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id="toc-Around_the_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Southern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Southern Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Northern Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_and_Central_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_and_Central_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Western and Central Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_and_Central_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Middle East</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Americas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>The Americas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Americas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Northeast_Mediterranean_line" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northeast_Mediterranean_line"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Northeast Mediterranean line</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northeast_Mediterranean_line-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iberian_Peninsula_line" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iberian_Peninsula_line"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Iberian Peninsula line</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iberian_Peninsula_line-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Variations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Science</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Science-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Science subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Molecular_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Molecular_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Molecular composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Molecular_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Physical structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Marzipan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مرصبان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرصبان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzap%C3%A1n" title="Marzapán – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Marzapán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazap%C3%A1n" title="Mazapán – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mazapán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badam_x%C9%99miri" title="Badam xəmiri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Badam xəmiri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Марцыпан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марцыпан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Марципан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Марципан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massap%C3%A0" title="Massapà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Massapà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcip%C3%A1n" title="Marcipán – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Marcipán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsip%C3%A1n" title="Marsipán – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Marsipán" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcipan" title="Marcipan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Marcipan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Marzipan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martsipan" title="Martsipan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Martsipan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%B4%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Αμυγδαλόπαστα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αμυγδαλόπαστα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazap%C3%A1n" title="Mazapán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mazapán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcipano" title="Marcipano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marcipano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazapan" title="Mazapan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mazapan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="خمیر بادام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خمیر بادام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massepain" title="Massepain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Massepain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazap%C3%A1n" title="Mazapán – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mazapán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%A7%80%ED%8C%AC" title="마지팬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마지팬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Մարցիպան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարցիպան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcipan" title="Marcipan – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Marcipan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcipano" title="Marcipano – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Marcipano" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Marzipan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzapane" title="Marzapane – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marzapane" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F" title="מרציפן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרציפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Marzipan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მარციპანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მარციპანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Марципан – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Марципан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martius_panis" title="Martius panis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Martius panis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcip%C4%81ns" title="Marcipāns – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Marcipāns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcipanas" title="Marcipanas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Marcipanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcip%C3%A1n" title="Marcipán – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Marcipán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="മാഴ്സിപാൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാഴ്സിപാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Marzipan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsepein" title="Marsepein – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Marsepein" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3" title="マルチパン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マルチパン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsipan" title="Marsipan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Marsipan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsipan" title="Marsipan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Marsipan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Marzipan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcepan" title="Marcepan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Marcepan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzip%C3%A3" title="Marzipã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Marzipã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C8%9Bipan" title="Marțipan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marțipan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Марципан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Марципан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Marzipan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipani" title="Marzipani – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Marzipani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" title="Marzipan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Marzipan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcipan" title="Marcipan – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Marcipan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Марципан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Марципан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsipaani" title="Marsipaani – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Marsipaani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsipan" title="Marsipan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Marsipan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%99" title="มาร์ซิแพน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาร์ซิแพน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badem_ezmesi" title="Badem ezmesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Badem ezmesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Марципан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Марципан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marseping" title="Marseping – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Marseping" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8F%E4%BB%81%E7%B3%96" title="杏仁糖 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="杏仁糖" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%C4%97pans" title="Marcėpans – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Marcėpans" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%81%E6%A1%83%E4%BB%81%E8%86%8F" title="扁桃仁膏 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="扁桃仁膏" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Confection of sugar, honey and almond flour</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Marchpane" redirects here. For other uses of "marzipan" and "marchpane", see <a href="/wiki/Marzipan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Marzipan (disambiguation)">Marzipan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Marzipan</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rolling_out_the_marzipan_(11029638025).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rolling_out_the_marzipan_%2811029638025%29.jpg/220px-Rolling_out_the_marzipan_%2811029638025%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rolling_out_the_marzipan_%2811029638025%29.jpg/330px-Rolling_out_the_marzipan_%2811029638025%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rolling_out_the_marzipan_%2811029638025%29.jpg/440px-Rolling_out_the_marzipan_%2811029638025%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Plain marzipan being rolled flat</div></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alternative names</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Marzapane</i>, marchpane</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">Confectionery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient"><a href="/wiki/Almond_meal" title="Almond meal">Almond meal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Variations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Persipan" title="Persipan">Persipan</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Frutta_martorana" title="Frutta martorana">frutta martorana</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Marzipan" class="extiw" title="commons:Marzipan">Media: Marzipan</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Marzipan</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">confection</a> consisting primarily of <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Almond_meal" title="Almond meal">almond meal</a> (ground almonds), sometimes augmented with <a href="/wiki/Almond_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Almond oil">almond oil</a> or extract. </p><p>It is often made into <a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">sweets</a>; common uses are <a href="/wiki/Chocolate" title="Chocolate">chocolate</a>-covered marzipan and small marzipan imitations of fruits and vegetables. It can also be used in biscuits or rolled into thin sheets and glazed for icing <a href="/wiki/Cake" title="Cake">cakes</a>, primarily <a href="/wiki/Birthday_cake" title="Birthday cake">birthday cakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake" title="Wedding cake">wedding cakes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christmas_cake" title="Christmas cake">Christmas cakes</a>. Marzipan may also be used as a baking ingredient, as in <a href="/wiki/Stollen" title="Stollen">stollen</a> or <a href="/wiki/Banket_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Banket (food)">banket</a>. In some countries, it is shaped into small figures of animals as a traditional treat for <a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Day" title="New Year's Day">New Year's Day</a> or <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a>. Marzipan is also used in <a href="/wiki/Tortell" class="mw-redirect" title="Tortell">Tortell</a>, and in some versions of <a href="/wiki/King_cake" title="King cake">king cake</a> eaten during the <a href="/wiki/Carnival" title="Carnival">Carnival</a> season.<sup id="cite_ref-princess_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-princess-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MarzipanClassic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/MarzipanClassic.jpg/220px-MarzipanClassic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/MarzipanClassic.jpg/330px-MarzipanClassic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/MarzipanClassic.jpg/440px-MarzipanClassic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="558" /></a><figcaption>Marzipan bars</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Around_the_world">Around the world</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Around the world"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marzipan_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Marzipan_map.jpg/200px-Marzipan_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Marzipan_map.jpg/300px-Marzipan_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Marzipan_map.jpg/400px-Marzipan_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1388" data-file-height="1456" /></a><figcaption>A marzipan map of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> made by the Budapest Marzipan Museum, commemorating the induction of <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> into the union in 2004</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Geographical_indications_and_traditional_specialities_in_the_European_Union" title="Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union">Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union</a> recognize two marzipans in Europe: one in Toledo (Spain)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one in Lübeck (Germany).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southern_Europe">Southern Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Southern Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, marzipan is a traditional Christmas dessert (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">mazapán</i></span>), although in <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a>, where the first written reference of this product dates back to 1512, it is eaten all year round. In <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a>, marzipan (<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">marzapane</i></span>) is often shaped and painted with food colourings to resemble fruit—<span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Frutta_martorana" title="Frutta martorana">frutta martorana</a></i></span>—especially during the <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> season and on <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Il Giorno dei Morti</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/All_Souls%27_Day" title="All Souls' Day">All Souls' Day</a>) on November 2. May 9 and 10 are also special days for eating marzipan in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999268_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999268-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, where the confection has been traditionally made by nuns,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999356_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999356-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> marzipan (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">maçapão</i></span>) is used to make fruit-shaped sweets; in the <a href="/wiki/Algarve" title="Algarve">Algarve</a> region in particular it is a very common sweet, where it is shaped like fruits and filled with <a href="/wiki/Fios_de_ovos" title="Fios de ovos">Fios de ovos</a>. There are other regions, as <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> in which marzipan (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">mazapán</i></span>) is shaped into simple animal shapes, and sometimes filled in with <a href="/wiki/Egg_yolk" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg yolk">egg yolk</a> (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">yema</i></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, marzipan is made in a variety of shapes and sizes and is almost always left white.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Islands" title="Aegean Islands">islands of the Aegean</a> in particular, white marzipan is considered a wedding treat and is served to guests at wedding feasts.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>, marzipan is used as a filling in the <a href="/wiki/Maltese_cuisine" title="Maltese cuisine">traditional Maltese</a> Easter treats called figolli (singular: <a href="/wiki/Figolla" title="Figolla">figolla</a>). It is also popular in Turkey, where it is called <span title="Turkish-language romanization"><i lang="tr-Latn">badem ezmesi</i></span>. There are two regional variations registered in the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="Turkish Patent and Trademark Office">Turkish Patent and Trademark Office</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Northern_Europe">Northern Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Northern Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Father%27s_Day_Cake_(6336953152).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Father%27s_Day_Cake_%286336953152%29.jpg/270px-Father%27s_Day_Cake_%286336953152%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Father%27s_Day_Cake_%286336953152%29.jpg/405px-Father%27s_Day_Cake_%286336953152%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Father%27s_Day_Cake_%286336953152%29.jpg/540px-Father%27s_Day_Cake_%286336953152%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3473" data-file-height="2305" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Turku_cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Turku cathedral">Turku cathedral</a> cake made with marzipan</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, it is customary to snack on <a href="/wiki/Marzipan_pig" title="Marzipan pig">marzipan pigs</a> around Christmas, marzipan shaped as eggs around Easter, and <i><a href="/wiki/Kransekage" title="Kransekage">kransekage</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve" title="New Year's Eve">New Year's Eve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also used in a large variety of cakes and confectioneries unrelated to the holidays, including <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">træstammer</i></span>, <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">gåsebryst</i></span>, and <span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">napoleonshatte</i></span>, and as an ingredient in <a href="/wiki/Remonce" title="Remonce">remonce</a>-filling for <a href="/wiki/Danish_pastry" title="Danish pastry">Danish pastry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Maiasmokk" title="Maiasmokk">Maiasmokk</a> café in <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>, Estonia, there is a small museum dedicated to the history and manufacture of marzipan.<sup id="cite_ref-kalev_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalev-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Traditional Swedish <a href="/wiki/Princess_cake" title="Princess cake">princess cake</a> is typically covered with a layer of marzipan that has been tinted pale green or pink. </p><p>Traditional Finnish <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A4pykakku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Käpykakku (page does not exist)">Käpykakku</a> is typically coated with a layer of marzipan, which is dark brown color and <a href="/wiki/Conifer_cone" title="Conifer cone">Conifer cone</a>-shaped and spiky. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Western_and_Central_Europe">Western and Central Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Western and Central Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marzipanschwein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Marzipanschwein.jpg/220px-Marzipanschwein.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Marzipanschwein.jpg/330px-Marzipanschwein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Marzipanschwein.jpg/440px-Marzipanschwein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2935" data-file-height="1478" /></a><figcaption>Moulded <a href="/wiki/Marzipan_pig" title="Marzipan pig">marzipan pigs</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">marsepein</i></span> ('marzipan') figures are given as <a href="/wiki/Sinterklaas" title="Sinterklaas">Sinterklaas</a> (Saint Nicholas) presents. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">massepain</i></span> is the specialty of <a href="/wiki/Saint-L%C3%A9onard-de-Noblat" title="Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat">Saint-Léonard-de-Noblat</a>, a town in <a href="/wiki/Limousin" title="Limousin">Limousin</a>. It comes in biscuit shape. It is also prepared in <a href="/wiki/Gironde" title="Gironde">Gironde</a>, it is named <i>Girondin pudding</i> made from hard bread, brown sugar and flavored with raisins soaked in rum.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lebensmittel-Marzipan1-Asio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Lebensmittel-Marzipan1-Asio.jpg/220px-Lebensmittel-Marzipan1-Asio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Lebensmittel-Marzipan1-Asio.jpg/330px-Lebensmittel-Marzipan1-Asio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Lebensmittel-Marzipan1-Asio.jpg/440px-Lebensmittel-Marzipan1-Asio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1082" data-file-height="1027" /></a><figcaption><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Marzipankartoffeln</i></span></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, it is common to gift marzipan in the shape of a loaf of bread (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Marzipanbrot</i></span>) or in the shape of small potatoes (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipankartoffeln&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marzipankartoffeln (page does not exist)">Marzipankartoffeln</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzipankartoffel" class="extiw" title="de:Marzipankartoffel">de</a>]</span>) during Christmas time. <a href="/wiki/Stollen" title="Stollen">Stollen</a> can contain marzipan, and it is often featured as an ingredient in seasonal baked goods, such as <a href="/wiki/Bethm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Bethmännchen">Bethmännchen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominostein" title="Dominostein">Dominosteine</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Christmas_cookie" title="Christmas cookie">Christmas cookies</a>. One traditional new year present is known as a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Glücksschwein</i></span> ('lucky pig'). <a href="/wiki/Mozartkugel" title="Mozartkugel">Mozartkugeln</a> are a famed export of <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> made of marzipan balls dipped in dark chocolate. </p><p>In the United Kingdom, celebratory <a href="/wiki/Fruitcake" title="Fruitcake">fruitcakes</a> are decorated with a layer of marzipan – particularly <a href="/wiki/Christmas_cake" title="Christmas cake">Christmas cake</a> which is covered with white sugar icing, and at Easter the <a href="/wiki/Simnel_cake" title="Simnel cake">Simnel cake</a> contains a layer of marzipan, a further layer decorates the top and is lightly grilled or toasted to colour it. <a href="/wiki/Battenberg_cake" title="Battenberg cake">Battenberg cake</a>, which originates in England, is covered in a layer of marzipan.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, a traditional part of the celebration of <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/L%27Escalade" title="L'Escalade">L'Escalade</a></i></span> is the ritual smashing of a chocolate cauldron filled with marzipan vegetables, a reference to a <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Savoyard</a> siege of the city which was supposedly foiled by a housewife with a cauldron of boiling soup. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_East">Middle East</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Middle East"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Lauzinaj" title="Lauzinaj">Lauzinaj</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, marzipan is known as <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">lozina</i></span>, <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">lowzineh</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">لوزینه</span>, derived from <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">لوز</span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">lawz</i></span>, 'almond'), or <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">marçabén</i></span> (the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مرصبان</span>). It is flavoured with <a href="/wiki/Orange-flower_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange-flower water">orange-flower water</a> and shaped into roses and other delicate flowers before being baked. Marzipan can also be made from oatmeal, <a href="/wiki/Farina_(food)" title="Farina (food)">farina</a>, or semolina.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999245_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999245-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For Jews in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, marzipan fruit is a traditional <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a> treat, replacing biscuits and cakes. According to <a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardic Jewish">Sephardic Jewish</a> custom, friends of the woman giving birth would cook for her and prepare homemade marzipan. This was believed to enhance the mother’s milk and was considered a symbol of purity and good fortune for both mother and baby.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Americas">The Americas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Americas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Latin_American_cuisine" title="Latin American cuisine">Latin American cuisine</a>, marzipan is known by the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">mazapán</i> and is traditionally eaten at <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a>. In some Latin American countries, forms of <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">mazapán</i></span> are made from nuts or seeds other than almonds. In <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, a specialty <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">mazapán</i></span> from <a href="/wiki/Amatitl%C3%A1n" title="Amatitlán">Amatitlán</a> is made with <a href="/wiki/Pumpkin_seed" title="Pumpkin seed">pumpkin seed</a> (pepita), rice and sugar.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexican <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">mazapán</i></span> is typically made from <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanuts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Romero2007_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romero2007-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This peanut paste preparation is used in a commercial Mexican candy called <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazap%C3%A1n_de_la_Rosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazapán de la Rosa (page does not exist)">mazapán de la Rosa</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/mazap%C3%A1n_de_la_Rosa" class="extiw" title="es:mazapán de la Rosa">es</a>]</span></i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> state of <a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a>, marzipan (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">maçapão</i></span>) was introduced from Portugal. However, the Goan version uses <a href="/wiki/Cashew" title="Cashew">cashew</a> nuts instead of almonds. Goan marzipan is used to make <a href="/wiki/Easter_egg" title="Easter egg">Easter eggs</a>. It is also used to make Christmas sweets in various shapes like fruits, flowers, stars, etc. Similarly, in the city of Mumbai, the East Indians mould their cashewnut-based or almond-based marzipan into different shapes for Christmas and into marzipan eggs, chickens and bonnets for Easter. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine cuisine">Philippines</a> marzipan was brought from Spain, <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es-PH">mazapán de pili</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_Philippines" title="Spanish language in the Philippines">Spanish</a> for 'pili marzipan') is made from <a href="/wiki/Pili_nut" class="mw-redirect" title="Pili nut">pili nuts</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two proposed lines of origin for marzipan; they are not necessarily contradictory and may be complementary, as there have always been Mediterranean trade and cooking influences.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other sources establish the origin of marzipan in China, from where the recipe moved on to the Middle East and then to Europe through <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northeast_Mediterranean_line">Northeast Mediterranean line</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Northeast Mediterranean line"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panforte_at_a_shop_in_San_Gimignano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Panforte_at_a_shop_in_San_Gimignano.jpg/170px-Panforte_at_a_shop_in_San_Gimignano.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Panforte_at_a_shop_in_San_Gimignano.jpg/255px-Panforte_at_a_shop_in_San_Gimignano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Panforte_at_a_shop_in_San_Gimignano.jpg/340px-Panforte_at_a_shop_in_San_Gimignano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>A variation of <a href="/wiki/Panforte" title="Panforte">panforte</a> with a topping of marzipan at a shop in <a href="/wiki/San_Gimignano" title="San Gimignano">San Gimignano</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Although it is believed to have been introduced to Eastern Europe through the Turks (in <span title="Turkish-language romanization"><i lang="tr-Latn">badem ezmesi</i></span>), and most notably produced in <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a>), there is some dispute between <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> over its origin. Marzipan became a specialty of the <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic League</a> port towns. In particular, the cities of <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a> have a proud tradition of marzipan manufacture. Examples include <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbecker_Marzipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lübecker Marzipan">Lübecker Marzipan</a>, which has <a href="/wiki/Protected_geographical_indication" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected geographical indication">Protected geographical indication</a> (PGI) status.<sup id="cite_ref-Lubecker_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lubecker-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city's manufacturers such as <a href="/wiki/Niederegger" title="Niederegger">Niederegger</a> still guarantee their marzipan to contain two-thirds almonds by weight, which results in a product of highest quality. Historically, the city of <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Prussia" title="East Prussia">East Prussia</a> was also renowned for its distinctive marzipan production. <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg_marzipan" title="Königsberg marzipan">Königsberg marzipan</a> remains a special type of marzipan in Germany that is golden brown on its surface and sometimes embedded with <a href="/wiki/Marmalade" title="Marmalade">marmalade</a> at its centre.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, marzipan is not officially defined, but it is generally made with a higher ratio of sugar to almonds than <a href="/wiki/Almond_paste" title="Almond paste">almond paste</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One brand, for instance, has 28% almonds in its marzipan, and 45% almonds in its almond paste.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in Sweden and Finland almond paste refers to a marzipan that contains 50% ground almonds, a much higher quality than regular marzipan. In Germany, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbecker_Marzipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lübecker Marzipan">Lübecker Marzipan</a> is known for its quality. It contains 66% almonds.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original manually produced <a href="/wiki/Mozartkugel" title="Mozartkugel">Mozartkugeln</a> are made from green pistachio marzipan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iberian_Peninsula_line">Iberian Peninsula line</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Iberian Peninsula line"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marzipan_fruits_at_the_market.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Marzipan_fruits_at_the_market.jpg/220px-Marzipan_fruits_at_the_market.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Marzipan_fruits_at_the_market.jpg/330px-Marzipan_fruits_at_the_market.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Marzipan_fruits_at_the_market.jpg/440px-Marzipan_fruits_at_the_market.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Fruit-shaped marzipan in baskets at a shop in <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Another possible geographic origin is the parts of Spain that were known as <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a> (850–900, though more probably 1150 during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso VII">Alfonso VII</a>) this specialty was known as <i>Postre Regio</i> (instead of <i>Mazapán</i>). There are also mentions in the folktale collection, <i><a href="/wiki/One_Thousand_and_One_Nights" title="One Thousand and One Nights">One Thousand and One Nights</a></i> of an <a href="/wiki/Almond_paste" title="Almond paste">almond paste</a> eaten during <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> and as an aphrodisiac.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mazapán is Toledo's most famous dessert, often created for Christmas, and has PGI status.<sup id="cite_ref-Toledo_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toledo-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For this, almonds have to be at least 50% of the total weight, following the directives of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazap%C3%A1n_de_Toledo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazapán de Toledo (page does not exist)">Mazapán de Toledo</a></i> regulator council.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another idea to support this line is the important tradition of another Spanish almond-based Christmas confectionery, the <i><a href="/wiki/Turr%C3%B3n" title="Turrón">turrón</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations">Variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Persipan" title="Persipan">Persipan</a> is a similar, but less expensive product, in which the almonds are replaced by <a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">apricot</a> or <a href="/wiki/Peach" title="Peach">peach</a> kernels. Many confectionery products sold as marzipan are made from less expensive materials, such as soy paste and almond essence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMinifie1989594_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMinifie1989594-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To control and detect the authenticity of marzipan, <a href="/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction" title="Polymerase chain reaction">polymerase chain reaction</a> methods can differentiate almonds from substitutes and adulterants at concentrations of less than one percent.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> German marzipan is made by grinding whole almonds with sugar and partially drying the paste, and French marzipan (called <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">massepain</i></span>) is made by combining ground almonds with sugar syrup.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavidson_''et_al''.2006484_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavidson_''et_al''.2006484-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some marzipan is flavoured with <a href="/wiki/Rosewater" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosewater">rosewater</a>. Spanish marzipan is made without <a href="/wiki/Almond#Sweet_and_bitter_almonds" title="Almond">bitter almonds</a>. In the United States, bitter almonds are not used in marzipan because the importation of bitter almonds into the country is prohibited by US law, owing to them containing a substance related to <a href="/wiki/Cyanide" title="Cyanide">cyanide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMendel2008288_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMendel2008288-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sugar-free marzipan can be made by replacing sugar with polyols such as <a href="/wiki/Maltitol" title="Maltitol">maltitol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Varieties made with other types of nuts are eaten in Latin America, and peanut-based marzipan is the most common variety in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-Romero2007_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romero2007-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fruit_shaped_marzipan_1410687_nevit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Fruit_shaped_marzipan_1410687_nevit.jpg/220px-Fruit_shaped_marzipan_1410687_nevit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Fruit_shaped_marzipan_1410687_nevit.jpg/330px-Fruit_shaped_marzipan_1410687_nevit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Fruit_shaped_marzipan_1410687_nevit.jpg/440px-Fruit_shaped_marzipan_1410687_nevit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>A bowl containing several fruit-shaped marzipan pieces</figcaption></figure> <p>The German name has largely ousted the original English name <i>marchpane</i> with the same apparent derivation: 'March bread'. (The word <i>marchpane</i> occurs in Shakespeare's <i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a></i>, Act 1, Scene 5, Line 9.) <i>Marzapane</i> is documented earlier in Italian than in any other language, and the term <i>pan</i> meaning 'bread' originates in <a href="/wiki/Romance_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance language">Romance languages</a>. The origin could be from the Latin term <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">martius panis</i></span></i>, which means <i>bread of March</i>. In <a href="/wiki/Johann_Burchard" title="Johann Burchard">Johann Burchard</a>’s <i>Diarium curiae romanae</i> (1483–1492) the Latin form appears as <i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">martiapanis</i></span></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-eb17_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb17-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ultimate <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymology</a> is unclear; for example, the Italian word derives from the Latin words "Massa" (itself from Greek <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Μάζα</span></span> "Maza") meaning pastry and "Pan" meaning bread, this can be particularly seen in the Provençal <i>massapan</i>, in Catalan <i>massapà</i>, the Portuguese <i>maçapão</i> (where 'ç' is an alternative letter for the <a href="/wiki/Phoneme" title="Phoneme">phoneme</a> usually expressed by 'ss') and old Spanish <i>mazapán</i> – the change from 'ss' to 'z' in Latin words was common in old Spanish and the 'r' appeared later. Among the other possible etymologies set forth in the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a>, one theory proposes that the word "marzipan" may be a corruption of <a href="/wiki/Martaban" class="mw-redirect" title="Martaban">Martaban</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Burmese</a> city famous for <a href="/wiki/Martaban_jar" class="mw-redirect" title="Martaban jar">its jars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eb17_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb17-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Academia Española">Real Academia Española</a> suggests the Spanish <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">mazapán</i></span> is perhaps derived from the Hispanic Arabic <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بسمة</span></span>, <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">pičmáṭ</i></span>, from the Greek <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">παξαμάδιον</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">paxamádion</i></span> ('little cake').<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ladybug_cupcakes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Ladybug_cupcakes.jpg/220px-Ladybug_cupcakes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Ladybug_cupcakes.jpg/330px-Ladybug_cupcakes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Ladybug_cupcakes.jpg/440px-Ladybug_cupcakes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cupcake" title="Cupcake">Cupcakes</a> with green <a href="/wiki/Icing_(food)" title="Icing (food)">icing</a> to appear as grass and marzipan shaped as <a href="/wiki/Coccinellidae" title="Coccinellidae">ladybugs</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Another possible source is from <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">موثابان</span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">mawthābān</i></span> 'king who sits still'.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Arabic, Latinised as <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">matapanus</i></span>, was used to describe a Venetian coin depicting an enthroned <a href="/wiki/Christ_the_King" title="Christ the King">Christ the King</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatridge1958_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatridge1958-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These coins were stored in ornate boxes. From about the fifteenth century, when the coins were no longer in circulation, the boxes became decorative containers for storing and serving luxury sweetmeats. One such luxury that crept into the box in the sixteenth century is the now-famous almond-flavoured marzipan, named (at least proximately) after the box in which it was stored.<sup id="cite_ref-eb17_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb17-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To produce marzipan, raw almonds are cleaned "by sieving, air <a href="/wiki/Elutriation" title="Elutriation">elutriation</a>, and other electronic or mechanical devices",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMinifie1989594_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMinifie1989594-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then immersed in water with a temperature just below the boiling point for about five minutes, in a process known as <a href="/wiki/Blanching_(cooking)" title="Blanching (cooking)">blanching</a>. This loosens the almonds' skin, which is removed by passing the almonds through rubber-covered rotating cylinders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are then cooled, after which they are coarsely chopped and ground, with up to 35% sugar, into <a href="/wiki/Almond_meal" title="Almond meal">almond flour</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the traditional production of marzipan raw filler, a similar process is followed: Sweet almonds are scalded, peeled on rubber-covered rolls, coarsely chopped, and then ground with the addition of not more than 35% of sucrose.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The almond flour mixture is roasted and cooled, after which sucrose (table sugar) and possibly a <a href="/wiki/Binder_(material)" title="Binder (material)">binding agent</a> such as starch syrup or <a href="/wiki/Sorbitol" title="Sorbitol">sorbitol</a> are added.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It may then be moulded into any shape. Marzipan must be covered in an airtight container to prevent it from hardening and dehydrating. It should be protected from direct light to prevent rancidity of the almond oil, resulting from <a href="/wiki/Lipid_oxidation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipid oxidation">lipid oxidation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Science">Science</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Molecular_composition">Molecular composition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Molecular composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benzaldehyde.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Benzaldehyde.svg/220px-Benzaldehyde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Benzaldehyde.svg/330px-Benzaldehyde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Benzaldehyde.svg/440px-Benzaldehyde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Benzaldehyde" title="Benzaldehyde">Benzaldehyde</a> is a flavor compound found in almonds.</figcaption></figure> <p>The aroma and flavor of marzipan can in part be attributed to <a href="/wiki/Benzaldehyde" title="Benzaldehyde">benzaldehyde</a>, which is formed from <a href="/wiki/Amygdalin" title="Amygdalin">amygdalin</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_structure">Physical structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Physical structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marzipan is a food <a href="/wiki/Emulsion" title="Emulsion">emulsion</a> that contains four phases: a solid phase of suspended particles including almonds and sugars, a suspended air pocket phase formed from incorporated air during mixing, a water phase, and a lipid phase from almond oil.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The phases can separate when left alone for long periods of time. It is stabilized by the phospholipids and triglycerides found in the almond cells. The fatty acids found in almonds include saturated fats such as <a href="/wiki/Stearic_acid" title="Stearic acid">stearic acid</a> and unsaturated fats such as <a href="/wiki/Linoleic_acid" title="Linoleic acid">linoleic acid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emulsifiers can be added during production to increase shelf life. </p><p>Marzipan's softness is a balance between the solid and liquid components. It should have a moisture content of less than 10%.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/64px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">food portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboukir_almonds" title="Aboukir almonds">Aboukir almonds</a> – marzipan-covered almonds originating in <a href="/wiki/Abu_Qir" title="Abu Qir">Abu Qir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Bethmännchen">Bethmännchen</a> – a traditional German pastry which contains marzipan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassata" title="Cassata">Cassata</a> – a multi-layered Sicilian sponge cake covered in marzipan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frangipane" title="Frangipane">Frangipane</a> – an almond-flavored pastry cream</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halva" title="Halva">Halva</a> – Some types are made from <a href="/wiki/Tahini" title="Tahini">sesame paste</a> or sunflower seed, butter and sugar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCbner_Haus" title="Hübner Haus">Hübner Haus</a> – Site of a former famous marzipan factory and pastry shop in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberger_Marzipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Königsberger Marzipan">Königsberger Marzipan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberger_Marzipan" class="extiw" title="de:Königsberger Marzipan">de</a>]</span> – German Wikipedia entry on the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a> (now in Russia) style <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_almond_dishes" title="List of almond dishes">List of almond dishes</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The main difference from the Luebeck style is that Königsberger Marzipan is browned on the surface and often has <a href="/wiki/Marmalade" title="Marmalade">marmalade</a> embedded in the centre. In Germany, the siblings of refugees from Königsberg still produce marzipan following traditional recipes. For example, the Gehlhaar confectioners in Wiesbaden (1912/45, seat Königsberg).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Marchpane" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Marchpane">Marchpane</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Marchpane&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-princess-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-princess_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair2011" class="citation book cs1">Sinclair, Pat (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NtTc-j10qKIC&q=scandinavian+princess+cake&pg=PT48"><i>Scandinavian Classic Baking</i></a>. Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58980-897-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58980-897-3"><bdi>978-1-58980-897-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scandinavian+Classic+Baking&rft.place=Gretna%2C+Louisiana&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Pelican+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-58980-897-3&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=Pat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNtTc-j10qKIC%26q%3Dscandinavian%2Bprincess%2Bcake%26pg%3DPT48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEuropean_Commission" class="citation web cs1">European Commission. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/food-safety-and-quality/certification/quality-labels/geographical-indications-register/details/EUGI00000013455">"eAmbrosia"</a>. <i>ec.europa.eu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=eAmbrosia&rft.au=European+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Finfo%2Ffood-farming-fisheries%2Ffood-safety-and-quality%2Fcertification%2Fquality-labels%2Fgeographical-indications-register%2Fdetails%2FEUGI00000013455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEuropean_Union" class="citation web cs1">European Union. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/food-safety-and-quality/certification/quality-labels/geographical-indications-register/">"eAmbrosia"</a>. <i>ec.europa.eu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=eAmbrosia&rft.au=European+Union&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Finfo%2Ffood-farming-fisheries%2Ffood-safety-and-quality%2Fcertification%2Fquality-labels%2Fgeographical-indications-register%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999268-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999268_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarer-Stein1999">Barer-Stein 1999</a>, p. 268.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999356-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999356_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarer-Stein1999">Barer-Stein 1999</a>, p. 356.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.turkpatent.gov.tr/cografi-isaretler/liste?il=&tur=&urunGrubu=&adi=badem%20ezmesi">"Turkish Patent and Trademark Office"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fci.turkpatent.gov.tr%2Fcografi-isaretler%2Fliste%3Fil%3D%26tur%3D%26urunGrubu%3D%26adi%3Dbadem%2520ezmesi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMette_Blomsterberg2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Mette_Blomsterberg" title="Mette Blomsterberg">Mette Blomsterberg</a> (24 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dr.dk/mad/opskrift/marcipan-paskeaeg">"Marcipan påskeæg"</a> [Marzipan Easter-eggs] (in Danish). <a href="/wiki/Danmarks_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Danmarks Radio">Danmarks Radio</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcipan+p%C3%A5ske%C3%A6g&rft.pub=Danmarks+Radio&rft.date=2016-08-24&rft.au=Mette+Blomsterberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dr.dk%2Fmad%2Fopskrift%2Fmarcipan-paskeaeg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.dengamleby.dk/julehistorier/tag/konfekt/">"Marcipangrisen"</a> [The Marzipan-pig] (in Danish). <a href="/wiki/Den_Gamle_By" title="Den Gamle By">Den Gamle By</a> (Danish History Museum). 18 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcipangrisen&rft.pub=Den+Gamle+By+%28Danish+History+Museum%29&rft.date=2014-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.dengamleby.dk%2Fjulehistorier%2Ftag%2Fkonfekt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alt.dk/emner/marcipan">"Marcipan: Lav konfekt, bagværk og søde sager"</a> [Marzipan: Make confectionery, bakery and sweets] (in Danish). ALT.dk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcipan%3A+Lav+konfekt%2C+bagv%C3%A6rk+og+s%C3%B8de+sager&rft.pub=ALT.dk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alt.dk%2Femner%2Fmarcipan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dr.dk/mad/opskrift/gasebryster">"Gåsebryster"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Danmarks_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Danmarks Radio">Danmarks Radio</a>. 19 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G%C3%A5sebryster&rft.pub=Danmarks+Radio&rft.date=2016-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dr.dk%2Fmad%2Fopskrift%2Fgasebryster&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bog.dk/bag-en-konditorklassiker-lav-laekre-napoleonshatte-med-claus-meyer/">"Bag en konditorklassiker! Lær at lave lækre napoleonshatte med Claus Meyer"</a> [Bake a confectionery classic! Learn to make delicious <i>napoleonshatte</i> with <a href="/wiki/Claus_Meyer" title="Claus Meyer">Claus Meyer</a>] (in Danish). bog.dk. 4 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bag+en+konditorklassiker%21+L%C3%A6r+at+lave+l%C3%A6kre+napoleonshatte+med+Claus+Meyer&rft.pub=bog.dk&rft.date=2021-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbog.dk%2Fbag-en-konditorklassiker-lav-laekre-napoleonshatte-med-claus-meyer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kalev-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kalev_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208194457/http://www.kalev.eu/en/maiasmokk-cafe/kalev-marzipan-museum-room">"Kalev Marzipan Museum Room"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kalev_(confectioner)" title="Kalev (confectioner)">Kalev</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kalev.eu/en/maiasmokk-cafe/kalev-marzipan-museum-room">the original</a> on 8 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kalev+Marzipan+Museum+Room&rft.pub=Kalev&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kalev.eu%2Fen%2Fmaiasmokk-cafe%2Fkalev-marzipan-museum-room&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitlimousin.com/decouvrir/specialites-limousines-du-gout/les-specialites-sucrees-en-limousin/">"Les spécialités sucrées en Limousin"</a>. <i>Limousin - Nouveaux Horizons</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Limousin+-+Nouveaux+Horizons&rft.atitle=Les+sp%C3%A9cialit%C3%A9s+sucr%C3%A9es+en+Limousin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitlimousin.com%2Fdecouvrir%2Fspecialites-limousines-du-gout%2Fles-specialites-sucrees-en-limousin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiauton2005" class="citation book cs1">Piauton, Marilyn (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F5rY4WNGdjMC"><i>France: A Menu Guide for Travellers</i></a>. Gremese Editore. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7301-588-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7301-588-8"><bdi>978-88-7301-588-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=France%3A+A+Menu+Guide+for+Travellers&rft.pub=Gremese+Editore&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-88-7301-588-8&rft.aulast=Piauton&rft.aufirst=Marilyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF5rY4WNGdjMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCloake2016" class="citation news cs1">Cloake, Felicity (14 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/jan/14/how-to-make-the-perfect-battenberg-cake">"How to make the perfect battenberg cake"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+to+make+the+perfect+battenberg+cake&rft.date=2016-01-14&rft.aulast=Cloake&rft.aufirst=Felicity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2016%2Fjan%2F14%2Fhow-to-make-the-perfect-battenberg-cake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999245-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarer-Stein1999245_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarer-Stein1999">Barer-Stein 1999</a>, p. 245.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen-NaehHeld_Delaroza2023" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ben-Naeh, Yaron; Held Delaroza, Michal, eds. (2023). <i>The Old Sephardi Yishuv in Eretz Israel</i> [<i>היישוב היהודי הספרדי הישן בארץ ישראל</i>]. Jewish Communities in the East in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (in Hebrew). Ben-Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East; Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. p. 374. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1565-0774">1565-0774</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Old+Sephardi+Yishuv+in+Eretz+Israel&rft.series=Jewish+Communities+in+the+East+in+the+Nineteenth+and+Twentieth+Centuries&rft.pages=374&rft.pub=Ben-Zvi+Institute+for+the+Study+of+Jewish+Communities+in+the+East%3B+Yad+Izhak+Ben-Zvi+and+the+Hebrew+University+of+Jerusalem&rft.date=2023&rft.issn=1565-0774&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fondazioneslowfood.com/en/ark-of-taste-slow-food/pepitoria-2/">"Pepitoria"</a>, <i>Arca del Gusto</i>, Slow Food Foundation</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arca+del+Gusto&rft.atitle=Pepitoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fondazioneslowfood.com%2Fen%2Fark-of-taste-slow-food%2Fpepitoria-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Romero2007-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Romero2007_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Romero2007_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomero2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Romero, Dubraska (30 July 2007). "El Mazapán, una industria al alza". <i>Mural</i>. 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Vol. 55, no. 7 – <i>Al-Andalus</i> special compilation issue. pp. 58–65. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131225031510/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200407/arabs.almonds.sugar.and.toledo-.compilation.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aramco+World&rft.atitle=Arabs%2C+Almonds%2C+Sugar+and+Toledo&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=7+%E2%80%93+%27%27Al-Andalus%27%27+special+compilation+issue&rft.pages=58-65&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Eigeland&rft.aufirst=Tor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.aramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F200407%2Farabs.almonds.sugar.and.toledo-.compilation.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li>First published in: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/199603/default.htm">"Arabs, Almonds, Sugar and Toledo"</a>. <i>Aramco World</i>. Vol. 47, no. 3. May–June 1996. pp. 32–39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aramco+World&rft.atitle=Arabs%2C+Almonds%2C+Sugar+and+Toledo&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=32-39&rft.date=1996-05%2F1996-06&rft.aulast=Eigeland&rft.aufirst=Tor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.aramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F199603%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070901161019/http://www.spain.info/TourSpain/Gastronomia/Productos%20y%20Recetas/Productos/G/0/Mazapan%20artesano%20de%20Toledo?Language=ES">"Mazapan artesano de Toledo. Gastronomía en Castilla-La Mancha"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spain.info/TourSpain/Gastronomia/Productos%20y%20Recetas/Productos/G/0/Mazapan%20artesano%20de%20Toledo?Language=ES">the original</a> on 1 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mazapan+artesano+de+Toledo.+Gastronom%C3%ADa+en+Castilla-La+Mancha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spain.info%2FTourSpain%2FGastronomia%2FProductos%2520y%2520Recetas%2FProductos%2FG%2F0%2FMazapan%2520artesano%2520de%2520Toledo%3FLanguage%3DES&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lubecker-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lubecker_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/quality/door/registeredName.html?denominationId=408">EU profile – Lübecker Marzipan</a> (accessed 7 June 2009).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gehlhaar-marzipan.eu/">"Startseite Original Königsberger Gehlhaar-Marzipan"</a>. <i>Gehlhaar Marzipan</i> (in German). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jccm.es/agricul/paginas/comercial-industrial/consejosreguladores/Mazapan.htm">the original</a> on 27 July 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pasarela+Digital+%C3%9Anica+%7C+JCCM%3A+Sede+Electr%C3%B3nica+de+la+Junta+de+Comunidades+de+Castilla-La+Mancha&rft.atitle=Consejos%2C+comercial-industrial%3A+Mazapan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jccm.es%2Fagricul%2Fpaginas%2Fcomercial-industrial%2Fconsejosreguladores%2FMazapan.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMinifie1989594-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMinifie1989594_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMinifie1989594_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMinifie1989">Minifie 1989</a>, p. 594.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrüningHaaseMatissekFischer2011" class="citation journal cs1">Brüning, Philipp; Haase, Ilka; Matissek, Reinhard; Fischer, Markus (23 November 2011). "Marzipan: Polymerase Chain Reaction-Driven Methods for Authenticity Control". <i>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</i>. <b>59</b> (22): 11910–11917. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fjf202484a">10.1021/jf202484a</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21999195">21999195</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Marzipan%3A+Polymerase+Chain+Reaction-Driven+Methods+for+Authenticity+Control&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=22&rft.pages=11910-11917&rft.date=2011-11-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fjf202484a&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21999195&rft.aulast=Br%C3%BCning&rft.aufirst=Philipp&rft.au=Haase%2C+Ilka&rft.au=Matissek%2C+Reinhard&rft.au=Fischer%2C+Markus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDavidson_''et_al''.2006484-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDavidson_''et_al''.2006484_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDavidson_et_al.2006">Davidson <i>et al</i>. 2006</a>, p. 484.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMendel2008288-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMendel2008288_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMendel2008">Mendel 2008</a>, p. 288.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrenby1996" class="citation book cs1">Grenby, Trevor (1996). <i>Advances in Sweeteners</i>. Springer. p. 103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7514-0331-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7514-0331-2"><bdi>978-0-7514-0331-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advances+in+Sweeteners&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-7514-0331-2&rft.aulast=Grenby&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eb17-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eb17_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb17_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb17_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Marchpane" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Marchpane">Marchpane</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 691.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Marchpane&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=691&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dle.rae.es/mazap%25C3%25A1n">"mazapán"</a>. <i>Diccionario de la lengua española</i> (in Spanish) (Tricentenario ed.). Real Academia Española. 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=mazap%C3%A1n&rft.btitle=Diccionario+de+la+lengua+espa%C3%B1ola&rft.edition=Tricentenario&rft.pub=Real+Academia+Espa%C3%B1ola&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdle.rae.es%2Fmazap%2525C3%2525A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas_Harper2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Douglas Harper, ed. (28 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/marzipan#etymonline_v_9666">"Etymology of marzipan"</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Etymology+of+marzipan&rft.btitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.date=2018-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fmarzipan%23etymonline_v_9666&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatridge1958-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatridge1958_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatridge1958">Patridge 1958</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Food_Chemistry''2009881_42-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFood_Chemistry2009"><i>Food Chemistry</i> 2009</a>, p. 881.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristensenNørgaardHeimdalPedersen2004" class="citation journal cs1">Christensen, Jakob; Nørgaard, Lars; Heimdal, Hanne; Pedersen, Joan Grønkjær; Engelsen, Søren Balling (February 2004). "Rapid Spectroscopic Analysis of Marzipan—Comparative Instrumentation". <i>Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy</i>. <b>12</b> (1): 63–75. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004JNIS...12...63C">2004JNIS...12...63C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1255%2Fjnirs.408">10.1255/jnirs.408</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:94188094">94188094</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Near+Infrared+Spectroscopy&rft.atitle=Rapid+Spectroscopic+Analysis+of+Marzipan%E2%80%94Comparative+Instrumentation&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=63-75&rft.date=2004-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A94188094%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1255%2Fjnirs.408&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004JNIS...12...63C&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=Jakob&rft.au=N%C3%B8rgaard%2C+Lars&rft.au=Heimdal%2C+Hanne&rft.au=Pedersen%2C+Joan+Gr%C3%B8nkj%C3%A6r&rft.au=Engelsen%2C+S%C3%B8ren+Balling&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.almonds.com/sites/default/files/content/attachments/aq0100_almond_nutrient_comparison_chart_-_final_-_3_27.pdf">"Almond Board of California – Almond Composition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Almond+Board+of+California+%E2%80%93+Almond+Composition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.almonds.com%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fcontent%2Fattachments%2Faq0100_almond_nutrient_comparison_chart_-_final_-_3_27.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2012" class="citation book cs1">Booth, R. Gordon (6 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ui3UBwAAQBAJ&q=rheology+of+marzipan&pg=PA104"><i>Snack Food</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4613-1477-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4613-1477-6"><bdi>978-1-4613-1477-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Snack+Food&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft.isbn=978-1-4613-1477-6&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=R.+Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUi3UBwAAQBAJ%26q%3Drheology%2Bof%2Bmarzipan%26pg%3DPA104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarer-Stein1999" class="citation book cs1">Barer-Stein, Thelma (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/youeatwhatyouare00bare"><i>You Eat What You Are: People, Culture and Food Traditions</i></a></span>. Firefly Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55209-365-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-55209-365-4"><bdi>1-55209-365-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=You+Eat+What+You+Are%3A+People%2C+Culture+and+Food+Traditions&rft.pub=Firefly+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-55209-365-4&rft.aulast=Barer-Stein&rft.aufirst=Thelma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fyoueatwhatyouare00bare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFood_Chemistry2009" class="citation book cs1">Belitz, Hans-Dieter; Grosch, Werner; Schieberle, Peter (2009). <i>Food Chemistry</i>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-540-69933-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-540-69933-0"><bdi>978-3-540-69933-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Chemistry&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-3-540-69933-0&rft.aulast=Belitz&rft.aufirst=Hans-Dieter&rft.au=Grosch%2C+Werner&rft.au=Schieberle%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavidson_et_al.2006" class="citation book cs1">Davidson, Jane L.; Davidson, Alan; Saberi, Helen; Jaine, Tom (2006). <i>The Oxford companion to food</i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-280681-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-280681-5"><bdi>0-19-280681-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+companion+to+food&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-19-280681-5&rft.au=Davidson%2C+Jane+L.&rft.au=Davidson%2C+Alan&rft.au=Saberi%2C+Helen&rft.au=Jaine%2C+Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendel2008" class="citation book cs1">Mendel, Janet (2008). <i>Cooking from the Heart of Spain</i>. <a href="/wiki/Frances_Lincoln_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Frances Lincoln Publishers">Frances Lincoln Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7112-2873-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7112-2873-3"><bdi>978-0-7112-2873-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cooking+from+the+Heart+of+Spain&rft.pub=Frances+Lincoln+Publishers&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7112-2873-3&rft.aulast=Mendel&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinifie1989" class="citation book cs1">Minifie, Bernard W. (1989). <i>Chocolate, Cocoa, and Confectionery: Science and Technology</i>. Berlin: <a href="/wiki/Springer_Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer Verlag">Springer</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8342-1301-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8342-1301-X"><bdi>0-8342-1301-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chocolate%2C+Cocoa%2C+and+Confectionery%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-8342-1301-X&rft.aulast=Minifie&rft.aufirst=Bernard+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatridge1958" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Patridge, E. (1958). "marchpane". <i>Origins: A short etymological dictionary of the modern English</i>. London: Routledge. p. 380.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=marchpane&rft.btitle=Origins%3A+A+short+etymological+dictionary+of+the+modern+English&rft.place=London&rft.pages=380&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1958&rft.aulast=Patridge&rft.aufirst=E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarzipan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marzipan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Marchpane" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Marchpane">Marchpane</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Curwin, David (9 February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.balashon.com/2007/02/marzipan.html">"Etymology of <i>marzipan</i>"</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span>. <i>Balashon: Hebrew Language Detective</i> – a discussion of various etymologies</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.germanfoodguide.com/marzipan.cfm">"Marzipan"</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span>. <i>German Food Guide & Directory</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mazapan.es/historia.php">"Origenes del Mazapán"</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span>. <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Mazapan, el dulce de Navidad</i></span> [<i>Marzipan, the Christmas sweet</i>]</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130108031216/http://www.shakedtavor.co.il/home/doc.aspx?mCatID=23175">Marzipan museum</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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title="Comfit">Comfit</a> (<a href="/wiki/Drag%C3%A9e" title="Dragée">Dragée</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marron_glac%C3%A9" title="Marron glacé">Marron glacé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukhwas" title="Mukhwas">Mukhwas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noghl" title="Noghl">Noghl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Candied in mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alegr%C3%ADa_(Mexican_candy)" title="Alegría (Mexican candy)">Alegría</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brittle_(food)" title="Brittle (food)">Brittle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikki" title="Chikki">Chikki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchkhela" title="Churchkhela">Churchkhela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_biscuit" title="Florentine biscuit">Florentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajak" title="Gajak">Gajak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gozinaki" title="Gozinaki">Gozinaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brittle_(food)#Nougatine" title="Brittle (food)">Nougatine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%27%C3%AD_Ladrillo" title="Ka'í Ladrillo">Ka'í Ladrillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panforte" title="Panforte">Panforte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panocha_mani" class="mw-redirect" title="Panocha mani">Panocha mani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praline_(nut_confection)#European_nut_pralines" title="Praline (nut confection)">Pralin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praline_(nut_confection)#American_cream-based_pralines" title="Praline (nut confection)">Praline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9-de-moleque" class="mw-redirect" title="Pé-de-moleque">Pé-de-moleque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame_seed_candy" title="Sesame seed candy">Sesame seed candy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_asali" title="Sohan asali">Sohan asali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Enrobed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almond_bark" title="Almond bark">Almond bark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate-covered_almonds" title="Chocolate-covered almonds">Chocolate-covered almonds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">In mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biscotti" title="Biscotti">Biscotti</a> (Cantucci, Carquinyoli, Croquant)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stollen" title="Stollen">Stollen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turr%C3%B3n" title="Turrón">Turrón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Ground</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Raw or blanched</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calisson" title="Calisson">Calisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominostein" title="Dominostein">Dominostein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frangipane" title="Frangipane">Frangipane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaz_(candy)" title="Gaz (candy)">Gaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianduja_(chocolate)" title="Gianduja (chocolate)">Gianduja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halva" title="Halva">Halva</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marzipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nougat" title="Nougat">Nougat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panellets" title="Panellets">Panellets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persipan" title="Persipan">Persipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabrizi_Lovuez" title="Tabrizi Lovuez">Tabrizi Lovuez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Cooked</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barfi" title="Barfi">Nut barfi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kaju_katli" title="Kaju katli">Kaju katli</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Baked</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almond_biscuit" title="Almond biscuit">Almond biscuit (European)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_almond_biscuit" title="Chinese almond biscuit">Almond biscuit (Chinese)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaretti_di_Saronno" title="Amaretti di Saronno">Amaretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basler_L%C3%A4ckerli" title="Basler Läckerli">Basler Läckerli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berner_Honiglebkuchen" title="Berner Honiglebkuchen">Berner Honiglebkuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Bethmännchen">Bethmännchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavallucci" title="Cavallucci">Cavallucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financier_(cake)" title="Financier (cake)">Financier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friand" title="Friand">Friand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghoriba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghoriba">Ghoriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahk" title="Kahk">Kahk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kourabiedes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kourabiedes">Kourabiedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27amoul" title="Ma'amoul">Ma'amoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaron" title="Macaron">Macaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaroon" title="Macaroon">Macaroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaroon#Germany" title="Macaroon">Mandelhörnchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocciolini_di_Canzo" title="Nocciolini di Canzo">Nocciolini di Canzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%A7oca" title="Paçoca">Paçoca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprenjak" title="Paprenjak">Paprenjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polvor%C3%B3n" title="Polvorón">Polvorón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pignolo_(macaroon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pignolo (macaroon)">Pignolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_tea_cake" title="Russian tea cake">Russian tea cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Qurabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahini_cookie" title="Tahini cookie">Tahini cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuile" title="Tuile">Tuile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanillekipferl" title="Vanillekipferl">Vanillekipferl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Puréed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Blanc_(dessert)" title="Mont Blanc (dessert)">Mont Blanc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Filling, topping or base</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakewell_pudding" title="Bakewell pudding">Bakewell pudding</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bakewell_tart" title="Bakewell tart">tart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava">Baklava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battenberg_cake" title="Battenberg cake">Battenberg cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_claw" title="Bear claw">Bear claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bienenstich" title="Bienenstich">Bienenstich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponge_cake#Joconde_cake" title="Sponge cake">Biscuit Joconde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassata" title="Cassata">Cassata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacquoise" title="Dacquoise">Dacquoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_and_walnut_loaf" title="Date and walnut loaf">Date and walnut loaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_cake" title="Dundee cake">Dundee cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_letter" title="Dutch letter">Dutch letter</a> (Banket)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esterh%C3%A1zy_torte" title="Esterházy torte">Esterházy torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Kranz" title="Frankfurter Kranz">Frankfurter Kranz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9suite" title="Jésuite">Jésuite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerststol" title="Kerststol">Kerststol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_cake" title="Kyiv cake">Kyiv cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kransekake" class="mw-redirect" title="Kransekake">Kransekake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mis%C3%A9rable_cake" title="Misérable cake">Misérable cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecan_pie" title="Pecan pie">Pecan pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_cake" title="Princess cake">Princess cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reshteh_khoshkar" title="Reshteh khoshkar">Reshteh khoshkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sans_rival" title="Sans rival">Sans rival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvana_(food)" title="Silvana (food)">Silvana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simnel_cake" title="Simnel cake">Simnel cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarta_de_Santiago" title="Tarta de Santiago">Tarta de Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_and_coffee_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Walnut and coffee cake">Walnut and coffee cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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