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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dialects</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dialects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dialects subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dialects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Imenti_dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imenti_dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Imenti dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Imenti_dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sample_phrases_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sample_phrases_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Sample phrases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sample_phrases_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Chuka,_Muthambi_and_Mwimbi_dialects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Chuka,_Muthambi_and_Mwimbi_dialects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>The Chuka, Muthambi and Mwimbi dialects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Chuka,_Muthambi_and_Mwimbi_dialects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sample_phrases_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sample_phrases_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Sample phrases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sample_phrases_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tigania_and_Igembe_dialects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tigania_and_Igembe_dialects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Tigania and Igembe dialects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tigania_and_Igembe_dialects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sample_phrases_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sample_phrases_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Sample phrases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sample_phrases_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tharaka_dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tharaka_dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Tharaka dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tharaka_dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sample_phrases_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sample_phrases_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Sample phrases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sample_phrases_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alphabet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alphabet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Alphabet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alphabet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Media_and_Popular_Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Media_and_Popular_Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In Media and Popular Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Media_and_Popular_Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of 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href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meru_keel" title="Meru keel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Meru keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meru_bhasa" title="Meru bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Meru bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meru_(langue)" title="Meru (langue) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Meru (langue)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshen_Meru" title="Harshen Meru – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshen Meru" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimeru_(Kenya)" title="Kimeru (Kenya) – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kimeru (Kenya)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AB%E8%AA%9E" title="メル語 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メル語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meru_(lenga)" title="Meru (lenga) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Meru (lenga)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Meru" title="Lenga Meru – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Meru" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_meru" title="Język meru – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język meru" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83_(%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA)" title="Меру (язык) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Меру (язык)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merun_kieli" title="Merun kieli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Merun kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13313#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the language spoken in Tanzania and sometimes known as Meru, see <a href="/wiki/West_Kilimanjaro_language" title="West Kilimanjaro language">West Kilimanjaro language</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Meru</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;"><i>Kĩmĩĩrũ</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Meru_County" title="Meru County">Meru County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tharaka_Nithi_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Tharaka Nithi County">Tharaka Nithi County</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Ethnicity</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Meru_people" title="Meru people">Ameru</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">2.0 million (2019 census)<sup id="cite_ref-e26_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e26-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Atlantic%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Atlantic–Congo languages">Atlantic–Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Volta-Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Volta-Congo">Volta-Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Benue%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Benue–Congo languages">Benue–Congo</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantoid_languages" title="Bantoid languages">Bantoid</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Bantoid_languages" title="Southern Bantoid languages">Southern Bantoid</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Bantu" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeast Bantu">Northeast Bantu</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>Thagiicu<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li>North Thagiicu<ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Meru</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="plainlist"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Dialects</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li>Igembe</li> <li>Igoji</li> <li>Imenti</li> <li>Miutini</li> <li>Nuclear Meru</li> <li>Tigania</li> <li>Tharaka</li> <li>Chuka</li> <li>Mwimbi-Muthambi</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><br /><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/mer" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:mer">mer</a></code> – Meru</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/meru1245">meru1245</a></code>  Meru</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie code</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code>E.53,531,54,541</code><sup id="cite_ref-Guthrie_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guthrie-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Meru</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Bantu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu language">Bantu language</a> spoken by the <a href="/wiki/Meru_people" title="Meru people">Meru people</a> (<i>Ameru</i>) who live on the Eastern and Northern slopes of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kenya" title="Mount Kenya">Mount Kenya</a> and on the Nyambene ranges. They settled in this area after centuries of <a href="/wiki/Human_migration" title="Human migration">migration</a> from the north. </p><p>The Meru people are a fairly homogeneous community and all share a common <a href="/wiki/Ancestry" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancestry">ancestry</a>. They speak the same language, <i>Kimeru</i>, with slight regional differences in accent and local words. The community comprises the following subdivisions, from the north to south: </p> <ul><li>Igembe</li> <li>Tigania (Tiania) (<a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a> close to neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Cushitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cushitic">Cushitic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nilotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilotic">Nilotic</a> communities)</li> <li>Imenti</li> <li>Tharaka (Saraka)</li> <li>Igoji</li> <li>Mwimbi–Muthambi</li> <li>Chuka (Gicuka)</li></ul> <p>As the Meru language is similar to its surrounding neighbors, the <a href="/wiki/Kikuyu_language" title="Kikuyu language">Kikuyu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Embu_language" title="Embu language">Embu</a> could have possibly adopted parts of Meru. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sample_phrases">Sample phrases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Sample phrases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English</th> <th>Kimeru </th></tr> <tr> <td>How are you</td> <td>Muuga </td></tr> <tr> <td>Give me water</td> <td>Nkundia rũũji/rũi </td></tr> <tr> <td>How are you doing?</td> <td>Ũrĩ ümwega? </td></tr> <tr> <td>I am hungry</td> <td>Ndĩna mpara </td></tr> <tr> <td>Help me</td> <td>Nteithia/Ntethia </td></tr> <tr> <td>I am good</td> <td>Ndĩ mwega </td></tr> <tr> <td>Are you a friend?</td> <td>Wĩ mũcore? </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bye, be blessed</td> <td>Tigwa bwega, tharimwa. </td></tr> <tr> <td>I love you</td> <td>Inkwendete. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Come here</td> <td>Ĩja aja/ Iyu aa </td></tr> <tr> <td>I will phone you</td> <td>Ngakũringira thimũ </td></tr> </tbody></table><p>I want a cassava||Ndũmia mũanga/mĩanga </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dialects">Dialects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Dialects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kimeru has seven main mutually intelligible dialects. The dialects include Kiimenti widely used by the Imenti section of the Ameru, Tiania/gitiania used by the Tigania, kiigembe used by the Igembe, Kimwimbi used by the Mwïmbï, Kïmüthambï used by the Müthambï, Gicuka used by the Chuka and Kitharaka used by the Tharaka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Imenti_dialect">Imenti dialect</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Imenti dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is the commonly used dialect in Meru. The dialect acts as the lingua franca between all the nine subtribes of Meru. It is the official dialect used in the Kimeru Bible translations. It is commonly used in Nkubu, Timau, Kibirichia, Meru town and Ruiri areas of Meru County. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sample_phrases_2">Sample phrases</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sample phrases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English</th> <th>Imenti </th></tr> <tr> <td>How are you</td> <td>Nĩatĩa ũrĩ? Muuga? </td></tr> <tr> <td>Give me water to drink</td> <td>Nkundia rũũji </td></tr> <tr> <td>Home</td> <td>Nja/Mũciĩ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get out</td> <td>Uma njaa/ome </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get Inside</td> <td>Kũrũka/Tonya </td></tr> <tr> <td>Today</td> <td>Naarua </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tomorrow</td> <td>Rũüjü </td></tr> <tr> <td>Come here</td> <td>Ĩja aja </td></tr> <tr> <td>I will phone you</td> <td>Ngakũringira thimũ </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Chuka,_Muthambi_and_Mwimbi_dialects"><span id="The_Chuka.2C_Muthambi_and_Mwimbi_dialects"></span>The Chuka, Muthambi and Mwimbi dialects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Chuka, Muthambi and Mwimbi dialects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Chuka dialect</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Chuka dialect</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/cuh" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:cuh">cuh</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/chuk1274">chuk1274</a></code>  Chuka</td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236303919"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Muthambi dialect</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Muthambi dialect</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/mws" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:mws">mws</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/muth1242">muth1242</a></code>  Muthambi</td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236303919"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Mwimbi dialect</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Mwimbi dialect</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/mws" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:mws">mws</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mwim1242">mwim1242</a></code>  Mwimbi</td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236303919"> <p>The dialects are more related to Gikuyu and Meru proper, and are common in Igoji, Chogoria and Chuka regions of Meru County and Tharaka Nithi County. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sample_phrases_3">Sample phrases</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sample phrases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English</th> <th>Chuka/Muthambi/Mwimbi </th></tr> <tr> <td>How are you</td> <td>Muuga </td></tr> <tr> <td>Give me water to drink</td> <td>nkundia rũnjĩ/rüjÏ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Home</td> <td>Mũcii </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get out</td> <td>Uma nja </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get Inside</td> <td>Kũrũka/Tonya/Thungira </td></tr> <tr> <td>Today</td> <td>Ũmũnthi </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tomorrow</td> <td>Rũjũ/Rũũ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Come here</td> <td>Üka/Njü aa </td></tr> <tr> <td>I will phone you</td> <td>Ngakũringira/Ngakubũrira thimũ </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tigania_and_Igembe_dialects">Tigania and Igembe dialects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tigania and Igembe dialects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Tigania dialect</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Tigania dialect</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">–</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/tiga1244">tiga1244</a></code>  Tigania</td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236303919"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Igembe dialect</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Igembe dialect</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">–</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/igem1238">igem1238</a></code>  Igembe</td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236303919"> <p>The dialects are mostly spoken in Miraa or Khat growing areas of Muthara, Karama, Kangeta, Maua, Laare and Mutuati in Meru County. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sample_phrases_4">Sample phrases</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sample phrases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English</th> <th>TIgania/Igembe </th></tr> <tr> <td>How are you</td> <td>Muua </td></tr> <tr> <td>Give me water to drink</td> <td>Nkundia Rũĩ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Home</td> <td>Mucie/Mucii </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get out</td> <td>Tũra </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get Inside</td> <td>Unkuma </td></tr> <tr> <td>Today</td> <td>Ruarii </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tomorrow</td> <td>Rũũ/Rũyũ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Come here</td> <td>Ĩya haa/iyu haa </td></tr> <tr> <td>I will phone you</td> <td>Ngakũringira thimũ </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tharaka_dialect">Tharaka dialect</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tharaka dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Tharaka dialect</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a>? <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Tharaka dialect</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #ffddaa;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/thk" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:thk">thk</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/thar1283">thar1283</a></code>  Tharaka</td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236303919"> <p>The dialect is more closely related to the Kamba and Tigania dialects. It is most common in Tharaka areas of Tharaka Nithi County. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sample_phrases_5">Sample phrases</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sample phrases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English</th> <th>Tharaka </th></tr> <tr> <td>How are you</td> <td>Muuga </td></tr> <tr> <td>Give me water to drink</td> <td>Nkundia rũũyĩ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Home</td> <td>Mũciĩ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get out</td> <td>Uma nja </td></tr> <tr> <td>Get Inside</td> <td>Thũngĩra </td></tr> <tr> <td>Today</td> <td>Ĩmunthĩ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tomorrow</td> <td>Rũũ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Come here</td> <td>Ncũ aga </td></tr> <tr> <td>I will phone you</td> <td>Ngakũringĩra thimũ </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alphabet">Alphabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Alphabet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kimeru is written in a Latin alphabet. It does not use the letters <i>f p q s v x z</i>, and adds the letters <i>ĩ</i> and <i>ũ</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kimeru alphabet is: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td bgcolor="#EFEFEF" colspan="20"><b><a href="/wiki/Capital_letters" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital letters">Majuscule forms</a></b> (also called <b>uppercase</b> or <b>capital letters</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>A</td> <td>B</td> <td>C</td> <td>D</td> <td>E</td> <td>G</td> <td>H</td> <td>I</td> <td>Ĩ</td> <td>J</td> <td>K</td> <td>M</td> <td>N</td> <td>O</td> <td>R</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td>Ũ</td> <td>W</td> <td>Y </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#EFEFEF" colspan="20"><b><a href="/wiki/Lower_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower case">Minuscule forms</a></b> (also called <b>lowercase</b> or <b>small letters</b>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e</td> <td>g</td> <td>h</td> <td>i</td> <td>ĩ</td> <td>j</td> <td>k</td> <td>m</td> <td>n</td> <td>o</td> <td>r</td> <td>t</td> <td>u</td> <td>ũ</td> <td>w</td> <td>y </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><u><b>Noun Classes</b></u> </p><p>Kimeru has sixteen noun classes as tabulated below. the classes are grammatical and represent how words fit into sentences. Of the noun classes, classes 1, 3, 4, 9 and ten are irregular while the rest are regular. This implies that verbal, adjectival and conjunction concords are not the same. </p><p>Example class 1 verses class 2. class 1- Muntü üjü müraja auma Nairobi. class 2- Antü baba baraja bauma Nairobi. </p><p>Class 1-This tall person has come from Nairobi. Class 2. These tall people have come from Nairobi. In class 1 demonstrative 'this' is üjü, with ü as its concord. The adjective -raja has mü as its concord and the verb uma has a as its concord hence 'auma'. on the other hand in class two each of the above cases have ba as a concord. the difference is only in üjü and baba as demonstratives is that all strong classes use double concords as demonstratives. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Noun class </th> <th>Exam </th> <th>This/These </th> <th>Adjectival </th> <th>Verbal </th></tr> <tr> <th>1- <b>Mü</b> </th> <th>Mükürü </th> <th>Üjü </th> <th>Mü-raja </th> <th>A-kwija </th></tr> <tr> <th>2-Ba </th> <th>Akürü </th> <th>Baba </th> <th>Ba-raja </th> <th>Ba-kwija </th></tr> <tr> <th>3-Mü </th> <th>Müti </th> <th>üü/üjü </th> <th>Mü-raja </th> <th>ü-kügwa </th></tr> <tr> <td>4-Mï </td> <td>Mïtï </td> <td>ïjï/ïno </td> <td>Mï- raja </td> <td>ï- kügwa </td></tr> <tr> <td>5- Ri </td> <td>Riitho </td> <td>Rïrï </td> <td>Rï-nene </td> <td>Rï-kwona </td></tr> <tr> <td>6- Ma </td> <td>Meetho </td> <td>Jaja/Mama </td> <td>Ma-nene </td> <td>Ma-kwona </td></tr> <tr> <td>7-Kï </td> <td>Kïara </td> <td>Gïkï </td> <td>Kï-nene </td> <td>Gï-kworonta </td></tr> <tr> <td>8-Bï </td> <td>Bïara </td> <td>Bïbi </td> <td>Bï-nene </td> <td>Bï-kworonta </td></tr> <tr> <td>9-Ng' </td> <td>Ng'ombe </td> <td>Ïjï/Ïno </td> <td>Ï-nene </td> <td>Ï-güküra </td></tr> <tr> <td>10-Ng' </td> <td>Ng'ombe </td> <td>Ijï/Ino </td> <td>I-nene </td> <td>I-güküra </td></tr> <tr> <td>11-Rü </td> <td>Rüreme </td> <td>Rürü </td> <td>Rü-raja </td> <td>Rü-gücuna </td></tr> <tr> <td>10- Ng' </td> <td>Ndeme </td> <td>Ijï/Ino </td> <td>I- ndaja </td> <td>I-gücuna </td></tr> <tr> <td>12-Ka </td> <td>Kana </td> <td>Gaka </td> <td>Ka-nini </td> <td>Ga-gükena </td></tr> <tr> <td>13-Tü </td> <td>Twana </td> <td>Tütü </td> <td>Tü-nini </td> <td>Tü-gükena </td></tr> <tr> <td>14- Bü </td> <td>Ücürü </td> <td>Bübü </td> <td>Bü-rüru </td> <td>Bü-küthira </td></tr> <tr> <td>15-Kü </td> <td>Kügürü </td> <td>Gükü </td> <td>Gü-künene </td> <td>Gü-gükinya </td></tr> <tr> <td>16-A </td> <td>Antü </td> <td>Aja/aa </td> <td>A-nene </td> <td>A-kürïmwa </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Kimeru follows Dahl's law thus a "K" syllable cannot follow a "K' syllable. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Media_and_Popular_Culture">In Media and Popular Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: In Media and Popular Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A Kenyan musical group known as High Pitch Band Afrika based in <a href="/wiki/Meru_County" title="Meru County">Meru County</a> has done a cover of the <a href="/wiki/Luis_Fonsi" title="Luis Fonsi">Luis Fonsi</a>'s popular hit single <a href="/wiki/Despacito" title="Despacito">Despacito</a> in Kimeru language. The Kimeru cover was uploaded on YouTube on July 10, 2017, and has generated over 500,000 views since then. </p><p>In Media the Kimeru language is used as the primary broadcast language of several Radio and TV stations in Kenya. Some include: Meru Fm, Muuga Fm, Weru Fm, Weru TV, Baite TV, Thiiri Fm among many others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-e26-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e26_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/mer">Meru</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (26th ed., 2023) <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"><img alt="Closed access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/9px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/14px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/18px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guthrie-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guthrie_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180203191542/http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf">New Updated Guthrie List Online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ameru.co.ke/writing-kimeru/">"5 Steps to get you Writing Kimeru like a Njuri Ncheke Editor - The Ameru"</a>. <i>The Ameru</i>. 2017-11-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ameru&rft.atitle=5+Steps+to+get+you+Writing+Kimeru+like+a+Njuri+Ncheke+Editor+-+The+Ameru&rft.date=2017-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ameru.co.ke%2Fwriting-kimeru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMeru+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meru_language&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mer.kasahorow.org/app/d">Meru dictionary</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415164614/http://www.panafril10n.org/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Meru">PanAfrican L10n page on Meru</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bluegecko.org/kenya/tribes/meru/history.htm">"page on Meru History</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of Kenya"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Kenya" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kenya" title="Languages of Kenya">Languages of Kenya</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_English" title="Kenyan English">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Swahili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous<br />languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bajuni_dialect" title="Bajuni dialect">Bajuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digo_language" title="Digo language">Digo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embu_language" title="Embu language">Embu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gusii_language" title="Gusii language">Gusii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki_language" title="Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki language">Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilwana_language" title="Ilwana language">Ilwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_language" title="Kamba language">Kamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khayo_language" title="Khayo language">Khayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikuyu_language" title="Kikuyu language">Kikuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuria_language" title="Kuria language">Kuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logoli_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Logoli language">Logoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhya_language" title="Luhya language">Luhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marachi_language" title="Marachi language">Marachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Mijikenda</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Meru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyole_language_(Kenya)" title="Nyole language (Kenya)">Nyole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokomo_language" title="Pokomo language">Pokomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samia_language" title="Samia language">Samia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suba_language" title="Suba language">Suba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taita_language" title="Taita language">Taita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Nyala_language" title="West Nyala language">West Nyala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cushitic_languages" title="Cushitic languages">Cushitic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aweer_language" title="Aweer language">Aweer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burji_language" title="Burji language">Burji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daasanach_language" title="Daasanach language">Daasanach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahalo_language" title="Dahalo language">Dahalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Molo_language" title="El Molo language">El Molo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orma_language" title="Orma language">Orma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_language" title="Oromo language">Oromo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendille_language" title="Rendille language">Rendille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_language" title="Somali language">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Oromo_language" title="Southern Oromo language">Southern Oromo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waata_language" title="Waata language">Waata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaaku_language" title="Yaaku language">Yaaku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nilo-Saharan_languages" title="Nilo-Saharan languages">Nilo-Saharan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kipsigis_language" title="Kipsigis language">Kipsigis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dholuo" title="Dholuo">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_language" title="Maasai language">Maasai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naandi_language" title="Naandi language">Naandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogiek_language" title="Ogiek language">Ogiek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omotik_language" title="Omotik language">Omotik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%B6koot_language" title="Pökoot language">Pökoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samburu_language" title="Samburu language">Samburu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugen_language" title="Tugen language">Tugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkana_language" title="Turkana language">Turkana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrant languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sign languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_Sign_Language" title="Kenyan Sign Language">Kenyan Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Urban languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheng_slang" title="Sheng slang">Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engsh" title="Engsh">Engsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E–H)_(by_Guthrie_classification)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E%E2%80%93H)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E%E2%80%93H)" title="Template talk:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E%E2%80%93H)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E–H)_(by_Guthrie_classification)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Narrow <a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu languages</a> (Zones E–H) (by <a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie classification</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone E</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">[J]E10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>[J]E11 <a href="/wiki/Nyoro_language" title="Nyoro language">Nyoro</a></li> <li>[J]E12 <a href="/wiki/Tooro_language" title="Tooro language">Tooro</a></li> <li>[J]E13 <a href="/wiki/Nkore_language" title="Nkore language">Nyankore</a></li> <li>[J]E14 <a href="/wiki/Kiga_language" title="Kiga language">Ciga</a></li> <li>[J]E15 <a href="/wiki/Luganda" title="Luganda">Ganda</a></li> <li>[J]E16 <a href="/wiki/Soga_language" title="Soga language">Soga</a></li> <li>[J]E17 <a href="/wiki/Gwere_language" title="Gwere language">Gwere</a></li> <li>[J]E18 <a href="/wiki/Luhya_language" title="Luhya language">Nyala</a></li> <li>[JE101 <a href="/wiki/Gungu_language" title="Gungu language">Gungu</a></li> <li>JE102 <a href="/wiki/Talinga_language" title="Talinga language">Talinga-Bwisi</a></li> <li>JE103 <a href="/wiki/Ruuli_language" title="Ruuli language">Ruli</a></li> <li>JE121 <a href="/wiki/Hema_language" title="Hema language">Hema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">[J]E20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>[J]E21 <a href="/wiki/Nyambo_language" title="Nyambo language">Nyambo</a></li> <li>[J]E22 <a href="/wiki/Haya_language" title="Haya language">Ziba</a></li> <li>[J]E23 <a href="/wiki/Zinza_language" title="Zinza language">Dzindza</a></li> <li>[J]E24 <a href="/wiki/Kerewe_language" title="Kerewe language">Kerebe</a></li> <li>[J]E25 <a href="/wiki/Jita_language" title="Jita language">Jita</a></li> <li>[JE221 <a href="/wiki/Haya_language" title="Haya language">Rashi</a></li> <li>JE251 <a href="/wiki/Kwaya_language" title="Kwaya language">Kwaya</a></li> <li>JE252 <a href="/wiki/Kara_language_(Tanzania)" title="Kara language (Tanzania)">Kara</a></li> <li>JE253 <a href="/wiki/Kwaya_language" title="Kwaya language">Ruri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">[J]E30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>[J]E31a <a href="/wiki/Masaba_language" title="Masaba language">Gisu</a></li> <li>[J]E31b <a href="/wiki/Masaba_language" title="Masaba language">Kisu</a></li> <li>[J]E31c <a href="/wiki/Bukusu_dialect" title="Bukusu dialect">Bukusu</a></li> <li>[J]E32a <a href="/wiki/Luhya_language" title="Luhya language">Hanga</a></li> <li>[J]E32b <a href="/wiki/Luhya_language" title="Luhya language">Tsotso</a></li> <li>[J]E33 <a href="/wiki/Nyole_language_(Kenya)" title="Nyole language (Kenya)">Nyore</a></li> <li>[J]E34 <a href="/wiki/Samia_language" title="Samia language">Saamia</a></li> <li>[J]E35 <a href="/wiki/Nyole_language_(Uganda)" title="Nyole language (Uganda)">Nyuli</a></li> <li>[JE341 <a href="/wiki/Khayo_language" title="Khayo language">Xaayo</a></li> <li>JE342 <a href="/wiki/Marachi_language" title="Marachi language">Marachi</a></li> <li>JE343 <a href="/wiki/Samia_language" title="Samia language">Songa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">[J]E40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>[J]E41 <a href="/wiki/Logooli_language" title="Logooli language">Logooli</a></li> <li>[J]E42 <a href="/wiki/Gusii_language" title="Gusii language">Gusii</a></li> <li>[J]E43 <a href="/wiki/Kuria_language" title="Kuria language">Koria</a></li> <li>[J]E44 <a href="/wiki/Zanaki_language" title="Zanaki language">Zanaki</a></li> <li>[J]E45 <a href="/wiki/Ikoma_language" title="Ikoma language">Nata</a></li> <li>E46 <a href="/wiki/Sonjo_language" title="Sonjo language">Sonjo</a></li> <li>[JE401 <a href="/wiki/Ngoreme_language" title="Ngoreme language">Nguruimi</a></li> <li>JE402 <a href="/wiki/Ikizu_language" title="Ikizu language">Ikizu</a></li> <li>JE403 <a href="/wiki/Suba_language" title="Suba language">Suba</a>/<a href="/wiki/Suba-Simbiti_language" title="Suba-Simbiti language">Suba-Simbiti</a></li> <li>JE404 <a href="/wiki/Ikizu_language" title="Ikizu language">Shashi</a></li> <li>JE405 <a href="/wiki/Kabwa_language" title="Kabwa language">Kabwa</a></li> <li>JE406 <a href="/wiki/Singa_language" title="Singa language">Singa</a></li> <li>JE407 <a href="/wiki/Ware_language" title="Ware language">Ware</a></li> <li>JE411 <a href="/wiki/Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki_language" title="Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki language">Idaxo</a></li> <li>JE412 <a href="/wiki/Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki_language" title="Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki language">Isuxa</a></li> <li>JE413 <a href="/wiki/Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki_language" title="Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki language">Tiriki</a></li> <li>JE431 <a href="/wiki/Kuria_language" title="Kuria language">Simbiti</a></li> <li>JE432 <a href="/wiki/Kuria_language" title="Kuria language">Hacha</a></li> <li>JE433 <a href="/wiki/Kuria_language" title="Kuria language">Surwa</a></li> <li>JE434 <a href="/wiki/Kuria_language" title="Kuria language">Sweta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E50</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>E51 <a href="/wiki/Kikuyu_language" title="Kikuyu language">Kikuyu</a></li> <li>E52 <a href="/wiki/Embu_language" title="Embu language">Embu</a></li> <li>E53 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Meru</a></li> <li>E54 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saraka</a></li> <li>E55 <a href="/wiki/Kamba_language" title="Kamba language">Kamba</a></li> <li>E56 <a href="/wiki/Kamba_language" title="Kamba language">Daiso</a></li> <li>[E531 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mwimbi-Muthambi</a></li> <li>E541 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cuka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E60</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>E61[621a] <a href="/wiki/West_Kilimanjaro_language" title="West Kilimanjaro language">Rwo</a></li> <li>E62a[621b,622a] <a href="/wiki/West_Kilimanjaro_language" title="West Kilimanjaro language">Hai</a></li> <li>E62b[622c] <a href="/wiki/Central_Kilimanjaro_language" title="Central Kilimanjaro language">Wunjo</a></li> <li>E62c[623] <a href="/wiki/Rombo_language" title="Rombo language">Rombo</a></li> <li>E63 <a href="/wiki/Rusa_language" title="Rusa language">Rusa</a></li> <li>E64 <a href="/wiki/Kahe_language" title="Kahe language">Kahe</a></li> <li>E65 <a href="/wiki/Gweno_language" title="Gweno language">Gweno</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E70</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>E71 <a href="/wiki/Pokomo_language" title="Pokomo language">Pokomo</a></li> <li>E72a <a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Gyriama</a></li> <li>E72b <a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Kauma</a></li> <li>E72c <a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Conyi</a></li> <li>E72d <a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Duruma</a></li> <li>E72e <a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Rabai</a></li> <li>E73 <a href="/wiki/Digo_language" title="Digo language">Digo</a></li> <li>E74a <a href="/wiki/Taita_language" title="Taita language">Dabida</a></li> <li>E74b[741] <a href="/wiki/Taita_language" title="Taita language">Sagala</a></li> <li>[E701 <a href="/wiki/Ilwana_language" title="Ilwana language">Elwana</a></li> <li>E731 <a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Segeju</a></li> <li>E732 <a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_language" title="Mijikenda language">Degere</a></li> <li>E74 <a href="/wiki/Taita_language" title="Taita language">Taita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone F</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">F10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>F11 <a href="/wiki/Tongwe_language" title="Tongwe language">Tongwe</a></li> <li>F12 <a href="/wiki/Tongwe_language" title="Tongwe language">Bende</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">[J]F20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>[J]F21 <a href="/wiki/Sukuma_language" title="Sukuma language">Sukuma</a></li> <li>[J]F22 <a href="/wiki/Nyamwezi_language" title="Nyamwezi language">Nyamwezi</a></li> <li>[J]F23 <a href="/wiki/Sumbwa_language" title="Sumbwa language">Sumbwa</a></li> <li>[J]F24 <a href="/wiki/Kimbu_language" title="Kimbu language">Kimbu</a></li> <li>[J]F25 <a href="/wiki/Bungu_language" title="Bungu language">Bungu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">F30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>F31 <a href="/wiki/Iramba_language" title="Iramba language">Nilamba</a></li> <li>F32 <a href="/wiki/Turu_language" title="Turu language">Remi</a></li> <li>F33 <a href="/wiki/Rangi_language" title="Rangi language">Langi</a></li> <li>F34 <a href="/wiki/Mbugwe_language" title="Mbugwe language">Mbugwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone G</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G11 <a href="/wiki/Gogo_language" title="Gogo language">Gogo</a></li> <li>G12 <a href="/wiki/Kagulu_language" title="Kagulu language">Kaguru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G21 <a href="/wiki/Taveta_language" title="Taveta language">Tubeta</a></li> <li>G22 <a href="/wiki/Pare_language" title="Pare language">Asu</a></li> <li>G23 <a href="/wiki/Shambala_language" title="Shambala language">Shambala</a></li> <li>G24 <a href="/wiki/Bondei_language" title="Bondei language">Bondei</a></li> <li>[G221 <a href="/wiki/Mbugu_language" title="Mbugu language">Mbugu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G31 <a href="/wiki/Zigula_language" title="Zigula language">Zigula</a></li> <li>G32 <a href="/wiki/Kwere_language" title="Kwere language">Ngwele</a></li> <li>G33 <a href="/wiki/Zaramo_language" title="Zaramo language">Zaramo</a></li> <li>G34 <a href="/wiki/Ngulu_language" title="Ngulu language">Ngulu</a></li> <li>G35 <a href="/wiki/Luguru_language" title="Luguru language">Ruguru</a></li> <li>G36 <a href="/wiki/Kami_language_(Tanzania)" title="Kami language (Tanzania)">Kami</a></li> <li>G37 <a href="/wiki/Kutu_language" title="Kutu language">Kutu</a></li> <li>G38 <a href="/wiki/Vidunda_language" title="Vidunda language">Vidunda</a></li> <li>G39 <a href="/wiki/Sagara_language" title="Sagara language">Sagala</a></li> <li>[G301 <a href="/wiki/Doe_language" title="Doe language">Doe</a></li> <li>G311 <a href="/wiki/Zigula_language" title="Zigula language">Mushungulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G41 <a href="/wiki/Bajuni_dialect" title="Bajuni dialect">Tikuu</a></li> <li>G42a <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Amu</a></li> <li>G42b <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Mvita</a></li> <li>G42c <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Mrima</a></li> <li>G42d <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Unguja</a></li> <li>G43a <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Phemba</a></li> <li>G43b <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Tumbatu</a></li> <li>G43c <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Hadimu</a></li> <li>G44a <a href="/wiki/Comorian_languages" title="Comorian languages">Ngazija</a></li> <li>G44b <a href="/wiki/Comorian_languages" title="Comorian languages">Njuani</a></li> <li>[G402 <a href="/wiki/Makwe_language" title="Makwe language">Makwe</a></li> <li>G403 <a href="/wiki/Mwani_language" title="Mwani language">Mwani</a></li> <li>G404 <a href="/wiki/Sidi_language" title="Sidi language">Sidi</a></li> <li>G411 <a href="/wiki/Socotra_Swahili_language" title="Socotra Swahili language">Socotra Swahili</a></li> <li>G412 <a href="/wiki/Bravanese_dialect" title="Bravanese dialect">Mwiini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G50</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G51 <a href="/wiki/Pogolo_language" title="Pogolo language">Pogolo</a></li> <li>G52 <a href="/wiki/Ndamba_language" title="Ndamba language">Ndamba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G60</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G61 <a href="/wiki/Sangu_language_(Tanzania)" title="Sangu language (Tanzania)">Sango</a></li> <li>G62 <a href="/wiki/Hehe_language" title="Hehe language">Hehe</a></li> <li>G63 <a href="/wiki/Bena_language" title="Bena language">Bena</a></li> <li>G64 <a href="/wiki/Pangwa_language" title="Pangwa language">Pangwa</a></li> <li>G65 <a href="/wiki/Kinga_language" title="Kinga language">Kinga</a></li> <li>G66 <a href="/wiki/Vwanji_language" title="Vwanji language">Wanji</a></li> <li>G67 <a href="/wiki/Kisi_language_(Tanzania)" title="Kisi language (Tanzania)">Kisi</a></li> <li>[G651 <a href="/wiki/Magoma_language" title="Magoma language">Magoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zone H</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>H11 <a href="/wiki/Bembe_language_(Kibembe)" title="Bembe language (Kibembe)">Beembe</a></li> <li>H12 <a href="/wiki/Vili_language" title="Vili language">Vili</a></li> <li>H13 <a href="/wiki/Kunyi_language" title="Kunyi language">Kunyi</a></li> <li>H14 <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Ndingi</a></li> <li>H15 <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Mboka</a></li> <li>H16a <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">South Kongo</a></li> <li>H16b <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Central Kongo</a></li> <li>H16c <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Yombe</a></li> <li>H16d <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Fiote</a></li> <li>H16e <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Bwende</a></li> <li>H16f <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Laadi</a></li> <li>H16g <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">East Kongo</a></li> <li>H16h <a href="/wiki/Kongo_language" title="Kongo language">Southeast Kongo</a></li> <li>[H111 <a href="/wiki/Bembe_language_(Kibembe)" title="Bembe language (Kibembe)">Hangala</a></li> <li>H112 <a href="/wiki/Bembe_language_(Kibembe)" title="Bembe language (Kibembe)">Kamba</a>-<a href="/wiki/Bembe_language_(Kibembe)" title="Bembe language (Kibembe)">Doondo</a></li> <li>H131 <a href="/wiki/Suundi_language" title="Suundi language">Suundi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>H21a <a href="/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu">Kimbundu</a></li> <li>H21b <a href="/wiki/Kimbundu" title="Kimbundu">Mbamba</a></li> <li>H22 <a href="/wiki/Sama_language_(Angola)" title="Sama language (Angola)">Sama</a></li> <li>H23 <a href="/wiki/Bolo_language" title="Bolo language">Bolo</a></li> <li>H24 <a href="/wiki/Nsongo_language" title="Nsongo language">Songo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>H31 <a href="/wiki/Yaka_language_(Congo%E2%80%93Angola)" title="Yaka language (Congo–Angola)">Yaka</a></li> <li>H32 <a href="/wiki/Suku_language" title="Suku language">Suku</a></li> <li>H33 [L12b] <a href="/wiki/Holu_language" title="Holu language">Hungu</a></li> <li>H34 <a href="/wiki/Mbangala_language" title="Mbangala language">Mbangala</a></li> <li>H35 <a href="/wiki/Shinji_language" title="Shinji language">Sinji</a></li> <li>[H321 <a href="/wiki/Sonde_language" title="Sonde language">Soonde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>H41 <a href="/wiki/Mbala_language" title="Mbala language">Mbala</a></li> <li>H42 <a href="/wiki/Hungana_language" title="Hungana language">Hunganna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a>.</li> <li>Languages between parentheses are <a href="/wiki/Variety_(linguistics)" title="Variety (linguistics)">varieties</a> of the language on their left.</li></ul> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Guthrie_classification_of_Bantu_languages" title="Guthrie classification of Bantu languages">Guthrie classification</a> is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_A%E2%80%93B)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_C%E2%80%93D)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_E%E2%80%93H)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_J%E2%80%93M)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrow_Bantu_languages_(Zones_N%E2%80%93S)" title="Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)">Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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