fm.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/form.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/popper.min.js&/o/frontend-js-jquery-web/jquery/side_navigation.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents" rel="canonical"> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/es/web/patents" hreflang="es-ES" rel="alternate"> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/zh/web/patents" hreflang="zh-CN" rel="alternate"> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/ru/web/patents" hreflang="ru-RU" rel="alternate"> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/ar/web/patents" hreflang="ar-SA" rel="alternate"> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/fr/web/patents" hreflang="fr-FR" rel="alternate"> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents" hreflang="en-US" rel="alternate"> <link data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents" hreflang="x-default" rel="alternate"> <meta property="og:description" content="Interested in how patents can be used to protect inventions? Discover all you need to know about patents at the international level."> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="ar_SA"> <meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="es_ES"> <meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="fr_FR"> <meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="ru_RU"> <meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="zh_CN"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="patents"> <meta property="og:title" content="Patents"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.wipo.int/web/patents"> <link href="https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/images/favicon.ico" rel="apple-touch-icon"> <link href="https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/images/favicon.ico" rel="icon"> <link class="lfr-css-file" data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/css/clay.css?browserId=other&themeId=wipouniversaltheme_WAR_wipouniversaltheme&minifierType=css&languageId=en_US&t=1733223278000" id="liferayAUICSS" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link href="/combo?browserId=other&minifierType=css&themeId=wipouniversaltheme_WAR_wipouniversaltheme&languageId=en_US&com_liferay_portal_search_web_search_bar_portlet_SearchBarPortlet_INSTANCE_templateSearch:%2Fo%2Fportal-search-web%2Fcss%2Fmain.css&com_liferay_product_navigation_product_menu_web_portlet_ProductMenuPortlet:%2Fo%2Fproduct-navigation-product-menu-web%2Fcss%2Fmain.css&com_liferay_product_navigation_user_personal_bar_web_portlet_ProductNavigationUserPersonalBarPortlet:%2Fo%2Fcom.liferay.product.navigation.user.personal.bar.web%2Fcss%2Fmain.css&com_liferay_site_navigation_menu_web_portlet_SiteNavigationMenuPortlet:%2Fo%2Fsite-navigation-menu-web%2Fcss%2Fmain.css&t=1733223278000" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" data-senna-track="temporary" id="b01e505f"> <script data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ var Liferay = Liferay || {}; Liferay.Browser = { acceptsGzip: function() { return false; }, getMajorVersion: function() { return 0; }, getRevision: function() { return ''; }, getVersion: function() { return ''; }, isAir: function() { return false; }, isChrome: function() { return false; }, isEdge: function() { return false; }, isFirefox: function() { return false; }, isGecko: function() { return false; }, isIe: function() { return false; }, isIphone: function() { return false; }, isLinux: function() { return false; }, isMac: function() { return false; }, isMobile: function() { return false; }, isMozilla: function() { return false; }, isOpera: function() { return false; }, isRtf: function() { return false; }, isSafari: function() { return false; }, isSun: function() { return false; }, isWebKit: function() { return false; }, isWindows: function() { return false; } }; Liferay.Data = Liferay.Data || {}; Liferay.Data.ICONS_INLINE_SVG = true; Liferay.Data.NAV_SELECTOR = '#navigation'; Liferay.Data.NAV_SELECTOR_MOBILE = '#navigationCollapse'; Liferay.Data.isCustomizationView = function() { return false; }; Liferay.Data.notices = [ ]; (function () { var available = {}; var direction = {}; available['en_US'] = 'English\x20\x28United\x20States\x29'; direction['en_US'] = 'ltr'; available['es_ES'] = 'Spanish\x20\x28Spain\x29'; direction['es_ES'] = 'ltr'; available['fr_FR'] = 'French\x20\x28France\x29'; direction['fr_FR'] = 'ltr'; available['ru_RU'] = 'Russian\x20\x28Russia\x29'; direction['ru_RU'] = 'ltr'; available['zh_CN'] = 'Chinese\x20\x28China\x29'; direction['zh_CN'] = 'ltr'; available['ar_SA'] = 'Arabic\x20\x28Saudi\x20Arabia\x29'; direction['ar_SA'] = 'rtl'; available['de_DE'] = 'German\x20\x28Germany\x29'; direction['de_DE'] = 'ltr'; available['pt_PT'] = 'Portuguese\x20\x28Portugal\x29'; direction['pt_PT'] = 'ltr'; available['ja_JP'] = 'Japanese\x20\x28Japan\x29'; direction['ja_JP'] = 'ltr'; available['ko_KR'] = 'Korean\x20\x28South\x20Korea\x29'; direction['ko_KR'] = 'ltr'; Liferay.Language = { available, direction, get: function(key) { return key; } }; })(); var featureFlags = {"LPS-170122":false,"LPS-190890":false,"COMMERCE-9410":false,"LPS-172903":false,"LPS-178642":false,"LPS-187284":false,"LRAC-10632":false,"LPS-187285":false,"LPS-189187":false,"LPS-114786":false,"COMMERCE-8087":false,"LRAC-10757":false,"LPS-180090":false,"LPS-170809":false,"LPS-178052":false,"LPS-189856":false,"LPS-188645":false,"LPS-182184":false,"LPS-157670":false,"COMMERCE-11026":false,"LPS-180328":false,"COMMERCE-11028":false,"LPS-169923":false,"LPS-171364":false,"LPS-192282":false,"COMMERCE-11181":false,"LPS-153714":false,"COMMERCE-10890":false,"LPS-170670":false,"LPS-169981":false,"LPS-177664":false,"LPS-177027":false,"LPS-177668":false,"LPS-172416":false,"LPS-172017":false,"LPS-163118":false,"LPS-135430":false,"LPS-134060":false,"LPS-164563":false,"LPS-122920":false,"LPS-148856":false,"LPS-173135":false,"LPS-182728":false,"LPS-167253":false,"LPS-169992":false,"LPS-187142":false,"LPS-183498":false,"LRAC-14055":false,"LPS-187854":false,"LPS-179483":false,"LPS-166479":false,"LPS-165346":false,"LPS-144527":false,"COMMERCE-8949":false,"LPS-188060":false,"LPS-149256":false,"LPS-165482":false,"COMMERCE-11287":false,"LPS-174939":false,"LPS-174816":false,"LPS-186360":false,"LPS-189430":false,"LPS-153332":false,"LPS-179669":false,"LPS-174417":false,"LPS-183882":false,"LPS-155284":false,"LPS-186558":false,"LPS-176083":false,"LPS-158675":false,"LPS-184413":false,"LPS-184016":false,"LPS-180292":false,"LPS-159643":false,"LPS-161033":false,"LPS-164948":false,"LPS-184255":false,"LPS-129412":false,"LPS-183727":false,"LPS-166126":false,"LPS-182512":false,"LPS-187846":false,"LPS-186757":false}; Liferay.FeatureFlags = Object.keys(featureFlags).reduce( (acc, key) => ({ ...acc, [key]: featureFlags[key] === 'true' || featureFlags[key] === true }), {} ); Liferay.PortletKeys = { DOCUMENT_LIBRARY: 'com_liferay_document_library_web_portlet_DLPortlet', DYNAMIC_DATA_MAPPING: 'com_liferay_dynamic_data_mapping_web_portlet_DDMPortlet', ITEM_SELECTOR: 'com_liferay_item_selector_web_portlet_ItemSelectorPortlet' }; Liferay.PropsValues = { JAVASCRIPT_SINGLE_PAGE_APPLICATION_TIMEOUT: 0, UPLOAD_SERVLET_REQUEST_IMPL_MAX_SIZE: 104857600 }; Liferay.ThemeDisplay = { getLayoutId: function() { return '93'; }, getLayoutRelativeControlPanelURL: function() { return '/en/group/patents/~/control_panel/manage'; }, getLayoutRelativeURL: function() { return '/en/web/patents/index'; }, getLayoutURL: function() { return 'https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents/index'; }, getParentLayoutId: function() { return '0'; }, isControlPanel: function() { return false; }, isPrivateLayout: function() { return 'false'; }, isVirtualLayout: function() { return false; }, getBCP47LanguageId: function() { return 'en-US'; }, getCanonicalURL: function() { return 'https\x3a\x2f\x2fwww\x2ewipo\x2eint\x2fweb\x2fpatents'; }, getCDNBaseURL: function() { return 'https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int'; }, getCDNDynamicResourcesHost: function() { return ''; }, getCDNHost: function() { return 'https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int'; }, getCompanyGroupId: function() { return '20123'; }, getCompanyId: function() { return '20097'; }, getDefaultLanguageId: function() { return 'en_US'; }, getDoAsUserIdEncoded: function() { return ''; }, getLanguageId: function() { return 'en_US'; }, getParentGroupId: function() { return '3198575'; }, getPathContext: function() { return ''; }, getPathImage: function() { return '/image'; }, getPathJavaScript: function() { return '/o/frontend-js-web'; }, getPathMain: function() { return '/en/c'; }, getPathThemeImages: function() { return 'https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/images'; }, getPathThemeRoot: function() { return '/o/wipo-universal-theme'; }, getPlid: function() { return '10567'; }, getPortalURL: function() { return 'https://www.wipo.int'; }, getRealUserId: function() { return '20102'; }, getRemoteAddr: function() { return '10.44.247.4'; }, getRemoteHost: function() { return '10.44.247.4'; }, getScopeGroupId: function() { return '3198575'; }, getScopeGroupIdOrLiveGroupId: function() { return '3198575'; }, getSessionId: function() { return ''; }, getSiteAdminURL: function() { return 'https://www.wipo.int/group/patents/~/control_panel/manage?p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=maximized&p_p_mode=view'; }, getSiteGroupId: function() { return '3198575'; }, getURLControlPanel: function() { return '/en/group/control_panel?refererPlid=10567'; }, getURLHome: function() { return 'https\x3a\x2f\x2fwww\x2ewipo\x2eint\x2fweb\x2fguest'; }, getUserEmailAddress: function() { return ''; }, getUserId: function() { return '20102'; }, getUserName: function() { return ''; }, isAddSessionIdToURL: function() { return false; }, isImpersonated: function() { return false; }, isSignedIn: function() { return false; }, isStagedPortlet: function() { return false; }, isStateExclusive: function() { return false; }, isStateMaximized: function() { return false; }, isStatePopUp: function() { return false; } }; var themeDisplay = Liferay.ThemeDisplay; Liferay.AUI = { getCombine: function() { return true; }, getComboPath: function() { return '/combo/?browserId=other&minifierType=&languageId=en_US&t=1733223274588&'; }, getDateFormat: function() { return '%m/%d/%Y'; }, getEditorCKEditorPath: function() { return '/o/frontend-editor-ckeditor-web'; }, getFilter: function() { var filter = 'raw'; filter = 'min'; return filter; }, getFilterConfig: function() { var instance = this; var filterConfig = null; if (!instance.getCombine()) { filterConfig = { replaceStr: '.js' + instance.getStaticResourceURLParams(), searchExp: '\\.js$' }; } return filterConfig; }, getJavaScriptRootPath: function() { return '/o/frontend-js-web'; }, getPortletRootPath: function() { return '/html/portlet'; }, getStaticResourceURLParams: function() { return '?browserId=other&minifierType=&languageId=en_US&t=1733223274588'; } }; Liferay.authToken = 'Q8fiEdjT'; Liferay.currentURL = '\x2fen\x2fweb\x2fpatents\x2f'; Liferay.currentURLEncoded = '\x252Fen\x252Fweb\x252Fpatents\x252F'; // ]]> </script> <script data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/javascript">window.__CONFIG__= {basePath: '',combine: true, defaultURLParams: null, explainResolutions: false, exposeGlobal: false, logLevel: 'warn', moduleType: 'module', namespace:'Liferay', reportMismatchedAnonymousModules: 'warn', resolvePath: '/o/js_resolve_modules/d3e77048-a4a3-461c-83d5-353d2779ca5d', url: '/combo/?browserId=other&minifierType=js&languageId=en_US&t=1733223274588&', waitTimeout: 60000};</script> <script data-senna-track="permanent" src="https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/frontend-js-loader-modules-extender/loader.js?&mac=kuyYLzgmJRuntKLenfFpZdHstco=&browserId=other&languageId=en_US&minifierType=js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script data-senna-track="permanent" src="/combo?browserId=other&minifierType=js&languageId=en_US&t=1733223274588&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/aui/aui-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/liferay/modules.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/liferay/aui_sandbox.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/attribute-base/attribute-base-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/attribute-complex/attribute-complex-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/attribute-core/attribute-core-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/attribute-observable/attribute-observable-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/attribute-extras/attribute-extras-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/event-custom-base/event-custom-base-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/event-custom-complex/event-custom-complex-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/oop/oop-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/aui/aui-base-lang/aui-base-lang-min.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/liferay/dependency.js&/o/frontend-js-aui-web/liferay/util.js&/o/frontend-js-web/liferay/dom_task_runner.js&/o/frontend-js-web/liferay/events.js&/o/frontend-js-web/liferay/lazy_load.js&/o/frontend-js-web/liferay/liferay.js&/o/frontend-js-web/liferay/global.bundle.js&/o/frontend-js-web/liferay/portlet.js&/o/frontend-js-web/liferay/workflow.js&/o/oauth2-provider-web/js/liferay.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/javascript">window.Liferay = Liferay || {}; window.Liferay.OAuth2 = {getAuthorizeURL: function() {return 'https://www.wipo.int/o/oauth2/authorize';}, getBuiltInRedirectURL: function() {return 'https://www.wipo.int/o/oauth2/redirect';}, getIntrospectURL: function() { return 'https://www.wipo.int/o/oauth2/introspect';}, getTokenURL: function() {return 'https://www.wipo.int/o/oauth2/token';}, getUserAgentApplication: function(externalReferenceCode) {return Liferay.OAuth2._userAgentApplications[externalReferenceCode];}, _userAgentApplications: {}}</script> <script data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/javascript">try {var MODULE_MAIN='portal-workflow-task-web@5.0.62/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/portal-workflow-task-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{workflowtasks:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-workflow-tasks":{path:"main.js",requires:["liferay-util-window"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='commerce-product-content-web@4.0.102/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/commerce-product-content-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{productcontent:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),modules:{"liferay-commerce-product-content":{path:"product_content.js",requires:["aui-base","aui-io-request","aui-parse-content","liferay-portlet-base","liferay-portlet-url"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='dynamic-data-mapping-web@5.0.93/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/dynamic-data-mapping-web';!function(){const a=Liferay.AUI;AUI().applyConfig({groups:{ddm:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:a.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-ddm-form":{path:"ddm_form.js",requires:["aui-base","aui-datatable","aui-datatype","aui-image-viewer","aui-parse-content","aui-set","aui-sortable-list","json","liferay-form","liferay-map-base","liferay-translation-manager","liferay-util-window"]},"liferay-portlet-dynamic-data-mapping":{condition:{trigger:"liferay-document-library"},path:"main.js",requires:["arraysort","aui-form-builder-deprecated","aui-form-validator","aui-map","aui-text-unicode","json","liferay-menu","liferay-translation-manager","liferay-util-window","text"]},"liferay-portlet-dynamic-data-mapping-custom-fields":{condition:{trigger:"liferay-document-library"},path:"custom_fields.js",requires:["liferay-portlet-dynamic-data-mapping"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}})}(); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='@liferay/frontend-taglib@12.3.5/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/frontend-taglib';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{"frontend-taglib":{base:MODULE_PATH+"/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-management-bar":{path:"management_bar/js/management_bar.js",requires:["aui-component","liferay-portlet-base"]},"liferay-sidebar-panel":{path:"sidebar_panel/js/sidebar_panel.js",requires:["aui-base","aui-debounce","aui-parse-content","liferay-portlet-base"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='calendar-web@5.0.78/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/calendar-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{calendar:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-calendar-a11y":{path:"calendar_a11y.js",requires:["calendar"]},"liferay-calendar-container":{path:"calendar_container.js",requires:["aui-alert","aui-base","aui-component","liferay-portlet-base"]},"liferay-calendar-date-picker-sanitizer":{path:"date_picker_sanitizer.js",requires:["aui-base"]},"liferay-calendar-interval-selector":{path:"interval_selector.js",requires:["aui-base","liferay-portlet-base"]},"liferay-calendar-interval-selector-scheduler-event-link":{path:"interval_selector_scheduler_event_link.js",requires:["aui-base","liferay-portlet-base"]},"liferay-calendar-list":{path:"calendar_list.js",requires:["aui-template-deprecated","liferay-scheduler"]},"liferay-calendar-message-util":{path:"message_util.js",requires:["liferay-util-window"]},"liferay-calendar-recurrence-converter":{path:"recurrence_converter.js",requires:[]},"liferay-calendar-recurrence-dialog":{path:"recurrence.js",requires:["aui-base","liferay-calendar-recurrence-util"]},"liferay-calendar-recurrence-util":{path:"recurrence_util.js",requires:["aui-base","liferay-util-window"]},"liferay-calendar-reminders":{path:"calendar_reminders.js",requires:["aui-base"]},"liferay-calendar-remote-services":{path:"remote_services.js",requires:["aui-base","aui-component","liferay-calendar-util","liferay-portlet-base"]},"liferay-calendar-session-listener":{path:"session_listener.js",requires:["aui-base","liferay-scheduler"]},"liferay-calendar-simple-color-picker":{path:"simple_color_picker.js",requires:["aui-base","aui-template-deprecated"]},"liferay-calendar-simple-menu":{path:"simple_menu.js",requires:["aui-base","aui-template-deprecated","event-outside","event-touch","widget-modality","widget-position","widget-position-align","widget-position-constrain","widget-stack","widget-stdmod"]},"liferay-calendar-util":{path:"calendar_util.js",requires:["aui-datatype","aui-io","aui-scheduler","aui-toolbar","autocomplete","autocomplete-highlighters"]},"liferay-scheduler":{path:"scheduler.js",requires:["async-queue","aui-datatype","aui-scheduler","dd-plugin","liferay-calendar-a11y","liferay-calendar-message-util","liferay-calendar-recurrence-converter","liferay-calendar-recurrence-util","liferay-calendar-util","liferay-scheduler-event-recorder","liferay-scheduler-models","promise","resize-plugin"]},"liferay-scheduler-event-recorder":{path:"scheduler_event_recorder.js",requires:["dd-plugin","liferay-calendar-util","resize-plugin"]},"liferay-scheduler-models":{path:"scheduler_models.js",requires:["aui-datatype","dd-plugin","liferay-calendar-util"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='staging-taglib@7.0.46/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/staging-taglib';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{stagingTaglib:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-export-import-management-bar-button":{path:"export_import_entity_management_bar_button/js/main.js",requires:["aui-component","liferay-search-container","liferay-search-container-select"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='journal-web@5.0.151/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/journal-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{journal:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-journal-navigation":{path:"navigation.js",requires:["aui-component","liferay-portlet-base","liferay-search-container"]},"liferay-portlet-journal":{path:"main.js",requires:["aui-base","liferay-portlet-base","liferay-util-window"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='frontend-editor-alloyeditor-web@5.0.42/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/frontend-editor-alloyeditor-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{alloyeditor:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-alloy-editor":{path:"alloyeditor.js",requires:["aui-component","liferay-portlet-base","timers"]},"liferay-alloy-editor-source":{path:"alloyeditor_source.js",requires:["aui-debounce","liferay-fullscreen-source-editor","liferay-source-editor","plugin"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='frontend-js-components-web@2.0.53/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/frontend-js-components-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{components:{mainModule:MODULE_MAIN}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='invitation-invite-members-web@5.0.29/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/invitation-invite-members-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{"invite-members":{base:MODULE_PATH+"/invite_members/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-portlet-invite-members":{path:"main.js",requires:["aui-base","autocomplete-base","datasource-io","datatype-number","liferay-portlet-base","liferay-util-window","node-core"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/invite_members/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='item-selector-taglib@5.3.14/index.es';var MODULE_PATH='/o/item-selector-taglib';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{"item-selector-taglib":{base:MODULE_PATH+"/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-image-selector":{path:"image_selector/js/image_selector.js",requires:["aui-base","liferay-item-selector-dialog","liferay-portlet-base","uploader"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='contacts-web@5.0.52/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/contacts-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{contactscenter:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-contacts-center":{path:"main.js",requires:["aui-io-plugin-deprecated","aui-toolbar","autocomplete-base","datasource-io","json-parse","liferay-portlet-base","liferay-util-window"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='staging-processes-web@5.0.49/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/staging-processes-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{stagingprocessesweb:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-staging-processes-export-import":{path:"js/main.js",requires:["aui-datatype","aui-dialog-iframe-deprecated","aui-modal","aui-parse-content","aui-toggler","liferay-portlet-base","liferay-util-window"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='commerce-frontend-impl@4.0.49/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/commerce-frontend-impl';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{commercefrontend:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),modules:{"liferay-commerce-frontend-management-bar-state":{condition:{trigger:"liferay-management-bar"},path:"management_bar_state.js",requires:["liferay-management-bar"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='product-navigation-taglib@6.0.54/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/product-navigation-taglib';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{controlmenu:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-product-navigation-control-menu":{path:"control_menu/js/product_navigation_control_menu.js",requires:["aui-node","event-touch"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='@liferay/document-library-web@6.0.163/document_library/js/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/document-library-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{dl:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/document_library/js/legacy/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"document-library-upload-component":{path:"DocumentLibraryUpload.js",requires:["aui-component","aui-data-set-deprecated","aui-overlay-manager-deprecated","aui-overlay-mask-deprecated","aui-parse-content","aui-progressbar","aui-template-deprecated","liferay-search-container","querystring-parse-simple","uploader"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/document_library/js/legacy/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='exportimport-web@5.0.76/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/exportimport-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{exportimportweb:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-export-import-export-import":{path:"js/main.js",requires:["aui-datatype","aui-dialog-iframe-deprecated","aui-modal","aui-parse-content","aui-toggler","liferay-portlet-base","liferay-util-window"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='@liferay/frontend-js-state-web@1.0.18/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/frontend-js-state-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{state:{mainModule:MODULE_MAIN}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='@liferay/frontend-js-react-web@5.0.31/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/frontend-js-react-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{react:{mainModule:MODULE_MAIN}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='portal-search-web@6.0.114/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/portal-search-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{search:{base:MODULE_PATH+"/js/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-search-bar":{path:"search_bar.js",requires:[]},"liferay-search-custom-filter":{path:"custom_filter.js",requires:[]},"liferay-search-facet-util":{path:"facet_util.js",requires:[]},"liferay-search-modified-facet":{path:"modified_facet.js",requires:["aui-form-validator","liferay-search-facet-util"]},"liferay-search-modified-facet-configuration":{path:"modified_facet_configuration.js",requires:["aui-node"]},"liferay-search-sort-configuration":{path:"sort_configuration.js",requires:["aui-node"]},"liferay-search-sort-util":{path:"sort_util.js",requires:[]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/js/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}try {var MODULE_MAIN='portal-workflow-kaleo-designer-web@5.0.115/index';var MODULE_PATH='/o/portal-workflow-kaleo-designer-web';AUI().applyConfig({groups:{"kaleo-designer":{base:MODULE_PATH+"/designer/js/legacy/",combine:Liferay.AUI.getCombine(),filter:Liferay.AUI.getFilterConfig(),modules:{"liferay-kaleo-designer-autocomplete-util":{path:"autocomplete_util.js",requires:["autocomplete","autocomplete-highlighters"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-definition-diagram-controller":{path:"definition_diagram_controller.js",requires:["liferay-kaleo-designer-field-normalizer","liferay-kaleo-designer-utils"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-dialogs":{path:"dialogs.js",requires:["liferay-util-window"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-editors":{path:"editors.js",requires:["aui-ace-editor","aui-ace-editor-mode-xml","aui-base","aui-datatype","aui-node","liferay-kaleo-designer-autocomplete-util","liferay-kaleo-designer-utils"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-field-normalizer":{path:"field_normalizer.js",requires:["liferay-kaleo-designer-remote-services"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-nodes":{path:"nodes.js",requires:["aui-datatable","aui-datatype","aui-diagram-builder","liferay-kaleo-designer-editors","liferay-kaleo-designer-utils"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-remote-services":{path:"remote_services.js",requires:["aui-io","liferay-portlet-url"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-templates":{path:"templates.js",requires:["aui-tpl-snippets-deprecated"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-utils":{path:"utils.js",requires:[]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-xml-definition":{path:"xml_definition.js",requires:["aui-base","aui-component","dataschema-xml","datatype-xml"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-xml-definition-serializer":{path:"xml_definition_serializer.js",requires:["escape","liferay-kaleo-designer-xml-util"]},"liferay-kaleo-designer-xml-util":{path:"xml_util.js",requires:["aui-base"]},"liferay-portlet-kaleo-designer":{path:"main.js",requires:["aui-ace-editor","aui-ace-editor-mode-xml","aui-tpl-snippets-deprecated","dataschema-xml","datasource","datatype-xml","event-valuechange","io-form","liferay-kaleo-designer-autocomplete-util","liferay-kaleo-designer-editors","liferay-kaleo-designer-nodes","liferay-kaleo-designer-remote-services","liferay-kaleo-designer-utils","liferay-kaleo-designer-xml-util","liferay-util-window"]}},root:MODULE_PATH+"/designer/js/legacy/"}}}); } catch(error) {console.error(error);}</script> <script data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ // ]]> </script> <link class="lfr-css-file" data-senna-track="temporary" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/css/main.css?browserId=other&themeId=wipouniversaltheme_WAR_wipouniversaltheme&minifierType=css&languageId=en_US&t=1733223278000" id="liferayThemeCSS" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <style data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/css"> </style> <script data-senna-track="temporary">var Liferay = window.Liferay || {}; Liferay.CommerceContext = {"commerceAccountGroupIds":[],"accountEntryAllowedTypes":["person"],"commerceChannelId":"0","currency":{"currencyId":"1277304","currencyCode":"USD"},"commerceSiteType":0};</script> <link href="/o/commerce-frontend-js/styles/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <style data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/css"> </style> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( 'frontend-js-spa-web@5.0.40/init', function(frontendJsSpaWebInit) { try { (function() { frontendJsSpaWebInit.default({"navigationExceptionSelectors":":not([target=\"_blank\"]):not([data-senna-off]):not([data-resource-href]):not([data-cke-saved-href]):not([data-cke-saved-href])","cacheExpirationTime":-1,"clearScreensCache":false,"portletsBlacklist":["com_liferay_nested_portlets_web_portlet_NestedPortletsPortlet","com_liferay_site_navigation_directory_web_portlet_SitesDirectoryPortlet","com_liferay_questions_web_internal_portlet_QuestionsPortlet","com_liferay_account_admin_web_internal_portlet_AccountUsersRegistrationPortlet","com_liferay_portal_language_override_web_internal_portlet_PLOPortlet","com_liferay_login_web_portlet_LoginPortlet","com_liferay_login_web_portlet_FastLoginPortlet"],"validStatusCodes":[221,490,494,499,491,492,493,495,220],"debugEnabled":false,"loginRedirect":"","excludedPaths":["/c/document_library","/documents","/image"],"userNotification":{"message":"It looks like this is taking longer than expected.","title":"Oops","timeout":30000},"requestTimeout":0}) })(); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( '@liferay/frontend-js-state-web@1.0.18', function(FrontendJsState) { try { } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <link data-senna-track="temporary" href="/o/layout-common-styles/main.css?plid=10567&segmentsExperienceId=3870918&t=1725879318823" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <script type="text/javascript"> Liferay.on( 'ddmFieldBlur', function(event) { if (window.Analytics) { Analytics.send( 'fieldBlurred', 'Form', { fieldName: event.fieldName, focusDuration: event.focusDuration, formId: event.formId, formPageTitle: event.formPageTitle, page: event.page, title: event.title } ); } } ); Liferay.on( 'ddmFieldFocus', function(event) { if (window.Analytics) { Analytics.send( 'fieldFocused', 'Form', { fieldName: event.fieldName, formId: event.formId, formPageTitle: event.formPageTitle, page: event.page, title:event.title } ); } } ); Liferay.on( 'ddmFormPageShow', function(event) { if (window.Analytics) { Analytics.send( 'pageViewed', 'Form', { formId: event.formId, formPageTitle: event.formPageTitle, page: event.page, title: event.title } ); } } ); Liferay.on( 'ddmFormSubmit', function(event) { if (window.Analytics) { Analytics.send( 'formSubmitted', 'Form', { formId: event.formId, title: event.title } ); } } ); Liferay.on( 'ddmFormView', function(event) { if (window.Analytics) { Analytics.send( 'formViewed', 'Form', { formId: event.formId, title: event.title } ); } } ); </script> <script> </script> <script data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/javascript"> if (window.Analytics) { window._com_liferay_document_library_analytics_isViewFileEntry = false; } </script><!-- css universal start --> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Sans+Display:wght@100;300;400;500;600;700;800;900&display=swap"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Sharp:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@48,400,0,0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap-icons@1.9.1/font/bootstrap-icons.css"> --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://webcomponents.wipo.int/wipo-navbar/ulf-fonts.css"><!-- css universal end --> <!-- Start Navbar Component--> <style> @font-face { font-family: 'simplon'; font-weight: 400; src: url("https://webcomponents.wipo.int/fonts/SimplonNorm-Regular-WebXL.woff2") } @font-face { font-family: 'simplon'; font-weight: 500; src: url("https://webcomponents.wipo.int/fonts/SimplonNorm-Medium-WebXL.woff2") } @font-face { font-family: 'simplon'; font-weight: 700; src: url("https://webcomponents.wipo.int/fonts/SimplonNorm-Bold-WebXL.woff2") } </style> <script src="https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/js/cookie.js"></script> <script type="module" src="https://cdnjs.wipo.int/universal-lf-webcomponents/latest/components/wipo-footer.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.wipo.int/universal-lf-webcomponents/latest/style/footer.css"> <script src="https://webcomponents.wipo.int/polyfills/webcomponents-loader.js"></script> <script src="https://webcomponents.wipo.int/wipo-navbar/wipo-navbar.js"></script><!-- End Navbar Component --> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('consent', 'default', { 'ad_storage': 'granted', 'ad_user_data': 'denied', 'ad_personalization': 'denied', 'analytics_storage': 'granted' }); </script><!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-P7RLS2');</script><!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- Start Matomo --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://webcomponents.wipo.int/wipo-analytics/wipo-analytics-oj6DkAWh.js"></script><!-- End Matomo --> <!-- Start baidu --> <script> var _hmt = _hmt || []; (function() { var hm = document.createElement("script"); hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?95e64d347633bfd0a2462e25c93606d6"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); })(); </script><!-- End baidu --> <!-- Start CrazzyEgg --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0115/2064.js" async></script><!-- End CrazzyEgg --> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.HWThTSqfXy8.O/am=DAY/d=1/rs=AN8SPforCdnxlZDJUkR1p8RUr9HyDr68Rg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents/"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.HWThTSqfXy8.O/am=DAY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPforCdnxlZDJUkR1p8RUr9HyDr68Rg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents/"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="ulf-wipo" data-spy="scroll" data-target="#ulf-toc" id="wipo-int"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.HWThTSqfXy8.O/am=DAY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPforCdnxlZDJUkR1p8RUr9HyDr68Rg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents/" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="en" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wipo.int/en/web/patents/&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <nav aria-label="Quick Links" class="bg-dark cadmin quick-access-nav text-center text-white" id="oqhv_quickAccessNav"><a class="d-block p-2 sr-only sr-only-focusable text-reset" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#main-content"> Skip to Main Content </a> </nav> <div class="d-flex flex-column min-vh-100"> <header class="container-navbar-outer" id="container-navbar-outer"> <nav class="container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl"><wipo-navbar full-mode language="en" languageoptions="[{"code":"ar","link":"/en/c/portal/update_language?p_l_id=10567&redirect=%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fpatents%2F&languageId=ar_SA"},{"code":"en"},{"code":"es","link":"/en/c/portal/update_language?p_l_id=10567&redirect=%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fpatents%2F&languageId=es_ES"},{"code":"fr","link":"/en/c/portal/update_language?p_l_id=10567&redirect=%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fpatents%2F&languageId=fr_FR"},{"code":"ru","link":"/en/c/portal/update_language?p_l_id=10567&redirect=%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fpatents%2F&languageId=ru_RU"},{"code":"zh","link":"/en/c/portal/update_language?p_l_id=10567&redirect=%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fpatents%2F&languageId=zh_CN"}]" custombreadcrumbs="[{"itemName":"Patents","itemURL":"/en/web/patents"}]" helpoptions="[{ "code": "contact", "link": "https://www3.wipo.int/contact/en/area.jsp?area=", "sameTab": "false" }, { "code": "termsOfUse", "link": "https://www.wipo.int/tools/en/disclaim-ipportal.html" }, { "code": "privacyPolicy", "link": "https://www.wipo.int/tools/en/privacy_policy-ipportal.html" }]"> <div style="height: 48px; width: 100%"></div> </wipo-navbar> </nav> </header><!--SEO links --> <div id="wipo-seo-links" class="hide"> <div style="display: none"><a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">About Intellectual Property</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#training">IP Training</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/respect-for-ip/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Respect for IP</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ip-outreach/en/tools/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">IP Outreach</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#ip_for">IP for…</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#ip_and">IP and...</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#ip_in">IP in...</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/patents/en/patent-information.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Patent & Technology Information</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#trademarks">Trademark Information</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#designs">Industrial Design Information</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#geographical">Geographical Indication Information</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.upov.int/">Plant Variety Information (UPOV)</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#legal">IP Laws, Treaties & Judgements</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#info">IP Resources</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#analysis">IP Reports</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/patents/en/protection.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Patent Protection</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/trademarks/en/protection.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Trademark Protection</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/designs/en/protection.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Industrial Design Protection</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/geo_indications/en/protection.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Geographical Indication Protection</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.upov.int/portal/index.html.en">Plant Variety Protection (UPOV)</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/amc/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">IP Dispute Resolution</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/global_ip/en/activities/ip_office_business_solutions/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">IP Office Business Solutions</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/finance/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Paying for IP Services</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/policy/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Negotiation & Decision-Making</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/cooperation/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Development Cooperation</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/patents/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#technology">Innovation Support</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/cooperation/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#ppp">Public-Private Partnerships</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/ai-tools-services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">AI Tools & Services</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The Organization</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#working">Working with WIPO</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#accountability">Accountability</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/patents/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Patents</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/trademarks/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Trademarks</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/designs/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Industrial Designs</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/geo_indications/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Geographical Indications</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/copyright/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Copyright</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/tradesecrets/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Trade Secrets</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/academy/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Academy</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/meetings/en/topic_type.jsp?group_id=242&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Workshops & Seminars</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/ip-enforcement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">IP Enforcement</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/wipo-alert/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO ALERT</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/respect-for-ip/en/awareness-raising.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Raising Awareness</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/ipday/2024-sdgs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">World IP Day</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/wipo_magazine/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Magazine</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ipadvantage/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Case Studies & Success Stories</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/news/en/search.jsp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">IP News</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ip-outreach/en/awards/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Awards</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/sme/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Business</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/universities_research/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Universities</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/tk/en/engagement.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Indigenous Peoples</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/judiciaries/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Judiciaries</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/tk/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/econ_stat/en/economics/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Economics</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/ip-financing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Finance</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/intangible-assets?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Intangible Assets</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/women-and-ip/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Gender Equality</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/policy/en/global_health/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Global Health</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/policy/en/climate_change/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Climate Change</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ip-competition/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Competition Policy</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/sdgs/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Sustainable Development Goals</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-ip/en/frontier_technologies/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Frontier Technologies</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ip-development/en/agenda/ip_mobile_apps/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Mobile Applications</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/sports/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Sports</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/sme/en/ip-tourism.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Tourism</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/patentscope/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">PATENTSCOPE</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/patents/en/patent-analytics.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Patent Analytics</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/classifications/ipc/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">International Patent Classification</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ardi/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">ARDI – Research for Innovation</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/aspi/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">ASPI – Specialized Patent Information</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/branddb/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Global Brand Database</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www3.wipo.int/madrid/monitor/en/">Madrid Monitor</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://6ter.wipo.int/struct-search">Article 6ter Express Database</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/classifications/nice/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Nice Classification</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/classifications/vienna/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Vienna Classification</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/designdb/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Global Design Database</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/haguebulletin/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">International Designs Bulletin</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www3.wipo.int/designdb/hague/en/index.jsp">Hague Express Database</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/classifications/locarno/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Locarno Classification</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lisbon-express.wipo.int/">Lisbon Express Database</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://branddb.wipo.int/en/IPO-LISBON/quicksearch?by%3DbrandName%26v%3D%26start%3D0%26_%3D1676544734688">Global Brand Database for GIs</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pluto.upov.int/">PLUTO Plant Variety Database</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.upov.int/genie/">GENIE Database</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/treaties/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO-Administered Treaties</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/wipolex/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Lex - IP Laws, Treaties & Judgments</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/standards/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Standards</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ipstats/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">IP Statistics</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/reference/en/wipopearl/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Pearl (Terminology)</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/publications/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Publications</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/directory/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Country IP Profiles</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/library/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Knowledge Center</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/tech_trends/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Technology Trends</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/global_innovation_index/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Global Innovation Index</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/wipr/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">World Intellectual Property Report</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/pct/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">PCT – The International Patent System</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pct.wipo.int/ePCT/">ePCT</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/budapest/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Budapest – The International Microorganism Deposit System</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/madrid/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Madrid – The International Trademark System</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://madrid.wipo.int/">eMadrid</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/article6ter/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Article 6ter (armorial bearings, flags, state emblems)</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/hague/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Hague – The International Design System</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hague.wipo.int/">eHague</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/lisbon/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Lisbon – The International System of Appellations of Origin and Geographical Indications</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lisbon-system.wipo.int/">eLisbon</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www3.wipo.int/upovprisma">UPOV PRISMA</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vn.upovepvp.upov.int/">UPOV e-PVP Administration</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dus.upovepvp.upov.int/">UPOV e-PVP DUS Exchange</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/amc/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#mediation">Mediation</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/amc/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#arbitration">Arbitration</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/amc/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#expert-determination">Expert Determination</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/amc/en/domains/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Domain Name Disputes</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/case/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Centralized Access to Search and Examination (CASE)</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/das/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Digital Access Service (DAS)</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www3.wipo.int/epayweb/public/index.xhtml">WIPO Pay</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www3.wipo.int/currentaccount/public/index.xhtml">Current Account at WIPO</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/assemblies/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Assemblies</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/policy/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bodies">Standing Committees</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/meetings/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Calendar of Meetings</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webcast.wipo.int/">WIPO Webcast</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/meetings/en/archive.jsp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Official Documents</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ip-development/en/agenda/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Development Agenda</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/cooperation/en/technical_assistance/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Technical Assistance</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/academy/en/training_institutions.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">IP Training Institutions</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/covid-19/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">COVID-19 Support</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ipstrategies/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">National IP Strategies</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ip-development/en/policy_legislative_assistance/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Policy & Legislative Advice</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/cooperation/en/south_south/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Cooperation Hub</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/tisc/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Technology and Innovation Support Centers (TISC)</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/technology-transfer/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Technology Transfer</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/iap/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Inventor Assistance Program</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www3.wipo.int/wipogreen/en/">WIPO GREEN</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/pat-informed/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO's Pat-INFORMED</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.accessiblebooksconsortium.org/en/web/abc/portal/index">Accessible Books Consortium</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/wipoforcreators/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO for Creators</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/ai-tools-services/wipo-translate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Translate</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/ai-tools-services/speech-to-text?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Speech-to-Text</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/ai-tools-services/classification-assistant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Classification Assistant</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/members/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Member States</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/observers/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Observers</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/dg_tang/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Director General</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/activities_by_unit/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Activities by Unit</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/offices/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">External Offices</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/jobs/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Job Vacancies</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/procurement/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Procurement</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/budget/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Results & Budget</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/budget/financial/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Financial Reporting</a> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/about-wipo/en/oversight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Oversight</a> </div> </div> <div class="d-flex flex-column flex-fill position-relative" id="wrapper"> <section class=" flex-fill" id="content"> <div class="layout-content portlet-layout" id="main-content" role="main"> <style data-senna-track="temporary" type="text/css"> .portlet-borderless .portlet-content {padding: 0;}</style> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-9232199d-e864-fc9a-0d0c-1d35ca3b7143 lfr-layout-structure-item-container ulf-section container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl" style=""> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-on-this-page-u lfr-layout-structure-item-1004b7c8-4f94-3f21-7408-d95176ca2ed3 " style=""> <div id="fragment-193d6963-58e0-fc19-0544-f5f9c14739b6"> <div class="medium on-this-page d-none d-lg-block" id="ulf-toc"> <a class="bg-white px-2 py-1 dropdown-toggle align-middle m-0 sticky-btn-top-right rounded" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#" role="button" id="dropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> On this page <span class="material-symbols-outlined">sort</span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="page"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#intro" data-lfr-editable-id="element-link_1" data-lfr-editable-type="link">Patents</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#protection" data-lfr-editable-id="element-link_2" data-lfr-editable-type="link">The value of patent protection</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#info" data-lfr-editable-id="element-link_3" data-lfr-editable-type="link">Patent information</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#stories" data-lfr-editable-id="element-link_4" data-lfr-editable-type="link">Patents in the real world</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#technology" data-lfr-editable-id="element-link_5" data-lfr-editable-type="link">WIPO patent-related assistance</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/en/web/patents/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#more" data-lfr-editable-id="element-link_6" data-lfr-editable-type="link">Find out more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-block-id-include--copy- lfr-layout-structure-item-bcd2c033-39b8-206f-cc74-b396858ab61b " style=""> <div id="fragment-c96c5e59-eb06-6a4d-f035-7f6af6c39128"> <div class="row row-heading" id="intro"> <div class="col-md-9"> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-bbf52e0f-7d55-164f-4167-20f3ee589b40 " style=""> <div id="fragment-413ef72b-382c-394f-a369-17df479840a8"> <h1 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Patents</h1> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-204d0c8d-8ee0-305e-a6f9-d715628be011 lfr-layout-structure-item-row " style=""> <div class="row align-items-lg-start align-items-sm-start align-items-start align-items-md-start flex-lg-row flex-sm-row flex-row flex-md-row"> <div class="col col-lg-8 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-8"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-4b9f7098-7242-c83f-df07-d3834a128a66 " style=""> <div id="fragment-eeeda6cb-8e29-817f-f522-c52e58524ecd"> <h2 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">What is a patent?</h2> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-c6662098-e3a7-f06b-2ece-fd0b012be557 " style=""> <div id="fragment-8cb75078-b594-c925-2357-58361da81c30"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"><span class="lead">A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention. Patents benefit inventors by providing them with legal protection of their inventions. However, patents also benefit the society by providing public access to technical information about these inventions, and thus accelerating innovation.</span> </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-5cb6840d-5988-2a8b-44dd-623d5638d96b " style=""> <div id="fragment-f152211a-ddf2-daff-120b-6039b01af869"> <h2 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">What is an invention?</h2> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-fcc4123b-c0ae-4b92-8c38-af153b47d56e " style=""> <div id="fragment-2643ae54-5987-7056-16cb-332ceed0e342"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> An invention is a product or a process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem that surpasses trivial solutions. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-box-zone--copy--0 lfr-layout-structure-item-07d209a0-67de-77fd-4c0c-4af8b6dbc841 " style=""> <div id="fragment-4f69cc58-e08d-4535-3eb8-ef7bab7808c5"> <div class="alert alert-info" data-lfr-editable-id="alert-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Have more questions? Read the <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webcms.wipo.int/web/patents/faq_patents">full list of patent FAQs</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-5a5b1588-d883-0d46-6b52-2cb79572893d " style=""> <div id="fragment-ebe7463c-3351-e60b-4f3d-37744cf95171"> <div class="card "> <figure class="figure"> <img src="/documents/d/wipo/pics-patent-2023-ww-845-1.png" class="card-img-top" alt="patent-2023-ww-845-1" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image"> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Weird and wonderful</h2> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-ba6a7d2c-2795-6ef2-8ac7-3d881cf9031b " style=""> <div id="fragment-e31b420c-6c82-4faf-f516-38c549f1f356"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webcms.wipo.int/web/patents/2023-patent-picks">Seven out-of-the-ordinary patents you probably didn’t know existed</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-85072111-d87f-6022-c3dc-371770df7342 lfr-layout-structure-item-container ulf-section ulf-line container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl" style=""> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-block-id-include--copy- lfr-layout-structure-item-948286e1-3d5b-f2ef-154d-2090ac2a22b6 " style=""> <div id="fragment-4532fc3e-2dbd-0e4f-7830-6e3aaf4825aa"> <div class="row row-heading" id="protection"> <div class="col-md-9"> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-c8385fc6-7b05-050f-5b3a-370ddd8b21ff " style=""> <div id="fragment-852d0f60-3f30-8576-d5b7-599cd37cec67"> <h2 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">The value of patent protection</h2> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-4e636c7c-8c1f-c029-f99d-5b3576c2ce70 lfr-layout-structure-item-row " style=""> <div class="row align-items-lg-start align-items-sm-start align-items-start align-items-md-start flex-lg-row flex-sm-row flex-row flex-md-row"> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-1ea3712d-6aad-8622-9407-1da183e96e4b " style=""> <div id="fragment-fd2d9ccb-4ccb-95af-8283-d5064cd925c6"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">What kinds of inventions can be protected?</h3> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-efb51b8e-5d57-61b8-dc18-0919a661bf1c " style=""> <div id="fragment-ccf1e4b8-44aa-8790-e1ff-53154a423b13"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Patents may be granted for inventions in any field of technology, from an everyday kitchen utensil to a nanotechnology chip. An invention can be a product – such as a chemical compound, or a process, for example – a process for producing a specific chemical compound. Many products, in fact, contain a number of inventions. For example, a laptop computer can involve hundreds of inventions, working together. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-box-zone--copy--0 lfr-layout-structure-item-6f7637d4-1f7a-b4ea-c38e-92345dca1c3c " style=""> <div id="fragment-723858d8-3e65-bb9d-887b-78c82c622877"> <div class="alert alert-info" data-lfr-editable-id="alert-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Want to learn more about patent law? Explore WIPO's information on <a href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/patents/law?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">patent law and treaties</a>, including legislative and policy advice, and the information on <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/policy/en/scp/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Standing Committee on the Law of Patents (SCP)</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-33fef780-9485-76b6-a6ad-7d3c2633fee1 " style=""> <div id="fragment-3d370429-f20c-4ee1-439d-792df764da99"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Why protect inventions with patents?</h3> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-0b9ad7ef-6b15-c81b-850b-254e50e63d3b " style=""> <div id="fragment-93742082-00a3-8fff-18d1-b15f637651e8"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> The patent owner has the exclusive right to prevent or stop others from commercially exploiting the patented invention for a limited period within the country or region in which the patent was granted. In other words, patent protection means that the invention cannot be commercially made, used, distributed, imported or sold by others without the patent owner's consent. If such acts are carried out by third parties without such consent, the patent owner can go to court to seek remedies for patent infringement. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-box-zone--copy--0 lfr-layout-structure-item-1282c11f-061f-cddb-7ce9-a68af351d13e " style=""> <div id="fragment-a6a07e52-4b89-de2f-2f9b-1ae2ede226c4"> <div class="alert alert-info" data-lfr-editable-id="alert-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Want to protect inventions in several countries? Explore the <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/pct/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) system</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-d9052388-1378-69f7-f3e9-0b3cb2cf7916 " style=""> <div id="fragment-1b062caa-1aab-f268-c901-cbe2a6af95cb"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">How to protect inventions through patents?</h3> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-30fb54f4-668c-27b6-11dc-6e0139c17346 " style=""> <div id="fragment-a2930be9-1419-61e3-0e54-363ee34d6206"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> To obtain a patent, an inventor should draft a patent application and then submit it to a <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/directory/en/urls.jsp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">national or regional intellectual property (IP) office</a>. This process includes several steps and entails diverse costs, depending on the regional or national laws of the country or contries in which the application is filed. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-f68dab53-0570-2c3b-fc0f-1224a4e07aad " style=""> <div id="fragment-dfed59d8-4137-7748-ea6e-905c6bcb8c91"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> <div> An invention can be protected in one or <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/pct/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">multiple countries</a>, depending on the business strategy and financial resources of the inventors. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-box-zone--copy--0 lfr-layout-structure-item-04d92230-5ae4-8b46-ca70-5998f1461f73 " style=""> <div id="fragment-11ef5982-370a-ed1b-46c7-cbf2e5f11b2a"> <div class="alert alert-info" data-lfr-editable-id="alert-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Consider filing a patent application? Have a look at our <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/patents/en/protection.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">How to protect inventions through patents</a> page. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-deb65ee0-ffb0-91f0-a49c-92d9a576e5ef lfr-layout-structure-item-container ulf-section ulf-line container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl" style=""> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-block-id-include--copy- lfr-layout-structure-item-9405f9a6-b6ef-64cd-f1b7-5c2c166eaa76 " style=""> <div id="fragment-59ca87f1-5c77-61a2-3146-a27a2f8fc2c5"> <div class="row row-heading" id="info"> <div class="col-md-9"> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-3449d422-1ffb-a0c9-efd1-cf5cd492d41c " style=""> <div id="fragment-c23e68af-841b-faf7-f252-059824a7aea2"> <h2 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Patent information</h2> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-6e30db1f-6d5d-8ca2-4ae2-c590fe23508f lfr-layout-structure-item-row " style=""> <div class="row align-items-lg-start align-items-sm-start align-items-start align-items-md-start flex-lg-row flex-sm-row flex-row flex-md-row"> <div class="col col-lg-8 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-8"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-c26b4e3f-d5cb-999a-4e9b-f967355b0935 " style=""> <div id="fragment-b7f8add0-201e-202f-57b6-c1b66e4c6249"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">What is patent information?</h3> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-203e374b-9dce-679c-c66d-e8c8836be9f0 " style=""> <div id="fragment-803ecbaf-144d-06f5-5952-cedd7150a657"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Patent information is the information found in patent applications and granted patents. These documents provide a unique view into practically every field of technology and the legal status of patents, not accessible in any other way. The data contained in patent documents can be very useful to researchers, entrepreneurs and inventors, helping them to assess the latest developments in a specific technological field and to evaluate if their own inventions can be patented. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-c58fbb5b-f93d-0138-064d-d0c1c1a9f29b " style=""> <div id="fragment-f79e93a6-b53c-1971-dc3f-978ac9981df8"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Want to learn how to search and analyze patent information? Explore our <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webcms.wipo.int/en/web/patents/patent-information">patent and technology information</a> resources. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-bcb086b1-9230-2d56-88b6-ee818186c3f6 " style=""> <div id="fragment-fac2dc66-e0e6-a0b7-50a1-ca30ea7f1887"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Explore PATENTSCOPE database</h3> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-27033ae0-a59b-fce0-c446-06456b39191c " style=""> <div id="fragment-23722fd1-501b-b58c-b804-5ec8d5052255"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Gain access to international <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/pct/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)</a> application on the day of publication and search through more than 43 million patent documents of participating national and regional patent offices in WIPO's <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://wipo.int/patentscope/en/">PATENTSCOPE database</a>. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-68de1824-41e4-28cb-e3c8-954f99a85ef4 lfr-layout-structure-item-container ulf-section ulf-line container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl" style=""> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-block-id-include--copy- lfr-layout-structure-item-a929a300-1458-5fa5-9501-9a6aac21eb38 " style=""> <div id="fragment-76a878e4-8dc2-020d-0e55-676139b11706"> <div class="row row-heading" id="stories"> <div class="col-md-9"> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-6b253cbb-e880-5895-5324-80422fe15d5d " style=""> <div id="fragment-460ca9d6-8650-c1d2-d99b-8f54fafc1cdc"> <h2 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Patents in the real world</h2> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-6244d4f8-7d7d-facc-eeb3-72ff61419b85 " style=""> <div id="fragment-5b09827d-1c05-5e6d-06fe-636701af36b1"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Read our <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/search?q&category=288110&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">real-world case studies</a> on how companies have used patents to protect their inventions. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-c352f04a-2617-6db7-228e-a7300acb1dd6 lfr-layout-structure-item-collection" style=""> <div class="container-fluid overflow-hidden px-0"> <div class="row align-items-start"> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-ed742570-4bc2-6875-7065-4dcb552752fd " style=""> <div id="fragment-a8a9033e-75e1-8970-7053-ad06303f621b"> <div class="card card-ver-no-bg"> <figure class="figure"> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/inova-unicamp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <picture data-fileentryid="5960850"> <source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/5960850/Thumbnail-300x300/inova-unicamp-feature-960.jpg?t=1732202466832&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <source media="(max-width:960px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/5960850/Preview-1000x0/inova-unicamp-feature-960.jpg?t=1732202466832&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/documents/1576608/1577531/inova-unicamp-feature-960.jpg/9466b3e6-50ab-9b39-cc6f-849dc3267393?version=1.0&t=1732202466832&download=true" class="card-img-top" alt="" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image" data-fileentryid="5960850"> </picture></a> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text"><a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/inova-unicamp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Inova Unicamp: The First University Technological Innovation Center in Brazil</a></h2> <div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-ed742570-4bc2-6875-7065-4dcb552752fd " style=""> <div id="fragment-b69e8e55-7893-4863-9596-c299c79ba555"> <div class="card card-ver-no-bg"> <figure class="figure"> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/maxflow-magnetized-water?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <picture data-fileentryid="5770209"> <source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/5770209/Thumbnail-300x300/maxflow-feature-960.jpg?t=1729771335439&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <source media="(max-width:960px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/5770209/Preview-1000x0/maxflow-feature-960.jpg?t=1729771335439&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/documents/1576608/1577531/maxflow-feature-960.jpg/7843bdcd-188e-eaa3-e868-e4e980e6f7f4?version=1.0&t=1729771335439&download=true" class="card-img-top" alt="" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image" data-fileentryid="5770209"> </picture></a> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text"><a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/maxflow-magnetized-water?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Magnetized Water to Increase Organic Crop Yields</a></h2> <div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-ed742570-4bc2-6875-7065-4dcb552752fd " style=""> <div id="fragment-3338b837-cb1d-89b8-31a1-2fa820a30dce"> <div class="card card-ver-no-bg"> <figure class="figure"> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/pedi-app?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <picture data-fileentryid="5173019"> <source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/5173019/Thumbnail-300x300/pedi-app-users-feature-960.jpg?t=1726738683804&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <source media="(max-width:960px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/5173019/Preview-1000x0/pedi-app-users-feature-960.jpg?t=1726738683804&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/documents/1576608/1577531/pedi-app-users-feature-960.jpg/abd49a00-b1c8-a1d4-89d9-39b457c62659?version=1.0&t=1726738683804&download=true" class="card-img-top" alt="" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image" data-fileentryid="5173019"> </picture></a> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text"><a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/pedi-app?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Pedi App – The Ride-Hailing App for a Tricycle Driver</a></h2> <div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-ed742570-4bc2-6875-7065-4dcb552752fd " style=""> <div id="fragment-3bfd5036-cb42-1cf3-f8cb-28fd68670ece"> <div class="card card-ver-no-bg"> <figure class="figure"> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/scube-gift-mint?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <picture data-fileentryid="4930609"> <source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/4930609/Thumbnail-300x300/scube-gift-founder-960.jpg?t=1724416979568&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <source media="(max-width:960px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/4930609/Preview-1000x0/scube-gift-founder-960.jpg?t=1724416979568&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/documents/1576608/1577531/scube-gift-founder-960.jpg/ffe86181-b3a9-fc9c-538c-d2d226484f4d?version=1.0&t=1724416979568&download=true" class="card-img-top" alt="" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image" data-fileentryid="4930609"> </picture></a> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text"><a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/scube-gift-mint?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">2-in-1 Ceramic Food Containers to Revolutionize your Kitchen</a></h2> <div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-71a6c857-5c26-21c0-158d-c8243764d759 lfr-layout-structure-item-row " style=""> <div class="row align-items-lg-start align-items-sm-start align-items-start align-items-md-start flex-lg-row flex-sm-row flex-row flex-md-row"> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-ca2c174c-70d8-c19e-f04f-87ed00d6c173 " style=""> <div id="fragment-7883cb66-4771-c1ef-0fba-ab5485844ee6"> <div class="card card-ver-no-bg"> <figure class="figure"> <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/bioplastic-bags-key-for-preserving-thai-produce-for-export?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <picture data-fileentryid="4174979"> <source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/4174979/Thumbnail-300x300/dr-somjai-960.jpg?t=1717574185597&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <source media="(max-width:960px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/4174979/Preview-1000x0/dr-somjai-960.jpg?t=1717574185597&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/documents/d/ip-advantage/images-features-dr-somjai-960.jpg?imagePreview=1" class="card-img-top" alt="" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image" data-fileentryid="4174979"> </picture></a> <figcaption class="credit"> <div> IMAGE: KHON KAEN UNIVERSITY </div> </figcaption> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Bioplastic Bags Key for Preserving Thai Produce for Export</h2> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-7d4560dc-6356-f752-6347-08efa9a87938 " style=""> <div id="fragment-0b3fc76b-99a7-b2ae-9d8a-dc12df1e2f1a"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Storing and transporting fresh fruits and vegetables is a global concern but critical for exporting countries such as Thailand. A Khon Kaen University professor developed innovative plastic bags that could extend the shelf life of produce compared to current products. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-3afdb8bd-943b-76d8-2853-4cf1c7c2f8f2 " style=""> <div id="fragment-582bd041-b895-dfa4-bc05-722e4be8cda9"> <div class="card card-ver-no-bg"> <figure class="figure"> <a target="_blank" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/first-thai-sustainable-vegan-egg-substitute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <picture data-fileentryid="3549368"> <source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/3549368/Thumbnail-300x300/plant-origin-co-founders.jpg?t=1713537405143&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <source media="(max-width:960px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/3549368/Preview-1000x0/plant-origin-co-founders.jpg?t=1713537405143&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/documents/d/ip-advantage/images-plant-origin-co-founders.jpg?imagePreview=1" class="card-img-top" alt="" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image" data-fileentryid="3549368"> </picture></a> <figcaption class="credit"> <div> IMAGE: PLANT ORIGIN </div> </figcaption> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text">First Thai Sustainable Vegan Egg Substitute</h2> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-44f80653-a863-f21a-f9d2-238bc9379930 " style=""> <div id="fragment-185dedb7-a618-2ce3-1391-0815259386d8"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Plant Origin, serial entrepreneur Pasakorn Niratbhand's latest endeavor aims to revolutionize the global food industry with innovative, healthy, sustainable, and plant-based solutions. The company's product is the first Thai plant-based egg replacement. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-4 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-card-0 lfr-layout-structure-item-2a7fd18b-b895-523a-a7cb-13099fa955ce " style=""> <div id="fragment-ccfba7a1-e9e0-9e77-53a3-d93da489856d"> <div class="card card-ver-no-bg"> <figure class="figure"> <a target="_blank" data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/ip-advantage/w/stories/human-powered-vehicle-harvesting-energy-from-humans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <picture data-fileentryid="3070267"> <source media="(max-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/3070267/Thumbnail-300x300/human-powered-vehicle-960.jpg?t=1710345113646&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <source media="(max-width:960px) and (min-width:300px)" srcset="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/o/adaptive-media/image/3070267/Preview-1000x0/human-powered-vehicle-960.jpg?t=1710345113646&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/documents/d/ip-advantage/images-features-human-powered-vehicle-960.jpg?imagePreview=1" class="card-img-top" alt="" data-lfr-editable-id="card-image" data-lfr-editable-type="image" data-fileentryid="3070267"> </picture></a> <figcaption class="credit"> <div> IMAGE: JAIRO MARTÍNEZ ESCOBAR </div> </figcaption> </figure> <div class="card-body"> <h2 class="card-title" data-lfr-editable-id="card-title" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Human-Powered Vehicle – Harvesting Energy from Humans</h2> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-97f222e9-2ff8-922f-73cb-6b2ef0e38780 " style=""> <div id="fragment-c8918ece-767c-44b1-42ab-f69762bbaf60"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> From penny farthings to kinetic dancefloors, inventors have long sought to harness the power of human movement. It is easy to understand why: even as you sit and read this, your body is generating enough energy to power an LED floodlight. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-26ff566d-b54f-17d3-c6a1-22fd3d81784d lfr-layout-structure-item-container ulf-section ulf-line container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl" style=""> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-block-id-include--copy- lfr-layout-structure-item-7efd138b-cd83-446a-75d4-76a385568857 " style=""> <div id="fragment-1ff703fb-95ca-2d90-d16e-abfbf77a9390"> <div class="row row-heading" id="technology"> <div class="col-md-9"> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-2950b4f4-677e-9028-7de7-53d94bb2bfdd " style=""> <div id="fragment-e03103c1-debc-396b-401f-634185766b84"> <h2 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">WIPO patent-related assistance</h2> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-2d074373-c429-1c33-d03e-0e6914ae651f lfr-layout-structure-item-row " style=""> <div class="row align-items-lg-start align-items-sm-start align-items-start align-items-md-start flex-lg-row flex-sm-row flex-row flex-md-row"> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-3"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-331c0252-ac43-85e7-5918-2f0e011f2821 " style=""> <div id="fragment-94f546ab-0374-ffeb-605b-d27e119603fe"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Training in patents</h3> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-5814f78c-4782-6a18-2bde-b6a312afd1ce " style=""> <div id="fragment-2dec3b2d-30e9-71ac-33a9-b5e1fa3d4f69"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> The <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webcms.wipo.int/en/web/patent-drafting/index">Patent Drafting Training Program</a> assists users of the patent system to develop practical skills in drafting and filing patent applications. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-5f22813f-5da4-f2d1-f3eb-a2972c3f2ca8 " style=""> <div id="fragment-c3416a74-3193-db6c-9d1a-70375a4a5507"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Choose one of the <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/academy/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Academy</a> general or specialized <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/academy/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#programs">courses on IP</a>, delivered through a combination of face-to-face and distance learning methodologies. </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-1916ef6a-978f-bef3-ac8b-fbc4d71f26ed " style=""> <div id="fragment-66802ab3-0f85-51e1-9ea3-06bac80a8d65"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Join one of the many <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/meetings/en/topic_type.jsp?group_id=242&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO workshops and seminars</a> available throughout the year, online and offline, to enhance your knowledge about the use of patents-related services like, for example, PATENTSCOPE. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-3"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-4ad1d80d-7711-2f5e-6373-2edc60daefba " style=""> <div id="fragment-70d8860c-db15-8162-62df-1e2facff6632"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Assistance to inventors from developing countries</h3> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-b57ed730-7795-5ab6-2420-da49b05ec426 " style=""> <div id="fragment-e48ad0a3-eb60-2a8d-24ac-fa075a303d0a"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> WIPO's <a href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/inventor-assistance-program?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Inventor Assistance Program</a> matches developing country inventors and small businesses with limited financial means with patent attorneys, who provide pro bono legal assistance to secure patent protection. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-2b773967-901b-8495-48f3-beb6d54b452f " style=""> <div id="fragment-b6fcf167-f6f4-4ab9-8437-06f049dc7749"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Furthermore, our <a href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/tisc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Technology and Innovation Support Center (TISC)</a> program gives innovators in developing countries access to high quality technology information and related services to help them create, protect, and manage intellectual property rights. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-3"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-3c71470b-c03e-9704-b5ed-85552b25b525 " style=""> <div id="fragment-67b57b48-1cb6-0588-8740-8f14035a4dce"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Assistance for IP offices</h3> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-be6d8431-8759-17d0-20ad-9cfdbb4694c1 " style=""> <div id="fragment-14f938ae-ff86-648b-8b10-c6a13b1cbb4d"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> The <a href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/das?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">WIPO Digital Access Service (DAS)</a> allows priority and other similar documents to be securely exchanged among participating intellectual property offices. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-56cdef86-57ad-a298-6013-84ab849caba1 " style=""> <div id="fragment-b9c9e641-fbfb-ea25-e70c-f32fd3829093"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> The <a href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/web/case?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Centralized Access to Search and Examination (CASE) system</a> enables patent offices to securely share the search and examination documentation related to patent applications, facilitating a more effective and efficient international examination process. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col-lg-3 col-sm-12 col-12 col-md-3"> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-d198bf9b-b586-d324-1a1b-03eccfe41c9e " style=""> <div id="fragment-2b12079f-cc6e-6b47-4c72-92ae3d1920eb"> <h3 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Legislative assistance</h3> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-4163508a-3c6d-99bf-958c-e5dd8c7fbfc0 " style=""> <div id="fragment-65e7bf20-cd14-d85d-d7be-81700d4af86b"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> We provide wide-ranging <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/ip-development/en/policy_legislative_assistance/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">policy and legislative assistance</a> to <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ocms.wipo.int/members/en/">WIPO member states</a>, upon request from national authorities. </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-0ed0d7ab-3d3d-16a0-3d88-d2ab886b721f lfr-layout-structure-item-container ulf-section ulf-line container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl" style=""> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-block-id-include--copy- lfr-layout-structure-item-af945c16-3365-e1f5-8052-c3c67fc2c9d1 " style=""> <div id="fragment-f868c0df-7918-39eb-7371-1a5d0bfff786"> <div class="row row-heading" id="more"> <div class="col-md-9"> <div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-heading lfr-layout-structure-item-fae9bb80-4aa9-e30b-62b4-bfd455e5d74f " style=""> <div id="fragment-2b73f3f3-afbb-ff3f-aaaf-9f10a6fc9bf4"> <h2 class="component-heading mb-0 text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="text">Find out more</h2> </div> <style>.fragment-heading-text-colored a { color: inherit; }</style> </div> <div class="lfr-layout-structure-item-basic-component-paragraph lfr-layout-structure-item-5487961f-73a3-1f74-2da9-11c98edcec52 " style=""> <div id="fragment-f39704e6-b49f-fbbb-2b55-6a65eb11f817"> <div class="clearfix component-paragraph text-break" data-lfr-editable-id="element-text" data-lfr-editable-type="rich-text"> Find experts on environmentally-friendly technologies and get connected with others through <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www3.wipo.int/wipogreen/en/">WIPO Green</a>, <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/pat-informed/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Pat-INFORMED</a> and other <a data-senna-off="true" href="https://www-wipo-int.translate.goog/cooperation/en/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#ppp">Public-Private Partnerships</a> </div> </div> <style>.component-paragraph img { max-width: 100%; }</style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <form action="#" aria-hidden="true" class="hide" id="hrefFm" method="post" name="hrefFm"> <span></span><button hidden type="submit">Hidden</button> </form> </section> </div> <div class="container-footer-outer"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid-max-xl"><wipo-footer id="footer"> <span slot="contact">https://www3.wipo.int/contact/en/</span> <span slot="media">https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/</span> <span slot="terms">https://www.wipo.int/tools/en/disclaim.html</span> <span slot="privacy">https://www.wipo.int/en/web/privacy-policy</span> <span slot="accessibility">https://www.wipo.int/en/web/accessibility</span> <span slot="sitemap">https://www.wipo.int/tools/en/sitemap.html</span> <span slot="newsletters">https://www3.wipo.int/newsletters/en/</span> <span slot="podcast">https://www.wipo.int/en/web/podcasts</span> <span slot="rss-feed">https://www.wipo.int/news/en/</span> </wipo-footer> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ Liferay.currentURL = '\x2fen\x2fweb\x2fpatents\x2f'; Liferay.currentURLEncoded = '\x252Fen\x252Fweb\x252Fpatents\x252F'; // ]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // <![CDATA[ // ]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() {var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; var onDestroyPortlet = function () { Liferay.detach('messagePosted', onMessagePosted); Liferay.detach('destroyPortlet', onDestroyPortlet); }; Liferay.on('destroyPortlet', onDestroyPortlet); var onMessagePosted = function (event) { if (window.Analytics) { const eventProperties = { className: event.className, classPK: event.classPK, commentId: event.commentId, text: event.text, }; const blogNode = document.querySelector( '[data-analytics-asset-id="' + event.classPK + '"]' ); const dmNode = document.querySelector( '[data-analytics-file-entry-id="' + event.classPK + '"]' ); if (blogNode) { eventProperties.title = blogNode.dataset.analyticsAssetTitle; } else if (dmNode) { eventProperties.title = dmNode.dataset.analyticsFileEntryTitle; } Analytics.send('posted', 'Comment', eventProperties); } }; Liferay.on('messagePosted', onMessagePosted); })(); (function() {var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; var onVote = function (event) { if (window.Analytics) { let title = event.contentTitle; if (!title) { const dmNode = document.querySelector( '[data-analytics-file-entry-id="' + event.classPK + '"]' ); if (dmNode) { title = dmNode.dataset.analyticsFileEntryTitle; } } Analytics.send('VOTE', 'Ratings', { className: event.className, classPK: event.classPK, ratingType: event.ratingType, score: event.score, title, }); } }; var onDestroyPortlet = function () { Liferay.detach('ratings:vote', onVote); Liferay.detach('destroyPortlet', onDestroyPortlet); }; Liferay.on('ratings:vote', onVote); Liferay.on('destroyPortlet', onDestroyPortlet); })(); function getValueByAttribute(node, attr) { return ( node.dataset[attr] || (node.parentElement && node.parentElement.dataset[attr]) ); } function sendAnalyticsEvent(anchor) { var fileEntryId = getValueByAttribute(anchor, 'analyticsFileEntryId'); var title = getValueByAttribute(anchor, 'analyticsFileEntryTitle'); var version = getValueByAttribute(anchor, 'analyticsFileEntryVersion'); if (fileEntryId) { Analytics.send('documentDownloaded', 'Document', { groupId: themeDisplay.getScopeGroupId(), fileEntryId, preview: !!window._com_liferay_document_library_analytics_isViewFileEntry, title, version, }); } } function handleDownloadClick(event) { if (window.Analytics) { if (event.target.nodeName.toLowerCase() === 'a') { sendAnalyticsEvent(event.target); } else if ( event.target.parentNode && event.target.parentNode.nodeName.toLowerCase() === 'a' ) { sendAnalyticsEvent(event.target.parentNode); } else { var target = event.target; var matchTitle = target.title && target.title.toLowerCase() === 'download'; var matchAction = target.action === 'download'; var matchLexiconIcon = !!target.querySelector( '.lexicon-icon-download' ); var matchLexiconClassName = target.classList.contains( 'lexicon-icon-download' ); var matchParentTitle = target.parentNode && target.parentNode.title && target.parentNode.title.toLowerCase() === 'download'; var matchParentLexiconClassName = target.parentNode && target.parentNode.classList.contains('lexicon-icon-download'); if ( matchTitle || matchParentTitle || matchAction || matchLexiconIcon || matchLexiconClassName || matchParentLexiconClassName ) { var selectedFiles = document.querySelectorAll( '.form .custom-control-input:checked' ); selectedFiles.forEach(({value}) => { var selectedFile = document.querySelector( '[data-analytics-file-entry-id="' + value + '"]' ); sendAnalyticsEvent(selectedFile); }); } } } } Liferay.once('destroyPortlet', () => { document.body.removeEventListener('click', handleDownloadClick); }); Liferay.once('portletReady', () => { document.body.addEventListener('click', handleDownloadClick); }); (function() {var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; var onShare = function (data) { if (window.Analytics) { Analytics.send('shared', 'SocialBookmarks', { className: data.className, classPK: data.classPK, type: data.type, url: data.url, }); } }; var onDestroyPortlet = function () { Liferay.detach('socialBookmarks:share', onShare); Liferay.detach('destroyPortlet', onDestroyPortlet); }; Liferay.on('socialBookmarks:share', onShare); Liferay.on('destroyPortlet', onDestroyPortlet); })(); if (window.svg4everybody && Liferay.Data.ICONS_INLINE_SVG) { svg4everybody( { polyfill: true, validate: function (src, svg, use) { return !src || !src.startsWith('#'); } } ); } </script> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( 'layout-taglib@16.0.1/render_layout_structure/js/InfoItemActionHandler', 'frontend-js-web/index', function(InfoItemActionHandler, frontendJsWeb) { try { AUI().use( 'liferay-menu', function(A) { (function() { Liferay.component('infoItemActionComponent', new InfoItemActionHandler.default({"executeInfoItemActionURL":"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/en\/c\/portal\/execute_info_item_action?p_l_mode=view&plid=10567","namespace":"","spritemap":"https:\/\/cdn.webcms.wipo.int\/o\/wipo-universal-theme\/images\/clay\/icons.svg"}), { destroyOnNavigate: true, portletId: ''}); })(); (function() { var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; var {delegate} = frontendJsWeb; delegate( document, 'focusin', '.portlet', function(event) { event.delegateTarget.closest('.portlet').classList.add('open'); } ); delegate( document, 'focusout', '.portlet', function(event) { event.delegateTarget.closest('.portlet').classList.remove('open'); } ); })(); (function() { var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; new Liferay.Menu(); var liferayNotices = Liferay.Data.notices; for (var i = 0; i < liferayNotices.length; i++) { Liferay.Util.openToast(liferayNotices[i]); } })(); (function() { var $ = AUI.$;var _ = AUI._; var {openToast} = frontendJsWeb; AUI().use( 'liferay-session', function() { Liferay.Session = new Liferay.SessionBase( { autoExtend: true, redirectOnExpire: false, redirectUrl: 'https\x3a\x2f\x2fwww\x2ewipo\x2eint\x2fweb\x2fguest', sessionLength: 600, sessionTimeoutOffset: 130, warningLength: 60 } ); } ); })(); }); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <script src="https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/js/main.js?browserId=other&minifierType=js&languageId=en_US&t=1733223278000" type="text/javascript"></script> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( 'frontend-js-collapse-support-web@2.0.17/index', function(CollapseProvider) { try { (function() { CollapseProvider.default() })(); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( 'frontend-js-alert-support-web@2.0.13/index', function(AlertProvider) { try { (function() { AlertProvider.default() })(); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( 'frontend-js-tooltip-support-web@4.0.22/index', function(TooltipSupport) { try { (function() { TooltipSupport.default() })(); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( 'frontend-js-dropdown-support-web@2.0.14/index', function(DropdownProvider) { try { (function() { DropdownProvider.default() })(); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <script> Liferay.Loader.require( 'frontend-js-tabs-support-web@2.0.15/index', function(TabsProvider) { try { (function() { TabsProvider.default() })(); } catch (err) { console.error(err); } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> Liferay.CustomDialogs = {enabled: false}; </script> <script> </script><!--<script src="https://cdnjs.wipo.int/npm/jquery/jquery-3.4.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-J6qa4849blE2+poT4WnyKhv5vZF5SrPo0iEjwBvKU7imGFAV0wwj1yYfoRSJoZ+n" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>--> <script src="https://cdnjs.wipo.int/npm/popper.js@1.16.0/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-Q6E9RHvbIyZFJoft+2mJbHaEWldlvI9IOYy5n3zV9zzTtmI3UksdQRVvoxMfooAo" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.wipo.int/npm/bootstrap@4.4.1/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-wfSDF2E50Y2D1uUdj0O3uMBJnjuUD4Ih7YwaYd1iqfktj0Uod8GCExl3Og8ifwB6" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdn.webcms.wipo.int/o/wipo-universal-theme/js/universal.js"></script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('en', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>