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ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Margolaritza" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Hasi saioa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresna pertsonalak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu"><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Margolaritza" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Sortu kontua</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Margolaritza" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Margolaritza_eta_teknika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Margolaritza_eta_teknika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Margolaritza eta teknika</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Margolaritza_eta_teknika-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Margolaritza eta teknika azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Margolaritza_eta_teknika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Materialak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materialak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Materialak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materialak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknikak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknikak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Teknikak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teknikak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Margolanen_salmenta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Margolanen_salmenta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Margolanen salmenta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Margolanen_salmenta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Margolari_ospetsuak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Margolari_ospetsuak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Margolari ospetsuak</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Margolari_ospetsuak-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Margolari ospetsuak azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Margolari_ospetsuak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pizkundekoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pizkundekoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Pizkundekoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pizkundekoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barrokoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barrokoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Barrokoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barrokoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erromantikoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erromantikoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Erromantikoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erromantikoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modernoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modernoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Modernoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modernoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Euskal_Herriko_margolariak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Euskal_Herriko_margolariak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Euskal Herriko margolariak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Euskal_Herriko_margolariak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ikus, gainera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo-estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo-estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kanpo-estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo-estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Margolaritza</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 168 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-168" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">168 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skilderkuns" title="Skilderkuns – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skilderkuns" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malerei" title="Malerei – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Malerei" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%95%E1%88%8D" title="ስዕል – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስዕል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85_(%D9%81%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="رسم (فنون تشكيلية) – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رسم (فنون تشكيلية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85_(%D9%81%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A)" title="رسيم (فن تشكيلي) – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="رسيم (فن تشكيلي)" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85" title="رسم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رسم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8" title="চিত্ৰাঙ্কন – assamera" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চিত্ৰাঙ্কন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingeropa" title="Lingeropa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Lingeropa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C9%99ssaml%C4%B1q" title="Rəssamlıq – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rəssamlıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="رساملیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رساملیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%81%D3%99%D0%BD%D2%93%D3%99%D1%82" title="Һынлы сәнғәт – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һынлы сәнғәт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tap%C4%ABba" title="Tapība – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tapība" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagpinta" title="Pagpinta – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pagpinta" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81" title="Жывапіс – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жывапіс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81" title="Жывапіс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Жывапіс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Живопис – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Живопис" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%82%8F" title="ပကီႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ပကီႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8" title="চিত্রাঙ্কন – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চিত্রাঙ্কন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="རི་མོ། – tibetera" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རི་མོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="চিত্রকলা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="চিত্রকলা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livouriezh" title="Livouriezh – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Livouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slikarstvo" title="Slikarstvo – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Slikarstvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Уран зураг – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Уран зураг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ӏалам диллар – txetxenera" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏалам диллар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamintal" title="Pamintal – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pamintal" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8E%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="وێنەکێشی – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وێنەکێشی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – korsikera" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AD%C5%99stv%C3%AD" title="Malířství – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Malířství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C4%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D3%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сăрлавӳнер – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сăрлавӳнер" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paentio" title="Paentio – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Paentio" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maleri" title="Maleri – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Maleri" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malerei" title="Malerei – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Malerei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asay%C4%B1%C5%9Fv%C4%B1ra%C5%9Fto%C4%9F" title="Asayışvıraştoğ – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Asayışvıraştoğ" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CF%89%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Ζωγραφική – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ζωγραφική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit%C3%B9ra_(%C3%AArt)" title="Pitùra (êrt) – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Pitùra (êrt)" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painting" title="Painting – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Painting" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentrarto" title="Pentrarto – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pentrarto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalikunst" title="Maalikunst – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maalikunst" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="نقاشی – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نقاشی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalaustaide" title="Maalaustaide – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maalaustaide" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droini" title="Droini – fijiera" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Droini" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peinture_(art)" title="Peinture (art) – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peinture (art)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5%C3%A5lerkunst" title="Måålerkunst – iparraldeko frisiera" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Måålerkunst" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="iparraldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skilderkeunst" title="Skilderkeunst – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skilderkeunst" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9int%C3%A9ireacht" title="Péintéireacht – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Péintéireacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%AB%E7%95%AB" title="畫畫 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="畫畫" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapentir" title="Lapentir – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lapentir" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91embosa%E2%80%99y" title="Ñembosa’y – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñembosa’y" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE" title="ચિત્રકલા – gujaratera" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ચિત્રકલા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujaratera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Os%E1%BA%B9nsisa" title="Osẹnsisa – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Osẹnsisa" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peintal" title="Peintal – manxera" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Peintal" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painting" title="Painting – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Painting" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8" title="ציור – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ציור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="चित्रकला – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चित्रकला" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitrkalaa" title="Chitrkalaa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chitrkalaa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slikarstvo" title="Slikarstvo – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Slikarstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penti_(atizay)" title="Penti (atizay) – Haitiko kreolera" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Penti (atizay)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitiko kreolera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fest%C5%91m%C5%B1v%C3%A9szet" title="Festőművészet – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Festőművészet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գեղանկարչություն – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գեղանկարչություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գեղանկարչութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գեղանկարչութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pictura" title="Pictura – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pictura" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni_lukis" title="Seni lukis – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Seni lukis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinintaan" title="Pinintaan – ilocanoera" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pinintaan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pikto" title="Pikto – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pikto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1lverk" title="Málverk – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Málverk" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittura" title="Pittura – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pittura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B5%E7%94%BB" title="絵画 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="絵画" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pientin" title="Pientin – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Pientin" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/cintylarcu" title="cintylarcu – lojbana" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="cintylarcu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojbana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukisan" title="Lukisan – javera" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Lukisan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ფერწერა – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფერწერა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%94l%C9%A9m" title="Tɔlɩm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tɔlɩm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Кескіндеме – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кескіндеме" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86" title="ಚಿತ್ರಕಲೆ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಚಿತ್ರಕಲೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9A%8C%ED%99%94" title="회화 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="회화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AEgar" title="Nîgar – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Nîgar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liwans" title="Liwans – kornubiera" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Liwans" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornubiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Живопись – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Живопись" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pictura" title="Pictura – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pictura" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molerei" title="Molerei – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Molerei" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depinta" title="Depinta – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Depinta" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjilderkuns" title="Sjilderkuns – limburgera" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjilderkuns" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitura" title="Pitura – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Pitura" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittura" title="Pittura – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pittura" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B3" title="ຈິຕະກຳ – laosera" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຈິຕະກຳ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapyba" title="Tapyba – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tapyba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glezniec%C4%ABba" title="Glezniecība – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Glezniecība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosodoko" title="Hosodoko – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hosodoko" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81%D3%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Сылнысӱрет – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Сылнысӱрет" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Сликарство – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сликарство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2" title="ചിത്രകല – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചിത്രകല" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Уран зураг – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Уран зураг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="चित्रकार – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चित्रकार" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni_lukis" title="Seni lukis – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Seni lukis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittura" title="Pittura – maltera" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pittura" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – mirandesa" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AE" title="ပန်းချီ – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပန်းချီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Артома – erziera" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Артома" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittura" title="Pittura – napoliera" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Pittura" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maleree" title="Maleree – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Maleree" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeelderskeunst" title="Skeelderskeunst – behe-saxoiera" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Skeelderskeunst" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="behe-saxoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="चित्रकला – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चित्रकला" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A7%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE)" title="चित्तिरम् (सन् २००१या संकिपा) – newarera" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चित्तिरम् (सन् २००१या संकिपा)" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schilderkunst" title="Schilderkunst – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schilderkunst" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5larkunst" title="Målarkunst – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Målarkunst" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malerkunst" title="Malerkunst – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Malerkunst" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%CA%BCashch%CA%BC%C4%85%C4%85%CA%BC" title="Naʼashchʼąąʼ – navajoera" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Naʼashchʼąąʼ" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਚਿੱਤਰਕਾਰੀ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚਿੱਤਰਕਾਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinture" title="Pinture – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Pinture" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malarstwo" title="Malarstwo – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Malarstwo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%D9%86%DA%AF" title="پینٹنگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پینٹنگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%DA%9A%D9%86%D9%87" title="انځورکښنه – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="انځورکښنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pintura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/zuga" title="zuga – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="zuga" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llimphiy" title="Llimphiy – kitxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Llimphiy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kitxua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pictur%C4%83" title="Pictură – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pictură" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Живопись – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Живопись" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Малярство – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Малярство" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="चित्रकला – sanskritoa" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="चित्रकला" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittura" title="Pittura – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pittura" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%BD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="چٽسالي – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="چٽسالي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slikarstvo" title="Slikarstvo – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Slikarstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="චිත්‍ර කලාව – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="චිත්‍ර කලාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painting" title="Painting – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Painting" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maliarstvo" title="Maliarstvo – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Maliarstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slikarstvo" title="Slikarstvo – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Slikarstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupendha" title="Kupendha – shonera" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kupendha" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piktura" title="Piktura – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Piktura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Сликарство – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сликарство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moalerkunst" title="Moalerkunst – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Moalerkunst" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukisan" title="Lukisan – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Lukisan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5larkonst" title="Målarkonst – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Målarkonst" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchoraji" title="Uchoraji – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uchoraji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="ஓவியக் கலை – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஓவியக் கலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="చిత్రలేఖనం – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="చిత్రలేఖనం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D2%9B%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%88%D3%A3" title="Наққошӣ – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Наққошӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="จิตรกรรม – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จิตรกรรม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_sungaty" title="Surat sungaty – turkmenera" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Surat sungaty" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinta" title="Pinta – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pinta" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C9%99ssam%C9%99ti" title="Rəssaməti – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Rəssaməti" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resim" title="Resim – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Resim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Живопис – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Живопис" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="نقاشی – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نقاشی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rassomlik_san%CA%BCati" title="Rassomlik sanʼati – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rassomlik sanʼati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitura" title="Pitura – veneziera" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pitura" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voimujupirdand" title="Voimujupirdand – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Voimujupirdand" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_h%E1%BB%8Da" title="Hội họa – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hội họa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pondeure" title="Pondeure – valoniera" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pondeure" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagpintura" title="Pagpintura – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pagpintura" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuub" title="Cuub – wolofera" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Cuub" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolofera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%98%E7%94%BB" title="绘画 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="绘画" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AD%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90" title="ფერჭარუა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფერჭარუა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99" title="מאלעריי – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאלעריי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%C3%B2r%C3%A1n_k%C3%ADk%C3%B9n" title="Àwòrán kíkùn – jorubera" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwòrán kíkùn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veh_veh" title="Veh veh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Veh veh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schilderkunst" title="Schilderkunst – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Schilderkunst" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%98%E7%94%BB" title="绘画 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="绘画" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B9%AA%E7%95%AB" title="繪畫 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="繪畫" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2e-%C5%8De" title="Kòe-ōe – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kòe-ōe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%AB%E7%95%AB" title="畫畫 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="畫畫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11629#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Margolaritza" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eztabaida:Margolaritza" rel="discussion" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida [t]" 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id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Margolaritza"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tresnak</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ekintzak </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/Margolaritza" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Margolaritza" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&oldid=9678601" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura 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<figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Jan_Vermeer_van_Delft_007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jan_Vermeer_van_Delft_007.jpg/250px-Jan_Vermeer_van_Delft_007.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jan_Vermeer_van_Delft_007.jpg/375px-Jan_Vermeer_van_Delft_007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jan_Vermeer_van_Delft_007.jpg/500px-Jan_Vermeer_van_Delft_007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="3071" /></a><figcaption><i>Neska perlarekin</i> (<i>Het Meisje met de Parel</i>) <a href="/wiki/1665" title="1665">1665</a> inguruan, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Vermeer" title="Jan Vermeer">Johannes Vermeer</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Margolaritza</b> edo <b>pintura</b> <a href="/wiki/Arte" title="Arte">arte</a> nagusien mota tradizionaletakoa da, azal batean (horma, papera, oihala, kristala, egurra eta abar) margoa edo pintura aplikatzean datzana. <b>Margolana</b> izena hartzen dute arlo honetan egindako irudiek, eta <b>pintorea</b> edo <b>margolaria</b> da arlo honetan lan egiten duen artista. Margolaritzari dagokiona eta bereziki margolaritzazko lanak <b>piktorikoak</b> direla esaten da. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Margolaritza_eta_teknika">Margolaritza eta teknika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Margolaritza eta teknika»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Margolaritza eta teknika"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Margolariaren lanaren emaitza erabilitako materialaren eta teknikaren araberakoa da. </p><p>Bost material oinarrizko erabiltzen dira margolan orotan: euskarria; koloregaiak edo pigmentuak; pigmentuok ore gotor bat osatuz elkartzen dituen aglutinatzailea; <a href="/wiki/Aglutinatzaile_(pintura)" title="Aglutinatzaile (pintura)">aglutinatzaileari</a> gehitzen zaion <a href="/wiki/Disolbatzaile" title="Disolbatzaile">disolbatzailea</a>, erabilgarriagoa izan dadin; eta, azkenik, euskarriaren eta margo geruzaren artean zabaltzen den estalgarria edo bitarteko geruza. </p><p>Antzinatik margolan ororen oinarri materiala izan dira beti elementuok. </p><p>Material horietakoren bat aldatzeak, aglutinatzailea eta disolbatzailea aldatzeak batez ere, teknika aldatzea dakar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Materialak">Materialak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Materialak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Materialak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Euskarria higikorra izan daiteke edo finkoa izan daiteke horma edo sabai bat bezala. </p><p>Euskarriaren eta margoaren bitarteko geruzaren edo estalgarriaren helburua euskarria eta margoa babestea da, elkar ukitzean sor litezkeen kimika erreakzio kaltegarri eta suntsitzaileetatik babestea alegia. Geruza estalgarri edo babesgarri hori leunagoa edo zakarragoa izango da, margo geruzari zer itxura eman nahi zaion. Margotu ere egin daiteke, margolanaren <a href="/wiki/Kolore" title="Kolore">koloreen</a> arteko harremana edo, besterik gabe, margotze lana bera erraztearren. </p><p>Margo geruza jatorri mineral, organiko edo sintetikoko kolore <a href="/wiki/Pigmentu" title="Pigmentu">pigmentuez</a> osatua dago. Pigmentuek denek ez dute argia igarotzen berdin uzten, denek ez dute errefrakzio indize bera, handiagoa edo txikiagoa baizik, aglutinatzailearen arabera. </p><p>Hau da, errefrakzio indizea handitu ahala koloreak opakoagoak bihurtzen dira, eta gardenagoak, berriz, txikitu ahala. Argia aglutinatzailean zehar hedatzen da, eta, beraz, haren lodieraren eta duen pigmentu kopuruaren arabera aldatzen da errefrakzio indizea. Gel zeharrargi moduko bat izaten da: suspentsioan dauden pigmentuen artean argia igarotzen uzten du eta aldi berean, bernizaren antzera, babestu egiten da. <a href="/wiki/Erdi_Aroa" title="Erdi Aroa">Erdi Aroko</a> olio egosiek eta akrilatozko erretxina zeharrargiek, polimerizazio bidez sortutako molekula handiak izanik, disolbatzaileak behar dituzte, baina disolbatzaile horrek ez du eraginik izan behar, pinturaren mugimendu mekanikoan ez bada. </p><p>Pintura lehortzeko behar den denbora gutxitzearren eta margo geruza babesgarri batez estaltzearren, margolari eta kimikariek <a href="/wiki/Berun" title="Berun">berunezko</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Manganeso" title="Manganeso">manganesozko</a> lehorgarriak gehitu zizkioten aglutinatzaileari, eta erretxinazko berniz natural eta sintetikoak egin zituzten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teknikak">Teknikak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Teknikak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Teknikak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Anker_Die_Bauern_und_die_Zeitung_1867.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Anker_Die_Bauern_und_die_Zeitung_1867.jpg/300px-Anker_Die_Bauern_und_die_Zeitung_1867.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Anker_Die_Bauern_und_die_Zeitung_1867.jpg/450px-Anker_Die_Bauern_und_die_Zeitung_1867.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Anker_Die_Bauern_und_die_Zeitung_1867.jpg/600px-Anker_Die_Bauern_und_die_Zeitung_1867.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2204" data-file-height="1713" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Anker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Anker (sortu gabe)">Albert Ankerren</a> <i>Nekazaria egunkaria irakurtzen</i> olio-pintura. Olio-pintura da margolariek gogokoen duten tekniketako bat, koloreak nahasteko eta gardentasun- edo lausotasun-efektua lortzeko aukera ematen duelako.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Michelangelo,_giudizio_universale,_dettagli_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Michelangelo%2C_giudizio_universale%2C_dettagli_17.jpg/300px-Michelangelo%2C_giudizio_universale%2C_dettagli_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Michelangelo%2C_giudizio_universale%2C_dettagli_17.jpg/450px-Michelangelo%2C_giudizio_universale%2C_dettagli_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Michelangelo%2C_giudizio_universale%2C_dettagli_17.jpg/600px-Michelangelo%2C_giudizio_universale%2C_dettagli_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1416" data-file-height="1523" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangeloren</a> <i>Azken Auzia</i> freskoaren xehetasuna. Freskoetan ezin da zuzenketarik egin; beraz, aurretiko prestakuntza handia eskatzen du teknika horrek.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Akuarela" title="Akuarela">Akuarelak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Gouache" title="Gouache">gouacheak</a> ur margo gomadunak erabiltzen dituzte: goma arabiarra aglutinatzaile gisa eta ura disolbatzaile gisa. Akuarelak aglutinatzaile gutxi izaten du eta gouacheak, berriz, asko. Hori dela eta, gouache teknikaz egindako margolanak opakoagoak dira eta gardentasun efektu gutxiago dute. Gardentasun efektuok, berriz, oinarrizkoak dira akuareletan. Akuarela ez da oso itsaskorra eta euskarriaren (papera) kolorearen eta egituraren efektuak azalarazten ditu. Argiak eta egurats gertakariek kalte handia egiten diote. Horregatik, kristalez babestu behar da eta argi biziak zuzenean joko ez duen leku batean jarri. Akuareletan, beraz, bertatik bertara egin behar da lan, eta damutasunik gabe, ez baitago zuzenketarako aukerarik. </p><p>Akuarela, hasieran, marrazkiak koloreztatzeko teknika bat baizik ez zen. <a href="/wiki/XVIII._mendea" title="XVIII. mendea">XVIII. mendearen</a> hasieran arte adierazpen autonomoa bihurtu zen <a href="/wiki/Ingalaterra" title="Ingalaterra">Ingalaterran</a>, eta olio pinturaren beraren bilakaera baldintzatu zuen, <a href="/wiki/Neoinpresionismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoinpresionismo">neoinpresionismoaren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Fauvismo" title="Fauvismo">fauvismoaren</a> jarraitzaileen artean gehienbat. </p><p>Gouachea akuarela suerte bat da, baina hura baino dentsoagoa, margulagoa eta hitsagoa. Lehortzen denean are gehiago histen da. Erdi Aroan gai naturaletatik ateratzen zituzten gouacherako pigmentuak; gaur egun, berriz, zenbait materialen sintesiz lortzen dira, <a href="/wiki/Zelulosa" title="Zelulosa">zelulosaren</a> sintesiaz, gehienbat. <a href="/wiki/Pastel_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Pastel (argipena)">Pastela</a>, berriz, pinturaren eta marrazkiaren arteko bat da. Akuarela bezala, marrazkiak koloreztatzeko erabili zen hasieran. Ez du ur beharrik margotzeko, pigmentu hautsez oratutako makilatxo moduko batzuk baitira margook. <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italian</a> asmatu zen <a href="/wiki/XVI._mendea" title="XVI. mendea">XVI. mendearen</a> hasieran, odol lapitzaren marrazki teknikaren aldaera gisa. Odol lapitzak ez bezala, pastelak aglutinatzailea (ura gomarekin edo eztiarekin) behar zuen, eta baita gogortzaileren (talkoa edo kaolina) bat ere. Erantsitako kaolin proportzioaren arabera, bi pastel mota bereizten dira: gogorra, trazu zorrotzez pintatzeko, edo biguna, ikatz ziriaren edo odol lapitzaren antzera pintatzeko. Pastela erabiltzeko, euskarriak zimurtsua behar du izan, materia ongi finka dadin. Teknika honen bilakaera, beraz, paperaren bilakaeraren parekoa izan da. Teknikaren bilakaera horretan aparteko garrantzia izan zuten paper tindatuek, paperaren arabera kolore batzuk edo bestek nabarmentzeko aukera ematen zutelako. <a href="/wiki/XVIII._mendea" title="XVIII. mendea">XVIII. mendean</a>, era guztietako paper mota bereziak azaltzean, Italiako eta <a href="/wiki/Frantzia" title="Frantzia">Frantziako</a> artistek beste pintura molde bat landu zuten, pastelaren teknikan prestalan gisa egiten ziren marrazkietatik eta zirriborroetatik bereizten eta benetako pinturara hurbiltzen zirela. Nolanahi ere, pastelaren mekanikak lotura estua izaten jarraitzen du marrazkiarekin, ez baita pintzelen beharrik, eta makilatxoekin zuzenean margotzen da. </p><p>Pastela oso materia hauskorra da eta lizuna har dezake erraz. Lanak hondatu ez daitezen, finkatzaileak erabiltzen dira eta, koloreen edertasunari antz emateko eragozpena bada ere, margoa kristalez estaltzen da. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tenpera_pintura" title="Tenpera pintura">Tenpera</a> ere ur margoa da, pigmentua eta aglutinatzaile bat (kola, arrautza, erretxina edo olio emultsioa) uretan diluituz egiten den pintura. Gero, margoaren gainean, berniza ezartzen da eta horrek olio pintura baten itxura ematen dio. </p><p>Formula horren bidez edozein gainaldetan pintatzen zen: oholak, hormak, margo-oihalak eta, noski, <a href="/wiki/Pergamino" title="Pergamino">pergamino</a> eta paper gainean. Gehienetan, euskarriaren gainean, estalgarri geruza bat zabaltzen zen, pinturak hobeto hel zezan. Oholak kola eta igeltsuzko ore batean murgildutako lihozko oihal mehez estaltzen ziren. Horrela, denboraren poderioz egurra pitzatzen bazen ere margoa ez zen hondatzen. Tenpera pinturak, baina, eragozpen ugari zuen: ez zuen, adibidez, pintura geruzak bata bestearen gainean jarriz gardentasun efekturik lortzen uzten. Gainera, pintura hori berehala lehortzen da eta ezin zaio pintura freskoaz azken ukiturik eman. </p><p><a href="/wiki/XV._mendea" title="XV. mendea">XV. mendeaz</a> geroztik pintoreen margolaritza teknika kutunena <a href="/wiki/Olio" title="Olio">olioa</a> izan zen. </p><p>Teknika hori besteak baino hobeto egokitzen zen pintura kontzepzio berrietara eta argi-ilunen efektuetan, antzeko bi tonu leuntasunez elkartzeko aukera ematen zuen. Halaxe lortu zen margoen fusioa, pintoren gehienen nahia. </p><p>Tradizioak dioenez, <a href="/wiki/Van_Eyck" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Van Eyck">Van Eyck</a> anaiek asmatu zuten olio pintura. Kontuak kontu, XV. mendeko flandriar margolari horiek olio-margolaritza erabiltzeko modu berria asmatu zuten. Izan ere, olioa lehendik ere erabiltzen zen pinturan, baina beste osagai batzuekin nahastuta, eta berniz babesgarri gisa, gainera. Olio egosia hura baino trinkotasun gutxiagoko disolbatzaile batekin (ura eta arrautza emultsio bat edo esentzia lurrinkor bat) elkartu ahal izatean lortu zen pintura mota horri etekin guztia ateratzea. Teknika berria eta tenperan zuten esperientzia baliatuta, Van Eyck anaiek margo geruza baten gainean hura erabat ezkutatu gabe beste bat zabaltzea lortu zuten, halako moduan ezen, optikaren efektuengatik, sekula ikusi gabeko tonuak lortu ziren. </p><p>Teknika berri hura berehala zabaldu zen. <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardok</a>, adibidez, <a href="/wiki/Esfumatura" title="Esfumatura">sfumatoa</a> asmatu zuen, olioa disolbatzailean nahastuta erabiliz. <a href="/wiki/XVI._mendea" title="XVI. mendea">XVI. mendeko</a> pintore veneziarrek, <a href="/wiki/Tiziano" title="Tiziano">Tizianok</a> gehienbat, lausotuaren teknika asmatu zuten; gero, barrokoko maisuek hobetu zuten. Handik hara pintura kolorezko orban multzoa bihurtu zen, eta lausotasunek, gardentasunek eta margo geruzaren egiturak berak sortzen zituzten efektuen bidez orbanok forma zehatza hartzen zuten behatzailearen begian. </p><p>Baina olioak ere bazituen eragozpenak. Denbora igarotzean horitu egiten zen eta zenbaitetan, herdoilduta, obraren jatorrizko margoak eraldatzen zituen. </p><p>XVI. mendean, olioaren erabilera zabaltzeaz gainera, <a href="/wiki/Margo-oihal" title="Margo-oihal">margo-oihalak</a> egurrezko armazoietan josita erabiltzen hasi ziren. </p><p>Hala, tamaina handiko lanak biribilkatuta garraia zitezkeen. Horrela erabiltzeak baina ez zion onik egiten oihalari, arrakala txikiak sortzen baitziren pinturan. Oihalaren geruza babesgarriagatik ere sortu zen arazorik, bai pinturaren olioak babesgarrian zehar irazita oihala erretzen zuelako, bai olioa desagertuz gero koloreek distira guztia galtzen zutelako. </p><p>Pinturagatik eta euskarriarengatik ez ezik pinturaren babesgarri zabaltzen zen bernizarengatik ere izaten zen arazorik: denbora igaro ahala horitu eta pitzatu egiten zen. Margolana bukatutakoan bernizik ez eman beharrik izateko, zenbaitetan pinturak berak izaten zuen berniza, baina halakoetan, koadroaren gainaldean aldaketarik izanez gero, galdu egiten ziren suspentsioan dauden pigmentuak, eta izugarri zailtzen ziren garbitze eta zaharberritze lanak. </p><p>Formula kimiko industrial berriei esker gaur egun ez da horrelako arazorik. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1840" title="1840">1840</a>. urteaz gero olio pintura metalezko hodi estandarretan saltzen da. </p><p>Margo binilikoak eta akrilikoak erretxina sintetikoen erabileratik sortu ziren. </p><p>Pintura horiek, uretan nahastuta erabilita, tenperaren edota are akuarelaren antzekoak dira. Akrilato molekulei esker margo geruza gotor eta meheak ateratzen dira, oso kolore distiratsukoak. Margo horrek duen erretxinari esker margo geruzak bata bestearen gainean zabal daitezke. Eragozpen bat badu ordea, berehala lehortzen da. Edozein gainaldetan zabal daiteke, ez du aldez aurretik inolako babesgarririk behar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Margolanen_salmenta">Margolanen salmenta</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Margolanen salmenta»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Margolanen salmenta"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grafiko interaktibo honetan garestien saldu diren margolanak aurkezten ditugu: </p> <div style="color: grey; font-size: 1.5em; text-align: center;">Grafiko hau ezin da une honetan ikusi, software arazo bat dela eta. Lanean ari gara ahalik eta lasterren grafikoak berriro erakutsi ahal izateko.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Margolari_ospetsuak">Margolari ospetsuak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Margolari ospetsuak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Margolari ospetsuak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pizkundekoak">Pizkundekoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Pizkundekoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Pizkundekoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Margolari klasikoen artean, <a href="/wiki/Pizkundea" title="Pizkundea">Berpizkunde</a> garaian nabarmendu ziren <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Raffaello</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandro_Botticelli" title="Sandro Botticelli">Botticelli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Durer</a> handiak, besteak beste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barrokoak">Barrokoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Barrokoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Barrokoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Barrokoa" title="Barrokoa">Barrokoan</a> bestela <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Pieter Paul Rubens</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez" title="Diego Velázquez">Diego Velázquez</a> oso nabarmentzekoak dira. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Erromantikoak">Erromantikoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erromantikoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Erromantikoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Erromantizismo" title="Erromantizismo">Erromantizismoan</a> azpimarratzekoak dira <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet" title="Jean-François Millet">Jean-François Millet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_G%C3%A9ricault" title="Théodore Géricault">Théodore Géricault</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Francisco Goya</a>, besteak beste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modernoak">Modernoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Modernoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Modernoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Arte_modernoa" title="Arte modernoa">Arte modernoan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Munch" title="Edvard Munch">Edvard Munch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vasili_Kandinski" title="Vasili Kandinski">Vasili Kandinski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Klimt" title="Gustav Klimt">Gustav Klimt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a>, beste batzuen artean. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Euskal_Herriko_margolariak">Euskal Herriko margolariak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Euskal Herriko margolariak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Euskal Herriko margolariak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">Sakontzeko, irakurri: «<a href="/wiki/Margolaritza_Euskal_Herrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Margolaritza Euskal Herrian">Margolaritza Euskal Herrian</a>»</div> <p><a href="/wiki/Euskal_Herriko_artisten_zerrenda" class="mw-redirect" title="Euskal Herriko artisten zerrenda">Euskal artisten</a> artean, <a href="/wiki/Aurelio_Arteta" title="Aurelio Arteta">Aurelio Arteta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jose_Luis_Zumeta" title="Jose Luis Zumeta">Jose Luis Zumeta</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Mentxu_Gal" title="Mentxu Gal">Menchu Gal</a> dira aipagai, bereziki. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="boilerplate" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%"> <ul><li>Artikulu honen edukiaren zati bat <i>Lur hiztegi entziklopediko</i>tik edo <i>Lur entziklopedia tematiko</i>tik txertatu zen 2011/12/27 egunean. Egile-eskubideen jabeak, <a href="/wiki/Eusko_Jaurlaritza" title="Eusko Jaurlaritza">Eusko Jaurlaritzak</a>, hiztegi horiek <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/deed.eu">CC-BY 3.0 lizentziarekin</a> argitaratu ditu, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opendata.euskadi.eus/katalogoa/-/lur-entziklopedia-tematikoa/">Open Data Euskadi webgunean</a>.</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labar_artea" class="mw-redirect" title="Labar artea">Labar-pintura</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo-estekak">Kanpo-estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo-estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margolaritza&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo-estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Frantsesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Frantsesez)</b></span><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen 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.navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autoritate_kontrola" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritate_kontrola" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Autoritate_kontrola" title="Laguntza:Autoritate kontrola">Autoritate kontrola</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q11629">Q11629</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Painting">Painting</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q11629%22">Q11629</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX525398">XX525398</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span 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