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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of directional antenna</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Corner_reflector" title="Corner reflector">Corner reflector</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Corner_reflector_TV_antenna.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Corner_reflector_TV_antenna.png" decoding="async" width="197" height="339" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="339" /></a><figcaption>Corner reflector UHF TV antenna from 1954 with bowtie dipole driven element</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>corner reflector antenna</b> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Directional_antenna" title="Directional antenna">directional antenna</a> used at <a href="/wiki/Very_high_frequency" title="Very high frequency">VHF</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a> frequencies.<sup id="cite_ref-Stutzman_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stutzman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ARRL_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was invented by <a href="/wiki/John_D._Kraus" title="John D. Kraus">John D. Kraus</a> in 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-Patent_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Patent-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kraus_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kraus-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It consists of a <a href="/wiki/Dipole_antenna" title="Dipole antenna">dipole</a> <a href="/wiki/Driven_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Driven element">driven element</a> mounted in front of two flat rectangular reflecting screens joined at an angle, usually 90°.<sup id="cite_ref-Stutzman_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stutzman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Corner reflector antennas have moderate <a href="/wiki/Gain_(electronics)" title="Gain (electronics)">gain</a> of 10–15 dB,<sup id="cite_ref-ARRL_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> high <a href="/wiki/Front-to-back_ratio" title="Front-to-back ratio">front-to-back ratio</a> of 20–30 dB, and wide <a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)" title="Bandwidth (signal processing)">bandwidth</a>. </p><p>Corner reflector antennas are widely used for UHF <a href="/wiki/Television_antenna" title="Television antenna">television receiving antennas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Point-to-point_(telecommunications)" title="Point-to-point (telecommunications)">point-to-point</a> communication links and data links for <a href="/wiki/Wireless_WAN" title="Wireless WAN">wireless WANs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">amateur radio</a> antennas on the 144, 420, and 1296 MHz bands.<sup id="cite_ref-ARRL_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They radiate <a href="/wiki/Linear_polarization" title="Linear polarization">linearly polarized</a> radio waves and can be mounted for either horizontal or vertical polarization. </p><p>The corner reflector <i>antenna</i> should not be confused with a <i><a href="/wiki/Corner_reflector" title="Corner reflector">corner reflector</a></i>, a passive device used to reflect radio waves back toward the source. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_design">Physical design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corner_reflector_antenna&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Physical design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Corner_reflector_antenna_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Corner_reflector_antenna_diagram.svg/220px-Corner_reflector_antenna_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Corner_reflector_antenna_diagram.svg/330px-Corner_reflector_antenna_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Corner_reflector_antenna_diagram.svg/440px-Corner_reflector_antenna_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20151" data-file-height="21746" /></a><figcaption>Construction of a typical corner reflector antenna</figcaption></figure> <p>The flat reflecting surfaces can be metal sheets, but are more often made of wire screen or rod elements parallel to the driven element, to reduce weight and wind loads on the antenna.<sup id="cite_ref-ARRL_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spacing of the rods <i>D</i> should not be more than 0.06 (6%) of the <a href="/wiki/Wavelength" title="Wavelength">wavelength</a>. The angle <i>θ</i> between the sides is most commonly 90°.<sup id="cite_ref-Stutzman_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stutzman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gain increases as the angle narrows, but the increase below 90° is minimal, and requires longer reflector screens be used. However, angles down to 45° have been used.<sup id="cite_ref-ARRL_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The spacing <i>(S)</i> of the driven element in front of the point where the reflectors meet is approximately <span style="white-space: nowrap;">0.5 λ</span> but is not very critical; for 90° antennas the gain doesn't vary more than 1.5 dB for <i>S</i> between <span style="white-space: nowrap;">0.25 λ</span> and <span style="white-space: nowrap;">0.75 λ</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stutzman_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stutzman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ARRL_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Radiation_resistance" title="Radiation resistance">radiation resistance</a> of the dipole increases with this spacing, so the spacing can be adjusted to match the driven element to the feed line.<sup id="cite_ref-ARRL_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bowtie driven elements are often used for wide bandwidth applications like television antennas.<sup id="cite_ref-Stutzman_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stutzman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The antenna can be regarded as a form with a gain intermediate between a plane <a href="/wiki/Reflective_array_antenna" title="Reflective array antenna">reflective array antenna</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Parabolic_antenna" title="Parabolic antenna">parabolic antenna</a>. Corner reflector antennas are particularly suitable in applications where a broadband directional antenna around one to <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> wavelengths in size is needed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraus194018_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraus194018-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A parabolic dish this size has no advantage in gain over the corner reflector, so its simplicity of design and construction make it attractive. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations">Variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corner_reflector_antenna&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several different variations of the antenna are used </p> <ul><li>The single driven element can be replaced by a <a href="/wiki/Yagi-Uda_antenna" class="mw-redirect" title="Yagi-Uda antenna">Yagi array</a>. UHF Yagi <a href="/wiki/Television_antenna" title="Television antenna">television antennas</a> very often use a corner reflector. These antennas actually function more like two separate antennas: the corner reflector and driven element serves to provide broad bandwidth gain at the lower end of the UHF band, while the Yagi array is cut to give extra gain at the high end of the band.</li> <li>Monopole versions for use at lower frequencies have been built by placing vertical reflecting screens behind a vertical <a href="/wiki/Monopole_antenna" title="Monopole antenna">monopole antenna</a>.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:791px;max-width:791px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Corner_reflector_antenna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Corner_reflector_antenna.jpg/100px-Corner_reflector_antenna.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Corner_reflector_antenna.jpg/150px-Corner_reflector_antenna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Corner_reflector_antenna.jpg/200px-Corner_reflector_antenna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="293" data-file-height="545" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">450 MHz homemade corner reflector</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:167px;max-width:167px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UHF-antenn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/UHF-antenn.jpg/165px-UHF-antenn.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/UHF-antenn.jpg/248px-UHF-antenn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/UHF-antenn.jpg/330px-UHF-antenn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="1029" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Modern UHF TV antenna consisting of 3 Yagi arrays in front of a common corner reflector</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:164px;max-width:164px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Troposcatter_corner_reflector_antenna_1955.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Troposcatter_corner_reflector_antenna_1955.jpg/162px-Troposcatter_corner_reflector_antenna_1955.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Troposcatter_corner_reflector_antenna_1955.jpg/243px-Troposcatter_corner_reflector_antenna_1955.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Troposcatter_corner_reflector_antenna_1955.jpg/324px-Troposcatter_corner_reflector_antenna_1955.jpg 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="818" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Large 37-meter-high (120 ft) two-bay corner reflector antenna for military <a href="/wiki/Troposcatter" class="mw-redirect" title="Troposcatter">troposcatter</a> communication link, Massachusetts, 1955</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:105px;max-width:105px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dual_corner_reflector_UHF_TV_antenna.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Dual_corner_reflector_UHF_TV_antenna.png/103px-Dual_corner_reflector_UHF_TV_antenna.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Dual_corner_reflector_UHF_TV_antenna.png/155px-Dual_corner_reflector_UHF_TV_antenna.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Dual_corner_reflector_UHF_TV_antenna.png/206px-Dual_corner_reflector_UHF_TV_antenna.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="396" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Dual stacked corner reflector UHF TV antenna. Stacking 2 antennas increases horizontal gain 3 dB.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:243px;max-width:243px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monopole_corner_reflector_antenna.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Monopole_corner_reflector_antenna.png/241px-Monopole_corner_reflector_antenna.png" decoding="async" width="241" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Monopole_corner_reflector_antenna.png/362px-Monopole_corner_reflector_antenna.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Monopole_corner_reflector_antenna.png/482px-Monopole_corner_reflector_antenna.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="460" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Vertical monopole corner reflector for HF transmission</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corner_reflector_antenna&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Stutzman-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stutzman_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stutzman_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stutzman_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stutzman_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stutzman_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStutzmanThiele2012" class="citation book cs1">Stutzman, Warren L.; Thiele, Gary A. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xhZRA1K57wIC&pg=RA1-PA192"><i>Antenna Theory and Design</i></a>. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 192–194. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-57664-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-57664-9"><bdi>978-0-470-57664-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antenna+Theory+and+Design&rft.pages=192-194&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-470-57664-9&rft.aulast=Stutzman&rft.aufirst=Warren+L.&rft.au=Thiele%2C+Gary+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxhZRA1K57wIC%26pg%3DRA1-PA192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACorner+reflector+antenna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ARRL-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ARRL_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARRL_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARRL_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARRL_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARRL_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARRL_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ARRL_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStraw2000" class="citation book cs1">Straw, R. Dean (2000). <i>The ARRL Antenna Book</i> (19 ed.). American Radio Relay League. pp. 18.9–18.11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87259-817-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87259-817-9"><bdi>0-87259-817-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+ARRL+Antenna+Book&rft.pages=18.9-18.11&rft.edition=19&rft.pub=American+Radio+Relay+League&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-87259-817-9&rft.aulast=Straw&rft.aufirst=R.+Dean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACorner+reflector+antenna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Patent-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Patent_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kraus, John D., US patent 2270314, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US2270314">Corner reflector antenna</a>, filed January 31, 1940; granted January 20, 1942.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kraus-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kraus_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKraus1988" class="citation book cs1">Kraus, John D. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.125books.com/inc/pt4321/pt4322/pt4323/pt4324/pt4325/data_all/books/A/Antennas%20for%20all%20Applications%20-%202nd%20Ed.pdf"><i>Antennas</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (2 ed.). Tata-McGraw Hill. pp. 549–560. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-035422-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-035422-7"><bdi>0-07-035422-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antennas&rft.pages=549-560&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Tata-McGraw+Hill&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-07-035422-7&rft.aulast=Kraus&rft.aufirst=John+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.125books.com%2Finc%2Fpt4321%2Fpt4322%2Fpt4323%2Fpt4324%2Fpt4325%2Fdata_all%2Fbooks%2FA%2FAntennas%2520for%2520all%2520Applications%2520-%25202nd%2520Ed.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACorner+reflector+antenna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraus194018-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraus194018_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKraus1940">Kraus 1940</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corner_reflector_antenna&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKraus1940" class="citation magazine cs1">Kraus, John D. (November 1940). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arrl.org/files/file/History/History%20of%20QST%20Volume%201%20-%20Technology/QS11-40-Kraus.pdf">"The square-corner reflector beam antenna for ultra high frequencies"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>QST</i>. USA: American Radio Relay League. p. 18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=QST&rft.atitle=The+square-corner+reflector+beam+antenna+for+ultra+high+frequencies&rft.pages=18&rft.date=1940-11&rft.aulast=Kraus&rft.aufirst=John+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arrl.org%2Ffiles%2Ffile%2FHistory%2FHistory%2520of%2520QST%2520Volume%25201%2520-%2520Technology%2FQS11-40-Kraus.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACorner+reflector+antenna" class="Z3988"></span> Technical article about the antenna by the inventor.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corner_reflector_antenna&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antenna-theory.com/antennas/reflectors/cornerReflector.php">Corner Reflector Antennas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freeantennas.com/projects/Ez-10/">Corner Reflector for WiFi</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Antenna_types" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Antenna_(radio)" title="Antenna (radio)">Antenna</a> types</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Isotropy" title="Isotropy">Isotropic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isotropic_radiator" title="Isotropic radiator">Isotropic radiator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Omnidirectional_antenna" title="Omnidirectional antenna">Omnidirectional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batwing_antenna" title="Batwing antenna">Batwing antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biconical_antenna" title="Biconical antenna">Biconical antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cage_aerial" title="Cage aerial">Cage aerial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coaxial_antenna" title="Coaxial antenna">Coaxial antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossed_field_antenna" title="Crossed field antenna">Crossed field antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dielectric_resonator_antenna" title="Dielectric resonator antenna">Dielectric resonator antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipole_antenna" title="Dipole antenna">Dipole antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discone_antenna" title="Discone antenna">Discone antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folded_unipole_antenna" title="Folded unipole antenna">Folded unipole antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Samuel_Franklin#High-efficiency_Medium-wave_Transmitting_Antenna" title="Charles Samuel Franklin">Franklin antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whip_antenna#Gain_and_radiation_resistance" title="Whip antenna">Ground-plane antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G5RV_antenna" title="G5RV antenna">G5RV antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halo_antenna" title="Halo antenna">Halo antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helical_antenna" title="Helical antenna">Helical antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverted-F_antenna" title="Inverted-F antenna">Inverted-F antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverted_vee_antenna" title="Inverted vee antenna">Inverted vee antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-pole_antenna" title="J-pole antenna">J-pole antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mast_radiator" title="Mast radiator">Mast radiator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monopole_antenna" title="Monopole antenna">Monopole antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Random_wire_antenna" title="Random wire antenna">Random wire antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber_ducky_antenna" title="Rubber ducky antenna">Rubber ducky antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloper_antenna" title="Sloper antenna">Sloper antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnstile_antenna" title="Turnstile antenna">Turnstile antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T2FD_antenna" title="T2FD antenna">T2FD antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-antenna" title="T-antenna">T-antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbrella_antenna" title="Umbrella antenna">Umbrella antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whip_antenna" title="Whip antenna">Whip antenna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Directional_antenna" title="Directional antenna">Directional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adcock_antenna" title="Adcock antenna">Adcock antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_vertical_incidence_skywave#The_AS-2259_Antenna" title="Near vertical incidence skywave">AS-2259 Antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWX_antenna" title="AWX antenna">AWX antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverage_antenna" title="Beverage antenna">Beverage antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantenna" title="Cantenna">Cantenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassegrain_antenna" title="Cassegrain antenna">Cassegrain antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choke_ring_antenna" title="Choke ring antenna">Choke ring antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collinear_antenna_array" title="Collinear antenna array">Collinear antenna array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conformal_antenna" title="Conformal antenna">Conformal antenna</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corner reflector antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtain_array" title="Curtain array">Curtain array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folded_inverted_conformal_antenna" title="Folded inverted conformal antenna">Folded inverted conformal antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fractal_antenna" title="Fractal antenna">Fractal antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gizmotchy" title="Gizmotchy">Gizmotchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helical_antenna" title="Helical antenna">Helical antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horn_antenna" title="Horn antenna">Horn antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log-periodic_antenna" title="Log-periodic antenna">Log-periodic antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loop_antenna" title="Loop antenna">Loop antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microstrip_antenna" title="Microstrip antenna">Microstrip antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moxon_antenna" title="Moxon antenna">Moxon antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offset_dish_antenna" title="Offset dish antenna">Offset dish antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patch_antenna" title="Patch antenna">Patch antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phased_array" title="Phased array">Phased array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planar_array" class="mw-redirect" title="Planar array">Planar array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabolic_antenna" title="Parabolic antenna">Parabolic antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_antenna" title="Plasma antenna">Plasma antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_antenna" title="Quad antenna">Quad antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflective_array_antenna" title="Reflective array antenna">Reflective array antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regenerative_loop_antenna" title="Regenerative loop antenna">Regenerative loop antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhombic_antenna" title="Rhombic antenna">Rhombic antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sector_antenna" title="Sector antenna">Sector antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_backfire_antenna" title="Short backfire antenna">Short backfire antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slot_antenna" title="Slot antenna">Slot antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterba_antenna" title="Sterba antenna">Sterba antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivaldi_antenna" title="Vivaldi antenna">Vivaldi antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WokFi" title="WokFi">WokFi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yagi%E2%80%93Uda_antenna" title="Yagi–Uda antenna">Yagi–Uda antenna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Application-specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALLISS" title="ALLISS">ALLISS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corner_reflector" title="Corner reflector">Corner reflector</a> (passive)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolved_antenna" title="Evolved antenna">Evolved antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_dipole" title="Ground dipole">Ground dipole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconfigurable_antenna" title="Reconfigurable antenna">Reconfigurable antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectenna" title="Rectenna">Rectenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reference_antenna" title="Reference antenna">Reference antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_antenna" title="Spiral antenna">Spiral antenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circularly_disposed_antenna_array" title="Circularly disposed antenna array">Circularly disposed antenna array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_antenna" title="Television antenna">Television antenna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Corner_reflector_antenna&oldid=1227940442">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Corner_reflector_antenna&oldid=1227940442</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_frequency_antenna_types" title="Category:Radio frequency antenna types">Radio frequency antenna types</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Antennas_(radio)" title="Category:Antennas (radio)">Antennas 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