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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citroën_acquisition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citroën_acquisition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Citroën acquisition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citroën_acquisition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chrysler_Europe_acquisition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chrysler_Europe_acquisition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Chrysler Europe acquisition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chrysler_Europe_acquisition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_crisis,_alliance_with_General_Motors_(2012–2014)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_crisis,_alliance_with_General_Motors_(2012–2014)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Financial crisis, alliance with General Motors (2012–2014)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_crisis,_alliance_with_General_Motors_(2012–2014)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rapid_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rapid_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Rapid expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rapid_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Acquisition_of_'Ambassador'_brand_from_Hindustan_Motors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisition_of_'Ambassador'_brand_from_Hindustan_Motors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Acquisition of 'Ambassador' brand from Hindustan Motors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisition_of_'Ambassador'_brand_from_Hindustan_Motors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acquisition_of_Opel_and_Vauxhall_Motors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisition_of_Opel_and_Vauxhall_Motors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Acquisition of Opel and Vauxhall Motors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisition_of_Opel_and_Vauxhall_Motors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bid_for_Proton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bid_for_Proton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.3</span> <span>Bid for Proton</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bid_for_Proton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merger_with_FCA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merger_with_FCA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Merger with FCA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merger_with_FCA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Developing_markets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Developing_markets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Developing markets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Developing_markets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peugeot_Citroën_Automobiles_S.A." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peugeot_Citroën_Automobiles_S.A."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Peugeot Citroën Automobiles S.A.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peugeot_Citroën_Automobiles_S.A.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PSA_PowerTrain_(formerly_Peugeot_Citroën_Moteurs)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PSA_PowerTrain_(formerly_Peugeot_Citroën_Moteurs)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>PSA PowerTrain (formerly Peugeot Citroën Moteurs)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PSA_PowerTrain_(formerly_Peugeot_Citroën_Moteurs)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Process_Conception_Ingénierie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Process_Conception_Ingénierie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Process Conception Ingénierie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Process_Conception_Ingénierie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faurecia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faurecia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Faurecia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faurecia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gefco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gefco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Gefco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gefco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motaquip" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motaquip"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Motaquip</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motaquip-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Financial services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_marques_and_subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_marques_and_subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Former marques and subsidiaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_marques_and_subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joint_ventures_and_collaborations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joint_ventures_and_collaborations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Joint ventures and collaborations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Joint_ventures_and_collaborations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Joint ventures and collaborations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Joint_ventures_and_collaborations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sevel_S.p.A." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sevel_S.p.A."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Sevel S.p.A.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sevel_S.p.A.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dongfeng_Peugeot-Citroën_Automobile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dongfeng_Peugeot-Citroën_Automobile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dongfeng_Peugeot-Citroën_Automobile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peugeot_Citroën_Mitsubishi_Automotive_Rus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peugeot_Citroën_Mitsubishi_Automotive_Rus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Peugeot Citroën Mitsubishi Automotive Rus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peugeot_Citroën_Mitsubishi_Automotive_Rus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IKAP_(Iran_Khodro_Automobiles_Peugeot)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IKAP_(Iran_Khodro_Automobiles_Peugeot)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>IKAP (Iran Khodro Automobiles Peugeot)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IKAP_(Iran_Khodro_Automobiles_Peugeot)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-B-Parts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#B-Parts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>B-Parts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-B-Parts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_interests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_interests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Other interests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_interests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_joint_ventures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_joint_ventures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Former joint ventures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_joint_ventures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Locations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Locations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Locations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Head_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Head_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Head office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Head_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Other locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vehicles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vehicles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Vehicles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_vehicles_and_innovations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_vehicles_and_innovations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Notable vehicles and innovations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_vehicles_and_innovations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hybrid_Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hybrid_Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Hybrid Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hybrid_Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">PSA Group</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D8%B3_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مجموعة بي إس إيه – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة بي إس إيه" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_PSA" title="Grupo PSA – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Grupo PSA" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF_%D0%9F%D0%A1%D0%90" title="Груп ПСА – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Груп ПСА" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_PSA" title="Grup PSA – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grup PSA" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_PSA" title="Grupo PSA – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grupo PSA" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87_%D9%BE%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="گروه پی‌اس‌ای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروه پی‌اس‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn" title="PSA Peugeot Citroën – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="PSA Peugeot Citroën" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%A8%ED%94%84_PSA" title="그루프 PSA – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그루프 PSA" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn" title="PSA Peugeot Citroën – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="PSA Peugeot Citroën" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="PSA Group" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%AA_PSA" title="קבוצת PSA – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קבוצת PSA" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="PSA Group" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSA-csoport" title="PSA-csoport – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="PSA-csoport" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%89_%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مجموعة بى اس ايه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مجموعة بى اس ايه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97PSA" title="グループPSA – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グループPSA" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="PSA Group" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_PSA" title="Grupo PSA – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grupo PSA" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupul_PSA" title="Grupul PSA – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grupul PSA" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="PSA Group" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_PSA" title="Groupe PSA – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Groupe PSA" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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manufacturing corporation</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Peugeot S.A.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Groupe_PSA_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Groupe_PSA_logo.svg/170px-Groupe_PSA_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Groupe_PSA_logo.svg/255px-Groupe_PSA_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Groupe_PSA_logo.svg/340px-Groupe_PSA_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Le-siege-de-psa-a-rueil-malmaison-pres-de-paris-le-2-octobre-2017_5969754.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Le-siege-de-psa-a-rueil-malmaison-pres-de-paris-le-2-octobre-2017_5969754.jpg/220px-Le-siege-de-psa-a-rueil-malmaison-pres-de-paris-le-2-octobre-2017_5969754.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Le-siege-de-psa-a-rueil-malmaison-pres-de-paris-le-2-octobre-2017_5969754.jpg/330px-Le-siege-de-psa-a-rueil-malmaison-pres-de-paris-le-2-octobre-2017_5969754.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Le-siege-de-psa-a-rueil-malmaison-pres-de-paris-le-2-octobre-2017_5969754.jpg/440px-Le-siege-de-psa-a-rueil-malmaison-pres-de-paris-le-2-octobre-2017_5969754.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1520" data-file-height="855" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Head office in Rueil-Malmaison</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Groupe PSA</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">PSA Peugeot Citroën (1991–2016)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euronext_Paris" title="Euronext Paris">Euronext Paris</a>: UG</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessors</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/GM_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="GM Europe">GM Europe</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">Paris, France<br />April 1976<span class="noprint">; 48 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1976-04</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">16 January 2021<span class="noprint">; 3 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">2021-01-16</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data">Merged with <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> (FCA) to form <a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Rueil-Malmaison" title="Rueil-Malmaison">Rueil-Malmaison</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Tavares" title="Carlos Tavares">Carlos Tavares</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a> and Chairman of the management board)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_Peugeot" title="Thierry Peugeot">Thierry Peugeot</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">Chairman</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Supervisory_board" title="Supervisory board">supervisory board</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Automobiles (73.8%)</li><li>Automotive parts (21%)</li><li>Financing (2.8%)</li><li>Logistics (2.2%)</li><li>Motorcycles (0.2%)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production output</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3.5 million (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Brands</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS Automobiles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €74.731 billion (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-AR2019_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €4.668 billion (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-AR2019_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €3.2 billion (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-AR2019_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €69.766 billion (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-AR2019_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €21.801 billion (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-AR2019_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owners</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Motor_Group" title="Dongfeng Motor Group">Dongfeng Motor Group</a> (15.68%)</span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Agence_des_participations_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Agence des participations de l'État">French state</a> (13.68%)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span></li><li>Peugeot family (13.68%)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">209,000 (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-Key_figures_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Key_figures-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <b>Car companies</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>PSA Automobiles <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sevel_S.p.A.#Sevel_Nord" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevel S.p.A.">Sevel Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel_S.p.A.#Sevel_Sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevel S.p.A.">Sevel Sud</a> (50%)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Automobile_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Opel Automobile GmbH">Opel Automobile GmbH</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Vauxhall Motors Limited">Vauxhall Motors Limited</a></li></ul></li></ul> <b>Automotive parts</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faurecia" title="Faurecia">Faurecia</a> (majority stake)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gefco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gefco (page does not exist)">Gefco</a> (75% sold to <a href="/wiki/Russian_Railways" title="Russian Railways">RZD Russian Railways</a>, September 2012)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <b>Financing</b> <ul><li>Banque PSA Finance</li></ul> <b>Other</b> <ul><li>Process Conception Ingénierie</li> <li>Peugeot Citroën Electrification</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn_Moteurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Peugeot Citroën Moteurs">Peugeot Citroën Moteurs</a></li></ul> <b>International divisions:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn" class="mw-redirect" title="PSA Peugeot Citroën">PSA Peugeot Citroën Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn" class="mw-redirect" title="PSA Peugeot Citroën">PSA Peugeot Citroën do Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Peugeot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSA Peugeot (page does not exist)">PSA Peugeot Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Peugeot-Citro%C3%ABn_Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile">Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKAP" title="IKAP">Iran Khodro Automobiles Peugeot</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn" class="mw-redirect" title="Peugeot Citroën">Peugeot Citroën Mitsubishi Automotiv Rus</a> (70%)</li></ul> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200504063334/https://www.groupe-psa.com/en/">groupe-psa.com</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 4 May 2020)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Peugeot S.A.</b>, trading as <b>Groupe PSA</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ɡʁup<span class="wrap"> </span>pe<span class="wrap"> </span>ɛs<span class="wrap"> </span>ɑ]</a></span>) (formerly <b>PSA Peugeot Citroën</b> from 1991 to 2016) was a French <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">automotive</a> manufacturing company which produced automobiles and motorcycles under the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a>, <a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall</a> brands.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PSA-GM_2017-03-06_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA-GM_2017-03-06-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 December 2019, PSA and <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> (FCA) announced that they had agreed to the terms of a binding $50 billion merger.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 July 2020, both companies announced the new name for their merged operations, <a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deal closed on 16 January 2021. As of 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Stellantis is the fourth largest automaker by sales behind <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group" title="Volkswagen Group">Volkswagen Group</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Group" title="Hyundai Motor Group">Hyundai Motor Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peugeot was the largest PSA brand. PSA was listed on the <a href="/wiki/Euronext_Paris" title="Euronext Paris">Euronext Paris</a> stock exchange and was a constituent of the <a href="/wiki/CAC_40" title="CAC 40">CAC 40</a> index.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 2016, PSA began to outline a strategy which entailed the rapid expansion of the company, through both geographic expansion and acquisitions of other car companies. PSA announced plans to enter the <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a>, <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">South East Asian</a>, and other markets in the coming years. </p><p>Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Rueil-Malmaison" title="Rueil-Malmaison">Rueil-Malmaison</a>, PSA, with sales of 3.88 million units in 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the third-largest Europe-based automaker, distantly trailing industry leader Volkswagen's 10.8 million<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and just a fraction behind <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, Groupe PSA was the ninth largest automaker in the world, after Volkswagen, Toyota, the <a href="/wiki/Renault%E2%80%93Nissan%E2%80%93Mitsubishi_Alliance" title="Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance">Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Group" title="Hyundai Motor Group">Hyundai Motor Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citroën_acquisition"><span id="Citro.C3.ABn_acquisition"></span>Citroën acquisition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Citroën acquisition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 1974, Peugeot S.A. acquired a 38.2% share of Citroën. On 9 April 1976<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they increased their stake of the then bankrupt company to 89.95%, thus creating the <i>PSA Group</i> (where PSA is short for Peugeot <a href="/wiki/S.A._(corporation)" title="S.A. (corporation)">Société Anonyme</a>), becoming PSA Peugeot Citroën.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since Citroën had two successful new designs in the market at this time (the <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_GS" title="Citroën GS">GS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_CX" title="Citroën CX">CX</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a> was typically prudent in its own finances, the PSA venture was a financial success from 1976 to 1979. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chrysler_Europe_acquisition">Chrysler Europe acquisition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chrysler Europe acquisition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn.svg/250px-PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn.svg/375px-PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn.svg/500px-PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="28" /></a><figcaption>PSA logo 1991–2016</figcaption></figure> <p>In late 1978, PSA purchased the failing <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a> (which had been <a href="/wiki/Rootes_Group" title="Rootes Group">Rootes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a>) from the troubled US parent firm for a nominal US$1.00, plus assumption of outstanding debt, leading to losses for the consortium from 1980 to 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-rootes-PSA_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rootes-PSA-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further investment was required because PSA decided to create a new brand for the entity for the disparate French and British models, based on the <a href="/wiki/Talbot_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Talbot (automobile)">Talbot</a> sports car last seen in the 1950s. From then on, the whole Chrysler/Simca range was sold under the Talbot badge until production of Talbot-branded passenger cars was shelved in 1987 and on commercial vehicles in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All of this investment caused serious financial problems for the entire PSA group; PSA lost money from 1980 to 1985. There were some bright spots, however: mainly thanks to the success of the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_205" title="Peugeot 205">Peugeot 205</a> and in spite of Talbot sales withering away, PSA surpassed Renault in sales in the domestic French market for the first time in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-AGp110_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AGp110-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, the company dropped the Talbot brand for passenger cars when it ceased production of the Simca-developed Horizon; the Samba and Alpine/Solara had been discontinued a year earlier. What was to have been the Talbot Arizona became the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_309" title="Peugeot 309">Peugeot 309</a>, with the former Rootes plant in <a href="/wiki/Ryton-on-Dunsmore" title="Ryton-on-Dunsmore">Ryton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Poissy_Plant" title="Stellantis Poissy Plant">Simca plant</a> in <a href="/wiki/Poissy" title="Poissy">Poissy</a> being turned over for Peugeot assembly from October 1985. Producing Peugeots in Ryton was significant, as it signaled the first time that PSA would build cars in the UK (car assembly at Ryton stopped in 2006 and the plant was closed). The Talbot name survived for a little longer on commercial vehicles until 1992 before being shelved completely. From 1987 to 1995, the Ryton plant also produced the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_405" title="Peugeot 405">Peugeot 405</a> saloon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_crisis,_alliance_with_General_Motors_(2012–2014)"><span id="Financial_crisis.2C_alliance_with_General_Motors_.282012.E2.80.932014.29"></span>Financial crisis, alliance with General Motors (2012–2014)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Financial crisis, alliance with General Motors (2012–2014)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippe_Varin_5.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Philippe_Varin_5.JPG/200px-Philippe_Varin_5.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Philippe_Varin_5.JPG/300px-Philippe_Varin_5.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Philippe_Varin_5.JPG/400px-Philippe_Varin_5.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2179" data-file-height="2021" /></a><figcaption>PSA Peugeot Citroen CEO, Philippe Varin, in 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>On 29 February 2012, PSA announced the creation of a major alliance with <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> (GM), as part of which GM became PSA's second-largest shareholder, after the Peugeot family, with a holding of 7%. The alliance was intended to enable $2 billion per year of cost savings through platform sharing, common purchasing and other economies of scale.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2012, a union official said that PSA Peugeot Citroën would cut as much as 10 percent (8,000-10,000) of its French workforce of 100,356 employees on permanent and temporary contract. The jobs cut was more than previously announced.<sup id="cite_ref-PSA_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 October, PSA said it was close to an agreement with creditor banks on €11.5 billion ($14.9 billion) of refinancing and had won state guarantees on €7 billion in further borrowing by its Banque PSA Finance.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 December 2013, General Motors announced it was selling its 7% stake in PSA Peugeot Citroën to Padmapriya Automobile Investment Group.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Motor_Group" title="Dongfeng Motor Group">Dongfeng Motor Group</a>, the Chinese partner that builds PSA cars in China, and the French government each took a 13% stake in PSA, in a financial rescue operation, reducing the Peugeot family share from 25% to 14%.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rapid_expansion">Rapid expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rapid expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/PSA_Group" title="Special:EditPage/PSA Group">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Following Dongfeng and the French government each acquiring stakes in Groupe PSA, various cost-cutting measures at the company turned its fortune around and gradually reduced PSA's debt, until the company began to turn a profit beginning in 2015. A new CEO, <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Tavares" title="Carlos Tavares">Carlos Tavares</a>, was engaged and began to implement various cost-cutting measures and expanded the model range of all three core brands, alongside the creation of a new brand, <a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS Automobiles</a>. </p><p>In early 2016, PSA unveiled a roadmap detailing its plan to re-enter the North American car market for the first time since 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Acquisition_of_'Ambassador'_brand_from_Hindustan_Motors"><span id="Acquisition_of_.27Ambassador.27_brand_from_Hindustan_Motors"></span>Acquisition of 'Ambassador' brand from Hindustan Motors</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Acquisition of 'Ambassador' brand from Hindustan Motors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 10 February 2017, PSA announced a 50:50 joint venture with the <a href="/wiki/CK_Birla_Group" title="CK Birla Group">CK Birla Group</a>, the owner of the <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Motors" title="Hindustan Motors">Hindustan Motors</a> to sell Peugeot, Citroën, and DS vehicles in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and purchase of the <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Ambassador" title="Hindustan Ambassador">Ambassador</a> brand from <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Motors" title="Hindustan Motors">Hindustan Motors</a> at the cost of <a href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>80 <a href="/wiki/Crore" title="Crore">Crore</a> (€11<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> million).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Acquisition_of_Opel_and_Vauxhall_Motors">Acquisition of Opel and Vauxhall Motors</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Acquisition of Opel and Vauxhall Motors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 14 February 2017 PSA announced that it was in talks to acquire <a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall Motors</a> from <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>. The talks were in an advanced stage, but were a surprise to the press and to much of Opel's leadership as they had plans to transform the company into an electric-car-only brand using the platform of the <a href="/wiki/Opel_Ampera-e" class="mw-redirect" title="Opel Ampera-e">Opel Ampera-e</a> for a wide range of models. GM agreed to continue to supply PSA with Ampera-e and other <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric vehicle</a> technology.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-www.vindobona.org_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.vindobona.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2017, PSA completed the acquisition deal of Opel and Vauxhall.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>GM reported a loss of US $257 million from its European operations in 2016, sixteenth consecutive loss-making year for GM in Europe, bringing its amount of losses on the continent since 2000 to more than US $15 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some expressed concerns about what this major acquisition might do to PSA's bottom line. However, due to this amount of debt, it is likely that GM may give the brands to PSA, or sell Opel and Vauxhall at a highly reduced price. Tavares expects <a href="/wiki/Synergy" title="Synergy">synergies</a> a decade after the takeover.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-www.vindobona.org_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.vindobona.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PSA CEO Carlos Tavares met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel and British Prime Minister Theresa May at separate meetings where he toured some of Opel and Vauxhall's operations in Germany and the UK, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-www.vindobona.org_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.vindobona.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He assured the leaders that jobs would be safeguarded and that <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Ellesmere_Port" title="Vauxhall Ellesmere Port">Vauxhall's Ellesmere Port plant</a> was to be used by PSA at least until 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-www.vindobona.org_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.vindobona.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tavares announced that he wants Opel to keep its German brand identity and to embrace it, and that he would leverage Opel's pedigree of German engineering and Motorsport and use the company's heritage to reach markets and customers that may not consider a French car due to perceived reliability issues.<sup id="cite_ref-www.vindobona.org_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.vindobona.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also announced that the Opel and Vauxhall brands would be elevated to new heights within Groupe PSA, including the sale of Opel and Vauxhall-branded vehicles outside Europe for the first time in many decades.<sup id="cite_ref-www.vindobona.org_35-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.vindobona.org-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bid_for_Proton">Bid for Proton</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bid for Proton"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 17 February 2017, PSA announced its bid to acquire <a href="/wiki/PROTON_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="PROTON Holdings">PROTON Holdings</a>, which owns the Proton and <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Cars" title="Lotus Cars">Lotus</a> brands, but lost out to <a href="/wiki/Geely" title="Geely">Geely</a> a few months later.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merger_with_FCA">Merger with FCA</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Merger with FCA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2019 <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> (FCA) announced its intention to seek a merger with <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Groupe Renault</a>. However, in early June merger talks were suspended, and never resumed.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 31 October 2019, Groupe PSA announced intent to merge with FCA. The merger would be on a 50-50 all stock basis. On 18 December 2019, FCA and PSA announced that they had agreed to the terms of a binding $50 billion merger,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> expected to be implemented in the next 12 months. The new group is incorporated in the Netherlands and has <a href="/wiki/John_Elkann" title="John Elkann">John Elkann</a> as Chairman of the Board and Carlos Tavares as CEO.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 July 2020, the two companies announced that the merged entity will be named <a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a>, from the "Latin verb 'stello' meaning 'to brighten with stars.'"<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 4 January 2021, both shareholders of PSA and FCA approved the merger and the deal was closed on 16 January 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Peugeot, Citroën and DS Automobiles brands retain separate sales and marketing structures, but share common technology, development and assembling assets. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jean-Martin_Folz" title="Jean-Martin Folz">Jean-Martin Folz</a> was PSA's CEO between 1996 and early 2007, when he was replaced by former <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a> head <a href="/wiki/Christian_Streiff" title="Christian Streiff">Christian Streiff</a>. Streiff was sacked on 29 March 2009, a day after the company posted a full year loss for 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Streiff was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Corus_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Corus Group">Corus Group</a> chief executive Philippe Varin.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Tavares" title="Carlos Tavares">Carlos Tavares</a> became CEO in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Developing_markets">Developing markets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Developing markets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PSA was actively committed to developing its market presence and sales in many fast growing <a href="/wiki/Developing_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Developing countries">developing countries</a> and regions of the world. This led to huge investments and partnerships in South America, Iran (<a href="/wiki/Iran_Khodro" title="Iran Khodro">Iran Khodro</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">China</a> (Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile).<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It announced plans to invest €650 million in a manufacturing plant in <a href="/wiki/Sanand" title="Sanand">Sanand</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. With a capacity of 170,000 vehicles, the Sanand plant started production of the aaa in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-wsj-invest_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsj-invest-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>, assembly of the Peugeot passenger cars will start in June 2013 with a production capacity of 4,000 units per year at the beginning and more than 10,000 units in the near future.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A PSA plant was opened in 2018 in <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> and in 2019 in <a href="/wiki/Kenitra" title="Kenitra">Kenitra</a> in Morocco.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a> will enter the Indian market in early 2021, with the launch of the <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_C5_Aircross" title="Citroën C5 Aircross">C5 Aircross SUV</a> manufactured at a plant in <a href="/wiki/Tiruvallur" title="Tiruvallur">Tiruvallur</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peugeot_Citroën_Automobiles_S.A."><span id="Peugeot_Citro.C3.ABn_Automobiles_S.A."></span>Peugeot Citroën Automobiles S.A.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Peugeot Citroën Automobiles S.A."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The manufacturer of <a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a> and <a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS Automobiles</a>-branded cars and vans, 100% owned by PSA Group and formed from the combination of Automobiles Citroën and Automobiles Peugeot. Automobiles Citroën, Automobiles Peugeot, and DS Automobiles remain in operation in relation to specific retail operations in various countries but not in the development or manufacture of vehicles. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Peugeot_Citroën_Moteurs"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PSA_PowerTrain_(formerly_Peugeot_Citroën_Moteurs)"><span id="PSA_PowerTrain_.28formerly_Peugeot_Citro.C3.ABn_Moteurs.29"></span>PSA PowerTrain (formerly Peugeot Citroën Moteurs)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: PSA PowerTrain (formerly Peugeot Citroën Moteurs)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PSA PowerTrain is a manufacturer of petrol and diesel engines for a range of companies including <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_Cars" title="Jaguar Cars">Jaguar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Land_Rover" title="Land Rover">Land Rover</a>. It was founded by Peugeot in 1898 in <a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a> and later named Compagnie Lilloise de Moteurs (CLM). In 1992 SCM-CLM as it was then known became Peugeot Citroën Moteurs.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The company has had a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a> since 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PSA and <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> have an agreement to develop the 1.6 <a href="/wiki/Prince_engine" title="Prince engine">Prince engine</a>. PSA also sells their engines, gearboxes and other parts to small independent manufacturers such as <a href="/wiki/De_La_Chapelle" title="De La Chapelle">De La Chapelle</a> and <a href="/wiki/PGO_(Automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="PGO (Automobile)">PGO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This PSA Peugeot Citroën 1.6-litre turbo petrol engine has received the <a href="/wiki/International_Engine_of_the_Year" title="International Engine of the Year">International Engine of the Year</a> awards a total of eight times, from 2007 to 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Process_Conception_Ingénierie"><span id="Process_Conception_Ing.C3.A9nierie"></span>Process Conception Ingénierie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Process Conception Ingénierie"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Process Conception Ingénierie (PCI) is a French-based manufacturer of machine-tools for the automotive and aircraft industry.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faurecia">Faurecia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Faurecia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Faurecia_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Faurecia_Logo.svg/220px-Faurecia_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Faurecia_Logo.svg/330px-Faurecia_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Faurecia_Logo.svg/440px-Faurecia_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="674" data-file-height="187" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>PSA owns 57.43% of automotive supplier <a href="/wiki/Faurecia" title="Faurecia">Faurecia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a company created by a 1997 merger between Bertrand Faure and PSA-owned ECIA. It provides various components to Peugeot, Citroën, DS and significant interior and exterior parts to companies such as <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a>, <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gefco">Gefco</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Gefco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GEFCO_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/GEFCO_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren.JPG/220px-GEFCO_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/GEFCO_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren.JPG/330px-GEFCO_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/GEFCO_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren.JPG/440px-GEFCO_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>Gefco near Berlin</figcaption></figure> <p>Gefco is a large international logistics company,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> established by Peugeot in 1949 and named Les <b>G</b>roupages <b>E</b>xpress de <b>F</b>ranche-<b>Co</b>mté. In November 2012, PSA sold a 75% share to <a href="/wiki/Russian_Railways" title="Russian Railways">Russian Railways</a> (RZD) for €800m,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but retains Gefco as the main logistics provider.<sup id="cite_ref-alcl4_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alcl4-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Motaquip">Motaquip</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Motaquip"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Motaquip is an all-makes aftermarket parts company and was established in the UK by PSA Peugeot Citroën in 1981. In December 2014 Motaquip was sold to an outside company to become independent of PSA as "Motaquip Limited". The head office is now based in Nuneaton, UK, with all parts distributed from a warehouse in Luton, UK. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_services">Financial services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Financial services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PSA wholly owns Banque PSA Finance which provides financial services, and 98.67% of GIE PSA Tresorerie which was founded in 1990 as a treasury and cash management services division. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_marques_and_subsidiaries">Former marques and subsidiaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Former marques and subsidiaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of marques were inherited following the acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a> in 1978, and some were merged to re-establish <a href="/wiki/Talbot_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Talbot (automobile)">Talbot</a>, a previously dormant marque. </p><p>Chrysler Europe marques included the British <a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Motor_Car_Company" title="Sunbeam Motor Car Company">Sunbeam</a> (1901–1976), <a href="/wiki/Humber_Limited" title="Humber Limited">Humber</a> (1868-1976), <a href="/wiki/Singer_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Singer (car)">Singer</a> (1905–1970), <a href="/wiki/Commer" title="Commer">Commer</a> (1905–1979), <a href="/wiki/Hillman" title="Hillman">Hillman</a> (1907–1976), <a href="/wiki/Karrier" title="Karrier">Karrier</a> (1908–1977), the French <a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a> (1934–1977) and the Spanish <a href="/wiki/Barreiros_(manufacturer)" title="Barreiros (manufacturer)">Barreiros</a> (1959–1978). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cycles_Peugeot" title="Cycles Peugeot">Cycles Peugeot</a> produced bicycles from 1882 until 2005. In 1987, ProCycle of Canada acquired the rights to distribute French-made Peugeots in North America and in 1990, Cycles Peugeot sold the North American rights to market bicycles under the Peugeot name to ProCycle. In 2001, ProCycle discontinued the Peugeot bicycle brand. In Europe, the licence to produce Peugeot-branded bicycles was sold to <a href="/wiki/Cycleurope" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycleurope">Cycleurope</a>, a company making bicycles under different names, on condition that it would be reconsidered in 2004. That license was later withdrawn for Europe, though production of bicycles for export continued for another year. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Peugeot_Motocycles" title="Peugeot Motocycles">Peugeot Motocycles</a> manufactures a range of mopeds and scooters. In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Mahindra_%26_Mahindra" title="Mahindra & Mahindra">Mahindra & Mahindra</a> acquired a 51% stake in the company, and in 2019, PSA sold its remaining stake. The company owned 50% of the Chinese Jinan Qingqi Peugeot Motocycles joint venture, which became a wholly owned subsidiary of China South Industries Group in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Citer_SA" title="Citer SA">Citer</a> is a French-based car rental company established by Citroën in 1968. It was sold to <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Holdings" title="Enterprise Holdings">Enterprise Holdings</a> in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Joint_ventures_and_collaborations">Joint ventures and collaborations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Joint ventures and collaborations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sevel_S.p.A.">Sevel S.p.A.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sevel S.p.A."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sevel" title="Sevel">Sevel</a></div> <p>Sevel (<i>Société Européenne de Véhicules Légers SA</i> and <i>Società Europea Veicoli Leggeri-Sevel S.p.A.</i>) was established in 1978 and is equally owned by PSA Group and <a href="/wiki/Fiat_S.p.A." title="Fiat S.p.A.">Fiat</a>. As a result of this, two factories have been built assembling three ranges of vehicles, <a href="/wiki/Sevel_Nord" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevel Nord">Sevel Nord</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sevel_Sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevel Sud">Sevel Sud</a>. Peugeot and Fiat's Argentine operations were also joined under the name of <a href="/wiki/Sevel_Argentina" title="Sevel Argentina">Sevel Argentina</a> S.A. (<i>Sociedad Europea de Vehículos para Latinoamérica</i>), although Fiat withdrew from Sevel in 1995. Currently Sevel builds the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Ducato" title="Fiat Ducato">Fiat Ducato</a>, Peugeot Boxer, and Citroën Jumper. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dongfeng_Peugeot-Citroën_Automobile"><span id="Dongfeng_Peugeot-Citro.C3.ABn_Automobile"></span>Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Peugeot-Citro%C3%ABn" title="Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën">Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën</a></div> <p>The joint venture with the Chinese company <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Motor_Corporation" title="Dongfeng Motor Corporation">Dongfeng Motor Corporation</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Motor_Group" title="Dongfeng Motor Group">Dongfeng Motor Group</a>) was established in 1992 and produces the <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_C-Triomphe" title="Citroën C-Triomphe">Citroën C-Triomphe</a>, 207, 307 and 408 models at factories in <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peugeot_Citroën_Mitsubishi_Automotive_Rus"><span id="Peugeot_Citro.C3.ABn_Mitsubishi_Automotive_Rus"></span>Peugeot Citroën Mitsubishi Automotive Rus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Peugeot Citroën Mitsubishi Automotive Rus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kaluga" title="Kaluga">Kaluga</a> factory was built by the Russian-based joint venture between PSA Peugeot Citroën (70%) and <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors" title="Mitsubishi Motors">Mitsubishi Motors</a> (30%) established in 2011. The site builds the <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Outlander" title="Mitsubishi Outlander">Mitsubishi Outlander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pajero_Sport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pajero Sport">Pajero Sport</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_308" title="Peugeot 308">Peugeot 308</a> and <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_C4" title="Citroën C4">Citroën C4</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_Jumpy" title="Citroën Jumpy">Peugeot Expert and Citroën Jumpy</a> are built on site. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IKAP_(Iran_Khodro_Automobiles_Peugeot)"><span id="IKAP_.28Iran_Khodro_Automobiles_Peugeot.29"></span>IKAP (Iran Khodro Automobiles Peugeot)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: IKAP (Iran Khodro Automobiles Peugeot)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/IKAP" title="IKAP">IKAP</a></div> <p>The joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Iran_Khodro" title="Iran Khodro">Iran Khodro</a> was established in 2016 and produces some Peugeot models and imports other models in CBU for Iran market.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> IKAP is a 50–50 joint venture with the Iran Khodro, based in <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="B-Parts">B-Parts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: B-Parts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, PSA Aftermarket, the post-sales division of the PSA Group, expanded its operations in the circular economy by acquiring <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.b-parts.com">B-Parts</a>, a platform specializing in the sale of used car parts. This move aligned with the group's "3R" strategy—repair, reuse, and remanufacture—focusing on sustainable automotive solutions. The acquisition also aimed to support PSA Aftermarket's goal of tripling its revenue from circular economy initiatives between 2018 and 2023, aligning with its sustainability goals.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_interests">Other interests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Other interests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2008, the company investigated the option to buy <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors" title="Mitsubishi Motors">Mitsubishi Motors</a> but a deal could not be concluded and was called off in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One outcome of the talks resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Outlander" title="Mitsubishi Outlander">Mitsubishi Outlander</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_i-MiEV" title="Mitsubishi i-MiEV">Mitsubishi i-MiEV</a> to be sold as Peugeot and Citroën in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-autonews.com_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autonews.com-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_joint_ventures">Former joint ventures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Former joint ventures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn_Automobile_Czech" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Peugeot Citroën Automobile Czech">Toyota Peugeot Citroën Automobile Czech</a>, the 2002 joint venture with PSA and <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> for the development and manufacturing of a series of <a href="/wiki/City_car" class="mw-redirect" title="City car">city cars</a> in a new factory in the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> was signed. The resulting company is called TPCA (<i><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn_Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Peugeot Citroën Automobile">Toyota Peugeot Citroën Automobile</a></i>). It manufactures the <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_C1" title="Citroën C1">Citroën C1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_108" title="Peugeot 108">Peugeot 108</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Aygo" title="Toyota Aygo">Toyota Aygo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This joint venture was ended in late 2020 and has been takeover by Toyota in early 2021.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou_Peugeot_Automobile_Company" title="Guangzhou Peugeot Automobile Company">Guangzhou Peugeot Automobile Company</a> (GPAC) was in operation from 1985 to 1997<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and produced the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_504" title="Peugeot 504">Peugeot 504</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_505" title="Peugeot 505">505</a>.</li> <li>In 2011, PSA Peugeot Citroën and <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> agreed to establish BMW Peugeot Citroën Electrification as an equal joint venture to develop and manufacture hybrid components including battery packs, generators, power electronics and chargers, and software for hybrid systems.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company was dissolved with the end of 2012 due to the alliance of PSA Peugeot Citroën with General Motors.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changan_PSA" title="Changan PSA">Changan PSA</a> was a 50–50 joint venture with the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an_Automobile_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Chang'an Automobile Group">Chang'an Automobile Group</a>, based in <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a> with an initial annual production capacity of 200,000 vehicles & engines.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It produces cars of the <a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS Automobiles</a> brand. In 2020, CAPSA was dissolved following the sale of each 50% stake of PSA and Changan to <a href="/wiki/Baoneng_Group" title="Baoneng Group">Baoneng Group</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Locations">Locations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Head_office">Head office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Head office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The head office of PSA Group is located in Rueil-Malmaison.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group has been renting the building since 2017, right after its construction.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is 16,250-square-metre (174,900 sq ft) and was housing around 700 employees in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, Peugeot Motor Company PLC is a wholly owned United Kingdom subsidiary of PSA Peugeot Citroën that operates the Peugeot UK, Citroën UK, and DS Automobile brands. Peugeot UK's retail arm is Robins & Day which was part of <a href="/wiki/Rootes_Group" title="Rootes Group">Rootes Group</a> before becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Peugeot Motor Company PLC in 1970. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_locations">Other locations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Other locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PSA has a number of manufacturing and development sites around the world. <a href="/wiki/Vigo" title="Vigo">Vigo</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a>, has PSA's biggest factory in the world. The <a href="/wiki/PSA_Mangualde_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="PSA Mangualde Plant">PSA Mangualde Plant</a> in Portugal produced its millionth vehicle in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PSA invested <span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>4 billion to establish a new plant in <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group announced on 29 November 2016 at Tunisia's investment conference 2020 it will open a factory plant in the country in mid-2018. The factory will have a planned annual production of 1,200 units.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2018, Groupe PSA had chosen to establish its new North American headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a> after a yearlong, nationwide search to find the optimal balance of business environment, standard of living and workforce.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, with Groupe PSA's 2021 merger with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles to form Stellantis, plans to bring the Peugeot brand back to North America were cancelled in favour of focusing on FCA's existing American brands <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vehicles">Vehicles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_vehicles_and_innovations">Notable vehicles and innovations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Notable vehicles and innovations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hybrid_Air">Hybrid Air</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Hybrid Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peugeot_2008_HYbrid_air_SAO_2014_0299.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Peugeot_2008_HYbrid_air_SAO_2014_0299.JPG/220px-Peugeot_2008_HYbrid_air_SAO_2014_0299.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Peugeot_2008_HYbrid_air_SAO_2014_0299.JPG/330px-Peugeot_2008_HYbrid_air_SAO_2014_0299.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Peugeot_2008_HYbrid_air_SAO_2014_0299.JPG/440px-Peugeot_2008_HYbrid_air_SAO_2014_0299.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Peugeot 2008 HYbrid air cutaway exhibited at the Salão Internacional do Automóvel 2014, São Paulo, Brazil</figcaption></figure> <p>PSA Group exhibited the "Hybrid Air" engine, an experimental <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_engine#Petro-hydraulic_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hybrid engine">petro-hydraulic hybrid</a>, at the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Motor_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Motor Show">Geneva Motor Show</a>. The engine is the result of a secret development project involving about 100 people. The basic technology is not new—it has been used in heavy vehicles such as garbage trucks or buses which frequently start and stop—but its application to passenger cars is.<sup id="cite_ref-OG032313_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OG032313-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vehicle uses nitrogen gas compressed by energy harvested from braking or deceleration to power a hydraulic drive which supplements power from its conventional gasoline engine. The hydraulic and electronic components were supplied by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bosch_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Bosch GmbH">Robert Bosch GmbH</a>. Production versions were scheduled for 2015 or 2016 to sell at about US$25,000 or £17,000. Mileage was estimated to be about 3.5 L/100 km or 80 miles per gallon for city driving if installed in a <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_C3" title="Citroën C3">Citroën C3</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT030113_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT030113-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards">Awards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peugeot and Citroën have won many awards for their vehicles including: ten times the <a href="/wiki/European_Car_of_the_Year" title="European Car of the Year">European Car of the Year</a> award, 12 times the "Car of the year" <i>Auto Europa</i> award in Italy, 18 times the "car of the year" in Spain, and five times the "Irish Car of the Year" award. </p><p>European Car of the Year award winners:<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1969 – <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_504" title="Peugeot 504">Peugeot 504</a></li> <li>1971 – <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_GS" title="Citroën GS">Citroën GS</a></li> <li>1975 – <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_CX" title="Citroën CX">Citroën CX</a></li> <li>1988 – <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_405" title="Peugeot 405">Peugeot 405</a></li> <li>1990 – <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_XM" title="Citroën XM">Citroën XM</a></li> <li>2002 – <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_307" title="Peugeot 307">Peugeot 307</a></li> <li>2014 – <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_308" title="Peugeot 308">Peugeot 308 II</a><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2017 – <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_3008#Second_generation_(P84;_2016)" title="Peugeot 3008">Peugeot 3008 II</a></li> <li>2020 – <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_208" title="Peugeot 208">Peugeot 208 II</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manufacturers_by_motor_vehicle_production" title="List of manufacturers by motor vehicle production">List of manufacturers by motor vehicle production</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PSA+Peugeot+Citro%C3%ABn&rft.atitle=China+%3A+Wuhan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psa-peugeot-citroen.com%2Fen%2Fpsa_group%2Ffiche_nom_b5.php%3Fid%3D106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101209091908/http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en/psa_espace/press_releases_details_d1.php?id=1085">"PSA Peugeot Citroën and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation begin production at their jointly owned plant in Kaluga"</a>. <i>PSA Peugeot Citroën press release</i>. 23 April 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en/psa_espace/press_releases_details_d1.php?id=1085">the original</a> on 9 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PSA+Peugeot+Citro%C3%ABn+press+release&rft.atitle=PSA+Peugeot+Citro%C3%ABn+and+Mitsubishi+Motors+Corporation+begin+production+at+their+jointly+owned+plant+in+Kaluga&rft.date=2010-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psa-peugeot-citroen.com%2Fen%2Fpsa_espace%2Fpress_releases_details_d1.php%3Fid%3D1085&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irankhodro.ir/en/News.aspx?ID=18877">"IKCO-Peugeot Joint Venture (IKAP) Starts Working"</a>. <i>IKCO news</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IKCO+news&rft.atitle=IKCO-Peugeot+Joint+Venture+%28IKAP%29+Starts+Working&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irankhodro.ir%2Fen%2FNews.aspx%3FID%3D18877&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jornaldenegocios.pt/empresas/automovel/detalhe/psa-compra-empresa-de-pecas-portuguesa-amanha-global">"PSA compra empresa de peças automóveis portuguesa B-Parts"</a>. 23 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PSA+compra+empresa+de+pe%C3%A7as+autom%C3%B3veis+portuguesa+B-Parts&rft.date=2020-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jornaldenegocios.pt%2Fempresas%2Fautomovel%2Fdetalhe%2Fpsa-compra-empresa-de-pecas-portuguesa-amanha-global&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160507030001/http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/988479664EC45066CA2576E300186C20">"Mitsubishi left at the altar – again"</a>. <i>Go Auto</i>. 11 March 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/988479664EC45066CA2576E300186C20">the original</a> on 7 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Go+Auto&rft.atitle=Mitsubishi+left+at+the+altar+%E2%80%93+again&rft.date=2010-03-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goauto.com.au%2Fmellor%2Fmellor.nsf%2Fstory2%2F988479664EC45066CA2576E300186C20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autonews.com-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autonews.com_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence_J._Speer2009" class="citation web cs1">Lawrence J. Speer (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20090302/ANE02/903020299/1018">"PSA to launch electric cars next year"</a>. <i>autonews.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=autonews.com&rft.atitle=PSA+to+launch+electric+cars+next+year&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Lawrence+J.+Speer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autonews.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D%2F20090302%2FANE02%2F903020299%2F1018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tpca.cz/en/about-us/tpca-s-milestones">"About us"</a>. <i>TPCA website</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TPCA+website&rft.atitle=About+us&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tpca.cz%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2Ftpca-s-milestones&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308133627/http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/document/presse_dossier/DP%20Chine%20GB1284996330.pdf">"China Press Kit – September 2010"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>PSA Peugeot Citroën</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/document/presse_dossier/DP%20Chine%20GB1284996330.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PSA+Peugeot+Citro%C3%ABn&rft.atitle=China+Press+Kit+%E2%80%93+September+2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psa-peugeot-citroen.com%2Fdocument%2Fpresse_dossier%2FDP%2520Chine%2520GB1284996330.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120518170424/http://www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/nav/index.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmwgroup.com%2Fbmwgroup_prod%2Fe%2F0_0_www_bmwgroup_com%2Finvestor_relations%2Fcorporate_news%2Fnews%2F2011%2FPSA_Februar_2011.html">"BMW Group and PSA Peugeot Citroën Create Joint Venture to Enhance Cooperation on Hybrid Technologies"</a>. <i>BMW Press release</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/nav/index.html?http://www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/0_0_www_bmwgroup_com/investor_relations/corporate_news/news/2011/PSA_Februar_2011.html">the original</a> on 18 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BMW+Press+release&rft.atitle=BMW+Group+and+PSA+Peugeot+Citro%C3%ABn+Create+Joint+Venture+to+Enhance+Cooperation+on+Hybrid+Technologies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmwgroup.com%2Fbmwgroup_prod%2Fe%2Fnav%2Findex.html%3Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmwgroup.com%2Fbmwgroup_prod%2Fe%2F0_0_www_bmwgroup_com%2Finvestor_relations%2Fcorporate_news%2Fnews%2F2011%2FPSA_Februar_2011.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/document/publication/Presentation%20Results%20H1%202011_VA_DEF%5B1%5D1311756269.pdf">"FIRST HALF RESULTS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>2011 FIRST HALF RESULTS – July 27th, 2011</i>. PSA Peugeot Citroën<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2011+FIRST+HALF+RESULTS+%E2%80%93+July+27th%2C+2011&rft.atitle=FIRST+HALF+RESULTS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psa-peugeot-citroen.com%2Fdocument%2Fpublication%2FPresentation%2520Results%2520H1%25202011_VA_DEF%255B1%255D1311756269.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.groupe-psa.com/en/contact/">"Contact - Groupe PSA"</a>. <i>Groupe PSA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Groupe+PSA&rft.atitle=Contact+-+Groupe+PSA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.groupe-psa.com%2Fen%2Fcontact%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFmagazine2017" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">magazine, Le Point (1 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lepoint.fr/economie/fin-d-une-epoque-pour-psa-qui-quitte-son-siege-historique-de-paris-01-09-2017-2153831_28.php">"Fin d'une époque pour PSA qui quitte son siège historique de Paris"</a>. <i>Le Point</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Point&rft.atitle=Fin+d%27une+%C3%A9poque+pour+PSA+qui+quitte+son+si%C3%A8ge+historique+de+Paris&rft.date=2017-09-01&rft.aulast=magazine&rft.aufirst=Le+Point&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lepoint.fr%2Feconomie%2Ffin-d-une-epoque-pour-psa-qui-quitte-son-siege-historique-de-paris-01-09-2017-2153831_28.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leparisien.fr/rueil-malmaison-92500/rueil-malmaison-700-salaries-du-groupe-psa-investissent-leur-nouveau-qg-31-08-2017-7225674.php">"Rueil-Malmaison : 700 salariés du groupe PSA investissent leur nouveau QG"</a>. <i>leparisien.fr</i> (in French). 31 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=leparisien.fr&rft.atitle=Rueil-Malmaison+%3A+700+salari%C3%A9s+du+groupe+PSA+investissent+leur+nouveau+QG&rft.date=2017-08-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leparisien.fr%2Frueil-malmaison-92500%2Frueil-malmaison-700-salaries-du-groupe-psa-investissent-leur-nouveau-qg-31-08-2017-7225674.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180416073619/http://www.lusomotores.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=26391:psa-de-mangualde-produz-unidade-1-000-000&catid=312&Itemid=159">"PSA de Mangualde produz unidade 1.000.000"</a>. <i>www.lusomotores.com</i> (in Portuguese). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lusomotores.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=26391:psa-de-mangualde-produz-unidade-1-000-000&catid=312&Itemid=159">the original</a> on 16 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lusomotores.com&rft.atitle=PSA+de+Mangualde+produz+unidade+1.000.000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lusomotores.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D26391%3Apsa-de-mangualde-produz-unidade-1-000-000%26catid%3D312%26Itemid%3D159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/auto/automobiles/peugeot-to-set-up-rs-4000-cr-plant-in-tamil-nadu/articleshow/9046813.cms">"Peugeot to set up Rs 4,000-cr plant in Tamil Nadu"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 30 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Peugeot+to+set+up+Rs+4%2C000-cr+plant+in+Tamil+Nadu&rft.date=2011-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Fnews-by-industry%2Fauto%2Fautomobiles%2Fpeugeot-to-set-up-rs-4000-cr-plant-in-tamil-nadu%2Farticleshow%2F9046813.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.groupe-psa.com/en/press-releases/international/psa-group-bolsters-its-commitment-to-tunisia">"PSA Group bolsters its commitment to Tunisia"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=PSA+Group+bolsters+its+commitment+to+Tunisia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.groupe-psa.com%2Fen%2Fpress-releases%2Finternational%2Fpsa-group-bolsters-its-commitment-to-tunisia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180123005896/en/Groupe-PSA-Chooses-Atlanta-North-American-Headquarters">"Groupe PSA Chooses Atlanta for its North American Headquarters"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Groupe+PSA+Chooses+Atlanta+for+its+North+American+Headquarters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesswire.com%2Fnews%2Fhome%2F20180123005896%2Fen%2FGroupe-PSA-Chooses-Atlanta-North-American-Headquarters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeresford2021" class="citation web cs1">Beresford, Colin (8 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a35473579/peugeot-no-us-plans-stellantis/">"Stellantis Confirms Peugeot Not Coming to U.S., Focus to Be on Alfa, Chrysler"</a>. Car and Driver<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stellantis+Confirms+Peugeot+Not+Coming+to+U.S.%2C+Focus+to+Be+on+Alfa%2C+Chrysler&rft.pub=Car+and+Driver&rft.date=2021-03-08&rft.aulast=Beresford&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.caranddriver.com%2Fnews%2Fa35473579%2Fpeugeot-no-us-plans-stellantis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OG032313-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OG032313_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTim_Lewis2013" class="citation news cs1">Tim Lewis (23 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/mar/24/peugeot-hybrid-air-car-future">"Peugeot's Hybrid Air: the car of the future that runs on air"</a>. <i>The Observer The Guardian</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer+The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Peugeot%27s+Hybrid+Air%3A+the+car+of+the+future+that+runs+on+air&rft.date=2013-03-23&rft.au=Tim+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2013%2Fmar%2F24%2Fpeugeot-hybrid-air-car-future&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT030113-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT030113_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Jolly2013" class="citation news cs1">David Jolly (1 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/03/automobiles/compressing-gas-for-a-cheaper-simpler-hybrid.html">"Compressing Gas for a Cheaper, Simpler Hybrid"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Compressing+Gas+for+a+Cheaper%2C+Simpler+Hybrid&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.au=David+Jolly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F03%2F03%2Fautomobiles%2Fcompressing-gas-for-a-cheaper-simpler-hybrid.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caroftheyear.org">"European Car of the Year webpage"</a>. Caroftheyear.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=European+Car+of+the+Year+webpage&rft.pub=Caroftheyear.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caroftheyear.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/motor-shows/geneva-motor-show/10673573/Peugeots-308-wins-2014-Car-of-the-Year.html">"Peugeot's 308 wins 2014 Car of the Year"</a></span>. The Telegraph. 3 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/motor-shows/geneva-motor-show/10673573/Peugeots-308-wins-2014-Car-of-the-Year.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peugeot%27s+308+wins+2014+Car+of+the+Year&rft.pub=The+Telegraph&rft.date=2014-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fmotoring%2Fmotor-shows%2Fgeneva-motor-show%2F10673573%2FPeugeots-308-wins-2014-Car-of-the-Year.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APSA+Group" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Groupe_PSA_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Groupe_PSA_logo.svg/100px-Groupe_PSA_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Groupe_PSA_logo.svg/150px-Groupe_PSA_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Groupe_PSA_logo.svg/200px-Groupe_PSA_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_engine" title="Prince engine">Prince engine</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2004–2021)</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2021–present)</span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Motor_Group" title="Dongfeng Motor Group">Dongfeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2012–2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors" title="Mitsubishi Motors">Mitsubishi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999–2011)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2004–2021)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Automobile engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ford_DLD_engine" title="Ford DLD engine">Ford DLD engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_engine" title="Prince engine">Prince engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V6_PRV_engine" title="V6 PRV engine">PRV engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_ES/L_engine" title="PSA ES/L engine">PSA ES/L engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_EW/DW_engine" title="PSA EW/DW engine">PSA EW/DW engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_TU_engine" title="PSA TU engine">PSA TU engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA-Renault_X-Type_engine" title="PSA-Renault X-Type engine">PSA X engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_XU_engine" title="PSA XU engine">PSA XU engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_XUD_engine" title="PSA XUD engine">PSA XUD engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturing plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Mulhouse_Plant" title="Stellantis Mulhouse Plant">Mulhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Poissy_Plant" title="Stellantis Poissy Plant">Poissy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Rennes_Plant" title="Stellantis Rennes Plant">Rennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Sochaux_Plant" title="Stellantis Sochaux Plant">Sochaux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former or defunct <br />marques or subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barreiros_(manufacturer)" title="Barreiros (manufacturer)">Barreiros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citer_SA" title="Citer SA">Citer SA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commer" title="Commer">Commer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillman" title="Hillman">Hillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_Limited" title="Humber Limited">Humber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karrier" title="Karrier">Karrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel_Argentina" title="Sevel Argentina">Sevel Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singer_Motors" title="Singer Motors">Singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Motor_Car_Company" title="Sunbeam Motor Car Company">Sunbeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Talbot (automobile)">Talbot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automoto" title="Automoto">Automoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Streiff" title="Christian Streiff">Christian Streiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_PSA_engines" title="List of PSA engines">PSA engines list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel" title="Sevel">Sevel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:PSA_Group" title="Category:PSA Group">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Groupe_PSA" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Groupe PSA">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Stellantis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stellantis" title="Template:Stellantis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stellantis" title="Template talk:Stellantis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stellantis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stellantis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stellantis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler Group LLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_S.p.A." title="Fiat S.p.A.">Fiat S.p.A.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">PSA Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/100px-Stellantis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/150px-Stellantis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/200px-Stellantis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="108" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Elkann" title="John Elkann">John Elkann</a> (chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Tavares" title="Carlos Tavares">Carlos Tavares</a> (CEO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abarth" title="Abarth">Abarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Professional" title="Fiat Professional">Professional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancia" title="Lancia">Lancia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maserati" title="Maserati">Maserati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries /<br />joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comau" title="Comau">Comau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_Bank" title="FCA Bank">FCA Bank</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKAP" title="IKAP">IKAP</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leapmotor" title="Leapmotor">Leapmotor</a> (20%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopar" title="Mopar">Mopar</a></li> <li><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_Components_and_Modules_Automotive" class="extiw" title="it:Plastic Components and Modules Automotive">PCMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel" title="Sevel">Sevel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_Now" title="Share Now">Share Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teksid" title="Teksid">Teksid</a> (85%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofa%C5%9F" title="Tofaş">Tofaş</a> (38%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_Motori" title="VM Motori">VM Motori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Argentina" title="Stellantis Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Australia" title="Fiat Chrysler Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Canada" title="Stellantis Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Europe" title="Stellantis Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_India_Automobiles" title="FCA India Automobiles">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Ireland" title="Fiat Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellantis Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Serbia" title="Fiat Serbia">Serbia</a> (67%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Factory<br />locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Wien" title="Opel Wien">Aspern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel#Sevel_Sud" title="Sevel">Atessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belvidere_Assembly_Plant" title="Belvidere Assembly Plant">Belvidere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Assembly" title="Brampton Assembly">Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usine_Stellantis_de_Buenos_Aires" class="extiw" title="fr:Usine Stellantis de Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_Cassino_Plant" title="Alfa Romeo Cassino Plant">Cassino</a></li> <li>Detroit <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Assembly_Complex_%E2%80%93_Jefferson" title="Detroit Assembly Complex – Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Assembly_Complex_%E2%80%93_Mack" title="Detroit Assembly Complex – Mack">Mack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Engine_Plant" title="Dundee Engine Plant">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Eisenach" title="Opel Eisenach">Eisenach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Ellesmere_Port" title="Vauxhall Ellesmere Port">Ellesmere Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figueruelas" title="Figueruelas">Figueruelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Manufacturing_Poland" title="Opel Manufacturing Poland">Gliwice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel#Sevel_Nord" title="Sevel">Hordain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Transmission" title="Indiana Transmission">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Kenitra_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="PSA Kenitra plant">Kenitra</a></li> <li>Kokomo <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kokomo_Casting" title="Kokomo Casting">Casting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokomo_Transmission" title="Kokomo Transmission">Transmission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Serbia#Plant" title="Fiat Serbia">Kragujevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBC_Vehicles" title="IBC Vehicles">Luton</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usine_PSA_de_Madrid" class="extiw" title="fr:Usine PSA de Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Mangualde_Plant" title="Stellantis Mangualde Plant">Mangualde</a></li> <li>Turin <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Mirafiori" title="Fiat Mirafiori">Mirafiori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Mulhouse_Plant" title="Stellantis Mulhouse Plant">Mulhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Poissy_Plant" title="Stellantis Poissy Plant">Poissy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_Pomigliano_d%27Arco_plant" title="Alfa Romeo Pomigliano d'Arco plant">Pomigliano d'Arco</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usine_PSA_de_Porto_Real" class="extiw" title="fr:Usine PSA de Porto Real">Porto Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCsselsheim_am_Main" title="Rüsselsheim am Main">Rüsselsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Rennes_Plant" title="Stellantis Rennes Plant">Rennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltillo_Engine_Plant" title="Saltillo Engine Plant">Saltillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Sochaux_Plant" title="Stellantis Sochaux Plant">Sochaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Heights_Assembly" title="Sterling Heights Assembly">Sterling Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Szentgotth%C3%A1rd" title="Opel Szentgotthárd">Szentgotthárd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Complex" title="Toledo Complex">Toledo Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Machining" title="Toledo Machining">Toledo Machining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluca_Car_Assembly" title="Toluca Car Assembly">Toluca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton_Engine_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Trenton Engine Plant">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Trnava_Plant" title="Stellantis Trnava Plant">Trnava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Manufacturing_Poland" title="Opel Manufacturing Poland">Tychy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Vigo_Plant" title="Stellantis Vigo Plant">Vigo</a></li> <li>Warren <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Stamping_Plant" title="Warren Stamping Plant">Stamping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Truck_Assembly" title="Warren Truck Assembly">Truck Assembly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Assembly" title="Windsor Assembly">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center" title="Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center">Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Aventure_Peugeot" title="Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot">Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellantis Heritage">Stellantis Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stellantis_vehicles" title="List of Stellantis vehicles">Stellantis vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stellantis_platforms" title="List of Stellantis platforms">Stellantis platforms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Stellantis" title="Category:Stellantis">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stellantis" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Stellantis">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Talbot" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Talbot" title="Template:Talbot"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Talbot" title="Template talk:Talbot"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Talbot" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Talbot"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Talbot" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Talbot" title="Talbot">Talbot</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Automobile brand (1903–1995)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Owner companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment-Talbot" title="Clément-Talbot">Clément-Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rootes_Group" title="Rootes Group">Rootes Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam-Talbot" title="Sunbeam-Talbot">Sunbeam-Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Talbot_France" title="Automobiles Talbot France">Automobiles Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot-Lago" title="Talbot-Lago">Talbot-Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">PSA Group</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Talbot_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Talbot_Logo.png/60px-Talbot_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Talbot_Logo.png/90px-Talbot_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Talbot_Logo.png/120px-Talbot_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_Baby" title="Talbot Baby">Baby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_Lago_Record" title="Talbot Lago Record">Lago Record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_Lago_Sport" title="Talbot Lago Sport">Lago Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_Type_T4_%22Minor%22" title="Talbot Type T4 "Minor"">Type T4 Minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot-Lago_T26C" title="Talbot-Lago T26C">T26C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Chetwynd-Talbot,_20th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury" title="Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 20th Earl of Shrewsbury">Charles Chetwynd-Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Lago" title="Antonio Lago">Antonio Lago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Figoni_et_Falaschi" title="Figoni et Falaschi">Figoni et Falaschi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Talbot" title="Category:Talbot">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Talbot_vehicles" title="Category:Talbot vehicles">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=France&#124;link=France_Automotive_industry_in_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_industry_in_France" title="Template:Automotive industry in France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_industry_in_France" title="Template talk:Automotive industry in France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_industry_in_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive industry in France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=France&#124;link=France_Automotive_industry_in_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_France" title="Automotive industry in France">Automotive industry in France</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">Economy of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_France" title="Transport in France">Transport in France</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: ;">Manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aixam" title="Aixam">Aixam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auverland" title="Auverland">Auverland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Chatenet" title="Automobiles Chatenet">Automobiles Chatenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellier" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellier">Bellier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollor%C3%A9" title="Bolloré">Bolloré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Automobiles" title="Bugatti Automobiles">Bugatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Group" title="Mercedes-Benz Group">Mercedes-Benz Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smartville,_Hambach,_France" title="Smartville, Hambach, France">Smart France</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_La_Chapelle" title="De La Chapelle">De La Chapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delage" title="Delage">Delage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exagon_Engineering" title="Exagon Engineering">Exagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genty_Akylone" title="Genty Akylone">Genty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iveco_Bus" title="Iveco Bus">Iveco Bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heuliez_Bus" title="Heuliez Bus">Heuliez Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligier" title="Ligier">Ligier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microcar_(brand)" title="Microcar (brand)">Microcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motob%C3%A9cane" title="Motobécane">Motobécane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexter" class="mw-redirect" title="Nexter">Nexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navya_SAS" title="Navya SAS">Navya SAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norma_Auto_Concept" title="Norma Auto Concept">Norma Auto Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGO_(Automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="PGO (Automobile)">PGO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_Vehicle_Innovation" title="Power Vehicle Innovation">PVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Groupe Renault</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Alpine" title="Automobiles Alpine">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renault_Trucks" title="Renault Trucks">Renault Trucks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACMAT" title="ACMAT">ACMAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arquus" class="mw-redirect" title="Arquus">Arquus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhard" title="Panhard">Panhard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorpa" title="Scorpa">Scorpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SECMA" title="SECMA">SECMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_Manufacturing_France" title="Toyota Motor Manufacturing France">Toyota Motor Manufacturing France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y.O_Concept" title="Y.O Concept">Y.O Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venturi_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venturi (automobile)">Venturi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerocarene" title="Aerocarene">Aerocarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACMA_(Ateliers_de_construction_de_motocycles_et_d%27automobiles)" class="mw-redirect" title="ACMA (Ateliers de construction de motocycles et d'automobiles)">ACMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACOMA_(Ateliers_de_Construction_de_Mat%C3%A9riaux)" class="mw-redirect" title="ACOMA (Ateliers de Construction de Matériaux)">ACOMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amilcar" title="Amilcar">Amilcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avions_Voisin" title="Avions Voisin">Avions Voisin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollack_Netter_and_Co" title="Bollack Netter and Co">BNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berliet" title="Berliet">Berliet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellanger_(automobile)" title="Bellanger (automobile)">Bellanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bignan_(automobile)" title="Bignan (automobile)">Bignan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delahaye" title="Delahaye">Delahaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facel_Vega" title="Facel Vega">Facel Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_SAF" title="Ford SAF">Ford SAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heuliez" title="Heuliez">Heuliez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hommell" title="Hommell">Hommell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Hotchkiss" title="Automobiles Hotchkiss">Hotchkiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorraine-Dietrich" title="Lorraine-Dietrich">Lorraine-Dietrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumeneo_Neoma" title="Lumeneo Neoma">Lumeneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Marathon" title="Automobiles Marathon">Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matford" title="Matford">Matford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathis_(automobile)" title="Mathis (automobile)">Mathis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mia_electric" title="Mia electric">Mia electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monica_(automobile)" title="Monica (automobile)">Monica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mors_(automobile)" title="Mors (automobile)">Mors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPM_Motors" title="MPM Motors">MPM Motors</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">PSA Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_L._Rosengart" title="Automobiles L. Rosengart">Rosengart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_des_Automobiles_Pilain_(SAP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Société des Automobiles Pilain (SAP)">SAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmson" title="Salmson">Salmson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saviem" title="Saviem">Saviem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEAB_(Societe_d%27Exploitation_et_d%27Application_des_Brevet)" class="mw-redirect" title="SEAB (Societe d'Exploitation et d'Application des Brevet)">SEAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matra" title="Matra">Matra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Ren%C3%A9_Bonnet" title="Automobiles René Bonnet">René Bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Talbot (automobile)">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DB_(car)" title="DB (car)">Deutsch-Bonnet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot-Lago" title="Talbot-Lago">Talbot-Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venturi_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venturi (automobile)">Venturi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: ;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electricfil" class="mw-redirect" title="Electricfil">Electricfil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faurecia" title="Faurecia">Faurecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPmobility" title="OPmobility">OPmobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot GTI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot_Sport" title="Peugeot Sport">Peugeot Sport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renault_Sport" title="Renault Sport">Renault Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gordini" title="Gordini">Gordini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodemo_Moteurs" title="Sodemo Moteurs">Sodemo Moteurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeo" title="Valeo">Valeo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: ;">Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RCI_Banque" title="RCI Banque">RCI Banque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: ;">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_de_l%27Automobile" title="Cité de l'Automobile">Cité de l'Automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Aventure_Peugeot" title="Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot">Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Automobile_Reims_Champagne" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée Automobile Reims Champagne">Musée Automobile Reims Champagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renault_Classic" title="Renault Classic">Renault Classic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: ;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_Internationale_des_Constructeurs_d%27Automobiles" title="Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles">Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Motor_Show" title="Paris Motor Show">Paris Motor Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9tromobile" title="Rétromobile">Rétromobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_NCAP" title="Euro NCAP">Euro NCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="24 Hours of Le Mans">24 Hours of Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Grand_Prix" title="French Grand Prix">French Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoroutes_of_France" title="Autoroutes of France">Autoroutes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_France" title="Category:Automotive industry in France">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_France" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Automotive industry in France">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275623#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275623#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275623#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121690918">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/168057723">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/139104784">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4510356-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78067062">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11866896f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11866896f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="P.S.A. Peugeot-Citroën"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2009541298&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Société anonyme André Citroën"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20091005001&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1279747">Portugal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026418126">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style 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portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/21px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/42px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/19px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/29px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/38px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies</a></li></ul></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&oldid=1259087352">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PSA_Group&oldid=1259087352</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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href="/wiki/Category:Motor_vehicle_manufacturers_of_France" title="Category:Motor vehicle manufacturers of France">Motor vehicle manufacturers of France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Motor_vehicle_engine_manufacturers" title="Category:Motor vehicle engine manufacturers">Motor vehicle engine manufacturers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conglomerate_companies_established_in_1976" title="Category:Conglomerate companies established in 1976">Conglomerate companies established in 1976</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vehicle_manufacturing_companies_established_in_1976" title="Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1976">Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1976</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vehicle_manufacturing_companies_disestablished_in_2021" title="Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 2021">Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government-owned_companies_of_France" title="Category:Government-owned companies of France">Government-owned companies of France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_companies_established_in_1976" title="Category:French companies established in 1976">French companies established in 1976</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_companies_disestablished_in_2021" title="Category:French companies disestablished in 2021">French companies disestablished in 2021</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Flemish-language_sources_(nl-be)" title="Category:CS1 Flemish-language sources (nl-be)">CS1 Flemish-language sources (nl-be)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external 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