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18.75rem){.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:100%;}}.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding-right:3rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{padding-right:0;}}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList 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0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;pointer-events:none;opacity:0;box-sizing:border-box;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;min-width:1.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;text-align:center;margin-right:0.3125rem;}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0071F1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.625rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-1umnoc2-VerticalSeparator{display:block;border-left:0.0625rem solid #E6E8EA;height:1.5rem;margin-top:1rem;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:0.375rem;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >*{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList{padding-left:0.75rem;}.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:last-child{display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(1){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(2){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-on86pa-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(3){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 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1);}}.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FA6400;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1699avy-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;min-width:1.25rem;margin-top:-0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{min-width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{margin-top:0;min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#000000;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-j55iqz-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{padding-left:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;width:2rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;width:1.5rem;height:1.375rem;vertical-align:-0.5em;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:none;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;background:none;min-width:1.25rem;text-align:center;margin-top:-0.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#000000;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover,.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus,.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:3rem;width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink{background:#E6E8EA;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:1rem;padding:0.75rem 0.625rem;margin-left:0.5rem;min-width:11.25rem;}.ssrcss-185mh6h-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{display:none;}}.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.625rem;height:1.625rem;vertical-align:middle;color:#000000;width:1.75rem;height:1.8125rem;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1.375rem;height:1.375rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:-0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-1tt7th2-SearchText{padding-left:0.5rem;color:#000000;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1tt7th2-SearchText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer{overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-property:max-height,height;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);transition-delay:0s,0s,0.4s;transition-duration:0.4s,0.4s,0s;transition-property:max-height,height,display;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-duration:0.2s,0.2s,0s;}}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer:focus{outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu{height:0;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{visibility:visible;display:block;height:auto;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:28rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:8.125rem;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}.ssrcss-1obp207-MenuWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList:focus{outline:none;}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList>*{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-basis:50%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:50%;flex-basis:50%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList>*{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;}}@supports (display: grid){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{display:grid;grid-gap:0 0.5rem;gap:0 0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(7.5rem, 1fr));}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}}.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList>*{min-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(1){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(2){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(3){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(4){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(5){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(6){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 40.875rem){.ssrcss-s02jgx-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(7){display:none;}}.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{height:1.75rem;margin:0.25rem 0;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-webkit-box-align:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{height:3.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{padding-right:1.25rem;}}.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem:focus>*::after,.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#141414;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1lvn4fm-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#EB1212;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1wnoiuf-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FFD230;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1fmjesw-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#AAFF00;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-hvxe5w-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0068FF;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-19ognqy-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0052A1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-13pa06y-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#589E50;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1b7djp-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#482878;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1i34t88-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#002856;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-p2g31p-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#149EDC;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-mr2uyx-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FA6400;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1b3a0us-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1ejv6c9-CloseButtonWrapper{margin-top:0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:transparent;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:2px solid transparent;-webkit-transition:border-bottom 0.2s;transition:border-bottom 0.2s;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;-webkit-transition:text-decoration 0.2s;transition:text-decoration 0.2s;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active{cursor:pointer;background:#0051AD;color:#FFFFFF;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:2px solid currentcolor;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD,0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline-offset:calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem);}.ssrcss-1hfawy1-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.125rem;height:1.125rem;min-width:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}.ssrcss-12njlvq-ProductNavigationContainer{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;position:relative;}.ssrcss-1fa1ju1-Masthead{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;background:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-12x0ma7-ContentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-kpltdl-LogoWrapper{margin:0.25rem 0;}.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:auto;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none),(-ms-high-contrast: active){.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{width:100%;}}.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{display:block;padding:calc(0.75rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.625rem;fill:currentcolor;max-width:10rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(0.875rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.75rem;max-width:15.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(1rem - 0.25rem) 0;max-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-as2ggt-Navigation{border-top:0.0625rem solid #DB7F7F;}}html.no-js .ssrcss-wlpshj-MainNavBarContainer{border-bottom:0.25rem solid #B80000;}.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer .e14xdrat1 .eis6szr3:not(:last-of-type) .eis6szr2 .eis6szr1{border-right-style:solid;border-right-width:0.0625rem;border-right-color:#DB7F7F;}}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{position:absolute;right:0.5rem;top:0.25rem;background-color:transparent;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{top:0.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591{border:0.0625rem solid;border-color:#DB7F7F;}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover,.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:focus,.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active{color:#141414;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-color:transparent;}.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:relative;padding:0.5rem;cursor:pointer;color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#B80000;border:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative;left:-0.5rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}}.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:relative;break-inside:avoid;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;}}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 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.exn3ah95,.ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink:visited:hover .exn3ah95,.ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink:link:focus .exn3ah95,.ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink:visited:focus .exn3ah95{text-decoration-line:underline;text-decoration-thickness:2px;}}.ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink::after{content:'';position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;z-index:2;}.ssrcss-1sen9vx-PromoHeadline{font-family:ReithSerif,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:500;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;display:inline;}.ssrcss-z60stg-PromoImageContainer{opacity:1;}.ssrcss-17h6w1t-PromoImageContainerInner{position:relative;overflow:hidden;}.ssrcss-fec6qv-ImageWrapper{overflow:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0) scale(1);-moz-transform:translateZ(0) scale(1);-ms-transform:translateZ(0) scale(1);transform:translateZ(0) scale(1);}.ssrcss-ykosa2-OnwardJourneysContainerWrapper{box-sizing:border-box;}@media (min-width: 0rem) and (max-width: 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56.1875rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper{margin-top:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem) and (max-width: 62.9375rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper{margin-top:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 63rem) and (max-width: 79.9375rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper{margin-top:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper{margin-top:1rem;}}.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol{display:grid;-webkit-column-gap:1rem;column-gap:1rem;}@media (min-width: 0rem) and (max-width: 24.9375rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (min-width: 25rem) and (max-width: 37.4375rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem) and (max-width: 56.1875rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, 1fr);false padding-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem) and (max-width: 62.9375rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (min-width: 63rem) and (max-width: 79.9375rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper >ul >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden),.ssrcss-17tdcpg-PromoGroupWrapper ol >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:0;}.ssrcss-1020bd1-Stack{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;}.ssrcss-1020bd1-Stack >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:1rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1020bd1-Stack >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 0rem) and (max-width: 24.9375rem){.ssrcss-2pgqep-PromoItem{margin-bottom:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 25rem) and (max-width: 37.4375rem){.ssrcss-2pgqep-PromoItem{margin-bottom:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem) and (max-width: 56.1875rem){.ssrcss-2pgqep-PromoItem{margin-bottom:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem) and (max-width: 62.9375rem){.ssrcss-2pgqep-PromoItem{margin-bottom:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 63rem) and (max-width: 79.9375rem){.ssrcss-2pgqep-PromoItem{margin-bottom:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-2pgqep-PromoItem{margin-bottom:1rem;}}.ssrcss-1enzf19-PromoCompact{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1enzf19-PromoCompact .exn3ah99{-webkit-flex:1 0 auto;-ms-flex:1 0 auto;flex:1 0 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ol{display:grid;-webkit-column-gap:1rem;column-gap:1rem;}@media (min-width: 0rem) and (max-width: 24.9375rem){.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);false padding-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 25rem) and (max-width: 37.4375rem){.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);false padding-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem) and (max-width: 56.1875rem){.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, 1fr);false padding-bottom:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem) and (max-width: 62.9375rem){.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (min-width: 63rem) and (max-width: 79.9375rem){.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper >ul,.ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper ol{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (min-width: 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.exn3ah99{padding-top:0.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1v1new6-PromoContent{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.5rem!important;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1v1new6-PromoContent{padding:0.75rem!important;}}.ssrcss-1v1new6-PromoContent >*{-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;}.ssrcss-1v1new6-PromoContent >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:1rem;}.ssrcss-bbn15v-Placeholder{display:block;position:relative;background-color:#F6F6F6;padding-bottom:56.1038961038961%;}.ssrcss-11kli38-PromoGroupWrapper{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' 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>*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:0;}.ssrcss-12gm65x-PromoWithRankingContainer{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#B80000;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:calc(100% - 2rem);padding:1rem;position:relative;background:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-smcys4-Wrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:start;-webkit-box-align:start;-ms-flex-align:start;align-items:start;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1giogr2-Number{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.125;line-height:1;min-width:2.375rem;padding-right:0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1giogr2-Number{font-size:2.75rem;line-height:1.0909090909090908;}}@media (min-width: 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https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/BF5D/production/_126298984_01e18303-3252-439f-af1e-b72ac32daf42.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/BF5D/production/_126298984_01e18303-3252-439f-af1e-b72ac32daf42.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/BF5D/production/_126298984_01e18303-3252-439f-af1e-b72ac32daf42.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/BF5D/production/_126298984_01e18303-3252-439f-af1e-b72ac32daf42.jpg 976w" width="976" height="649" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>EPA</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Taliban security guards in Kabul, a year on from their triumphant return to power</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">The Taliban retook control of Afghanistan in 2021, two decades after being removed from power by a US-led military coalition.</b></p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The hardline Islamist group advanced rapidly across the country, seizing province after province before taking the capital Kabul on 15 August last year, as the Afghan military collapsed.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Foreign forces, who had agreed to leave, were stunned by the speed of the advance and had to accelerate their exit. Many Western-backed Afghan government leaders fled, while thousands of their compatriots and foreigners fearing Taliban rule scrambled to find room on flights out of the country.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Within weeks, the Taliban were in control of all of Afghanistan - something they had not managed to do in their first stint in power between 1996 and 2001.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The group had struck a deal with the Americans in 2020 for US troops to withdraw, following a bloody but ultimately successful guerrilla campaign lasting many years.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-12jfuxk-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Afghan Taliban fighters and villagers attend a gathering as they celebrate the peace deal signed between US and Taliban in Laghman Province, Alingar district on March 2, 2020." loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/10546/production/_119168866_gettyimages-1204741868.jpg 976w" width="976" height="650" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Taliban fighters pictured in Laghman Province last year as they began a lightning offensive to retake the country</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Under the deal, the Taliban committed to national peace talks, which never took place, and to preventing al-Qaeda and other militants from operating in areas that the Taliban controlled.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Following the group's return to power, Afghanistan's economy imploded, leaving a huge portion of the population struggling to find enough money to eat and to access other essentials. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Billions of dollars in Afghan assets held abroad are frozen as the international community waits for the Taliban to honour promises still to be met on security, governance and human rights, <a href="/news/world-asia-61470748" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">including allowing all girls to be educated</a>.</p></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="Rise-to-power" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">Rise to power</span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The Taliban, or "students" in the Pashto language, emerged in the early 1990s in northern Pakistan following the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">It is believed that the predominantly Pashtun movement first appeared in religious seminaries - mostly paid for by money from Saudi Arabia - which preached a hardline form of Sunni Islam.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The promise made by the Taliban - in Pashtun areas straddling Pakistan and Afghanistan - was to restore peace and security and enforce their own austere version of Sharia, or Islamic law, once in power.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-1732r8m-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Graphic showing the Taliban leadership structure" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/1280/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/13FF3/production/_119970918_taliban_leadership_structure_english_17aug_640-nc.png 976w" width="1280" height="2320" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span></div></figure></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-l5e2f3-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png.webp 624w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="1px transparent line" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/4BEB/production/_112953491__108802839_624_transparent-nc.png 624w" width="624" height="1" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span></div></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">From south-western Afghanistan, the Taliban quickly extended their influence. In September 1995, they captured the province of Herat, bordering Iran. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Exactly one year later, they captured the Afghan capital, Kabul, overthrowing the regime of President Burhanuddin Rabbani - one of the founding fathers of the Afghan mujahideen that resisted the Soviet occupation. By 1998, the Taliban were in control of almost 90% of Afghanistan.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Afghans, weary of the mujahideen's excesses and infighting after the Soviets were driven out, generally welcomed the Taliban when they first appeared on the scene. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Their early popularity was largely due to their success in stamping out corruption, curbing lawlessness and making the roads and the areas under their control safe for commerce to flourish.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">But the Taliban also introduced or supported punishments in line with their strict interpretation of Sharia law - such as public executions of convicted murderers and adulterers, as well as amputations for those found guilty of theft. Men were required to grow beards and women had to wear the all-covering burka.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The Taliban also banned television, music and cinema, and disapproved of girls aged 10 and over going to school. They were accused of various human rights and cultural abuses. One notorious example was in 2001, when the Taliban went ahead with the <a href="/news/world-asia-31813681" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">destruction of the famous Bamiyan Buddha</a> statues in central Afghanistan, despite international outrage.</p></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><div class="ssrcss-1x9m6ni-BulletListContainer e5tfeyi0"><ul role="list"><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/world-asia-61480248" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Policing faces, bodies and beards on Kabul streets</a></p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/world-asia-61363969" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Women鈥檚 faces become latest Taliban restriction</a></p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/world-asia-61805862" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Scraps of stale bread are keeping Afghans alive</a></p></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">This time round, there has been no repeat of such excesses, but the Taliban are accused of a range of well-documented abuses, including killing opponents, as well as beating and detaining journalists and Afghans protesting for their rights. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Women are no longer allowed to go on long-distance journeys without a male chaperone and, while not required to wear the burka, have been ordered to cover their faces in public. Most women are not allowed to work.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Taliban gunmen control Kandahar-Herat Highway, near Kandahar city, 31 October 2001" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Taliban gunmen controlling the Kandahar-Herat highway, near Kandahar city, 31 October 2001</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Pakistan has repeatedly denied that it was the architect of the Taliban enterprise, but there is little doubt that many Afghans who initially joined the movement were educated in madrassas (religious schools) in Pakistan.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Pakistan was also one of only three countries, along with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which recognised the Taliban when they were in power the first time round in Afghanistan. It was also the last country to break diplomatic ties with the group.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">At one point, a Pakistani offshoot of the Taliban threatened to destabilise Pakistan from areas it controlled in the north-west. One of the most high-profile and internationally condemned of all Pakistani Taliban attacks took place in October 2012, when schoolgirl <a href="/news/world-asia-19882799" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Malala Yousafzai was shot</a> on her way home in the town of Mingora.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">A major military offensive two years later following the <a href="/news/world-asia-30505448" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Peshawar school massacre</a> greatly reduced the group's influence in Pakistan, though. At least three key figures of the Pakistani Taliban had been killed in US drone strikes, including the group's leader, Hakimullah Mehsud in 2013.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Pakistani schoolgirl Malala Yousafzai was shot by Taliban gunmen in October 2012" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Schoolgirl and rights activist Malala Yousafzai was shot by Taliban gunmen in October 2012</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="AlQaeda-sanctuary" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">Al-Qaeda 'sanctuary'</span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The attention of the world was drawn to the Taliban in Afghanistan in the wake of the 11 September 2001 World Trade Center attacks in New York. The Taliban were accused of providing a sanctuary for the prime suspects, Osama Bin Laden and his al-Qaeda movement.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">On 7 October 2001, a US-led military coalition launched attacks in Afghanistan: by the first week of December, the Taliban regime had collapsed. The group's then leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar, and other senior figures, including Bin Laden, evaded capture despite one of the largest manhunts in the world. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Many senior Taliban leaders reportedly took refuge in the Pakistani city of Quetta, from where they guided the Taliban. But the existence of what was dubbed the "Quetta Shura" was denied by Islamabad.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Despite ever higher numbers of foreign troops, the Taliban gradually regained and then extended their influence in Afghanistan, rendering vast tracts of the country insecure, while violence in the country returned to levels not seen since 2001.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">There were numerous Taliban attacks on Kabul and in September 2012, the group carried out <a href="/news/world-asia-19704620" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">a high-profile raid on Nato's Camp Bastion base</a>.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Pakistani Taliban commander Hakimullah Mehsud speaks to a group of media representatives in the Mamouzai area" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>AFP</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Pakistani Taliban leader Hakimullah Mehsud was killed in a US drone strike in 2013</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Hopes of a negotiated peace were raised in 2013, when the Taliban announced plans to open an office in Qatar. But mistrust on all sides remained high and the violence went on.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">In August 2015, the Taliban admitted they had covered up Mullah Omar's death - reportedly from health problems at a hospital in Pakistan - for more than two years. The following month, the group said it had put aside weeks of infighting and rallied around a new leader, Mullah Mansour, who had been the deputy of Mullah Omar.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">At about the same time, the Taliban seized control of a provincial capital for the first time since their defeat in 2001, taking control of the strategically important city of Kunduz.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Mullah Mansour was killed in a US drone strike in May 2016 and replaced by his deputy Mawlawi Hibatullah Akhundzada, who remains in control of the group.</p></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="Seizing-power" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">Seizing power</span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">In the year following the US-Taliban peace deal of February 2020 - which was the culmination of a long spell of direct talks - the Taliban appeared to shift their tactics from complex attacks in cities and on military outposts to a <a href="/news/world-asia-56157627" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">wave of targeted assassinations that terrorised Afghan civilians</a>.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The targets - journalists, judges, peace activists, women in positions of power - suggested that the Taliban had not changed their extremist ideology, only their strategy. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Despite grave concerns from Afghan officials over the government's vulnerability to the Taliban without international support, new US President Joe Biden announced in April 2021 that all American forces would leave the country by 11 September - two decades to the day since the felling of the World Trade Center. </p></div></div><div data-component="video-block" class="ssrcss-xza2yt-ComponentWrapper ep2nwvo1"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><div data-chromatic="ignore" class="ssrcss-dtyrnv-MediaPlayerWrapper e1h75hkw4"><div data-testid="media-player-container-landscape" class="ssrcss-aaorng-MediaContainer e1h75hkw3"><div class="ssrcss-199fzb3-MediaInner e1h75hkw2"><div data-testid="bbc-logo-wrapper" class="ssrcss-1twt4cc-LogoIconWrapper e1h75hkw0"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 112 32" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M111.99999,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,32.0000444 L79.9999905,32.0000444 L79.9999905,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,4.44444577e-05 Z M72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,32 L40.0000119,32 L40.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 Z M32,-3.55271368e-15 L32,32 L-1.13686838e-13,32 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18.3252277,12.0600591 C18.3252277,12.7988371 18.0762276,13.373504 17.5786719,13.7846152 C17.0807829,14.1960598 16.3587826,14.4013932 15.4125601,14.4013932 L15.4125601,14.4013932 L12.6468927,14.4013932 L12.6468927,9.92028073 Z"></path></svg></div></div></div><noscript><div class="ssrcss-1mm7qis-ErrorMessage eitf6462"><div class="ssrcss-1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer eitf6461"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">This video can not be played</p><h2 type="normal" class="ssrcss-ad2rmd-Heading e10rt3ze0">To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser.</h2></div></div></noscript></div></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-11b8pqw-StyledFigureCaption e1xtk7to0"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Media caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Hibatullah Akhundzada is a religious scholar and he is former head of the Taliban courts</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Having outlasted a superpower through two decades of war, the Taliban began seizing vast swathes of territory, before once again toppling a government in Kabul in the wake of a foreign power withdrawing.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">They swept across Afghanistan in just 10 days, taking their first provincial capital on 6 August. By 15 August, they were at the gates of Kabul.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Their lightning advance prompted tens of thousands of people to flee their homes, many arriving in the Afghan capital, others heading for neighbouring countries.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The future for Afghans living under the Taliban's rule remains highly uncertain. While most are relieved war is over, millions are struggling to survive. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">No country has recognised the Taliban government in the year since they returned to power. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The August 2022 <a href="/news/world-asia-62393618" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">killing in a US drone attack of al-Qaeda's leader</a> Ayman al-Zawahiri in Kabul will do nothing to persuade Taliban critics that the group has turned over a new leaf.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Hardliners in the movement appear to have the upper hand on issues such as female employment, freedom of speech and secondary education for girls, meaning that desperately needed foreign-held funds are unlikely to be released any time soon.</p></div></div><div data-component="topic-list" class="ssrcss-1qmkvfu-TopicListWrapper etw6iwl1"><div class="ssrcss-113c0cq-StyledTagContainer ed0g1kj1"><div 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data-testid="promo" class="ssrcss-15ic1ob-Promo e1vyq2e80"><div class="ssrcss-1m4lri3-PromoSwitchLayoutAtBreakpoints et5qctl0"><div class="ssrcss-1d68cot-PromoContent exn3ah99"><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><a href="/news/world-asia-56741106" class="ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink exn3ah91"><span role="text"><p class="ssrcss-1sen9vx-PromoHeadline exn3ah96"><span aria-hidden="false">Afghans face pivotal moment as US 'closes the book'</span></p></span></a></div><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><div><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1ik71mx-MetadataStripContainer eh44mf03"><div class="ssrcss-13nu8ri-GroupChildrenForWrapping eh44mf02"><li role="listitem" class="ssrcss-30fcoe-MetadataStripItem eh44mf01"><div class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Published</div><div class="ssrcss-m5j4pi-MetadataContent eh44mf00"><span class="ssrcss-1pvwv4b-MetadataSnippet e4wm5bw3"><span class="ssrcss-1if1g9v-MetadataText e4wm5bw1">14 April 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eh44mf03"><div class="ssrcss-13nu8ri-GroupChildrenForWrapping eh44mf02"><li role="listitem" class="ssrcss-30fcoe-MetadataStripItem eh44mf01"><div class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Published</div><div class="ssrcss-m5j4pi-MetadataContent eh44mf00"><span class="ssrcss-1pvwv4b-MetadataSnippet e4wm5bw3"><span class="ssrcss-1if1g9v-MetadataText e4wm5bw1">28 February 2021</span></span></div></li></div></ul></div></div></div><div class="ssrcss-z60stg-PromoImageContainer en81kx34"><div class="ssrcss-17h6w1t-PromoImageContainerInner en81kx32"><div class="ssrcss-fec6qv-ImageWrapper en81kx33"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/3604/production/_117182831_20210224_ajq_kabul_afg_0117-edit.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/3604/production/_117182831_20210224_ajq_kabul_afg_0117-edit.jpg.webp 320w, 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role="text"><p class="ssrcss-1sen9vx-PromoHeadline exn3ah96"><span aria-hidden="false">US to evacuate thousands of Afghan interpreters</span></p></span></a></div><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><div><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1ik71mx-MetadataStripContainer eh44mf03"><div class="ssrcss-13nu8ri-GroupChildrenForWrapping eh44mf02"><li role="listitem" class="ssrcss-30fcoe-MetadataStripItem eh44mf01"><div class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Published</div><div class="ssrcss-m5j4pi-MetadataContent eh44mf00"><span class="ssrcss-1pvwv4b-MetadataSnippet e4wm5bw3"><span class="ssrcss-1if1g9v-MetadataText e4wm5bw1">25 June 2021</span></span></div></li></div></ul></div></div></div><div class="ssrcss-z60stg-PromoImageContainer en81kx34"><div class="ssrcss-17h6w1t-PromoImageContainerInner en81kx32"><div class="ssrcss-fec6qv-ImageWrapper en81kx33"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/C4C0/production/_119086305_gettyimages-92201413.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/C4C0/production/_119086305_gettyimages-92201413.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/C4C0/production/_119086305_gettyimages-92201413.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/C4C0/production/_119086305_gettyimages-92201413.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/C4C0/production/_119086305_gettyimages-92201413.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/C4C0/production/_119086305_gettyimages-92201413.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="US soldiers speak through an interpreter to an Afghan farmer in Khan Neshin, Afghanistan August 15, 2009" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/C4C0/production/_119086305_gettyimages-92201413.jpg" 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e10rt3ze0">More to explore</h2><div class="ssrcss-1vdnv9z-PromoGroupWrapper e1ia0oo98"><ul role="list" spacing="responsive" class="ssrcss-1020bd1-Stack e1y4nx260"><li class="ssrcss-2pgqep-PromoItem e1ia0oo97"><div data-testid="promo" class="ssrcss-15ic1ob-Promo e1vyq2e80"><div class="ssrcss-6kxrmq-PromoPortrait et3mn3r0"><div class="ssrcss-1v1new6-PromoContent exn3ah99"><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><a href="/news/articles/c6241k940n2o" class="ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink exn3ah91"><span role="text"><p class="ssrcss-1sen9vx-PromoHeadline exn3ah96"><span aria-hidden="false">Five words that changed the Sara Sharif murder trial</span></p></span></a></div></div><div class="ssrcss-z60stg-PromoImageContainer en81kx34"><div class="ssrcss-17h6w1t-PromoImageContainerInner en81kx32"><div class="ssrcss-fec6qv-ImageWrapper en81kx33"><span class="ssrcss-bbn15v-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><img alt="Sara Sharif" loading="lazy" 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Many Western-backed Afghan government leaders fled, while thousands of their compatriots and foreigners fearing Taliban rule scrambled to find room on flights out of the country.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Foreign forces, who had agreed to leave, were stunned by the speed of the advance and had to accelerate their exit. 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In September 1995, they captured the province of Herat, bordering Iran. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"From south-western Afghanistan, the Taliban quickly extended their influence. In September 1995, they captured the province of Herat, bordering Iran. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Exactly one year later, they captured the Afghan capital, Kabul, overthrowing the regime of President Burhanuddin Rabbani - one of the founding fathers of the Afghan mujahideen that resisted the Soviet occupation. By 1998, the Taliban were in control of almost 90% of Afghanistan.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Exactly one year later, they captured the Afghan capital, Kabul, overthrowing the regime of President Burhanuddin Rabbani - one of the founding fathers of the Afghan mujahideen that resisted the Soviet occupation. By 1998, the Taliban were in control of almost 90% of Afghanistan.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Afghans, weary of the mujahideen's excesses and infighting after the Soviets were driven out, generally welcomed the Taliban when they first appeared on the scene. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Afghans, weary of the mujahideen's excesses and infighting after the Soviets were driven out, generally welcomed the Taliban when they first appeared on the scene. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Their early popularity was largely due to their success in stamping out corruption, curbing lawlessness and making the roads and the areas under their control safe for commerce to flourish.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Their early popularity was largely due to their success in stamping out corruption, curbing lawlessness and making the roads and the areas under their control safe for commerce to flourish.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But the Taliban also introduced or supported punishments in line with their strict interpretation of Sharia law - such as public executions of convicted murderers and adulterers, as well as amputations for those found guilty of theft. Men were required to grow beards and women had to wear the all-covering burka.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"But the Taliban also introduced or supported punishments in line with their strict interpretation of Sharia law - such as public executions of convicted murderers and adulterers, as well as amputations for those found guilty of theft. Men were required to grow beards and women had to wear the all-covering burka.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban also banned television, music and cinema, and disapproved of girls aged 10 and over going to school. They were accused of various human rights and cultural abuses. One notorious example was in 2001, when the Taliban went ahead with the destruction of the famous Bamiyan Buddha statues in central Afghanistan, despite international outrage.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The Taliban also banned television, music and cinema, and disapproved of girls aged 10 and over going to school. They were accused of various human rights and cultural abuses. One notorious example was in 2001, when the Taliban went ahead with the \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"destruction of the famous Bamiyan Buddha\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-31813681\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"destruction of the famous Bamiyan Buddha\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" statues in central Afghanistan, despite international outrage.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"unorderedList\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Policing faces, bodies and beards on Kabul streets\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Policing faces, bodies and beards on Kabul streets\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-61480248\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Policing faces, bodies and beards on Kabul streets\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Women鈥檚 faces become latest Taliban restriction\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Women鈥檚 faces become latest Taliban restriction\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-61363969\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Women鈥檚 faces become latest Taliban restriction\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Scraps of stale bread are keeping Afghans alive\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Scraps of stale bread are keeping Afghans alive\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-61805862\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Scraps of stale bread are keeping Afghans alive\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"This time round, there has been no repeat of such excesses, but the Taliban are accused of a range of well-documented abuses, including killing opponents, as well as beating and detaining journalists and Afghans protesting for their rights. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"This time round, there has been no repeat of such excesses, but the Taliban are accused of a range of well-documented abuses, including killing opponents, as well as beating and detaining journalists and Afghans protesting for their rights. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Women are no longer allowed to go on long-distance journeys without a male chaperone and, while not required to wear the burka, have been ordered to cover their faces in public. Most women are not allowed to work.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Women are no longer allowed to go on long-distance journeys without a male chaperone and, while not required to wear the burka, have been ordered to cover their faces in public. Most women are not allowed to work.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban gunmen controlling the Kandahar-Herat highway, near Kandahar city, 31 October 2001\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Taliban gunmen controlling the Kandahar-Herat highway, near Kandahar city, 31 October 2001\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Taliban gunmen control Kandahar-Herat Highway, near Kandahar city, 31 October 2001\",\"copyright\":\"Getty Images\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/12D1E/production/_119168077_gettyimages-51342654.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Pakistan has repeatedly denied that it was the architect of the Taliban enterprise, but there is little doubt that many Afghans who initially joined the movement were educated in madrassas (religious schools) in Pakistan.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Pakistan has repeatedly denied that it was the architect of the Taliban enterprise, but there is little doubt that many Afghans who initially joined the movement were educated in madrassas (religious schools) in Pakistan.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Pakistan was also one of only three countries, along with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which recognised the Taliban when they were in power the first time round in Afghanistan. It was also the last country to break diplomatic ties with the group.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Pakistan was also one of only three countries, along with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which recognised the Taliban when they were in power the first time round in Afghanistan. It was also the last country to break diplomatic ties with the group.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"At one point, a Pakistani offshoot of the Taliban threatened to destabilise Pakistan from areas it controlled in the north-west. One of the most high-profile and internationally condemned of all Pakistani Taliban attacks took place in October 2012, when schoolgirl Malala Yousafzai was shot on her way home in the town of Mingora.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"At one point, a Pakistani offshoot of the Taliban threatened to destabilise Pakistan from areas it controlled in the north-west. One of the most high-profile and internationally condemned of all Pakistani Taliban attacks took place in October 2012, when schoolgirl \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Malala Yousafzai was shot\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-19882799\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Malala Yousafzai was shot\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" on her way home in the town of Mingora.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"A major military offensive two years later following the Peshawar school massacre greatly reduced the group's influence in Pakistan, though. At least three key figures of the Pakistani Taliban had been killed in US drone strikes, including the group's leader, Hakimullah Mehsud in 2013.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"A major military offensive two years later following the \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Peshawar school massacre\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-30505448\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Peshawar school massacre\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" greatly reduced the group's influence in Pakistan, though. At least three key figures of the Pakistani Taliban had been killed in US drone strikes, including the group's leader, Hakimullah Mehsud in 2013.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Schoolgirl and rights activist Malala Yousafzai was shot by Taliban gunmen in October 2012\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Schoolgirl and rights activist Malala Yousafzai was shot by Taliban gunmen in October 2012\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Pakistani schoolgirl Malala Yousafzai was shot by Taliban gunmen in October 2012\",\"copyright\":\"Getty Images\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/B7EE/production/_119168074_gettyimages-994923648.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"subheadline\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Al-Qaeda 'sanctuary'\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Al-Qaeda 'sanctuary'\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}],\"level\":2,\"fontScale\":\"headlineSmall\",\"id\":\"AlQaeda-sanctuary\",\"isFocusable\":true}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The attention of the world was drawn to the Taliban in Afghanistan in the wake of the 11 September 2001 World Trade Center attacks in New York. The Taliban were accused of providing a sanctuary for the prime suspects, Osama Bin Laden and his al-Qaeda movement.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The attention of the world was drawn to the Taliban in Afghanistan in the wake of the 11 September 2001 World Trade Center attacks in New York. The Taliban were accused of providing a sanctuary for the prime suspects, Osama Bin Laden and his al-Qaeda movement.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"On 7 October 2001, a US-led military coalition launched attacks in Afghanistan: by the first week of December, the Taliban regime had collapsed. The group's then leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar, and other senior figures, including Bin Laden, evaded capture despite one of the largest manhunts in the world. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"On 7 October 2001, a US-led military coalition launched attacks in Afghanistan: by the first week of December, the Taliban regime had collapsed. The group's then leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar, and other senior figures, including Bin Laden, evaded capture despite one of the largest manhunts in the world. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many senior Taliban leaders reportedly took refuge in the Pakistani city of Quetta, from where they guided the Taliban. But the existence of what was dubbed the \\\"Quetta Shura\\\" was denied by Islamabad.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many senior Taliban leaders reportedly took refuge in the Pakistani city of Quetta, from where they guided the Taliban. But the existence of what was dubbed the \\\"Quetta Shura\\\" was denied by Islamabad.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite ever higher numbers of foreign troops, the Taliban gradually regained and then extended their influence in Afghanistan, rendering vast tracts of the country insecure, while violence in the country returned to levels not seen since 2001.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite ever higher numbers of foreign troops, the Taliban gradually regained and then extended their influence in Afghanistan, rendering vast tracts of the country insecure, while violence in the country returned to levels not seen since 2001.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"There were numerous Taliban attacks on Kabul and in September 2012, the group carried out a high-profile raid on Nato's Camp Bastion base.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"There were numerous Taliban attacks on Kabul and in September 2012, the group carried out \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"a high-profile raid on Nato's Camp Bastion base\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-19704620\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"a high-profile raid on Nato's Camp Bastion base\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\".\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Pakistani Taliban leader Hakimullah Mehsud was killed in a US drone strike in 2013\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Pakistani Taliban leader Hakimullah Mehsud was killed in a US drone strike in 2013\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Pakistani Taliban commander Hakimullah Mehsud speaks to a group of media representatives in the Mamouzai area\",\"copyright\":\"AFP\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1F96/production/_119168080_gettyimages-95820358.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Hopes of a negotiated peace were raised in 2013, when the Taliban announced plans to open an office in Qatar. But mistrust on all sides remained high and the violence went on.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Hopes of a negotiated peace were raised in 2013, when the Taliban announced plans to open an office in Qatar. But mistrust on all sides remained high and the violence went on.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In August 2015, the Taliban admitted they had covered up Mullah Omar's death - reportedly from health problems at a hospital in Pakistan - for more than two years. The following month, the group said it had put aside weeks of infighting and rallied around a new leader, Mullah Mansour, who had been the deputy of Mullah Omar.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In August 2015, the Taliban admitted they had covered up Mullah Omar's death - reportedly from health problems at a hospital in Pakistan - for more than two years. The following month, the group said it had put aside weeks of infighting and rallied around a new leader, Mullah Mansour, who had been the deputy of Mullah Omar.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"At about the same time, the Taliban seized control of a provincial capital for the first time since their defeat in 2001, taking control of the strategically important city of Kunduz.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"At about the same time, the Taliban seized control of a provincial capital for the first time since their defeat in 2001, taking control of the strategically important city of Kunduz.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mullah Mansour was killed in a US drone strike in May 2016 and replaced by his deputy Mawlawi Hibatullah Akhundzada, who remains in control of the group.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mullah Mansour was killed in a US drone strike in May 2016 and replaced by his deputy Mawlawi Hibatullah Akhundzada, who remains in control of the group.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"subheadline\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Seizing power\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Seizing power\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}],\"level\":2,\"fontScale\":\"headlineSmall\",\"id\":\"Seizing-power\",\"isFocusable\":true}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In the year following the US-Taliban peace deal of February 2020 - which was the culmination of a long spell of direct talks - the Taliban appeared to shift their tactics from complex attacks in cities and on military outposts to a wave of targeted assassinations that terrorised Afghan civilians.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"In the year following the US-Taliban peace deal of February 2020 - which was the culmination of a long spell of direct talks - the Taliban appeared to shift their tactics from complex attacks in cities and on military outposts to a \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"wave of targeted assassinations that terrorised Afghan civilians\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-56157627\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"wave of targeted assassinations that terrorised Afghan civilians\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\".\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The targets - journalists, judges, peace activists, women in positions of power - suggested that the Taliban had not changed their extremist ideology, only their strategy. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The targets - journalists, judges, peace activists, women in positions of power - suggested that the Taliban had not changed their extremist ideology, only their strategy. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite grave concerns from Afghan officials over the government's vulnerability to the Taliban without international support, new US President Joe Biden announced in April 2021 that all American forces would leave the country by 11 September - two decades to the day since the felling of the World Trade Center. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Despite grave concerns from Afghan officials over the government's vulnerability to the Taliban without international support, new US President Joe Biden announced in April 2021 that all American forces would leave the country by 11 September - two decades to the day since the felling of the World Trade Center. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"video\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Hibatullah Akhundzada is a religious scholar and he is former head of the Taliban courts\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Hibatullah Akhundzada is a religious scholar and he is former head of the Taliban courts\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"media\":{\"__typename\":\"ElementsMediaPlayer\",\"items\":[{\"id\":\"p03wbv5h\",\"idType\":\"versionID\",\"title\":\"What we know about new Taliban leader, Mawlawi Hibatullah Akhundzada\",\"duration\":53,\"holdingImageUrl\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p03wbvxq.jpg\",\"kind\":\"programme\",\"isEmbeddingAllowed\":false,\"isAdvertisingAllowed\":false}],\"pid\":\"p03wbv4x\"}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Having outlasted a superpower through two decades of war, the Taliban began seizing vast swathes of territory, before once again toppling a government in Kabul in the wake of a foreign power withdrawing.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Having outlasted a superpower through two decades of war, the Taliban began seizing vast swathes of territory, before once again toppling a government in Kabul in the wake of a foreign power withdrawing.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"They swept across Afghanistan in just 10 days, taking their first provincial capital on 6 August. By 15 August, they were at the gates of Kabul.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"They swept across Afghanistan in just 10 days, taking their first provincial capital on 6 August. By 15 August, they were at the gates of Kabul.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Their lightning advance prompted tens of thousands of people to flee their homes, many arriving in the Afghan capital, others heading for neighbouring countries.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Their lightning advance prompted tens of thousands of people to flee their homes, many arriving in the Afghan capital, others heading for neighbouring countries.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The future for Afghans living under the Taliban's rule remains highly uncertain. While most are relieved war is over, millions are struggling to survive. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The future for Afghans living under the Taliban's rule remains highly uncertain. While most are relieved war is over, millions are struggling to survive. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"No country has recognised the Taliban government in the year since they returned to power. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"No country has recognised the Taliban government in the year since they returned to power. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The August 2022 killing in a US drone attack of al-Qaeda's leader Ayman al-Zawahiri in Kabul will do nothing to persuade Taliban critics that the group has turned over a new leaf.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The August 2022 \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"killing in a US drone attack of al-Qaeda's leader\",\"locator\":\"/news/world-asia-62393618\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"killing in a US drone attack of al-Qaeda's leader\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" Ayman al-Zawahiri in Kabul will do nothing to persuade Taliban critics that the group has turned over a new leaf.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Hardliners in the movement appear to have the upper hand on issues such as female employment, freedom of speech and secondary education for girls, meaning that desperately needed foreign-held funds are unlikely to be released any time soon.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Hardliners in the movement appear to have the upper hand on issues such as female employment, freedom of speech and secondary education for girls, meaning that desperately needed foreign-held funds are unlikely to be released any time 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