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class="mw-page-title-main">Jonathan D. Spence</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3" title="جوناثان سبينس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوناثان سبينس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" title="Jonathan Spence – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jonathan Spence" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" title="Jonathan Spence – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jonathan Spence" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" title="Jonathan Spence – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jonathan Spence" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%84%88%EC%84%A0_%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="조너선 스펜스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조너선 스펜스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" title="Jonathan Spence – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jonathan Spence" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3" title="جوناثان سبينس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جوناثان سبينس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%8A%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" title="ジョナサン・スペンス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョナサン・スペンス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_D._Spence" title="Jonathan D. Spence – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jonathan D. Spence" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" title="Jonathan Spence – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jonathan Spence" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Spence" title="Jonathan Spence – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jonathan Spence" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" 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</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Spencer" title="Jonathan Spencer">Jonathan Spencer</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Jonathan D. Spence</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George">CMG</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1936-08-11</span>)</span>11 August 1936<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">25 December 2021<span style="display:none">(2021-12-25)</span> (aged 85)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/West_Haven,_Connecticut" title="West Haven, Connecticut">West Haven, Connecticut</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">British and American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clare_College,_Cambridge" title="Clare College, Cambridge">Clare College, Cambridge</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts_(Oxford,_Cambridge,_and_Dublin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)">MA</a>)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> (<a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Annping_Chin" title="Annping Chin">Annping Chin</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese history">Chinese history</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mary_C._Wright" title="Mary C. Wright">Mary C. Wright</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other academic advisors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fang_Chao-ying" title="Fang Chao-ying">Fang Chao-ying</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">房兆楹</span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral students</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Cochran" title="Sherman Cochran">Sherman Cochran</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-RAKapp2009_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RAKapp2009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Oxnam" title="Robert Oxnam">Robert Oxnam</a><sup id="cite_ref-RAKapp2009_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RAKapp2009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Kyle_Crossley" title="Pamela Kyle Crossley">Pamela Kyle Crossley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Pomeranz" title="Kenneth Pomeranz">Kenneth Pomeranz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joanna_Waley-Cohen" title="Joanna Waley-Cohen">Joanna Waley-Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_C._Elliott" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark C. Elliott">Mark C. Elliott</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECenter_on_U.S._China_Relations2022_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECenter_on_U.S._China_Relations2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac" title="File:Jonathan Spence BBC Radio4 The Reith Lectures 3 June 2008 b00bvz8s.flac"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Jonathan Spence's voice</div></a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="39" data-mwtitle="Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac/Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac/Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac" type="audio/flac" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description"><a href="/wiki/File:Jonathan_Spence_BBC_Radio4_The_Reith_Lectures_3_June_2008_b00bvz8s.flac" title="File:Jonathan Spence BBC Radio4 The Reith Lectures 3 June 2008 b00bvz8s.flac">Recorded June 2008</a> from the BBC Radio 4 programme the <i><a href="/wiki/Reith_Lectures" title="Reith Lectures">Reith Lectures</a></i></div></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">史景遷</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">史景迁</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Shǐ Jǐngqiān</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jonathan Dermot Spence</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George">CMG</a></span></span> (11 August 1936 – 25 December 2021) was a British-American <a href="/wiki/Historian" title="Historian">historian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinology" title="Sinology">sinologist</a>, and author specialised in <a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China">Chinese history</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Professor" title="Sterling Professor">Sterling Professor</a> of History at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> from 1993 to 2008. His most widely read book is <i><a href="/wiki/The_Search_for_Modern_China" title="The Search for Modern China">The Search for Modern China</a></i>, a survey of the last several hundred years of Chinese history based on his popular course at Yale. A prolific author, reviewer, and essayist, he published over a dozen books on China. Spence's major interest was modern China, especially the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>, and relations between China and the West.<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spence frequently used biographies to examine cultural and political history. Another common theme is the efforts of both Westerners and Chinese "to change China",<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and how such efforts were frustrated.<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spence was born on 11 August 1936 to Muriel (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span> Crailsham) and Dermot Spence in <a href="/wiki/Surrey,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Surrey, England">Surrey</a> in England. His mother was a French researcher while his father worked at an art gallery and a publishing house.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spence was educated at <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester College</a> until 1954. He then spent two years in the British Army and was deployed to Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He read history at <a href="/wiki/Clare_College,_Cambridge" title="Clare College, Cambridge">Clare College, Cambridge</a> and received his <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While at Cambridge he was the editor of the campus magazine and was also the co-editor of British literary magazine <a href="/wiki/Granta" title="Granta">Granta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He went to <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> on a Clare-<a href="/wiki/Andrew_W._Mellon_Foundation" title="Andrew W. Mellon Foundation">Mellon</a> Fellowship to study the history and culture of China, receiving an <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">MA</a> and then a PhD in 1965, when he won the <a href="/wiki/John_Addison_Porter" title="John Addison Porter">John Addison Porter</a> Prize. As part of his graduate training, he spent a year in Australia to study under <a href="/wiki/Fang_Chao-ying" title="Fang Chao-ying">Fang Chao-ying</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tu_Lien-che" title="Tu Lien-che">Tu Lien-che</a>, scholars of the Qing dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-AHABio_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHABio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_career">Academic career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Academic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spence taught a popular undergraduate course at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> on the history of modern China, which formed the basis for his book <i>The Search for Modern China</i> (1990).<sup id="cite_ref-NYT19900513_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT19900513-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He taught at Yale for more than 40 years. During this time he wrote many books on China that furthered the understanding of the country and its culture with Western audiences. Some of his books during this period included <i>The Search for Modern China</i> (1990), which was published on the back of the <a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Tiananmen Square massacre</a> in 1989, and <i>God's Chinese Son: The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Hong Xiuquan</i> (1996).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spence was president of the <a href="/wiki/American_Historical_Association" title="American Historical Association">American Historical Association</a> between 2004 and 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-AHABio_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHABio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While his primary focus was on <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty China</a>, he also wrote a biography of <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gate_of_Heavenly_Peace_(book)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Gate of Heavenly Peace (book) (page does not exist)">The Gate of Heavenly Peace</a></i>, a study of twentieth-century intellectuals and their relation to revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He retired from Yale in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-AP-Obit_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-Obit-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His book <i>The Search for Modern China</i> was a <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times_Best_Seller" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times Best Seller"><i>New York Times</i> best seller</a> and documented the evolution of China starting from the decline of the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> in the early 1600s to the pro-democracy movement of 1989, while his book <i>Treason by the Book</i> (2001) documented the story of a scholar who took on the third <a href="/wiki/Manchu_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchu Emperor">Manchu Emperor</a> in the 1700s.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honors">Honors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spence received eight honorary degrees in the United States as well as from the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_University_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chinese University of Hong Kong">Chinese University of Hong Kong</a>, and (in 2003) from <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a>. He was invited to become a visiting professor at <a href="/wiki/Peking_University" title="Peking University">Peking University</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an honorary professor at <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_University" title="Nanjing University">Nanjing University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AHABio_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHABio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was named Companion of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" title="Order of St Michael and St George">Order of St Michael and St George</a> in 2001,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2006, he was elected an Honorary Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He received the William C. DeVane Medal of the Yale Chapter of <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa" title="Phi Beta Kappa">Phi Beta Kappa</a> (1952); a <a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellowship</a> (1979); the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a> History Prize (1982), and the Vursel Prize of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_and_Institute_of_Arts_and_Letters" class="mw-redirect" title="American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters">American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters</a> (1983). He was elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> (1985), named a <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellow" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellow">MacArthur Fellow</a> (1988), appointed to the Council of Scholars of the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> (1988), elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> (1993), and named a corresponding fellow of the <a href="/wiki/British_Academy" title="British Academy">British Academy</a> (1997).<sup id="cite_ref-AHABio_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHABio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May and June 2008, he gave the 60th anniversary <a href="/wiki/Reith_Lectures" title="Reith Lectures">Reith Lectures</a>, which were broadcast on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, Spence was appointed to deliver the annual <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Lecture" title="Jefferson Lecture">Jefferson Lecture</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, the US federal government's highest honour for achievement in the <a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spence's name in Chinese, <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">史景遷</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i>Shǐ Jǐngqiān</i>), was given to him by <a href="/wiki/Fang_Chao-ying" title="Fang Chao-ying">Fang Chao-ying</a> to reflect his love of history and admiration for the Han dynasty historian <a href="/wiki/Sima_Qian" title="Sima Qian">Sima Qian</a>. He chose the <a href="/wiki/Sh%C7%90_(surname)" title="Shǐ (surname)">surname 史</a> (<i>Shǐ</i>; literally "history") and personal name <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">景遷</span></span> (<i>Jǐngqiān</i>), where <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">景</span></span> (<i>jǐng</i>) means admire (as in <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E4%BB%B0" class="extiw" title="wikt:景仰">景仰</a></span></span>) and <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">遷</span></span> (<i>qiān</i>) was taken from the personal name of Sima Qian (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">司馬遷</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WSJ-Obit_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-Obit-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spence became a U.S. citizen in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-NEH_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEH-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spence's wife <a href="/wiki/Annping_Chin" title="Annping Chin">Annping Chin</a> was a senior lecturer in history at Yale with a PhD in Chinese thought from <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AP-Obit_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-Obit-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had two sons from a previous marriage (1962–1993) to Helen Alexander, Colin and Ian Spence, two stepchildren, Yar Woo and <a href="/wiki/Mei_Chin" title="Mei Chin">Mei Chin</a>, a grandchild as well as two step-grandchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WSJ-Obit_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-Obit-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spence died from complications of Parkinson's disease on 25 December 2021, at the age of 85 at his residence in <a href="/wiki/West_Haven,_Connecticut" title="West Haven, Connecticut">West Haven, Connecticut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AP-Obit_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-Obit-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WSJ-Obit_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-Obit-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tsoyinknghsi00spen">Tsʻao Yin and the Kʻang-hsi Emperor: bondservant and master</a></i> (New Haven: Yale, 1966)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>To Change China: Western Advisers in China, 1620–1960</i> (Boston: Little Brown, 1969).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Emperor of China: Self-Portrait of K'ang-Hsi</i> (New York: Knopf, 1974)<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Death of Woman Wang</i> (New York: Penguin, 1978). Story situated in <a href="/wiki/Tancheng_County" title="Tancheng County">17th century Tancheng</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/014005121X" title="Special:BookSources/014005121X">014005121X</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Gate of Heavenly Peace: The Chinese and Their Revolution 1895–1980</i> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci</i> (New York: Penguin, 1984)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Question of Hu</i> (New York: Knopf, 1987) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-57190-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-57190-4">978-0-394-57190-4</a>). Biography of John Hu 胡若望, 18th-century Chinese who went to France with <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Foucquet" title="Jean-François Foucquet">Jean-François Foucquet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Search_for_Modern_China" title="The Search for Modern China">The Search for Modern China</a></i> (1990; 2nd edition, 1999; 3rd edition 2013)<sup id="cite_ref-NYT19900513_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT19900513-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Chinese Roundabout: Essays on History and Culture</i> (New York: Norton, 1992)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>God's Chinese Son</i> (New York: Norton, 1996) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-03844-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-03844-6">978-0-393-03844-6</a>. Biography of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Xiuquan" title="Hong Xiuquan">Hong Xiuquan</a>, leader of <a href="/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion" title="Taiping Rebellion">Taiping Rebellion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>(with <a href="/wiki/Annping_Chin" title="Annping Chin">Annping Chin</a>): <i>Chinese Century: A Photographic History of the Last Hundred Years</i> (Random House, 1996)</li> <li><i>The Chan's Great Continent: China in Western Minds</i> (New York: Norton, 1998)<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/maozedong00spen"><i>Mao Zedong</i></a></span>. Penguin Lives. New York: <a href="/wiki/Viking_Press" title="Viking Press">Viking Press</a>. 1999. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-88669-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-88669-2"><bdi>978-0-670-88669-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/41641238">41641238</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mao+Zedong&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=Penguin+Lives&rft.pub=Viking+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F41641238&rft.isbn=978-0-670-88669-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmaozedong00spen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_F._Burns2000" class="citation news cs1">John F. Burns (6 February 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/books/00/02/06/reviews/000206.06burnst.html">"Methods of the Great Leader"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Methods+of+the+Great+Leader&rft.date=2000-02-06&rft.au=John+F.+Burns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F00%2F02%2F06%2Freviews%2F000206.06burnst.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Treason_by_the_Book" title="Treason by the Book">Treason by the Book</a></i> (2001) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-102779-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-102779-7">0-14-102779-7</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Return to Dragon Mountain: Memories of a Late Ming Man</i> (2007) Viking, 332 pages. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-06357-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-06357-4">978-0-670-06357-4</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_reviews">Book reviews</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Book reviews"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"The Dream of Catholic China" <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i> 54/11 (28 June 2007) : 22–24 [reviews Liam Matthew Brockey, <i>Journey to the East: the Jesuit Mission to China, 1579–1724</i>]<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jonathan D. Spence, <i>Ts'ao Yin and the K'ang-Hsi Emperor: Bondservant and Master</i>(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966), p. xv. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rXiSxh1oGe0C&q=Fang+Chao-ying">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RAKapp2009-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RAKapp2009_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RAKapp2009_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapp2009" class="citation web cs1">Kapp, Robert A. (1 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220819195932/http://thechinabeat.org/">"History, Generations, and China Stories"</a>. <i>The China Beat Blog Archive 2008-2012</i>. DigitalCommons @ University of Nebraska – Lincoln. Archived from the original on 19 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>. <q>Happily, several of Spence's Ph.D. students decided to throw their efforts into a conference and celebration in his honor, on the Yale Campus, in early May.... Four attendees in particular – Robert Oxnam, Roger DesForges, Sherman Cochran, and I – represented the original tranche of doctoral candidates who finished their degrees under Jonathan's benign and helpful guidance...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+China+Beat+Blog+Archive+2008-2012&rft.atitle=History%2C+Generations%2C+and+China+Stories&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.aulast=Kapp&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thechinabeat.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECenter_on_U.S._China_Relations2022-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECenter_on_U.S._China_Relations2022_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCenter_on_U.S._China_Relations2022">Center_on_U.S._China_Relations (2022)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roberts-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberts, Priscilla "Spence, Jonathan D." pages 1136–1137 from <i>The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing</i> edited by Kelly Boyd, Volume 2, London:Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1999 page 1136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jonathan D. Spence <i>To Change China; Western Advisers in China, 1620–1960</i>. Boston: Little Brown, 1969</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenzlinger2021" class="citation news cs1">Genzlinger, Neil (27 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/27/books/jonathan-spence-dead.html">"Jonathan Spence, Noted China Scholar, Dies at 85"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jonathan+Spence%2C+Noted+China+Scholar%2C+Dies+at+85&rft.date=2021-12-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Genzlinger&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F12%2F27%2Fbooks%2Fjonathan-spence-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AHABio-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AHABio_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHABio_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHABio_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHABio_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Frederic E. Wakeman Jr., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historians.org/info/AHA_History/spencebio.cfm">Jonathan D. Spence</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060401201934/http://www.historians.org/info/AHA_History/spencebio.cfm">Archived</a> 1 April 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at <a href="/wiki/American_Historical_Association" title="American Historical Association">American Historical Association</a> website (retrieved 10 March 2010).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT19900513-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT19900513_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT19900513_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwarczBruckner1990" class="citation news cs1">Schwarcz, Vera; Bruckner, D.J.R. (13 May 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/98/12/06/specials/spence-search.html">"CHINA: THE HARD ROAD TO NOW"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=CHINA%3A+THE+HARD+ROAD+TO+NOW&rft.date=1990-05-13&rft.aulast=Schwarcz&rft.aufirst=Vera&rft.au=Bruckner%2C+D.J.R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F12%2F06%2Fspecials%2Fspence-search.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence1999" class="citation book cs1">Spence, Jonathan D. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z2FwAAAAMAAJ"><i>Mao Zedong</i></a>. Viking. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-88669-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-88669-2"><bdi>978-0-670-88669-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mao+Zedong&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-670-88669-2&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz2FwAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLattimore1981" class="citation web cs1">Lattimore, David (18 October 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/98/12/06/specials/spence-peace.html">"The Long Revolution"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Spence, popular China scholar, dead at age 85"</a>. <i>AP NEWS</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Peking University. 29 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=newsen.pku.edu.cn&rft.atitle=Remembering+Jonathan+D.+Spence&rft.date=2021-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsen.pku.edu.cn%2Fnews_events%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2F12176.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yale.edu/2001/06/20/queens-birthday-honors-list-distinguishes-yale-professor-jonathan-spence">"Queen's Birthday Honors List Distinguishes Yale Professor Jonathan Spence"</a>. <i>YaleNews</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>. <q>史景遷的博士論文指導教授、中國史專家房兆楹為他取的中文名字「史景遷」，寓意「學史者當景仰司馬遷」。</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E6%97%B6%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E7%BD%91+China+Times&rft.atitle=%E7%BE%8E%E7%9D%80%E5%90%8D%E6%B1%89%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E5%8F%B2%E6%99%AF%E8%BF%81%E9%80%9D%E4%B8%96+%E4%BA%AB%E5%AF%BF85%E5%B2%81+-+%E4%B8%A4%E5%B2%B8%E8%A6%81%E9%97%BB&rft.date=2021-12-28&rft.au=%E8%97%8D%E5%AD%9D%E5%A8%81&rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E6%AC%A3%E6%81%AC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinatimes.com%2Fcn%2Fnewspapers%2F20211228000393-260102%3Fchdtv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NEH-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NEH_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/David_Skinner_(journalist)" title="David Skinner (journalist)">Skinner, David</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neh.gov/about/awards/jefferson-lecture/jonathan-spence-biography">Jonathan Spence Biography</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>. Retrieved 14 September 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.yale.edu/people/annping-chin">"Annping Chin, Senior Lecturer Emeritus"</a>. <i>history.yale.edu</i>. Department of History, Yale University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.yale.edu&rft.atitle=Annping+Chin%2C+Senior+Lecturer+Emeritus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.yale.edu%2Fpeople%2Fannping-chin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTObit-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenzlinger2021" class="citation news cs1">Genzlinger, Neil (27 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/27/books/jonathan-spence-dead.html">"Jonathan Spence, Noted China Scholar, Dies at 85"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jonathan+Spence%2C+Noted+China+Scholar%2C+Dies+at+85&rft.date=2021-12-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Genzlinger&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F12%2F27%2Fbooks%2Fjonathan-spence-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence1988" class="citation book cs1">Spence, Jonathan D. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rXiSxh1oGe0C"><i>Tsʻao Yin and the Kʻang-hsi Emperor: Bondservant and Master – Jonathan D. Spence – Google Boeken</i></a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-04277-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-04277-1"><bdi>978-0-300-04277-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ts%CA%BBao+Yin+and+the+K%CA%BBang-hsi+Emperor%3A+Bondservant+and+Master+%E2%80%93+Jonathan+D.+Spence+%E2%80%93+Google+Boeken&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-300-04277-1&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrXiSxh1oGe0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodrich1970" class="citation journal cs1">Goodrich, L. Carrington (January 1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/china-quarterly/article/abs/to-change-china-western-advisers-in-china-16201960-by-spence-jonathan-boston-little-brown-co-1969-335-pp-795/D2A74C07E69FCF573723759EEFB2DFB5">"To Change China: Western advisers in China 1620–1960. By Spence Jonathan. [Boston: Little Brown & Co., 1969. 335 pp. $7.95.]"</a>. <i>The China Quarterly</i>. <b>41</b>: <span class="nowrap">146–</span>148. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0305741000034834">10.1017/S0305741000034834</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1468-2648">1468-2648</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153767635">153767635</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+China+Quarterly&rft.atitle=To+Change+China%3A+Western+advisers+in+China+1620%E2%80%931960.+By+Spence+Jonathan.+%5BBoston%3A+Little+Brown+%26+Co.%2C+1969.+335+pp.+%247.95.%5D&rft.volume=41&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E146-%3C%2Fspan%3E148&rft.date=1970-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153767635%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1468-2648&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0305741000034834&rft.aulast=Goodrich&rft.aufirst=L.+Carrington&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fchina-quarterly%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fto-change-china-western-advisers-in-china-16201960-by-spence-jonathan-boston-little-brown-co-1969-335-pp-795%2FD2A74C07E69FCF573723759EEFB2DFB5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence2012" class="citation book cs1">Spence, Jonathan D. (25 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hCyU7zwpOfIC"><i>Emperor of China: Self-Portrait of K'ang-Hsi – Jonathan D. Spence – Google Boeken</i></a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-82306-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-82306-9"><bdi>978-0-307-82306-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emperor+of+China%3A+Self-Portrait+of+K%27ang-Hsi+%E2%80%93+Jonathan+D.+Spence+%E2%80%93+Google+Boeken&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing&rft.date=2012-07-25&rft.isbn=978-0-307-82306-9&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhCyU7zwpOfIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence1979" class="citation book cs1">Spence, Jonathan D. (1979). <i>The Death of Woman Wang</i>. New York: Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/014005121X" title="Special:BookSources/014005121X"><bdi>014005121X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Death+of+Woman+Wang&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=014005121X&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPye1982" class="citation journal cs1">Pye, Lucian W. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/china-quarterly/article/abs/gate-of-heavenly-peace-the-chinese-and-their-revolution-18951980-by-jonathan-d-spence-new-york-the-viking-press1981-465-pp-1995-london-faber-1982-1150/6FC50901D74AE927DE4A3C0EF601B717">"The Gate of Heavenly Peace: The Chinese and their Revolution, 1895–1980. By Jonathan D. Spence. [New York: The Viking Press1981. 465 pp. $19.95; London: Faber, 1982. £11·50.]"</a>. <i>The China Quarterly</i>. <b>90</b>: <span class="nowrap">302–</span>304. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0305741000000382">10.1017/S0305741000000382</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154391752">154391752</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+China+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Gate+of+Heavenly+Peace%3A+The+Chinese+and+their+Revolution%2C+1895%E2%80%931980.+By+Jonathan+D.+Spence.+%26%2391%3BNew+York%3A+The+Viking+Press1981.+465+pp.+%2419.95%3B+London%3A+Faber%2C+1982.+%C2%A311%C2%B750.%26%2393%3B&rft.volume=90&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E302-%3C%2Fspan%3E304&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0305741000000382&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154391752%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Pye&rft.aufirst=Lucian+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fchina-quarterly%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fgate-of-heavenly-peace-the-chinese-and-their-revolution-18951980-by-jonathan-d-spence-new-york-the-viking-press1981-465-pp-1995-london-faber-1982-1150%2F6FC50901D74AE927DE4A3C0EF601B717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson1984" class="citation news cs1">Robinson, Paul (25 November 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/98/12/06/specials/spence-ricci.html">"Ming Mnemonics"</a>. <i>Book Review Desk</i>. The New York Times<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Book+Review+Desk&rft.atitle=Ming+Mnemonics&rft.date=1984-11-25&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F12%2F06%2Fspecials%2Fspence-ricci.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-11-20-bk-420-story.html">"The Faith Yes, Europe No : THE QUESTION OF HU by Jonathan D. Spence (Alfred A. Knopf: $18.95;187 pp.; 0-394-57190-8)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. 20 November 1988.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Faith+Yes%2C+Europe+No+%3A+THE+QUESTION+OF+HU+by+Jonathan+D.+Spence+%28Alfred+A.+Knopf%3A+%2418.95%3B187+pp.%3B+0-394-57190-8%29&rft.date=1988-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1988-11-20-bk-420-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence2013" class="citation book cs1">Spence, Jonathan D. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wiley.com/en-au/The+Search+for+Modern+China%2C+3rd+Edition-p-9780393934519"><i>The Search for Modern China</i></a> (Third ed.). New York: Wiley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-93451-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-93451-9"><bdi>978-0-393-93451-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Search+for+Modern+China&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-393-93451-9&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiley.com%2Fen-au%2FThe%2BSearch%2Bfor%2BModern%2BChina%252C%2B3rd%2BEdition-p-9780393934519&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee1994" class="citation journal cs1">Lee, Lily Xiao Hong (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/397578/summary">"<i>Chinese Roundabout: Essays in History and Culture</i> (Review)"</a>. <i>China Review International</i>. <b>1</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">262–</span>266. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fcri.1994.0071">10.1353/cri.1994.0071</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144067305">144067305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Review+International&rft.atitle=Chinese+Roundabout%3A+Essays+in+History+and+Culture+%28Review%29&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E262-%3C%2Fspan%3E266&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fcri.1994.0071&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144067305%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Lily+Xiao+Hong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Farticle%2F397578%2Fsummary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWu1997" class="citation journal cs1">Wu, Qingyun (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20719667">"Reviewed work: God's Chinese Son: The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Hong Xiuquan, Jonathan D. Spence"</a>. <i>Utopian Studies</i>. <b>8</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">234–</span>236. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20719667">20719667</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Utopian+Studies&rft.atitle=Reviewed+work%3A+God%27s+Chinese+Son%3A+The+Taiping+Heavenly+Kingdom+of+Hong+Xiuquan%2C+Jonathan+D.+Spence&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E234-%3C%2Fspan%3E236&rft.date=1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20719667%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Qingyun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20719667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-393-02747-1">"Nonfiction Book Review: The Chan's Great Continent: China in Western Minds by Jonathan D. Spence, Author W. W. Norton & Company $27.5 (279p) ISBN 978-0-393-02747-1"</a>. September 1998.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nonfiction+Book+Review%3A+The+Chan%27s+Great+Continent%3A+China+in+Western+Minds+by+Jonathan+D.+Spence%2C+Author+W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company+%2427.5+%28279p%29+ISBN+978-0-393-02747-1&rft.date=1998-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publishersweekly.com%2F978-0-393-02747-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPyemay/June_20002009" class="citation magazine cs1">Pyemay/June 2000, Lucian W. (28 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/capsule-review/2000-05-01/mao-life-mao-zedong">"Mao: A Life; Mao Zedong"</a>. <i>Foreign Affairs</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Mao%3A+A+Life%3B+Mao+Zedong&rft.date=2009-01-28&rft.aulast=Pyemay%2FJune+2000&rft.aufirst=Lucian+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreignaffairs.com%2Freviews%2Fcapsule-review%2F2000-05-01%2Fmao-life-mao-zedong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_magazine" title="Template:Cite magazine">cite magazine</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence2006" class="citation book cs1">Spence, Jonathan D. (2006). <i>Treason by the Book</i>. London: Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-102779-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-102779-7"><bdi>0-14-102779-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Treason+by+the+Book&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-14-102779-7&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein2001" class="citation news cs1">Bernstein, Richard (9 March 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/09/books/books-of-the-times-envy-imperialism-and-intrigue-in-18th-century-china.html">"BOOKS OF THE TIMES; Envy, Imperialism and Intrigue in 18th-Century China"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=BOOKS+OF+THE+TIMES%3B+Envy%2C+Imperialism+and+Intrigue+in+18th-Century+China&rft.date=2001-03-09&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F03%2F09%2Fbooks%2Fbooks-of-the-times-envy-imperialism-and-intrigue-in-18th-century-china.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Spence, Jonathan D. (28 June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2007/06/28/the-dream-of-catholic-china/">"The Dream of Catholic China"</a>. <i>The New York Review of Books</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=The+Dream+of+Catholic+China&rft.date=2007-06-28&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2007%2F06%2F28%2Fthe-dream-of-catholic-china%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCenter_on_U.S._China_Relations2022" class="citation web cs1">Center on U.S. China Relations (2 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chinafile.com/conversation/remembering-jonathan-spence">"Remembering Jonathan Spence"</a>. <i>China File</i>. Asia Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=China+File&rft.atitle=Remembering+Jonathan+Spence&rft.date=2022-03-02&rft.au=Center+on+U.S.+China+Relations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinafile.com%2Fconversation%2Fremembering-jonathan-spence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">Lu, Hanchao (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://121.17.126.74/data1/ts01/english/novel/batch001/201005112059351417.pdf">"The Art of History: A Conversation with Jonathan Spence"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Chinese Historical Review</i>. <b>11</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">133–</span>154. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1547402X.2004.11827201">10.1080/1547402X.2004.11827201</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:151855607">151855607</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chinese+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=The+Art+of+History%3A+A+Conversation+with+Jonathan+Spence&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E133-%3C%2Fspan%3E154&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F1547402X.2004.11827201&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A151855607%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Hanchao&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2F121.17.126.74%2Fdata1%2Fts01%2Fenglish%2Fnovel%2Fbatch001%2F201005112059351417.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJonathan+D.+Spence" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li>Bruce Mazlish, "The Question of the Question of Hu", <i>History and Theory</i> 11 (1992): 141–152</li> <li>Mirsky, Jonathan. Review of <i>Chinese Roundabout</i> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>, Volume 39, Issue No. 17 (5 November 1992): 51–55.</li> <li>Nathan, Andrew J. "A Culture of Cruelty: Review of <i>The Search for Modern China</i>" pages 30–34 from <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a></i>, Volume 203 (30 July 1990): 50–54.</li> <li>Roberts, Priscilla. "Spence, Jonathan D.", <i>The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing</i> edited by Kelly Boyd, Volume 2, (London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-33-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-33-6">978-1-884964-33-6</a>): 1136–1137.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_D._Spence&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/authors/1633">Spence archive</a> from <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?53238">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_Historical_Association_presidents" title="Template:American Historical Association presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:American_Historical_Association_presidents" title="Template talk:American Historical Association presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_Historical_Association_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American Historical Association presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_American_Historical_Association122" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Presidents of the <a href="/wiki/American_Historical_Association" title="American Historical Association">American Historical Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1884–1900</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dickson_White" title="Andrew Dickson White">Andrew Dickson White</a> (1884–1885)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Bancroft" title="George Bancroft">George Bancroft</a> (1886)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Winsor" title="Justin Winsor">Justin Winsor</a> (1887)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Frederick_Poole" title="William Frederick Poole">William Frederick Poole</a> (1888)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kendall_Adams" title="Charles Kendall Adams">Charles Kendall Adams</a> (1889)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Jay_(lawyer)" title="John Jay (lawyer)">John Jay</a> (1890)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Wirt_Henry" title="William Wirt Henry">William Wirt Henry</a> (1891)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Burrill_Angell" title="James Burrill Angell">James Burrill Angell</a> (1892–1893)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams" title="Henry Adams">Henry Adams</a> (1893–1894)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_F._Hoar" title="George F. Hoar">George F. Hoar</a> (1895)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Salter_Storrs" title="Richard Salter Storrs">Richard Salter Storrs</a> (1896)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Schouler" title="James Schouler">James Schouler</a> (1897)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Park_Fisher" title="George Park Fisher">George Park Fisher</a> (1898)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Ford_Rhodes" title="James Ford Rhodes">James Ford Rhodes</a> (1899)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Eggleston" title="Edward Eggleston">Edward Eggleston</a> (1900)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Adams_Jr." title="Charles Francis Adams Jr.">Charles Francis Adams Jr.</a> (1901)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Thayer_Mahan" title="Alfred Thayer Mahan">Alfred Thayer Mahan</a> (1902)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Charles_Lea" title="Henry Charles Lea">Henry Charles Lea</a> (1903)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Goldwin_Smith" title="Goldwin Smith">Goldwin Smith</a> (1904)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Bach_McMaster" title="John Bach McMaster">John Bach McMaster</a> (1905)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simeon_E._Baldwin" title="Simeon E. Baldwin">Simeon E. Baldwin</a> (1906)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._Franklin_Jameson" title="J. Franklin Jameson">J. Franklin Jameson</a> (1907)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Burton_Adams" title="George Burton Adams">George Burton Adams</a> (1908)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bushnell_Hart" title="Albert Bushnell Hart">Albert Bushnell Hart</a> (1909)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Jackson_Turner" title="Frederick Jackson Turner">Frederick Jackson Turner</a> (1910)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Milligan_Sloane" title="William Milligan Sloane">William Milligan Sloane</a> (1911)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> (1912)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Archibald_Dunning" title="William Archibald Dunning">William Archibald Dunning</a> (1913)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_C._McLaughlin" title="Andrew C. McLaughlin">Andrew C. McLaughlin</a> (1914)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/H._Morse_Stephens" title="H. Morse Stephens">H. Morse Stephens</a> (1915)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lincoln_Burr" title="George Lincoln Burr">George Lincoln Burr</a> (1916)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Worthington_C._Ford" title="Worthington C. Ford">Worthington C. Ford</a> (1917)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Roscoe_Thayer" title="William Roscoe Thayer">William Roscoe Thayer</a> (1918–1919)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Channing" title="Edward Channing">Edward Channing</a> (1920)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jules_Jusserand" title="Jean Jules Jusserand">Jean Jules Jusserand</a> (1921)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Homer_Haskins" title="Charles Homer Haskins">Charles Homer Haskins</a> (1922)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Potts_Cheyney" title="Edward Potts Cheyney">Edward Potts Cheyney</a> (1923)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> (1924)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_McLean_Andrews" title="Charles McLean Andrews">Charles McLean Andrews</a> (1924–1925)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dana_Carleton_Munro" title="Dana Carleton Munro">Dana Carleton Munro</a> (1926)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Osborn_Taylor" title="Henry Osborn Taylor">Henry Osborn Taylor</a> (1927)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Henry_Breasted" title="James Henry Breasted">James Henry Breasted</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Harvey_Robinson" title="James Harvey Robinson">James Harvey Robinson</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evarts_Boutell_Greene" title="Evarts Boutell Greene">Evarts Boutell Greene</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_L._Becker" title="Carl L. Becker">Carl L. Becker</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Eugene_Bolton" title="Herbert Eugene Bolton">Herbert Eugene Bolton</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Beard" title="Charles A. Beard">Charles A. Beard</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Dodd_(ambassador)" title="William Dodd (ambassador)">William Dodd</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Rostovtzeff" title="Michael Rostovtzeff">Michael Rostovtzeff</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Howard_McIlwain" title="Charles Howard McIlwain">Charles Howard McIlwain</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guy_Stanton_Ford" title="Guy Stanton Ford">Guy Stanton Ford</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_M._Larson" title="Laurence M. Larson">Laurence M. Larson</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Scott_Ferguson" title="William Scott Ferguson">William Scott Ferguson</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Max_Farrand" title="Max Farrand">Max Farrand</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Westfall_Thompson" title="James Westfall Thompson">James Westfall Thompson</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Schlesinger_Sr." title="Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr.">Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr.</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Neilson" title="Nellie Neilson">Nellie Neilson</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Linn_Westermann" title="William Linn Westermann">William Linn Westermann</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlton_J._H._Hayes" title="Carlton J. H. Hayes">Carlton J. H. Hayes</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Bradshaw_Fay" title="Sidney Bradshaw Fay">Sidney Bradshaw Fay</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Wertenbaker" title="Thomas J. Wertenbaker">Thomas J. Wertenbaker</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Scott_Latourette" title="Kenneth Scott Latourette">Kenneth Scott Latourette</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Conyers_Read" title="Conyers Read">Conyers Read</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Eliot_Morison" title="Samuel Eliot Morison">Samuel Eliot Morison</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Livingston_Schuyler" title="Robert Livingston Schuyler">Robert Livingston Schuyler</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_G._Randall" title="James G. Randall">James G. Randall</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_R._Gottschalk" title="Louis R. Gottschalk">Louis R. Gottschalk</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Merle_Curti" title="Merle Curti">Merle Curti</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Thorndike" title="Lynn Thorndike">Lynn Thorndike</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dexter_Perkins" title="Dexter Perkins">Dexter Perkins</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_L._Langer" title="William L. Langer">William L. Langer</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Prescott_Webb" title="Walter Prescott Webb">Walter Prescott Webb</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allan_Nevins" title="Allan Nevins">Allan Nevins</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernadotte_Everly_Schmitt" title="Bernadotte Everly Schmitt">Bernadotte Everly Schmitt</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Flagg_Bemis" title="Samuel Flagg Bemis">Samuel Flagg Bemis</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Bridenbaugh" title="Carl Bridenbaugh">Carl Bridenbaugh</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crane_Brinton" title="Crane Brinton">Crane Brinton</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_P._Boyd" title="Julian P. Boyd">Julian P. Boyd</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_C._Lane" title="Frederic C. Lane">Frederic C. Lane</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Franklin_Nichols" title="Roy Franklin Nichols">Roy Franklin Nichols</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hajo_Holborn" title="Hajo Holborn">Hajo Holborn</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_King_Fairbank" title="John King Fairbank">John King Fairbank</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/C._Vann_Woodward" title="C. Vann Woodward">C. Vann Woodward</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Roswell_Palmer" title="Robert Roswell Palmer">Robert Roswell Palmer</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_M._Potter" title="David M. Potter">David M. Potter</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Strayer" title="Joseph Strayer">Joseph Strayer</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Cochran_(historian)" title="Thomas C. Cochran (historian)">Thomas C. Cochran</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Townsend_White_Jr." title="Lynn Townsend White Jr.">Lynn Townsend White Jr.</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Hanke" title="Lewis Hanke">Lewis Hanke</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Wright_(historian)" title="Gordon Wright (historian)">Gordon Wright</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Morris" title="Richard B. Morris">Richard B. Morris</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson_(historian)" title="Charles Gibson (historian)">Charles Gibson</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Bouwsma" title="William J. Bouwsma">William J. Bouwsma</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Hope_Franklin" title="John Hope Franklin">John Hope Franklin</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_H._Pinkney" title="David H. Pinkney">David H. Pinkney</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bailyn" title="Bernard Bailyn">Bernard Bailyn</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_A._Craig" title="Gordon A. Craig">Gordon A. Craig</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_D._Curtin" title="Philip D. Curtin">Philip D. Curtin</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_S._Link" title="Arthur S. Link">Arthur S. Link</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_H._McNeill" title="William H. McNeill">William H. McNeill</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_N._Degler" title="Carl N. Degler">Carl N. Degler</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Zemon_Davis" title="Natalie Zemon Davis">Natalie Zemon Davis</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Akira_Iriye" title="Akira Iriye">Akira Iriye</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_R._Harlan" title="Louis R. Harlan">Louis R. Harlan</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Herlihy" title="David Herlihy">David Herlihy</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Leuchtenburg" title="William Leuchtenburg">William Leuchtenburg</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Wakeman" title="Frederic Wakeman">Frederic Wakeman</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louise_A._Tilly" title="Louise A. Tilly">Louise A. Tilly</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Holt" title="Thomas C. Holt">Thomas C. Holt</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Coatsworth" title="John Henry Coatsworth">John Henry Coatsworth</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Walker_Bynum" title="Caroline Walker Bynum">Caroline Walker Bynum</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Appleby" title="Joyce Appleby">Joyce Appleby</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._Miller" title="Joseph C. Miller">Joseph C. Miller</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Darnton" title="Robert Darnton">Robert Darnton</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Foner" title="Eric Foner">Eric Foner</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wm._Roger_Louis" title="Wm. Roger Louis">Wm. Roger Louis</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Hunt" title="Lynn Hunt">Lynn Hunt</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_M._McPherson" title="James M. McPherson">James M. McPherson</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jonathan D. Spence</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_J._Sheehan" title="James J. Sheehan">James J. Sheehan</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Linda_K._Kerber" title="Linda K. Kerber">Linda K. Kerber</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Weinstein_(historian)" title="Barbara Weinstein (historian)">Barbara Weinstein</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_M._Spiegel" title="Gabrielle M. Spiegel">Gabrielle M. Spiegel</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Thatcher_Ulrich" title="Laurel Thatcher Ulrich">Laurel Thatcher Ulrich</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_D._Metcalf" title="Barbara D. Metcalf">Barbara D. Metcalf</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Grafton" title="Anthony Grafton">Anthony Grafton</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Cronon" title="William Cronon">William Cronon</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Pomeranz" title="Kenneth Pomeranz">Kenneth Pomeranz</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jan_E._Goldstein" title="Jan E. Goldstein">Jan E. Goldstein</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vicki_L._Ruiz" title="Vicki L. Ruiz">Vicki L. Ruiz</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Manning_(historian)" title="Patrick Manning (historian)">Patrick Manning</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tyler_E._Stovall" title="Tyler E. Stovall">Tyler E. Stovall</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Beth_Norton" title="Mary Beth Norton">Mary Beth Norton</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._R._McNeill" title="J. R. McNeill">J. R. McNeill</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lindemann" title="Mary Lindemann">Mary Lindemann</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Jones" title="Jacqueline Jones">Jacqueline Jones</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_H._Sweet" title="James H. Sweet">James H. Sweet</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wallace_Muir_Jr." title="Edward Wallace Muir Jr.">Edward Muir</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Thavolia_Glymph" title="Thavolia Glymph">Thavolia Glymph</a></i> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110202640">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/4936805">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/28126/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJfcJxbxD3MRgypKYv78md">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122789962">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Spence, Jonathan D."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78086019">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11925322m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11925322m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00457274">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Spence, Jonathan D."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV013195">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36062727">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990008101&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX822716">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068311583">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90350032">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000101236&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000470000&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199626065">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/tr58dbkc4hwbn7l">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810630094205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/110093">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007268357505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058522026806706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14691456">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01026928?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Jonathan Spence"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/f05150f3-3342-4446-8bc1-fb2f0d8b7ed4">MusicBrainz</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/122789962.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/122789962">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027145964">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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