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.mdn-anno.after { margin: -48px 0 0 0; } h3 + .mdn-anno.after { margin: -46px 0 0 0; } h4 + .mdn-anno.after { margin: -42px 0 0 0; } h5 + .mdn-anno.after { margin: -40px 0 0 0; } h6 + .mdn-anno.after { margin: -40px 0 0 0; } </style> <style>/* Boilerplate: style-ref-hints */ :root { --ref-hint-bg: #ddd; --ref-hint-text: var(--text); } @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { :root { --ref-hint-bg: #222; --ref-hint-text: var(--text); } } .ref-hint { display: inline-block; position: absolute; z-index: 35; width: 20em; width: 300px; height: auto; max-height: 500px; overflow: auto; padding: 0.5em 0.5em; font: small Helvetica Neue, sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback; background: var(--ref-hint-bg); color: var(--ref-hint-text); border: outset 0.2em; white-space: normal; /* in case it's moved into a pre */ } .ref-hint * { margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; } .ref-hint ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; list-style: none; } </style> <style>/* Boilerplate: style-var-click-highlighting */ /* Colors were chosen in Lab using https://nixsensor.com/free-color-converter/ D50 2deg illuminant, L in [0,100], a and b in [-128, 128] 0 = lab(85,0,85) 1 = lab(85,80,30) 2 = lab(85,-40,40) 3 = lab(85,-50,0) 4 = lab(85,5,15) 5 = lab(85,-10,-50) 6 = lab(85,35,-15) For darkmode: 0 = oklab(50% 0% 108%) 1 = oklab(50% -51% 51%) 2 = oklab(50% -64% -20%) 3 = oklab(50% 6% 19%) 4 = oklab(50% -12% -64%) 5 = oklab(50% 44% -19%) 6 = oklab(50% 102% 38%) */ [data-algorithm] var { cursor: pointer; } var[data-var-color] { background-color: var(--var-bg); box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px var(--var-bg); } var[data-var-color] { --var-bg: #F4D200; } var[data-var-color="1"] { --var-bg: #FF87A2; } var[data-var-color="2"] { --var-bg: #96E885; } var[data-var-color="3"] { --var-bg: #3EEED2; } var[data-var-color="4"] { --var-bg: #EACFB6; } var[data-var-color="5"] { --var-bg: #82DDFF; } var[data-var-color="6"] { --var-vg: #FFBCF2; } @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { var[data-var-color] { --var-bg: #bc1a00; } var[data-var-color="1"] { --var-bg: #007f00; } var[data-var-color="2"] { --var-bg: #008698; } var[data-var-color="3"] { --var-bg: #7f5b2b; } var[data-var-color="4"] { --var-bg: #004df3; } var[data-var-color="5"] { --var-bg: #a1248a; } var[data-var-color="6"] { --var-vg: #ff0000; } } </style> <body class="h-entry status-LS"> <div class="head"> <a class="logo" href="https://whatwg.org/"> <img alt="WHATWG" class="darkmode-aware" crossorigin height="100" src="https://resources.whatwg.org/logo-fetch.svg"> </a> <hgroup> <h1 class="p-name no-ref" id="title">Fetch</h1> Living Standard — Last Updated <time class="dt-updated" datetime="2025-03-27">27 March 2025</time> </hgroup> <div data-fill-with="spec-metadata"> <dl> <dt>Participate: <dd><a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch">GitHub whatwg/fetch</a> (<a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/new/choose">new issue</a>, <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues">open issues</a>) <dd><a href="https://whatwg.org/chat">Chat on Matrix</a> <dt>Commits: <dd><a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/commits">GitHub whatwg/fetch/commits</a> <dd><a href="/commit-snapshots/5a9680638ebfc2b3b7f4efb2bef0b579a2663951/" id="commit-snapshot-link">Snapshot as of this commit</a> <dd><a href="https://twitter.com/fetchstandard">@fetchstandard</a> <dt>Tests: <dd><a href="https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/tree/master/fetch">web-platform-tests fetch/</a> (<a href="https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/labels/fetch">ongoing work</a>) <dt>Translations (non-normative): <dd><a href="https://triple-underscore.github.io/Fetch-ja.html" hreflang="ja" lang="ja" rel="alternate">日本語</a> <dd><a href="https://htmlspecs.com/fetch/" hreflang="zh-hans" lang="zh-hans" rel="alternate">简体中文</a> </dl> </div> <div data-fill-with="warning"></div> </div> <div class="p-summary" data-fill-with="abstract"> <h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="abstract">Abstract</h2> The Fetch standard defines requests, responses, and the process that binds them: fetching. </div> <nav data-fill-with="table-of-contents" id="toc"> <h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref" id="contents">Table of Contents</h2> <ol class="toc" role="directory"> <li><a href="#goals"> Goals</a> <li><a href="#preface">1 Preface</a> <li> <a href="#infrastructure">2 Infrastructure</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#url">2.1 URL</a> <li> <a href="#http">2.2 HTTP</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#methods">2.2.1 Methods</a> <li><a href="#terminology-headers">2.2.2 Headers</a> <li><a href="#statuses">2.2.3 Statuses</a> <li><a href="#bodies">2.2.4 Bodies</a> <li><a href="#requests">2.2.5 Requests</a> <li><a href="#responses">2.2.6 Responses</a> <li><a href="#miscellaneous">2.2.7 Miscellaneous</a> </ol> <li><a href="#authentication-entries">2.3 Authentication entries</a> <li><a href="#fetch-groups">2.4 Fetch groups</a> <li><a href="#resolving-domains">2.5 Resolving domains</a> <li><a href="#connections">2.6 Connections</a> <li><a href="#network-partition-keys">2.7 Network partition keys</a> <li><a href="#http-cache-partitions">2.8 HTTP cache partitions</a> <li><a href="#port-blocking">2.9 Port blocking</a> <li><a href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-mime-type?">2.10 Should <var>response</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked due to its MIME type?</a> </ol> <li> <a href="#http-extensions">3 HTTP extensions</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#origin-header">3.1 `<code>Origin</code>` header</a> <li> <a href="#http-cors-protocol">3.2 CORS protocol</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#general">3.2.1 General</a> <li><a href="#http-requests">3.2.2 HTTP requests</a> <li><a href="#http-responses">3.2.3 HTTP responses</a> <li><a href="#http-new-header-syntax">3.2.4 HTTP new-header syntax</a> <li><a href="#cors-protocol-and-credentials">3.2.5 CORS protocol and credentials</a> <li><a href="#cors-protocol-examples">3.2.6 Examples</a> <li><a href="#cors-protocol-exceptions">3.2.7 CORS protocol exceptions</a> </ol> <li><a href="#content-length-header">3.3 `<code>Content-Length</code>` header</a> <li><a href="#content-type-header">3.4 `<code>Content-Type</code>` header</a> <li> <a href="#x-content-type-options-header">3.5 `<code>X-Content-Type-Options</code>` header</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-nosniff?">3.5.1 Should <var>response</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked due to nosniff?</a> </ol> <li><a href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-header">3.6 `<code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code>` header</a> <li><a href="#sec-purpose-header">3.7 `<code>Sec-Purpose</code>` header</a> </ol> <li> <a href="#fetching">4 Fetching</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#main-fetch">4.1 Main fetch</a> <li><a href="#scheme-fetch">4.2 Scheme fetch</a> <li><a href="#http-fetch">4.3 HTTP fetch</a> <li><a href="#http-redirect-fetch">4.4 HTTP-redirect fetch</a> <li><a href="#http-network-or-cache-fetch">4.5 HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> <li><a href="#http-network-fetch">4.6 HTTP-network fetch</a> <li><a href="#cors-preflight-fetch">4.7 CORS-preflight fetch</a> <li><a href="#cors-preflight-cache">4.8 CORS-preflight cache</a> <li><a href="#cors-check">4.9 CORS check</a> <li><a href="#tao-check">4.10 TAO check</a> </ol> <li> <a href="#fetch-api">5 Fetch API</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#headers-class">5.1 Headers class</a> <li><a href="#bodyinit-unions">5.2 BodyInit unions</a> <li><a href="#body-mixin">5.3 Body mixin</a> <li><a href="#request-class">5.4 Request class</a> <li><a href="#response-class">5.5 Response class</a> <li><a href="#fetch-method">5.6 Fetch method</a> <li><a href="#garbage-collection">5.7 Garbage collection</a> </ol> <li><a href="#data-urls">6 <code>data:</code> URLs</a> <li> <a href="#background-reading"> Background reading</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#http-header-layer-division"> HTTP header layer division</a> <li><a href="#atomic-http-redirect-handling"> Atomic HTTP redirect handling</a> <li><a href="#basic-safe-cors-protocol-setup"> Basic safe CORS protocol setup</a> <li><a href="#cors-protocol-and-http-caches"> CORS protocol and HTTP caches</a> <li><a href="#websocket-protocol"> WebSockets</a> </ol> <li> <a href="#fetch-elsewhere"> Using fetch in other standards</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#fetch-elsewhere-request"> Setting up a request</a> <li><a href="#fetch-elsewhere-fetch"> Invoking fetch and processing responses</a> <li><a href="#fetch-elsewhere-ongoing"> Manipulating an ongoing fetch</a> </ol> <li><a href="#acknowledgments"> Acknowledgments</a> <li><a href="#ipr"> Intellectual property rights</a> <li> <a href="#index"> Index</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#index-defined-here"> Terms defined by this specification</a> <li><a href="#index-defined-elsewhere"> Terms defined by reference</a> </ol> <li> <a href="#references"> References</a> <ol class="toc"> <li><a href="#normative"> Normative References</a> <li><a href="#informative"> Informative References</a> </ol> <li><a href="#idl-index"> IDL Index</a> </ol> </nav> <main> <h2 class="no-num short heading settled" id="goals">Goals</h2> The goal is to unify fetching across the web platform and provide consistent handling of everything that involves, including: <ul class="brief"> <li>URL schemes <li>Redirects <li>Cross-origin semantics <li>CSP <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-csp" title="Content Security Policy Level 3">[CSP]</a> <li>Fetch Metadata <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-fetch-metadata" title="Fetch Metadata Request Headers">[FETCH-METADATA]</a> <li>Service workers <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-sw" title="Service Workers">[SW]</a> <li>Mixed Content <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-mix" title="Mixed Content">[MIX]</a> <li>Upgrade Insecure Requests <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-upgrade-insecure-requests" title="Upgrade Insecure Requests">[UPGRADE-INSECURE-REQUESTS]</a> <li>`<code>Referer</code>` <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-referrer" title="Referrer Policy">[REFERRER]</a> </ul> To do so it also supersedes the HTTP `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-origin" id="ref-for-http-origin"><code>Origin</code></a>` header semantics originally defined in <cite>The Web Origin Concept</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-origin" title="The Web Origin Concept">[ORIGIN]</a> <h2 class="short heading settled" data-level="1" id="preface">1. Preface<a class="self-link" href="#preface"></a></h2> At a high level, fetching a resource is a fairly simple operation. A request goes in, a response comes out. The details of that operation are however quite involved and used to not be written down carefully and differ from one API to the next. Numerous APIs provide the ability to fetch a resource, e.g. HTML’s <code>img</code> and <code>script</code> element, CSS' <code>cursor</code> and <code>list-style-image</code>, the <code>navigator.sendBeacon()</code> and <code>self.importScripts()</code> JavaScript APIs. The Fetch Standard provides a unified architecture for these features so they are all consistent when it comes to various aspects of fetching, such as redirects and the CORS protocol. The Fetch Standard also defines the <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch"><code>fetch()</code></a> JavaScript API, which exposes most of the networking functionality at a fairly low level of abstraction. <h2 class="heading settled" data-level="2" id="infrastructure">2. Infrastructure<a class="self-link" href="#infrastructure"></a></h2> This specification depends on the Infra Standard. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-infra" title="Infra Standard">[INFRA]</a> This specification uses terminology from <cite>ABNF</cite>, <cite>Encoding</cite>, <cite>HTML</cite>, <cite>HTTP</cite>, <cite>MIME Sniffing</cite>, <cite>Streams</cite>, <cite>URL</cite>, <cite>Web IDL</cite>, and <cite>WebSockets</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-abnf" title="Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF">[ABNF]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-encoding" title="Encoding Standard">[ENCODING]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-mimesniff" title="MIME Sniffing Standard">[MIMESNIFF]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-streams" title="Streams Standard">[STREAMS]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-url" title="URL Standard">[URL]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-webidl" title="Web IDL Standard">[WEBIDL]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-websockets" title="WebSockets Standard">[WEBSOCKETS]</a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="abnf">ABNF</dfn> means ABNF as augmented by HTTP (in particular the addition of <code>#</code>) and RFC 7405. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc7405" title="Case-Sensitive String Support in ABNF">[RFC7405]</a> <hr> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="credentials">Credentials</dfn> are HTTP cookies, TLS client certificates, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#authentication-entry" id="ref-for-authentication-entry">authentication entries</a> (for HTTP authentication). <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-cookies" title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[COOKIES]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-tls" title="The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3">[TLS]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params">fetch params</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct" id="ref-for-struct">struct</a> used as a bookkeeping detail by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch">fetch</a> algorithm. It has the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct-item" id="ref-for-struct-item">items</a>: <dl> <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-request">request</dfn> <dd>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request">request</a>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-process-request-body">process request body chunk length</dfn> (default null) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body">process request end-of-body</dfn> (default null) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-process-early-hints-response">process early hints response</dfn> (default null) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-process-response">process response</dfn> (default null) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body">process response end-of-body</dfn> (default null) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-process-response-consume-body">process response consume body</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null or an algorithm. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-task-destination">task destination</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object">global object</a>, or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue">parallel queue</a>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability">cross-origin isolated capability</dfn> (default false) <dd>A boolean. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-controller">controller</dfn> (default a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller">fetch controller</a>) <dd>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller①">fetch controller</a>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-timing-info">timing info</dfn> <dd>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info">fetch timing info</a>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate">preloaded response candidate</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null, "<code>pending</code>", or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response">response</a>. </dl> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-controller">fetch controller</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct" id="ref-for-struct①">struct</a> used to enable callers of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①">fetch</a> to perform certain operations on it after it has started. It has the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct-item" id="ref-for-struct-item①">items</a>: <dl> <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-controller-state">state</dfn> (default "<code>ongoing</code>") <dd>"<code>ongoing</code>", "<code>terminated</code>", or "<code>aborted</code>" <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-controller-full-timing-info">full timing info</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info①">fetch timing info</a>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-controller-report-timing-steps">report timing steps</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null or an algorithm accepting a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object①">global object</a>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason">serialized abort reason</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="ref-for-sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Record</a> (result of <a data-link-type="abstract-op" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/structured-data.html#structuredserialize" id="ref-for-structuredserialize">StructuredSerialize</a>). <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps">next manual redirect steps</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null or an algorithm accepting nothing. </dl> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="report timing" data-algorithm-for="fetch controller"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="finalize-and-report-timing">report timing</dfn> for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller②">fetch controller</a> <var>controller</var> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object②">global object</a> <var>global</var>: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert">Assert</a>: <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-report-timing-steps" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-report-timing-steps">report timing steps</a> is non-null. <li> Call <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-report-timing-steps" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-report-timing-steps①">report timing steps</a> with <var>global</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="process the next manual redirect" data-algorithm-for="fetch controller"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-controller-process-the-next-manual-redirect">process the next manual redirect</dfn> for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller③">fetch controller</a> <var>controller</var>: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①">Assert</a>: <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps">next manual redirect steps</a> is non-null. <li> Call <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps①">next manual redirect steps</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="extract full timing info" data-algorithm-for="fetch controller"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="extract-full-timing-info">extract full timing info</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller④">fetch controller</a> <var>controller</var>: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②">Assert</a>: <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-full-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-full-timing-info">full timing info</a> is non-null. <li> Return <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-full-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-full-timing-info①">full timing info</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="abort" data-algorithm-for="fetch controller"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-controller-abort">abort</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller⑤">fetch controller</a> <var>controller</var> with an optional <var>error</var>: <ol> <li> Set <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-state" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-state">state</a> to "<code>aborted</code>". <li> Let <var>fallbackError</var> be an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#aborterror" id="ref-for-aborterror">AbortError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException">DOMException</a></code>. <li> Set <var>error</var> to <var>fallbackError</var> if it is not given. <li> Let <var>serializedError</var> be <a data-link-type="abstract-op" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/structured-data.html#structuredserialize" id="ref-for-structuredserialize①">StructuredSerialize</a>(<var>error</var>). If that threw an exception, catch it, and let <var>serializedError</var> be <a data-link-type="abstract-op" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/structured-data.html#structuredserialize" id="ref-for-structuredserialize②">StructuredSerialize</a>(<var>fallbackError</var>). <li> Set <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason">serialized abort reason</a> to <var>serializedError</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="deserialize a serialized abort reason"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="deserialize-a-serialized-abort-reason">deserialize a serialized abort reason</dfn>, given null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="ref-for-sec-list-and-record-specification-type①">Record</a> <var>abortReason</var> and a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#realm" id="ref-for-realm">realm</a> <var>realm</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>fallbackError</var> be an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#aborterror" id="ref-for-aborterror①">AbortError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①">DOMException</a></code>. <li> Let <var>deserializedError</var> be <var>fallbackError</var>. <li> If <var>abortReason</var> is non-null, then set <var>deserializedError</var> to <a data-link-type="abstract-op" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/structured-data.html#structureddeserialize" id="ref-for-structureddeserialize">StructuredDeserialize</a>(<var>abortReason</var>, <var>realm</var>). If that threw an exception or returned undefined, then set <var>deserializedError</var> to <var>fallbackError</var>. <li> Return <var>deserializedError</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="terminate" data-algorithm-for="fetch controller"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch controller" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-controller-terminate">terminate</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller⑥">fetch controller</a> <var>controller</var>, set <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-state" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-state①">state</a> to "<code>terminated</code>". </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var> is <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-aborted">aborted</dfn> if its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller">controller</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-state" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-state②">state</a> is "<code>aborted</code>". A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params①">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var> is <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch params" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-params-canceled">canceled</dfn> if its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller①">controller</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-state" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-state③">state</a> is "<code>aborted</code>" or "<code>terminated</code>". A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info">fetch timing info</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct" id="ref-for-struct②">struct</a> used to maintain timing information needed by <cite>Resource Timing</cite> and <cite>Navigation Timing</cite>. It has the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct-item" id="ref-for-struct-item②">items</a>: <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-resource-timing" title="Resource Timing">[RESOURCE-TIMING]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-navigation-timing" title="Navigation Timing">[NAVIGATION-TIMING]</a> <dl> <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-start-time">start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-redirect-start-time">redirect start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-redirect-end-time">redirect end time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time">post-redirect start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-final-service-worker-start-time">final service worker start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-final-network-request-start-time">final network-request start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-first-interim-network-response-start-time">first interim network-response start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-final-network-response-start-time">final network-response start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-end-time">end time</dfn> (default 0) <dd>A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dom-domhighrestimestamp" id="ref-for-dom-domhighrestimestamp">DOMHighResTimeStamp</a></code>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-final-connection-timing-info">final connection timing info</dfn> (default null) <dd>Null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info">connection timing info</a>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-server-timing-headers">server-timing headers</dfn> (default « ») <dd>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list">list</a> of strings. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-render-blocking">render-blocking</dfn> (default false) <dd>A boolean. </dl> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="response-body-info">response body info</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct" id="ref-for-struct③">struct</a> used to maintain information needed by <cite>Resource Timing</cite> and <cite>Navigation Timing</cite>. It has the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct-item" id="ref-for-struct-item③">items</a>: <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-resource-timing" title="Resource Timing">[RESOURCE-TIMING]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-navigation-timing" title="Navigation Timing">[NAVIGATION-TIMING]</a> <dl> <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response body info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-encoded-body-size">encoded size</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response body info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-timing-info-decoded-body-size">decoded size</dfn> (default 0) <dd>A number. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response body info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="response-body-info-content-type">content type</dfn> (default the empty string) <dd>An <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-string" id="ref-for-ascii-string">ASCII string</a>. </dl> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="create an opaque timing info"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="create an opaque timing info|creating an opaque timing info" id="create-an-opaque-timing-info">create an opaque timing info</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info②">fetch timing info</a> <var>timingInfo</var>, return a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info③">fetch timing info</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-start-time">start time</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time">post-redirect start time</a> are <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-start-time①">start time</a>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="queue a fetch task"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="queue-a-fetch-task">queue a fetch task</dfn>, given an algorithm <var>algorithm</var>, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object③">global object</a> or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue①">parallel queue</a> <var>taskDestination</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>taskDestination</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue②">parallel queue</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#enqueue-the-following-steps" id="ref-for-enqueue-the-following-steps">enqueue</a> <var>algorithm</var> to <var>taskDestination</var>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#queue-a-global-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-global-task">queue a global task</a> on the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#networking-task-source" id="ref-for-networking-task-source">networking task source</a> with <var>taskDestination</var> and <var>algorithm</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="serialize-an-integer">serialize an integer</dfn>, represent it as a string of the shortest possible decimal number. This will be replaced by a more descriptive algorithm in Infra. See <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/infra/issues/201">infra/201</a>. <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.1" id="url">2.1. URL<a class="self-link" href="#url"></a></h3> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="local-scheme">local scheme</dfn> is "<code>about</code>", "<code>blob</code>", or "<code>data</code>". A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url">URL</a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="is-local">is local</dfn> if its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme">scheme</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#local-scheme" id="ref-for-local-scheme">local scheme</a>. This definition is also used by <cite>Referrer Policy</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-referrer" title="Referrer Policy">[REFERRER]</a> An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="http-scheme">HTTP(S) scheme</dfn> is "<code>http</code>" or "<code>https</code>". A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-scheme">fetch scheme</dfn> is "<code>about</code>", "<code>blob</code>", "<code>data</code>", "<code>file</code>", or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme">HTTP(S) scheme</a>. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme①">HTTP(S) scheme</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-scheme" id="ref-for-fetch-scheme">fetch scheme</a> are also used by <cite>HTML</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2" id="http">2.2. HTTP<a class="self-link" href="#http"></a></h3> While <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②">fetching</a> encompasses more than just HTTP, it borrows a number of concepts from HTTP and applies these to resources obtained via other means (e.g., <code>data</code> URLs). An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="http-tab-or-space">HTTP tab or space</dfn> is U+0009 TAB or U+0020 SPACE. <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="http-whitespace">HTTP whitespace</dfn> is U+000A LF, U+000D CR, or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space">HTTP tab or space</a>. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-whitespace" id="ref-for-http-whitespace">HTTP whitespace</a> is only useful for specific constructs that are reused outside the context of HTTP headers (e.g., <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type" id="ref-for-mime-type">MIME types</a>). For HTTP header values, using <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space①">HTTP tab or space</a> is preferred, and outside that context <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-whitespace" id="ref-for-ascii-whitespace">ASCII whitespace</a> is preferred. Unlike <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-whitespace" id="ref-for-ascii-whitespace①">ASCII whitespace</a> this excludes U+000C FF. An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="http-newline-byte">HTTP newline byte</dfn> is 0x0A (LF) or 0x0D (CR). An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="http-tab-or-space-byte">HTTP tab or space byte</dfn> is 0x09 (HT) or 0x20 (SP). An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="http-whitespace-byte">HTTP whitespace byte</dfn> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-newline-byte" id="ref-for-http-newline-byte">HTTP newline byte</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space-byte" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space-byte">HTTP tab or space byte</a>. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="collect an HTTP quoted string"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="collect an HTTP quoted string|collecting an HTTP quoted string" id="collect-an-http-quoted-string">collect an HTTP quoted string</dfn> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string" id="ref-for-string">string</a> <var>input</var>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-position-variable" id="ref-for-string-position-variable">position variable</a> <var>position</var> and an optional boolean <var>extract-value</var> (default false): <ol> <li> Let <var>positionStart</var> be <var>position</var>. <li> Let <var>value</var> be the empty string. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert③">Assert</a>: the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point">code point</a> at <var>position</var> within <var>input</var> is U+0022 ("). <li> Advance <var>position</var> by 1. <li> While true: <ol> <li> Append the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points">collecting a sequence of code points</a> that are not U+0022 (") or U+005C (\) from <var>input</var>, given <var>position</var>, to <var>value</var>. <li> If <var>position</var> is past the end of <var>input</var>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-break" id="ref-for-iteration-break">break</a>. <li> Let <var>quoteOrBackslash</var> be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point①">code point</a> at <var>position</var> within <var>input</var>. <li> Advance <var>position</var> by 1. <li> If <var>quoteOrBackslash</var> is U+005C (\), then: <ol> <li> If <var>position</var> is past the end of <var>input</var>, then append U+005C (\) to <var>value</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-break" id="ref-for-iteration-break①">break</a>. <li> Append the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point②">code point</a> at <var>position</var> within <var>input</var> to <var>value</var>. <li> Advance <var>position</var> by 1. </ol> <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert④">Assert</a>: <var>quoteOrBackslash</var> is U+0022 ("). <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-break" id="ref-for-iteration-break②">Break</a>. </ol> </ol> <li> If <var>extract-value</var> is true, then return <var>value</var>. <li> Return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point③">code points</a> from <var>positionStart</var> to <var>position</var>, inclusive, within <var>input</var>. </ol> <div class="example" id="example-http-quoted-string"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-http-quoted-string"></a> <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Input <th>Output <th>Output with <var>extract-value</var> set to true <th>Final <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-position-variable" id="ref-for-string-position-variable①">position variable</a> value <tr> <td>"<code>"\</code>" <td>"<code>"\</code>" <td>"<code>\</code>" <td>2 <tr> <td>"<code>"Hello" World</code>" <td>"<code>"Hello"</code>" <td>"<code>Hello</code>" <td>7 <tr> <td>"<code>"Hello \\ World\""</code>" <td>"<code>"Hello \\ World\""</code>" <td>"<code>Hello \ World"</code>" <td>18 </table> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-position-variable" id="ref-for-string-position-variable②">position variable</a> always starts at 0 in these examples. </div> </div> <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.1" id="methods">2.2.1. Methods<a class="self-link" href="#methods"></a></h4> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-method">method</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence">byte sequence</a> that matches the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#method.overview" id="ref-for-method.overview">method</a> token production. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cors-safelisted-method">CORS-safelisted method</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method">method</a> that is `<code>GET</code>`, `<code>HEAD</code>`, or `<code>POST</code>`. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="forbidden-method">forbidden method</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method①">method</a> that is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for `<code>CONNECT</code>`, `<code>TRACE</code>`, or `<code>TRACK</code>`. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-httpverbsec1" title="Multiple vendors' web servers enable HTTP TRACE method by default.">[HTTPVERBSEC1]</a>, <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-httpverbsec2" title="Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) vulnerable to cross-site scripting via HTTP TRACK method.">[HTTPVERBSEC2]</a>, <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-httpverbsec3" title="HTTP proxy default configurations allow arbitrary TCP connections.">[HTTPVERBSEC3]</a> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="method" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-method-normalize">normalize</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method②">method</a>, if it is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for `<code>DELETE</code>`, `<code>GET</code>`, `<code>HEAD</code>`, `<code>OPTIONS</code>`, `<code>POST</code>`, or `<code>PUT</code>`, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-uppercase" id="ref-for-byte-uppercase">byte-uppercase</a> it. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method-normalize" id="ref-for-concept-method-normalize">Normalization</a> is done for backwards compatibility and consistency across APIs as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method③">methods</a> are actually "case-sensitive". <a class="self-link" href="#example-normalization"></a>Using `<code>patch</code>` is highly likely to result in a `<code>405 Method Not Allowed</code>`. `<code>PATCH</code>` is much more likely to succeed. There are no restrictions on <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method④">methods</a>. `<code>CHICKEN</code>` is perfectly acceptable (and not a misspelling of `<code>CHECKIN</code>`). Other than those that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method-normalize" id="ref-for-concept-method-normalize①">normalized</a> there are no casing restrictions either. `<code>Egg</code>` or `<code>eGg</code>` would be fine, though uppercase is encouraged for consistency. <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.2" id="terminology-headers">2.2.2. Headers<a class="self-link" href="#terminology-headers"></a></h4> HTTP generally refers to a header as a "field" or "header field". The web platform uses the more colloquial term "header". <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list">header list</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list①">list</a> of zero or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header">headers</a>. It is initially « ». A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list">header list</a> is essentially a specialized multimap: an ordered list of key-value pairs with potentially duplicate keys. Since headers other than `<code>Set-Cookie</code>` are always combined when exposed to client-side JavaScript, implementations could choose a more efficient representation, as long as they also support an associated data structure for `<code>Set-Cookie</code>` headers. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="get a structured field value" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-get-structured-header">get a structured field value</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name">header name</a> <var>name</var> and a string <var>type</var> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①">header list</a> <var>list</var>, run these steps. They return null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#rfc.section.2" id="ref-for-rfc.section.2">structured field value</a>. <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert⑤">Assert</a>: <var>type</var> is one of "<code>dictionary</code>", "<code>list</code>", or "<code>item</code>". <li> Let <var>value</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get">getting</a> <var>name</var> from <var>list</var>. <li> If <var>value</var> is null, then return null. <li> Let <var>result</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#text-parse" id="ref-for-text-parse">parsing structured fields</a> with <var>input_string</var> set to <var>value</var> and <var>header_type</var> set to <var>type</var>. <li> If parsing failed, then return null. <li> Return <var>result</var>. </ol> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-structured-header" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-structured-header">Get a structured field value</a> intentionally does not distinguish between a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①">header</a> not being present and its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value">value</a> failing to parse as a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#rfc.section.2" id="ref-for-rfc.section.2①">structured field value</a>. This ensures uniform processing across the web platform. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="set a structured field value" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-set-structured-header">set a structured field value</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#tuple" id="ref-for-tuple">tuple</a> (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①">header name</a> <var>name</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#rfc.section.2" id="ref-for-rfc.section.2②">structured field value</a> <var>structuredValue</var>), in a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list②">header list</a> <var>list</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>serializedValue</var> be the result of executing the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#text-serialize" id="ref-for-text-serialize">serializing structured fields</a> algorithm on <var>structuredValue</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-set" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-set">Set</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>serializedValue</var>) in <var>list</var>. </ol> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#rfc.section.2" id="ref-for-rfc.section.2③">Structured field values</a> are defined as objects which HTTP can (eventually) serialize in interesting and efficient ways. For the moment, Fetch only supports <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value">header values</a> as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①">byte sequences</a>, which means that these objects can be set in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list③">header lists</a> only via serialization, and they can be obtained from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list④">header lists</a> only by parsing. In the future the fact that they are objects might be preserved end-to-end. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc9651" title="Structured Field Values for HTTP">[RFC9651]</a> </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="contains" data-algorithm-for="header list"> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list⑤">header list</a> <var>list</var> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="contains|does not contain" id="header-list-contains">contains</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name②">header name</a> <var>name</var> if <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-contain" id="ref-for-list-contain">contains</a> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②">header</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name">name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive②">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for <var>name</var>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="get" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-get">get</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name③">header name</a> <var>name</var> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list⑥">header list</a> <var>list</var>, run these steps. They return null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value①">header value</a>. <ol> <li> If <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains">does not contain</a> <var>name</var>, then return null. <li> Return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①">values</a> of all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③">headers</a> in <var>list</var> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①">name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive③">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for <var>name</var>, separated from each other by 0x2C 0x20, in order. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="get, decode, and split" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="get, decode, and split|getting, decoding, and splitting" id="concept-header-list-get-decode-split">get, decode, and split</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name④">header name</a> <var>name</var> from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list⑦">header list</a> <var>list</var>, run these steps. They return null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list②">list</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string" id="ref-for-string①">strings</a>. <ol> <li> Let <var>value</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get①">getting</a> <var>name</var> from <var>list</var>. <li> If <var>value</var> is null, then return null. <li> Return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value-get-decode-and-split" id="ref-for-header-value-get-decode-and-split">getting, decoding, and splitting</a> <var>value</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="example" id="example-header-list-get-decode-split"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-header-list-get-decode-split"></a> This is how <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-decode-split">get, decode, and split</a> functions in practice with `<code>A</code>` as the <var>name</var> argument: <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Headers (as on the network) <th>Output <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: nosniff, </code></pre> <td rowspan="2">« "<code>nosniff</code>", "" » <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: nosniff B: sniff A: </code></pre> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: B: sniff </code></pre> <td>« "" » <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">B: sniff </code></pre> <td>null <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: text/html;", x/x</code></pre> <td rowspan="2">« "<code>text/html;", x/x</code>" » <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: text/html;" A: x/x </code></pre> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: x/x;test="hi",y/y </code></pre> <td rowspan="2">« "<code>x/x;test="hi"</code>", "<code>y/y</code>" » <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: x/x;test="hi" C: **bingo** A: y/y </code></pre> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: x / x,,,1 </code></pre> <td rowspan="2">« "<code>x / x</code>", "", "", "<code>1</code>" » <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: x / x A: , A: 1 </code></pre> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: "1,2", 3 </code></pre> <td rowspan="2">« "<code>"1,2"</code>", "<code>3</code>" » <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">A: "1,2" D: 4 A: 3 </code></pre> </table> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="get, decode, and split" data-algorithm-for="header value"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header value" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="get, decode, and split|getting, decoding, and splitting" data-noexport id="header-value-get-decode-and-split">get, decode, and split</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value②">header value</a> <var>value</var>, run these steps. They return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list③">list</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string" id="ref-for-string②">strings</a>. <ol> <li> Let <var>input</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-decode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-decode">isomorphic decoding</a> <var>value</var>. <li> Let <var>position</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-position-variable" id="ref-for-string-position-variable③">position variable</a> for <var>input</var>, initially pointing at the start of <var>input</var>. <li> Let <var>values</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list④">list</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string" id="ref-for-string③">strings</a>, initially « ». <li> Let <var>temporaryValue</var> be the empty string. <li> While true: <ol> <li> Append the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points①">collecting a sequence of code points</a> that are not U+0022 (") or U+002C (,) from <var>input</var>, given <var>position</var>, to <var>temporaryValue</var>. The result might be the empty string. <li> If <var>position</var> is not past the end of <var>input</var> and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point④">code point</a> at <var>position</var> within <var>input</var> is U+0022 ("): <ol> <li> Append the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#collect-an-http-quoted-string" id="ref-for-collect-an-http-quoted-string">collecting an HTTP quoted string</a> from <var>input</var>, given <var>position</var>, to <var>temporaryValue</var>. <li>If <var>position</var> is not past the end of <var>input</var>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-continue" id="ref-for-iteration-continue">continue</a>. </ol> <li> Remove all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space②">HTTP tab or space</a> from the start and end of <var>temporaryValue</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append">Append</a> <var>temporaryValue</var> to <var>values</var>. <li> Set <var>temporaryValue</var> to the empty string. <li> If <var>position</var> is past the end of <var>input</var>, then return <var>values</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert⑥">Assert</a>: the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point⑤">code point</a> at <var>position</var> within <var>input</var> is U+002C (,). <li> Advance <var>position</var> by 1. </ol> </ol> Except for blessed call sites, the algorithm directly above is not to be invoked directly. Use <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-decode-split①">get, decode, and split</a> instead. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="append" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-append">append</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list⑧">header list</a> <var>list</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①">contains</a> <var>name</var>, then set <var>name</var> to the first such <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤">header</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name②">name</a>. This reuses the casing of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name③">name</a> of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑥">header</a> already in <var>list</var>, if any. If there are multiple matched <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑦">headers</a> their <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name④">names</a> will all be identical. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append①">Append</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to <var>list</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="delete" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-delete">delete</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name⑤">header name</a> <var>name</var> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list⑨">header list</a> <var>list</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-remove" id="ref-for-list-remove">remove</a> all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑧">headers</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name⑤">name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive④">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for <var>name</var> from <var>list</var>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="set" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-set">set</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑨">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) in a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①⓪">header list</a> <var>list</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②">contains</a> <var>name</var>, then set the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value②">value</a> of the first such <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①⓪">header</a> to <var>value</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-remove" id="ref-for-list-remove①">remove</a> the others. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append②">append</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to <var>list</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="combine" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-combine">combine</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①①">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) in a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①①">header list</a> <var>list</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains③">contains</a> <var>name</var>, then set the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value③">value</a> of the first such <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①②">header</a> to its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value④">value</a>, followed by 0x2C 0x20, followed by <var>value</var>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append③">append</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to <var>list</var>. </ol> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-combine" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-combine">Combine</a> is used by <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></code> and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-establish" id="ref-for-concept-websocket-establish">WebSocket protocol handshake</a>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="convert header names to a sorted-lowercase set"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="convert-header-names-to-a-sorted-lowercase-set">convert header names to a sorted-lowercase set</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list⑤">list</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name⑥">names</a> <var>headerNames</var>, run these steps. They return an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ordered-set" id="ref-for-ordered-set">ordered set</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name⑥">header names</a>. <ol> <li> Let <var>headerNamesSet</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ordered-set" id="ref-for-ordered-set①">ordered set</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate">For each</a> <var>name</var> of <var>headerNames</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#set-append" id="ref-for-set-append">append</a> the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-lowercase" id="ref-for-byte-lowercase">byte-lowercasing</a> <var>name</var> to <var>headerNamesSet</var>. <li> Return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-sort-in-ascending-order" id="ref-for-list-sort-in-ascending-order">sorting</a> <var>headerNamesSet</var> in ascending order with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-less-than" id="ref-for-byte-less-than">byte less than</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="sort and combine" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-list-sort-and-combine">sort and combine</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①②">header list</a> <var>list</var>, run these steps. They return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①③">header list</a>. <ol> <li> Let <var>headers</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①④">header list</a>. <li> Let <var>names</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#convert-header-names-to-a-sorted-lowercase-set" id="ref-for-convert-header-names-to-a-sorted-lowercase-set">convert header names to a sorted-lowercase set</a> with all the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name⑦">names</a> of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①③">headers</a> in <var>list</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①">For each</a> <var>name</var> of <var>names</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>name</var> is `<code>set-cookie</code>`, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>values</var> be a list of all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value⑤">values</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①④">headers</a> in <var>list</var> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name⑧">name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive⑤">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for <var>name</var>, in order. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate②">For each</a> <var>value</var> of <var>values</var>: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append④">Append</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to <var>headers</var>. </ol> </ol> <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> Let <var>value</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get②">getting</a> <var>name</var> from <var>list</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert⑦">Assert</a>: <var>value</var> is non-null. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append⑤">Append</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to <var>headers</var>. </ol> </ol> <li> Return <var>headers</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header">header</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#tuple" id="ref-for-tuple①">tuple</a> that consists of a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-name">name</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name⑦">header name</a>) and <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-value">value</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value③">header value</a>). A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="header-name">header name</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②">byte sequence</a> that matches the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#fields.names" id="ref-for-fields.names">field-name</a> token production. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="header-value">header value</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence③">byte sequence</a> that matches the following conditions: <ul class="brief"> <li> Has no leading or trailing <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space-byte" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space-byte①">HTTP tab or space bytes</a>. <li> Contains no 0x00 (NUL) or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-newline-byte" id="ref-for-http-newline-byte①">HTTP newline bytes</a>. </ul> The definition of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value④">header value</a> is not defined in terms of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#fields.values" id="ref-for-fields.values">field-value</a> token production as it is <a href="https://github.com/httpwg/http-core/issues/215" title="field-value value space">not compatible with deployed content</a>. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="normalize" data-algorithm-for="header value"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header value" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-header-value-normalize">normalize</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence④">byte sequence</a> <var>potentialValue</var>, remove any leading and trailing <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-whitespace-byte" id="ref-for-http-whitespace-byte">HTTP whitespace bytes</a> from <var>potentialValue</var>. </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="CORS-safelisted request-header"> To determine whether a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①⑤">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cors-safelisted-request-header">CORS-safelisted request-header</dfn>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>value</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence-length" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-length">length</a> is greater than 128, then return false. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-lowercase" id="ref-for-byte-lowercase①">Byte-lowercase</a> <var>name</var> and switch on the result: <dl class="switch"> <dt>`<code>accept</code>` <dd> If <var>value</var> contains a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-byte" id="ref-for-cors-unsafe-request-header-byte">CORS-unsafe request-header byte</a>, then return false. <dt>`<code>accept-language</code>` <dt>`<code>content-language</code>` <dd> If <var>value</var> contains a byte that is not in the range 0x30 (0) to 0x39 (9), inclusive, is not in the range 0x41 (A) to 0x5A (Z), inclusive, is not in the range 0x61 (a) to 0x7A (z), inclusive, and is not 0x20 (SP), 0x2A (*), 0x2C (,), 0x2D (-), 0x2E (.), 0x3B (;), or 0x3D (=), then return false. <dt>`<code>content-type</code>` <dd> <ol> <li> If <var>value</var> contains a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-byte" id="ref-for-cors-unsafe-request-header-byte①">CORS-unsafe request-header byte</a>, then return false. <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parse-a-mime-type" id="ref-for-parse-a-mime-type">parsing</a> the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-decode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-decode①">isomorphic decoding</a> <var>value</var>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var> is failure, then return false. <li> If <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence">essence</a> is not "<code>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code>", "<code>multipart/form-data</code>", or "<code>text/plain</code>", then return false. </ol> This intentionally does not use <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type">extract a MIME type</a> as that algorithm is rather forgiving and servers are not expected to implement it. <div class="example" id="example-cors-safelisted-request-header-content-type"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-cors-safelisted-request-header-content-type"></a> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type①">extract a MIME type</a> were used the following request would not result in a CORS preflight and a naïve parser on the server might treat the request body as JSON: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://victim.example/naïve-endpoint"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- p>{</c-> method<c- o>:</c-> <c- u>"POST"</c-><c- p>,</c-> headers<c- o>:</c-> <c- p>[</c-> <c- p>[</c-><c- u>"Content-Type"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- u>"application/json"</c-><c- p>],</c-> <c- p>[</c-><c- u>"Content-Type"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- u>"text/plain"</c-><c- p>]</c-> <c- p>],</c-> credentials<c- o>:</c-> <c- u>"include"</c-><c- p>,</c-> body<c- o>:</c-> JSON<c- p>.</c->stringify<c- p>(</c->exerciseForTheReader<c- p>)</c-> <c- p>});</c-> </code></pre> </div> <dt>`<code>range</code>` <dd> <ol> <li> Let <var>rangeValue</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#simple-range-header-value" id="ref-for-simple-range-header-value">parsing a single range header value</a> given <var>value</var> and false. <li> If <var>rangeValue</var> is failure, then return false. <li> If <var>rangeValue</var>[0] is null, then return false. As web browsers have historically not emitted ranges such as `<code>bytes=-500</code>` this algorithm does not safelist them. </ol> <dt>Otherwise <dd> Return false. </dl> <li> Return true. </ol> There are limited exceptions to the `<code>Content-Type</code>` header safelist, as documented in <a href="#cors-protocol-exceptions">CORS protocol exceptions</a>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="CORS-unsafe request-header byte"> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="cors-unsafe-request-header-byte">CORS-unsafe request-header byte</dfn> is a byte <var>byte</var> for which one of the following is true: <ul class="brief"> <li> <var>byte</var> is less than 0x20 and is not 0x09 HT <li> <var>byte</var> is 0x22 ("), 0x28 (left parenthesis), 0x29 (right parenthesis), 0x3A (:), 0x3C (<), 0x3E (>), 0x3F (?), 0x40 (@), 0x5B ([), 0x5C (\), 0x5D (]), 0x7B ({), 0x7D (}), or 0x7F DEL. </ul> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="CORS-unsafe request-header names"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="cors-unsafe-request-header-names">CORS-unsafe request-header names</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①⑤">header list</a> <var>headers</var>, are determined as follows: <ol> <li> Let <var>unsafeNames</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list⑥">list</a>. <li> Let <var>potentiallyUnsafeNames</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list⑦">list</a>. <li> Let <var>safelistValueSize</var> be 0. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate③">For each</a> <var>header</var> of <var>headers</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>header</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-request-header" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-request-header">CORS-safelisted request-header</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append⑥">append</a> <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name⑨">name</a> to <var>unsafeNames</var>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append⑦">append</a> <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①⓪">name</a> to <var>potentiallyUnsafeNames</var> and increase <var>safelistValueSize</var> by <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value⑥">value</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence-length" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-length①">length</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>safelistValueSize</var> is greater than 1024, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate④">for each</a> <var>name</var> of <var>potentiallyUnsafeNames</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append⑧">append</a> <var>name</var> to <var>unsafeNames</var>. <li> Return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#convert-header-names-to-a-sorted-lowercase-set" id="ref-for-convert-header-names-to-a-sorted-lowercase-set①">convert header names to a sorted-lowercase set</a> with <var>unsafeNames</var>. </ol> </div> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name">CORS non-wildcard request-header name</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name⑧">header name</a> that is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive⑥">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for `<code>Authorization</code>`. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="privileged-no-cors-request-header-name">privileged no-CORS request-header name</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name⑨">header name</a> that is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive⑦">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for one of <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>Range</code>`. </ul> <div class="note" role="note"> These are headers that can be set by privileged APIs, and will be preserved if their associated request object is copied, but will be removed if the request is modified by unprivileged APIs. `<code>Range</code>` headers are commonly used by <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/links.html#downloading-hyperlinks" id="ref-for-downloading-hyperlinks">downloads</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/media.html#concept-media-load-resource" id="ref-for-concept-media-load-resource">media fetches</a>. A helper is provided to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-add-range-header" id="ref-for-concept-request-add-range-header">add a range header</a> to a particular request. </div> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cors-safelisted-response-header-name">CORS-safelisted response-header name</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list⑧">list</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①⓪">header names</a> <var>list</var>, is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①①">header name</a> that is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive⑧">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for one of <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>Cache-Control</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Language</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Length</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Type</code>` <li>`<code>Expires</code>` <li>`<code>Last-Modified</code>` <li>`<code>Pragma</code>` <li>Any <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-item" id="ref-for-list-item">item</a> in <var>list</var> that is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-response-header-name" id="ref-for-forbidden-response-header-name">forbidden response-header name</a>. </ul> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="no-cors-safelisted-request-header-name">no-CORS-safelisted request-header name</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①②">header name</a> that is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive⑨">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for one of <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>Accept</code>` <li>`<code>Accept-Language</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Language</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Type</code>` </ul> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="no-CORS-safelisted request-header"> To determine whether a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①⑥">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="no-cors-safelisted-request-header">no-CORS-safelisted request-header</dfn>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>name</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#no-cors-safelisted-request-header-name" id="ref-for-no-cors-safelisted-request-header-name">no-CORS-safelisted request-header name</a>, then return false. <li> Return whether (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-request-header" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-request-header①">CORS-safelisted request-header</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="forbidden request-header"> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①⑦">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) is <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="forbidden-request-header">forbidden request-header</dfn> if these steps return true: <ol> <li> If <var>name</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①⓪">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for one of: <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>Accept-Charset</code>` <li>`<code>Accept-Encoding</code>` <li>`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-request-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-request-headers"><code>Access-Control-Request-Headers</code></a>` <li>`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-request-method" id="ref-for-http-access-control-request-method"><code>Access-Control-Request-Method</code></a>` <li>`<code>Connection</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Length</code>` <li>`<code>Cookie</code>` <li>`<code>Cookie2</code>` <li>`<code>Date</code>` <li>`<code>DNT</code>` <li>`<code>Expect</code>` <li>`<code>Host</code>` <li>`<code>Keep-Alive</code>` <li>`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-origin" id="ref-for-http-origin①"><code>Origin</code></a>` <li>`<code>Referer</code>` <li>`<code>Set-Cookie</code>` <li>`<code>TE</code>` <li>`<code>Trailer</code>` <li>`<code>Transfer-Encoding</code>` <li>`<code>Upgrade</code>` <li>`<code>Via</code>` </ul> then return true. <li> If <var>name</var> when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-lowercase" id="ref-for-byte-lowercase②">byte-lowercased</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence-starts-with" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-starts-with">starts with</a> `<code>proxy-</code>` or `<code>sec-</code>`, then return true. <li> If <var>name</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①①">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for one of: <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>X-HTTP-Method</code>` <li>`<code>X-HTTP-Method-Override</code>` <li>`<code>X-Method-Override</code>` </ul> then: <ol> <li> Let <var>parsedValues</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value-get-decode-and-split" id="ref-for-header-value-get-decode-and-split①">getting, decoding, and splitting</a> <var>value</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate⑤">For each</a> <var>method</var> of <var>parsedValues</var>: if the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode">isomorphic encoding</a> of <var>method</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-method" id="ref-for-forbidden-method">forbidden method</a>, then return true. </ol> <li> Return false. </ol> <div class="note" role="note"> These are forbidden so the user agent remains in full control over them. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①③">Header names</a> starting with `<code>Sec-</code>` are reserved to allow new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①⑧">headers</a> to be minted that are safe from APIs using <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③">fetch</a> that allow control over <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header①⑨">headers</a> by developers, such as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest①">XMLHttpRequest</a></code>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-xhr" title="XMLHttpRequest Standard">[XHR]</a> The `<code>Set-Cookie</code>` header is semantically a response header, so it is not useful on requests. Because `<code>Set-Cookie</code>` headers cannot be combined, they require more complex handling in the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers">Headers</a></code> object. It is forbidden here to avoid leaking this complexity into requests. </div> </div> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="forbidden-response-header-name">forbidden response-header name</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①④">header name</a> that is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①②">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for one of: <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>Set-Cookie</code>` <li>`<code>Set-Cookie2</code>` </ul> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-body-header-name">request-body-header name</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①⑤">header name</a> that is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①③">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for one of: <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>Content-Encoding</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Language</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Location</code>` <li>`<code>Content-Type</code>` </ul> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="extract header values"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="extract header values|extracting header values" id="extract-header-values">extract header values</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②⓪">header</a> <var>header</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If parsing <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value⑦">value</a>, per the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abnf" id="ref-for-abnf">ABNF</a> for <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①①">name</a>, fails, then return failure. <li> Return one or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value⑧">values</a> resulting from parsing <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value⑨">value</a>, per the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abnf" id="ref-for-abnf①">ABNF</a> for <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①②">name</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="extract header list values"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="extract header list values|extracting header list values" id="extract-header-list-values">extract header list values</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①⑥">header name</a> <var>name</var> and a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①⑥">header list</a> <var>list</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains④">does not contain</a> <var>name</var>, then return null. <li> If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abnf" id="ref-for-abnf②">ABNF</a> for <var>name</var> allows a single <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②①">header</a> and <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains⑤">contains</a> more than one, then return failure. If different error handling is needed, extract the desired <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②②">header</a> first. <li> Let <var>values</var> be an empty <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list⑨">list</a>. <li> For each <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②③">header</a> <var>header</var> <var>list</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains⑥">contains</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①③">name</a> is <var>name</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>extract</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-values">extracting header values</a> from <var>header</var>. <li> If <var>extract</var> is failure, then return failure. <li> Append each <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①⓪">value</a> in <var>extract</var>, in order, to <var>values</var>. </ol> <li> Return <var>values</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="build a content range"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="build-a-content-range">build a content range</dfn> given an integer <var>rangeStart</var>, an integer <var>rangeEnd</var>, and an integer <var>fullLength</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>contentRange</var> be `<code>bytes </code>`. <li> Append <var>rangeStart</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode①">isomorphic encoded</a>, to <var>contentRange</var>. <li> Append 0x2D (-) to <var>contentRange</var>. <li> Append <var>rangeEnd</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer①">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode②">isomorphic encoded</a> to <var>contentRange</var>. <li> Append 0x2F (/) to <var>contentRange</var>. <li> Append <var>fullLength</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer②">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode③">isomorphic encoded</a> to <var>contentRange</var>. <li> Return <var>contentRange</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="parse a single range header value"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="simple-range-header-value">parse a single range header value</dfn> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence⑤">byte sequence</a> <var>value</var> and a boolean <var>allowWhitespace</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>data</var> be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-decode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-decode②">isomorphic decoding</a> of <var>value</var>. <li> If <var>data</var> does not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-starts-with" id="ref-for-string-starts-with">start with</a> "<code>bytes</code>", then return failure. <li> Let <var>position</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-position-variable" id="ref-for-string-position-variable④">position variable</a> for <var>data</var>, initially pointing at the 5th <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point⑥">code point</a> of <var>data</var>. <li> If <var>allowWhitespace</var> is true, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points②">collect a sequence of code points</a> that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space③">HTTP tab or space</a>, from <var>data</var> given <var>position</var>. <li> If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point⑦">code point</a> at <var>position</var> within <var>data</var> is not U+003D (=), then return failure. <li> Advance <var>position</var> by 1. <li> If <var>allowWhitespace</var> is true, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points③">collect a sequence of code points</a> that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space④">HTTP tab or space</a>, from <var>data</var> given <var>position</var>. <li> Let <var>rangeStart</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points④">collecting a sequence of code points</a> that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-digit" id="ref-for-ascii-digit">ASCII digits</a>, from <var>data</var> given <var>position</var>. <li> Let <var>rangeStartValue</var> be <var>rangeStart</var>, interpreted as decimal number, if <var>rangeStart</var> is not the empty string; otherwise null. <li> If <var>allowWhitespace</var> is true, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points⑤">collect a sequence of code points</a> that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space⑤">HTTP tab or space</a>, from <var>data</var> given <var>position</var>. <li> If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point⑧">code point</a> at <var>position</var> within <var>data</var> is not U+002D (-), then return failure. <li> Advance <var>position</var> by 1. <li> If <var>allowWhitespace</var> is true, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points⑥">collect a sequence of code points</a> that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-tab-or-space" id="ref-for-http-tab-or-space⑥">HTTP tab or space</a>, from <var>data</var> given <var>position</var>. <li> Let <var>rangeEnd</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points⑦">collecting a sequence of code points</a> that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-digit" id="ref-for-ascii-digit①">ASCII digits</a>, from <var>data</var> given <var>position</var>. <li> Let <var>rangeEndValue</var> be <var>rangeEnd</var>, interpreted as decimal number, if <var>rangeEnd</var> is not the empty string; otherwise null. <li> If <var>position</var> is not past the end of <var>data</var>, then return failure. <li> If <var>rangeEndValue</var> and <var>rangeStartValue</var> are null, then return failure. <li> If <var>rangeStartValue</var> and <var>rangeEndValue</var> are numbers, and <var>rangeStartValue</var> is greater than <var>rangeEndValue</var>, then return failure. <li> Return (<var>rangeStartValue</var>, <var>rangeEndValue</var>). The range end or start can be omitted, e.g., `<code>bytes=0-</code>` or `<code>bytes=-500</code>` are valid ranges. </ol> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#simple-range-header-value" id="ref-for-simple-range-header-value①">Parse a single range header value</a> succeeds for a subset of allowed range header values, but it is the most common form used by user agents when requesting media or resuming downloads. This format of range header value can be set using <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-add-range-header" id="ref-for-concept-request-add-range-header①">add a range header</a>. </div> <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="default-user-agent-value">default `<code>User-Agent</code>` value</dfn> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined">implementation-defined</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value⑤">header value</a> for the `<code>User-Agent</code>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②④">header</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="document-accept-header-value">document `<code>Accept</code>` header value</dfn> is `<code>text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8</code>`. <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.3" id="statuses">2.2.3. Statuses<a class="self-link" href="#statuses"></a></h4> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-status">status</dfn> is an integer in the range 0 to 999, inclusive. Various edge cases in mapping HTTP/1’s <code>status-code</code> to this concept are worked on in <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/1156">issue #1156</a>. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="null-body-status">null body status</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-status" id="ref-for-concept-status">status</a> that is 101, 103, 204, 205, or 304. An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="ok-status">ok status</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-status" id="ref-for-concept-status①">status</a> in the range 200 to 299, inclusive. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="redirect-status">redirect status</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-status" id="ref-for-concept-status②">status</a> that is 301, 302, 303, 307, or 308. <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.4" id="bodies">2.2.4. Bodies<a class="self-link" href="#bodies"></a></h4> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-body">body</dfn> consists of: <ul> <li> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-body-stream">stream</dfn> (a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream">ReadableStream</a></code> object). <li> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-body-source">source</dfn> (null, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence⑥">byte sequence</a>, a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob">Blob</a></code> object, or a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata" id="ref-for-formdata">FormData</a></code> object), initially null. <li> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-body-total-bytes">length</dfn> (null or an integer), initially null. </ul> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="clone" data-algorithm-for="body"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-body-clone">clone</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body">body</a> <var>body</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let « <var>out1</var>, <var>out2</var> » be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-tee" id="ref-for-readablestream-tee">teeing</a> <var>body</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream">stream</a>. <li> Set <var>body</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①">stream</a> to <var>out1</var>. <li> Return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body①">body</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream②">stream</a> is <var>out2</var> and other members are copied from <var>body</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="as a body" data-algorithm-for="byte sequence"> To get a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence⑦">byte sequence</a> <var>bytes</var> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="byte sequence" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="byte-sequence-as-a-body">as a body</dfn>, return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-body" id="ref-for-body-with-type-body">body</a> of the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bodyinit-safely-extract" id="ref-for-bodyinit-safely-extract">safely extracting</a> <var>bytes</var>. </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="incrementally read" data-algorithm-for="body"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="body-incrementally-read">incrementally read</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body②">body</a> <var>body</var>, given an algorithm <var>processBodyChunk</var>, an algorithm <var>processEndOfBody</var>, an algorithm <var>processBodyError</var>, and an optional null, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue③">parallel queue</a>, or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object④">global object</a> <var>taskDestination</var> (default null), run these steps. <var>processBodyChunk</var> must be an algorithm accepting a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence⑧">byte sequence</a>. <var>processEndOfBody</var> must be an algorithm accepting no arguments. <var>processBodyError</var> must be an algorithm accepting an exception. <ol> <li> If <var>taskDestination</var> is null, then set <var>taskDestination</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#starting-a-new-parallel-queue" id="ref-for-starting-a-new-parallel-queue">starting a new parallel queue</a>. <li> Let <var>reader</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-get-a-reader" id="ref-for-readablestream-get-a-reader">getting a reader</a> for <var>body</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream③">stream</a>. This operation will not throw an exception. <li> Perform the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#incrementally-read-loop" id="ref-for-incrementally-read-loop">incrementally-read loop</a> given <var>reader</var>, <var>taskDestination</var>, <var>processBodyChunk</var>, <var>processEndOfBody</var>, and <var>processBodyError</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="incrementally-read loop"> To perform the <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="incrementally-read-loop">incrementally-read loop</dfn>, given a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestreamdefaultreader" id="ref-for-readablestreamdefaultreader">ReadableStreamDefaultReader</a></code> object <var>reader</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue④">parallel queue</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object⑤">global object</a> <var>taskDestination</var>, algorithm <var>processBodyChunk</var>, algorithm <var>processEndOfBody</var>, and algorithm <var>processBodyError</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>readRequest</var> be the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#read-request" id="ref-for-read-request">read request</a>: <dl> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#read-request-chunk-steps" id="ref-for-read-request-chunk-steps">chunk steps</a>, given <var>chunk</var> <dd> <ol> <li> Let <var>continueAlgorithm</var> be null. <li> If <var>chunk</var> is not a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-Uint8Array" id="ref-for-idl-Uint8Array">Uint8Array</a></code> object, then set <var>continueAlgorithm</var> to this step: run <var>processBodyError</var> given a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> Let <var>bytes</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-get-buffer-source-copy" id="ref-for-dfn-get-buffer-source-copy">copy of</a> <var>chunk</var>. Implementations are strongly encouraged to use an implementation strategy that avoids this copy where possible. <li> Set <var>continueAlgorithm</var> to these steps: <ol> <li> Run <var>processBodyChunk</var> given <var>bytes</var>. <li> Perform the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#incrementally-read-loop" id="ref-for-incrementally-read-loop①">incrementally-read loop</a> given <var>reader</var>, <var>taskDestination</var>, <var>processBodyChunk</var>, <var>processEndOfBody</var>, and <var>processBodyError</var>. </ol> </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task">Queue a fetch task</a> given <var>continueAlgorithm</var> and <var>taskDestination</var>. </ol> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#read-request-close-steps" id="ref-for-read-request-close-steps">close steps</a> <dd> <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task①">Queue a fetch task</a> given <var>processEndOfBody</var> and <var>taskDestination</var>. </ol> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#read-request-error-steps" id="ref-for-read-request-error-steps">error steps</a>, given <var>e</var> <dd> <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task②">Queue a fetch task</a> to run <var>processBodyError</var> given <var>e</var>, with <var>taskDestination</var>. </ol> </dl> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestreamdefaultreader-read-a-chunk" id="ref-for-readablestreamdefaultreader-read-a-chunk">Read a chunk</a> from <var>reader</var> given <var>readRequest</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="fully read" data-algorithm-for="body"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="body-fully-read">fully read</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body③">body</a> <var>body</var>, given an algorithm <var>processBody</var>, an algorithm <var>processBodyError</var>, and an optional null, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue⑤">parallel queue</a>, or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object⑥">global object</a> <var>taskDestination</var> (default null), run these steps. <var>processBody</var> must be an algorithm accepting a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence⑨">byte sequence</a>. <var>processBodyError</var> must be an algorithm optionally accepting an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-exception" id="ref-for-dfn-exception">exception</a>. <ol> <li> If <var>taskDestination</var> is null, then set <var>taskDestination</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#starting-a-new-parallel-queue" id="ref-for-starting-a-new-parallel-queue①">starting a new parallel queue</a>. <li> Let <var>successSteps</var> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①⓪">byte sequence</a> <var>bytes</var> be to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task③">queue a fetch task</a> to run <var>processBody</var> given <var>bytes</var>, with <var>taskDestination</var>. <li> Let <var>errorSteps</var> optionally given an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-exception" id="ref-for-dfn-exception①">exception</a> <var>exception</var> be to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task④">queue a fetch task</a> to run <var>processBodyError</var> given <var>exception</var>, with <var>taskDestination</var>. <li> Let <var>reader</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-get-a-reader" id="ref-for-readablestream-get-a-reader①">getting a reader</a> for <var>body</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream④">stream</a>. If that threw an exception, then run <var>errorSteps</var> with that exception and return. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestreamdefaultreader-read-all-bytes" id="ref-for-readablestreamdefaultreader-read-all-bytes">Read all bytes</a> from <var>reader</var>, given <var>successSteps</var> and <var>errorSteps</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="body-with-type">body with type</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#tuple" id="ref-for-tuple②">tuple</a> that consists of a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body with type" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="body-with-type-body">body</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body④">body</a>) and a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="body with type" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="body-with-type-type">type</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value⑥">header value</a> or null). <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="handle content codings"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="handle-content-codings">handle content codings</dfn> given <var>codings</var> and <var>bytes</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>codings</var> are not supported, then return <var>bytes</var>. <li> Return the result of decoding <var>bytes</var> with <var>codings</var> as explained in HTTP, if decoding does not result in an error, and failure otherwise. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> </ol> </div> <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.5" id="requests">2.2.5. Requests<a class="self-link" href="#requests"></a></h4> This section documents how requests work in detail. To get started, see <a href="#fetch-elsewhere-request">Setting up a request</a>. The input to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④">fetch</a> is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request">request</dfn>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-method">method</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method⑤">method</a>). Unless stated otherwise it is `<code>GET</code>`. This can be updated during redirects to `<code>GET</code>` as described in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-fetch">HTTP fetch</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-url">URL</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①">URL</a>). Implementations are encouraged to make this a pointer to the first <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url②">URL</a> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list">URL list</a>. It is provided as a distinct field solely for the convenience of other standards hooking into Fetch. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="local-urls-only-flag">local-URLs-only flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise it is unset. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-header-list">header list</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①⑦">header list</a>). Unless stated otherwise it is « ». A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="unsafe-request-flag">unsafe-request flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise it is unset. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#unsafe-request-flag" id="ref-for-unsafe-request-flag">unsafe-request flag</a> is set by APIs such as <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch①"><code>fetch()</code></a> and <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest②">XMLHttpRequest</a></code> to ensure a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0">CORS-preflight fetch</a> is done based on the supplied <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method">method</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list">header list</a>. It does not free an API from outlawing <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-method" id="ref-for-forbidden-method①">forbidden methods</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-request-header" id="ref-for-forbidden-request-header">forbidden request-headers</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-body">body</dfn> (null, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①①">byte sequence</a>, or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body⑤">body</a>). Unless stated otherwise it is null. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①②">byte sequence</a> will be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bodyinit-safely-extract" id="ref-for-bodyinit-safely-extract①">safely extracted</a> into a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body⑥">body</a> early on in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch⑤">fetch</a>. As part of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-fetch①">HTTP fetch</a> it is possible for this field to be set to null due to certain redirects. <hr> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-client">client</dfn> (null or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object">environment settings object</a>). A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-reserved-client">reserved client</dfn> (null, an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment" id="ref-for-environment">environment</a>, or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object①">environment settings object</a>). Unless stated otherwise it is null. This is only used by <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#navigation-request" id="ref-for-navigation-request">navigation requests</a> and worker requests, but not service worker requests. It references an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment" id="ref-for-environment①">environment</a> for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#navigation-request" id="ref-for-navigation-request①">navigation request</a> and an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object②">environment settings object</a> for a worker request. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-replaces-client-id">replaces client id</dfn> (a string). Unless stated otherwise it is the empty string. This is only used by <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#navigation-request" id="ref-for-navigation-request②">navigation requests</a>. It is the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-environment-id" id="ref-for-concept-environment-id">id</a> of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-environment-target-browsing-context" id="ref-for-concept-environment-target-browsing-context">target browsing context</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/document-sequences.html#nav-document" id="ref-for-nav-document">active document</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object③">environment settings object</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-window">window</dfn> ("<code>no-window</code>", "<code>client</code>", or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object④">environment settings object</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global">global object</a> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#window" id="ref-for-window">Window</a></code> object). Unless stated otherwise it is "<code>client</code>". The "<code>client</code>" value is changed to "<code>no-window</code>" or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client">client</a> during <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch⑥">fetching</a>. It provides a convenient way for standards to not have to explicitly set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window">window</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①④">request</a> has an associated boolean <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-keepalive-flag">keepalive</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise it is false. This can be used to allow the request to outlive the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object⑤">environment settings object</a>, e.g., <code>navigator.sendBeacon()</code> and the HTML <code>img</code> element use this. Requests with this set to true are subject to additional processing requirements. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⑤">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-initiator-type">initiator type</dfn>, which is null, "<code>audio</code>", "<code>beacon</code>", "<code>body</code>", "<code>css</code>", "<code>early-hints</code>", "<code>embed</code>", "<code>fetch</code>", "<code>font</code>", "<code>frame</code>", "<code>iframe</code>", "<code>image</code>", "<code>img</code>", "<code>input</code>", "<code>link</code>", "<code>object</code>", "<code>ping</code>", "<code>script</code>", "<code>track</code>", "<code>video</code>", "<code>xmlhttprequest</code>", or "<code>other</code>". Unless stated otherwise it is null. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-resource-timing" title="Resource Timing">[RESOURCE-TIMING]</a> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⑥">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-service-workers-mode">service-workers mode</dfn>, that is "<code>all</code>" or "<code>none</code>". Unless stated otherwise it is "<code>all</code>". <div class="note" role="note"> This determines which service workers will receive a <code class="idl"><a class="idl-code" data-link-type="event" href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#service-worker-global-scope-fetch-event" id="ref-for-service-worker-global-scope-fetch-event">fetch</a></code> event for this fetch. <dl> <dt>"<code>all</code>" <dd>Relevant service workers will get a <code class="idl"><a class="idl-code" data-link-type="event" href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#service-worker-global-scope-fetch-event" id="ref-for-service-worker-global-scope-fetch-event①">fetch</a></code> event for this fetch. <dt>"<code>none</code>" <dd>No service workers will get events for this fetch. </dl> </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⑦">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-initiator">initiator</dfn>, which is the empty string, "<code>download</code>", "<code>imageset</code>", "<code>manifest</code>", "<code>prefetch</code>", "<code>prerender</code>", or "<code>xslt</code>". Unless stated otherwise it is the empty string. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator">initiator</a> is not particularly granular for the time being as other specifications do not require it to be. It is primarily a specification device to assist defining CSP and Mixed Content. It is not exposed to JavaScript. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-csp" title="Content Security Policy Level 3">[CSP]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-mix" title="Mixed Content">[MIX]</a> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⑨">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-destination">destination</dfn>, which is the empty string, "<code>audio</code>", "<code>audioworklet</code>", "<code>document</code>", "<code>embed</code>", "<code>font</code>", "<code>frame</code>", "<code>iframe</code>", "<code>image</code>", "<code>json</code>", "<code>manifest</code>", "<code>object</code>", "<code>paintworklet</code>", "<code>report</code>", "<code>script</code>", "<code>serviceworker</code>", "<code>sharedworker</code>", "<code>style</code>", "<code>track</code>", "<code>video</code>", "<code>webidentity</code>", "<code>worker</code>", or "<code>xslt</code>". Unless stated otherwise it is the empty string. These are reflected on <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#requestdestination" id="ref-for-requestdestination">RequestDestination</a></code> except for "<code>serviceworker</code>" and "<code>webidentity</code>" as fetches with those destinations skip service workers. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination">destination</a> is <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request/destination" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-destination-script-like">script-like</dfn> if it is "<code>audioworklet</code>", "<code>paintworklet</code>", "<code>script</code>", "<code>serviceworker</code>", "<code>sharedworker</code>", or "<code>worker</code>". Algorithms that use <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-destination-script-like" id="ref-for-request-destination-script-like">script-like</a> should also consider "<code>xslt</code>" as that too can cause script execution. It is not included in the list as it is not always relevant and might require different behavior. <div class="note" id="destination-table" role="note"> <a class="self-link" href="#destination-table"></a> The following table illustrates the relationship between a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②①">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator①">initiator</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①">destination</a>, CSP directives, and features. It is not exhaustive with respect to features. Features need to have the relevant values defined in their respective standards. <table> <tbody> <tr> <th><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator②">Initiator</a> <th><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination②">Destination</a> <th>CSP directive <th>Features <tr> <td rowspan="21">"" <td>"<code>report</code>" <td rowspan="2">— <td>CSP, NEL reports. <tr> <td>"<code>document</code>" <td>HTML’s navigate algorithm (top-level only). <tr> <td>"<code>frame</code>" <td><code>child-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><frame></code> <tr> <td>"<code>iframe</code>" <td><code>child-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><iframe></code> <tr> <td>"" <td><code>connect-src</code> <td><code>navigator.sendBeacon()</code>, <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html#eventsource" id="ref-for-eventsource">EventSource</a></code>, HTML’s <code><a ping=""></code> and <code><area ping=""></code>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch②"><code>fetch()</code></a>, <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest③">XMLHttpRequest</a></code>, <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#websocket" id="ref-for-websocket">WebSocket</a></code>, Cache API <tr> <td>"<code>object</code>" <td><code>object-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><object></code> <tr> <td>"<code>embed</code>" <td><code>object-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><embed></code> <tr> <td>"<code>audio</code>" <td><code>media-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><audio></code> <tr> <td>"<code>font</code>" <td><code>font-src</code> <td>CSS' <code>@font-face</code> <tr> <td>"<code>image</code>" <td><code>img-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><img src></code>, <code>/favicon.ico</code> resource, SVG’s <code><image></code>, CSS' <code>background-image</code>, CSS' <code>cursor</code>, CSS' <code>list-style-image</code>, … <tr> <td>"<code>audioworklet</code>" <td><code>script-src</code> <td><code>audioWorklet.addModule()</code> <tr> <td>"<code>paintworklet</code>" <td><code>script-src</code> <td><code>CSS.paintWorklet.addModule()</code> <tr> <td>"<code>script</code>" <td><code>script-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><script></code>, <code>importScripts()</code> <tr> <td>"<code>serviceworker</code>" <td><code>child-src</code>, <code>script-src</code>, <code>worker-src</code> <td><code>navigator.serviceWorker.register()</code> <tr> <td>"<code>sharedworker</code>" <td><code>child-src</code>, <code>script-src</code>, <code>worker-src</code> <td><code>SharedWorker</code> <tr> <td>"<code>webidentity</code>" <td><code>connect-src</code> <td><code>Federated Credential Management requests</code> <tr> <td>"<code>worker</code>" <td><code>child-src</code>, <code>script-src</code>, <code>worker-src</code> <td><code>Worker</code> <tr> <td>"<code>json</code>" <td><code>connect-src</code> <td><code>import "..." with { type: "json" }</code> <tr> <td>"<code>style</code>" <td><code>style-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><link rel=stylesheet></code>, CSS' <code>@import</code>, <code>import "..." with { type: "css" }</code> <tr> <td>"<code>track</code>" <td><code>media-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><track></code> <tr> <td>"<code>video</code>" <td><code>media-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><video></code> element <tr> <td>"<code>download</code>" <td>"" <td>— <td>HTML’s <code>download=""</code>, "Save Link As…" UI <tr> <td>"<code>imageset</code>" <td>"<code>image</code>" <td><code>img-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><img srcset></code> and <code><picture></code> <tr> <td>"<code>manifest</code>" <td>"<code>manifest</code>" <td><code>manifest-src</code> <td>HTML’s <code><link rel=manifest></code> <tr> <td>"<code>prefetch</code>" <td rowspan="2">"" <td rowspan="2"><code>default-src</code> (no specific directive) <td>HTML’s <code><link rel=prefetch></code> <tr> <td>"<code>prerender</code>" <td>HTML’s <code><link rel=prerender></code> <tr> <td>"<code>xslt</code>" <td>"<code>xslt</code>" <td><code>script-src</code> <td><code><?xml-stylesheet></code> </table> CSP’s <code>form-action</code> needs to be a hook directly in HTML’s navigate or form submission algorithm. CSP will also need to check <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global①">global object</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#concept-document-window" id="ref-for-concept-document-window">associated <code>Document</code></a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/document-sequences.html#ancestor-navigables" id="ref-for-ancestor-navigables">ancestor navigables</a> for various CSP directives. </div> <hr> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②③">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-priority">priority</dfn>, which is "<code>high</code>", "<code>low</code>", or "<code>auto</code>". Unless stated otherwise it is "<code>auto</code>". A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②④">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-internal-priority">internal priority</dfn> (null or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①">implementation-defined</a> object). Unless otherwise stated it is null. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②⑤">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-origin">origin</dfn>, which is "<code>client</code>" or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin">origin</a>. Unless stated otherwise it is "<code>client</code>". "<code>client</code>" is changed to an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin①">origin</a> during <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch⑦">fetching</a>. It provides a convenient way for standards to not have to set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②⑥">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin">origin</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②⑦">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-policy-container">policy container</dfn>, which is "<code>client</code>" or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container" id="ref-for-policy-container">policy container</a>. Unless stated otherwise it is "<code>client</code>". "<code>client</code>" is changed to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container" id="ref-for-policy-container①">policy container</a> during <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch⑧">fetching</a>. It provides a convenient way for standards to not have to set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-request-policy-container">policy container</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request②⑨">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-referrer">referrer</dfn>, which is "<code>no-referrer</code>", "<code>client</code>", or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url③">URL</a>. Unless stated otherwise it is "<code>client</code>". "<code>client</code>" is changed to "<code>no-referrer</code>" or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url④">URL</a> during <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch⑨">fetching</a>. It provides a convenient way for standards to not have to set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer">referrer</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③①">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-referrer-policy">referrer policy</dfn>, which is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#referrer-policy" id="ref-for-referrer-policy">referrer policy</a>. Unless stated otherwise it is the empty string. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-referrer" title="Referrer Policy">[REFERRER]</a> This can be used to override the referrer policy to be used for this <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③②">request</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③③">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-mode">mode</dfn>, which is "<code>same-origin</code>", "<code>cors</code>", "<code>no-cors</code>", "<code>navigate</code>", or "<code>websocket</code>". Unless stated otherwise, it is "<code>no-cors</code>". <div class="note" role="note"> <dl> <dt>"<code>same-origin</code>" <dd>Used to ensure requests are made to same-origin URLs. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①⓪">Fetch</a> will return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error">network error</a> if the request is not made to a same-origin URL. <dt>"<code>cors</code>" <dd>For requests whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting">response tainting</a> gets set to "<code>cors</code>", makes the request a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request">CORS request</a> — in which case, fetch will return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①">network error</a> if the requested resource does not understand the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol">CORS protocol</a>, or if the requested resource is one that intentionally does not participate in the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①">CORS protocol</a>. <dt>"<code>no-cors</code>" <dd>Restricts requests to using <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-method" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-method">CORS-safelisted methods</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-request-header" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-request-header②">CORS-safelisted request-headers</a>. Upon success, fetch will return an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque">opaque filtered response</a>. <dt>"<code>navigate</code>" <dd>This is a special mode used only when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#blocking-navigating" id="ref-for-blocking-navigating">navigating</a> between documents. <dt>"<code>websocket</code>" <dd>This is a special mode used only when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-establish" id="ref-for-concept-websocket-establish①">establishing a WebSocket connection</a>. </dl> Even though the default <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③④">request</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode">mode</a> is "<code>no-cors</code>", standards are highly discouraged from using it for new features. It is rather unsafe. </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③⑤">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="use-cors-preflight-flag">use-CORS-preflight flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is unset. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#use-cors-preflight-flag" id="ref-for-use-cors-preflight-flag">use-CORS-preflight flag</a> being set is one of several conditions that results in a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request">CORS-preflight request</a>. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#use-cors-preflight-flag" id="ref-for-use-cors-preflight-flag①">use-CORS-preflight flag</a> is set if either one or more event listeners are registered on an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequestupload" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequestupload">XMLHttpRequestUpload</a></code> object or if a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream①">ReadableStream</a></code> object is used in a request. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③⑥">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-credentials-mode">credentials mode</dfn>, which is "<code>omit</code>", "<code>same-origin</code>", or "<code>include</code>". Unless stated otherwise, it is "<code>same-origin</code>". <div class="note" role="note"> <dl> <dt>"<code>omit</code>" <dd>Excludes credentials from this request, and causes any credentials sent back in the response to be ignored. <dt>"<code>same-origin</code>" <dd>Include credentials with requests made to same-origin URLs, and use any credentials sent back in responses from same-origin URLs. <dt>"<code>include</code>" <dd>Always includes credentials with this request, and always use any credentials sent back in the response. </dl> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③⑦">Request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode">credentials mode</a> controls the flow of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials">credentials</a> during a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①①">fetch</a>. When <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①">mode</a> is "<code>navigate</code>", its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①">credentials mode</a> is assumed to be "<code>include</code>" and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①②">fetch</a> does not currently account for other values. If <cite>HTML</cite> changes here, this standard will need corresponding changes. </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request③⑨">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-use-url-credentials-flag">use-URL-credentials flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is unset. When this flag is set, when a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url">URL</a> has a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-username" id="ref-for-concept-url-username">username</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-password" id="ref-for-concept-url-password">password</a>, and there is an available <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#authentication-entry" id="ref-for-authentication-entry①">authentication entry</a> for the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④①">request</a>, then the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url⑤">URL</a>’s credentials are preferred over that of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#authentication-entry" id="ref-for-authentication-entry②">authentication entry</a>. Modern specifications avoid setting this flag, since putting credentials in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url⑥">URLs</a> is discouraged, but some older features set it for compatibility reasons. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④②">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-cache-mode">cache mode</dfn>, which is "<code>default</code>", "<code>no-store</code>", "<code>reload</code>", "<code>no-cache</code>", "<code>force-cache</code>", or "<code>only-if-cached</code>". Unless stated otherwise, it is "<code>default</code>". <div class="note" role="note"> <dl> <dt>"<code>default</code>" <dd><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①③">Fetch</a> will inspect the HTTP cache on the way to the network. If the HTTP cache contains a matching <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fresh-response" id="ref-for-concept-fresh-response">fresh response</a> it will be returned. If the HTTP cache contains a matching <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-stale-while-revalidate-response" id="ref-for-concept-stale-while-revalidate-response">stale-while-revalidate response</a> it will be returned, and a conditional network fetch will be made to update the entry in the HTTP cache. If the HTTP cache contains a matching <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-stale-response" id="ref-for-concept-stale-response">stale response</a>, a conditional network fetch will be returned to update the entry in the HTTP cache. Otherwise, a non-conditional network fetch will be returned to update the entry in the HTTP cache. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-stale-while-revalidate" title="HTTP Cache-Control Extensions for Stale Content">[STALE-WHILE-REVALIDATE]</a> <dt>"<code>no-store</code>" <dd>Fetch behaves as if there is no HTTP cache at all. <dt>"<code>reload</code>" <dd>Fetch behaves as if there is no HTTP cache on the way to the network. Ergo, it creates a normal request and updates the HTTP cache with the response. <dt>"<code>no-cache</code>" <dd>Fetch creates a conditional request if there is a response in the HTTP cache and a normal request otherwise. It then updates the HTTP cache with the response. <dt>"<code>force-cache</code>" <dd>Fetch uses any response in the HTTP cache matching the request, not paying attention to staleness. If there was no response, it creates a normal request and updates the HTTP cache with the response. <dt>"<code>only-if-cached</code>" <dd>Fetch uses any response in the HTTP cache matching the request, not paying attention to staleness. If there was no response, it returns a network error. (Can only be used when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②">mode</a> is "<code>same-origin</code>". Any cached redirects will be followed assuming <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④④">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode">redirect mode</a> is "<code>follow</code>" and the redirects do not violate <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④⑤">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③">mode</a>.) </dl> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains⑦">contains</a> `<code>If-Modified-Since</code>`, `<code>If-None-Match</code>`, `<code>If-Unmodified-Since</code>`, `<code>If-Match</code>`, or `<code>If-Range</code>`, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①④">fetch</a> will set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode">cache mode</a> to "<code>no-store</code>" if it is "<code>default</code>". </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④⑥">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-redirect-mode">redirect mode</dfn>, which is "<code>follow</code>", "<code>error</code>", or "<code>manual</code>". Unless stated otherwise, it is "<code>follow</code>". <div class="note" role="note"> <dl> <dt>"<code>follow</code>" <dd>Follow all redirects incurred when fetching a resource. <dt>"<code>error</code>" <dd>Return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②">network error</a> when a request is met with a redirect. <dt>"<code>manual</code>" <dd>Retrieves an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect">opaque-redirect filtered response</a> when a request is met with a redirect, to allow a service worker to replay the redirect offline. The response is otherwise indistinguishable from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③">network error</a>, to not violate <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#atomic-http-redirect-handling" id="ref-for-atomic-http-redirect-handling">atomic HTTP redirect handling</a>. </dl> </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④⑦">request</a> has associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-integrity-metadata">integrity metadata</dfn> (a string). Unless stated otherwise, it is the empty string. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④⑧">request</a> has associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-nonce-metadata">cryptographic nonce metadata</dfn> (a string). Unless stated otherwise, it is the empty string. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request④⑨">request</a> has associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-parser-metadata">parser metadata</dfn> which is the empty string, "<code>parser-inserted</code>", or "<code>not-parser-inserted</code>". Unless otherwise stated, it is the empty string. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-nonce-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-nonce-metadata">cryptographic nonce metadata</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-parser-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-parser-metadata">parser metadata</a> are generally populated from attributes and flags on the HTML element responsible for creating a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤①">request</a>. They are used by various algorithms in <cite>Content Security Policy</cite> to determine whether requests or responses are to be blocked in a given context. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-csp" title="Content Security Policy Level 3">[CSP]</a> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤②">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-reload-navigation-flag">reload-navigation flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is unset. This flag is for exclusive use by HTML’s navigate algorithm. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤③">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-history-navigation-flag">history-navigation flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is unset. This flag is for exclusive use by HTML’s navigate algorithm. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤④">request</a> has an associated boolean <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-user-activation">user-activation</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is false. This is for exclusive use by HTML’s navigate algorithm. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤⑤">request</a> has an associated boolean <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-render-blocking">render-blocking</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is false. This flag is for exclusive use by HTML’s render-blocking mechanism. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> <hr> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤⑥">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-url-list">URL list</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list①⓪">list</a> of one or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url⑦">URLs</a>). Unless stated otherwise, it is a list containing a copy of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤⑦">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url①">URL</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤⑧">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-current-url">current URL</dfn>. It is a pointer to the last <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url⑧">URL</a> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑤⑨">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list①">URL list</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥⓪">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-redirect-count">redirect count</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is zero. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥①">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-response-tainting">response tainting</dfn>, which is "<code>basic</code>", "<code>cors</code>", or "<code>opaque</code>". Unless stated otherwise, it is "<code>basic</code>". A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥②">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="no-cache-prevent-cache-control">prevent no-cache cache-control header modification flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is unset. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥③">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="done-flag">done flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is unset. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥④">request</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="timing-allow-failed">timing allow failed flag</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise, it is unset. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥⑤">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list②">URL list</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url">current URL</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-count" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-count">redirect count</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①">response tainting</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#done-flag" id="ref-for-done-flag">done flag</a>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#timing-allow-failed" id="ref-for-timing-allow-failed">timing allow failed flag</a> are used as bookkeeping details by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①⑤">fetch</a> algorithm. <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="subresource-request">subresource request</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥⑥">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination③">destination</a> is "<code>audio</code>", "<code>audioworklet</code>", "<code>font</code>", "<code>image</code>", "<code>json</code>", "<code>manifest</code>", "<code>paintworklet</code>", "<code>script</code>", "<code>style</code>", "<code>track</code>", "<code>video</code>", "<code>xslt</code>", or the empty string. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="non-subresource-request">non-subresource request</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥⑦">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination④">destination</a> is "<code>document</code>", "<code>embed</code>", "<code>frame</code>", "<code>iframe</code>", "<code>object</code>", "<code>report</code>", "<code>serviceworker</code>", "<code>sharedworker</code>", or "<code>worker</code>". A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="navigation-request">navigation request</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥⑧">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination⑤">destination</a> is "<code>document</code>", "<code>embed</code>", "<code>frame</code>", "<code>iframe</code>", or "<code>object</code>". See <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#handle-fetch" id="ref-for-handle-fetch">handle fetch</a> for usage of these terms. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-sw" title="Service Workers">[SW]</a> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="redirect-tainted origin" data-algorithm-for="request"> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑥⑨">request</a> <var>request</var> has a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-request-tainted-origin">redirect-tainted origin</dfn> if these steps return true: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert⑧">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①">origin</a> is not "<code>client</code>". <li> Let <var>lastURL</var> be null. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate⑥">For each</a> <var>url</var> of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list③">URL list</a>: <ol> <li> If <var>lastURL</var> is null, then set <var>lastURL</var> to <var>url</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-continue" id="ref-for-iteration-continue①">continue</a>. <li> If <var>url</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin">origin</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin">same origin</a> with <var>lastURL</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①">origin</a> and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin②">origin</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin①">same origin</a> with <var>lastURL</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin②">origin</a>, then return true. <li>Set <var>lastURL</var> to <var>url</var>. </ol> <li>Return false. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="Serializing a request origin"> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="serializing-a-request-origin">Serializing a request origin</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦⓪">request</a> <var>request</var>, is to run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert⑨">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin③">origin</a> is not "<code>client</code>". <li> If <var>request</var> has a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-tainted-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-tainted-origin">redirect-tainted origin</a>, then return "<code>null</code>". <li> Return <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin④">origin</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#ascii-serialisation-of-an-origin" id="ref-for-ascii-serialisation-of-an-origin">serialized</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="Byte-serializing a request origin"> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="byte-serializing-a-request-origin">Byte-serializing a request origin</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦①">request</a> <var>request</var>, is to return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-serializing-a-request-origin">serializing a request origin</a> with <var>request</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode④">isomorphic encoded</a>. </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="clone" data-algorithm-for="request"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-clone">clone</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦②">request</a> <var>request</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>newRequest</var> be a copy of <var>request</var>, except for its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body">body</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①">body</a> is non-null, set <var>newRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②">body</a> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-clone" id="ref-for-concept-body-clone">cloning</a> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③">body</a>. <li> Return <var>newRequest</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="add a range header" data-algorithm-for="request"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-add-range-header">add a range header</dfn> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦③">request</a> <var>request</var>, with an integer <var>first</var>, and an optional integer <var>last</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①⓪">Assert</a>: <var>last</var> is not given, or <var>first</var> is less than or equal to <var>last</var>. <li> Let <var>rangeValue</var> be `<code>bytes=</code>`. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer③">Serialize</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode⑤">isomorphic encode</a> <var>first</var>, and append the result to <var>rangeValue</var>. <li> Append 0x2D (-) to <var>rangeValue</var>. <li> If <var>last</var> is given, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer④">serialize</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode⑥">isomorphic encode</a> it, and append the result to <var>rangeValue</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append">Append</a> (`<code>Range</code>`, <var>rangeValue</var>) to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②">header list</a>. </ol> A range header denotes an inclusive byte range. There a range header where <var>first</var> is 0 and <var>last</var> is 500, is a range of 501 bytes. Features that combine multiple responses into one logical resource are historically a source of security bugs. Please seek security review for features that deal with partial responses. </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="serialize a response URL for reporting"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="serialize-a-response-url-for-reporting">serialize a response URL for reporting</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①">response</a> <var>response</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①①">Assert</a>: <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list">URL list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-is-empty" id="ref-for-list-is-empty">is not empty</a>. <li> Let <var>url</var> be a copy of <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list①">URL list</a>[0]. This is not <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url">URL</a> in order to avoid leaking information about redirect targets (see <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-csp/#security-violation-reports">similar considerations for CSP reporting</a> too). <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-csp" title="Content Security Policy Level 3">[CSP]</a> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#set-the-username" id="ref-for-set-the-username">Set the username</a> given <var>url</var> and the empty string. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#set-the-password" id="ref-for-set-the-password">Set the password</a> given <var>url</var> and the empty string. <li> Return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-url-serializer">serialization</a> of <var>url</var> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-serializer-exclude-fragment" id="ref-for-url-serializer-exclude-fragment">exclude fragment</a> set to true. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy allows credentials"> To check if <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cross-origin-embedder-policy-allows-credentials">Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy allows credentials</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦④">request</a> <var>request</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①②">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin⑤">origin</a> is not "<code>client</code>". <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode④">mode</a> is not "<code>no-cors</code>", then return true. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②">client</a> is null, then return true. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client③">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-policy-container">policy container</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container-embedder-policy" id="ref-for-policy-container-embedder-policy">embedder policy</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#embedder-policy-value-2" id="ref-for-embedder-policy-value-2">value</a> is not "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-credentialless" id="ref-for-coep-credentialless"><code>credentialless</code></a>", then return true. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin⑥">origin</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin②">same origin</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin③">origin</a> and <var>request</var> does not have a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-tainted-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-tainted-origin①">redirect-tainted origin</a>, then return true. <li> Return false. </ol> </div> <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.6" id="responses">2.2.6. Responses<a class="self-link" href="#responses"></a></h4> The result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①⑥">fetch</a> is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response">response</dfn>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②">response</a> evolves over time. That is, not all its fields are available straight away. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-type">type</dfn> which is "<code>basic</code>", "<code>cors</code>", "<code>default</code>", "<code>error</code>", "<code>opaque</code>", or "<code>opaqueredirect</code>". Unless stated otherwise, it is "<code>default</code>". A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④">response</a> can have an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-aborted">aborted flag</dfn>, which is initially unset. This indicates that the request was intentionally aborted by the developer or end-user. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-url">URL</dfn>. It is a pointer to the last <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url⑨">URL</a> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list②">URL list</a> and null if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list③">URL list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-is-empty" id="ref-for-list-is-empty①">is empty</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-url-list">URL list</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list①①">list</a> of zero or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①⓪">URLs</a>). Unless stated otherwise, it is « ». Except for the first and last <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①①">URL</a>, if any, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑨">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list④">URL list</a> is not directly exposed to script as that would violate <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#atomic-http-redirect-handling" id="ref-for-atomic-http-redirect-handling①">atomic HTTP redirect handling</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①⓪">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-status">status</dfn>, which is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-status" id="ref-for-concept-status③">status</a>. Unless stated otherwise it is 200. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①①">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-status-message">status message</dfn>. Unless stated otherwise it is the empty byte sequence. Responses over an HTTP/2 connection will always have the empty byte sequence as status message as HTTP/2 does not support them. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①②">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-header-list">header list</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①⑧">header list</a>). Unless stated otherwise it is « ». A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①③">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-body">body</dfn> (null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body⑦">body</a>). Unless stated otherwise it is null. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source">source</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-total-bytes" id="ref-for-concept-body-total-bytes">length</a> concepts of a network’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①④">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body">body</a> are always null. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①⑤">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-cache-state">cache state</dfn> (the empty string, "<code>local</code>", or "<code>validated</code>"). Unless stated otherwise, it is the empty string. This is intended for usage by <cite>Service Workers</cite> and <cite>Resource Timing</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-sw" title="Service Workers">[SW]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-resource-timing" title="Resource Timing">[RESOURCE-TIMING]</a> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①⑥">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list">CORS-exposed header-name list</dfn> (a list of zero or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②⑤">header</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①④">names</a>). The list is empty unless otherwise specified. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①⑦">response</a> will typically get its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list">CORS-exposed header-name list</a> set by <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-values①">extracting header values</a> from the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-expose-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-expose-headers"><code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code></a>` header. This list is used by a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-cors" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-cors">CORS filtered response</a> to determine which headers to expose. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①⑧">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-response-range-requested-flag">range-requested flag</dfn>, which is initially unset. This is used to prevent a partial response from an earlier ranged request being provided to an API that didn’t make a range request. See the flag’s usage for a detailed description of the attack. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response①⑨">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="response-request-includes-credentials">request-includes-credentials</dfn> (a boolean), which is initially true. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②⓪">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-response-timing-allow-passed">timing allow passed flag</dfn>, which is initially unset. This is used so that the caller to a fetch can determine if sensitive timing data is allowed on the resource fetched by looking at the flag of the response returned. Because the flag on the response of a redirect has to be set if it was set for previous responses in the redirect chain, this is also tracked internally using the request’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#timing-allow-failed" id="ref-for-timing-allow-failed①">timing allow failed flag</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②①">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-body-info">body info</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-body-info" id="ref-for-response-body-info">response body info</a>). Unless stated otherwise, it is a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-body-info" id="ref-for-response-body-info①">response body info</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②②">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="response-service-worker-timing-info">service worker timing info</dfn> (null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#service-worker-timing-info" id="ref-for-service-worker-timing-info">service worker timing info</a>), which is initially null. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②③">response</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="response-has-cross-origin-redirects">has-cross-origin-redirects</dfn> (a boolean), which is initially false. <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-network-error">network error</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②④">response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type">type</a> is "<code>error</code>", <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status">status</a> is 0, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message">status message</a> is the empty byte sequence, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list">header list</a> is « », <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①">body</a> is null, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body-info" id="ref-for-concept-response-body-info">body info</a> is a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-body-info" id="ref-for-response-body-info②">response body info</a>. An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-aborted-network-error">aborted network error</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④">network error</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-aborted" id="ref-for-concept-response-aborted">aborted flag</a> is set. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="appropriate network error"> To create the <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="appropriate-network-error">appropriate network error</dfn> given <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params②">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var>: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①③">Assert</a>: <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled">canceled</a>. <li> Return an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-aborted-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-aborted-network-error">aborted network error</a> if <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-aborted" id="ref-for-fetch-params-aborted">aborted</a>; otherwise return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤">network error</a>. </ol> </div> <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-filtered-response">filtered response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②⑤">response</a> that offers a limited view on an associated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②⑥">response</a>. This associated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②⑦">response</a> can be accessed through <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response">filtered response</a>’s <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="filtered response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-internal-response">internal response</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②⑧">response</a> that is neither a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑥">network error</a> nor a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response①">filtered response</a>). Unless stated otherwise a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response②">filtered response</a>’s associated concepts (such as its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②">body</a>) refer to the associated concepts of its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response">internal response</a>. (The exceptions to this are listed below as part of defining the concrete types of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response③">filtered responses</a>.) <div class="note" role="note"> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①⑦">fetch</a> algorithm by way of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response" id="ref-for-process-response">processResponse</a> and equivalent parameters exposes <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response④">filtered responses</a> to callers to ensure they do not accidentally leak information. If the information needs to be revealed for legacy reasons, e.g., to feed image data to a decoder, the associated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①">internal response</a> can be used by specification algorithms. New specifications ought not to build further on <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque①">opaque filtered responses</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect①">opaque-redirect filtered responses</a>. Those are legacy constructs and cannot always be adequately protected given contemporary computer architecture. </div> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-filtered-response-basic">basic filtered response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response⑤">filtered response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type①">type</a> is "<code>basic</code>" and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①">header list</a> excludes any <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②⑥">headers</a> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response②">internal response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②">header list</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①⑤">name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-response-header-name" id="ref-for-forbidden-response-header-name①">forbidden response-header name</a>. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-filtered-response-cors">CORS filtered response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response⑥">filtered response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type②">type</a> is "<code>cors</code>" and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③">header list</a> excludes any <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②⑦">headers</a> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response③">internal response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list④">header list</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①⑥">name</a> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-response-header-name" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-response-header-name">CORS-safelisted response-header name</a>, given <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response④">internal response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list①">CORS-exposed header-name list</a>. An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-filtered-response-opaque">opaque filtered response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response⑦">filtered response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type③">type</a> is "<code>opaque</code>", <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list⑤">URL list</a> is « », <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①">status</a> is 0, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message①">status message</a> is the empty byte sequence, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list⑤">header list</a> is « », <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③">body</a> is null, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body-info" id="ref-for-concept-response-body-info①">body info</a> is a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-body-info" id="ref-for-response-body-info③">response body info</a>. An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect">opaque-redirect filtered response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response⑧">filtered response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type④">type</a> is "<code>opaqueredirect</code>", <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②">status</a> is 0, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message②">status message</a> is the empty byte sequence, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list⑥">header list</a> is « », <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body④">body</a> is null, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body-info" id="ref-for-concept-response-body-info②">body info</a> is a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-body-info" id="ref-for-response-body-info④">response body info</a>. <div class="note" role="note"> Exposing the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list⑥">URL list</a> for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect②">opaque-redirect filtered responses</a> is harmless since no redirects are followed. In other words, an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque②">opaque filtered response</a> and an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect③">opaque-redirect filtered response</a> are nearly indistinguishable from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑦">network error</a>. When introducing new APIs, do not use the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response⑤">internal response</a> for internal specification algorithms as that will leak information. This also means that JavaScript APIs, such as <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-ok" id="ref-for-dom-response-ok"><code>response.ok</code></a>, will return rather useless results. </div> <div class="example" id="example-filtered-responses"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-filtered-responses"></a> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type⑤">type</a> of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response②⑨">response</a> is exposed to script through the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-response-type" id="ref-for-dom-response-type">type</a></code> getter: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">console<c- p>.</c->log<c- p>(</c-><c- ow>new</c-> Response<c- p>().</c->type<c- p>);</c-> <c- c1>// "default"</c-> console<c- p>.</c->log<c- p>((</c-><c- k>await</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"/"</c-><c- p>)).</c->type<c- p>);</c-> <c- c1>// "basic"</c-> console<c- p>.</c->log<c- p>((</c-><c- k>await</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://api.example/status"</c-><c- p>)).</c->type<c- p>);</c-> <c- c1>// "cors"</c-> console<c- p>.</c->log<c- p>((</c-><c- k>await</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://crossorigin.example/image"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- p>{</c-> mode<c- o>:</c-> <c- u>"no-cors"</c-> <c- p>})).</c->type<c- p>);</c-> <c- c1>// "opaque"</c-> console<c- p>.</c->log<c- p>((</c-><c- k>await</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"/surprise-me"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- p>{</c-> redirect<c- o>:</c-> <c- u>"manual"</c-> <c- p>})).</c->type<c- p>);</c-> <c- c1>// "opaqueredirect"</c-> </code></pre> (This assumes that the various resources exist, <code>https://api.example/status</code> has the appropriate CORS headers, and <code>/surprise-me</code> uses a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#redirect-status" id="ref-for-redirect-status">redirect status</a>.) </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="clone" data-algorithm-for="response"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-clone">clone</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③⓪">response</a> <var>response</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>response</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response⑨">filtered response</a>, then return a new identical <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response①⓪">filtered response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response⑥">internal response</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-clone" id="ref-for-concept-response-clone">clone</a> of <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response⑦">internal response</a>. <li> Let <var>newResponse</var> be a copy of <var>response</var>, except for its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body⑤">body</a>. <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body⑥">body</a> is non-null, then set <var>newResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body⑦">body</a> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-clone" id="ref-for-concept-body-clone①">cloning</a> <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body⑧">body</a>. <li> Return <var>newResponse</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-fresh-response">fresh response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③①">response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#age.calculations" id="ref-for-age.calculations">current age</a> is within its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#calculating.freshness.lifetime" id="ref-for-calculating.freshness.lifetime">freshness lifetime</a>. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-stale-while-revalidate-response">stale-while-revalidate response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③②">response</a> that is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fresh-response" id="ref-for-concept-fresh-response①">fresh response</a> and whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#age.calculations" id="ref-for-age.calculations①">current age</a> is within the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc5861.html#n-the-stale-while-revalidate-cache-control-extension" id="ref-for-n-the-stale-while-revalidate-cache-control-extension">stale-while-revalidate lifetime</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-stale-while-revalidate" title="HTTP Cache-Control Extensions for Stale Content">[STALE-WHILE-REVALIDATE]</a> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-stale-response">stale response</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③③">response</a> that is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fresh-response" id="ref-for-concept-fresh-response②">fresh response</a> or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-stale-while-revalidate-response" id="ref-for-concept-stale-while-revalidate-response①">stale-while-revalidate response</a>. <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="location URL" data-algorithm-for="response"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-location-url">location URL</dfn> of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③④">response</a> <var>response</var>, given null or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-string" id="ref-for-ascii-string①">ASCII string</a> <var>requestFragment</var>, is the value returned by the following steps. They return null, failure, or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①②">URL</a>. <ol> <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status③">status</a> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#redirect-status" id="ref-for-redirect-status①">redirect status</a>, then return null. <li> Let <var>location</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-list-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-list-values">extracting header list values</a> given `<code>Location</code>` and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list⑦">header list</a>. <li> If <var>location</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value⑦">header value</a>, then set <var>location</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-parser" id="ref-for-concept-url-parser">parsing</a> <var>location</var> with <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url①">URL</a>. If <var>response</var> was constructed through the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response">Response</a></code> constructor, <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url②">URL</a> will be null, meaning that <var>location</var> will only parse successfully if it is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#absolute-url-with-fragment-string" id="ref-for-absolute-url-with-fragment-string">absolute-URL-with-fragment string</a>. <li> If <var>location</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①③">URL</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-fragment" id="ref-for-concept-url-fragment">fragment</a> is null, then set <var>location</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-fragment" id="ref-for-concept-url-fragment①">fragment</a> to <var>requestFragment</var>. This ensures that synthetic (indeed, all) responses follow the processing model for redirects defined by HTTP. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <li> Return <var>location</var>. </ol> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-location-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-location-url">location URL</a> algorithm is exclusively used for redirect handling in this standard and in <cite>HTML</cite>’s navigate algorithm which handles redirects manually. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> </div> <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.7" id="miscellaneous">2.2.7. Miscellaneous<a class="self-link" href="#miscellaneous"></a></h4> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-potential-destination">potential destination</dfn> is "<code>fetch</code>" or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination⑥">destination</a> which is not the empty string. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="translate" data-algorithm-for="destination"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="destination" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-potential-destination-translate">translate</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-potential-destination" id="ref-for-concept-potential-destination">potential destination</a> <var>potentialDestination</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>potentialDestination</var> is "<code>fetch</code>", then return the empty string. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①④">Assert</a>: <var>potentialDestination</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination⑦">destination</a>. <li> Return <var>potentialDestination</var>. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.3" id="authentication-entries">2.3. Authentication entries<a class="self-link" href="#authentication-entries"></a></h3> An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="authentication-entry">authentication entry</dfn> and a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="proxy-authentication-entry">proxy-authentication entry</dfn> are tuples of username, password, and realm, used for HTTP authentication and HTTP proxy authentication, and associated with one or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦⑤">requests</a>. User agents should allow both to be cleared together with HTTP cookies and similar tracking functionality. Further details are defined by HTTP. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.4" id="fetch-groups">2.4. Fetch groups<a class="self-link" href="#fetch-groups"></a></h3> Each <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object⑥">environment settings object</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-fetch-group">fetch group</dfn>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-group" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-group">fetch group</a> holds an ordered list of <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch group" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="fetch record" id="concept-fetch-record">fetch records</dfn>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record">fetch record</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch record" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-fetch-record-request">request</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦⑥">request</a>). A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record①">fetch record</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch record" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-fetch-record-fetch">controller</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller⑦">fetch controller</a> or null). <hr> When a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-group" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-group①">fetch group</a> is <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch group" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-fetch-group-terminate">terminated</dfn>, for each associated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record②">fetch record</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record③">fetch record</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record-fetch">controller</a> is non-null, and whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record-request" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record-request">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#done-flag" id="ref-for-done-flag①">done flag</a> is unset or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag">keepalive</a> is false, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-terminate" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-terminate">terminate</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record④">fetch record</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record-fetch①">controller</a>. <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.5" id="resolving-domains">2.5. Resolving domains<a class="self-link" href="#resolving-domains"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="resolve an origin"> <a class="tracking-vector" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#tracking-vector" style="color: currentcolor"><img alt="(This is a tracking vector.)" class="darkmode-aware" crossorigin height="64" src="https://resources.whatwg.org/tracking-vector.svg" title="There is a tracking vector here." width="46"></a> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="resolve-an-origin">resolve an origin</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#network-partition-key" id="ref-for-network-partition-key">network partition key</a> <var>key</var> and an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin②">origin</a> <var>origin</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>origin</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin-host" id="ref-for-concept-origin-host">host</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#ip-address" id="ref-for-ip-address">IP address</a>, then return « <var>origin</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin-host" id="ref-for-concept-origin-host①">host</a> ». <li> If <var>origin</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin-host" id="ref-for-concept-origin-host②">host</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#host-public-suffix" id="ref-for-host-public-suffix">public suffix</a> is "<code>localhost</code>" or "<code>localhost.</code>", then return « <code>::1</code>, <code>127.0.0.1</code> ». <li> Perform an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined②">implementation-defined</a> operation to turn <var>origin</var> into a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ordered-set" id="ref-for-ordered-set②">set</a> of one or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#ip-address" id="ref-for-ip-address①">IP addresses</a>. It is also <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined③">implementation-defined</a> whether other operations might be performed to get connection information beyond just <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#ip-address" id="ref-for-ip-address②">IP addresses</a>. For example, if <var>origin</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-origin-scheme">scheme</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme②">HTTP(S) scheme</a>, the implementation might perform a DNS query for HTTPS RRs. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-svcb" title="Service binding and parameter specification via the DNS (DNS SVCB and HTTPS RRs)">[SVCB]</a> If this operation succeeds, return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ordered-set" id="ref-for-ordered-set③">set</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#ip-address" id="ref-for-ip-address③">IP addresses</a> and any additional <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined④">implementation-defined</a> information. <li> Return failure. </ol> The results of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#resolve-an-origin" id="ref-for-resolve-an-origin">resolve an origin</a> may be cached. If they are cached, <var>key</var> should be used as part of the cache key. <div class="note" role="note"> Typically this operation would involve DNS and as such caching can happen on DNS servers without <var>key</var> being taken into account. Depending on the implementation it might also not be possible to take <var>key</var> into account locally. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc1035" title="Domain names - implementation and specification">[RFC1035]</a> The order of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#ip-address" id="ref-for-ip-address④">IP addresses</a> that the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#resolve-an-origin" id="ref-for-resolve-an-origin①">resolve an origin</a> algorithm can return can differ between invocations. The particulars (apart from the cache key) are not tied down as they are not pertinent to the system the Fetch Standard establishes. Other documents ought not to build on this primitive without having a considered discussion with the Fetch Standard community first. </div> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.6" id="connections">2.6. Connections<a class="self-link" href="#connections"></a></h3> A user agent has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-connection-pool">connection pool</dfn>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-pool" id="ref-for-concept-connection-pool">connection pool</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ordered-set" id="ref-for-ordered-set④">ordered set</a> of zero or more <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="connection" id="concept-connection">connections</dfn>. Each <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection">connection</a> is identified by an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="connection-key">key</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#network-partition-key" id="ref-for-network-partition-key①">network partition key</a>), <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="connection-origin">origin</dfn> (an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin③">origin</a>), and <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="connection-credentials">credentials</dfn> (a boolean). Each <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection①">connection</a> has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-connection-timing-info">timing info</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info①">connection timing info</a>). A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="connection-timing-info">connection timing info</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct" id="ref-for-struct④">struct</a> used to maintain timing information pertaining to the process of obtaining a connection. It has the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct-item" id="ref-for-struct-item④">items</a>: <dl> <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time">domain lookup start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time">domain lookup end time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="connection-timing-info-connection-start-time">connection start time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="connection-timing-info-connection-end-time">connection end time</dfn> (default 0) <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time">secure connection start time</dfn> (default 0) <dd>A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dom-domhighrestimestamp" id="ref-for-dom-domhighrestimestamp①">DOMHighResTimeStamp</a></code>. <dt><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="connection timing info" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol">ALPN negotiated protocol</dfn> (default the empty <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①③">byte sequence</a>) <dd>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①④">byte sequence</a>. </dl> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="clamp and coarsen connection timing info"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="clamp-and-coarsen-connection-timing-info">clamp and coarsen connection timing info</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info②">connection timing info</a> <var>timingInfo</var>, a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dom-domhighrestimestamp" id="ref-for-dom-domhighrestimestamp②">DOMHighResTimeStamp</a></code> <var>defaultStartTime</var>, and a boolean <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-start-time">connection start time</a> is less than <var>defaultStartTime</var>, then return a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info③">connection timing info</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time">domain lookup start time</a> is <var>defaultStartTime</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time">domain lookup end time</a> is <var>defaultStartTime</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-start-time①">connection start time</a> is <var>defaultStartTime</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-end-time">connection end time</a> is <var>defaultStartTime</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time">secure connection start time</a> is <var>defaultStartTime</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol">ALPN negotiated protocol</a> is <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol①">ALPN negotiated protocol</a>. <li> Return a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info④">connection timing info</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time①">domain lookup start time</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsen-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsen-time">coarsen time</a> given <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time②">domain lookup start time</a> and <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time①">domain lookup end time</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsen-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsen-time①">coarsen time</a> given <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time②">domain lookup end time</a> and <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-start-time②">connection start time</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsen-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsen-time②">coarsen time</a> given <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-start-time③">connection start time</a> and <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-end-time①">connection end time</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsen-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsen-time③">coarsen time</a> given <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-end-time②">connection end time</a> and <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time①">secure connection start time</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsen-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsen-time④">coarsen time</a> given <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-end-time③">connection end time</a> and <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol②">ALPN negotiated protocol</a> is <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol③">ALPN negotiated protocol</a>. </ol> </div> <hr> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="new-connection-setting">new connection setting</dfn> is "<code>no</code>", "<code>yes</code>", or "<code>yes-and-dedicated</code>". <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="obtain a connection"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-connection-obtain">obtain a connection</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#network-partition-key" id="ref-for-network-partition-key②">network partition key</a> <var>key</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①④">URL</a> <var>url</var>, boolean <var>credentials</var>, an optional <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#new-connection-setting" id="ref-for-new-connection-setting">new connection setting</a> <var>new</var> (default "<code>no</code>"), and an optional boolean <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="obtain a connection" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="obtain-a-connection-requireunreliable"><var>requireUnreliable</var></dfn> (default false), run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>new</var> is "<code>no</code>", then: <ol> <li> Let <var>connections</var> be a set of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection②">connections</a> in the user agent’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-pool" id="ref-for-concept-connection-pool①">connection pool</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-key" id="ref-for-connection-key">key</a> is <var>key</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-origin" id="ref-for-connection-origin">origin</a> is <var>url</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin④">origin</a>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-credentials" id="ref-for-connection-credentials">credentials</a> is <var>credentials</var>. <li> If <var>connections</var> is not empty and <var>requireUnreliable</var> is false, then return one of <var>connections</var>. <li> If there is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection③">connection</a> capable of supporting unreliable transport in <var>connections</var>, e.g., HTTP/3, then return that <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection④">connection</a>. </ol> <li> Let <var>proxies</var> be the result of finding proxies for <var>url</var> in an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined⑤">implementation-defined</a> manner. If there are no proxies, let <var>proxies</var> be « "<code>DIRECT</code>" ». This is where non-standard technology such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Auto-Discovery_Protocol">Web Proxy Auto-Discovery Protocol (WPAD)</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_auto-config">proxy auto-config (PAC)</a> come into play. The "<code>DIRECT</code>" value means to not use a proxy for this particular <var>url</var>. <li> Let <var>timingInfo</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info⑤">connection timing info</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate⑦">For each</a> <var>proxy</var> of <var>proxies</var>: <ol> <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time③">domain lookup start time</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time">unsafe shared current time</a>. <li> Let <var>hosts</var> be « <var>url</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin⑤">origin</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin-host" id="ref-for-concept-origin-host③">host</a> ». <li> If <var>proxy</var> is "<code>DIRECT</code>", then set <var>hosts</var> to the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#resolve-an-origin" id="ref-for-resolve-an-origin②">resolve an origin</a> given <var>key</var> and <var>url</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin⑥">origin</a>. <li> If <var>hosts</var> is failure, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-continue" id="ref-for-iteration-continue②">continue</a>. <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time③">domain lookup end time</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time①">unsafe shared current time</a>. <li> Let <var>connection</var> be the result of running this step: run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#create-a-connection" id="ref-for-create-a-connection">create a connection</a> given <var>key</var>, <var>url</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin⑦">origin</a>, <var>credentials</var>, <var>proxy</var>, an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined⑥">implementation-defined</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-host" id="ref-for-concept-host">host</a> from <var>hosts</var>, <var>timingInfo</var>, and <var>requireUnreliable</var> an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined⑦">implementation-defined</a> number of times, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel">in parallel</a> from each other, and wait for at least 1 to return a value. In an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined⑧">implementation-defined</a> manner, select a value to return from the returned values and return it. Any other returned values that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection⑤">connections</a> may be closed. Essentially this allows an implementation to pick one or more <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#ip-address" id="ref-for-ip-address⑤">IP addresses</a> from the return value of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#resolve-an-origin" id="ref-for-resolve-an-origin③">resolve an origin</a> (assuming <var>proxy</var> is "<code>DIRECT</code>") and race them against each other, favor <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-ipv6" id="ref-for-concept-ipv6">IPv6 addresses</a>, retry in case of a timeout, etc. <li> If <var>connection</var> is failure, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-continue" id="ref-for-iteration-continue③">continue</a>. <li> If <var>new</var> is not "<code>yes-and-dedicated</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#set-append" id="ref-for-set-append①">append</a> <var>connection</var> to the user agent’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-pool" id="ref-for-concept-connection-pool②">connection pool</a>. <li> Return <var>connection</var>. </ol> <li> Return failure. </ol> This is intentionally a little vague as there are a lot of nuances to connection management that are best left to the discretion of implementers. Describing this helps explain the <code><link rel=preconnect></code> feature and clearly stipulates that <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection⑥">connections</a> are keyed on <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①">credentials</a>. The latter clarifies that, e.g., TLS session identifiers are not reused across <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection⑦">connections</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-credentials" id="ref-for-connection-credentials①">credentials</a> are false with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection⑧">connections</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-credentials" id="ref-for-connection-credentials②">credentials</a> are true. </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="create a connection"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="create-a-connection">create a connection</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#network-partition-key" id="ref-for-network-partition-key③">network partition key</a> <var>key</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin④">origin</a> <var>origin</var>, boolean <var>credentials</var>, string <var>proxy</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-host" id="ref-for-concept-host①">host</a> <var>host</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info⑥">connection timing info</a> <var>timingInfo</var>, and boolean <var>requireUnreliable</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-start-time④">connection start time</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time②">unsafe shared current time</a>. <li> Let <var>connection</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection⑨">connection</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-key" id="ref-for-connection-key①">key</a> is <var>key</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-origin" id="ref-for-connection-origin①">origin</a> is <var>origin</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-credentials" id="ref-for-connection-credentials③">credentials</a> is <var>credentials</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-concept-connection-timing-info">timing info</a> is <var>timingInfo</var>. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#record-connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-record-connection-timing-info">Record connection timing info</a> given <var>connection</var> and use <var>connection</var> to establish an HTTP connection to <var>host</var>, taking <var>proxy</var> and <var>origin</var> into account, with the following caveats: <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http1" title="HTTP/1.1">[HTTP1]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-tls" title="The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3">[TLS]</a> <ul> <li> If <var>requireUnreliable</var> is true, then establish a connection capable of unreliable transport, e.g., an HTTP/3 connection. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http3" title="HTTP/3">[HTTP3]</a> <li> When establishing a connection capable of unreliable transport, enable options that are necessary for WebTransport. For HTTP/3, this means including <code>SETTINGS_ENABLE_WEBTRANSPORT</code> with a value of <code>1</code> and <code>H3_DATAGRAM</code> with a value of <code>1</code> in the initial <code>SETTINGS</code> frame. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-webtransport-http3" title="WebTransport over HTTP/3">[WEBTRANSPORT-HTTP3]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http3-datagram" title="HTTP Datagrams and the Capsule Protocol">[HTTP3-DATAGRAM]</a> <li> If <var>credentials</var> is false, then do not send a TLS client certificate. <li> If establishing a connection does not succeed (e.g., a UDP, TCP, or TLS error), then return failure. </ul> <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol④">ALPN negotiated protocol</a> to <var>connection</var>’s ALPN Protocol ID, with the following caveats: <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc7301" title="Transport Layer Security (TLS) Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Extension">[RFC7301]</a> <ul> <li> When a proxy is configured, if a tunnel connection is established then this must be the ALPN Protocol ID of the tunneled protocol, otherwise it must be the ALPN Protocol ID of the first hop to the proxy. <li> In case the user agent is using an experimental, non-registered protocol, the user agent must use the used ALPN Protocol ID, if any. If ALPN was not used for protocol negotiations, the user agent may use another descriptive string. <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol⑤">ALPN negotiated protocol</a> is intended to identify the network protocol in use regardless of how it was actually negotiated; that is, even if ALPN is not used to negotiate the network protocol, this is the ALPN Protocol IDs that indicates the protocol in use. </ul> IANA maintains a <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-extensiontype-values/tls-extensiontype-values.xhtml#alpn-protocol-ids">list of ALPN Protocol IDs</a>. <li> Return <var>connection</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="record connection timing info"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="record-connection-timing-info">record connection timing info</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection①⓪">connection</a> <var>connection</var>, let <var>timingInfo</var> be <var>connection</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-concept-connection-timing-info①">timing info</a> and observe these requirements: <ul> <li> <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-end-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-end-time④">connection end time</a> should be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time③">unsafe shared current time</a> immediately after establishing the connection to the server or proxy, as follows: <ul> <li> The returned time must include the time interval to establish the transport connection, as well as other time intervals such as SOCKS authentication. It must include the time interval to complete enough of the TLS handshake to request the resource. <li> If the user agent used TLS False Start for this connection, this interval must not include the time needed to receive the server’s Finished message. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc7918" title="Transport Layer Security (TLS) False Start">[RFC7918]</a> <li> If the user agent sends the request with early data without waiting for the full handshake to complete, this interval must not include the time needed to receive the server’s ServerHello message. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc8470" title="Using Early Data in HTTP">[RFC8470]</a> <li> If the user agent waits for full handshake completion to send the request, this interval includes the full TLS handshake even if other requests were sent using early data on <var>connection</var>. </ul> <a class="self-link" href="#example-connection-end-time"></a>Suppose the user agent establishes an HTTP/2 connection over TLS 1.3 to send a <code>GET</code> request and a <code>POST</code> request. It sends the ClientHello at time <var>t1</var> and then sends the <code>GET</code> request with early data. The <code>POST</code> request is not safe (<a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a>, section 9.2.1), so the user agent waits to complete the handshake at time <var>t2</var> before sending it. Although both requests used the same connection, the <code>GET</code> request reports a connection end time of <var>t1</var>, while the <code>POST</code> request reports <var>t2</var>. <li> If a secure transport is used, <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time②">secure connection start time</a> should be the result of calling <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time④">unsafe shared current time</a> immediately before starting the handshake process to secure <var>connection</var>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-tls" title="The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3">[TLS]</a> <li> If <var>connection</var> is an HTTP/3 connection, <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-connection-start-time⑤">connection start time</a> and <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time" id="ref-for-connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time③">secure connection start time</a> must be equal. (In HTTP/3 the secure transport handshake process is performed as part of the initial connection setup.) <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http3" title="HTTP/3">[HTTP3]</a> </ul> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#clamp-and-coarsen-connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-clamp-and-coarsen-connection-timing-info">clamp and coarsen connection timing info</a> algorithm ensures that details of reused connections are not exposed and time values are coarsened. </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.7" id="network-partition-keys">2.7. Network partition keys<a class="self-link" href="#network-partition-keys"></a></h3> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="network-partition-key">network partition key</dfn> is a tuple consisting of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#site" id="ref-for-site">site</a> and null or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined⑨">implementation-defined</a> value. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="determine the network partition key"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="determine-the-network-partition-key">determine the network partition key</dfn>, given an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment" id="ref-for-environment②">environment</a> <var>environment</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>topLevelOrigin</var> be <var>environment</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-environment-top-level-origin" id="ref-for-concept-environment-top-level-origin">top-level origin</a>. <li> If <var>topLevelOrigin</var> is null, then set <var>topLevelOrigin</var> to <var>environment</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-environment-top-level-creation-url" id="ref-for-concept-environment-top-level-creation-url">top-level creation URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin⑧">origin</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①⑤">Assert</a>: <var>topLevelOrigin</var> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin⑤">origin</a>. <li> Let <var>topLevelSite</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#obtain-a-site" id="ref-for-obtain-a-site">obtaining a site</a>, given <var>topLevelOrigin</var>. <li> Let <var>secondKey</var> be null or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①⓪">implementation-defined</a> value. The second key is intentionally a little vague as the finer points are still evolving. See <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/1035">issue #1035</a>. <li> Return (<var>topLevelSite</var>, <var>secondKey</var>). </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="determine the network partition key" data-algorithm-for="request"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="request-determine-the-network-partition-key">determine the network partition key</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦⑦">request</a> <var>request</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reserved-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-reserved-client">reserved client</a> is non-null, then return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#determine-the-network-partition-key" id="ref-for-determine-the-network-partition-key">determining the network partition key</a> given <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reserved-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-reserved-client①">reserved client</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client④">client</a> is non-null, then return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#determine-the-network-partition-key" id="ref-for-determine-the-network-partition-key①">determining the network partition key</a> given <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client⑤">client</a>. <li> Return null. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.8" id="http-cache-partitions">2.8. HTTP cache partitions<a class="self-link" href="#http-cache-partitions"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="determine the HTTP cache partition"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="determine-the-http-cache-partition">determine the HTTP cache partition</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦⑧">request</a> <var>request</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>key</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-determine-the-network-partition-key" id="ref-for-request-determine-the-network-partition-key">determining the network partition key</a> given <var>request</var>. <li> If <var>key</var> is null, then return null. <li> Return the unique HTTP cache associated with <var>key</var>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.9" id="port-blocking">2.9. Port blocking<a class="self-link" href="#port-blocking"></a></h3> New protocols can avoid the need for blocking ports by negotiating the protocol through TLS using ALPN. The protocol cannot be spoofed through HTTP requests in that case. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc7301" title="Transport Layer Security (TLS) Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Extension">[RFC7301]</a> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="block bad port"> To determine whether fetching a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑦⑨">request</a> <var>request</var> <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="block bad port" id="block-bad-port">should be blocked due to a bad port</dfn>: <ol> <li> Let <var>url</var> be <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②">current URL</a>. <li> If <var>url</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①">scheme</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme③">HTTP(S) scheme</a> and <var>url</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-port" id="ref-for-concept-url-port">port</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bad-port" id="ref-for-bad-port">bad port</a>, then return blocked. <li> Return allowed. </ol> </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-port" id="ref-for-concept-url-port①">port</a> is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="bad-port">bad port</dfn> if it is listed in the first column of the following table. <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Port <th>Typical service <tr> <td>1 <td>tcpmux <tr> <td>7 <td>echo <tr> <td>9 <td>discard <tr> <td>11 <td>systat <tr> <td>13 <td>daytime <tr> <td>15 <td>netstat <tr> <td>17 <td>qotd <tr> <td>19 <td>chargen <tr> <td>20 <td>ftp-data <tr> <td>21 <td>ftp <tr> <td>22 <td>ssh <tr> <td>23 <td>telnet <tr> <td>25 <td>smtp <tr> <td>37 <td>time <tr> <td>42 <td>name <tr> <td>43 <td>nicname <tr> <td>53 <td>domain <tr> <td>69 <td>tftp <tr> <td>77 <td>— <tr> <td>79 <td>finger <tr> <td>87 <td>— <tr> <td>95 <td>supdup <tr> <td>101 <td>hostname <tr> <td>102 <td>iso-tsap <tr> <td>103 <td>gppitnp <tr> <td>104 <td>acr-nema <tr> <td>109 <td>pop2 <tr> <td>110 <td>pop3 <tr> <td>111 <td>sunrpc <tr> <td>113 <td>auth <tr> <td>115 <td>sftp <tr> <td>117 <td>uucp-path <tr> <td>119 <td>nntp <tr> <td>123 <td>ntp <tr> <td>135 <td>epmap <tr> <td>137 <td>netbios-ns <tr> <td>139 <td>netbios-ssn <tr> <td>143 <td>imap <tr> <td>161 <td>snmp <tr> <td>179 <td>bgp <tr> <td>389 <td>ldap <tr> <td>427 <td>svrloc <tr> <td>465 <td>submissions <tr> <td>512 <td>exec <tr> <td>513 <td>login <tr> <td>514 <td>shell <tr> <td>515 <td>printer <tr> <td>526 <td>tempo <tr> <td>530 <td>courier <tr> <td>531 <td>chat <tr> <td>532 <td>netnews <tr> <td>540 <td>uucp <tr> <td>548 <td>afp <tr> <td>554 <td>rtsp <tr> <td>556 <td>remotefs <tr> <td>563 <td>nntps <tr> <td>587 <td>submission <tr> <td>601 <td>syslog-conn <tr> <td>636 <td>ldaps <tr> <td>989 <td>ftps-data <tr> <td>990 <td>ftps <tr> <td>993 <td>imaps <tr> <td>995 <td>pop3s <tr> <td>1719 <td>h323gatestat <tr> <td>1720 <td>h323hostcall <tr> <td>1723 <td>pptp <tr> <td>2049 <td>nfs <tr> <td>3659 <td>apple-sasl <tr> <td>4045 <td>npp <tr> <td>4190 <td>sieve <tr> <td>5060 <td>sip <tr> <td>5061 <td>sips <tr> <td>6000 <td>x11 <tr> <td>6566 <td>sane-port <tr> <td>6665 <td>ircu <tr> <td>6666 <td>ircu <tr> <td>6667 <td>ircu <tr> <td>6668 <td>ircu <tr> <td>6669 <td>ircu <tr> <td>6679 <td>osaut <tr> <td>6697 <td>ircs-u <tr> <td>10080 <td>amanda </table> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="should response to request be blocked due to mime type"> <h3 class="heading settled dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-level="2.10" data-lt="should response to request be blocked due to mime type" id="should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-mime-type?">2.10. Should <var>response</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked due to its MIME type?<a class="self-link" href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-mime-type?" id="ref-for-should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-mime-type?"></a></h3> Run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type②">extracting a MIME type</a> from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list⑧">header list</a>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var> is failure, then return allowed. <li> Let <var>destination</var> be <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination⑧">destination</a>. <li> If <var>destination</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-destination-script-like" id="ref-for-request-destination-script-like①">script-like</a> and one of the following is true, then return blocked: <ul class="brief"> <li><var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence①">essence</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-starts-with" id="ref-for-string-starts-with①">starts with</a> "<code>audio/</code>", "<code>image/</code>", or "<code>video/</code>". <li><var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence②">essence</a> is "<code>text/csv</code>". </ul> <li> Return allowed. </ol> </div> <h2 class="heading settled" data-level="3" id="http-extensions">3. HTTP extensions<a class="self-link" href="#http-extensions"></a></h2> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.1" id="origin-header">3.1. `<code>Origin</code>` header<a class="self-link" href="#origin-header"></a></h3> The `<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-origin"><code>Origin</code></dfn>` request <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②⑧">header</a> indicates where a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①⑧">fetch</a> originates from. The `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-origin" id="ref-for-http-origin②"><code>Origin</code></a>` header is a version of the `<code>Referer</code>` [sic] header that does not reveal a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-path" id="ref-for-concept-url-path">path</a>. It is used for all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-fetch②">HTTP fetches</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting②">response tainting</a> is "<code>cors</code>", as well as those where <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧①">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①">method</a> is neither `<code>GET</code>` nor `<code>HEAD</code>`. Due to compatibility constraints it is not included in all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch①⑨">fetches</a>. Its possible <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①①">values</a> are all the return values of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-byte-serializing-a-request-origin">byte-serializing a request origin</a>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧②">request</a>. This supplants the definition in <cite>The Web Origin Concept</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-origin" title="The Web Origin Concept">[ORIGIN]</a> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="append a request `Origin` header"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="append-a-request-origin-header">append a request `<code>Origin</code>` header</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧③">request</a> <var>request</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①⑥">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin⑦">origin</a> is not "<code>client</code>". <li> Let <var>serializedOrigin</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-byte-serializing-a-request-origin①">byte-serializing a request origin</a> with <var>request</var>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting③">response tainting</a> is "<code>cors</code>" or <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode⑤">mode</a> is "<code>websocket</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①">append</a> (`<code>Origin</code>`, <var>serializedOrigin</var>) to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③">header list</a>. <li> Otherwise, if <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②">method</a> is neither `<code>GET</code>` nor `<code>HEAD</code>`, then: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode⑥">mode</a> is not "<code>cors</code>", then switch on <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy">referrer policy</a>: <dl class="switch"> <dt>"<code>no-referrer</code>" <dd> Set <var>serializedOrigin</var> to `<code>null</code>`. <dt>"<code>no-referrer-when-downgrade</code>" <dt>"<code>strict-origin</code>" <dt>"<code>strict-origin-when-cross-origin</code>" <dd> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin⑧">origin</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin-tuple" id="ref-for-concept-origin-tuple">tuple origin</a>, its <var>scheme</var> is "<code>https</code>", and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③">current URL</a>’s <var>scheme</var> is not "<code>https</code>", then set <var>serializedOrigin</var> to `<code>null</code>`. <dt>"<code>same-origin</code>" <dd> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin⑨">origin</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin③">same origin</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url④">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin⑨">origin</a>, then set <var>serializedOrigin</var> to `<code>null</code>`. <dt>Otherwise <dd>Do nothing. </dl> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append②">Append</a> (`<code>Origin</code>`, <var>serializedOrigin</var>) to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④">header list</a>. </ol> </ol> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧④">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy①">referrer policy</a> is taken into account for all fetches where the fetcher did not explicitly opt into sharing their <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin⑥">origin</a> with the server, e.g., via using the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol②">CORS protocol</a>. </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2" id="http-cors-protocol">3.2. CORS protocol<a class="self-link" href="#http-cors-protocol"></a></h3> To allow sharing responses cross-origin and allow for more versatile <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②⓪">fetches</a> than possible with HTML’s <code><a data-link-type="element" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/forms.html#the-form-element" id="ref-for-the-form-element">form</a></code> element, the <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cors-protocol">CORS protocol</dfn> exists. It is layered on top of HTTP and allows responses to declare they can be shared with other <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin⑦">origins</a>. It needs to be an opt-in mechanism to prevent leaking data from responses behind a firewall (intranets). Additionally, for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧⑤">requests</a> including <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials②">credentials</a> it needs to be opt-in to prevent leaking potentially-sensitive data. This section explains the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol③">CORS protocol</a> as it pertains to server developers. Requirements for user agents are part of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②①">fetch</a> algorithm, except for the <a href="#http-new-header-syntax">new HTTP header syntax</a>. <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2.1" id="general">3.2.1. General<a class="self-link" href="#general"></a></h4> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol④">CORS protocol</a> consists of a set of headers that indicates whether a response can be shared cross-origin. For <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧⑥">requests</a> that are more involved than what is possible with HTML’s <code><a data-link-type="element" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/forms.html#the-form-element" id="ref-for-the-form-element①">form</a></code> element, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request①">CORS-preflight request</a> is performed, to ensure <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧⑦">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url⑤">current URL</a> supports the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol⑤">CORS protocol</a>. <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2.2" id="http-requests">3.2.2. HTTP requests<a class="self-link" href="#http-requests"></a></h4> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cors-request">CORS request</dfn> is an HTTP request that includes an `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-origin" id="ref-for-http-origin③"><code>Origin</code></a>` header. It cannot be reliably identified as participating in the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol⑥">CORS protocol</a> as the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-origin" id="ref-for-http-origin④"><code>Origin</code></a>` header is also included for all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧⑧">requests</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method③">method</a> is neither `<code>GET</code>` nor `<code>HEAD</code>`. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cors-preflight-request">CORS-preflight request</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①">CORS request</a> that checks to see if the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol⑦">CORS protocol</a> is understood. It uses `<code>OPTIONS</code>` as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method⑥">method</a> and includes the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header②⑨">header</a>: <dl> <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-request-method"><code>Access-Control-Request-Method</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates which <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method⑦">method</a> a future <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request②">CORS request</a> to the same resource might use. </dl> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request②">CORS-preflight request</a> can also include the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③⓪">header</a>: <dl> <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-request-headers"><code>Access-Control-Request-Headers</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates which <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③①">headers</a> a future <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request③">CORS request</a> to the same resource might use. </dl> <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2.3" id="http-responses">3.2.3. HTTP responses<a class="self-link" href="#http-responses"></a></h4> An HTTP response to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request④">CORS request</a> can include the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③②">headers</a>: <dl> <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-allow-origin"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates whether the response can be shared, via returning the literal <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①②">value</a> of the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-origin" id="ref-for-http-origin⑤"><code>Origin</code></a>` request <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③③">header</a> (which can be `<code>null</code>`) or `<code>*</code>` in a response. <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-allow-credentials"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates whether the response can be shared when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑧⑨">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode②">credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>". For a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request③">CORS-preflight request</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode③">credentials mode</a> is always "<code>same-origin</code>", i.e., it excludes credentials, but for any subsequent <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request⑤">CORS requests</a> it might not be. Support therefore needs to be indicated as part of the HTTP response to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request④">CORS-preflight request</a> as well. </dl> An HTTP response to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request⑤">CORS-preflight request</a> can include the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③④">headers</a>: <dl> <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-allow-methods"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates which <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method⑧">methods</a> are supported by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③⑤">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url③">URL</a> for the purposes of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol⑧">CORS protocol</a>. The `<code>Allow</code>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③⑤">header</a> is not relevant for the purposes of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol⑨">CORS protocol</a>. <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-allow-headers"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates which <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③⑥">headers</a> are supported by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③⑥">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url④">URL</a> for the purposes of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①⓪">CORS protocol</a>. <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-max-age"><code>Access-Control-Max-Age</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates the number of seconds (5 by default) the information provided by the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-methods" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-methods"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</code></a>` and `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-headers"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</code></a>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③⑦">headers</a> can be cached. </dl> An HTTP response to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request⑥">CORS request</a> that is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request⑥">CORS-preflight request</a> can also include the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③⑧">header</a>: <dl> <dt>`<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-access-control-expose-headers"><code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code></dfn>` <dd> Indicates which <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header③⑨">headers</a> can be exposed as part of the response by listing their <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①⑦">names</a>. </dl> <hr> A successful HTTP response, i.e., one where the server developer intends to share it, to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request⑦">CORS request</a> can use any <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-status" id="ref-for-concept-status④">status</a>, as long as it includes the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④⓪">headers</a> stated above with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①③">values</a> matching up with the request. A successful HTTP response to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request⑦">CORS-preflight request</a> is similar, except it is restricted to an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#ok-status" id="ref-for-ok-status">ok status</a>, e.g., 200 or 204. Any other kind of HTTP response is not successful and will either end up not being shared or fail the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request⑧">CORS-preflight request</a>. Be aware that any work the server performs might nonetheless leak through side channels, such as timing. If server developers wish to denote this explicitly, the 403 <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-status" id="ref-for-concept-status⑤">status</a> can be used, coupled with omitting the relevant <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④①">headers</a>. If desired, “failure” could also be shared, but that would make it a successful HTTP response. That is why for a successful HTTP response to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request⑧">CORS request</a> that is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request⑨">CORS-preflight request</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-status" id="ref-for-concept-status⑥">status</a> can be anything, including 403. Ultimately server developers have a lot of freedom in how they handle HTTP responses and these tactics can differ between the response to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request①⓪">CORS-preflight request</a> and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request⑨">CORS request</a> that follows it: <ul> <li> They can provide a static response. This can be helpful when working with caching intermediaries. A static response can both be successful and not successful depending on the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①⓪">CORS request</a>. This is okay. <li> They can provide a dynamic response, tuned to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①①">CORS request</a>. This can be helpful when the response body is to be tailored to a specific origin or a response needs to have credentials and be successful for a set of origins. </ul> <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2.4" id="http-new-header-syntax">3.2.4. HTTP new-header syntax<a class="self-link" href="#http-new-header-syntax"></a></h4> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abnf" id="ref-for-abnf③">ABNF</a> for the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①④">values</a> of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④②">headers</a> used by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①①">CORS protocol</a>: <pre><code class="lang-abnf highlight"><c- nc>Access-Control-Request-Method</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#method.overview" id="ref-for-method.overview①"><c- nc>method</c-></a> <c- nc>Access-Control-Request-Headers</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <c- o>1</c->#<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#fields.names" id="ref-for-fields.names①"><c- nc>field-name</c-></a> <c- nc>wildcard</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <c- l>"*"</c-> <c- nc>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <c- nc>origin-or-null</c-> <c- o>/</c-> <c- nc>wildcard</c-> <c- nc>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <c- l>%s"true"</c-> <c- c1>; case-sensitive</c-> <c- nc>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</c-> <c- o>=</c-> #<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#fields.names" id="ref-for-fields.names②"><c- nc>field-name</c-></a> <c- nc>Access-Control-Max-Age</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#delta-seconds" id="ref-for-delta-seconds"><c- nc>delta-seconds</c-></a> <c- nc>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</c-> <c- o>=</c-> #<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#method.overview" id="ref-for-method.overview②"><c- nc>method</c-></a> <c- nc>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</c-> <c- o>=</c-> #<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#fields.names" id="ref-for-fields.names③"><c- nc>field-name</c-></a> </code></pre> For `<code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code>`, `<code>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</code>`, and `<code>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</code>` response <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④③">headers</a>, the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①⑤">value</a> `<code>*</code>` counts as a wildcard for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨①">requests</a> without <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials③">credentials</a>. For such <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨②">requests</a> there is no way to solely match a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①⑦">header name</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method⑨">method</a> that is `<code>*</code>`. <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2.5" id="cors-protocol-and-credentials">3.2.5. CORS protocol and credentials<a class="self-link" href="#cors-protocol-and-credentials"></a></h4> When <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode④">credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>" it has an impact on the functioning of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①②">CORS protocol</a> other than including <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials④">credentials</a> in the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②②">fetch</a>. <div class="example" id="example-xhr-credentials"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-xhr-credentials"></a> In the old days, <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest④">XMLHttpRequest</a></code> could be used to set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨④">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode⑤">credentials mode</a> to "<code>include</code>": <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight"><c- a>var</c-> client <c- o>=</c-> <c- ow>new</c-> XMLHttpRequest<c- p>()</c-> client<c- p>.</c->open<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"GET"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- u>"./"</c-><c- p>)</c-> client<c- p>.</c->withCredentials <c- o>=</c-> <c- kc>true</c-> <c- d>/* … */</c-> </code></pre> Nowadays, <code>fetch("./", { credentials:"include" }).then(/* … */)</code> suffices. </div> A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨⑤">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode⑥">credentials mode</a> is not necessarily observable on the server; only when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials⑤">credentials</a> exist for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨⑥">request</a> can it be observed by virtue of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials⑥">credentials</a> being included. Note that even so, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request①①">CORS-preflight request</a> never includes <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials⑦">credentials</a>. The server developer therefore needs to decide whether or not responses "tainted" with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials⑧">credentials</a> can be shared. And also needs to decide if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨⑦">requests</a> necessitating a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request①②">CORS-preflight request</a> can include <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials⑨">credentials</a>. Generally speaking, both sharing responses and allowing requests with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①⓪">credentials</a> is rather unsafe, and extreme care has to be taken to avoid the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confused_deputy_problem">confused deputy problem</a>. To share responses with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①①">credentials</a>, the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` and `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-credentials" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-credentials"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code></a>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④④">headers</a> are important. The following table serves to illustrate the various legal and illegal combinations for a request to <code>https://rabbit.invalid/</code>: <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Request’s credentials mode <th>`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin①"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` <th>`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-credentials" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-credentials①"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code></a>` <th>Shared? <th>Notes <tr> <td>"<code>omit</code>" <td>`<code>*</code>` <td>Omitted <td>✅ <td>— <tr> <td>"<code>omit</code>" <td>`<code>*</code>` <td>`<code>true</code>` <td>✅ <td>If credentials mode is not "<code>include</code>", then `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-credentials" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-credentials②"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code></a>` is ignored. <tr> <td>"<code>omit</code>" <td>`<code>https://rabbit.invalid/</code>` <td>Omitted <td>❌ <td>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#ascii-serialisation-of-an-origin" id="ref-for-ascii-serialisation-of-an-origin①">serialized</a> origin has no trailing slash. <tr> <td>"<code>omit</code>" <td>`<code>https://rabbit.invalid</code>` <td>Omitted <td>✅ <td>— <tr> <td>"<code>include</code>" <td>`<code>*</code>` <td>`<code>true</code>` <td>❌ <td>If credentials mode is "<code>include</code>", then `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin②"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` cannot be `<code>*</code>`. <tr> <td>"<code>include</code>" <td>`<code>https://rabbit.invalid</code>` <td>`<code>true</code>` <td>✅ <td>— <tr> <td>"<code>include</code>" <td>`<code>https://rabbit.invalid</code>` <td>`<code>True</code>` <td>❌ <td>`<code>true</code>` is (byte) case-sensitive. </table> Similarly, `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-expose-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-expose-headers①"><code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code></a>`, `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-methods" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-methods①"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</code></a>`, and `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-headers①"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</code></a>` response headers can only use `<code>*</code>` as value when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode⑦">credentials mode</a> is not "<code>include</code>". <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2.6" id="cors-protocol-examples">3.2.6. Examples<a class="self-link" href="#cors-protocol-examples"></a></h4> <div class="example" id="example-simple-cors"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-simple-cors"></a> A script at <code>https://foo.invalid/</code> wants to fetch some data from <code>https://bar.invalid/</code>. (Neither <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①②">credentials</a> nor response header access is important.) <pre id="unicorn"><code class="lang-javascript highlight"><c- a>var</c-> url <c- o>=</c-> <c- u>"https://bar.invalid/api?key=730d67a37d7f3d802e96396d00280768773813fbe726d116944d814422fc1a45&data=about:unicorn"</c-><c- p>;</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c->url<c- p>).</c->then<c- p>(</c->success<c- p>,</c-> failure<c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> This will use the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①③">CORS protocol</a>, though this is entirely transparent to the developer from <code>foo.invalid</code>. As part of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①④">CORS protocol</a>, the user agent will include the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-origin" id="ref-for-http-origin⑥"><code>Origin</code></a>` header in the request: <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Origin: https://foo.invalid </code></pre> Upon receiving a response from <code>bar.invalid</code>, the user agent will verify the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin③"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` response header. If its value is either `<code>https://foo.invalid</code>` or `<code>*</code>`, the user agent will invoke the <code>success</code> callback. If it has any other value, or is missing, the user agent will invoke the <code>failure</code> callback. </div> <div class="example" id="example-cors-with-response-header"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-cors-with-response-header"></a> The developer of <code>foo.invalid</code> is back, and now wants to fetch some data from <code>bar.invalid</code> while also accessing a response header. <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c->url<c- p>).</c->then<c- p>(</c->response <c- p>=></c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- a>var</c-> hsts <c- o>=</c-> response<c- p>.</c->headers<c- p>.</c->get<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"strict-transport-security"</c-><c- p>),</c-> csp <c- o>=</c-> response<c- p>.</c->headers<c- p>.</c->get<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"content-security-policy"</c-><c- p>)</c-> log<c- p>(</c->hsts<c- p>,</c-> csp<c- p>)</c-> <c- p>})</c-> </code></pre> <code>bar.invalid</code> provides a correct `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin④"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` response header per the earlier example. The values of <code>hsts</code> and <code>csp</code> will depend on the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-expose-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-expose-headers②"><code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code></a>` response header. For example, if the response included the following headers <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self' Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains; preload Access-Control-Expose-Headers: Content-Security-Policy </code></pre> then <code>hsts</code> would be null and <code>csp</code> would be "<code>default-src 'self'</code>", even though the response did include both headers. This is because <code>bar.invalid</code> needs to explicitly share each header by listing their names in the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-expose-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-expose-headers③"><code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code></a>` response header. Alternatively, if <code>bar.invalid</code> wanted to share all its response headers, for requests that do not include <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①③">credentials</a>, it could use `<code>*</code>` as value for the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-expose-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-expose-headers④"><code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code></a>` response header. If the request would have included <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①④">credentials</a>, the response header names would have to be listed explicitly and `<code>*</code>` could not be used. </div> <div class="example" id="example-cors-with-credentials"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-cors-with-credentials"></a> The developer of <code>foo.invalid</code> returns, now fetching some data from <code>bar.invalid</code> while including <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①⑤">credentials</a>. This time around the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①⑤">CORS protocol</a> is no longer transparent to the developer as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①⑥">credentials</a> require an explicit opt-in: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c->url<c- p>,</c-> <c- p>{</c-> credentials<c- o>:</c-><c- u>"include"</c-> <c- p>}).</c->then<c- p>(</c->success<c- p>,</c-> failure<c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> This also makes any `<code>Set-Cookie</code>` response headers <code>bar.invalid</code> includes fully functional (they are ignored otherwise). The user agent will make sure to include any relevant <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①⑦">credentials</a> in the request. It will also put stricter requirements on the response. Not only will <code>bar.invalid</code> need to list `<code>https://foo.invalid</code>` as value for the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin⑤"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` header (`<code>*</code>` is not allowed when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①⑧">credentials</a> are involved), the `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-credentials" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-credentials③"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code></a>` header has to be present too: <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Access-Control-Allow-Origin: https://foo.invalid Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true </code></pre> If the response does not include those two headers with those values, the <code>failure</code> callback will be invoked. However, any `<code>Set-Cookie</code>` response headers will be respected. </div> <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="3.2.7" id="cors-protocol-exceptions">3.2.7. CORS protocol exceptions<a class="self-link" href="#cors-protocol-exceptions"></a></h4> Specifications have allowed limited exceptions to the CORS safelist for non-safelisted `<code>Content-Type</code>` header values. These exceptions are made for requests that can be triggered by web content but whose headers and bodies can be only minimally controlled by the web content. Therefore, servers should expect cross-origin web content to be allowed to trigger non-preflighted requests with the following non-safelisted `<code>Content-Type</code>` header values: <ul class="brief"> <li>`<code>application/csp-report</code>` <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-csp" title="Content Security Policy Level 3">[CSP]</a> <li>`<code>application/expect-ct-report+json</code>` <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc9163" title="Expect-CT Extension for HTTP">[RFC9163]</a> <li>`<code>application/xss-auditor-report</code>` <li>`<code>application/ocsp-request</code>` <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc6960" title="X.509 Internet Public Key Infrastructure Online Certificate Status Protocol - OCSP">[RFC6960]</a> </ul> Specifications should avoid introducing new exceptions and should only do so with careful consideration for the security consequences. New exceptions can be proposed by <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/new">filing an issue</a>. <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.3" id="content-length-header">3.3. `<code>Content-Length</code>` header<a class="self-link" href="#content-length-header"></a></h3> The `<code>Content-Length</code>` header is largely defined in HTTP. Its processing model is defined here as the model defined in HTTP is not compatible with web content. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="extract a length" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="extract a length|extracting a length" id="header-list-extract-a-length">extract a length</dfn> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list①⑨">header list</a> <var>headers</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>values</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-decode-split②">getting, decoding, and splitting</a> `<code>Content-Length</code>` from <var>headers</var>. <li> If <var>values</var> is null, then return null. <li> Let <var>candidateValue</var> be null. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate⑧">For each</a> <var>value</var> of <var>values</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>candidateValue</var> is null, then set <var>candidateValue</var> to <var>value</var>. <li> Otherwise, if <var>value</var> is not <var>candidateValue</var>, return failure. </ol> <li> If <var>candidateValue</var> is the empty string or has a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point⑨">code point</a> that is not an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-digit" id="ref-for-ascii-digit②">ASCII digit</a>, then return null. <li> Return <var>candidateValue</var>, interpreted as decimal number. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.4" id="content-type-header">3.4. `<code>Content-Type</code>` header<a class="self-link" href="#content-type-header"></a></h3> The `<code>Content-Type</code>` header is largely defined in HTTP. Its processing model is defined here as the model defined in HTTP is not compatible with web content. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="extract a MIME type" data-algorithm-for="header list"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="header list" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="extract a MIME type|extracting a MIME type" id="concept-header-extract-mime-type">extract a MIME type</dfn> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list②⓪">header list</a> <var>headers</var>, run these steps. They return failure or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type" id="ref-for-mime-type①">MIME type</a>. <ol> <li> Let <var>charset</var> be null. <li> Let <var>essence</var> be null. <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be null. <li> Let <var>values</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-decode-split③">getting, decoding, and splitting</a> `<code>Content-Type</code>` from <var>headers</var>. <li> If <var>values</var> is null, then return failure. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate⑨">For each</a> <var>value</var> of <var>values</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>temporaryMimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parse-a-mime-type" id="ref-for-parse-a-mime-type①">parsing</a> <var>value</var>. <li> If <var>temporaryMimeType</var> is failure or its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence③">essence</a> is "<code>*/*</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-continue" id="ref-for-iteration-continue④">continue</a>. <li> Set <var>mimeType</var> to <var>temporaryMimeType</var>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence④">essence</a> is not <var>essence</var>, then: <ol> <li> Set <var>charset</var> to null. <li> If <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parameters" id="ref-for-parameters">parameters</a>["<code>charset</code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists">exists</a>, then set <var>charset</var> to <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parameters" id="ref-for-parameters①">parameters</a>["<code>charset</code>"]. <li> Set <var>essence</var> to <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence⑤">essence</a>. </ol> <li> Otherwise, if <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parameters" id="ref-for-parameters②">parameters</a>["<code>charset</code>"] does not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①">exist</a>, and <var>charset</var> is non-null, set <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parameters" id="ref-for-parameters③">parameters</a>["<code>charset</code>"] to <var>charset</var>. </ol> <li> If <var>mimeType</var> is null, then return failure. <li> Return <var>mimeType</var>. </ol> </div> When <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type③">extract a MIME type</a> returns failure or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type" id="ref-for-mime-type②">MIME type</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence⑥">essence</a> is incorrect for a given format, treat this as a fatal error. Existing web platform features have not always followed this pattern, which has been a major source of security vulnerabilities in those features over the years. In contrast, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type" id="ref-for-mime-type③">MIME type</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parameters" id="ref-for-parameters④">parameters</a> can typically be safely ignored. <div class="example" id="example-extract-a-mime-type"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-extract-a-mime-type"></a> This is how <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type④">extract a MIME type</a> functions in practice: <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Headers (as on the network) <th>Output (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#serialize-a-mime-type" id="ref-for-serialize-a-mime-type">serialized</a>) <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Type: text/plain;charset=gbk, text/html </code></pre> <td><code>text/html</code> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Type: text/html;charset=gbk;a=b, text/html;x=y </code></pre> <td rowspan="2"><code>text/html;x=y;charset=gbk</code> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Type: text/html;charset=gbk;a=b Content-Type: text/html;x=y </code></pre> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Type: text/html;charset=gbk Content-Type: x/x Content-Type: text/html;x=y </code></pre> <td><code>text/html;x=y</code> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Type: text/html Content-Type: cannot-parse </code></pre> <td rowspan="3"><code>text/html</code> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Type: text/html Content-Type: */* </code></pre> <tr> <td> <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Content-Type: text/html Content-Type: </code></pre> </table> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="legacy extract an encoding"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="legacy-extract-an-encoding">legacy extract an encoding</dfn> given failure or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type" id="ref-for-mime-type④">MIME type</a> <var>mimeType</var> and an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#encoding" id="ref-for-encoding">encoding</a> <var>fallbackEncoding</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>mimeType</var> is failure, then return <var>fallbackEncoding</var>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var>["<code>charset</code>"] does not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists②">exist</a>, then return <var>fallbackEncoding</var>. <li> Let <var>tentativeEncoding</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-encoding-get" id="ref-for-concept-encoding-get">getting an encoding</a> from <var>mimeType</var>["<code>charset</code>"]. <li> If <var>tentativeEncoding</var> is failure, then return <var>fallbackEncoding</var>. <li> Return <var>tentativeEncoding</var>. </ol> <div class="note" role="note"> This algorithm allows <var>mimeType</var> to be failure so it can be more easily combined with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type⑤">extract a MIME type</a>. It is denoted as legacy as modern formats are to exclusively use <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8" id="ref-for-utf-8">UTF-8</a>. </div> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.5" id="x-content-type-options-header">3.5. `<code>X-Content-Type-Options</code>` header<a class="self-link" href="#x-content-type-options-header"></a></h3> The `<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-x-content-type-options"><code>X-Content-Type-Options</code></dfn>` response <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④⑤">header</a> can be used to require checking of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③⑦">response</a>’s `<code>Content-Type</code>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④⑥">header</a> against the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination⑨">destination</a> of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request⑨⑨">request</a>. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="determine nosniff"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="determine-nosniff">determine nosniff</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list②①">header list</a> <var>list</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>values</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-decode-split④">getting, decoding, and splitting</a> `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-x-content-type-options" id="ref-for-http-x-content-type-options"><code>X-Content-Type-Options</code></a>` from <var>list</var>. <li> If <var>values</var> is null, then return false. <li> If <var>values</var>[0] is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for "<code>nosniff</code>", then return true. <li> Return false. </ol> </div> Web developers and conformance checkers must use the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①⑥">value</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abnf" id="ref-for-abnf④">ABNF</a> for `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-x-content-type-options" id="ref-for-http-x-content-type-options①"><code>X-Content-Type-Options</code></a>`: <pre><code class="lang-abnf highlight"><c- nc>X-Content-Type-Options</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <c- l>"nosniff"</c-> <c- c1>; case-insensitive</c-> </code></pre> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="should response to request be blocked due to nosniff"> <h4 class="heading settled dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-level="3.5.1" data-lt="should response to request be blocked due to nosniff" data-noexport id="should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-nosniff?">3.5.1. Should <var>response</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked due to nosniff?<a class="self-link" href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-nosniff?" id="ref-for-should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-nosniff?"></a></h4> Run these steps: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#determine-nosniff" id="ref-for-determine-nosniff">determine nosniff</a> with <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list⑨">header list</a> is false, then return allowed. <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type⑥">extracting a MIME type</a> from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①⓪">header list</a>. <li> Let <var>destination</var> be <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①⓪">destination</a>. <li> If <var>destination</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-destination-script-like" id="ref-for-request-destination-script-like②">script-like</a> and <var>mimeType</var> is failure or is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#javascript-mime-type" id="ref-for-javascript-mime-type">JavaScript MIME type</a>, then return blocked. <li> If <var>destination</var> is "<code>style</code>" and <var>mimeType</var> is failure or its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence⑦">essence</a> is not "<code>text/css</code>", then return blocked. <li> Return allowed. </ol> Only <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪⓪">request</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①①">destinations</a> that are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-destination-script-like" id="ref-for-request-destination-script-like③">script-like</a> or "<code>style</code>" are considered as any exploits pertain to them. Also, considering "<code>image</code>" was not compatible with deployed content. </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.6" id="cross-origin-resource-policy-header">3.6. `<code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code>` header<a class="self-link" href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-header"></a></h3> The `<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-cross-origin-resource-policy"><code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code></dfn>` response <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④⑦">header</a> can be used to require checking a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪①">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url⑥">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①⓪">origin</a> against a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①⓪">origin</a> when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode⑦">mode</a> is "<code>no-cors</code>". Its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①⑦">value</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abnf" id="ref-for-abnf⑤">ABNF</a>: <pre><code class="lang-abnf highlight"><c- nc>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</c-> <c- o>=</c-> <c- l>%s"same-origin"</c-> <c- o>/</c-> <c- l>%s"same-site"</c-> <c- o>/</c-> <c- l>%s"cross-origin"</c-> <c- c1>; case-sensitive</c-> </code></pre> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="cross-origin resource policy check"> To perform a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="cross-origin-resource-policy-check">cross-origin resource policy check</dfn>, given an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①①">origin</a> <var>origin</var>, an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object⑦">environment settings object</a> <var>settingsObject</var>, a string <var>destination</var>, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③⑧">response</a> <var>response</var>, and an optional boolean <var>forNavigation</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Set <var>forNavigation</var> to false if it is not given. <li> Let <var>embedderPolicy</var> be <var>settingsObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-policy-container①">policy container</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container-embedder-policy" id="ref-for-policy-container-embedder-policy①">embedder policy</a>. <li> If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check" id="ref-for-cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check">cross-origin resource policy internal check</a> with <var>origin</var>, "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-unsafe-none" id="ref-for-coep-unsafe-none"><code>unsafe-none</code></a>", <var>response</var>, and <var>forNavigation</var> returns blocked, then return blocked. This step is needed because we don’t want to report violations not related to Cross-Origin Embedder Policy below. <li> If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check" id="ref-for-cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check①">cross-origin resource policy internal check</a> with <var>origin</var>, <var>embedderPolicy</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#embedder-policy-report-only-value" id="ref-for-embedder-policy-report-only-value">report only value</a>, <var>response</var>, and <var>forNavigation</var> returns blocked, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-cross-origin-embedder-policy-corp-violation-report" id="ref-for-queue-a-cross-origin-embedder-policy-corp-violation-report">queue a cross-origin embedder policy CORP violation report</a> with <var>response</var>, <var>settingsObject</var>, <var>destination</var>, and true. <li> If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check" id="ref-for-cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check②">cross-origin resource policy internal check</a> with <var>origin</var>, <var>embedderPolicy</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#embedder-policy-value-2" id="ref-for-embedder-policy-value-2①">value</a>, <var>response</var>, and <var>forNavigation</var> returns allowed, then return allowed. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-cross-origin-embedder-policy-corp-violation-report" id="ref-for-queue-a-cross-origin-embedder-policy-corp-violation-report①">Queue a cross-origin embedder policy CORP violation report</a> with <var>response</var>, <var>settingsObject</var>, <var>destination</var>, and false. <li> Return blocked. </ol> Only HTML’s navigate algorithm uses this check with <var>forNavigation</var> set to true, and it’s always for nested navigations. Otherwise, <var>response</var> is either the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response⑧">internal response</a> of an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque③">opaque filtered response</a> or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response③⑨">response</a> which will be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response⑨">internal response</a> of an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque④">opaque filtered response</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="cross-origin resource policy internal check"> To perform a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check">cross-origin resource policy internal check</dfn>, given an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①②">origin</a> <var>origin</var>, an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#embedder-policy-value" id="ref-for-embedder-policy-value">embedder policy value</a> <var>embedderPolicyValue</var>, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④⓪">response</a> <var>response</var>, and a boolean <var>forNavigation</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>forNavigation</var> is true and <var>embedderPolicyValue</var> is "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-unsafe-none" id="ref-for-coep-unsafe-none①"><code>unsafe-none</code></a>", then return allowed. <li> Let <var>policy</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get③">getting</a> `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-cross-origin-resource-policy" id="ref-for-http-cross-origin-resource-policy"><code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code></a>` from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①①">header list</a>. This means that `<code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy: same-site, same-origin</code>` ends up as allowed below as it will never match anything, as long as <var>embedderPolicyValue</var> is "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-unsafe-none" id="ref-for-coep-unsafe-none②"><code>unsafe-none</code></a>". Two or more `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-cross-origin-resource-policy" id="ref-for-http-cross-origin-resource-policy①"><code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code></a>` headers will have the same effect. <li> If <var>policy</var> is neither `<code>same-origin</code>`, `<code>same-site</code>`, nor `<code>cross-origin</code>`, then set <var>policy</var> to null. <li> If <var>policy</var> is null, then switch on <var>embedderPolicyValue</var>: <dl class="switch"> <dt>"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-unsafe-none" id="ref-for-coep-unsafe-none③"><code>unsafe-none</code></a>" <dd> Do nothing. <dt>"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-credentialless" id="ref-for-coep-credentialless①"><code>credentialless</code></a>" <dd> Set <var>policy</var> to `<code>same-origin</code>` if: <ul> <li><var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-request-includes-credentials" id="ref-for-response-request-includes-credentials">request-includes-credentials</a> is true, or <li><var>forNavigation</var> is true. </ul> <dt>"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-require-corp" id="ref-for-coep-require-corp"><code>require-corp</code></a>" <dd> Set <var>policy</var> to `<code>same-origin</code>`. </dl> <li> Switch on <var>policy</var>: <dl class="switch"> <dt>null <dt>`<code>cross-origin</code>` <dd> Return allowed. <dt>`<code>same-origin</code>` <dd> If <var>origin</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin④">same origin</a> with <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url⑤">URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①③">origin</a>, then return allowed. Otherwise, return blocked. <dt>`<code>same-site</code>` <dd> If all of the following are true <ul class="brief"> <li> <var>origin</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#schemelessly-same-site" id="ref-for-schemelessly-same-site">schemelessly same site</a> with <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url⑥">URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①④">origin</a> <li> <var>origin</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme②">scheme</a> is "<code>https</code>" or <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url⑦">URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme③">scheme</a> is not "<code>https</code>" </ul> then return allowed. Otherwise, return blocked. `<code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy: same-site</code>` does not consider a response delivered via a secure transport to match a non-secure requesting origin, even if their hosts are otherwise same site. Securely-transported responses will only match a securely-transported initiator. </dl> </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="queue a cross-origin embedder policy CORP violation report"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="queue-a-cross-origin-embedder-policy-corp-violation-report">queue a cross-origin embedder policy CORP violation report</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④①">response</a> <var>response</var>, an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object⑧">environment settings object</a> <var>settingsObject</var>, a string <var>destination</var>, and a boolean <var>reportOnly</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>endpoint</var> be <var>settingsObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-policy-container②">policy container</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container-embedder-policy" id="ref-for-policy-container-embedder-policy②">embedder policy</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#embedder-policy-report-only-reporting-endpoint" id="ref-for-embedder-policy-report-only-reporting-endpoint">report only reporting endpoint</a> if <var>reportOnly</var> is true and <var>settingsObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-policy-container③">policy container</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container-embedder-policy" id="ref-for-policy-container-embedder-policy③">embedder policy</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#embedder-policy-reporting-endpoint" id="ref-for-embedder-policy-reporting-endpoint">reporting endpoint</a> otherwise. <li> Let <var>serializedURL</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-a-response-url-for-reporting" id="ref-for-serialize-a-response-url-for-reporting">serializing a response URL for reporting</a> with <var>response</var>. <li> Let <var>disposition</var> be "<code>reporting</code>" if <var>reportOnly</var> is true; otherwise "<code>enforce</code>". <li> Let <var>body</var> be a new object containing the following properties: <table> <thead> <tr> <th>key <th>value <tbody> <tr> <td>"<code>type</code>" <td>"<code>corp</code>" <tr> <td>"<code>blockedURL</code>" <td><var>serializedURL</var> <tr> <td>"<code>destination</code>" <td><var>destination</var> <tr> <td>"<code>disposition</code>" <td><var>disposition</var> </table> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/reporting/#generate-and-queue-a-report" id="ref-for-generate-and-queue-a-report">Generate and queue a report</a> for <var>settingsObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global②">global object</a> given the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#coep-report-type" id="ref-for-coep-report-type">"<code>coep</code>" report type</a>, <var>endpoint</var>, and <var>body</var>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-reporting" title="Reporting API">[REPORTING]</a> </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="3.7" id="sec-purpose-header">3.7. `<code>Sec-Purpose</code>` header<a class="self-link" href="#sec-purpose-header"></a></h3> The `<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="http-header" data-export id="http-sec-purpose"><code>Sec-Purpose</code></dfn>` HTTP request header specifies that the request serves one or more purposes other than requesting the resource for immediate use by the user. The `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-sec-purpose" id="ref-for-http-sec-purpose"><code>Sec-Purpose</code></a>` header field is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#" id="ref-for-something">structured header</a> whose value must be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#token" id="ref-for-token">token</a>. The sole <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#token" id="ref-for-token①">token</a> defined is <code>prefetch</code>. It indicates the request’s purpose is to fetch a resource that is anticipated to be needed shortly. The server can use this to adjust the caching expiry for prefetches, to disallow the prefetch, or to treat it differently when counting page visits. <h2 class="heading settled" data-level="4" id="fetching">4. Fetching<a class="self-link" href="#fetching"></a></h2> The algorithm below defines <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②③">fetching</a>. In broad strokes, it takes a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪④">request</a> and one or more algorithms to run at various points during the operation. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④②">response</a> is passed to the last two algorithms listed below. The first two algorithms can be used to capture uploads. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-fetch">fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪⑤">request</a> <var>request</var>, an optional algorithm <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="process-request-body"><var>processRequestBodyChunkLength</var></dfn>, an optional algorithm <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="process-request-end-of-body"><var>processRequestEndOfBody</var></dfn>, an optional algorithm <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-processearlyhintsresponse"><var>processEarlyHintsResponse</var></dfn>, an optional algorithm <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="process-response"><var>processResponse</var></dfn>, an optional algorithm <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-processresponseendofbody"><var>processResponseEndOfBody</var></dfn>, an optional algorithm <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="process-response-end-of-body"><var>processResponseConsumeBody</var></dfn>, and an optional boolean <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="fetch-useparallelqueue"><var>useParallelQueue</var></dfn> (default false), run the steps below. If given, <var>processRequestBodyChunkLength</var> must be an algorithm accepting an integer representing the number of bytes transmitted. If given, <var>processRequestEndOfBody</var> must be an algorithm accepting no arguments. If given, <var>processEarlyHintsResponse</var> must be an algorithm accepting a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④③">response</a>. If given, <var>processResponse</var> must be an algorithm accepting a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④④">response</a>. If given, <var>processResponseEndOfBody</var> must be an algorithm accepting a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④⑤">response</a>. If given, <var>processResponseConsumeBody</var> must be an algorithm accepting a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④⑥">response</a> and null, failure, or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①⑤">byte sequence</a>. The user agent may be asked to <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-fetch-suspend">suspend</dfn> the ongoing fetch. The user agent may either accept or ignore the suspension request. The suspended fetch can be <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="fetch" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-fetch-resume">resumed</dfn>. The user agent should ignore the suspension request if the ongoing fetch is updating the response in the HTTP cache for the request. The user agent does not update the entry in the HTTP cache for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪⑥">request</a> if request’s cache mode is "no-store" or a `<code>Cache-Control: no-store</code>` header appears in the response. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①⑦">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode⑧">mode</a> is "<code>navigate</code>" or <var>processEarlyHintsResponse</var> is null. Processing of early hints (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④⑦">responses</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status④">status</a> is 103) is only vetted for navigations. <li> Let <var>taskDestination</var> be null. <li> Let <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var> be false. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#populate-request-from-client" id="ref-for-populate-request-from-client">Populate request from client</a> given <var>request</var>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client⑥">client</a> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> Set <var>taskDestination</var> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client⑦">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global③">global object</a>. <li> Set <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client⑧">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-cross-origin-isolated-capability">cross-origin isolated capability</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>useParallelQueue</var> is true, then set <var>taskDestination</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#starting-a-new-parallel-queue" id="ref-for-starting-a-new-parallel-queue②">starting a new parallel queue</a>. <li> Let <var>timingInfo</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info④">fetch timing info</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-start-time②">start time</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time①">post-redirect start time</a> are the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time">coarsened shared current time</a> given <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-render-blocking" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-render-blocking">render-blocking</a> is set to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-render-blocking" id="ref-for-request-render-blocking">render-blocking</a>. <li> Let <var>fetchParams</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params③">fetch params</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request">request</a> is <var>request</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-params-timing-info">timing info</a> is <var>timingInfo</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-body">process request body chunk length</a> is <var>processRequestBodyChunkLength</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body">process request end-of-body</a> is <var>processRequestEndOfBody</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-early-hints-response" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-early-hints-response">process early hints response</a> is <var>processEarlyHintsResponse</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response">process response</a> is <var>processResponse</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response-consume-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response-consume-body">process response consume body</a> is <var>processResponseConsumeBody</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body">process response end-of-body</a> is <var>processResponseEndOfBody</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination">task destination</a> is <var>taskDestination</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability">cross-origin isolated capability</a> is <var>crossOriginIsolatedCapability</var>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④">body</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①⑥">byte sequence</a>, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body⑤">body</a> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body⑥">body</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-sequence-as-a-body" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-as-a-body">as a body</a>. <li> If all of the following conditions are true: <ul class="brief"> <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url②">URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme④">scheme</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme④">HTTP(S) scheme</a> <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode⑨">mode</a> is "<code>same-origin</code>", "<code>cors</code>", or "<code>no-cors</code>" <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window①">window</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object⑨">environment settings object</a> <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method④">method</a> is `<code>GET</code>` <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#unsafe-request-flag" id="ref-for-unsafe-request-flag①">unsafe-request flag</a> is not set or <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list⑤">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-is-empty" id="ref-for-list-is-empty②">is empty</a> </ul> then: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①⑧">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①①">origin</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin⑤">same origin</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client⑨">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-origin" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-origin">origin</a>. <li> Let <var>onPreloadedResponseAvailable</var> be an algorithm that runs the following step given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④⑧">response</a> <var>response</var>: set <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate" id="ref-for-fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate">preloaded response candidate</a> to <var>response</var>. <li> Let <var>foundPreloadedResource</var> be the result of invoking <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/links.html#consume-a-preloaded-resource" id="ref-for-consume-a-preloaded-resource">consume a preloaded resource</a> for <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window②">window</a>, given <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url③">URL</a>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①②">destination</a>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①⓪">mode</a>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode⑧">credentials mode</a>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-integrity-metadata">integrity metadata</a>, and <var>onPreloadedResponseAvailable</var>. <li> If <var>foundPreloadedResource</var> is true and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate" id="ref-for-fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate①">preloaded response candidate</a> is null, then set <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate" id="ref-for-fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate②">preloaded response candidate</a> to "<code>pending</code>". </ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list⑥">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains⑧">does not contain</a> `<code>Accept</code>`, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>value</var> be `<code>*/*</code>`. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator③">initiator</a> is "<code>prefetch</code>", then set <var>value</var> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#document-accept-header-value" id="ref-for-document-accept-header-value">document `<code>Accept</code>` header value</a>. <li> Otherwise, the user agent should set <var>value</var> to the first matching statement, if any, switching on <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①③">destination</a>: <dl class="switch"> <dt>"<code>document</code>" <dt>"<code>frame</code>" <dt>"<code>iframe</code>" <dd>the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#document-accept-header-value" id="ref-for-document-accept-header-value①">document `<code>Accept</code>` header value</a> <dt>"<code>image</code>" <dd>`<code>image/png,image/svg+xml,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5</code>` <dt>"<code>json</code>" <dd>`<code>application/json,*/*;q=0.5</code>` <dt>"<code>style</code>" <dd>`<code>text/css,*/*;q=0.1</code>` </dl> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append③">Append</a> (`<code>Accept</code>`, <var>value</var>) to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list⑦">header list</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list⑧">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains⑨">does not contain</a> `<code>Accept-Language</code>`, then user agents should <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append④">append</a> (`<code>Accept-Language</code>, an appropriate <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value⑧">header value</a>) to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list⑨">header list</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-internal-priority" id="ref-for-request-internal-priority">internal priority</a> is null, then use <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-priority" id="ref-for-request-priority">priority</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator④">initiator</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①④">destination</a>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-render-blocking" id="ref-for-request-render-blocking①">render-blocking</a> in an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①①">implementation-defined</a> manner to set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-internal-priority" id="ref-for-request-internal-priority①">internal priority</a> to an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①②">implementation-defined</a> object. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①③">implementation-defined</a> object could encompass stream weight and dependency for HTTP/2, priorities used in <cite>Extensible Prioritization Scheme for HTTP</cite> for transports where it applies (including HTTP/3), and equivalent information used to prioritize dispatch and processing of HTTP/1 fetches. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc9218" title="Extensible Prioritization Scheme for HTTP">[RFC9218]</a> <li> If <var>request</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#subresource-request" id="ref-for-subresource-request">subresource request</a>, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>record</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record⑤">fetch record</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record-request" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record-request①">request</a> is <var>request</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record-fetch②">controller</a> is <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller②">controller</a>. <li> Append <var>record</var> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①⓪">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-group" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-group②">fetch group</a> list of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record⑥">fetch records</a>. </ol> <li> Run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-main-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-main-fetch">main fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> Return <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller③">controller</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="populate request from client"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="populate-request-from-client">populate request from client</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪⑦">request</a> <var>request</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window③">window</a> is "<code>client</code>", then: set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window④">window</a> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①①">client</a> if <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①②">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global④">global object</a> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#window" id="ref-for-window①">Window</a></code> object; otherwise "<code>no-window</code>". <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①②">origin</a> is "<code>client</code>", then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①③">origin</a> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①③">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-origin" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-origin①">origin</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-request-policy-container①">policy container</a> is "<code>client</code>": <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①④">client</a> is non-null, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-request-policy-container②">policy container</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#clone-a-policy-container" id="ref-for-clone-a-policy-container">clone</a> of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①⑤">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-policy-container④">policy container</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> <li> Otherwise, set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-request-policy-container③">policy container</a> to a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container" id="ref-for-policy-container②">policy container</a>. </ol> </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.1" id="main-fetch">4.1. Main fetch<a class="self-link" href="#main-fetch"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="main fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-main-fetch">main fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params④">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var> and an optional boolean <var>recursive</var> (default false), run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①">request</a>. <li> Let <var>response</var> be null. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#local-urls-only-flag" id="ref-for-local-urls-only-flag">local-URLs-only flag</a> is set and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url⑦">current URL</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#is-local" id="ref-for-is-local">local</a>, then set <var>response</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑧">network error</a>. <li> Run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-csp/#report-for-request" id="ref-for-report-for-request">report Content Security Policy violations for <var>request</var></a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-upgrade-insecure-requests/#upgrade-request" id="ref-for-upgrade-request">Upgrade <var>request</var> to a potentially trustworthy URL, if appropriate</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-mixed-content/#upgrade-algorithm" id="ref-for-upgrade-algorithm">Upgrade a mixed content <var>request</var> to a potentially trustworthy URL, if appropriate</a>. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#block-bad-port" id="ref-for-block-bad-port">should <var>request</var> be blocked due to a bad port</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-mixed-content/#should-block-fetch" id="ref-for-should-block-fetch">should fetching <var>request</var> be blocked as mixed content</a>, or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-csp/#should-block-request" id="ref-for-should-block-request">should <var>request</var> be blocked by Content Security Policy</a> returns blocked, then set <var>response</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑨">network error</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy②">referrer policy</a> is the empty string, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy③">referrer policy</a> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-request-policy-container④">policy container</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#policy-container-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-policy-container-referrer-policy">referrer policy</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①">referrer</a> is not "<code>no-referrer</code>", then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer②">referrer</a> to the result of invoking <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#determine-requests-referrer" id="ref-for-determine-requests-referrer">determine <var>request</var>’s referrer</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-referrer" title="Referrer Policy">[REFERRER]</a> As stated in <cite>Referrer Policy</cite>, user agents can provide the end user with options to override <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer③">referrer</a> to "<code>no-referrer</code>" or have it expose less sensitive information. <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url⑧">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme⑤">scheme</a> to "<code>https</code>" if all of the following conditions are true: <ul class="brief"> <li><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url⑨">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme⑥">scheme</a> is "<code>http</code>" <li><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①⓪">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-host" id="ref-for-concept-url-host">host</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-domain" id="ref-for-concept-domain">domain</a> <li><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①①">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-host" id="ref-for-concept-url-host①">host</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#host-public-suffix" id="ref-for-host-public-suffix①">public suffix</a> is not "<code>localhost</code>" or "<code>localhost.</code>" <li>Matching <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①②">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-host" id="ref-for-concept-url-host②">host</a> per <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6797.html#section-8.2">Known HSTS Host Domain Name Matching</a> results in either a superdomain match with an asserted <code>includeSubDomains</code> directive or a congruent match (with or without an asserted <code>includeSubDomains</code> directive) <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-hsts" title="HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)">[HSTS]</a>; or DNS resolution for the request finds a matching HTTPS RR per <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-dnsop-svcb-https#section-9.5">section 9.5</a> of <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-svcb" title="Service binding and parameter specification via the DNS (DNS SVCB and HTTPS RRs)">[SVCB]</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-hsts" title="HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)">[HSTS]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-svcb" title="Service binding and parameter specification via the DNS (DNS SVCB and HTTPS RRs)">[SVCB]</a> </ul> As all DNS operations are generally <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①④">implementation-defined</a>, how it is determined that DNS resolution contains an HTTPS RR is also <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①⑤">implementation-defined</a>. As DNS operations are not traditionally performed until attempting to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-obtain" id="ref-for-concept-connection-obtain">obtain a connection</a>, user agents might need to perform DNS operations earlier, consult local DNS caches, or wait until later in the fetch algorithm and potentially unwind logic on discovering the need to change <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①③">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme⑦">scheme</a>. <li> If <var>recursive</var> is false, then run the remaining steps <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel①">in parallel</a>. <li> If <var>response</var> is null, then set <var>response</var> to the result of running the steps corresponding to the first matching statement: <dl class="switch"> <dt><var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate" id="ref-for-fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate③">preloaded response candidate</a> is non-null <dd> <ol> <li> Wait until <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate" id="ref-for-fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate④">preloaded response candidate</a> is not "<code>pending</code>". <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert①⑨">Assert</a>: <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate" id="ref-for-fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate⑤">preloaded response candidate</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response④⑨">response</a>. <li> Return <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate" id="ref-for-fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate⑥">preloaded response candidate</a>. </ol> <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①④">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①⑤">origin</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin⑥">same origin</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①④">origin</a>, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting④">response tainting</a> is "<code>basic</code>" <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①⑤">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme⑧">scheme</a> is "<code>data</code>" <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①①">mode</a> is "<code>navigate</code>" or "<code>websocket</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting⑤">response tainting</a> to "<code>basic</code>". <li> Return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-scheme-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-scheme-fetch">scheme fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>. </ol> HTML assigns any documents and workers created from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①⑤">URLs</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme⑨">scheme</a> is "<code>data</code>" a unique <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin-opaque" id="ref-for-concept-origin-opaque">opaque origin</a>. Service workers can only be created from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①⑥">URLs</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①⓪">scheme</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme⑤">HTTP(S) scheme</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-sw" title="Service Workers">[SW]</a> <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①②">mode</a> is "<code>same-origin</code>" <dd> Return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①⓪">network error</a>. <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①③">mode</a> is "<code>no-cors</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode①">redirect mode</a> is not "<code>follow</code>", then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①①">network error</a>. <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting⑥">response tainting</a> to "<code>opaque</code>". <li> Return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-scheme-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-scheme-fetch①">scheme fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>. </ol> <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①⑥">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①①">scheme</a> is not an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme⑥">HTTP(S) scheme</a> <dd> Return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①②">network error</a>. <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#use-cors-preflight-flag" id="ref-for-use-cors-preflight-flag②">use-CORS-preflight flag</a> is set <dt><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#unsafe-request-flag" id="ref-for-unsafe-request-flag②">unsafe-request flag</a> is set and either <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method⑤">method</a> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-method" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-method①">CORS-safelisted method</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-names" id="ref-for-cors-unsafe-request-header-names">CORS-unsafe request-header names</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①⓪">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-is-empty" id="ref-for-list-is-empty③">is not empty</a> <dd> <ol> <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting⑦">response tainting</a> to "<code>cors</code>". <li> Let <var>corsWithPreflightResponse</var> be the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-fetch③">HTTP fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and true. <li> If <var>corsWithPreflightResponse</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①③">network error</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-clear" id="ref-for-concept-cache-clear">clear cache entries</a> using <var>request</var>. <li> Return <var>corsWithPreflightResponse</var>. </ol> <dt>Otherwise <dd> <ol> <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting⑧">response tainting</a> to "<code>cors</code>". <li> Return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-fetch④">HTTP fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>. </ol> </dl> <li> If <var>recursive</var> is true, then return <var>response</var>. <li> If <var>response</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①④">network error</a> and <var>response</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response①①">filtered response</a>, then: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting⑨">response tainting</a> is "<code>cors</code>", then: <ol> <li> Let <var>headerNames</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-list-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-list-values①">extracting header list values</a> given `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-expose-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-expose-headers⑤"><code>Access-Control-Expose-Headers</code></a>` and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①②">header list</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode⑨">credentials mode</a> is not "<code>include</code>" and <var>headerNames</var> contains `<code>*</code>`, then set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list②">CORS-exposed header-name list</a> to all unique <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④⑧">header</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①⑧">names</a> in <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①③">header list</a>. <li> Otherwise, if <var>headerNames</var> is non-null or failure, then set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list③">CORS-exposed header-name list</a> to <var>headerNames</var>. One of the <var>headerNames</var> can still be `<code>*</code>` at this point, but will only match a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header④⑨">header</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name①⑨">name</a> is `<code>*</code>`. </ol> <li> Set <var>response</var> to the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response①②">filtered response</a> with <var>response</var> as its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①⓪">internal response</a>, depending on <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①⓪">response tainting</a>: <dl class="switch compact"> <dt>"<code>basic</code>" <dd><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-basic" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-basic">basic filtered response</a> <dt>"<code>cors</code>" <dd><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-cors" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-cors①">CORS filtered response</a> <dt>"<code>opaque</code>" <dd><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque⑤">opaque filtered response</a> </dl> </ol> <li> Let <var>internalResponse</var> be <var>response</var>, if <var>response</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①⑤">network error</a>; otherwise <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①①">internal response</a>. <li> If <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list⑦">URL list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-is-empty" id="ref-for-list-is-empty④">is empty</a>, then set it to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-clone" id="ref-for-list-clone">clone</a> of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list④">URL list</a>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤⓪">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list⑧">URL list</a> can be empty, e.g., when fetching an <code>about:</code> URL. <li> If <var>request</var> has a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-tainted-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-tainted-origin②">redirect-tainted origin</a>, then set <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-has-cross-origin-redirects" id="ref-for-response-has-cross-origin-redirects">has-cross-origin-redirects</a> to true. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#timing-allow-failed" id="ref-for-timing-allow-failed②">timing allow failed flag</a> is unset, then set <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-timing-allow-passed" id="ref-for-concept-response-timing-allow-passed">timing allow passed flag</a>. <li> If <var>response</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①⑥">network error</a> and any of the following returns blocked <ul class="brief"> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-mixed-content/#should-block-response" id="ref-for-should-block-response">should <var>internalResponse</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked as mixed content</a> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-csp/#should-block-response" id="ref-for-should-block-response①">should <var>internalResponse</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked by Content Security Policy</a> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-mime-type?" id="ref-for-should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-mime-type?①">should <var>internalResponse</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked due to its MIME type</a> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-nosniff?" id="ref-for-should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-nosniff?①">should <var>internalResponse</var> to <var>request</var> be blocked due to nosniff</a> </ul> then set <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①⑦">network error</a>. <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type⑥">type</a> is "<code>opaque</code>", <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status⑤">status</a> is 206, <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-range-requested-flag" id="ref-for-concept-response-range-requested-flag">range-requested flag</a> is set, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①①">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①⓪">does not contain</a> `<code>Range</code>`, then set <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①⑧">network error</a>. <div class="note" role="note"> Traditionally, APIs accept a ranged response even if a range was not requested. This prevents a partial response from an earlier ranged request being provided to an API that did not make a range request. <details> <summary>Further details</summary> The above steps prevent the following attack: A media element is used to request a range of a cross-origin HTML resource. Although this is invalid media, a reference to a clone of the response can be retained in a service worker. This can later be used as the response to a script element’s fetch. If the partial response is valid JavaScript (even though the whole resource is not), executing it would leak private data. </details> </div> <li> If <var>response</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error①⑨">network error</a> and either <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method⑥">method</a> is `<code>HEAD</code>` or `<code>CONNECT</code>`, or <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status⑥">status</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#null-body-status" id="ref-for-null-body-status">null body status</a>, set <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body⑨">body</a> to null and disregard any enqueuing toward it (if any). This standardizes the error handling for servers that violate HTTP. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-integrity-metadata①">integrity metadata</a> is not the empty string, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>processBodyError</var> be this step: run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-finale" id="ref-for-fetch-finale">fetch response handover</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②⓪">network error</a>. <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①⓪">body</a> is null, then run <var>processBodyError</var> and abort these steps. <li> Let <var>processBody</var> given <var>bytes</var> be these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>bytes</var> do not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-subresource-integrity/#does-response-match-metadatalist" id="ref-for-does-response-match-metadatalist">match</a> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-integrity-metadata②">integrity metadata</a>, then run <var>processBodyError</var> and abort these steps. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-sri" title="Subresource Integrity">[SRI]</a> <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①①">body</a> to <var>bytes</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-sequence-as-a-body" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-as-a-body①">as a body</a>. <li> Run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-finale" id="ref-for-fetch-finale①">fetch response handover</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and <var>response</var>. </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-fully-read" id="ref-for-body-fully-read">Fully read</a> <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①②">body</a> given <var>processBody</var> and <var>processBodyError</var>. </ol> <li> Otherwise, run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-finale" id="ref-for-fetch-finale②">fetch response handover</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and <var>response</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="fetch response handover"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="fetch-finale">fetch response handover</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params⑤">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var> and a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤①">response</a> <var>response</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>timingInfo</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-params-timing-info①">timing info</a>. <li> If <var>response</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②①">network error</a> and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①⑥">client</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#secure-context" id="ref-for-secure-context">secure context</a>, then set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-server-timing-headers" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-server-timing-headers">server-timing headers</a> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-decode-split⑤">getting, decoding, and splitting</a> `<code>Server-Timing</code>` from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①②">internal response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①④">header list</a>. Using _response_’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①③">internal response</a> is safe as exposing `<code>Server-Timing</code>` header data is guarded through the `<code>Timing-Allow-Origin</code>` header. The user agent may decide to expose `<code>Server-Timing</code>` headers to non-secure contexts requests as well. <li> Let <var>processResponseEndOfBody</var> be the following steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>unsafeEndTime</var> be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-unsafe-shared-current-time⑤">unsafe shared current time</a>. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①⑤">destination</a> is "<code>document</code>", then set <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller④">controller</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-full-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-full-timing-info②">full timing info</a> to <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-params-timing-info②">timing info</a>. <li> Set <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller⑤">controller</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-report-timing-steps" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-report-timing-steps②">report timing steps</a> to the following steps given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#global-object" id="ref-for-global-object⑦">global object</a> <var>global</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request④">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url④">URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①②">scheme</a> is not an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme⑦">HTTP(S) scheme</a>, then return. <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-end-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-end-time">end time</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-relative-high-resolution-time" id="ref-for-dfn-relative-high-resolution-time">relative high resolution time</a> given <var>unsafeEndTime</var> and <var>global</var>. <li> Let <var>cacheState</var> be <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cache-state" id="ref-for-concept-response-cache-state">cache state</a>. <li> Let <var>bodyInfo</var> be <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body-info" id="ref-for-concept-response-body-info③">body info</a>. <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-timing-allow-passed" id="ref-for-concept-response-timing-allow-passed①">timing allow passed flag</a> is not set, then set <var>timingInfo</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#create-an-opaque-timing-info" id="ref-for-create-an-opaque-timing-info">creating an opaque timing info</a> for <var>timingInfo</var> and set <var>cacheState</var> to the empty string. This covers the case of <var>response</var> being a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②②">network error</a>. <li> Let <var>responseStatus</var> be 0. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request⑤">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①④">mode</a> is not "<code>navigate</code>" or <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-has-cross-origin-redirects" id="ref-for-response-has-cross-origin-redirects①">has-cross-origin-redirects</a> is false: <ol> <li> Set <var>responseStatus</var> to <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status⑦">status</a>. <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type⑦">extracting a MIME type</a> from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①⑤">header list</a>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var> is not failure, then set <var>bodyInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-body-info-content-type" id="ref-for-response-body-info-content-type">content type</a> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#minimize-a-supported-mime-type" id="ref-for-minimize-a-supported-mime-type">minimizing a supported MIME type</a> given <var>mimeType</var>. </ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request⑥">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-initiator-type" id="ref-for-request-initiator-type">initiator type</a> is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/resource-timing/#dfn-mark-resource-timing" id="ref-for-dfn-mark-resource-timing">mark resource timing</a> given <var>timingInfo</var>, <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request⑦">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url⑤">URL</a>, <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-initiator-type" id="ref-for-request-initiator-type①">initiator type</a>, <var>global</var>, <var>cacheState</var>, <var>bodyInfo</var>, and <var>responseStatus</var>. </ol> <li> Let <var>processResponseEndOfBodyTask</var> be the following steps: <ol> <li> Set <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request⑨">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#done-flag" id="ref-for-done-flag②">done flag</a>. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body①">process response end-of-body</a> is non-null, then run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body②">process response end-of-body</a> given <var>response</var>. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-initiator-type" id="ref-for-request-initiator-type②">initiator type</a> is non-null and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①①">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①⑦">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global⑤">global object</a> is <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination①">task destination</a>, then run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller⑥">controller</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-report-timing-steps" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-report-timing-steps③">report timing steps</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①⑧">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global⑥">global object</a>. </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task⑤">Queue a fetch task</a> to run <var>processResponseEndOfBodyTask</var> with <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination②">task destination</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response①">process response</a> is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task⑥">queue a fetch task</a> to run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response②">process response</a> given <var>response</var>, with <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination③">task destination</a>. <li> Let <var>internalResponse</var> be <var>response</var>, if <var>response</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②③">network error</a>; otherwise <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①④">internal response</a>. <li> If <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①③">body</a> is null, then run <var>processResponseEndOfBody</var>. <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> Let <var>transformStream</var> be a new <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream" id="ref-for-transformstream">TransformStream</a></code>. <li> Let <var>identityTransformAlgorithm</var> be an algorithm which, given <var>chunk</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream-enqueue" id="ref-for-transformstream-enqueue">enqueues</a> <var>chunk</var> in <var>transformStream</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream-set-up" id="ref-for-transformstream-set-up">Set up</a> <var>transformStream</var> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream-set-up-transformalgorithm" id="ref-for-transformstream-set-up-transformalgorithm">transformAlgorithm</a> set to <var>identityTransformAlgorithm</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream-set-up-flushalgorithm" id="ref-for-transformstream-set-up-flushalgorithm">flushAlgorithm</a> set to <var>processResponseEndOfBody</var>. <li> Set <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①④">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream⑤">stream</a> to the result of <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①⑤">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream⑥">stream</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-pipe-through" id="ref-for-readablestream-pipe-through">piped through</a> <var>transformStream</var>. </ol> This <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream" id="ref-for-transformstream①">TransformStream</a></code> is needed for the purpose of receiving a notification when the stream reaches its end, and is otherwise an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#identity-transform-stream" id="ref-for-identity-transform-stream">identity transform stream</a>. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response-consume-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response-consume-body①">process response consume body</a> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>processBody</var> given <var>nullOrBytes</var> be this step: run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response-consume-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response-consume-body②">process response consume body</a> given <var>response</var> and <var>nullOrBytes</var>. <li> Let <var>processBodyError</var> be this step: run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-response-consume-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-response-consume-body③">process response consume body</a> given <var>response</var> and failure. <li> If <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①⑥">body</a> is null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task⑦">queue a fetch task</a> to run <var>processBody</var> given null, with <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination④">task destination</a>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-fully-read" id="ref-for-body-fully-read①">fully read</a> <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①⑦">body</a> given <var>processBody</var>, <var>processBodyError</var>, and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination⑤">task destination</a>. </ol> </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.2" id="scheme-fetch">4.2. Scheme fetch<a class="self-link" href="#scheme-fetch"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="scheme fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-scheme-fetch">scheme fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params⑥">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled①">canceled</a>, then return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#appropriate-network-error" id="ref-for-appropriate-network-error">appropriate network error</a> for <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> Let <var>request</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①③">request</a>. <li> Switch on <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①⑦">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①③">scheme</a> and run the associated steps: <dl class="switch"> <dt>"<code>about</code>" <dd> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①⑧">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-path" id="ref-for-concept-url-path①">path</a> is the string "<code>blank</code>", then return a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤②">response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message③">status message</a> is `<code>OK</code>`, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①⑥">header list</a> is « (`<code>Content-Type</code>`, `<code>text/html;charset=utf-8</code>`) », and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①⑧">body</a> is the empty byte sequence <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-sequence-as-a-body" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-as-a-body②">as a body</a>. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①⑦">URLs</a> such as "<code>about:config</code>" are handled during <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#navigate" id="ref-for-navigate">navigation</a> and result in a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②④">network error</a> in the context of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②④">fetching</a>. <dt>"<code>blob</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> Let <var>blobURLEntry</var> be <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url①⑨">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-blob-entry" id="ref-for-concept-url-blob-entry">blob URL entry</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method⑦">method</a> is not `<code>GET</code>` or <var>blobURLEntry</var> is null, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②⑤">network error</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-fileapi" title="File API">[FILEAPI]</a> The `<code>GET</code>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method①⓪">method</a> restriction serves no useful purpose other than being interoperable. <li> Let <var>requestEnvironment</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-determine-the-environment" id="ref-for-request-determine-the-environment">determining the environment</a> given <var>request</var>. <li> Let <var>isTopLevelNavigation</var> be true if <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①⑥">destination</a> is "<code>document</code>"; otherwise, false. <li> If <var>isTopLevelNavigation</var> is false and <var>requestEnvironment</var> is null, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②⑥">network error</a>. <li> Let <var>navigationOrEnvironment</var> be the string "<code>navigation</code>" if <var>isTopLevelNavigation</var> is true; otherwise, <var>requestEnvironment</var>. <li> Let <var>blob</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#blob-url-obtain-object" id="ref-for-blob-url-obtain-object">obtaining a blob object</a> given <var>blobURLEntry</var> and <var>navigationOrEnvironment</var>. <li> If <var>blob</var> is not a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob①">Blob</a></code> object, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②⑦">network error</a>. <li> Let <var>response</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤③">response</a>. <li> Let <var>fullLength</var> be <var>blob</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-size" id="ref-for-dfn-size">size</a></code>. <li> Let <var>serializedFullLength</var> be <var>fullLength</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer⑤">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode⑦">isomorphic encoded</a>. <li> Let <var>type</var> be <var>blob</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-type" id="ref-for-dfn-type">type</a></code>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①②">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①①">does not contain</a> `<code>Range</code>`: <ol> <li> Let <var>bodyWithType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bodyinit-safely-extract" id="ref-for-bodyinit-safely-extract②">safely extracting</a> <var>blob</var>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message④">status message</a> to `<code>OK</code>`. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body①⑨">body</a> to <var>bodyWithType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-body" id="ref-for-body-with-type-body①">body</a>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①⑦">header list</a> to « (`<code>Content-Length</code>`, <var>serializedFullLength</var>), (`<code>Content-Type</code>`, <var>type</var>) ». </ol> <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-range-requested-flag" id="ref-for-concept-response-range-requested-flag①">range-requested flag</a>. <li> Let <var>rangeHeader</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get④">getting</a> `<code>Range</code>` from <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①③">header list</a>. <li> Let <var>rangeValue</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#simple-range-header-value" id="ref-for-simple-range-header-value②">parsing a single range header value</a> given <var>rangeHeader</var> and true. <li> If <var>rangeValue</var> is failure, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②⑧">network error</a>. <li> Let (<var>rangeStart</var>, <var>rangeEnd</var>) be <var>rangeValue</var>. <li> If <var>rangeStart</var> is null: <ol> <li> Set <var>rangeStart</var> to <var>fullLength</var> − <var>rangeEnd</var>. <li> Set <var>rangeEnd</var> to <var>rangeStart</var> + <var>rangeEnd</var> − 1. </ol> <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> If <var>rangeStart</var> is greater than or equal to <var>fullLength</var>, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error②⑨">network error</a>. <li> If <var>rangeEnd</var> is null or <var>rangeEnd</var> is greater than or equal to <var>fullLength</var>, then set <var>rangeEnd</var> to <var>fullLength</var> − 1. </ol> <li> Let <var>slicedBlob</var> be the result of invoking <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#slice-blob" id="ref-for-slice-blob">slice blob</a> given <var>blob</var>, <var>rangeStart</var>, <var>rangeEnd</var> + 1, and <var>type</var>. A range header denotes an inclusive byte range, while the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#slice-blob" id="ref-for-slice-blob①">slice blob</a> algorithm input range does not. To use the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#slice-blob" id="ref-for-slice-blob②">slice blob</a> algorithm, we have to increment <var>rangeEnd</var>. <li> Let <var>slicedBodyWithType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bodyinit-safely-extract" id="ref-for-bodyinit-safely-extract③">safely extracting</a> <var>slicedBlob</var>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②⓪">body</a> to <var>slicedBodyWithType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-body" id="ref-for-body-with-type-body②">body</a>. <li> Let <var>serializedSlicedLength</var> be <var>slicedBlob</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-size" id="ref-for-dfn-size①">size</a></code>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer⑥">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode⑧">isomorphic encoded</a>. <li> Let <var>contentRange</var> be the result of invoking <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#build-a-content-range" id="ref-for-build-a-content-range">build a content range</a> given <var>rangeStart</var>, <var>rangeEnd</var>, and <var>fullLength</var>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status⑧">status</a> to 206. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message⑤">status message</a> to `<code>Partial Content</code>`. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①⑧">header list</a> to « (`<code>Content-Length</code>`, <var>serializedSlicedLength</var>), (`<code>Content-Type</code>`, <var>type</var>), (`<code>Content-Range</code>`, <var>contentRange</var>) ». </ol> <li> Return <var>response</var>. </ol> <dt>"<code>data</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> Let <var>dataURLStruct</var> be the result of running the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#data-url-processor" id="ref-for-data-url-processor"><code>data:</code> URL processor</a> on <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②⓪">current URL</a>. <li> If <var>dataURLStruct</var> is failure, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③⓪">network error</a>. <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be <var>dataURLStruct</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#data-url-struct-mime-type" id="ref-for-data-url-struct-mime-type">MIME type</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#serialize-a-mime-type-to-bytes" id="ref-for-serialize-a-mime-type-to-bytes">serialized</a>. <li> Return a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤④">response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message⑥">status message</a> is `<code>OK</code>`, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①⑨">header list</a> is « (`<code>Content-Type</code>`, <var>mimeType</var>) », and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②①">body</a> is <var>dataURLStruct</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#data-url-struct-body" id="ref-for-data-url-struct-body">body</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-sequence-as-a-body" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-as-a-body③">as a body</a>. </ol> <dt>"<code>file</code>" <dd> For now, unfortunate as it is, <code>file:</code> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①⑧">URLs</a> are left as an exercise for the reader. When in doubt, return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③①">network error</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme⑧">HTTP(S) scheme</a> <dd> Return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-fetch⑤">HTTP fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>. </dl> <li> Return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③②">network error</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="determine the environment" data-algorithm-for="request"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="request-determine-the-environment">determine the environment</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪⑧">request</a> <var>request</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reserved-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-reserved-client②">reserved client</a> is non-null, then return <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reserved-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-reserved-client③">reserved client</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client①⑨">client</a> is non-null, then return <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②⓪">client</a>. <li> Return null. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.3" id="http-fetch">4.3. HTTP fetch<a class="self-link" href="#http-fetch"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="HTTP fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-http-fetch">HTTP fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params⑦">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var> and an optional boolean <var>makeCORSPreflight</var> (default false), run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①④">request</a>. <li> Let <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> be null. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-service-workers-mode" id="ref-for-request-service-workers-mode">service-workers mode</a> is "<code>all</code>", then: <ol> <li> Let <var>requestForServiceWorker</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-clone" id="ref-for-concept-request-clone">clone</a> of <var>request</var>. <li> If <var>requestForServiceWorker</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body⑧">body</a> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>transformStream</var> be a new <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream" id="ref-for-transformstream②">TransformStream</a></code>. <li> Let <var>transformAlgorithm</var> given <var>chunk</var> be these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled②">canceled</a>, then abort these steps. <li> If <var>chunk</var> is not a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-Uint8Array" id="ref-for-idl-Uint8Array①">Uint8Array</a></code> object, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-terminate" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-terminate①">terminate</a> <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller⑦">controller</a>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-enqueue" id="ref-for-readablestream-enqueue">enqueue</a> <var>chunk</var> in <var>transformStream</var>. The user agent may split the chunk into <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①⑥">implementation-defined</a> practical sizes and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-enqueue" id="ref-for-readablestream-enqueue①">enqueue</a> each of them. The user agent also may concatenate the chunks into an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①⑦">implementation-defined</a> practical size and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-enqueue" id="ref-for-readablestream-enqueue②">enqueue</a> it. </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream-set-up" id="ref-for-transformstream-set-up①">Set up</a> <var>transformStream</var> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#transformstream-set-up-transformalgorithm" id="ref-for-transformstream-set-up-transformalgorithm①">transformAlgorithm</a> set to <var>transformAlgorithm</var>. <li> Set <var>requestForServiceWorker</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body⑨">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream⑦">stream</a> to the result of <var>requestForServiceWorker</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body①⓪">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream⑧">stream</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-pipe-through" id="ref-for-readablestream-pipe-through①">piped through</a> <var>transformStream</var>. </ol> <li> Let <var>serviceWorkerStartTime</var> be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time①">coarsened shared current time</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability①">cross-origin isolated capability</a>. <li> Set <var>response</var> to the result of invoking <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#handle-fetch" id="ref-for-handle-fetch①">handle fetch</a> for <var>requestForServiceWorker</var>, with <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller⑧">controller</a> and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability②">cross-origin isolated capability</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-sw" title="Service Workers">[SW]</a> <li> If <var>response</var> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> Set <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-params-timing-info③">timing info</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-final-service-worker-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-final-service-worker-start-time">final service worker start time</a> to <var>serviceWorkerStartTime</var>. <li>If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body⑦">body</a> is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-cancel" id="ref-for-readablestream-cancel">cancel</a> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body⑧">body</a> with undefined. <li> Set <var>internalResponse</var> to <var>response</var>, if <var>response</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response①③">filtered response</a>; otherwise to <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①⑤">internal response</a>. <li> If one of the following is true <ul class="brief"> <li> <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type⑦">type</a> is "<code>error</code>" <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①⑤">mode</a> is "<code>same-origin</code>" and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type⑧">type</a> is "<code>cors</code>" <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①⑥">mode</a> is not "<code>no-cors</code>" and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type⑨">type</a> is "<code>opaque</code>" <li><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode②">redirect mode</a> is not "<code>manual</code>" and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type①⓪">type</a> is "<code>opaqueredirect</code>" <li><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode③">redirect mode</a> is not "<code>follow</code>" and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list⑨">URL list</a> has more than one item. </ul> then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③③">network error</a>. </ol> </ol> <li> If <var>response</var> is null, then: <ol> <li> If <var>makeCORSPreflight</var> is true and one of these conditions is true: <ul class="brief"> <li> There is no <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match-method" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match-method">method cache entry match</a> for <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method⑧">method</a> using <var>request</var>, and either <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method⑨">method</a> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-method" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-method②">CORS-safelisted method</a> or <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#use-cors-preflight-flag" id="ref-for-use-cors-preflight-flag③">use-CORS-preflight flag</a> is set. <li>There is at least one <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-item" id="ref-for-list-item①">item</a> in the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-names" id="ref-for-cors-unsafe-request-header-names①">CORS-unsafe request-header names</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①④">header list</a> for which there is no <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match-header" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match-header">header-name cache entry match</a> using <var>request</var>. </ul> Then: <ol> <li> Let <var>preflightResponse</var> be the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0①">CORS-preflight fetch</a> given <var>request</var>. <li> If <var>preflightResponse</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③④">network error</a>, then return <var>preflightResponse</var>. </ol> This step checks the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache">CORS-preflight cache</a> and if there is no suitable entry it performs a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0②">CORS-preflight fetch</a> which, if successful, populates the cache. The purpose of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0③">CORS-preflight fetch</a> is to ensure the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②⑤">fetched</a> resource is familiar with the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①⑥">CORS protocol</a>. The cache is there to minimize the number of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0④">CORS-preflight fetches</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode④">redirect mode</a> is "<code>follow</code>", then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-service-workers-mode" id="ref-for-request-service-workers-mode①">service-workers mode</a> to "<code>none</code>". Redirects coming from the network (as opposed to from a service worker) are not to be exposed to a service worker. <li> Set <var>response</var> and <var>internalResponse</var> to the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①①">response tainting</a> is "<code>cors</code>" and a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cors-check" id="ref-for-concept-cors-check">CORS check</a> for <var>request</var> and <var>response</var> returns failure, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③⑤">network error</a>. As the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cors-check" id="ref-for-concept-cors-check①">CORS check</a> is not to be applied to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤⑤">responses</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status⑨">status</a> is 304 or 407, or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤⑥">responses</a> from a service worker for that matter, it is applied here. <li> If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-tao-check" id="ref-for-concept-tao-check">TAO check</a> for <var>request</var> and <var>response</var> returns failure, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#timing-allow-failed" id="ref-for-timing-allow-failed③">timing allow failed flag</a>. </ol> <li> If either <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①②">response tainting</a> or <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type①①">type</a> is "<code>opaque</code>", and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-check" id="ref-for-cross-origin-resource-policy-check">cross-origin resource policy check</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①⑤">origin</a>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②①">client</a>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①⑦">destination</a>, and <var>internalResponse</var> returns blocked, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③⑥">network error</a>. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-check" id="ref-for-cross-origin-resource-policy-check①">cross-origin resource policy check</a> runs for responses coming from the network and responses coming from the service worker. This is different from the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cors-check" id="ref-for-concept-cors-check②">CORS check</a>, as <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②②">client</a> and the service worker can have different embedder policies. <li> If <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①⓪">status</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#redirect-status" id="ref-for-redirect-status②">redirect status</a>: <ol> <li> If <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①①">status</a> is not 303, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body⑨">body</a> is non-null, and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection" id="ref-for-concept-connection①①">connection</a> uses HTTP/2, then user agents may, and are even encouraged to, transmit an <code>RST_STREAM</code> frame. 303 is excluded as certain communities ascribe special status to it. <li> Switch on <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode⑤">redirect mode</a>: <dl class="switch"> <dt>"<code>error</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> Set <var>response</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③⑦">network error</a>. </ol> <dt>"<code>manual</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①⑦">mode</a> is "<code>navigate</code>", then set <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller⑨">controller</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps②">next manual redirect steps</a> to run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-redirect-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-redirect-fetch">HTTP-redirect fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and <var>response</var>. <li> Otherwise, set <var>response</var> to an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect④">opaque-redirect filtered response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①⑥">internal response</a> is <var>internalResponse</var>. </ol> <dt>"<code>follow</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> Set <var>response</var> to the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-redirect-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-redirect-fetch①">HTTP-redirect fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and <var>response</var>. </ol> </dl> </ol> <li> Return <var>response</var>. Typically <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②②">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream⑨">stream</a> is still being enqueued to after returning. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.4" id="http-redirect-fetch">4.4. HTTP-redirect fetch<a class="self-link" href="#http-redirect-fetch"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="HTTP-redirect fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-http-redirect-fetch">HTTP-redirect fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params⑧">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var> and a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤⑦">response</a> <var>response</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①⑤">request</a>. <li> Let <var>internalResponse</var> be <var>response</var>, if <var>response</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-filtered-response" id="ref-for-concept-filtered-response①④">filtered response</a>; otherwise <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①⑦">internal response</a>. <li> Let <var>locationURL</var> be <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-location-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-location-url①">location URL</a> given <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②①">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-fragment" id="ref-for-concept-url-fragment②">fragment</a>. <li> If <var>locationURL</var> is null, then return <var>response</var>. <li> If <var>locationURL</var> is failure, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③⑧">network error</a>. <li> If <var>locationURL</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①④">scheme</a> is not an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-scheme" id="ref-for-http-scheme⑨">HTTP(S) scheme</a>, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error③⑨">network error</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-count" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-count①">redirect count</a> is 20, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④⓪">network error</a>. <li> Increase <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-count" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-count②">redirect count</a> by 1. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①⑧">mode</a> is "<code>cors</code>", <var>locationURL</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#include-credentials" id="ref-for-include-credentials">includes credentials</a>, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①⑥">origin</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin⑦">same origin</a> with <var>locationURL</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①⑥">origin</a>, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④①">network error</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①③">response tainting</a> is "<code>cors</code>" and <var>locationURL</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#include-credentials" id="ref-for-include-credentials①">includes credentials</a>, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④②">network error</a>. This catches a cross-origin resource redirecting to a same-origin URL. <li> If <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①②">status</a> is not 303, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①⓪">body</a> is non-null, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①①">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source①">source</a> is null, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④③">network error</a>. <li> If one of the following is true <ul class="brief"> <li> <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①③">status</a> is 301 or 302 and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①⓪">method</a> is `<code>POST</code>` <li> <var>internalResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①④">status</a> is 303 and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①①">method</a> is not `<code>GET</code>` or `<code>HEAD</code>` </ul> then: <ol> <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①②">method</a> to `<code>GET</code>` and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①②">body</a> to null. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①⓪">For each</a> <var>headerName</var> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-body-header-name" id="ref-for-request-body-header-name">request-body-header name</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-delete" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-delete">delete</a> <var>headerName</var> from <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①⑤">header list</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②②">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①⑦">origin</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin⑧">same origin</a> with <var>locationURL</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①⑧">origin</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①①">for each</a> <var>headerName</var> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name" id="ref-for-cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name">CORS non-wildcard request-header name</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-delete" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-delete①">delete</a> <var>headerName</var> from <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①⑥">header list</a>. I.e., the moment another origin is seen after the initial request, the `<code>Authorization</code>` header is removed. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①③">body</a> is non-null, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①④">body</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-body" id="ref-for-body-with-type-body③">body</a> of the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bodyinit-safely-extract" id="ref-for-bodyinit-safely-extract④">safely extracting</a> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①⑤">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source②">source</a>. <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①⑥">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source③">source</a>’s nullity has already been checked. <li> Let <var>timingInfo</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-params-timing-info④">timing info</a>. <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-redirect-end-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-redirect-end-time">redirect end time</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time②">post-redirect start time</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time②">coarsened shared current time</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability③">cross-origin isolated capability</a>. <li> If <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-redirect-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-redirect-start-time">redirect start time</a> is 0, then set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-redirect-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-redirect-start-time①">redirect start time</a> to <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-start-time③">start time</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append⑨">Append</a> <var>locationURL</var> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list⑤">URL list</a>. <li> Invoke <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#set-requests-referrer-policy-on-redirect" id="ref-for-set-requests-referrer-policy-on-redirect">set <var>request</var>’s referrer policy on redirect</a> on <var>request</var> and <var>internalResponse</var>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-referrer" title="Referrer Policy">[REFERRER]</a> <li> Let <var>recursive</var> be true. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode⑥">redirect mode</a> is "<code>manual</code>", then: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②⓪">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode①⑨">mode</a> is "<code>navigate</code>". <li> Set <var>recursive</var> to false. </ol> <li> Return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-main-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-main-fetch①">main fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and <var>recursive</var>. This has to invoke <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-main-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-main-fetch②">main fetch</a> to get <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①④">response tainting</a> correct. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.5" id="http-network-or-cache-fetch">4.5. HTTP-network-or-cache fetch<a class="self-link" href="#http-network-or-cache-fetch"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="HTTP-network-or-cache fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params⑨">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var>, an optional boolean <var>isAuthenticationFetch</var> (default false), and an optional boolean <var>isNewConnectionFetch</var> (default false), run these steps: Some implementations might support caching of partial content, as per <cite>HTTP Caching</cite>. However, this is not widely supported by browser caches. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①⑥">request</a>. <li> Let <var>httpFetchParams</var> be null. <li> Let <var>httpRequest</var> be null. <li> Let <var>response</var> be null. <li> Let <var>storedResponse</var> be null. <li> Let <var>httpCache</var> be null. <li> Let the <var>revalidatingFlag</var> be unset. <li> Run these steps, but <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#abort-when" id="ref-for-abort-when">abort when</a> <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled③">canceled</a>: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window⑤">window</a> is "<code>no-window</code>" and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode⑦">redirect mode</a> is "<code>error</code>", then set <var>httpFetchParams</var> to <var>fetchParams</var> and <var>httpRequest</var> to <var>request</var>. <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> Set <var>httpRequest</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-clone" id="ref-for-concept-request-clone①">clone</a> of <var>request</var>. Implementations are encouraged to avoid teeing <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①⑦">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①⓪">stream</a> when <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①⑧">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source④">source</a> is null as only a single body is needed in that case. E.g., when <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body①⑨">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source⑤">source</a> is null, redirects and authentication will end up failing the fetch. <li> Set <var>httpFetchParams</var> to a copy of <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> Set <var>httpFetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①⑦">request</a> to <var>httpRequest</var>. </ol> <li> Let <var>includeCredentials</var> be true if one of <ul class="brief"> <li><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①⓪">credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>" <li><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①①">credentials mode</a> is "<code>same-origin</code>" and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①⑤">response tainting</a> is "<code>basic</code>" </ul> is true; otherwise false. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cross-origin-embedder-policy-allows-credentials" id="ref-for-cross-origin-embedder-policy-allows-credentials">Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy allows credentials</a> with <var>request</var> returns false, then set <var>includeCredentials</var> to false. <li> Let <var>contentLength</var> be <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②⓪">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-total-bytes" id="ref-for-concept-body-total-bytes①">length</a>, if <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②①">body</a> is non-null; otherwise null. <li> Let <var>contentLengthHeaderValue</var> be null. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②②">body</a> is null and <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①③">method</a> is `<code>POST</code>` or `<code>PUT</code>`, then set <var>contentLengthHeaderValue</var> to `<code>0</code>`. <li> If <var>contentLength</var> is non-null, then set <var>contentLengthHeaderValue</var> to <var>contentLength</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serialize-an-integer" id="ref-for-serialize-an-integer⑦">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode⑨">isomorphic encoded</a>. <li> If <var>contentLengthHeaderValue</var> is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append⑤">append</a> (`<code>Content-Length</code>`, <var>contentLengthHeaderValue</var>) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①⑦">header list</a>. <li> If <var>contentLength</var> is non-null and <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag①">keepalive</a> is true, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>inflightKeepaliveBytes</var> be 0. <li> Let <var>group</var> be <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②③">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-group" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-group③">fetch group</a>. <li> Let <var>inflightRecords</var> be the set of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record⑦">fetch records</a> in <var>group</var> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record-request" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record-request②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag②">keepalive</a> is true and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#done-flag" id="ref-for-done-flag③">done flag</a> is unset. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①②">For each</a> <var>fetchRecord</var> of <var>inflightRecords</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>inflightRequest</var> be <var>fetchRecord</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-record-request" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-record-request③">request</a>. <li> Increment <var>inflightKeepaliveBytes</var> by <var>inflightRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②③">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-total-bytes" id="ref-for-concept-body-total-bytes②">length</a>. </ol> <li> If the sum of <var>contentLength</var> and <var>inflightKeepaliveBytes</var> is greater than 64 kibibytes, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④④">network error</a>. </ol> The above limit ensures that requests that are allowed to outlive the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object①⓪">environment settings object</a> and contain a body, have a bounded size and are not allowed to stay alive indefinitely. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer④">referrer</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url①⑨">URL</a>, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>referrerValue</var> be <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer⑤">referrer</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-url-serializer①">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode①⓪">isomorphic encoded</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append⑥">Append</a> (`<code>Referer</code>`, <var>referrerValue</var>) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①⑧">header list</a>. </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#append-a-request-origin-header" id="ref-for-append-a-request-origin-header">Append a request `<code>Origin</code>` header</a> for <var>httpRequest</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="abstract-op" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-fetch-metadata/#abstract-opdef-append-the-fetch-metadata-headers-for-a-request" id="ref-for-abstract-opdef-append-the-fetch-metadata-headers-for-a-request">Append the Fetch metadata headers for <var>httpRequest</var></a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-fetch-metadata" title="Fetch Metadata Request Headers">[FETCH-METADATA]</a> <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator⑤">initiator</a> is "<code>prefetch</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-set-structured-header" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-set-structured-header">set a structured field value</a> given (`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-sec-purpose" id="ref-for-http-sec-purpose①"><code>Sec-Purpose</code></a>`, the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9651.html#token" id="ref-for-token②">token</a> <code>prefetch</code>) in <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list①⑨">header list</a>. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②⓪">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①②">does not contain</a> `<code>User-Agent</code>`, then user agents should <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append⑦">append</a> (`<code>User-Agent</code>`, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#default-user-agent-value" id="ref-for-default-user-agent-value">default `<code>User-Agent</code>` value</a>) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②①">header list</a>. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①">cache mode</a> is "<code>default</code>" and <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②②">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①③">contains</a> `<code>If-Modified-Since</code>`, `<code>If-None-Match</code>`, `<code>If-Unmodified-Since</code>`, `<code>If-Match</code>`, or `<code>If-Range</code>`, then set <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode②">cache mode</a> to "<code>no-store</code>". <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode③">cache mode</a> is "<code>no-cache</code>", <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#no-cache-prevent-cache-control" id="ref-for-no-cache-prevent-cache-control">prevent no-cache cache-control header modification flag</a> is unset, and <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②③">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①④">does not contain</a> `<code>Cache-Control</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append⑧">append</a> (`<code>Cache-Control</code>`, `<code>max-age=0</code>`) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②④">header list</a>. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode④">cache mode</a> is "<code>no-store</code>" or "<code>reload</code>", then: <ol> <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②⑤">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①⑤">does not contain</a> `<code>Pragma</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append⑨">append</a> (`<code>Pragma</code>`, `<code>no-cache</code>`) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②⑥">header list</a>. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②⑦">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①⑥">does not contain</a> `<code>Cache-Control</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①⓪">append</a> (`<code>Cache-Control</code>`, `<code>no-cache</code>`) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②⑧">header list</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list②⑨">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①⑦">contains</a> `<code>Range</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①①">append</a> (`<code>Accept-Encoding</code>`, `<code>identity</code>`) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③⓪">header list</a>. <div class="note" role="note"> This avoids a failure when <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#handle-content-codings" id="ref-for-handle-content-codings">handling content codings</a> with a part of an encoded <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤⑧">response</a>. Additionally, <a href="https://jakearchibald.github.io/accept-encoding-range-test/">many servers</a> mistakenly ignore `<code>Range</code>` headers if a non-identity encoding is accepted. </div> <li> Modify <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③①">header list</a> per HTTP. Do not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①②">append</a> a given <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤⓪">header</a> if <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③②">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①⑧">contains</a> that <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤①">header</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name②⓪">name</a>. It would be great if we could make this more normative somehow. At this point <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤②">headers</a> such as `<code>Accept-Encoding</code>`, `<code>Connection</code>`, `<code>DNT</code>`, and `<code>Host</code>`, are to be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①③">appended</a> if necessary. `<code>Accept</code>`, `<code>Accept-Charset</code>`, and `<code>Accept-Language</code>` must not be included at this point. `<code>Accept</code>` and `<code>Accept-Language</code>` are already included (unless <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch③"><code>fetch()</code></a> is used, which does not include the latter by default), and `<code>Accept-Charset</code>` is a waste of bytes. See <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#http-header-layer-division" id="ref-for-http-header-layer-division">HTTP header layer division</a> for more details. <li> If <var>includeCredentials</var> is true, then: <ol> <li> If the user agent is not configured to block cookies for <var>httpRequest</var> (see <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc6265.html#privacy-considerations">section 7</a> of <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-cookies" title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[COOKIES]</a>), then: <ol> <li> Let <var>cookies</var> be the result of running the "cookie-string" algorithm (see <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc6265.html#cookie">section 5.4</a> of <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-cookies" title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[COOKIES]</a>) with the user agent’s cookie store and <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②③">current URL</a>. <li>If <var>cookies</var> is not the empty string, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①④">append</a> (`<code>Cookie</code>`, <var>cookies</var>) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③③">header list</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③④">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains①⑨">does not contain</a> `<code>Authorization</code>`, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>authorizationValue</var> be null. <li> If there’s an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#authentication-entry" id="ref-for-authentication-entry③">authentication entry</a> for <var>httpRequest</var> and either <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-use-url-credentials-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-use-url-credentials-flag">use-URL-credentials flag</a> is unset or <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②④">current URL</a> does not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#include-credentials" id="ref-for-include-credentials②">include credentials</a>, then set <var>authorizationValue</var> to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#authentication-entry" id="ref-for-authentication-entry④">authentication entry</a>. <li> Otherwise, if <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②⑤">current URL</a> does <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#include-credentials" id="ref-for-include-credentials③">include credentials</a> and <var>isAuthenticationFetch</var> is true, set <var>authorizationValue</var> to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②⑥">current URL</a>, converted to an `<code>Authorization</code>` value. <li> If <var>authorizationValue</var> is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①⑤">append</a> (`<code>Authorization</code>`, <var>authorizationValue</var>) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③⑤">header list</a>. </ol> </ol> <li> If there’s a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#proxy-authentication-entry" id="ref-for-proxy-authentication-entry">proxy-authentication entry</a>, use it as appropriate. This intentionally does not depend on <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①②">credentials mode</a>. <li> Set <var>httpCache</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#determine-the-http-cache-partition" id="ref-for-determine-the-http-cache-partition">determining the HTTP cache partition</a>, given <var>httpRequest</var>. <li> If <var>httpCache</var> is null, then set <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode⑤">cache mode</a> to "<code>no-store</code>". <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode⑥">cache mode</a> is neither "<code>no-store</code>" nor "<code>reload</code>", then: <ol> <li> Set <var>storedResponse</var> to the result of selecting a response from the <var>httpCache</var>, possibly needing validation, as per the "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#constructing.responses.from.caches" id="ref-for-constructing.responses.from.caches">Constructing Responses from Caches</a>" chapter of <cite>HTTP Caching</cite>, if any. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> As mandated by HTTP, this still takes the `<code>Vary</code>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤③">header</a> into account. <li> If <var>storedResponse</var> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode⑦">cache mode</a> is "<code>default</code>", <var>storedResponse</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-stale-while-revalidate-response" id="ref-for-concept-stale-while-revalidate-response②">stale-while-revalidate response</a>, and <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②④">client</a> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> Set <var>response</var> to <var>storedResponse</var>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cache-state" id="ref-for-concept-response-cache-state①">cache state</a> to "<code>local</code>". <li> Let <var>revalidateRequest</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-clone" id="ref-for-concept-request-clone②">clone</a> of <var>request</var>. <li> Set <var>revalidateRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode⑧">cache mode</a> set to "<code>no-cache</code>". <li> Set <var>revalidateRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#no-cache-prevent-cache-control" id="ref-for-no-cache-prevent-cache-control①">prevent no-cache cache-control header modification flag</a>. <li> Set <var>revalidateRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-service-workers-mode" id="ref-for-request-service-workers-mode②">service-workers mode</a> set to "<code>none</code>". <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel②">In parallel</a>, run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-main-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-main-fetch③">main fetch</a> given a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params①⓪">fetch params</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①⑧">request</a> is <var>revalidateRequest</var>. This fetch is only meant to update the state of <var>httpCache</var> and the response will be unused until another cache access. The stale response will be used as the response to current request. This fetch is issued in the context of a client so if it goes away the request will be terminated. </ol> <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> If <var>storedResponse</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-stale-response" id="ref-for-concept-stale-response①">stale response</a>, then set the <var>revalidatingFlag</var>. <li> If the <var>revalidatingFlag</var> is set and <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode⑨">cache mode</a> is neither "<code>force-cache</code>" nor "<code>only-if-cached</code>", then: <ol> <li> If <var>storedResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②⓪">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②⓪">contains</a> `<code>ETag</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①⑥">append</a> (`<code>If-None-Match</code>`, `<code>ETag</code>`'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①⑧">value</a>) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③⑥">header list</a>. <li> If <var>storedResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②①">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②①">contains</a> `<code>Last-Modified</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①⑦">append</a> (`<code>If-Modified-Since</code>`, `<code>Last-Modified</code>`'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value①⑨">value</a>) to <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③⑦">header list</a>. </ol> See also the "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#validation.sent" id="ref-for-validation.sent">Sending a Validation Request</a>" chapter of <cite>HTTP Caching</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <li> Otherwise, set <var>response</var> to <var>storedResponse</var> and set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cache-state" id="ref-for-concept-response-cache-state②">cache state</a> to "<code>local</code>". </ol> </ol> </ol> </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#if-aborted" id="ref-for-if-aborted">If aborted</a>, then return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#appropriate-network-error" id="ref-for-appropriate-network-error①">appropriate network error</a> for <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> If <var>response</var> is null, then: <ol> <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①⓪">cache mode</a> is "<code>only-if-cached</code>", then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④⑤">network error</a>. <li> Let <var>forwardResponse</var> be the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-network-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-network-fetch">HTTP-network fetch</a> given <var>httpFetchParams</var>, <var>includeCredentials</var>, and <var>isNewConnectionFetch</var>. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①④">method</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html#rfc.section.9.2.1" id="ref-for-rfc.section.9.2.1">unsafe</a> and <var>forwardResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①⑤">status</a> is in the range 200 to 399, inclusive, invalidate appropriate stored responses in <var>httpCache</var>, as per the "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#invalidation" id="ref-for-invalidation">Invalidating Stored Responses</a>" chapter of <cite>HTTP Caching</cite>, and set <var>storedResponse</var> to null. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <li> If the <var>revalidatingFlag</var> is set and <var>forwardResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①⑥">status</a> is 304, then: <ol> <li> Update <var>storedResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②②">header list</a> using <var>forwardResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②③">header list</a>, as per the "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#freshening.responses" id="ref-for-freshening.responses">Freshening Stored Responses upon Validation</a>" chapter of <cite>HTTP Caching</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> This updates the stored response in cache as well. <li> Set <var>response</var> to <var>storedResponse</var>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-cache-state" id="ref-for-concept-response-cache-state③">cache state</a> to "<code>validated</code>". </ol> <li> If <var>response</var> is null, then: <ol> <li> Set <var>response</var> to <var>forwardResponse</var>. <li> Store <var>httpRequest</var> and <var>forwardResponse</var> in <var>httpCache</var>, as per the "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html#response.cacheability" id="ref-for-response.cacheability">Storing Responses in Caches</a>" chapter of <cite>HTTP Caching</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> If <var>forwardResponse</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④⑥">network error</a>, this effectively caches the network error, which is sometimes known as "negative caching". The associated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body-info" id="ref-for-concept-response-body-info④">body info</a> is stored in the cache alongside the response. </ol> </ol> <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list①⓪">URL list</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-clone" id="ref-for-list-clone①">clone</a> of <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list⑥">URL list</a>. <li> If <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③⑧">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②②">contains</a> `<code>Range</code>`, then set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-range-requested-flag" id="ref-for-concept-response-range-requested-flag②">range-requested flag</a>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-request-includes-credentials" id="ref-for-response-request-includes-credentials①">request-includes-credentials</a> to <var>includeCredentials</var>. <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①⑦">status</a> is 401, <var>httpRequest</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①⑥">response tainting</a> is not "<code>cors</code>", <var>includeCredentials</var> is true, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window⑥">window</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object①①">environment settings object</a>, then: <ol> <li class="XXX"> Needs testing: multiple `<code>WWW-Authenticate</code>` headers, missing, parsing issues. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②④">body</a> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②⑤">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source⑥">source</a> is null, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④⑦">network error</a>. <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②⑥">body</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-body" id="ref-for-body-with-type-body④">body</a> of the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bodyinit-safely-extract" id="ref-for-bodyinit-safely-extract⑤">safely extracting</a> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②⑦">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source⑦">source</a>. </ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-use-url-credentials-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-use-url-credentials-flag①">use-URL-credentials flag</a> is unset or <var>isAuthenticationFetch</var> is true, then: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled④">canceled</a>, then return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#appropriate-network-error" id="ref-for-appropriate-network-error②">appropriate network error</a> for <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> Let <var>username</var> and <var>password</var> be the result of prompting the end user for a username and password, respectively, in <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window⑦">window</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#set-the-username" id="ref-for-set-the-username①">Set the username</a> given <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②⑦">current URL</a> and <var>username</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#set-the-password" id="ref-for-set-the-password①">Set the password</a> given <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②⑧">current URL</a> and <var>password</var>. </ol> <li> Set <var>response</var> to the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch①">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var> and true. </ol> <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①⑧">status</a> is 407, then: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window⑧">window</a> is "<code>no-window</code>", then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④⑧">network error</a>. <li class="XXX"> Needs testing: multiple `<code>Proxy-Authenticate</code>` headers, missing, parsing issues. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled⑤">canceled</a>, then return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#appropriate-network-error" id="ref-for-appropriate-network-error③">appropriate network error</a> for <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> Prompt the end user as appropriate in <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window⑨">window</a> and store the result as a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#proxy-authentication-entry" id="ref-for-proxy-authentication-entry①">proxy-authentication entry</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> Remaining details surrounding proxy authentication are defined by HTTP. <li> Set <var>response</var> to the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch②">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>. </ol> <li> If all of the following are true <ul class="brief"> <li> <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status①⑨">status</a> is 421 <li> <var>isNewConnectionFetch</var> is false <li> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②⑧">body</a> is null, or <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body②⑨">body</a> is non-null and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③⓪">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source⑧">source</a> is non-null </ul> then: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled⑥">canceled</a>, then return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#appropriate-network-error" id="ref-for-appropriate-network-error④">appropriate network error</a> for <var>fetchParams</var>. <li> Set <var>response</var> to the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch③">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>, <var>isAuthenticationFetch</var>, and true. </ol> <li> If <var>isAuthenticationFetch</var> is true, then create an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#authentication-entry" id="ref-for-authentication-entry⑤">authentication entry</a> for <var>request</var> and the given realm. <li> Return <var>response</var>. Typically <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②③">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①①">stream</a> is still being enqueued to after returning. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.6" id="http-network-fetch">4.6. HTTP-network fetch<a class="self-link" href="#http-network-fetch"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="HTTP-network fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-http-network-fetch">HTTP-network fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params①①">fetch params</a> <var>fetchParams</var>, an optional boolean <var>includeCredentials</var> (default false), and an optional boolean <var>forceNewConnection</var> (default false), run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request①⑨">request</a>. <li> Let <var>response</var> be null. <li> Let <var>timingInfo</var> be <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-params-timing-info⑤">timing info</a>. <li> Let <var>networkPartitionKey</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-determine-the-network-partition-key" id="ref-for-request-determine-the-network-partition-key①">determining the network partition key</a> given <var>request</var>. <li> Let <var>newConnection</var> be "<code>yes</code>" if <var>forceNewConnection</var> is true; otherwise "<code>no</code>". <li> Switch on <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②⓪">mode</a>: <dl> <dt>"<code>websocket</code>" <dd> Let <var>connection</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-connection-obtain" id="ref-for-concept-websocket-connection-obtain">obtaining a WebSocket connection</a>, given <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url②⑨">current URL</a>. <dt>Otherwise <dd> Let <var>connection</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-obtain" id="ref-for-concept-connection-obtain①">obtaining a connection</a>, given <var>networkPartitionKey</var>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③⓪">current URL</a>, <var>includeCredentials</var>, and <var>newConnection</var>. </dl> <li> Run these steps, but <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#abort-when" id="ref-for-abort-when①">abort when</a> <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled⑦">canceled</a>: <ol> <li> If <var>connection</var> is failure, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error④⑨">network error</a>. <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-final-connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-final-connection-timing-info">final connection timing info</a> to the result of calling <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#clamp-and-coarsen-connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-clamp-and-coarsen-connection-timing-info①">clamp and coarsen connection timing info</a> with <var>connection</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-connection-timing-info" id="ref-for-concept-connection-timing-info②">timing info</a>, <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time③">post-redirect start time</a>, and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability④">cross-origin isolated capability</a>. <li> If <var>connection</var> is an HTTP/1.x connection, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③①">body</a> is non-null, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③②">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source⑨">source</a> is null, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤⓪">network error</a>. <li>Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-final-network-request-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-final-network-request-start-time">final network-request start time</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time③">coarsened shared current time</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability⑤">cross-origin isolated capability</a>. <li> Set <var>response</var> to the result of making an HTTP request over <var>connection</var> using <var>request</var> with the following caveats: <ul> <li> Follow the relevant requirements from HTTP. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③③">body</a> is non-null, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③④">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source①⓪">source</a> is null, then the user agent may have a buffer of up to 64 kibibytes and store a part of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③⑤">body</a> in that buffer. If the user agent reads from <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③⑥">body</a> beyond that buffer’s size and the user agent needs to resend <var>request</var>, then instead return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤①">network error</a>. <div class="note" role="note"> The resending is needed when the connection is timed out, for example. The buffer is not needed when <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③⑦">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source①①">source</a> is non-null, because <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③⑧">body</a> can be recreated from it. When <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body③⑨">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source①②">source</a> is null, it means <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④⓪">body</a> is created from a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream②">ReadableStream</a></code> object, which means <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④①">body</a> cannot be recreated and that is why the buffer is needed. </div> <li> While true: <ol> <li> Set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-final-network-response-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-final-network-response-start-time">final network-response start time</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/#dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time" id="ref-for-dfn-coarsened-shared-current-time④">coarsened shared current time</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability" id="ref-for-fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability⑥">cross-origin isolated capability</a>, immediately after the user agent’s HTTP parser receives the first byte of the response (e.g., frame header bytes for HTTP/2 or response status line for HTTP/1.x). <li> Wait until all the HTTP response headers are transmitted. <li> Let <var>status</var> be the HTTP response’s status code. <li> If <var>status</var> is in the range 100 to 199, inclusive: <ol> <li> If <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-first-interim-network-response-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-first-interim-network-response-start-time">first interim network-response start time</a> is 0, then set <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-first-interim-network-response-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-first-interim-network-response-start-time①">first interim network-response start time</a> to <var>timingInfo</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-final-network-response-start-time" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-final-network-response-start-time①">final network-response start time</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②①">mode</a> is "<code>websocket</code>" and <var>status</var> is 101, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-break" id="ref-for-iteration-break③">break</a>. <li> If <var>status</var> is 103 and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-early-hints-response" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-early-hints-response①">process early hints response</a> is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task⑧">queue a fetch task</a> to run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-early-hints-response" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-early-hints-response②">process early hints response</a>, with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑤⑨">response</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-continue" id="ref-for-iteration-continue⑤">Continue</a>. </ol> These kind of HTTP responses are eventually followed by a "final" HTTP response. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#iteration-break" id="ref-for-iteration-break④">Break</a>. </ol> </ul> The exact layering between Fetch and HTTP still needs to be sorted through and therefore <var>response</var> represents both a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥⓪">response</a> and an HTTP response here. If the HTTP request results in a TLS client certificate dialog, then: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window①⓪">window</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object①②">environment settings object</a>, make the dialog available in <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window①①">window</a>. <li> Otherwise, return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤②">network error</a>. </ol> To transmit <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④②">body</a> <var>body</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>body</var> is null and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body①">process request end-of-body</a> is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task⑨">queue a fetch task</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body②">process request end-of-body</a> and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination⑥">task destination</a>. <li> Otherwise, if <var>body</var> is non-null: <ol> <li> Let <var>processBodyChunk</var> given <var>bytes</var> be these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled⑧">canceled</a>, then abort these steps. <li> Run this step <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel③">in parallel</a>: transmit <var>bytes</var>. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-body①">process request body chunk length</a> is non-null, then run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-body②">process request body chunk length</a> given <var>bytes</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence-length" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-length②">length</a>. </ol> <li> Let <var>processEndOfBody</var> be these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled⑨">canceled</a>, then abort these steps. <li> If <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body③">process request end-of-body</a> is non-null, then run <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body" id="ref-for-fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body④">process request end-of-body</a>. </ol> <li> Let <var>processBodyError</var> given <var>e</var> be these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled①⓪">canceled</a>, then abort these steps. <li> If <var>e</var> is an "<code><a class="idl-code" data-link-type="exception" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#aborterror" id="ref-for-aborterror②">AbortError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException②">DOMException</a></code>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-abort" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-abort">abort</a> <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller①⓪">controller</a>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-terminate" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-terminate②">terminate</a> <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller①①">controller</a>. </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-incrementally-read" id="ref-for-body-incrementally-read">Incrementally read</a> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④③">body</a> given <var>processBodyChunk</var>, <var>processEndOfBody</var>, <var>processBodyError</var>, and <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination⑦">task destination</a>. </ol> </ol> </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#if-aborted" id="ref-for-if-aborted①">If aborted</a>, then: <ol> <li> If <var>connection</var> uses HTTP/2, then transmit an <code>RST_STREAM</code> frame. <li> Return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#appropriate-network-error" id="ref-for-appropriate-network-error⑤">appropriate network error</a> for <var>fetchParams</var>. </ol> <li> Let <var>buffer</var> be an empty <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①⑦">byte sequence</a>. This represents an internal buffer inside the network layer of the user agent. <li> Let <var>stream</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream③">ReadableStream</a></code>. <li> Let <var>pullAlgorithm</var> be the following steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>promise</var> be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#a-new-promise" id="ref-for-a-new-promise">a new promise</a>. <li> Run the following steps <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel④">in parallel</a>: <ol> <li> If the size of <var>buffer</var> is smaller than a lower limit chosen by the user agent and the ongoing fetch is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-suspend" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-suspend">suspended</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-resume" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-resume">resume</a> the fetch. <li> Wait until <var>buffer</var> is not empty. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#queue-a-fetch-task" id="ref-for-queue-a-fetch-task①⓪">Queue a fetch task</a> to run the following steps, with <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-task-destination" id="ref-for-fetch-params-task-destination⑧">task destination</a>. <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-pull-from-bytes" id="ref-for-readablestream-pull-from-bytes">Pull from bytes</a> <var>buffer</var> into <var>stream</var>. <li> If <var>stream</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-errored" id="ref-for-readablestream-errored">errored</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-terminate" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-terminate③">terminate</a> <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller①②">controller</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#resolve" id="ref-for-resolve">Resolve</a> <var>promise</var> with undefined. </ol> </ol> <li> Return <var>promise</var>. </ol> <li> Let <var>cancelAlgorithm</var> be an algorithm that <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-abort" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-abort①">aborts</a> <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller①③">controller</a> with <var>reason</var>, given <var>reason</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-set-up-with-byte-reading-support" id="ref-for-readablestream-set-up-with-byte-reading-support">Set up</a> <var>stream</var> with byte reading support with <var><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-set-up-pullalgorithm" id="ref-for-readablestream-set-up-pullalgorithm">pullAlgorithm</a></var> set to <var>pullAlgorithm</var>, <var><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-set-up-cancelalgorithm" id="ref-for-readablestream-set-up-cancelalgorithm">cancelAlgorithm</a></var> set to <var>cancelAlgorithm</var>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②④">body</a> to a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body①①">body</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①②">stream</a> is <var>stream</var>. <li> <a class="tracking-vector" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#tracking-vector" style="color: currentcolor"><img alt="(This is a tracking vector.)" class="darkmode-aware" crossorigin height="64" src="https://resources.whatwg.org/tracking-vector.svg" title="There is a tracking vector here." width="46"></a> If <var>includeCredentials</var> is true and the user agent is not configured to block cookies for <var>request</var> (see <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc6265.html#privacy-considerations">section 7</a> of <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-cookies" title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[COOKIES]</a>), then run the "set-cookie-string" parsing algorithm (see <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc6265.html#set-cookie">section 5.2</a> of <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-cookies" title="HTTP State Management Mechanism">[COOKIES]</a>) on the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value②⓪">value</a> of each <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤④">header</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name②①">name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①④">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for `<code>Set-Cookie</code>` in <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②④">header list</a>, if any, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③①">current URL</a>. <li> Run these steps <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel⑤">in parallel</a>: <ol> <li> Run these steps, but <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#abort-when" id="ref-for-abort-when②">abort when</a> <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-canceled" id="ref-for-fetch-params-canceled①①">canceled</a>: <ol> <li> While true: <ol> <li> If one or more bytes have been transmitted from <var>response</var>’s message body, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>bytes</var> be the transmitted bytes. <li> Let <var>codings</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-list-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-list-values②">extracting header list values</a> given `<code>Content-Encoding</code>` and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②⑤">header list</a>. <li> Increase <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body-info" id="ref-for-concept-response-body-info⑤">body info</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-encoded-body-size" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-encoded-body-size">encoded size</a> by <var>bytes</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence-length" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-length③">length</a>. <li> Set <var>bytes</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#handle-content-codings" id="ref-for-handle-content-codings①">handling content codings</a> given <var>codings</var> and <var>bytes</var>. This makes the `<code>Content-Length</code>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤⑤">header</a> unreliable to the extent that it was reliable to begin with. <li> Increase <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body-info" id="ref-for-concept-response-body-info⑥">body info</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-timing-info-decoded-body-size" id="ref-for-fetch-timing-info-decoded-body-size">decoded size</a> by <var>bytes</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence-length" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-length④">length</a>. <li> If <var>bytes</var> is failure, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-terminate" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-terminate④">terminate</a> <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller①④">controller</a>. <li> Append <var>bytes</var> to <var>buffer</var>. <li> If the size of <var>buffer</var> is larger than an upper limit chosen by the user agent, ask the user agent to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch-suspend" id="ref-for-concept-fetch-suspend①">suspend</a> the ongoing fetch. </ol> <li> Otherwise, if the bytes transmission for <var>response</var>’s message body is done normally and <var>stream</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-readable" id="ref-for-readablestream-readable">readable</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-close" id="ref-for-readablestream-close">close</a> <var>stream</var>, and abort these in-parallel steps. </ol> </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#if-aborted" id="ref-for-if-aborted②">If aborted</a>, then: <ol> <li> If <var>fetchParams</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-aborted" id="ref-for-fetch-params-aborted①">aborted</a>, then: <ol> <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-aborted" id="ref-for-concept-response-aborted①">aborted flag</a>. <li> If <var>stream</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-readable" id="ref-for-readablestream-readable①">readable</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-error" id="ref-for-readablestream-error">error</a> <var>stream</var> with the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#deserialize-a-serialized-abort-reason" id="ref-for-deserialize-a-serialized-abort-reason">deserialize a serialized abort reason</a> given <var>fetchParams</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-params-controller①⑤">controller</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason①">serialized abort reason</a> and an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①⑧">implementation-defined</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#realm" id="ref-for-realm①">realm</a>. </ol> <li> Otherwise, if <var>stream</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-readable" id="ref-for-readablestream-readable②">readable</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-error" id="ref-for-readablestream-error①">error</a> <var>stream</var> with a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>connection</var> uses HTTP/2, then transmit an <code>RST_STREAM</code> frame. <li> Otherwise, the user agent should close <var>connection</var> unless it would be bad for performance to do so. For instance, the user agent could keep the connection open if it knows there’s only a few bytes of transfer remaining on a reusable connection. In this case it could be worse to close the connection and go through the handshake process again for the next fetch. </ol> </ol> These are run <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel⑥">in parallel</a> as at this point it is unclear whether <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②⑤">body</a> is relevant (<var>response</var> might be a redirect). <li> Return <var>response</var>. Typically <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②⑥">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①③">stream</a> is still being enqueued to after returning. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.7" id="cors-preflight-fetch">4.7. CORS-preflight fetch<a class="self-link" href="#cors-preflight-fetch"></a></h3> This is effectively the user agent implementation of the check to see if the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①⑦">CORS protocol</a> is understood. The so-called <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-request" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-request①③">CORS-preflight request</a>. If successful it populates the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache①">CORS-preflight cache</a> to minimize the number of these <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0⑤">fetches</a>. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="CORS-preflight fetch"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="cors-preflight-fetch-0">CORS-preflight fetch</dfn>, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①⓪⑨">request</a> <var>request</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>preflight</var> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①⓪">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①⑤">method</a> is `<code>OPTIONS</code>`, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list⑦">URL list</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-clone" id="ref-for-list-clone②">clone</a> of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list⑧">URL list</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator⑥">initiator</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-initiator" id="ref-for-concept-request-initiator⑦">initiator</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①⑧">destination</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination①⑨">destination</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①⑦">origin</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①⑧">origin</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer⑥">referrer</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer⑦">referrer</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy④">referrer policy</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy⑤">referrer policy</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②②">mode</a> is "<code>cors</code>", and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①⑦">response tainting</a> is "<code>cors</code>". The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-service-workers-mode" id="ref-for-request-service-workers-mode③">service-workers mode</a> of <var>preflight</var> does not matter as this algorithm uses <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch④">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> rather than <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-fetch⑥">HTTP fetch</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①⑧">Append</a> (`<code>Accept</code>`, `<code>*/*</code>`) to <var>preflight</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list③⑨">header list</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append①⑨">Append</a> (`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-request-method" id="ref-for-http-access-control-request-method①"><code>Access-Control-Request-Method</code></a>`, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①⑥">method</a>) to <var>preflight</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④⓪">header list</a>. <li> Let <var>headers</var> be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-names" id="ref-for-cors-unsafe-request-header-names②">CORS-unsafe request-header names</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④①">header list</a>. <li> If <var>headers</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-is-empty" id="ref-for-list-is-empty⑤">is not empty</a>, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>value</var> be the items in <var>headers</var> separated from each other by `<code>,</code>`. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append②⓪">Append</a> (`<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-request-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-request-headers①"><code>Access-Control-Request-Headers</code></a>`, <var>value</var>) to <var>preflight</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④②">header list</a>. </ol> This intentionally does not use <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-combine" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-combine①">combine</a>, as 0x20 following 0x2C is not the way this was implemented, for better or worse. <li> Let <var>response</var> be the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch⑤">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a> given a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params" id="ref-for-fetch-params①②">fetch params</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-params-request" id="ref-for-fetch-params-request②⓪">request</a> is <var>preflight</var>. <li> If a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cors-check" id="ref-for-concept-cors-check③">CORS check</a> for <var>request</var> and <var>response</var> returns success and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②⓪">status</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#ok-status" id="ref-for-ok-status①">ok status</a>, then: The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cors-check" id="ref-for-concept-cors-check④">CORS check</a> is done on <var>request</var> rather than <var>preflight</var> to ensure the correct <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①③">credentials mode</a> is used. <ol> <li> Let <var>methods</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-list-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-list-values③">extracting header list values</a> given `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-methods" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-methods②"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Methods</code></a>` and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②⑥">header list</a>. <li> Let <var>headerNames</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-list-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-list-values④">extracting header list values</a> given `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-headers" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-headers②"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Headers</code></a>` and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②⑦">header list</a>. <li> If either <var>methods</var> or <var>headerNames</var> is failure, return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤③">network error</a>. <li> If <var>methods</var> is null and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#use-cors-preflight-flag" id="ref-for-use-cors-preflight-flag④">use-CORS-preflight flag</a> is set, then set <var>methods</var> to a new list containing <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①⑦">method</a>. This ensures that a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0⑥">CORS-preflight fetch</a> that happened due to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#use-cors-preflight-flag" id="ref-for-use-cors-preflight-flag⑤">use-CORS-preflight flag</a> being set is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache②">cached</a>. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①⑧">method</a> is not in <var>methods</var>, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method①⑨">method</a> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-method" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-method③">CORS-safelisted method</a>, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①④">credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>" or <var>methods</var> does not contain `<code>*</code>`, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤④">network error</a>. <li> If one of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④③">header list</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name②②">names</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name" id="ref-for-cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name①">CORS non-wildcard request-header name</a> and is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①⑤">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-item" id="ref-for-list-item②">item</a> in <var>headerNames</var>, then return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤⑤">network error</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①③">For each</a> <var>unsafeName</var> of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-names" id="ref-for-cors-unsafe-request-header-names③">CORS-unsafe request-header names</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④④">header list</a>, if <var>unsafeName</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①⑥">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-item" id="ref-for-list-item③">item</a> in <var>headerNames</var> and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①⑤">credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>" or <var>headerNames</var> does not contain `<code>*</code>`, return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤⑥">network error</a>. <li> Let <var>max-age</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-header-list-values" id="ref-for-extract-header-list-values⑤">extracting header list values</a> given `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-max-age" id="ref-for-http-access-control-max-age"><code>Access-Control-Max-Age</code></a>` and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②⑧">header list</a>. <li> If <var>max-age</var> is failure or null, then set <var>max-age</var> to 5. <li> If <var>max-age</var> is greater than an imposed limit on <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-max-age" id="ref-for-concept-cache-max-age">max-age</a>, then set <var>max-age</var> to the imposed limit. <li> If the user agent does not provide for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache③">cache</a>, then return <var>response</var>. <li> For each <var>method</var> in <var>methods</var> for which there is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match-method" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match-method①">method cache entry match</a> using <var>request</var>, set matching entry’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-max-age" id="ref-for-concept-cache-max-age①">max-age</a> to <var>max-age</var>. <li> For each <var>method</var> in <var>methods</var> for which there is no <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match-method" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match-method②">method cache entry match</a> using <var>request</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-create-entry" id="ref-for-concept-cache-create-entry">create a new cache entry</a> with <var>request</var>, <var>max-age</var>, <var>method</var>, and null. <li> For each <var>headerName</var> in <var>headerNames</var> for which there is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match-header" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match-header①">header-name cache entry match</a> using <var>request</var>, set matching entry’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-max-age" id="ref-for-concept-cache-max-age②">max-age</a> to <var>max-age</var>. <li> For each <var>headerName</var> in <var>headerNames</var> for which there is no <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match-header" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match-header②">header-name cache entry match</a> using <var>request</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-create-entry" id="ref-for-concept-cache-create-entry①">create a new cache entry</a> with <var>request</var>, <var>max-age</var>, null, and <var>headerName</var>. <li> Return <var>response</var>. </ol> <li> Otherwise, return a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤⑦">network error</a>. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.8" id="cors-preflight-cache">4.8. CORS-preflight cache<a class="self-link" href="#cors-preflight-cache"></a></h3> A user agent has an associated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache④">CORS-preflight cache</a>. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache">CORS-preflight cache</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list" id="ref-for-list①②">list</a> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry">cache entries</a>. A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="cache-entry">cache entry</dfn> consists of: <ul class="brief"> <li><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="cache entry" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-key">key</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#network-partition-key" id="ref-for-network-partition-key④">network partition key</a>) <li><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="cache entry" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-origin">byte-serialized origin</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①⑧">byte sequence</a>) <li><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="cache entry" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-url">URL</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url②⓪">URL</a>) <li><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="cache entry" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-max-age">max-age</dfn> (a number of seconds) <li><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="cache entry" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-credentials">credentials</dfn> (a boolean) <li><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="cache entry" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-method">method</dfn> (null, `<code>*</code>`, or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method①①">method</a>) <li><dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="cache entry" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-header-name">header name</dfn> (null, `<code>*</code>`, or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①⑧">header name</a>) </ul> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry①">Cache entries</a> must be removed after the seconds specified in their <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-max-age" id="ref-for-concept-cache-max-age③">max-age</a> field have passed since storing the entry. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry②">Cache entries</a> may be removed before that moment arrives. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="create a new cache entry"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-create-entry">create a new cache entry</dfn>, given <var>request</var>, <var>max-age</var>, <var>method</var>, and <var>headerName</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>entry</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry③">cache entry</a>, initialized as follows: <dl> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-key" id="ref-for-concept-cache-key">key</a> <dd> The result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-determine-the-network-partition-key" id="ref-for-request-determine-the-network-partition-key②">determining the network partition key</a> given <var>request</var> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-origin" id="ref-for-concept-cache-origin">byte-serialized origin</a> <dd> The result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-byte-serializing-a-request-origin②">byte-serializing a request origin</a> with <var>request</var> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-url" id="ref-for-concept-cache-url">URL</a> <dd> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③②">current URL</a> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-max-age" id="ref-for-concept-cache-max-age④">max-age</a> <dd> <var>max-age</var> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-credentials" id="ref-for-concept-cache-credentials">credentials</a> <dd> True if <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①⑥">credentials mode</a> is "<code>include</code>", and false otherwise <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-method" id="ref-for-concept-cache-method">method</a> <dd> <var>method</var> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-cache-header-name">header name</a> <dd> <var>headerName</var> </dl> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-append" id="ref-for-list-append①⓪">Append</a> <var>entry</var> to the user agent’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache⑤">CORS-preflight cache</a>. </ol> </div> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-clear">clear cache entries</dfn>, given a <var>request</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-remove" id="ref-for-list-remove②">remove</a> any <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry④">cache entries</a> in the user agent’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache⑥">CORS-preflight cache</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-key" id="ref-for-concept-cache-key①">key</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-determine-the-network-partition-key" id="ref-for-request-determine-the-network-partition-key③">determining the network partition key</a> given <var>request</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-origin" id="ref-for-concept-cache-origin①">byte-serialized origin</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-byte-serializing-a-request-origin③">byte-serializing a request origin</a> with <var>request</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-url" id="ref-for-concept-cache-url①">URL</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③③">current URL</a>. There is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-match">cache entry match</dfn> for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry⑤">cache entry</a> <var>entry</var> with <var>request</var> if <var>entry</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-key" id="ref-for-concept-cache-key②">key</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-determine-the-network-partition-key" id="ref-for-request-determine-the-network-partition-key④">determining the network partition key</a> given <var>request</var>, <var>entry</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-origin" id="ref-for-concept-cache-origin②">byte-serialized origin</a> is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-byte-serializing-a-request-origin④">byte-serializing a request origin</a> with <var>request</var>, <var>entry</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-url" id="ref-for-concept-cache-url②">URL</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③④">current URL</a>, and one of <ul class="brief"> <li><var>entry</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-credentials" id="ref-for-concept-cache-credentials①">credentials</a> is true <li><var>entry</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-credentials" id="ref-for-concept-cache-credentials②">credentials</a> is false and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①⑦">credentials mode</a> is not "<code>include</code>". </ul> is true. There is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-match-method">method cache entry match</dfn> for <var>method</var> using <var>request</var> when there is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry⑥">cache entry</a> in the user agent’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache⑦">CORS-preflight cache</a> for which there is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match">cache entry match</a> with <var>request</var> and its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-method" id="ref-for-concept-cache-method①">method</a> is <var>method</var> or `<code>*</code>`. There is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cache-match-header">header-name cache entry match</dfn> for <var>headerName</var> using <var>request</var> when there is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cache-entry" id="ref-for-cache-entry⑦">cache entry</a> in the user agent’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache" id="ref-for-concept-cache⑧">CORS-preflight cache</a> for which there is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-match" id="ref-for-concept-cache-match①">cache entry match</a> with <var>request</var> and one of <ul class="brief"> <li>its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-cache-header-name①">header name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①⑦">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for <var>headerName</var> <li>its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-cache-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-cache-header-name②">header name</a> is `<code>*</code>` and <var>headerName</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name" id="ref-for-cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name②">CORS non-wildcard request-header name</a> </ul> is true. <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.9" id="cors-check">4.9. CORS check<a class="self-link" href="#cors-check"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="CORS check"> To perform a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-cors-check">CORS check</dfn> for a <var>request</var> and <var>response</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>origin</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get⑤">getting</a> `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin⑥"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list②⑨">header list</a>. <li> If <var>origin</var> is null, then return failure. Null is not `<code>null</code>`. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①⑧">credentials mode</a> is not "<code>include</code>" and <var>origin</var> is `<code>*</code>`, then return success. <li> If the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#byte-serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-byte-serializing-a-request-origin⑤">byte-serializing a request origin</a> with <var>request</var> is not <var>origin</var>, then return failure. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode①⑨">credentials mode</a> is not "<code>include</code>", then return success. <li> Let <var>credentials</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get⑥">getting</a> `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-credentials" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-credentials④"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</code></a>` from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③⓪">header list</a>. <li> If <var>credentials</var> is `<code>true</code>`, then return success. <li> Return failure. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.10" id="tao-check">4.10. TAO check<a class="self-link" href="#tao-check"></a></h3> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="TAO check"> To perform a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-tao-check">TAO check</dfn> for a <var>request</var> and <var>response</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②①">Assert</a>: <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin①⑨">origin</a> is not "<code>client</code>". <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#timing-allow-failed" id="ref-for-timing-allow-failed④">timing allow failed flag</a> is set, then return failure. <li> Let <var>values</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-decode-split⑥">getting, decoding, and splitting</a> `<code>Timing-Allow-Origin</code>` from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③①">header list</a>. <li> If <var>values</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-contain" id="ref-for-list-contain①">contains</a> "<code>*</code>", then return success. <li> If <var>values</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-contain" id="ref-for-list-contain②">contains</a> the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#serializing-a-request-origin" id="ref-for-serializing-a-request-origin①">serializing a request origin</a> with <var>request</var>, then return success. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②③">mode</a> is "<code>navigate</code>" and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③⑤">current URL</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin①⑨">origin</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin⑨">same origin</a> with <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin②⓪">origin</a>, then return failure. This is necessary for navigations of a nested navigable. There, <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin②①">origin</a> would be the container document’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-document-origin" id="ref-for-concept-document-origin">origin</a> and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-tao-check" id="ref-for-concept-tao-check①">TAO check</a> would return failure. Since navigation timing never validates the results of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-tao-check" id="ref-for-concept-tao-check②">TAO check</a>, the nested document would still have access to the full timing information, but the container document would not. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-response-tainting" id="ref-for-concept-request-response-tainting①⑧">response tainting</a> is "<code>basic</code>", then return success. <li> Return failure. </ol> </div> <h2 class="heading settled" data-level="5" id="fetch-api">5. Fetch API<a class="self-link" href="#fetch-api"></a></h2> The <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch④"><code>fetch()</code></a> method is relatively low-level API for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②⑥">fetching</a> resources. It covers slightly more ground than <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest⑤">XMLHttpRequest</a></code>, although it is currently lacking when it comes to request progression (not response progression). <div class="example" id="fetch-blob-example"> <a class="self-link" href="#fetch-blob-example"></a> The <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch⑤"><code>fetch()</code></a> method makes it quite straightforward to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②⑦">fetch</a> a resource and extract its contents as a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob②">Blob</a></code>: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"/music/pk/altes-kamuffel.flac"</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> res<c- p>.</c->blob<c- p>()).</c->then<c- p>(</c->playBlob<c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> If you just care to log a particular response header: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"/"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- p>{</c->method<c- o>:</c-><c- u>"HEAD"</c-><c- p>})</c-> <c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> log<c- p>(</c->res<c- p>.</c->headers<c- p>.</c->get<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"strict-transport-security"</c-><c- p>)))</c-> </code></pre> If you want to check a particular response header and then process the response of a cross-origin resource: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://pk.example/berlin-calling.json"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- p>{</c->mode<c- o>:</c-><c- u>"cors"</c-><c- p>})</c-> <c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- k>if</c-><c- p>(</c->res<c- p>.</c->headers<c- p>.</c->get<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"content-type"</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- o>&&</c-> res<c- p>.</c->headers<c- p>.</c->get<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"content-type"</c-><c- p>).</c->toLowerCase<c- p>().</c->indexOf<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"application/json"</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- o>>=</c-> <c- mf>0</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- k>return</c-> res<c- p>.</c->json<c- p>()</c-> <c- p>}</c-> <c- k>else</c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- k>throw</c-> <c- ow>new</c-> <c- ne>TypeError</c-><c- p>()</c-> <c- p>}</c-> <c- p>}).</c->then<c- p>(</c->processJSON<c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> If you want to work with URL query parameters: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight"><c- a>var</c-> url <c- o>=</c-> <c- ow>new</c-> URL<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://geo.example.org/api"</c-><c- p>),</c-> params <c- o>=</c-> <c- p>{</c->lat<c- o>:</c-><c- mf>35.696233</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- kr>long</c-><c- o>:</c-><c- mf>139.570431</c-><c- p>}</c-> Object<c- p>.</c->keys<c- p>(</c->params<c- p>).</c->forEach<c- p>(</c->key <c- p>=></c-> url<c- p>.</c->searchParams<c- p>.</c->append<c- p>(</c->key<c- p>,</c-> params<c- p>[</c->key<c- p>]))</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c->url<c- p>).</c->then<c- p>(</c-><c- d>/* … */</c-><c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> If you want to receive the body data progressively: <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight"><c- a>function</c-> consume<c- p>(</c->reader<c- p>)</c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- a>var</c-> total <c- o>=</c-> <c- mf>0</c-> <c- k>return</c-> pump<c- p>()</c-> <c- a>function</c-> pump<c- p>()</c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- k>return</c-> reader<c- p>.</c->read<c- p>().</c->then<c- p>(({</c->done<c- p>,</c-> value<c- p>})</c-> <c- p>=></c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- k>if</c-> <c- p>(</c->done<c- p>)</c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- k>return</c-> <c- p>}</c-> total <c- o>+=</c-> value<c- p>.</c->byteLength log<c- p>(</c-><c- sb>`received </c-><c- si>${</c->value<c- p>.</c->byteLength<c- si>}</c-><c- sb> bytes (</c-><c- si>${</c->total<c- si>}</c-><c- sb> bytes in total)`</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- k>return</c-> pump<c- p>()</c-> <c- p>})</c-> <c- p>}</c-> <c- p>}</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"/music/pk/altes-kamuffel.flac"</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> consume<c- p>(</c->res<c- p>.</c->body<c- p>.</c->getReader<c- p>()))</c-> <c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(()</c-> <c- p>=></c-> log<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"consumed the entire body without keeping the whole thing in memory!"</c-><c- p>))</c-> <c- p>.</c-><c- k>catch</c-><c- p>(</c->e <c- p>=></c-> log<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"something went wrong: "</c-> <c- o>+</c-> e<c- p>))</c-> </code></pre> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="5.1" id="headers-class">5.1. Headers class<a class="self-link" href="#headers-class"></a></h3> <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence" id="ref-for-idl-sequence"><c- b>sequence</c-></a><<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence" id="ref-for-idl-sequence①"><c- b>sequence</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>>> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-record" id="ref-for-idl-record"><c- b>record</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString②"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>>) <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="typedef" data-export id="typedefdef-headersinit"><code><c- g>HeadersInit</c-></code></dfn>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#Exposed" id="ref-for-Exposed"><c- g>Exposed</c-></a>=(<c- n>Window</c->,<c- n>Worker</c->)] <c- b>interface</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="interface" data-export id="headers"><code><c- g>Headers</c-></code></dfn> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-headers" id="ref-for-dom-headers"><c- g>constructor</c-></a>(<c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-headersinit" id="ref-for-typedefdef-headersinit"><c- n>HeadersInit</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/Headers(init), Headers/constructor(init), Headers/Headers(), Headers/constructor()" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-headers-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></dfn>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined"><c- b>undefined</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-append" id="ref-for-dom-headers-append"><c- g>append</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString③"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/append(name, value)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-append-name-value-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></dfn>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString④"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/append(name, value)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-append-name-value-value"><code><c- g>value</c-></code></dfn>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined①"><c- b>undefined</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-delete" id="ref-for-dom-headers-delete"><c- g>delete</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString⑤"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/delete(name)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-delete-name-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></dfn>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString⑥"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>? <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-get" id="ref-for-dom-headers-get"><c- g>get</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString⑦"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/get(name)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-get-name-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></dfn>); <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence" id="ref-for-idl-sequence②"><c- b>sequence</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString⑧"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-getsetcookie" id="ref-for-dom-headers-getsetcookie"><c- g>getSetCookie</c-></a>(); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-has" id="ref-for-dom-headers-has"><c- g>has</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString⑨"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/has(name)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-has-name-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></dfn>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined②"><c- b>undefined</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-set" id="ref-for-dom-headers-set"><c- g>set</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①⓪"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/set(name, value)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-set-name-value-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></dfn>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①①"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers/set(name, value)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-headers-set-name-value-value"><code><c- g>value</c-></code></dfn>); <c- b>iterable</c-><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①②"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①③"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>>; }; </pre> A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①">Headers</a></code> object has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-headers-header-list">header list</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list②②">header list</a>), which is initially empty. This can be a pointer to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list②③">header list</a> of something else, e.g., of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①①">request</a> as demonstrated by <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request">Request</a></code> objects. A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers②">Headers</a></code> object also has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-headers-guard">guard</dfn>, which is a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="headers-guard">headers guard</dfn>. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#headers-guard" id="ref-for-headers-guard">headers guard</a> is "<code>immutable</code>", "<code>request</code>", "<code>request-no-cors</code>", "<code>response</code>" or "<code>none</code>". <hr> <dl class="domintro"> <dt><code><var>headers</var> = new <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-headers" id="ref-for-dom-headers①">Headers</a>([<var>init</var>])</code> <dd> Creates a new <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers③">Headers</a></code> object. <var>init</var> can be used to fill its internal header list, as per the example below. <div class="example" id="example-headers-class"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-headers-class"></a> <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight"><c- a>const</c-> meta <c- o>=</c-> <c- p>{</c-> <c- u>"Content-Type"</c-><c- o>:</c-> <c- u>"text/xml"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- u>"Breaking-Bad"</c-><c- o>:</c-> <c- u>"<3"</c-> <c- p>};</c-> <c- ow>new</c-> Headers<c- p>(</c->meta<c- p>);</c-> <c- c1>// The above is equivalent to</c-> <c- a>const</c-> meta2 <c- o>=</c-> <c- p>[</c-> <c- p>[</c-> <c- u>"Content-Type"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- u>"text/xml"</c-> <c- p>],</c-> <c- p>[</c-> <c- u>"Breaking-Bad"</c-><c- p>,</c-> <c- u>"<3"</c-> <c- p>]</c-> <c- p>];</c-> <c- ow>new</c-> Headers<c- p>(</c->meta2<c- p>);</c-> </code></pre> </div> <dt><code><var>headers</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-append" id="ref-for-dom-headers-append①">append</a>(<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>)</code> <dd> Appends a header to <var>headers</var>. <dt><code><var>headers</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-delete" id="ref-for-dom-headers-delete①">delete</a>(<var>name</var>)</code> <dd> Removes a header from <var>headers</var>. <dt><code><var>headers</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-get" id="ref-for-dom-headers-get①">get</a>(<var>name</var>)</code> <dd> Returns as a string the values of all headers whose name is <var>name</var>, separated by a comma and a space. <dt><code><var>headers</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-getsetcookie" id="ref-for-dom-headers-getsetcookie①">getSetCookie</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a list of the values for all headers whose name is `<code>Set-Cookie</code>`. <dt><code><var>headers</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-has" id="ref-for-dom-headers-has①">has</a>(<var>name</var>)</code> <dd> Returns whether there is a header whose name is <var>name</var>. <dt><code><var>headers</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-set" id="ref-for-dom-headers-set①">set</a>(<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>)</code> <dd> Replaces the value of the first header whose name is <var>name</var> with <var>value</var> and removes any remaining headers whose name is <var>name</var>. <dt><code>for(const [<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>] of <var>headers</var>)</code> <dd> <var>headers</var> can be iterated over. </dl> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="validate" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="headers-validate">validate</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤⑥">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) for a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers④">Headers</a></code> object <var>headers</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>name</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name①⑨">header name</a> or <var>value</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value⑨">header value</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard">guard</a> is "<code>immutable</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror③">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①">guard</a> is "<code>request</code>" and (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-request-header" id="ref-for-forbidden-request-header①">forbidden request-header</a>, then return false. <li> If <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard②">guard</a> is "<code>response</code>" and <var>name</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-response-header-name" id="ref-for-forbidden-response-header-name②">forbidden response-header name</a>, then return false. <li> Return true. </ol> </div> Steps for "<code>request-no-cors</code>" are not shared as you cannot have a fake value (for <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-headers-delete" id="ref-for-dom-headers-delete②">delete()</a></code>) that always succeeds in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-request-header" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-request-header③">CORS-safelisted request-header</a>. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="append" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-headers-append">append</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤⑦">header</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers⑤">Headers</a></code> object <var>headers</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value-normalize" id="ref-for-concept-header-value-normalize">Normalize</a> <var>value</var>. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#headers-validate" id="ref-for-headers-validate">validating</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) for <var>headers</var> returns false, then return. <li> If <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard③">guard</a> is "<code>request-no-cors</code>": <ol> <li> Let <var>temporaryValue</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get⑦">getting</a> <var>name</var> from <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list">header list</a>. <li> If <var>temporaryValue</var> is null, then set <var>temporaryValue</var> to <var>value</var>. <li> Otherwise, set <var>temporaryValue</var> to <var>temporaryValue</var>, followed by 0x2C 0x20, followed by <var>value</var>. <li> If (<var>name</var>, <var>temporaryValue</var>) is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#no-cors-safelisted-request-header" id="ref-for-no-cors-safelisted-request-header">no-CORS-safelisted request-header</a>, then return. </ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append②①">Append</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①">header list</a>. <li> If <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard④">guard</a> is "<code>request-no-cors</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers" id="ref-for-concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers">remove privileged no-CORS request-headers</a> from <var>headers</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="fill" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-headers-fill">fill</dfn> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers⑥">Headers</a></code> object <var>headers</var> with a given object <var>object</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>object</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence" id="ref-for-idl-sequence③">sequence</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①④">for each</a> <var>header</var> of <var>object</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>header</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-size" id="ref-for-list-size">size</a> is not 2, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw②">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror④">TypeError</a></code>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-append" id="ref-for-concept-headers-append">Append</a> (<var>header</var>[0], <var>header</var>[1]) to <var>headers</var>. </ol> <li> Otherwise, <var>object</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="ref-for-sec-list-and-record-specification-type②">record</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-iterate" id="ref-for-map-iterate">for each</a> <var>key</var> → <var>value</var> of <var>object</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-append" id="ref-for-concept-headers-append①">append</a> (<var>key</var>, <var>value</var>) to <var>headers</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="remove privileged no-CORS request-headers" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers">remove privileged no-CORS request-headers</dfn> from a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers⑦">Headers</a></code> object (<var>headers</var>), run these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①⑤">For each</a> <var>headerName</var> of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#privileged-no-cors-request-header-name" id="ref-for-privileged-no-cors-request-header-name">privileged no-CORS request-header names</a>: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-delete" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-delete②">Delete</a> <var>headerName</var> from <var>headers</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list②">header list</a>. </ol> </ol> This is called when headers are modified by unprivileged code. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="Headers(init)" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="constructor" data-export data-lt="Headers(init)|constructor(init)|Headers()|constructor()" id="dom-headers"><code>new Headers(<var>init</var>)</code></dfn> constructor steps are: <ol> <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard⑤">guard</a> to "<code>none</code>". <li> If <var>init</var> is given, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-fill" id="ref-for-concept-headers-fill">fill</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①">this</a> with <var>init</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="append(name, value)" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-headers-append"><code>append(<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-append" id="ref-for-concept-headers-append②">append</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②">this</a>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="delete(name)" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-headers-delete"><code>delete(<var>name</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#headers-validate" id="ref-for-headers-validate①">validating</a> (<var>name</var>, ``) for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③">this</a> returns false, then return. Passing a dummy <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-value" id="ref-for-header-value①⓪">header value</a> ought not to have any negative repercussions. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard⑥">guard</a> is "<code>request-no-cors</code>", <var>name</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#no-cors-safelisted-request-header-name" id="ref-for-no-cors-safelisted-request-header-name①">no-CORS-safelisted request-header name</a>, and <var>name</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#privileged-no-cors-request-header-name" id="ref-for-privileged-no-cors-request-header-name①">privileged no-CORS request-header name</a>, then return. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list③">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②③">does not contain</a> <var>name</var>, then return. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-delete" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-delete③">Delete</a> <var>name</var> from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list④">header list</a>. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard⑦">guard</a> is "<code>request-no-cors</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers" id="ref-for-concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers①">remove privileged no-CORS request-headers</a> from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧">this</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="get(name)" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-headers-get"><code>get(<var>name</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> If <var>name</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name②⓪">header name</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw③">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror⑤">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-get" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get⑧">getting</a> <var>name</var> from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list⑤">header list</a>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="getSetCookie()" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-headers-getsetcookie"><code>getSetCookie()</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①⓪">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list⑥">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②④">does not contain</a> `<code>Set-Cookie</code>`, then return « ». <li> Return the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value" id="ref-for-concept-header-value②①">values</a> of all <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤⑧">headers</a> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①①">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list⑦">header list</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-name" id="ref-for-concept-header-name②③">name</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-byte-case-insensitive①⑧">byte-case-insensitive</a> match for `<code>Set-Cookie</code>`, in order. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="has(name)" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-headers-has"><code>has(<var>name</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> If <var>name</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-name" id="ref-for-header-name②①">header name</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw④">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror⑥">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Return true if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list⑧">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②⑤">contains</a> <var>name</var>; otherwise false. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="set(name, value)" data-algorithm-for="Headers"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Headers" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-headers-set"><code>set(<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-value-normalize" id="ref-for-concept-header-value-normalize①">Normalize</a> <var>value</var>. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#headers-validate" id="ref-for-headers-validate②">validating</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①③">this</a> returns false, then return. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard⑧">guard</a> is "<code>request-no-cors</code>" and (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#no-cors-safelisted-request-header" id="ref-for-no-cors-safelisted-request-header①">no-CORS-safelisted request-header</a>, then return. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-set" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-set①">Set</a> (<var>name</var>, <var>value</var>) in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list⑨">header list</a>. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard⑨">guard</a> is "<code>request-no-cors</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers" id="ref-for-concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers②">remove privileged no-CORS request-headers</a> from <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①⑦">this</a>. </ol> </div> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-value-pairs-to-iterate-over" id="ref-for-dfn-value-pairs-to-iterate-over">value pairs to iterate over</a> are the return value of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-sort-and-combine" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-sort-and-combine">sort and combine</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①⓪">header list</a>. <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="5.2" id="bodyinit-unions">5.2. BodyInit unions<a class="self-link" href="#bodyinit-unions"></a></h3> <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob③"><c- n>Blob</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#BufferSource" id="ref-for-BufferSource"><c- n>BufferSource</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata" id="ref-for-formdata①"><c- n>FormData</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlsearchparams" id="ref-for-urlsearchparams"><c- n>URLSearchParams</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a>) <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="typedef" data-export id="typedefdef-xmlhttprequestbodyinit"><code><c- g>XMLHttpRequestBodyInit</c-></code></dfn>; <c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream④"><c- n>ReadableStream</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-xmlhttprequestbodyinit" id="ref-for-typedefdef-xmlhttprequestbodyinit"><c- n>XMLHttpRequestBodyInit</c-></a>) <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="typedef" data-export id="bodyinit"><code><c- g>BodyInit</c-></code></dfn>;</pre> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="BodyInit" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="bodyinit-safely-extract">safely extract</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type" id="ref-for-body-with-type">body with type</a> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence①⑨">byte sequence</a> or <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#bodyinit" id="ref-for-bodyinit">BodyInit</a></code> object <var>object</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>object</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream⑤">ReadableStream</a></code> object, then: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②②">Assert</a>: <var>object</var> is neither <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#is-readable-stream-disturbed" id="ref-for-is-readable-stream-disturbed">disturbed</a> nor <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-locked" id="ref-for-readablestream-locked">locked</a>. </ol> <li> Return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-bodyinit-extract" id="ref-for-concept-bodyinit-extract">extracting</a> <var>object</var>. </ol> The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bodyinit-safely-extract" id="ref-for-bodyinit-safely-extract⑥">safely extract</a> operation is a subset of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-bodyinit-extract" id="ref-for-concept-bodyinit-extract①">extract</a> operation that is guaranteed to not throw an exception. To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="BodyInit" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-bodyinit-extract">extract</dfn> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type" id="ref-for-body-with-type①">body with type</a> from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②⓪">byte sequence</a> or <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#bodyinit" id="ref-for-bodyinit①">BodyInit</a></code> object <var>object</var>, with an optional boolean <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="BodyInit/extract" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="keepalive"><var>keepalive</var></dfn> (default false), run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>stream</var> be null. <li> If <var>object</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream⑥">ReadableStream</a></code> object, then set <var>stream</var> to <var>object</var>. <li> Otherwise, if <var>object</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob④">Blob</a></code> object, set <var>stream</var> to the result of running <var>object</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#blob-get-stream" id="ref-for-blob-get-stream">get stream</a>. <li> Otherwise, set <var>stream</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new①">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream⑦">ReadableStream</a></code> object, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-set-up-with-byte-reading-support" id="ref-for-readablestream-set-up-with-byte-reading-support①">set up</a> <var>stream</var> with byte reading support. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②③">Assert</a>: <var>stream</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream⑧">ReadableStream</a></code> object. <li> Let <var>action</var> be null. <li> Let <var>source</var> be null. <li> Let <var>length</var> be null. <li> Let <var>type</var> be null. <li> Switch on <var>object</var>: <dl class="switch"> <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob⑤">Blob</a></code> <dd> Set <var>source</var> to <var>object</var>. Set <var>length</var> to <var>object</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-size" id="ref-for-dfn-size②">size</a></code>. If <var>object</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-type" id="ref-for-dfn-type①">type</a></code> attribute is not the empty byte sequence, set <var>type</var> to its value. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②①">byte sequence</a> <dd> Set <var>source</var> to <var>object</var>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#BufferSource" id="ref-for-BufferSource①">BufferSource</a></code> <dd> Set <var>source</var> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-get-buffer-source-copy" id="ref-for-dfn-get-buffer-source-copy①">copy of the bytes</a> held by <var>object</var>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata" id="ref-for-formdata②">FormData</a></code> <dd> Set <var>action</var> to this step: run the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/form-control-infrastructure.html#multipart%2Fform-data-encoding-algorithm" id="ref-for-multipart%2Fform-data-encoding-algorithm"><code>multipart/form-data</code> encoding algorithm</a>, with <var>object</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-formdata-entry-list" id="ref-for-concept-formdata-entry-list">entry list</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8" id="ref-for-utf-8①">UTF-8</a>. Set <var>source</var> to <var>object</var>. Set <var>length</var> to unclear, see <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/html/issues/6424">html/6424</a> for improving this. Set <var>type</var> to `<code>multipart/form-data; boundary=</code>`, followed by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/form-control-infrastructure.html#multipart%2Fform-data-boundary-string" id="ref-for-multipart%2Fform-data-boundary-string"><code>multipart/form-data</code> boundary string</a> generated by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/form-control-infrastructure.html#multipart%2Fform-data-encoding-algorithm" id="ref-for-multipart%2Fform-data-encoding-algorithm①"><code>multipart/form-data</code> encoding algorithm</a>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlsearchparams" id="ref-for-urlsearchparams①">URLSearchParams</a></code> <dd> Set <var>source</var> to the result of running the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-urlencoded-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-urlencoded-serializer"><code>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code> serializer</a> with <var>object</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-urlsearchparams-list" id="ref-for-concept-urlsearchparams-list">list</a>. Set <var>type</var> to `<code>application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8</code>`. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#scalar-value-string" id="ref-for-scalar-value-string">scalar value string</a> <dd> Set <var>source</var> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8-encode" id="ref-for-utf-8-encode">UTF-8 encoding</a> of <var>object</var>. Set <var>type</var> to `<code>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</code>`. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream⑨">ReadableStream</a></code> <dd> If <var>keepalive</var> is true, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw⑤">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror⑦">TypeError</a></code>. If <var>object</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#is-readable-stream-disturbed" id="ref-for-is-readable-stream-disturbed①">disturbed</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-locked" id="ref-for-readablestream-locked①">locked</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw⑥">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror⑧">TypeError</a></code>. </dl> <li> If <var>source</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②②">byte sequence</a>, then set <var>action</var> to a step that returns <var>source</var> and <var>length</var> to <var>source</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence-length" id="ref-for-byte-sequence-length⑤">length</a>. <li> If <var>action</var> is non-null, then run these steps <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel⑦">in parallel</a>: <ol> <li> Run <var>action</var>. Whenever one or more bytes are available and <var>stream</var> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-errored" id="ref-for-readablestream-errored①">errored</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-enqueue" id="ref-for-readablestream-enqueue③">enqueue</a> the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#arraybufferview-create" id="ref-for-arraybufferview-create">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-Uint8Array" id="ref-for-idl-Uint8Array②">Uint8Array</a></code> from the available bytes into <var>stream</var>. When running <var>action</var> is done, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-close" id="ref-for-readablestream-close①">close</a> <var>stream</var>. </ol> <li> Let <var>body</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body①②">body</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①④">stream</a> is <var>stream</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source①③">source</a> is <var>source</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-total-bytes" id="ref-for-concept-body-total-bytes③">length</a> is <var>length</var>. <li> Return (<var>body</var>, <var>type</var>). </ol> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="5.3" id="body-mixin">5.3. Body mixin<a class="self-link" href="#body-mixin"></a></h3> <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>interface</c-> <c- b>mixin</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="interface" data-export id="body"><code><c- g>Body</c-></code></dfn> { <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream①⓪"><c- n>ReadableStream</c-></a>? <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ReadableStream?" href="#dom-body-body" id="ref-for-dom-body-body"><c- g>body</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean①"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-body-bodyused" id="ref-for-dom-body-bodyused"><c- g>bodyUsed</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ArrayBuffer" id="ref-for-idl-ArrayBuffer"><c- b>ArrayBuffer</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-arraybuffer" id="ref-for-dom-body-arraybuffer"><c- g>arrayBuffer</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject①"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise①"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob⑥"><c- n>Blob</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-blob" id="ref-for-dom-body-blob"><c- g>blob</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject②"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise②"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-Uint8Array" id="ref-for-idl-Uint8Array③"><c- b>Uint8Array</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-bytes" id="ref-for-dom-body-bytes"><c- g>bytes</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject③"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise③"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata" id="ref-for-formdata③"><c- n>FormData</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-formdata" id="ref-for-dom-body-formdata"><c- g>formData</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject④"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise④"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-any" id="ref-for-idl-any"><c- b>any</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-json" id="ref-for-dom-body-json"><c- g>json</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject⑤"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise⑤"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString①"><c- b>USVString</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-text" id="ref-for-dom-body-text"><c- g>text</c-></a>(); };</pre> Formats you would not want a network layer to be dependent upon, such as HTML, will likely not be exposed here. Rather, an HTML parser API might accept a stream in due course. Objects including the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#body" id="ref-for-body">Body</a></code> interface mixin have an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-body-body">body</dfn> (null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body①③">body</a>). An object including the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#body" id="ref-for-body①">Body</a></code> interface mixin is said to be <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="body-unusable">unusable</dfn> if its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body">body</a> is non-null and its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body①">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①⑤">stream</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#is-readable-stream-disturbed" id="ref-for-is-readable-stream-disturbed②">disturbed</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-locked" id="ref-for-readablestream-locked②">locked</a>. <hr> <dl class="domintro"> <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-body-body" id="ref-for-dom-body-body①">body</a></code> <dd> Returns <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream①①">ReadableStream</a></code>. <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-body-bodyused" id="ref-for-dom-body-bodyused①">bodyUsed</a></code> <dd> Returns whether <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body has been read from. <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-arraybuffer" id="ref-for-dom-body-arraybuffer①">arrayBuffer</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a promise fulfilled with <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ArrayBuffer" id="ref-for-idl-ArrayBuffer①">ArrayBuffer</a></code>. <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-blob" id="ref-for-dom-body-blob①">blob</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a promise fulfilled with <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob⑦">Blob</a></code>. <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-bytes" id="ref-for-dom-body-bytes①">bytes</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a promise fulfilled with <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-Uint8Array" id="ref-for-idl-Uint8Array④">Uint8Array</a></code>. <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-formdata" id="ref-for-dom-body-formdata①">formData</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a promise fulfilled with <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata" id="ref-for-formdata④">FormData</a></code>. <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-json" id="ref-for-dom-body-json①">json</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a promise fulfilled with <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body parsed as JSON. <dt><code><var>requestOrResponse</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-text" id="ref-for-dom-body-text①">text</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a promise fulfilled with <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s body as string. </dl> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="get the MIME type" data-algorithm-for="Body"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-body-mime-type">get the MIME type</dfn>, given a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①">Request</a></code> or <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①">Response</a></code> object <var>requestOrResponse</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>headers</var> be null. <li> If <var>requestOrResponse</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request②">Request</a></code> object, then set <var>headers</var> to <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④⑤">header list</a>. <li> Otherwise, set <var>headers</var> to <var>requestOrResponse</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③②">header list</a>. <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type⑧">extracting a MIME type</a> from <var>headers</var>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var> is failure, then return null. <li> Return <var>mimeType</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="body" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-body-body"><code>body</code></dfn> getter steps are to return null if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body②">body</a> is null; otherwise <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②⓪">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body③">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①⑥">stream</a>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="bodyUsed" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-body-bodyused"><code>bodyUsed</code></dfn> getter steps are to return true if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②①">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body④">body</a> is non-null and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body⑤">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①⑦">stream</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#is-readable-stream-disturbed" id="ref-for-is-readable-stream-disturbed③">disturbed</a>; otherwise false. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="consume body" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="concept-body-consume-body">consume body</dfn> algorithm, given an object that includes <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#body" id="ref-for-body②">Body</a></code> <var>object</var> and an algorithm that takes a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②③">byte sequence</a> and returns a JavaScript value or throws an exception <var>convertBytesToJSValue</var>, runs these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>object</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-unusable" id="ref-for-body-unusable">unusable</a>, then return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#a-promise-rejected-with" id="ref-for-a-promise-rejected-with">a promise rejected with</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror⑨">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Let <var>promise</var> be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#a-new-promise" id="ref-for-a-new-promise①">a new promise</a>. <li>Let <var>errorSteps</var> given <var>error</var> be to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject">reject</a> <var>promise</var> with <var>error</var>. <li>Let <var>successSteps</var> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②④">byte sequence</a> <var>data</var> be to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#resolve" id="ref-for-resolve①">resolve</a> <var>promise</var> with the result of running <var>convertBytesToJSValue</var> with <var>data</var>. If that threw an exception, then run <var>errorSteps</var> with that exception. <li> If <var>object</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body⑥">body</a> is null, then run <var>successSteps</var> with an empty <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②⑤">byte sequence</a>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-fully-read" id="ref-for-body-fully-read②">fully read</a> <var>object</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body⑦">body</a> given <var>successSteps</var>, <var>errorSteps</var>, and <var>object</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-global" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-global">relevant global object</a>. <li> Return <var>promise</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="arrayBuffer()" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-body-arraybuffer"><code>arrayBuffer()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-consume-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-consume-body">consume body</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②③">this</a> and the following step given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②⑥">byte sequence</a> <var>bytes</var>: return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#arraybuffer-create" id="ref-for-arraybuffer-create">creating</a> an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ArrayBuffer" id="ref-for-idl-ArrayBuffer②">ArrayBuffer</a></code> from <var>bytes</var> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm">relevant realm</a>. The above method can reject with a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-rangeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-rangeerror">RangeError</a></code>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="blob()" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-body-blob"><code>blob()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-consume-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-consume-body①">consume body</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②⑤">this</a> and the following step given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②⑦">byte sequence</a> <var>bytes</var>: return a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob" id="ref-for-dfn-Blob⑧">Blob</a></code> whose contents are <var>bytes</var> and whose <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-type" id="ref-for-dfn-type②">type</a></code> attribute is the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-body-mime-type">get the MIME type</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②⑥">this</a>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="bytes()" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-body-bytes"><code>bytes()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-consume-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-consume-body②">consume body</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②⑦">this</a> and the following step given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②⑧">byte sequence</a> <var>bytes</var>: return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#arraybufferview-create" id="ref-for-arraybufferview-create①">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-Uint8Array" id="ref-for-idl-Uint8Array⑤">Uint8Array</a></code> from <var>bytes</var> in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm①">relevant realm</a>. The above method can reject with a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-rangeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-rangeerror①">RangeError</a></code>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="formData()" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-body-formdata"><code>formData()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-consume-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-consume-body③">consume body</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②⑨">this</a> and the following steps given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence②⑨">byte sequence</a> <var>bytes</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-body-mime-type①">get the MIME type</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③⓪">this</a>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var> is non-null, then switch on <var>mimeType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type-essence" id="ref-for-mime-type-essence⑧">essence</a> and run the corresponding steps: <dl class="switch"> <dt>"<code>multipart/form-data</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> Parse <var>bytes</var>, using the value of the `<code>boundary</code>` parameter from <var>mimeType</var>, per the rules set forth in <cite>Returning Values from Forms: multipart/form-data</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc7578" title="Returning Values from Forms: multipart/form-data">[RFC7578]</a> Each part whose `<code>Content-Disposition</code>` header contains a `<code>filename</code>` parameter must be parsed into an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/form-control-infrastructure.html#form-entry" id="ref-for-form-entry">entry</a> whose value is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-file" id="ref-for-dfn-file">File</a></code> object whose contents are the contents of the part. The <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-name" id="ref-for-dfn-name">name</a></code> attribute of the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-file" id="ref-for-dfn-file①">File</a></code> object must have the value of the `<code>filename</code>` parameter of the part. The <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-type" id="ref-for-dfn-type③">type</a></code> attribute of the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-file" id="ref-for-dfn-file②">File</a></code> object must have the value of the `<code>Content-Type</code>` header of the part if the part has such header, and `<code>text/plain</code>` (the default defined by <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc7578" title="Returning Values from Forms: multipart/form-data">[RFC7578]</a> section 4.4) otherwise. Each part whose `<code>Content-Disposition</code>` header does not contain a `<code>filename</code>` parameter must be parsed into an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/form-control-infrastructure.html#form-entry" id="ref-for-form-entry①">entry</a> whose value is the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8-decode-without-bom" id="ref-for-utf-8-decode-without-bom">UTF-8 decoded without BOM</a> content of the part. This is done regardless of the presence or the value of a `<code>Content-Type</code>` header and regardless of the presence or the value of a `<code>charset</code>` parameter. A part whose `<code>Content-Disposition</code>` header contains a `<code>name</code>` parameter whose value is `<code>_charset_</code>` is parsed like any other part. It does not change the encoding. <li> If that fails for some reason, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw⑦">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①⓪">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Return a new <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata" id="ref-for-formdata⑤">FormData</a></code> object, appending each <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/form-control-infrastructure.html#form-entry" id="ref-for-form-entry②">entry</a>, resulting from the parsing operation, to its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-formdata-entry-list" id="ref-for-concept-formdata-entry-list①">entry list</a>. </ol> The above is a rough approximation of what is needed for `<code>multipart/form-data</code>`, a more detailed parsing specification is to be written. Volunteers welcome. <dt>"<code>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</code>" <dd> <ol> <li> Let <var>entries</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-urlencoded-parser" id="ref-for-concept-urlencoded-parser">parsing</a> <var>bytes</var>. <li> Return a new <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata" id="ref-for-formdata⑥">FormData</a></code> object whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-formdata-entry-list" id="ref-for-concept-formdata-entry-list②">entry list</a> is <var>entries</var>. </ol> </dl> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw⑧">Throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①①">TypeError</a></code>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="json()" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-body-json"><code>json()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-consume-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-consume-body④">consume body</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③①">this</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#parse-json-bytes-to-a-javascript-value" id="ref-for-parse-json-bytes-to-a-javascript-value">parse JSON from bytes</a>. The above method can reject with a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#syntaxerror" id="ref-for-syntaxerror">SyntaxError</a></code>. </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="text()" data-algorithm-for="Body"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Body" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-body-text"><code>text()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-consume-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-consume-body⑤">consume body</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③②">this</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8-decode" id="ref-for-utf-8-decode">UTF-8 decode</a>. </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="5.4" id="request-class">5.4. Request class<a class="self-link" href="#request-class"></a></h3> <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#request" id="ref-for-request③"><c- n>Request</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString②"><c- b>USVString</c-></a>) <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="typedef" data-export id="requestinfo"><code><c- g>RequestInfo</c-></code></dfn>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#Exposed" id="ref-for-Exposed①"><c- g>Exposed</c-></a>=(<c- n>Window</c->,<c- n>Worker</c->)] <c- b>interface</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="interface" data-export id="request"><code><c- g>Request</c-></code></dfn> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-request" id="ref-for-dom-request"><c- g>constructor</c-></a>(<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinfo" id="ref-for-requestinfo"><c- n>RequestInfo</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request/Request(input, init), Request/constructor(input, init), Request/Request(input), Request/constructor(input)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-request-request-input-init-input"><code><c- g>input</c-></code></dfn>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinit" id="ref-for-requestinit"><c- n>RequestInit</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request/Request(input, init), Request/constructor(input, init), Request/Request(input), Request/constructor(input)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-request-request-input-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></dfn> = {}); <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①④"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ByteString" href="#dom-request-method" id="ref-for-dom-request-method"><c- g>method</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString③"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="USVString" href="#dom-request-url" id="ref-for-dom-request-url"><c- g>url</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#SameObject" id="ref-for-SameObject"><c- g>SameObject</c-></a>] <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers⑧"><c- n>Headers</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="Headers" href="#dom-request-headers" id="ref-for-dom-request-headers"><c- g>headers</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestdestination" id="ref-for-requestdestination①"><c- n>RequestDestination</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestDestination" href="#dom-request-destination" id="ref-for-dom-request-destination"><c- g>destination</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString④"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="USVString" href="#dom-request-referrer" id="ref-for-dom-request-referrer"><c- g>referrer</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#enumdef-referrerpolicy" id="ref-for-enumdef-referrerpolicy"><c- n>ReferrerPolicy</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ReferrerPolicy" href="#dom-request-referrerpolicy" id="ref-for-dom-request-referrerpolicy"><c- g>referrerPolicy</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestmode" id="ref-for-requestmode"><c- n>RequestMode</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestMode" href="#dom-request-mode" id="ref-for-dom-request-mode"><c- g>mode</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcredentials" id="ref-for-requestcredentials"><c- n>RequestCredentials</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestCredentials" href="#dom-request-credentials" id="ref-for-dom-request-credentials"><c- g>credentials</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcache" id="ref-for-requestcache"><c- n>RequestCache</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestCache" href="#dom-request-cache" id="ref-for-dom-request-cache"><c- g>cache</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestredirect" id="ref-for-requestredirect"><c- n>RequestRedirect</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestRedirect" href="#dom-request-redirect" id="ref-for-dom-request-redirect"><c- g>redirect</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMString" id="ref-for-idl-DOMString"><c- b>DOMString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="DOMString" href="#dom-request-integrity" id="ref-for-dom-request-integrity"><c- g>integrity</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean②"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-request-keepalive" id="ref-for-dom-request-keepalive"><c- g>keepalive</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean③"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-request-isreloadnavigation" id="ref-for-dom-request-isreloadnavigation"><c- g>isReloadNavigation</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean④"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-request-ishistorynavigation" id="ref-for-dom-request-ishistorynavigation"><c- g>isHistoryNavigation</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal"><c- n>AbortSignal</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="AbortSignal" href="#dom-request-signal" id="ref-for-dom-request-signal"><c- g>signal</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#enumdef-requestduplex" id="ref-for-enumdef-requestduplex"><c- n>RequestDuplex</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestDuplex" href="#dom-request-duplex" id="ref-for-dom-request-duplex"><c- g>duplex</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject⑥"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#request" id="ref-for-request④"><c- n>Request</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-request-clone" id="ref-for-dom-request-clone"><c- g>clone</c-></a>(); }; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#request" id="ref-for-request⑤"><c- n>Request</c-></a> <c- b>includes</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#body" id="ref-for-body③"><c- n>Body</c-></a>; <c- b>dictionary</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="dictionary" data-export id="requestinit"><code><c- g>RequestInit</c-></code></dfn> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①⑤"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="ByteString" id="dom-requestinit-method"><code><c- g>method</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-headersinit" id="ref-for-typedefdef-headersinit①"><c- n>HeadersInit</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="HeadersInit" id="dom-requestinit-headers"><code><c- g>headers</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#bodyinit" id="ref-for-bodyinit②"><c- n>BodyInit</c-></a>? <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="BodyInit?" id="dom-requestinit-body"><code><c- g>body</c-></code></dfn>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString⑤"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="USVString" id="dom-requestinit-referrer"><code><c- g>referrer</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#enumdef-referrerpolicy" id="ref-for-enumdef-referrerpolicy①"><c- n>ReferrerPolicy</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="ReferrerPolicy" id="dom-requestinit-referrerpolicy"><code><c- g>referrerPolicy</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestmode" id="ref-for-requestmode①"><c- n>RequestMode</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="RequestMode" id="dom-requestinit-mode"><code><c- g>mode</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcredentials" id="ref-for-requestcredentials①"><c- n>RequestCredentials</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="RequestCredentials" id="dom-requestinit-credentials"><code><c- g>credentials</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcache" id="ref-for-requestcache①"><c- n>RequestCache</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="RequestCache" id="dom-requestinit-cache"><code><c- g>cache</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestredirect" id="ref-for-requestredirect①"><c- n>RequestRedirect</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="RequestRedirect" id="dom-requestinit-redirect"><code><c- g>redirect</c-></code></dfn>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMString" id="ref-for-idl-DOMString①"><c- b>DOMString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="DOMString" id="dom-requestinit-integrity"><code><c- g>integrity</c-></code></dfn>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean⑤"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="boolean" id="dom-requestinit-keepalive"><code><c- g>keepalive</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal①"><c- n>AbortSignal</c-></a>? <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="AbortSignal?" id="dom-requestinit-signal"><code><c- g>signal</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#enumdef-requestduplex" id="ref-for-enumdef-requestduplex①"><c- n>RequestDuplex</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="RequestDuplex" id="dom-requestinit-duplex"><code><c- g>duplex</c-></code></dfn>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#enumdef-requestpriority" id="ref-for-enumdef-requestpriority"><c- n>RequestPriority</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="RequestPriority" id="dom-requestinit-priority"><code><c- g>priority</c-></code></dfn>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-any" id="ref-for-idl-any①"><c- b>any</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="any" id="dom-requestinit-window"><code><c- g>window</c-></code></dfn>; // can only be set to null }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="requestdestination"><code><c- g>RequestDestination</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination"><code><c- s>""</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-audio"><code><c- s>"audio"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-audioworklet"><code><c- s>"audioworklet"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-document"><code><c- s>"document"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-embed"><code><c- s>"embed"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-font"><code><c- s>"font"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-frame"><code><c- s>"frame"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-iframe"><code><c- s>"iframe"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-image"><code><c- s>"image"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-json"><code><c- s>"json"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-manifest"><code><c- s>"manifest"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-object"><code><c- s>"object"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-paintworklet"><code><c- s>"paintworklet"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-report"><code><c- s>"report"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-script"><code><c- s>"script"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-sharedworker"><code><c- s>"sharedworker"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-style"><code><c- s>"style"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-track"><code><c- s>"track"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-video"><code><c- s>"video"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-worker"><code><c- s>"worker"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDestination" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestdestination-xslt"><code><c- s>"xslt"</c-></code></dfn> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="requestmode"><code><c- g>RequestMode</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestMode" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestmode-navigate"><code><c- s>"navigate"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestMode" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestmode-same-origin"><code><c- s>"same-origin"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestMode" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestmode-no-cors"><code><c- s>"no-cors"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestMode" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestmode-cors"><code><c- s>"cors"</c-></code></dfn> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="requestcredentials"><code><c- g>RequestCredentials</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCredentials" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcredentials-omit"><code><c- s>"omit"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCredentials" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcredentials-same-origin"><code><c- s>"same-origin"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCredentials" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcredentials-include"><code><c- s>"include"</c-></code></dfn> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="requestcache"><code><c- g>RequestCache</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCache" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcache-default"><code><c- s>"default"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCache" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcache-no-store"><code><c- s>"no-store"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCache" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcache-reload"><code><c- s>"reload"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCache" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcache-no-cache"><code><c- s>"no-cache"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCache" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcache-force-cache"><code><c- s>"force-cache"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestCache" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestcache-only-if-cached"><code><c- s>"only-if-cached"</c-></code></dfn> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="requestredirect"><code><c- g>RequestRedirect</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestRedirect" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestredirect-follow"><code><c- s>"follow"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestRedirect" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestredirect-error"><code><c- s>"error"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestRedirect" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestredirect-manual"><code><c- s>"manual"</c-></code></dfn> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="enumdef-requestduplex"><code><c- g>RequestDuplex</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestDuplex" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestduplex-half"><code><c- s>"half"</c-></code></dfn> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="enumdef-requestpriority"><code><c- g>RequestPriority</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestPriority" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestpriority-high"><code><c- s>"high"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestPriority" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestpriority-low"><code><c- s>"low"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="RequestPriority" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-requestpriority-auto"><code><c- s>"auto"</c-></code></dfn> }; </pre> "<code>serviceworker</code>" is omitted from <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="enum" href="#requestdestination" id="ref-for-requestdestination②"><code>RequestDestination</code></a> as it cannot be observed from JavaScript. Implementations will still need to support it as a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination②⓪">destination</a>. "<code>websocket</code>" is omitted from <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="enum" href="#requestmode" id="ref-for-requestmode②"><code>RequestMode</code></a> as it cannot be used nor observed from JavaScript. A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request⑥">Request</a></code> object has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-request-request">request</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①②">request</a>). A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request⑦">Request</a></code> object also has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="request-headers">headers</dfn> (null or a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers⑨">Headers</a></code> object), initially null. A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request⑧">Request</a></code> object has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="request-signal">signal</dfn> (null or an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal②">AbortSignal</a></code> object), initially null. A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request⑨">Request</a></code> object’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body⑧">body</a> is its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④④">body</a>. <hr> <dl class="domintro"> <dt><code><var>request</var> = new <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-request" id="ref-for-dom-request①">Request</a>(<var>input</var> [, <var>init</var>])</code> <dd> Returns a new <var>request</var> whose <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-url" id="ref-for-dom-request-url①">url</a></code> property is <var>input</var> if <var>input</var> is a string, and <var>input</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-url" id="ref-for-dom-request-url②">url</a></code> if <var>input</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①⓪">Request</a></code> object. The <var>init</var> argument is an object whose properties can be set as follows: <dl> <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-method" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-method">method</a></code> <dd>A string to set <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-method" id="ref-for-dom-request-method①">method</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-headers" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-headers">headers</a></code> <dd>A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①⓪">Headers</a></code> object, an object literal, or an array of two-item arrays to set <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-headers" id="ref-for-dom-request-headers①">headers</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-body" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-body">body</a></code> <dd>A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#bodyinit" id="ref-for-bodyinit③">BodyInit</a></code> object or null to set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④⑤">body</a>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-referrer" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-referrer">referrer</a></code> <dd>A string whose value is a same-origin URL, "<code>about:client</code>", or the empty string, to set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer⑧">referrer</a>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-referrerpolicy" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-referrerpolicy">referrerPolicy</a></code> <dd>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#referrer-policy" id="ref-for-referrer-policy①">referrer policy</a> to set <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-referrerpolicy" id="ref-for-dom-request-referrerpolicy①">referrerPolicy</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-mode" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-mode">mode</a></code> <dd>A string to indicate whether the request will use CORS, or will be restricted to same-origin URLs. Sets <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-mode" id="ref-for-dom-request-mode①">mode</a></code>. If <var>input</var> is a string, it defaults to "<code>cors</code>". <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-credentials" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-credentials">credentials</a></code> <dd>A string indicating whether credentials will be sent with the request always, never, or only when sent to a same-origin URL — as well as whether any credentials sent back in the response will be used always, never, or only when received from a same-origin URL. Sets <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-credentials" id="ref-for-dom-request-credentials①">credentials</a></code>. If <var>input</var> is a string, it defaults to "<code>same-origin</code>". <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-cache" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-cache">cache</a></code> <dd>A string indicating how the request will interact with the browser’s cache to set <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-cache" id="ref-for-dom-request-cache①">cache</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-redirect" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-redirect">redirect</a></code> <dd>A string indicating whether <var>request</var> follows redirects, results in an error upon encountering a redirect, or returns the redirect (in an opaque fashion). Sets <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-redirect" id="ref-for-dom-request-redirect①">redirect</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-integrity" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-integrity">integrity</a></code> <dd>A cryptographic hash of the resource to be fetched by <var>request</var>. Sets <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-integrity" id="ref-for-dom-request-integrity①">integrity</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-keepalive" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-keepalive">keepalive</a></code> <dd>A boolean to set <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-keepalive" id="ref-for-dom-request-keepalive①">keepalive</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-signal" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-signal">signal</a></code> <dd>An <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal③">AbortSignal</a></code> to set <var>request</var>’s <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-request-signal" id="ref-for-dom-request-signal①">signal</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-window" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-window">window</a></code> <dd>Can only be null. Used to disassociate <var>request</var> from any <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#window" id="ref-for-window②">Window</a></code>. <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-duplex" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-duplex">duplex</a></code> <dd>"<code>half</code>" is the only valid value and it is for initiating a half-duplex fetch (i.e., the user agent sends the entire request before processing the response). "<code>full</code>" is reserved for future use, for initiating a full-duplex fetch (i.e., the user agent can process the response before sending the entire request). This member needs to be set when <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-body" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-body①">body</a></code> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream①②">ReadableStream</a></code> object. See <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/1254">issue #1254</a> for defining "<code>full</code>". <dt><code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-priority" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-priority">priority</a></code> <dd>A string to set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-priority" id="ref-for-request-priority①">priority</a>. </dl> <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-method" id="ref-for-dom-request-method②">method</a></code> <dd>Returns <var>request</var>’s HTTP method, which is "<code>GET</code>" by default. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-url" id="ref-for-dom-request-url③">url</a></code> <dd>Returns the URL of <var>request</var> as a string. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-headers" id="ref-for-dom-request-headers②">headers</a></code> <dd>Returns a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①①">Headers</a></code> object consisting of the headers associated with <var>request</var>. Note that headers added in the network layer by the user agent will not be accounted for in this object, e.g., the "<code>Host</code>" header. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-destination" id="ref-for-dom-request-destination①">destination</a></code> <dd>Returns the kind of resource requested by <var>request</var>, e.g., "<code>document</code>" or "<code>script</code>". <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-referrer" id="ref-for-dom-request-referrer①">referrer</a></code> <dd>Returns the referrer of <var>request</var>. Its value can be a same-origin URL if explicitly set in <var>init</var>, the empty string to indicate no referrer, and "<code>about:client</code>" when defaulting to the global’s default. This is used during fetching to determine the value of the `<code>Referer</code>` header of the request being made. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-referrerpolicy" id="ref-for-dom-request-referrerpolicy②">referrerPolicy</a></code> <dd>Returns the referrer policy associated with <var>request</var>. This is used during fetching to compute the value of the <var>request</var>’s referrer. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-mode" id="ref-for-dom-request-mode②">mode</a></code> <dd>Returns the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②④">mode</a> associated with <var>request</var>, which is a string indicating whether the request will use CORS, or will be restricted to same-origin URLs. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-credentials" id="ref-for-dom-request-credentials②">credentials</a></code> <dd>Returns the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode②⓪">credentials mode</a> associated with <var>request</var>, which is a string indicating whether credentials will be sent with the request always, never, or only when sent to a same-origin URL. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-cache" id="ref-for-dom-request-cache②">cache</a></code> <dd>Returns the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①①">cache mode</a> associated with <var>request</var>, which is a string indicating how the request will interact with the browser’s cache when fetching. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-redirect" id="ref-for-dom-request-redirect②">redirect</a></code> <dd>Returns the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode⑧">redirect mode</a> associated with <var>request</var>, which is a string indicating how redirects for the request will be handled during fetching. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①③">request</a> will follow redirects by default. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-integrity" id="ref-for-dom-request-integrity②">integrity</a></code> <dd>Returns <var>request</var>’s subresource integrity metadata, which is a cryptographic hash of the resource being fetched. Its value consists of multiple hashes separated by whitespace. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-sri" title="Subresource Integrity">[SRI]</a> <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-keepalive" id="ref-for-dom-request-keepalive②">keepalive</a></code> <dd>Returns a boolean indicating whether or not <var>request</var> can outlive the global in which it was created. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-isreloadnavigation" id="ref-for-dom-request-isreloadnavigation①">isReloadNavigation</a></code> <dd>Returns a boolean indicating whether or not <var>request</var> is for a reload navigation. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-ishistorynavigation" id="ref-for-dom-request-ishistorynavigation①">isHistoryNavigation</a></code> <dd>Returns a boolean indicating whether or not <var>request</var> is for a history navigation (a.k.a. back-foward navigation). <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-signal" id="ref-for-dom-request-signal②">signal</a></code> <dd>Returns the signal associated with <var>request</var>, which is an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal④">AbortSignal</a></code> object indicating whether or not <var>request</var> has been aborted, and its abort event handler. <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-request-duplex" id="ref-for-dom-request-duplex①">duplex</a></code> <dd>Returns "<code>half</code>", meaning the fetch will be half-duplex (i.e., the user agent sends the entire request before processing the response). In future, it could also return "<code>full</code>", meaning the fetch will be full-duplex (i.e., the user agent can process the response before sending the entire request) to indicate that the fetch will be full-duplex. See <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/1254">issue #1254</a> for defining "<code>full</code>". <dt><code><var>request</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-request-clone" id="ref-for-dom-request-clone①">clone</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a clone of <var>request</var>. </dl> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="create" data-algorithm-for="Request"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="create|creating" id="request-create">create</dfn> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①①">Request</a></code> object, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①④">request</a> <var>request</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#headers-guard" id="ref-for-headers-guard①">headers guard</a> <var>guard</var>, <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal⑤">AbortSignal</a></code> object <var>signal</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#realm" id="ref-for-realm②">realm</a> <var>realm</var>: <ol> <li> Let <var>requestObject</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new②">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①②">Request</a></code> object with <var>realm</var>. <li> Set <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②">request</a> to <var>request</var>. <li> Set <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers">headers</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new③">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①②">Headers</a></code> object with <var>realm</var>, whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①①">headers list</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④⑥">headers list</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①⓪">guard</a> is <var>guard</var>. <li> Set <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal">signal</a> to <var>signal</var>. <li> Return <var>requestObject</var>. </ol> </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="Request(input, init)" data-algorithm-for="Request"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="constructor" data-export data-lt="Request(input, init)|constructor(input, init)|Request(input)|constructor(input)" id="dom-request"><code>new Request(<var>input</var>, <var>init</var>)</code></dfn> constructor steps are: <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be null. <li> Let <var>fallbackMode</var> be null. <li> Let <var>baseURL</var> be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③③">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object">relevant settings object</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#api-base-url" id="ref-for-api-base-url">API base URL</a>. <li> Let <var>signal</var> be null. <li> If <var>input</var> is a string, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>parsedURL</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-parser" id="ref-for-concept-url-parser①">parsing</a> <var>input</var> with <var>baseURL</var>. <li> If <var>parsedURL</var> is failure, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw⑨">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①②">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>parsedURL</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#include-credentials" id="ref-for-include-credentials④">includes credentials</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①⓪">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①③">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Set <var>request</var> to a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①⑤">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url⑥">URL</a> is <var>parsedURL</var>. <li> Set <var>fallbackMode</var> to "<code>cors</code>". </ol> <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②④">Assert</a>: <var>input</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①③">Request</a></code> object. <li> Set <var>request</var> to <var>input</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request③">request</a>. <li> Set <var>signal</var> to <var>input</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal①">signal</a>. </ol> <li> Let <var>origin</var> be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object①">relevant settings object</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-origin" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-origin②">origin</a>. <li> Let <var>window</var> be "<code>client</code>". <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window①②">window</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object①③">environment settings object</a> and its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-origin" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-origin③">origin</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin①⓪">same origin</a> with <var>origin</var>, then set <var>window</var> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window①③">window</a>. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-window" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-window①">window</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists③">exists</a> and is non-null, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①①">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①④">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-window" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-window②">window</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists④">exists</a>, then set <var>window</var> to "<code>no-window</code>". <li> Set <var>request</var> to a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①⑥">request</a> with the following properties: <dl> <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url⑦">URL</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url⑧">URL</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②⓪">method</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②①">method</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④⑦">header list</a> <dd>A copy of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④⑧">header list</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#unsafe-request-flag" id="ref-for-unsafe-request-flag③">unsafe-request flag</a> <dd>Set. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②⑤">client</a> <dd><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③⑤">This</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object②">relevant settings object</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-window" id="ref-for-concept-request-window①④">window</a> <dd><var>window</var>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-internal-priority" id="ref-for-request-internal-priority②">internal priority</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-internal-priority" id="ref-for-request-internal-priority③">internal priority</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin②②">origin</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin②③">origin</a>. The propagation of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin⑧">origin</a> is only significant for navigation requests being handled by a service worker. In this scenario a request can have an origin that is different from the current client. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer⑨">referrer</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①⓪">referrer</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy⑥">referrer policy</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy⑦">referrer policy</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②⑤">mode</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②⑥">mode</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode②①">credentials mode</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode②②">credentials mode</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①②">cache mode</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①③">cache mode</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode⑨">redirect mode</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode①⓪">redirect mode</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-integrity-metadata③">integrity metadata</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-integrity-metadata④">integrity metadata</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag③">keepalive</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag④">keepalive</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reload-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-reload-navigation-flag">reload-navigation flag</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reload-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-reload-navigation-flag①">reload-navigation flag</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-history-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-history-navigation-flag">history-navigation flag</a> <dd><var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-history-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-history-navigation-flag①">history-navigation flag</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list⑨">URL list</a> <dd>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-clone" id="ref-for-list-clone③">clone</a> of <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list①⓪">URL list</a>. <dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-initiator-type" id="ref-for-request-initiator-type③">initiator type</a> <dd>"<code>fetch</code>". </dl> <li> If <var>init</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-is-empty" id="ref-for-map-is-empty">is not empty</a>, then: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②⑦">mode</a> is "<code>navigate</code>", then set it to "<code>same-origin</code>". <li> Unset <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reload-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-reload-navigation-flag②">reload-navigation flag</a>. <li> Unset <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-history-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-history-navigation-flag②">history-navigation flag</a>. <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin②④">origin</a> to "<code>client</code>". <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①①">referrer</a> to "<code>client</code>". <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy⑧">referrer policy</a> to the empty string. <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url⑨">URL</a> to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-current-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-current-url③⑥">current URL</a>. <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-url-list①①">URL list</a> to « <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url①⓪">URL</a> ». </ol> This is done to ensure that when a service worker "redirects" a request, e.g., from an image in a cross-origin style sheet, and makes modifications, it no longer appears to come from the original source (i.e., the cross-origin style sheet), but instead from the service worker that "redirected" the request. This is important as the original source might not even be able to generate the same kind of requests as the service worker. Services that trust the original source could therefore be exploited were this not done, although that is somewhat farfetched. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-referrer" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-referrer①">referrer</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists⑤">exists</a>, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>referrer</var> be <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-referrer" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-referrer②">referrer</a></code>"]. <li> If <var>referrer</var> is the empty string, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①②">referrer</a> to "<code>no-referrer</code>". <li> Otherwise: <ol> <li> Let <var>parsedReferrer</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-parser" id="ref-for-concept-url-parser②">parsing</a> <var>referrer</var> with <var>baseURL</var>. <li> If <var>parsedReferrer</var> is failure, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①②">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①⑤">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If one of the following is true <ul class="brief"> <li> <var>parsedReferrer</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①⑤">scheme</a> is "<code>about</code>" and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-path" id="ref-for-concept-url-path②">path</a> is the string "<code>client</code>" <li> <var>parsedReferrer</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-origin" id="ref-for-concept-url-origin②⓪">origin</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin①①">same origin</a> with <var>origin</var> </ul> then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①③">referrer</a> to "<code>client</code>". <li> Otherwise, set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①④">referrer</a> to <var>parsedReferrer</var>. </ol> </ol> <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-referrerpolicy" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-referrerpolicy①">referrerPolicy</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists⑥">exists</a>, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy⑨">referrer policy</a> to it. <li> Let <var>mode</var> be <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-mode" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-mode①">mode</a></code>"] if it <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists⑦">exists</a>, and <var>fallbackMode</var> otherwise. <li> If <var>mode</var> is "<code>navigate</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①③">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①⑥">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>mode</var> is non-null, set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②⑧">mode</a> to <var>mode</var>. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-credentials" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-credentials①">credentials</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists⑧">exists</a>, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode②③">credentials mode</a> to it. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-cache" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-cache①">cache</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists⑨">exists</a>, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①④">cache mode</a> to it. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①⑤">cache mode</a> is "<code>only-if-cached</code>" and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode②⑨">mode</a> is not "<code>same-origin</code>", then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①④">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①⑦">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-redirect" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-redirect①">redirect</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①⓪">exists</a>, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode①①">redirect mode</a> to it. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-integrity" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-integrity①">integrity</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①①">exists</a>, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-integrity-metadata⑤">integrity metadata</a> to it. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-keepalive" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-keepalive①">keepalive</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①②">exists</a>, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag⑤">keepalive</a> to it. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-method" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-method①">method</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①③">exists</a>, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>method</var> be <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-method" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-method②">method</a></code>"]. <li> If <var>method</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method" id="ref-for-concept-method①②">method</a> or <var>method</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-method" id="ref-for-forbidden-method②">forbidden method</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①⑤">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①⑧">TypeError</a></code>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-method-normalize" id="ref-for-concept-method-normalize②">Normalize</a> <var>method</var>. <li> Set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②②">method</a> to <var>method</var>. </ol> <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-signal" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-signal①">signal</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①④">exists</a>, then set <var>signal</var> to it. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-priority" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-priority①">priority</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①⑤">exists</a>, then: <ol> <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-internal-priority" id="ref-for-request-internal-priority④">internal priority</a> is not null, then update <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-internal-priority" id="ref-for-request-internal-priority⑤">internal priority</a> in an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#implementation-defined" id="ref-for-implementation-defined①⑨">implementation-defined</a> manner. <li> Otherwise, set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-priority" id="ref-for-request-priority②">priority</a> to <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-priority" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-priority②">priority</a></code>"]. </ol> <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request④">request</a> to <var>request</var>. <li> Let <var>signals</var> be « <var>signal</var> » if <var>signal</var> is non-null; otherwise « ». <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal②">signal</a> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#create-a-dependent-abort-signal" id="ref-for-create-a-dependent-abort-signal">creating a dependent abort signal</a> from <var>signals</var>, using <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal⑥">AbortSignal</a></code> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm②">relevant realm</a>. <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this③⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers①">headers</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new④">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①③">Headers</a></code> object with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④⓪">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm③">relevant realm</a>, whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①②">header list</a> is <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list④⑨">header list</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①①">guard</a> is "<code>request</code>". <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④①">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request⑤">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③⓪">mode</a> is "<code>no-cors</code>", then: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request⑥">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②③">method</a> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-safelisted-method" id="ref-for-cors-safelisted-method④">CORS-safelisted method</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①⑥">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror①⑨">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④③">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers②">headers</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①②">guard</a> to "<code>request-no-cors</code>". </ol> <li> If <var>init</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-is-empty" id="ref-for-map-is-empty①">is not empty</a>, then: The headers are sanitized as they might contain headers that are not allowed by this mode. Otherwise, they were previously sanitized or are unmodified since they were set by a privileged API. <ol> <li> Let <var>headers</var> be a copy of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers③">headers</a> and its associated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①③">header list</a>. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-headers" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-headers①">headers</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①⑥">exists</a>, then set <var>headers</var> to <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-headers" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-headers②">headers</a></code>"]. <li> Empty <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers④">headers</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①④">header list</a>. <li> If <var>headers</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①④">Headers</a></code> object, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-iterate" id="ref-for-list-iterate①⑥">for each</a> <var>header</var> of its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①⑤">header list</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-append" id="ref-for-concept-headers-append③">append</a> <var>header</var> to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers⑤">headers</a>. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-fill" id="ref-for-concept-headers-fill①">fill</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers⑥">headers</a> with <var>headers</var>. </ol> <li> Let <var>inputBody</var> be <var>input</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request⑦">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④⑥">body</a> if <var>input</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①④">Request</a></code> object; otherwise null. <li> If either <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-body" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-body②">body</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①⑦">exists</a> and is non-null or <var>inputBody</var> is non-null, and <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②④">method</a> is `<code>GET</code>` or `<code>HEAD</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①⑦">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②⓪">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Let <var>initBody</var> be null. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-body" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-body③">body</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①⑧">exists</a> and is non-null, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>bodyWithType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-bodyinit-extract" id="ref-for-concept-bodyinit-extract②">extracting</a> <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-body" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-body④">body</a></code>"], with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#keepalive" id="ref-for-keepalive">keepalive</a> set to <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag⑥">keepalive</a>. <li> Set <var>initBody</var> to <var>bodyWithType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-body" id="ref-for-body-with-type-body⑤">body</a>. <li> Let <var>type</var> be <var>bodyWithType</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-type" id="ref-for-body-with-type-type">type</a>. <li> If <var>type</var> is non-null and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers⑦">headers</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①⑥">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②⑥">does not contain</a> `<code>Content-Type</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-append" id="ref-for-concept-headers-append④">append</a> (`<code>Content-Type</code>`, <var>type</var>) to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this④⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers⑧">headers</a>. </ol> <li> Let <var>inputOrInitBody</var> be <var>initBody</var> if it is non-null; otherwise <var>inputBody</var>. <li> If <var>inputOrInitBody</var> is non-null and <var>inputOrInitBody</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-source" id="ref-for-concept-body-source①④">source</a> is null, then: <ol> <li> If <var>initBody</var> is non-null and <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-requestinit-duplex" id="ref-for-dom-requestinit-duplex①">duplex</a></code>"] does not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①⑨">exist</a>, then throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②①">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤⓪">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③①">mode</a> is neither "<code>same-origin</code>" nor "<code>cors</code>", then throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②②">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤①">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request⑨">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#use-cors-preflight-flag" id="ref-for-use-cors-preflight-flag⑥">use-CORS-preflight flag</a>. </ol> <li> Let <var>finalBody</var> be <var>inputOrInitBody</var>. <li> If <var>initBody</var> is null and <var>inputBody</var> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> If <var>input</var> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-unusable" id="ref-for-body-unusable①">unusable</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①⑧">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②③">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Set <var>finalBody</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-create-a-proxy" id="ref-for-readablestream-create-a-proxy">creating a proxy</a> for <var>inputBody</var>. </ol> <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④⑦">body</a> to <var>finalBody</var>. </ol> </div> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-method"><code>method</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤③">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①①">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②⑤">method</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-url"><code>url</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url①①">URL</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-url-serializer②">serialized</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-headers"><code>headers</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers⑨">headers</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-destination"><code>destination</code></dfn> getter are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination②①">destination</a>. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="referrer" data-algorithm-for="Request"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-referrer"><code>referrer</code></dfn> getter steps are: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①④">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①⑤">referrer</a> is "<code>no-referrer</code>", then return the empty string. <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①⑤">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①⑥">referrer</a> is "<code>client</code>", then return "<code>about:client</code>". <li> Return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑤⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①⑥">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①⑦">referrer</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-url-serializer③">serialized</a>. </ol> </div> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-referrerpolicy"><code>referrerPolicy</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥⓪">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①⑦">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer-policy" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer-policy①⓪">referrer policy</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-mode"><code>mode</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥①">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③②">mode</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-credentials"><code>credentials</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request①⑨">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode②④">credentials mode</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-cache"><code>cache</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥③">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①⑥">cache mode</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-redirect"><code>redirect</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②①">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode①②">redirect mode</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-integrity"><code>integrity</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata" id="ref-for-concept-request-integrity-metadata⑥">integrity metadata</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-keepalive"><code>keepalive</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-keepalive-flag" id="ref-for-request-keepalive-flag⑦">keepalive</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-isreloadnavigation"><code>isReloadNavigation</code></dfn> getter steps are to return true if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②④">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-reload-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-reload-navigation-flag③">reload-navigation flag</a> is set; otherwise false. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-ishistorynavigation"><code>isHistoryNavigation</code></dfn> getter steps are to return true if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②⑤">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-history-navigation-flag" id="ref-for-concept-request-history-navigation-flag③">history-navigation flag</a> is set; otherwise false. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-signal"><code>signal</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑥⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal③">signal</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-request-duplex"><code>duplex</code></dfn> getter steps are to return "<code>half</code>". <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="clone()" data-algorithm-for="Request"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Request" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-request-clone"><code>clone()</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦⓪">this</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-unusable" id="ref-for-body-unusable②">unusable</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw①⑨">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②④">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Let <var>clonedRequest</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-clone" id="ref-for-concept-request-clone③">cloning</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦①">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②⑥">request</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②⑤">Assert</a>: <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal④">signal</a> is non-null. <li> Let <var>clonedSignal</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#create-a-dependent-abort-signal" id="ref-for-create-a-dependent-abort-signal①">creating a dependent abort signal</a> from « <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦③">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal⑤">signal</a> », using <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal" id="ref-for-abortsignal⑦">AbortSignal</a></code> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm④">relevant realm</a>. <li> Let <var>clonedRequestObject</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-create" id="ref-for-request-create">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①⑤">Request</a></code> object, given <var>clonedRequest</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-headers" id="ref-for-request-headers①⓪">headers</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①③">guard</a>, <var>clonedSignal</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm⑤">relevant realm</a>. <li> Return <var>clonedRequestObject</var>. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="5.5" id="response-class">5.5. Response class<a class="self-link" href="#response-class"></a></h3> <pre class="idl highlight def">[<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#Exposed" id="ref-for-Exposed②"><c- g>Exposed</c-></a>=(<c- n>Window</c->,<c- n>Worker</c->)]<c- b>interface</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="interface" data-export id="response"><code><c- g>Response</c-></code></dfn> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-response" id="ref-for-dom-response"><c- g>constructor</c-></a>(<c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#bodyinit" id="ref-for-bodyinit④"><c- n>BodyInit</c-></a>? <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response/Response(body, init), Response/constructor(body, init), Response/Response(body), Response/constructor(body), Response/Response(), Response/constructor()" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-response-response-body-init-body"><code><c- g>body</c-></code></dfn> = <c- b>null</c->, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#responseinit" id="ref-for-responseinit"><c- n>ResponseInit</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response/Response(body, init), Response/constructor(body, init), Response/Response(body), Response/constructor(body), Response/Response(), Response/constructor()" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-response-response-body-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></dfn> = {}); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject⑦"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <c- b>static</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response" id="ref-for-response②"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-error" id="ref-for-dom-response-error"><c- g>error</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject⑧"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <c- b>static</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response" id="ref-for-response③"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-redirect" id="ref-for-dom-response-redirect"><c- g>redirect</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString⑥"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response/redirect(url, status), Response/redirect(url)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-response-redirect-url-status-url"><code><c- g>url</c-></code></dfn>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-unsigned-short" id="ref-for-idl-unsigned-short"><c- b>unsigned</c-> <c- b>short</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response/redirect(url, status), Response/redirect(url)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-response-redirect-url-status-status"><code><c- g>status</c-></code></dfn> = 302); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject⑨"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <c- b>static</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response" id="ref-for-response④"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-json" id="ref-for-dom-response-json"><c- g>json</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-any" id="ref-for-idl-any②"><c- b>any</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response/json(data, init), Response/json(data)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-response-json-data-init-data"><code><c- g>data</c-></code></dfn>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#responseinit" id="ref-for-responseinit①"><c- n>ResponseInit</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response/json(data, init), Response/json(data)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-response-json-data-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></dfn> = {}); <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#responsetype" id="ref-for-responsetype"><c- n>ResponseType</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ResponseType" href="#dom-response-type" id="ref-for-dom-response-type①"><c- g>type</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString" id="ref-for-idl-USVString⑦"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="USVString" href="#dom-response-url" id="ref-for-dom-response-url"><c- g>url</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean⑥"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-response-redirected" id="ref-for-dom-response-redirected"><c- g>redirected</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-unsigned-short" id="ref-for-idl-unsigned-short①"><c- b>unsigned</c-> <c- b>short</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="unsigned short" href="#dom-response-status" id="ref-for-dom-response-status"><c- g>status</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean" id="ref-for-idl-boolean⑦"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-response-ok" id="ref-for-dom-response-ok①"><c- g>ok</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①⑥"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ByteString" href="#dom-response-statustext" id="ref-for-dom-response-statustext"><c- g>statusText</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#SameObject" id="ref-for-SameObject①"><c- g>SameObject</c-></a>] <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①⑤"><c- n>Headers</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="Headers" href="#dom-response-headers" id="ref-for-dom-response-headers"><c- g>headers</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject①⓪"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response" id="ref-for-response⑤"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-clone" id="ref-for-dom-response-clone"><c- g>clone</c-></a>(); }; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response" id="ref-for-response⑥"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <c- b>includes</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#body" id="ref-for-body④"><c- n>Body</c-></a>; <c- b>dictionary</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="dictionary" data-export id="responseinit"><code><c- g>ResponseInit</c-></code></dfn> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-unsigned-short" id="ref-for-idl-unsigned-short②"><c- b>unsigned</c-> <c- b>short</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-default="200" data-dfn-for="ResponseInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="unsigned short" id="dom-responseinit-status"><code><c- g>status</c-></code></dfn> = 200; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString" id="ref-for-idl-ByteString①⑦"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-default="""" data-dfn-for="ResponseInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="ByteString" id="dom-responseinit-statustext"><code><c- g>statusText</c-></code></dfn> = ""; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-headersinit" id="ref-for-typedefdef-headersinit②"><c- n>HeadersInit</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="ResponseInit" data-dfn-type="dict-member" data-export data-type="HeadersInit" id="dom-responseinit-headers"><code><c- g>headers</c-></code></dfn>; }; <c- b>enum</c-> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="enum" data-export id="responsetype"><code><c- g>ResponseType</c-></code></dfn> { <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="ResponseType" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-responsetype-basic"><code><c- s>"basic"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="ResponseType" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-responsetype-cors"><code><c- s>"cors"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="ResponseType" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-responsetype-default"><code><c- s>"default"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="ResponseType" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-responsetype-error"><code><c- s>"error"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="ResponseType" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-responsetype-opaque"><code><c- s>"opaque"</c-></code></dfn>, <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="ResponseType" data-dfn-type="enum-value" data-export id="dom-responsetype-opaqueredirect"><code><c- s>"opaqueredirect"</c-></code></dfn> }; </pre> A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response⑦">Response</a></code> object has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="concept-response-response">response</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥①">response</a>). A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response⑧">Response</a></code> object also has an associated <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="response-headers">headers</dfn> (null or a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①⑥">Headers</a></code> object), initially null. A <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response⑨">Response</a></code> object’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-body" id="ref-for-concept-body-body⑨">body</a> is its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②⑦">body</a>. <hr> <dl class="domintro"> <dt><code><var>response</var> = new <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-response" id="ref-for-dom-response①">Response</a>(<var>body</var> = null [, <var>init</var>])</code> <dd> Creates a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①⓪">Response</a></code> whose body is <var>body</var>, and status, status message, and headers are provided by <var>init</var>. <dt><code><var>response</var> = <a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①①">Response</a> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-error" id="ref-for-dom-response-error①">error</a>()</code> <dd> Creates network error <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①②">Response</a></code>. <dt><code><var>response</var> = <a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①③">Response</a> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-redirect" id="ref-for-dom-response-redirect①">redirect</a>(<var>url</var>, <var>status</var> = 302)</code> <dd> Creates a redirect <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①④">Response</a></code> that redirects to <var>url</var> with status <var>status</var>. <dt><code><var>response</var> = <a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①⑤">Response</a> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-json" id="ref-for-dom-response-json①">json</a>(<var>data</var> [, <var>init</var>])</code> <dd> Creates a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①⑥">Response</a></code> whose body is the JSON-encoded <var>data</var>, and status, status message, and headers are provided by <var>init</var>. <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-type" id="ref-for-dom-response-type②">type</a></code> <dd> Returns <var>response</var>’s type, e.g., "<code>cors</code>". <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-url" id="ref-for-dom-response-url①">url</a></code> <dd> Returns <var>response</var>’s URL, if it has one; otherwise the empty string. <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-redirected" id="ref-for-dom-response-redirected①">redirected</a></code> <dd> Returns whether <var>response</var> was obtained through a redirect. <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-status" id="ref-for-dom-response-status①">status</a></code> <dd> Returns <var>response</var>’s status. <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-ok" id="ref-for-dom-response-ok②">ok</a></code> <dd> Returns whether <var>response</var>’s status is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#ok-status" id="ref-for-ok-status②">ok status</a>. <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-statustext" id="ref-for-dom-response-statustext①">statusText</a></code> <dd> Returns <var>response</var>’s status message. <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" href="#dom-response-headers" id="ref-for-dom-response-headers①">headers</a></code> <dd> Returns <var>response</var>’s headers as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①⑦">Headers</a></code>. <dt><code><var>response</var> . <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-clone" id="ref-for-dom-response-clone①">clone</a>()</code> <dd> Returns a clone of <var>response</var>. </dl> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="create" data-algorithm-for="Response"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="create|creating" id="response-create">create</dfn> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①⑦">Response</a></code> object, given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥②">response</a> <var>response</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#headers-guard" id="ref-for-headers-guard②">headers guard</a> <var>guard</var>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#realm" id="ref-for-realm③">realm</a> <var>realm</var>, run these steps: <ol> <li> Let <var>responseObject</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new⑤">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①⑧">Response</a></code> object with <var>realm</var>. <li> Set <var>responseObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response②">response</a> to <var>response</var>. <li> Set <var>responseObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-headers" id="ref-for-response-headers">headers</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new⑥">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①⑧">Headers</a></code> object with <var>realm</var>, whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①⑦">headers list</a> is <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③③">headers list</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①④">guard</a> is <var>guard</var>. <li> Return <var>responseObject</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="initialize a response"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="initialize-a-response">initialize a response</dfn>, given a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response①⑨">Response</a></code> object <var>response</var>, <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#responseinit" id="ref-for-responseinit②">ResponseInit</a></code> <var>init</var>, and null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type" id="ref-for-body-with-type②">body with type</a> <var>body</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-responseinit-status" id="ref-for-dom-responseinit-status">status</a></code>"] is not in the range 200 to 599, inclusive, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw②⓪">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-rangeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-rangeerror②">RangeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-responseinit-statustext" id="ref-for-dom-responseinit-statustext">statusText</a></code>"] is not the empty string and does not match the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9112.html#status.line" id="ref-for-status.line">reason-phrase</a> token production, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw②①">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②⑤">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response③">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②①">status</a> to <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-responseinit-status" id="ref-for-dom-responseinit-status①">status</a></code>"]. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response④">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message⑦">status message</a> to <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-responseinit-statustext" id="ref-for-dom-responseinit-statustext①">statusText</a></code>"]. <li> If <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-responseinit-headers" id="ref-for-dom-responseinit-headers">headers</a></code>"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists②⓪">exists</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-fill" id="ref-for-concept-headers-fill②">fill</a> <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-headers" id="ref-for-response-headers①">headers</a> with <var>init</var>["<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-responseinit-headers" id="ref-for-dom-responseinit-headers①">headers</a></code>"]. <li> If <var>body</var> is non-null, then: <ol> <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②②">status</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#null-body-status" id="ref-for-null-body-status①">null body status</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw②②">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②⑥">TypeError</a></code>. 101 and 103 are included in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#null-body-status" id="ref-for-null-body-status②">null body status</a> due to their use elsewhere. They do not affect this step. <li> Set <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②⑧">body</a> to <var>body</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-body" id="ref-for-body-with-type-body⑥">body</a>. <li> If <var>body</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-type" id="ref-for-body-with-type-type①">type</a> is non-null and <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③④">header list</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#header-list-contains" id="ref-for-header-list-contains②⑦">does not contain</a> `<code>Content-Type</code>`, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append②②">append</a> (`<code>Content-Type</code>`, <var>body</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-with-type-type" id="ref-for-body-with-type-type②">type</a>) to <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③⑤">header list</a>. </ol> </ol> </div> <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="Response(body, init)" data-algorithm-for="Response"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="constructor" data-export data-lt="Response(body, init)|constructor(body, init)|Response(body)|constructor(body)|Response()|constructor()" id="dom-response"><code>new Response(<var>body</var>, <var>init</var>)</code></dfn> constructor steps are: <ol> <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response⑤">response</a> to a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥③">response</a>. <li> Set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-headers" id="ref-for-response-headers②">headers</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new⑦">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#headers" id="ref-for-headers①⑨">Headers</a></code> object with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑦⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm⑥">relevant realm</a>, whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-headers-header-list①⑧">header list</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧⓪">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response⑥">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③⑥">header list</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①⑤">guard</a> is "<code>response</code>". <li> Let <var>bodyWithType</var> be null. <li> If <var>body</var> is non-null, then set <var>bodyWithType</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-bodyinit-extract" id="ref-for-concept-bodyinit-extract③">extracting</a> <var>body</var>. <li> Perform <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#initialize-a-response" id="ref-for-initialize-a-response">initialize a response</a> given <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧①">this</a>, <var>init</var>, and <var>bodyWithType</var>. </ol> </div> The static <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-response-error"><code>error()</code></dfn> method steps are to return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-create" id="ref-for-response-create">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response②⓪">Response</a></code> object, given a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤⑧">network error</a>, "<code>immutable</code>", and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#current-realm" id="ref-for-current-realm">current realm</a>. <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="redirect(url, status)" data-algorithm-for="Response"> The static <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="method" data-export data-lt="redirect(url, status)|redirect(url)" id="dom-response-redirect"><code>redirect(<var>url</var>, <var>status</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> Let <var>parsedURL</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-parser" id="ref-for-concept-url-parser③">parsing</a> <var>url</var> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#current-settings-object" id="ref-for-current-settings-object">current settings object</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#api-base-url" id="ref-for-api-base-url①">API base URL</a>. <li> If <var>parsedURL</var> is failure, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw②③">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②⑦">TypeError</a></code>. <li> If <var>status</var> is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#redirect-status" id="ref-for-redirect-status③">redirect status</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw②④">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-rangeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-rangeerror③">RangeError</a></code>. <li> Let <var>responseObject</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-create" id="ref-for-response-create①">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response②①">Response</a></code> object, given a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥④">response</a>, "<code>immutable</code>", and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#current-realm" id="ref-for-current-realm①">current realm</a>. <li> Set <var>responseObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response⑦">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②③">status</a> to <var>status</var>. <li> Let <var>value</var> be <var>parsedURL</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-url-serializer④">serialized</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-encode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-encode①①">isomorphic encoded</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list-append" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-append②③">Append</a> (`<code>Location</code>`, <var>value</var>) to <var>responseObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response⑧">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③⑦">header list</a>. <li> Return <var>responseObject</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="json(data, init)" data-algorithm-for="Response"> The static <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="method" data-export data-lt="json(data, init)|json(data)" id="dom-response-json"><code>json(<var>data</var>, <var>init</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> Let <var>bytes</var> the result of running <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#serialize-a-javascript-value-to-json-bytes" id="ref-for-serialize-a-javascript-value-to-json-bytes">serialize a JavaScript value to JSON bytes</a> on <var>data</var>. <li> Let <var>body</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-bodyinit-extract" id="ref-for-concept-bodyinit-extract④">extracting</a> <var>bytes</var>. <li> Let <var>responseObject</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-create" id="ref-for-response-create②">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response②②">Response</a></code> object, given a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥⑤">response</a>, "<code>response</code>", and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#current-realm" id="ref-for-current-realm②">current realm</a>. <li> Perform <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#initialize-a-response" id="ref-for-initialize-a-response①">initialize a response</a> given <var>responseObject</var>, <var>init</var>, and (<var>body</var>, "<code>application/json</code>"). <li> Return <var>responseObject</var>. </ol> </div> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-response-type"><code>type</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response⑨">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-type" id="ref-for-concept-response-type①②">type</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-response-url"><code>url</code></dfn> getter steps are to return the empty string if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧③">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①⓪">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url⑧">URL</a> is null; otherwise <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①①">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url" id="ref-for-concept-response-url⑨">URL</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-url-serializer⑤">serialized</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-serializer-exclude-fragment" id="ref-for-url-serializer-exclude-fragment①">exclude fragment</a> set to true. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-response-redirected"><code>redirected</code></dfn> getter steps are to return true if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①②">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-url-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-url-list①①">URL list</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#list-size" id="ref-for-list-size①">size</a> is greater than 1; otherwise false. To filter out <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥⑥">responses</a> that are the result of a redirect, do this directly through the API, e.g., <code>fetch(url, { redirect:"error" })</code>. This way a potentially unsafe <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥⑦">response</a> cannot accidentally leak. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-response-status"><code>status</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①③">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②④">status</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-response-ok"><code>ok</code></dfn> getter steps are to return true if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①④">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②⑤">status</a> is an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#ok-status" id="ref-for-ok-status③">ok status</a>; otherwise false. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-response-statustext"><code>statusText</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧⑧">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①⑤">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status-message" id="ref-for-concept-response-status-message⑧">status message</a>. The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="attribute" data-export id="dom-response-headers"><code>headers</code></dfn> getter steps are to return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑧⑨">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-headers" id="ref-for-response-headers③">headers</a>. <hr> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="clone()" data-algorithm-for="Response"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="Response" data-dfn-type="method" data-export id="dom-response-clone"><code>clone()</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨⓪">this</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-unusable" id="ref-for-body-unusable③">unusable</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-throw" id="ref-for-dfn-throw②⑤">throw</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②⑧">TypeError</a></code>. <li> Let <var>clonedResponse</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-clone" id="ref-for-concept-response-clone①">cloning</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨①">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①⑥">response</a>. <li> Return the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-create" id="ref-for-response-create③">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response②③">Response</a></code> object, given <var>clonedResponse</var>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨②">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-headers" id="ref-for-response-headers④">headers</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-headers-guard" id="ref-for-concept-headers-guard①⑥">guard</a>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨③">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm⑦">relevant realm</a>. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="5.6" id="fetch-method">5.6. Fetch method<a class="self-link" href="#fetch-method"></a></h3> <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>partial</c-> <c- b>interface</c-> <c- b>mixin</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#windoworworkerglobalscope" id="ref-for-windoworworkerglobalscope"><c- g>WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope</c-></a> { [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject" id="ref-for-NewObject①①"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise⑥"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response" id="ref-for-response②④"><c- n>Response</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch⑥"><c- g>fetch</c-></a>(<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinfo" id="ref-for-requestinfo①"><c- n>RequestInfo</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/fetch(input, init), WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/fetch(input)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-windoworworkerglobalscope-fetch-input-init-input"><code><c- g>input</c-></code></dfn>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinit" id="ref-for-requestinit①"><c- n>RequestInit</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/fetch(input, init), WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/fetch(input)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-windoworworkerglobalscope-fetch-input-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></dfn> = {}); }; </pre> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="fetch(input, init)" data-algorithm-for="WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope" data-dfn-type="method" data-export data-lt="fetch(input, init)|fetch(input)" id="dom-global-fetch"><code>fetch(<var>input</var>, <var>init</var>)</code></dfn> method steps are: <ol> <li> Let <var>p</var> be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#a-new-promise" id="ref-for-a-new-promise②">a new promise</a>. <li> Let <var>requestObject</var> be the result of invoking the initial value of <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①⑥">Request</a></code> as constructor with <var>input</var> and <var>init</var> as arguments. If this throws an exception, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject①">reject</a> <var>p</var> with it and return <var>p</var>. <li> Let <var>request</var> be <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-request" id="ref-for-concept-request-request②⑦">request</a>. <li> If <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal⑥">signal</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal-aborted" id="ref-for-abortsignal-aborted">aborted</a>, then: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abort-fetch" id="ref-for-abort-fetch">Abort the <code>fetch()</code> call</a> with <var>p</var>, <var>request</var>, null, and <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal⑦">signal</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal-abort-reason" id="ref-for-abortsignal-abort-reason">abort reason</a>. <li> Return <var>p</var>. </ol> <li>Let <var>globalObject</var> be <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②⑥">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global⑦">global object</a>. <li>If <var>globalObject</var> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#serviceworkerglobalscope" id="ref-for-serviceworkerglobalscope">ServiceWorkerGlobalScope</a></code> object, then set <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-service-workers-mode" id="ref-for-request-service-workers-mode④">service-workers mode</a> to "<code>none</code>". <li> Let <var>responseObject</var> be null. <li> Let <var>relevantRealm</var> be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨④">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-realm" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-realm⑧">relevant realm</a>. <li> Let <var>locallyAborted</var> be false. This lets us reject promises with predictable timing, when the request to abort comes from the same thread as the call to fetch. <li> Let <var>controller</var> be null. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal-add" id="ref-for-abortsignal-add">Add the following abort steps</a> to <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal⑧">signal</a>: <ol> <li> Set <var>locallyAborted</var> to true. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②⑥">Assert</a>: <var>controller</var> is non-null. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-abort" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-abort②">Abort</a> <var>controller</var> with <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal⑨">signal</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal-abort-reason" id="ref-for-abortsignal-abort-reason①">abort reason</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abort-fetch" id="ref-for-abort-fetch①">Abort the <code>fetch()</code> call</a> with <var>p</var>, <var>request</var>, <var>responseObject</var>, and <var>requestObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-signal" id="ref-for-request-signal①⓪">signal</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal-abort-reason" id="ref-for-abortsignal-abort-reason②">abort reason</a>. </ol> <li> Set <var>controller</var> to the result of calling <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②⑧">fetch</a> given <var>request</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response" id="ref-for-process-response①">processResponse</a> given <var>response</var> being these steps: <ol> <li> If <var>locallyAborted</var> is true, then abort these steps. <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-aborted" id="ref-for-concept-response-aborted②">aborted flag</a> is set, then: <ol> <li> Let <var>deserializedError</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#deserialize-a-serialized-abort-reason" id="ref-for-deserialize-a-serialized-abort-reason①">deserialize a serialized abort reason</a> given <var>controller</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason②">serialized abort reason</a> and <var>relevantRealm</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#abort-fetch" id="ref-for-abort-fetch②">Abort the <code>fetch()</code> call</a> with <var>p</var>, <var>request</var>, <var>responseObject</var>, and <var>deserializedError</var>. <li> Abort these steps. </ol> <li> If <var>response</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑤⑨">network error</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject②">reject</a> <var>p</var> with a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#exceptiondef-typeerror" id="ref-for-exceptiondef-typeerror②⑨">TypeError</a></code> and abort these steps. <li> Set <var>responseObject</var> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#response-create" id="ref-for-response-create④">creating</a> a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#response" id="ref-for-response②⑤">Response</a></code> object, given <var>response</var>, "<code>immutable</code>", and <var>relevantRealm</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#resolve" id="ref-for-resolve②">Resolve</a> <var>p</var> with <var>responseObject</var>. </ol> <li> Return <var>p</var>. </ol> </div> <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="Abort the fetch() call"> To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export data-lt="Abort the fetch() call" id="abort-fetch">abort a <code>fetch()</code> call</dfn> with a <var>promise</var>, <var>request</var>, <var>responseObject</var>, and an <var>error</var>: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject③">Reject</a> <var>promise</var> with <var>error</var>. This is a no-op if <var>promise</var> has already fulfilled. <li> If <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④⑧">body</a> is non-null and is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-readable" id="ref-for-readablestream-readable③">readable</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-cancel" id="ref-for-readablestream-cancel①">cancel</a> <var>request</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body④⑨">body</a> with <var>error</var>. <li> If <var>responseObject</var> is null, then return. <li> Let <var>response</var> be <var>responseObject</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-response" id="ref-for-concept-response-response①⑦">response</a>. <li> If <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body②⑨">body</a> is non-null and is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-readable" id="ref-for-readablestream-readable④">readable</a>, then <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-error" id="ref-for-readablestream-error②">error</a> <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③⓪">body</a> with <var>error</var>. </ol> </div> <h3 class="heading settled" data-level="5.7" id="garbage-collection">5.7. Garbage collection<a class="self-link" href="#garbage-collection"></a></h3> The user agent may <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-terminate" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-terminate⑤">terminate</a> an ongoing fetch if that termination is not observable through script. "Observable through script" means observable through <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch" id="ref-for-dom-global-fetch⑦"><code>fetch()</code></a>’s arguments and return value. Other ways, such as communicating with the server through a side-channel are not included. The server being able to observe garbage collection has precedent, e.g., with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#websocket" id="ref-for-websocket①">WebSocket</a></code> and <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest⑥">XMLHttpRequest</a></code> objects. <div class="example" id="terminate-examples"> <a class="self-link" href="#terminate-examples"></a> The user agent can terminate the fetch because the termination cannot be observed. <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://www.example.com/"</c-><c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> The user agent cannot terminate the fetch because the termination can be observed through the promise. <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">window<c- p>.</c->promise <c- o>=</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://www.example.com/"</c-><c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> The user agent can terminate the fetch because the associated body is not observable. <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">window<c- p>.</c->promise <c- o>=</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://www.example.com/"</c-><c- p>).</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> res<c- p>.</c->headers<c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> The user agent can terminate the fetch because the termination cannot be observed. <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://www.example.com/"</c-><c- p>).</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> res<c- p>.</c->body<c- p>.</c->getReader<c- p>().</c->closed<c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> The user agent cannot terminate the fetch because one can observe the termination by registering a handler for the promise object. <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">window<c- p>.</c->promise <c- o>=</c-> fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://www.example.com/"</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> res<c- p>.</c->body<c- p>.</c->getReader<c- p>().</c->closed<c- p>)</c-> </code></pre> The user agent cannot terminate the fetch as termination would be observable via the registered handler. <pre><code class="lang-javascript highlight">fetch<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"https://www.example.com/"</c-><c- p>)</c-> <c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(</c->res <c- p>=></c-> <c- p>{</c-> res<c- p>.</c->body<c- p>.</c->getReader<c- p>().</c->closed<c- p>.</c->then<c- p>(()</c-> <c- p>=></c-> console<c- p>.</c->log<c- p>(</c-><c- u>"stream closed!"</c-><c- p>))</c-> <c- p>})</c-> </code></pre> (The above examples of non-observability assume that built-in properties and functions, such as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#rs-get-reader" id="ref-for-rs-get-reader">body.getReader()</a></code>, have not been overwritten.) </div> <h2 class="heading settled" data-level="6" id="data-urls">6. <code>data:</code> URLs<a class="self-link" href="#data-urls"></a></h2> For an informative description of <code>data:</code> URLs, see RFC 2397. This section replaces that RFC’s normative processing requirements to be compatible with deployed content. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-rfc2397" title="The "data" URL scheme">[RFC2397]</a> A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="data-url-struct"><code>data:</code> URL struct</dfn> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct" id="ref-for-struct⑤">struct</a> that consists of a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="data: URL struct" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="data-url-struct-mime-type">MIME type</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#mime-type" id="ref-for-mime-type⑤">MIME type</a>) and a <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="data: URL struct" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="data-url-struct-body">body</dfn> (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence③⓪">byte sequence</a>). <div class="algorithm" data-algorithm="data: URL processor"> The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-export id="data-url-processor"><code>data:</code> URL processor</dfn> takes a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url②①">URL</a> <var>dataURL</var> and then runs these steps: <ol> <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#assert" id="ref-for-assert②⑦">Assert</a>: <var>dataURL</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-scheme" id="ref-for-concept-url-scheme①⑥">scheme</a> is "<code>data</code>". <li> Let <var>input</var> be the result of running the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url-serializer" id="ref-for-concept-url-serializer⑥">URL serializer</a> on <var>dataURL</var> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-serializer-exclude-fragment" id="ref-for-url-serializer-exclude-fragment②">exclude fragment</a> set to true. <li> Remove the leading "<code>data:</code>" from <var>input</var>. <li> Let <var>position</var> point at the start of <var>input</var>. <li> Let <var>mimeType</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#collect-a-sequence-of-code-points" id="ref-for-collect-a-sequence-of-code-points⑧">collecting a sequence of code points</a> that are not equal to U+002C (,), given <var>position</var>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#strip-leading-and-trailing-ascii-whitespace" id="ref-for-strip-leading-and-trailing-ascii-whitespace">Strip leading and trailing ASCII whitespace</a> from <var>mimeType</var>. This will only remove U+0020 SPACE <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point①⓪">code points</a>, if any. <li> If <var>position</var> is past the end of <var>input</var>, then return failure. <li> Advance <var>position</var> by 1. <li> Let <var>encodedBody</var> be the remainder of <var>input</var>. <li> Let <var>body</var> be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#string-percent-decode" id="ref-for-string-percent-decode">percent-decoding</a> of <var>encodedBody</var>. <li> If <var>mimeType</var> ends with U+003B (;), followed by zero or more U+0020 SPACE, followed by an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#ascii-case-insensitive" id="ref-for-ascii-case-insensitive①">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for "<code>base64</code>", then: <ol> <li> Let <var>stringBody</var> be the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-decode" id="ref-for-isomorphic-decode③">isomorphic decode</a> of <var>body</var>. <li> Set <var>body</var> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#forgiving-base64-decode" id="ref-for-forgiving-base64-decode">forgiving-base64 decode</a> of <var>stringBody</var>. <li> If <var>body</var> is failure, then return failure. <li> Remove the last 6 <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point①①">code points</a> from <var>mimeType</var>. <li> Remove trailing U+0020 SPACE <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#code-point" id="ref-for-code-point①②">code points</a> from <var>mimeType</var>, if any. <li> Remove the last U+003B (;) from <var>mimeType</var>. </ol> <li> If <var>mimeType</var> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#string-starts-with" id="ref-for-string-starts-with②">starts with</a> "<code>;</code>", then prepend "<code>text/plain</code>" to <var>mimeType</var>. <li> Let <var>mimeTypeRecord</var> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parse-a-mime-type" id="ref-for-parse-a-mime-type②">parsing</a> <var>mimeType</var>. <li> If <var>mimeTypeRecord</var> is failure, then set <var>mimeTypeRecord</var> to <code>text/plain;charset=US-ASCII</code>. <li> Return a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#data-url-struct" id="ref-for-data-url-struct"><code>data:</code> URL struct</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#data-url-struct-mime-type" id="ref-for-data-url-struct-mime-type①">MIME type</a> is <var>mimeTypeRecord</var> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#data-url-struct-body" id="ref-for-data-url-struct-body①">body</a> is <var>body</var>. </ol> </div> <h2 class="no-num heading settled" id="background-reading">Background reading<a class="self-link" href="#background-reading"></a></h2> This section and its subsections are informative only. <h3 class="no-num heading settled dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="http-header-layer-division">HTTP header layer division<a class="self-link" href="#http-header-layer-division" id="ref-for-http-header-layer-division①"></a></h3> For the purposes of fetching, there is an API layer (HTML’s <code>img</code>, CSS’s <code>background-image</code>), early fetch layer, service worker layer, and network & cache layer. `<code>Accept</code>` and `<code>Accept-Language</code>` are set in the early fetch layer (typically by the user agent). Most other headers controlled by the user agent, such as `<code>Accept-Encoding</code>`, `<code>Host</code>`, and `<code>Referer</code>`, are set in the network & cache layer. Developers can set headers either at the API layer or in the service worker layer (typically through a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#request" id="ref-for-request①⑦">Request</a></code> object). Developers have almost no control over <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#forbidden-request-header" id="ref-for-forbidden-request-header②">forbidden request-headers</a>, but can control `<code>Accept</code>` and have the means to constrain and omit `<code>Referer</code>` for instance. <h3 class="no-num heading settled dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-noexport id="atomic-http-redirect-handling">Atomic HTTP redirect handling<a class="self-link" href="#atomic-http-redirect-handling" id="ref-for-atomic-http-redirect-handling②"></a></h3> Redirects (a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥⑧">response</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②⑥">status</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①⑧">internal response</a>’s (if any) <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②⑦">status</a> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#redirect-status" id="ref-for-redirect-status④">redirect status</a>) are not exposed to APIs. Exposing redirects might leak information not otherwise available through a cross-site scripting attack. <a class="self-link" href="#example-xss-redirect"></a>A fetch to <code>https://example.org/auth</code> that includes a <code>Cookie</code> marked <code>HttpOnly</code> could result in a redirect to <code>https://other-origin.invalid/4af955781ea1c84a3b11</code>. This new URL contains a secret. If we expose redirects that secret would be available through a cross-site scripting attack. <h3 class="no-num heading settled" id="basic-safe-cors-protocol-setup">Basic safe CORS protocol setup<a class="self-link" href="#basic-safe-cors-protocol-setup"></a></h3> For resources where data is protected through IP authentication or a firewall (unfortunately relatively common still), using the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①⑧">CORS protocol</a> is unsafe. (This is the reason why the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①⑨">CORS protocol</a> had to be invented.) However, otherwise using the following <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑤⑨">header</a> is safe: <pre><code class="lang-http highlight">Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * </code></pre> Even if a resource exposes additional information based on cookie or HTTP authentication, using the above <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑥⓪">header</a> will not reveal it. It will share the resource with APIs such as <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest" id="ref-for-xmlhttprequest⑦">XMLHttpRequest</a></code>, much like it is already shared with <code>curl</code> and <code>wget</code>. Thus in other words, if a resource cannot be accessed from a random device connected to the web using <code>curl</code> and <code>wget</code> the aforementioned <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header" id="ref-for-concept-header⑥①">header</a> is not to be included. If it can be accessed however, it is perfectly fine to do so. <h3 class="no-num heading settled" id="cors-protocol-and-http-caches">CORS protocol and HTTP caches<a class="self-link" href="#cors-protocol-and-http-caches"></a></h3> If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol②⓪">CORS protocol</a> requirements are more complicated than setting `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin⑦"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` to <code>*</code> or a static <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin⑨">origin</a>, `<code>Vary</code>` is to be used. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http-caching" title="HTTP Caching">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> <pre class="example" id="example-vary-origin"><a class="self-link" href="#example-vary-origin"></a><code class="lang-http highlight">Vary: Origin </code></pre> In particular, consider what happens if `<code>Vary</code>` is not used and a server is configured to send `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin⑧"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` for a certain resource only in response to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①②">CORS request</a>. When a user agent receives a response to a non-<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①③">CORS request</a> for that resource (for example, as the result of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#navigation-request" id="ref-for-navigation-request③">navigation request</a>), the response will lack `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin⑨"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` and the user agent will cache that response. Then, if the user agent subsequently encounters a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①④">CORS request</a> for the resource, it will use that cached response from the previous non-<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①⑤">CORS request</a>, without `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin①⓪"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>`. But if `<code>Vary: Origin</code>` is used in the same scenario described above, it will cause the user agent to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch②⑨">fetch</a> a response that includes `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin①①"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>`, rather than using the cached response from the previous non-<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①⑥">CORS request</a> that lacks `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin①②"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>`. However, if `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin①③"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` is set to <code>*</code> or a static <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin①⓪">origin</a> for a particular resource, then configure the server to always send `<a data-link-type="http-header" href="#http-access-control-allow-origin" id="ref-for-http-access-control-allow-origin①④"><code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin</code></a>` in responses for the resource — for non-<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①⑦">CORS requests</a> as well as <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-request" id="ref-for-cors-request①⑧">CORS requests</a> — and do not use `<code>Vary</code>`. <h3 class="no-num heading settled" id="websocket-protocol">WebSockets<a class="self-link" href="#websocket-protocol"></a></h3> As part of establishing a connection, the <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#websocket" id="ref-for-websocket②">WebSocket</a></code> object initiates a special kind of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③⓪">fetch</a> (using a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①⑦">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③③">mode</a> is "<code>websocket</code>") which allows it to share in many fetch policy decisions, such <cite>HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)</cite>. Ultimately this results in fetch calling into <cite>WebSockets</cite> to obtain a dedicated connection. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-websockets" title="WebSockets Standard">[WEBSOCKETS]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-hsts" title="HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)">[HSTS]</a> Fetch used to define <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-connection-obtain" id="concept-websocket-connection-obtain">obtain a WebSocket connection</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-establish" id="concept-websocket-establish">establish a WebSocket connection</a> directly, but both are now defined in <cite>WebSockets</cite>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-websockets" title="WebSockets Standard">[WEBSOCKETS]</a> <h2 class="no-num heading settled" id="fetch-elsewhere">Using fetch in other standards<a class="self-link" href="#fetch-elsewhere"></a></h2> In its essence <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③①">fetching</a> is an exchange of a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①⑧">request</a> for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑥⑨">response</a>. In reality it is rather complex mechanism for standards to adopt and use correctly. This section aims to give some advice. Always ask domain experts for review. This is a work in progress. <h3 class="heading settled" id="fetch-elsewhere-request">Setting up a request<a class="self-link" href="#fetch-elsewhere-request"></a></h3> The first step in <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③②">fetching</a> is to create a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①①⑨">request</a>, and populate its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#struct-item" id="ref-for-struct-item⑤">items</a>. Start by setting the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url①②">URL</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②⑥">method</a>, as defined by HTTP. If your `<code>POST</code>` or `<code>PUT</code>` <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②①">request</a> needs a body, you set <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②②">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-body" id="ref-for-concept-request-body⑤⓪">body</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence③①">byte sequence</a>, or to a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body" id="ref-for-concept-body①④">body</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①⑧">stream</a> is a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream" id="ref-for-readablestream①③">ReadableStream</a></code> you created. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-http" title="HTTP Semantics">[HTTP]</a> Choose your <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②③">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination②②">destination</a> using the guidance in the <a href="#destination-table">destination table</a>. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination②③">Destinations</a> affect <cite>Content Security Policy</cite> and have other implications such as the `<code><a data-link-type="http-header" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-fetch-metadata/#http-headerdef-sec-fetch-dest" id="ref-for-http-headerdef-sec-fetch-dest">Sec-Fetch-Dest</a></code>` header, so they are much more than informative metadata. If a new feature requires a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-destination" id="ref-for-concept-request-destination②④">destination</a> that’s not in the <a href="#destination-table">destination table</a>, please <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/new?title=What%20destination%20should%20my%20feature%20use">file an issue</a> to discuss. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-csp" title="Content Security Policy Level 3">[CSP]</a> Set your <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②④">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②⑦">client</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object①④">environment settings object</a> you’re operating in. Web-exposed APIs are generally defined with Web IDL, for which every object that implements an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dfn-interface" id="ref-for-dfn-interface">interface</a> has a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object③">relevant settings object</a> you can use. For example, a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②⑤">request</a> associated with an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-element" id="ref-for-concept-element">element</a> would set the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②⑥">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②⑧">client</a> to the element’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-node-document" id="ref-for-concept-node-document">node document</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object④">relevant settings object</a>. All features that are directly web-exposed by JavaScript, HTML, CSS, or other <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#document" id="ref-for-document">Document</a></code> subresources should have a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client②⑨">client</a>. If your <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③③">fetching</a> is not directly web-exposed, e.g., it is sent in the background without relying on a current <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#window" id="ref-for-window③">Window</a></code> or <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/workers.html#worker" id="ref-for-worker">Worker</a></code>, leave <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②⑦">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client③⓪">client</a> as null and set the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②⑧">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-origin" id="ref-for-concept-request-origin②⑤">origin</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-policy-container" id="ref-for-concept-request-policy-container⑤">policy container</a>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-service-workers-mode" id="ref-for-request-service-workers-mode⑤">service-workers mode</a>, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-referrer" id="ref-for-concept-request-referrer①⑧">referrer</a> to appropriate values instead, e.g., by copying them from the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#environment-settings-object" id="ref-for-environment-settings-object①⑤">environment settings object</a> ahead of time. In these more advanced cases, make sure the details of how your fetch handles <cite>Content Security Policy</cite> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#referrer-policy" id="ref-for-referrer-policy②">referrer policy</a> are fleshed out. Also make sure you handle concurrency, as callbacks (see <a href="#fetch-elsewhere-fetch">Invoking fetch and processing responses</a>) would be posted on a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue⑥">parallel queue</a>. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-referrer" title="Referrer Policy">[REFERRER]</a> <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-csp" title="Content Security Policy Level 3">[CSP]</a> Think through the way you intend to handle cross-origin resources. Some features may only work in the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#same-origin" id="ref-for-same-origin①②">same origin</a>, in which case set your <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①②⑨">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③④">mode</a> to "<code>same-origin</code>". Otherwise, new web-exposed features should almost always set their <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③⑤">mode</a> to "<code>cors</code>". If your feature is not web-exposed, or you think there is another reason for it to fetch cross-origin resources without CORS, please <a href="https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/issues/new?title=Does%20my%20request%20require%20CORS">file an issue</a> to discuss. For cross-origin requests, also determines if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#credentials" id="ref-for-credentials①⑨">credentials</a> are to be included with the requests, in which case set your <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③⓪">request</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-credentials-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-credentials-mode②⑤">credentials mode</a> to "<code>include</code>". Figure out if your fetch needs to be reported to <cite>Resource Timing</cite>, and with which <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-initiator-type" id="ref-for-request-initiator-type④">initiator type</a>. By passing an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-initiator-type" id="ref-for-request-initiator-type⑤">initiator type</a> to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③①">request</a>, reporting to <cite>Resource Timing</cite> will be done automatically once the fetch is done and the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦⓪">response</a> is fully downloaded. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-resource-timing" title="Resource Timing">[RESOURCE-TIMING]</a> If your request requires additional HTTP headers, set its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-request-header-list⑤⓪">header list</a> to a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-header-list②④">header list</a> that contains those headers, e.g., « (`<code>My-Header-Name</code>`, `<code>My-Header-Value</code>`) ». Sending custom headers may have implications, such as requiring a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0" id="ref-for-cors-preflight-fetch-0⑦">CORS-preflight fetch</a>, so handle with care. If you want to override the default caching mechanism, e.g., disable caching for this <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③②">request</a>, set the request’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-cache-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-cache-mode①⑦">cache mode</a> to a value other than "<code>default</code>". Determine whether you want your request to support redirects. If you don’t, set its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode①③">redirect mode</a> to "<code>error</code>". Browse through the rest of the parameters for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③③">request</a> to see if something else is relevant to you. The rest of the parameters are used less frequently, often for special purposes, and they are documented in detail in the <a href="#requests">§ 2.2.5 Requests</a> section of this standard. <h3 class="no-num heading settled" id="fetch-elsewhere-fetch">Invoking fetch and processing responses<a class="self-link" href="#fetch-elsewhere-fetch"></a></h3> Aside from a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③④">request</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③④">fetch</a> operation takes several optional arguments. For those arguments that take an algorithm: the algorithm will be called from a task (or in a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#parallel-queue" id="ref-for-parallel-queue⑦">parallel queue</a> if <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-useparallelqueue" id="ref-for-fetch-useparallelqueue">useParallelQueue</a> is true). Once the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③⑤">request</a> is set up, to determine which algorithms to pass to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③⑤">fetch</a>, determine how you would like to process the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦①">response</a>, and in particular at what stage you would like to receive a callback: <dl> <dt>Upon completion <dd> This is how most callers handle a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦②">response</a>, for example <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#fetch-a-classic-script" id="ref-for-fetch-a-classic-script">scripts</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/#fetch-a-style-resource" id="ref-for-fetch-a-style-resource">style resources</a>. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦③">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③①">body</a> is read in its entirety into a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence③②">byte sequence</a>, and then processed by the caller. To process a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦④">response</a> upon completion, pass an algorithm as the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response-end-of-body" id="ref-for-process-response-end-of-body">processResponseConsumeBody</a> argument of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③⑥">fetch</a>. The given algorithm is passed a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦⑤">response</a> and an argument representing the fully read <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③②">body</a> (of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦⑥">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response①⑨">internal response</a>). The second argument’s values have the following meaning: <dl> <dt>null <dd>The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦⑦">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③③">body</a> is null, due to the response being a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑥⓪">network error</a> or having a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#null-body-status" id="ref-for-null-body-status③">null body status</a>. <dt>failure <dd>Attempting to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-fully-read" id="ref-for-body-fully-read③">fully read</a> the contents of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦⑧">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③④">body</a> failed, e.g., due to an I/O error. <dt>a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence③③">byte sequence</a> <dd> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#body-fully-read" id="ref-for-body-fully-read④">Fully reading</a> the contents of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑦⑨">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-internal-response" id="ref-for-concept-internal-response②⓪">internal response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③⑤">body</a> succeeded. A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence③④">byte sequence</a> containing the full contents will be passed also for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③⑥">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-mode③⑥">mode</a> is "<code>no-cors</code>". Callers have to be careful when handling such content, as it should not be accessible to the requesting <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin①①">origin</a>. For example, the caller may use contents of a "<code>no-cors</code>" <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧⓪">response</a> to display image contents directly to the user, but those image contents should not be directly exposed to scripts in the embedding document. </dl> <div class="example" id="example-callback-upon-completion"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-callback-upon-completion"></a> <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③⑦">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url①③">URL</a> is <code>https://stuff.example.com/</code> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client③①">client</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨⑤">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object⑤">relevant settings object</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③⑦">Fetch</a> <var>request</var>, with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response-end-of-body" id="ref-for-process-response-end-of-body①">processResponseConsumeBody</a> set to the following steps given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧①">response</a> <var>response</var> and null, failure, or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#byte-sequence" id="ref-for-byte-sequence③⑤">byte sequence</a> <var>contents</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>contents</var> is null or failure, then present an error to the user. <li> Otherwise, parse <var>contents</var> considering the metadata from <var>response</var>, and perform your own operations on it. </ol> </ol> </div> <dt>Headers first, then chunk-by-chunk <dd> In some cases, for example when playing video or progressively loading images, callers might want to stream the response, and process it one chunk at a time. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧②">response</a> is handed over to the fetch caller once the headers are processed, and the caller continues from there. To process a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧③">response</a> chunk-by-chunk, pass an algorithm to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response" id="ref-for-process-response②">processResponse</a> argument of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③⑧">fetch</a>. The given algorithm is passed a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧④">response</a> when the response’s headers have been received and is responsible for reading the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧⑤">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③⑥">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream①⑨">stream</a> in order to download the rest of the response. For convenience, you may also pass an algorithm to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-processresponseendofbody" id="ref-for-fetch-processresponseendofbody">processResponseEndOfBody</a> argument, which is called once you have finished fully reading the response and its <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③⑦">body</a>. Note that unlike <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response-end-of-body" id="ref-for-process-response-end-of-body②">processResponseConsumeBody</a>, passing the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response" id="ref-for-process-response③">processResponse</a> or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-processresponseendofbody" id="ref-for-fetch-processresponseendofbody①">processResponseEndOfBody</a> arguments does not guarantee that the response will be fully read, and callers are responsible to read it themselves. The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response" id="ref-for-process-response④">processResponse</a> argument is also useful for handling the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧⑥">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③⑧">header list</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②⑧">status</a> without handling the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③⑧">body</a> at all. This is used, for example, when handling responses that do not have an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#ok-status" id="ref-for-ok-status④">ok status</a>. <div class="example" id="example-callback-chunk-by-chunk"> <a class="self-link" href="#example-callback-chunk-by-chunk"></a> <ol> <li> Let <var>request</var> be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③⑧">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url①④">URL</a> is <code>https://stream.example.com/</code> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client③②">client</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨⑥">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object⑥">relevant settings object</a>. <li> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch③⑨">Fetch</a> <var>request</var>, with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-response" id="ref-for-process-response⑤">processResponse</a> set to the following steps given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧⑦">response</a> <var>response</var>: <ol> <li> If <var>response</var> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-network-error" id="ref-for-concept-network-error⑥①">network error</a>, then present an error to the user. <li> Otherwise, if <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status②⑨">status</a> is not an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#ok-status" id="ref-for-ok-status⑤">ok status</a>, present some fallback value to the user. <li> Otherwise, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream-get-a-reader" id="ref-for-readablestream-get-a-reader②">get a reader</a> for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧⑧">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body③⑨">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream②⓪">stream</a>, and process in an appropriate way for the MIME type identified by <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type" id="ref-for-concept-header-extract-mime-type⑨">extracting a MIME type</a> from <var>response</var>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list③⑨">headers list</a>. </ol> </ol> </div> <dt>Ignore the response <dd> In some cases, there is no need for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑧⑨">response</a> at all, e.g., in the case of <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://w3c.github.io/beacon/#dom-navigator-sendbeacon" id="ref-for-dom-navigator-sendbeacon">navigator.sendBeacon()</a></code>. Processing a response and passing callbacks to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④⓪">fetch</a> is optional, so omitting the callback would <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④①">fetch</a> without expecting a response. In such cases, the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑨⓪">response</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-body" id="ref-for-concept-response-body④⓪">body</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-body-stream" id="ref-for-concept-body-stream②①">stream</a> will be discarded, and the caller does not have to worry about downloading the contents unnecessarily. <a class="self-link" href="#example-no-callback"></a><a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④②">Fetch</a> a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①③⑨">request</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-url" id="ref-for-concept-request-url①⑤">URL</a> is <code>https://fire-and-forget.example.com/</code>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-method" id="ref-for-concept-request-method②⑦">method</a> is `<code>POST</code>`, and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client③③">client</a> is <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this⑨⑦">this</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#relevant-settings-object" id="ref-for-relevant-settings-object⑦">relevant settings object</a>. </dl> Apart from the callbacks to handle responses, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④③">fetch</a> accepts additional callbacks for advanced cases. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-processearlyhintsresponse" id="ref-for-fetch-processearlyhintsresponse">processEarlyHintsResponse</a> is intended specifically for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response⑨①">responses</a> whose <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-response-status" id="ref-for-concept-response-status③⓪">status</a> is 103, and is currently handled only by navigations. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-request-body" id="ref-for-process-request-body">processRequestBodyChunkLength</a> and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#process-request-end-of-body" id="ref-for-process-request-end-of-body">processRequestEndOfBody</a> notify the caller of request body uploading progress. Note that the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④④">fetch</a> operation starts in the same thread from which it was called, and then breaks off to run its internal operations <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel⑧">in parallel</a>. The aforementioned callbacks are posted to a given <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#event-loop" id="ref-for-event-loop">event loop</a> which is, by default, the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-client" id="ref-for-concept-request-client③④">client</a>’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-settings-object-global" id="ref-for-concept-settings-object-global⑧">global object</a>. To process responses <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#in-parallel" id="ref-for-in-parallel⑨">in parallel</a> and handle interactions with the main thread by yourself, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④⑤">fetch</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-useparallelqueue" id="ref-for-fetch-useparallelqueue①">useParallelQueue</a> set to true. <h3 class="heading settled" id="fetch-elsewhere-ongoing">Manipulating an ongoing fetch<a class="self-link" href="#fetch-elsewhere-ongoing"></a></h3> To manipulate a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④⑥">fetch</a> operation that has already started, use the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller⑧">fetch controller</a> returned by calling <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-fetch" id="ref-for-concept-fetch④⑦">fetch</a>. For example, you may <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-abort" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-abort③">abort</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller⑨">fetch controller</a> due the user or page logic, or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-terminate" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-terminate⑥">terminate</a> it due to browser-internal circumstances. In addition to terminating and aborting, callers may <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#finalize-and-report-timing" id="ref-for-finalize-and-report-timing">report timing</a> if this was not done automatically by passing the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#request-initiator-type" id="ref-for-request-initiator-type⑥">initiator type</a>, or <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#extract-full-timing-info" id="ref-for-extract-full-timing-info">extract full timing info</a> and handle it on the caller side (this is done only by navigations). The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller" id="ref-for-fetch-controller①⓪">fetch controller</a> is also used to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#fetch-controller-process-the-next-manual-redirect" id="ref-for-fetch-controller-process-the-next-manual-redirect">process the next manual redirect</a> for <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request" id="ref-for-concept-request①④⓪">requests</a> with <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#concept-request-redirect-mode" id="ref-for-concept-request-redirect-mode①④">redirect mode</a> set to "<code>manual</code>". <h2 class="no-num heading settled" id="acknowledgments">Acknowledgments<a class="self-link" href="#acknowledgments"></a></h2> Thanks to Adam Barth, Adam Lavin, Alan Jeffrey, Alexey Proskuryakov, Andreas Kling, Andrés Gutiérrez, Andrew Sutherland, Andrew Williams, Ángel González, Anssi Kostiainen, Arkadiusz Michalski, Arne Johannessen, Artem Skoretskiy, Arthur Barstow, Arthur Sonzogni, Asanka Herath, Axel Rauschmayer, Ben Kelly, Benjamin Gruenbaum, Benjamin Hawkes-Lewis, Bert Bos, Björn Höhrmann, Boris Zbarsky, Brad Hill, Brad Porter, Bryan Smith, Caitlin Potter, Cameron McCormack, Carlo Cannas, 白丞祐 (Cheng-You Bai), Chirag S Kumar, Chris Needham, Chris Rebert, Clement Pellerin, Collin Jackson, Daniel Robertson, Daniel Veditz, Dave Tapuska, David Benjamin, David Håsäther, David Orchard, Dean Jackson, Devdatta Akhawe, Domenic Denicola, Dominic Farolino, Dominique Hazaël-Massieux, Doug Turner, Douglas Creager, Eero Häkkinen, Ehsan Akhgari, Emily Stark, Eric Lawrence, Eric Orth, Feng Yu, François Marier, Frank Ellerman, Frederick Hirsch, Frederik Braun, Gary Blackwood, Gavin Carothers, Glenn Maynard, Graham Klyne, Gregory Terzian, Hal Lockhart, Hallvord R. M. Steen, Harris Hancock, Henri Sivonen, Henry Story, Hiroshige Hayashizaki, Honza Bambas, Ian Hickson, Ilya Grigorik, isonmad, Jake Archibald, James Graham, Jamie Mansfield, Janusz Majnert, Jeena Lee, Jeff Carpenter, Jeff Hodges, Jeffrey Yasskin, Jensen Chappell, Jeremy Roman, Jesse M. Heines, Jianjun Chen, Jinho Bang, Jochen Eisinger, John Wilander, Jonas Sicking, Jonathan Kingston, Jonathan Watt, 최종찬 (Jongchan Choi), Jordan Stephens, Jörn Zaefferer, Joseph Pecoraro, Josh Matthews, jub0bs, Julian Krispel-Samsel, Julian Reschke, 송정기 (Jungkee Song), Jussi Kalliokoski, Jxck, Kagami Sascha Rosylight, Keith Yeung, Kenji Baheux, Lachlan Hunt, Larry Masinter, Liam Brummitt, Linus Groh, Louis Ryan, Luca Casonato, Lucas Gonze, Łukasz Anforowicz, 呂康豪 (Kang-Hao Lu), Maciej Stachowiak, Malisa, Manfred Stock, Manish Goregaokar, Marc Silbey, Marcos Caceres, Marijn Kruisselbrink, Mark Nottingham, Mark S. Miller, Martin Dürst, Martin O’Neal, Martin Thomson, Matt Andrews, Matt Falkenhagen, Matt Menke, Matt Oshry, Matt Seddon, Matt Womer, Mhano Harkness, Michael Ficarra, Michael Kohler, Michael™ Smith, Mike Pennisi, Mike West, Mohamed Zergaoui, Mohammed Zubair Ahmed, Moritz Kneilmann, Ms2ger, Nico Schlömer, Nicolás Peña Moreno, Nidhi Jaju, Nikhil Marathe, Nikki Bee, Nikunj Mehta, Noam Rosenthal, Odin Hørthe Omdal, Olli Pettay, Ondřej Žára, O. Opsec, Patrick Meenan, Perry Jiang, Philip Jägenstedt, R. Auburn, Raphael Kubo da Costa, Robert Linder, Rondinelly, Rory Hewitt, Ross A. Baker, Ryan Sleevi, Sam Atkins, Samy Kamkar, Sébastien Cevey, Sendil Kumar N, Shao-xuan Kang, Sharath Udupa, Shivakumar Jagalur Matt, Shivani Sharma, Sigbjørn Finne, Simon Pieters, Simon Sapin, Simon Wülker, Srirama Chandra Sekhar Mogali, Stephan Paul, Steven Salat, Sunava Dutta, Surya Ismail, Tab Atkins-Bittner, Takashi Toyoshima, 吉野剛史 (Takeshi Yoshino), Thomas Roessler, Thomas Steiner, Thomas Wisniewski, Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu, Tobie Langel, Tom Schuster, Tomás Aparicio, triple-underscore, 保呂毅 (Tsuyoshi Horo), Tyler Close, Ujjwal Sharma, Vignesh Shanmugam, Vladimir Dzhuvinov, Wayne Carr, Xabier Rodríguez, Yehuda Katz, Yoav Weiss, Youenn Fablet, Yoichi Osato, 平野裕 (Yutaka Hirano), and Zhenbin Xu for being awesome. This standard is written by <a href="https://annevankesteren.nl/" lang="nl">Anne van Kesteren</a> (<a href="https://www.apple.com/">Apple</a>, <a href="mailto:annevk@annevk.nl">annevk@annevk.nl</a>). <h2 class="no-num heading settled" id="ipr">Intellectual property rights<a class="self-link" href="#ipr"></a></h2> Copyright © WHATWG (Apple, Google, Mozilla, Microsoft). This work is licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>. To the extent portions of it are incorporated into source code, such portions in the source code are licensed under the <a href="https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause" rel="license">BSD 3-Clause License</a> instead. This is the Living Standard. Those interested in the patent-review version should view the <a href="/review-drafts/2024-12/">Living Standard Review Draft</a>. </main> <script> "use strict"; if ("serviceWorker" in navigator) { navigator.serviceWorker.register("/service-worker.js"); } </script> <h2 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="index">Index<a class="self-link" href="#index"></a></h2> <h3 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="index-defined-here">Terms defined by this specification<a class="self-link" href="#index-defined-here"></a></h3> <ul class="index"> <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination">""</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#abnf">ABNF</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-abort">abort</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-params-aborted">aborted</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-response-aborted">aborted flag</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#concept-aborted-network-error">aborted network error</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#abort-fetch">Abort the fetch() call</a>, in § 5.6 <li><a href="#http-access-control-allow-credentials">Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</a>, in § 3.2.3 <li><a href="#http-access-control-allow-headers">Access-Control-Allow-Headers</a>, in § 3.2.3 <li><a href="#http-access-control-allow-methods">Access-Control-Allow-Methods</a>, in § 3.2.3 <li><a href="#http-access-control-allow-origin">Access-Control-Allow-Origin</a>, in § 3.2.3 <li><a href="#http-access-control-expose-headers">Access-Control-Expose-Headers</a>, in § 3.2.3 <li><a href="#http-access-control-max-age">Access-Control-Max-Age</a>, in § 3.2.3 <li><a href="#http-access-control-request-headers">Access-Control-Request-Headers</a>, in § 3.2.2 <li><a href="#http-access-control-request-method">Access-Control-Request-Method</a>, in § 3.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-request-add-range-header">add a range header</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#connection-timing-info-alpn-negotiated-protocol">ALPN negotiated protocol</a>, in § 2.6 <li> append <ul> <li><a href="#concept-headers-append">dfn for Headers</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#concept-header-list-append">dfn for header list</a>, in § 2.2.2 </ul> <li><a href="#append-a-request-origin-header">append a request `Origin` header</a>, in § 3.1 <li><a href="#dom-headers-append">append(name, value)</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#appropriate-network-error">appropriate network error</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-body-arraybuffer">arrayBuffer()</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#byte-sequence-as-a-body">as a body</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#atomic-http-redirect-handling">Atomic HTTP redirect handling</a>, in § Unnumbered section <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-audio">"audio"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-audioworklet">"audioworklet"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#authentication-entry">authentication entry</a>, in § 2.3 <li><a href="#dom-requestpriority-auto">"auto"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#bad-port">bad port</a>, in § 2.9 <li><a href="#dom-responsetype-basic">"basic"</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-filtered-response-basic">basic filtered response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-body-blob">blob()</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#block-bad-port">block bad port</a>, in § 2.9 <li><a href="#body">Body</a>, in § 5.3 <li> body <ul> <li><a href="#dom-body-body">attribute for Body</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#concept-body">definition of</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#concept-body-body">dfn for Body</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#body-with-type-body">dfn for body with type</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#data-url-struct-body">dfn for data: URL struct</a>, in § 6 <li><a href="#concept-request-body">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-body">dfn for response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-body">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-response-body-info">body info</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#bodyinit">BodyInit</a>, in § 5.2 <li><a href="#dom-body-bodyused">bodyUsed</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#body-with-type">body with type</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#build-a-content-range">build a content range</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#dom-body-bytes">bytes()</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#concept-cache-origin">byte-serialized origin</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#byte-serializing-a-request-origin">Byte-serializing a request origin</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li> cache <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-cache">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-cache">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#cache-entry">cache entry</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#concept-cache-match">cache entry match</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#concept-request-cache-mode">cache mode</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-cache-state">cache state</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#fetch-params-canceled">canceled</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#clamp-and-coarsen-connection-timing-info">clamp and coarsen connection timing info</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#concept-cache-clear">clear cache entries</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#concept-request-client">client</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li> clone <ul> <li><a href="#concept-body-clone">dfn for body</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#concept-request-clone">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-clone">dfn for response</a>, in § 2.2.6 </ul> <li> clone() <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-clone">method for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-response-clone">method for Response</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#collect-an-http-quoted-string">collect an HTTP quoted string</a>, in § 2.2 <li><a href="#collect-an-http-quoted-string">collecting an HTTP quoted string</a>, in § 2.2 <li><a href="#concept-header-list-combine">combine</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-connection">connection</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#connection-timing-info-connection-end-time">connection end time</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#concept-connection-pool">connection pool</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#connection-timing-info-connection-start-time">connection start time</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#connection-timing-info">connection timing info</a>, in § 2.6 <li> constructor() <ul> <li><a href="#dom-headers">constructor for Headers</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#dom-response">constructor for Response</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-response">constructor(body)</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#dom-response">constructor(body, init)</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#dom-headers">constructor(init)</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#dom-request">constructor(input)</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-request">constructor(input, init)</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-body-consume-body">consume body</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#header-list-contains">contains</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#response-body-info-content-type">content type</a>, in § 2 <li> controller <ul> <li><a href="#fetch-params-controller">dfn for fetch params</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-fetch-record-fetch">dfn for fetch record</a>, in § 2.4 </ul> <li><a href="#convert-header-names-to-a-sorted-lowercase-set">convert header names to a sorted-lowercase set</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li> "cors" <ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestmode-cors">enum-value for RequestMode</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-responsetype-cors">enum-value for ResponseType</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-cors-check">CORS check</a>, in § 4.9 <li><a href="#concept-response-cors-exposed-header-name-list">CORS-exposed header-name list</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#concept-filtered-response-cors">CORS filtered response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#cors-non-wildcard-request-header-name">CORS non-wildcard request-header name</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-cache">CORS-preflight cache</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#cors-preflight-fetch-0">CORS-preflight fetch</a>, in § 4.7 <li><a href="#cors-preflight-request">CORS-preflight request</a>, in § 3.2.2 <li><a href="#cors-protocol">CORS protocol</a>, in § 3.2 <li><a href="#cors-request">CORS request</a>, in § 3.2.2 <li><a href="#cors-safelisted-method">CORS-safelisted method</a>, in § 2.2.1 <li><a href="#cors-safelisted-request-header">CORS-safelisted request-header</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#cors-safelisted-response-header-name">CORS-safelisted response-header name</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-byte">CORS-unsafe request-header byte</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#cors-unsafe-request-header-names">CORS-unsafe request-header names</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li> create <ul> <li><a href="#request-create">dfn for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#response-create">dfn for Response</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#create-a-connection">create a connection</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#concept-cache-create-entry">create a new cache entry</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#create-an-opaque-timing-info">create an opaque timing info</a>, in § 2 <li> creating <ul> <li><a href="#request-create">dfn for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#response-create">dfn for Response</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#create-an-opaque-timing-info">creating an opaque timing info</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#credentials">Credentials</a>, in § 2 <li> credentials <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-credentials">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-cache-credentials">dfn for cache entry</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#connection-credentials">dfn for connection</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-credentials">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-request-credentials-mode">credentials mode</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#cross-origin-embedder-policy-allows-credentials">Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy allows credentials</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#fetch-params-cross-origin-isolated-capability">cross-origin isolated capability</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#http-cross-origin-resource-policy">Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</a>, in § 3.6 <li><a href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-check">cross-origin resource policy check</a>, in § 3.6 <li><a href="#cross-origin-resource-policy-internal-check">cross-origin resource policy internal check</a>, in § 3.6 <li><a href="#concept-request-nonce-metadata">cryptographic nonce metadata</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-request-current-url">current URL</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#data-url-processor">data: URL processor</a>, in § 6 <li><a href="#data-url-struct">data: URL struct</a>, in § 6 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-decoded-body-size">decoded size</a>, in § 2 <li> "default" <ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestcache-default">enum-value for RequestCache</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-responsetype-default">enum-value for ResponseType</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#default-user-agent-value">default `User-Agent` value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-header-list-delete">delete</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#dom-headers-delete">delete(name)</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#deserialize-a-serialized-abort-reason">deserialize a serialized abort reason</a>, in § 2 <li> destination <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-destination">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-request-destination">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 </ul> <li><a href="#determine-nosniff">determine nosniff</a>, in § 3.5 <li><a href="#request-determine-the-environment">determine the environment</a>, in § 4.2 <li><a href="#determine-the-http-cache-partition">determine the HTTP cache partition</a>, in § 2.8 <li> determine the network partition key <ul> <li><a href="#determine-the-network-partition-key">definition of</a>, in § 2.7 <li><a href="#request-determine-the-network-partition-key">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.7 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-document">"document"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#document-accept-header-value">document `Accept` header value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#header-list-contains">does not contain</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-end-time">domain lookup end time</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#connection-timing-info-domain-lookup-start-time">domain lookup start time</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#done-flag">done flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li> duplex <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-duplex">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-duplex">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-embed">"embed"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-encoded-body-size">encoded size</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-end-time">end time</a>, in § 2 <li> "error" <ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestredirect-error">enum-value for RequestRedirect</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-responsetype-error">enum-value for ResponseType</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-response-error">error()</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-bodyinit-extract">extract</a>, in § 5.2 <li><a href="#header-list-extract-a-length">extract a length</a>, in § 3.3 <li><a href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type">extract a MIME type</a>, in § 3.4 <li><a href="#extract-full-timing-info">extract full timing info</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#extract-header-list-values">extract header list values</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#extract-header-values">extract header values</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#header-list-extract-a-length">extracting a length</a>, in § 3.3 <li><a href="#concept-header-extract-mime-type">extracting a MIME type</a>, in § 3.4 <li><a href="#extract-header-list-values">extracting header list values</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#extract-header-values">extracting header values</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-fetch">fetch</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-controller">fetch controller</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-fetch-group">fetch group</a>, in § 2.4 <li><a href="#dom-global-fetch">fetch(input)</a>, in § 5.6 <li><a href="#dom-global-fetch">fetch(input, init)</a>, in § 5.6 <li><a href="#fetch-params">fetch params</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-fetch-record">fetch record</a>, in § 2.4 <li><a href="#fetch-finale">fetch response handover</a>, in § 4.1 <li><a href="#fetch-scheme">fetch scheme</a>, in § 2.1 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info">fetch timing info</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-headers-fill">fill</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#concept-filtered-response">filtered response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-final-connection-timing-info">final connection timing info</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-final-network-request-start-time">final network-request start time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-final-network-response-start-time">final network-response start time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-final-service-worker-start-time">final service worker start time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-first-interim-network-response-start-time">first interim network-response start time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#dom-requestredirect-follow">"follow"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-font">"font"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#forbidden-method">forbidden method</a>, in § 2.2.1 <li><a href="#forbidden-request-header">forbidden request-header</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#forbidden-response-header-name">forbidden response-header name</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#dom-requestcache-force-cache">"force-cache"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-body-formdata">formData()</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-frame">"frame"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-fresh-response">fresh response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-full-timing-info">full timing info</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#body-fully-read">fully read</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#concept-header-list-get">get</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-header-list-get-structured-header">get a structured field value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li> get, decode, and split <ul> <li><a href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split">dfn for header list</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#header-value-get-decode-and-split">dfn for header value</a>, in § 2.2.2 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-headers-get">get(name)</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#dom-headers-getsetcookie">getSetCookie()</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#concept-body-mime-type">get the MIME type</a>, in § 5.3 <li> getting, decoding, and splitting <ul> <li><a href="#concept-header-list-get-decode-split">dfn for header list</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#header-value-get-decode-and-split">dfn for header value</a>, in § 2.2.2 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-headers-guard">guard</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#dom-requestduplex-half">"half"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#handle-content-codings">handle content codings</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#response-has-cross-origin-redirects">has-cross-origin-redirects</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-headers-has">has(name)</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#concept-header">header</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li> header list <ul> <li><a href="#concept-header-list">definition of</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-headers-header-list">dfn for Headers</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#concept-request-header-list">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-header-list">dfn for response</a>, in § 2.2.6 </ul> <li> header name <ul> <li><a href="#header-name">definition of</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-cache-header-name">dfn for cache entry</a>, in § 4.8 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-cache-match-header">header-name cache entry match</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#headers">Headers</a>, in § 5.1 <li> headers <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-headers">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-response-headers">attribute for Response</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#request-headers">dfn for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#response-headers">dfn for Response</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-headers">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-responseinit-headers">dict-member for ResponseInit</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-headers">Headers()</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#headers-guard">headers guard</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#dom-headers">Headers(init)</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#typedefdef-headersinit">HeadersInit</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#header-value">header value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#dom-requestpriority-high">"high"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-request-history-navigation-flag">history-navigation flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-http-fetch">HTTP fetch</a>, in § 4.3 <li><a href="#http-header-layer-division">HTTP header layer division</a>, in § Unnumbered section <li><a href="#concept-http-network-fetch">HTTP-network fetch</a>, in § 4.6 <li><a href="#concept-http-network-or-cache-fetch">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</a>, in § 4.5 <li><a href="#http-newline-byte">HTTP newline byte</a>, in § 2.2 <li><a href="#concept-http-redirect-fetch">HTTP-redirect fetch</a>, in § 4.4 <li><a href="#http-scheme">HTTP(S) scheme</a>, in § 2.1 <li><a href="#http-tab-or-space">HTTP tab or space</a>, in § 2.2 <li><a href="#http-tab-or-space-byte">HTTP tab or space byte</a>, in § 2.2 <li><a href="#http-whitespace">HTTP whitespace</a>, in § 2.2 <li><a href="#http-whitespace-byte">HTTP whitespace byte</a>, in § 2.2 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-iframe">"iframe"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-image">"image"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestcredentials-include">"include"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#body-incrementally-read">incrementally read</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#incrementally-read-loop">incrementally-read loop</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#initialize-a-response">initialize a response</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-request-initiator">initiator</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#request-initiator-type">initiator type</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li> integrity <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-integrity">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-integrity">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-request-integrity-metadata">integrity metadata</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#request-internal-priority">internal priority</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-internal-response">internal response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-request-ishistorynavigation">isHistoryNavigation</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#is-local">is local</a>, in § 2.1 <li><a href="#dom-request-isreloadnavigation">isReloadNavigation</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-json">"json"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-body-json">json()</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#dom-response-json">json(data)</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#dom-response-json">json(data, init)</a>, in § 5.5 <li> keepalive <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-keepalive">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#keepalive">dfn for BodyInit/extract</a>, in § 5.2 <li><a href="#request-keepalive-flag">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-keepalive">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li> key <ul> <li><a href="#concept-cache-key">dfn for cache entry</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#connection-key">dfn for connection</a>, in § 2.6 </ul> <li><a href="#legacy-extract-an-encoding">legacy extract an encoding</a>, in § 3.4 <li><a href="#concept-body-total-bytes">length</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#local-scheme">local scheme</a>, in § 2.1 <li><a href="#local-urls-only-flag">local-URLs-only flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-location-url">location URL</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-requestpriority-low">"low"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-main-fetch">main fetch</a>, in § 4.1 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-manifest">"manifest"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestredirect-manual">"manual"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-cache-max-age">max-age</a>, in § 4.8 <li> method <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-method">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-method">definition of</a>, in § 2.2.1 <li><a href="#concept-cache-method">dfn for cache entry</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#concept-request-method">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-method">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-cache-match-method">method cache entry match</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#data-url-struct-mime-type">MIME type</a>, in § 6 <li> mode <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-mode">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-request-mode">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-mode">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-header-name">name</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#dom-requestmode-navigate">"navigate"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#navigation-request">navigation request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-network-error">network error</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#network-partition-key">network partition key</a>, in § 2.7 <li><a href="#new-connection-setting">new connection setting</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-next-manual-redirect-steps">next manual redirect steps</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#dom-requestcache-no-cache">"no-cache"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestmode-no-cors">"no-cors"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#no-cors-safelisted-request-header">no-CORS-safelisted request-header</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#no-cors-safelisted-request-header-name">no-CORS-safelisted request-header name</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#non-subresource-request">non-subresource request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li> normalize <ul> <li><a href="#concept-header-value-normalize">dfn for header value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-method-normalize">dfn for method</a>, in § 2.2.1 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestcache-no-store">"no-store"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#null-body-status">null body status</a>, in § 2.2.3 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-object">"object"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-connection-obtain">obtain a connection</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#dom-response-ok">ok</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#ok-status">ok status</a>, in § 2.2.3 <li><a href="#dom-requestcredentials-omit">"omit"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestcache-only-if-cached">"only-if-cached"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-responsetype-opaque">"opaque"</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque">opaque filtered response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-responsetype-opaqueredirect">"opaqueredirect"</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-filtered-response-opaque-redirect">opaque-redirect filtered response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#http-origin">Origin</a>, in § 3.1 <li> origin <ul> <li><a href="#connection-origin">dfn for connection</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#concept-request-origin">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-paintworklet">"paintworklet"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#simple-range-header-value">parse a single range header value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-request-parser-metadata">parser metadata</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-request-policy-container">policy container</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#populate-request-from-client">populate request from client</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-post-redirect-start-time">post-redirect start time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-potential-destination">potential destination</a>, in § 2.2.7 <li><a href="#fetch-params-preloaded-response-candidate">preloaded response candidate</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#no-cache-prevent-cache-control">prevent no-cache cache-control header modification flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li> priority <ul> <li><a href="#request-priority">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-priority">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#privileged-no-cors-request-header-name">privileged no-CORS request-header name</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#fetch-params-process-early-hints-response">process early hints response</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-processearlyhintsresponse">processEarlyHintsResponse</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-params-process-request-body">process request body chunk length</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#process-request-body">processRequestBodyChunkLength</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-params-process-request-end-of-body">process request end-of-body</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#process-request-end-of-body">processRequestEndOfBody</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-params-process-response">process response</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#process-response">processResponse</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-params-process-response-consume-body">process response consume body</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#process-response-end-of-body">processResponseConsumeBody</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-params-process-response-end-of-body">process response end-of-body</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-processresponseendofbody">processResponseEndOfBody</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-process-the-next-manual-redirect">process the next manual redirect</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#proxy-authentication-entry">proxy-authentication entry</a>, in § 2.3 <li><a href="#queue-a-cross-origin-embedder-policy-corp-violation-report">queue a cross-origin embedder policy CORP violation report</a>, in § 3.6 <li><a href="#queue-a-fetch-task">queue a fetch task</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-response-range-requested-flag">range-requested flag</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#record-connection-timing-info">record connection timing info</a>, in § 2.6 <li> redirect <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-redirect">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-redirect">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-request-redirect-count">redirect count</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-response-redirected">redirected</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-redirect-end-time">redirect end time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-request-redirect-mode">redirect mode</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-redirect-start-time">redirect start time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#redirect-status">redirect status</a>, in § 2.2.3 <li><a href="#concept-request-tainted-origin">redirect-tainted origin</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-response-redirect">redirect(url)</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#dom-response-redirect">redirect(url, status)</a>, in § 5.5 <li> referrer <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-referrer">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-request-referrer">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-referrer">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-request-referrer-policy">referrer policy</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li> referrerPolicy <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-referrerpolicy">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-referrerpolicy">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestcache-reload">"reload"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-request-reload-navigation-flag">reload-navigation flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-headers-remove-privileged-no-cors-request-headers">remove privileged no-CORS request-headers</a>, in § 5.1 <li> render-blocking <ul> <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-render-blocking">dfn for fetch timing info</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#request-render-blocking">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-request-replaces-client-id">replaces client id</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-report">"report"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#finalize-and-report-timing">report timing</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-report-timing-steps">report timing steps</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#request">Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li> request <ul> <li><a href="#concept-request">definition of</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-request-request">dfn for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#fetch-params-request">dfn for fetch params</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-fetch-record-request">dfn for fetch record</a>, in § 2.4 </ul> <li><a href="#request-body-header-name">request-body-header name</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#requestcache">RequestCache</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#requestcredentials">RequestCredentials</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#requestdestination">RequestDestination</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#enumdef-requestduplex">RequestDuplex</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#response-request-includes-credentials">request-includes-credentials</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#requestinfo">RequestInfo</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#requestinit">RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-request">Request(input)</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-request">Request(input, init)</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#requestmode">RequestMode</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#enumdef-requestpriority">RequestPriority</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#requestredirect">RequestRedirect</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#obtain-a-connection-requireunreliable">requireUnreliable</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#concept-request-reserved-client">reserved client</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#resolve-an-origin">resolve an origin</a>, in § 2.5 <li><a href="#response">Response</a>, in § 5.5 <li> response <ul> <li><a href="#concept-response">definition of</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#concept-response-response">dfn for Response</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-response">Response()</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#dom-response">Response(body)</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#response-body-info">response body info</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#dom-response">Response(body, init)</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#responseinit">ResponseInit</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-request-response-tainting">response tainting</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#responsetype">ResponseType</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-fetch-resume">resumed</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#bodyinit-safely-extract">safely extract</a>, in § 5.2 <li> "same-origin" <ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestcredentials-same-origin">enum-value for RequestCredentials</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestmode-same-origin">enum-value for RequestMode</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-scheme-fetch">scheme fetch</a>, in § 4.2 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-script">"script"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#request-destination-script-like">script-like</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#http-sec-purpose">Sec-Purpose</a>, in § 3.7 <li><a href="#connection-timing-info-secure-connection-start-time">secure connection start time</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#serialize-an-integer">serialize an integer</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#serialize-a-response-url-for-reporting">serialize a response URL for reporting</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-serialized-abort-reason">serialized abort reason</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#serializing-a-request-origin">Serializing a request origin</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-server-timing-headers">server-timing headers</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#request-service-workers-mode">service-workers mode</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#response-service-worker-timing-info">service worker timing info</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#concept-header-list-set">set</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-header-list-set-structured-header">set a structured field value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#dom-headers-set">set(name, value)</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-sharedworker">"sharedworker"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-mime-type?">should response to request be blocked due to mime type</a>, in § 2.9 <li><a href="#should-response-to-request-be-blocked-due-to-nosniff?">should response to request be blocked due to nosniff</a>, in § 3.5 <li> signal <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-signal">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#request-signal">dfn for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-signal">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-header-list-sort-and-combine">sort and combine</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#concept-body-source">source</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#concept-stale-response">stale response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#concept-stale-while-revalidate-response">stale-while-revalidate response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#fetch-timing-info-start-time">start time</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-state">state</a>, in § 2 <li> status <ul> <li><a href="#dom-response-status">attribute for Response</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#concept-status">definition of</a>, in § 2.2.3 <li><a href="#concept-response-status">dfn for response</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li><a href="#dom-responseinit-status">dict-member for ResponseInit</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-response-status-message">status message</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li> statusText <ul> <li><a href="#dom-response-statustext">attribute for Response</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#dom-responseinit-statustext">dict-member for ResponseInit</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li><a href="#concept-body-stream">stream</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-style">"style"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#subresource-request">subresource request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-fetch-suspend">suspend</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#concept-tao-check">TAO check</a>, in § 4.10 <li><a href="#fetch-params-task-destination">task destination</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#fetch-controller-terminate">terminate</a>, in § 2 <li><a href="#concept-fetch-group-terminate">terminated</a>, in § 2.4 <li><a href="#dom-body-text">text()</a>, in § 5.3 <li><a href="#timing-allow-failed">timing allow failed flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-timing-allow-passed">timing allow passed flag</a>, in § 2.2.6 <li> timing info <ul> <li><a href="#concept-connection-timing-info">dfn for connection</a>, in § 2.6 <li><a href="#fetch-params-timing-info">dfn for fetch params</a>, in § 2 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-track">"track"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#concept-potential-destination-translate">translate</a>, in § 2.2.7 <li> type <ul> <li><a href="#dom-response-type">attribute for Response</a>, in § 5.5 <li><a href="#body-with-type-type">dfn for body with type</a>, in § 2.2.4 <li><a href="#concept-response-type">dfn for response</a>, in § 2.2.6 </ul> <li><a href="#unsafe-request-flag">unsafe-request flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#body-unusable">unusable</a>, in § 5.3 <li> URL <ul> <li><a href="#concept-cache-url">dfn for cache entry</a>, in § 4.8 <li><a href="#concept-request-url">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-url">dfn for response</a>, in § 2.2.6 </ul> <li> url <ul> <li><a href="#dom-request-url">attribute for Request</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#dom-response-url">attribute for Response</a>, in § 5.5 </ul> <li> URL list <ul> <li><a href="#concept-request-url-list">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-response-url-list">dfn for response</a>, in § 2.2.6 </ul> <li><a href="#use-cors-preflight-flag">use-CORS-preflight flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#fetch-useparallelqueue">useParallelQueue</a>, in § 4 <li><a href="#request-user-activation">user-activation</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#concept-request-use-url-credentials-flag">use-URL-credentials flag</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#headers-validate">validate</a>, in § 5.1 <li><a href="#concept-header-value">value</a>, in § 2.2.2 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-video">"video"</a>, in § 5.4 <li> window <ul> <li><a href="#concept-request-window">dfn for request</a>, in § 2.2.5 <li><a href="#dom-requestinit-window">dict-member for RequestInit</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-worker">"worker"</a>, in § 5.4 <li><a href="#http-x-content-type-options">X-Content-Type-Options</a>, in § 3.5 <li><a href="#typedefdef-xmlhttprequestbodyinit">XMLHttpRequestBodyInit</a>, in § 5.2 <li><a href="#dom-requestdestination-xslt">"xslt"</a>, in § 5.4 </ul> <h3 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="index-defined-elsewhere">Terms defined by reference<a class="self-link" href="#index-defined-elsewhere"></a></h3> <ul class="index"> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[BEACON]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>sendBeacon() </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[CSP]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>Report Content Security Policy violations for request <li>Should request be blocked by Content Security Policy? <li>Should response to request be blocked by Content Security Policy? </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[CSS-VALUES-4]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>fetch a style resource </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[DOM]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>AbortSignal <li>Document <li>abort reason <li>aborted <li>add <li>create a dependent abort signal <li>element <li>node document <li>origin </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[ECMASCRIPT]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>current realm <li>realm <li>Record </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[ENCODING]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>encoding <li>getting an encoding <li>UTF-8 <li>UTF-8 decode <li>UTF-8 decode without BOM <li>UTF-8 encode </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[FETCH-METADATA]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>append the Fetch metadata headers for a request <li>Sec-Fetch-Dest </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[FILEAPI]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>Blob <li>File <li>get stream <li>name <li>obtain a blob object <li>size <li>slice blob <li>type </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[HR-TIME-3]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>DOMHighResTimeStamp <li>coarsen time <li>coarsened shared current time <li>relative high resolution time <li>unsafe shared current time </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[HTML]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>"coep" report type <li>EventSource <li>StructuredDeserialize <li>StructuredSerialize <li>Window <li>WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope <li>Worker <li>active document <li>ancestor navigables <li>API base URL <li>ASCII serialization of an origin <li>associated Document <li>clone a policy container <li>consume a preloaded resource <li>credentialless <li>cross-origin isolated capability <li>current settings object <li>download the hyperlink <li>embedder policy <li>embedder policy value <li>enqueue steps <li>entry <li>environment <li>environment settings object <li>event loop <li>fetch a classic script <li>form <li>global object <li>global object (for environment settings object) <li>host <li>id <li>in parallel <li>multipart/form-data boundary string <li>multipart/form-data encoding algorithm <li>navigate <li>navigating <li>networking task source <li>obtain a site <li>opaque origin <li>origin <li>origin (for environment settings object) <li>parallel queue <li>policy container <li>policy container (for environment settings object) <li>queue a global task <li>referrer policy <li>relevant global object <li>relevant realm <li>relevant settings object <li>report only reporting endpoint <li>report only value <li>reporting endpoint <li>require-corp <li>resource fetch algorithm <li>same origin <li>scheme <li>schemelessly same site <li>secure context <li>serialization of an origin <li>site <li>starting a new parallel queue <li>target browsing context <li>top-level creation URL <li>top-level origin <li>tuple origin <li>unsafe-none <li>value </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[HTTP]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>field-name <li>field-value <li>method <li>unsafe </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[HTTP-CACHING]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>Constructing Responses from Caches <li>current age <li>delta-seconds <li>Freshening Stored Responses upon Validation <li>freshness lifetime <li>Invalidating Stored Responses <li>Sending a Validation Request <li>Storing Responses in Caches </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[HTTP1]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>reason-phrase </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[INFRA]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>abort when <li>append (for list) <li>append (for set) <li>ASCII case-insensitive <li>ASCII digit <li>ASCII string <li>ASCII whitespace <li>assert <li>break <li>byte less than <li>byte sequence <li>byte-case-insensitive <li>byte-lowercase <li>byte-uppercase <li>clone <li>code point <li>collect a sequence of code points <li>collecting a sequence of code points <li>contain <li>continue <li>exist <li>for each (for list) <li>for each (for map) <li>forgiving-base64 decode <li>if aborted <li>implementation-defined <li>is empty <li>is not empty (for list) <li>is not empty (for map) <li>isomorphic decode <li>isomorphic encode <li>item (for list) <li>item (for struct) <li>length <li>list <li>ordered set <li>parse JSON from bytes <li>position variable <li>remove <li>scalar value string <li>serialize a JavaScript value to JSON bytes <li>set <li>size <li>sorting <li>starts with (for byte sequence) <li>starts with (for string) <li>string <li>strip leading and trailing ASCII whitespace <li>struct <li>tuple </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[MIMESNIFF]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>essence <li>JavaScript MIME type <li>MIME type <li>minimize a supported MIME type <li>parameters <li>parse a MIME type <li>serialize a MIME type <li>serialize a MIME type to bytes </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[MIX]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>Should fetching request be blocked as mixed content? <li>Should response to request be blocked as mixed content? <li>Upgrade a mixed content request to a potentially trustworthy URL, if appropriate </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[REFERRER]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>ReferrerPolicy <li>Determine request's Referrer <li>referrer policy <li>Set request's referrer policy on redirect </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[REPORTING]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>generate and queue a report </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[RESOURCE-TIMING]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>mark resource timing </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[RFC9651]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>parsing structured fields <li>serializing structured fields <li>structured field token <li>structured field value <li>structured header </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[SRI]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>Do bytes match metadataList? </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[STALE-WHILE-REVALIDATE]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>stale-while-revalidate lifetime </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[STREAMS]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>ReadableStream <li>ReadableStreamDefaultReader <li>TransformStream <li>cancel <li>cancelAlgorithm <li>chunk steps <li>close <li>close steps <li>creating a proxy <li>disturbed <li>enqueue (for ReadableStream) <li>enqueue (for TransformStream) <li>error <li>error steps <li>errored <li>flushAlgorithm <li>get a reader <li>getReader() <li>getting a reader <li>identity transform stream <li>locked <li>piped through <li>pull from bytes <li>pullAlgorithm <li>read a chunk <li>read all bytes <li>read request <li>readable <li>set up <li>set up with byte reading support <li>teeing <li>transformAlgorithm </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[SW]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>ServiceWorkerGlobalScope <li>fetch <li>Handle Fetch <li>service worker timing info </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[UPGRADE-INSECURE-REQUESTS]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>Upgrade request to a potentially trustworthy URL, if appropriate </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[URL]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>URLSearchParams <li>absolute-URL-with-fragment string <li>blob URL entry <li>domain <li>exclude fragment <li>fragment <li>host <li>host (for url) <li>include credentials <li>includes credentials <li>IP address <li>IPv6 address <li>list <li>origin <li>password <li>path <li>percent-decode <li>port <li>public suffix <li>scheme <li>set the password <li>set the username <li>URL <li>URL parser <li>URL serializer <li>urlencoded parser <li>urlencoded serializer <li>username </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[WEBIDL]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>AbortError <li>ArrayBuffer <li>BufferSource <li>ByteString <li>DOMException <li>DOMString <li>Exposed <li>NewObject <li>Promise <li>RangeError <li>SameObject <li>SyntaxError <li>TypeError <li>USVString <li>Uint8Array <li>a new promise <li>a promise rejected with <li>any <li>boolean <li>create (for ArrayBuffer) <li>create (for ArrayBufferView) <li>exception <li>get a copy of the buffer source <li>interface <li>new <li>record <li>reject <li>resolve <li>sequence <li>this <li>throw <li>undefined <li>unsigned short <li>value pairs to iterate over </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[WEBSOCKETS]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>WebSocket <li>establish a WebSocket connection <li>obtain a WebSocket connection </ul> <li> <a data-link-type="biblio">[XHR]</a> defines the following terms: <ul> <li>FormData <li>XMLHttpRequest <li>XMLHttpRequestUpload <li>entry list </ul> </ul> <h2 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="references">References<a class="self-link" href="#references"></a></h2> <h3 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="normative">Normative References<a class="self-link" href="#normative"></a></h3> <dl> <dt id="biblio-abnf">[ABNF] <dd>D. Crocker, Ed.; P. Overell. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5234"><cite>Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF</cite></a>. January 2008. Internet Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5234">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5234</a> <dt id="biblio-beacon">[BEACON] <dd>Ilya Grigorik; Alois Reitbauer. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/beacon/"><cite>Beacon</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/beacon/">https://w3c.github.io/beacon/</a> <dt id="biblio-cookies">[COOKIES] <dd>A. Barth. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc6265.html"><cite>HTTP State Management Mechanism</cite></a>. April 2011. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc6265.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc6265.html</a> <dt id="biblio-csp">[CSP] <dd>Mike West; Antonio Sartori. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-csp/"><cite>Content Security Policy Level 3</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-csp/">https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-csp/</a> <dt id="biblio-css-values-4">[CSS-VALUES-4] <dd>Tab Atkins Jr.; Elika Etemad. <a href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/"><cite>CSS Values and Units Module Level 4</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/">https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-4/</a> <dt id="biblio-dom">[DOM] <dd>Anne van Kesteren. <a href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>DOM Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/">https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-ecmascript">[ECMASCRIPT] <dd><a href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/"><cite>ECMAScript Language Specification</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/">https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/</a> <dt id="biblio-encoding">[ENCODING] <dd>Anne van Kesteren. <a href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>Encoding Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/">https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-fetch-metadata">[FETCH-METADATA] <dd>Mike West. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-fetch-metadata/"><cite>Fetch Metadata Request Headers</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-fetch-metadata/">https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-fetch-metadata/</a> <dt id="biblio-fileapi">[FILEAPI] <dd>Marijn Kruisselbrink. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/"><cite>File API</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/">https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/</a> <dt id="biblio-hr-time-3">[HR-TIME-3] <dd>Yoav Weiss. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/"><cite>High Resolution Time</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/">https://w3c.github.io/hr-time/</a> <dt id="biblio-hsts">[HSTS] <dd>J. Hodges; C. Jackson; A. Barth. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6797"><cite>HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)</cite></a>. November 2012. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6797">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6797</a> <dt id="biblio-html">[HTML] <dd>Anne van Kesteren; et al. <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/"><cite>HTML Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/">https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/</a> <dt id="biblio-http">[HTTP] <dd>R. Fielding, Ed.; M. Nottingham, Ed.; J. Reschke, Ed.. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html"><cite>HTTP Semantics</cite></a>. June 2022. Internet Standard. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9110.html</a> <dt id="biblio-http-caching">[HTTP-CACHING] <dd>R. Fielding, Ed.; M. Nottingham, Ed.; J. Reschke, Ed.. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html"><cite>HTTP Caching</cite></a>. June 2022. Internet Standard. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9111.html</a> <dt id="biblio-http1">[HTTP1] <dd>R. Fielding, Ed.; M. Nottingham, Ed.; J. Reschke, Ed.. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9112.html"><cite>HTTP/1.1</cite></a>. June 2022. Internet Standard. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9112.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9112.html</a> <dt id="biblio-http3">[HTTP3] <dd>M. Bishop, Ed.. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9114.html"><cite>HTTP/3</cite></a>. June 2022. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9114.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9114.html</a> <dt id="biblio-http3-datagram">[HTTP3-DATAGRAM] <dd>D. Schinazi; L. Pardue. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9297"><cite>HTTP Datagrams and the Capsule Protocol</cite></a>. August 2022. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9297">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9297</a> <dt id="biblio-infra">[INFRA] <dd>Anne van Kesteren; Domenic Denicola. <a href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>Infra Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/">https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-mimesniff">[MIMESNIFF] <dd>Gordon P. Hemsley. <a href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>MIME Sniffing Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/">https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-mix">[MIX] <dd>Emily Stark; Mike West; Carlos IbarraLopez. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-mixed-content/"><cite>Mixed Content</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-mixed-content/">https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-mixed-content/</a> <dt id="biblio-referrer">[REFERRER] <dd>Jochen Eisinger; Emily Stark. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/"><cite>Referrer Policy</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/">https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/</a> <dt id="biblio-reporting">[REPORTING] <dd>Douglas Creager; Ian Clelland; Mike West. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/reporting/"><cite>Reporting API</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/reporting/">https://w3c.github.io/reporting/</a> <dt id="biblio-resource-timing">[RESOURCE-TIMING] <dd>Yoav Weiss; Noam Rosenthal. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/resource-timing/"><cite>Resource Timing</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/resource-timing/">https://w3c.github.io/resource-timing/</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc7405">[RFC7405] <dd>P. Kyzivat. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7405"><cite>Case-Sensitive String Support in ABNF</cite></a>. December 2014. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7405">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7405</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc7578">[RFC7578] <dd>L. Masinter. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7578"><cite>Returning Values from Forms: multipart/form-data</cite></a>. July 2015. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7578">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7578</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc9218">[RFC9218] <dd>K. Oku; L. Pardue. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9218.html"><cite>Extensible Prioritization Scheme for HTTP</cite></a>. June 2022. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9218.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9218.html</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc9651">[RFC9651] <dd>M. Nottingham; P-H. Kamp. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9651"><cite>Structured Field Values for HTTP</cite></a>. September 2024. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9651">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9651</a> <dt id="biblio-sri">[SRI] <dd>Devdatta Akhawe; et al. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-subresource-integrity/"><cite>Subresource Integrity</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-subresource-integrity/">https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-subresource-integrity/</a> <dt id="biblio-stale-while-revalidate">[STALE-WHILE-REVALIDATE] <dd>M. Nottingham. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc5861.html"><cite>HTTP Cache-Control Extensions for Stale Content</cite></a>. May 2010. Informational. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc5861.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc5861.html</a> <dt id="biblio-streams">[STREAMS] <dd>Adam Rice; et al. <a href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>Streams Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/">https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-svcb">[SVCB] <dd>Ben Schwartz; Mike Bishop; Erik Nygren. <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-dnsop-svcb-https"><cite>Service binding and parameter specification via the DNS (DNS SVCB and HTTPS RRs)</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-dnsop-svcb-https">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-dnsop-svcb-https</a> <dt id="biblio-sw">[SW] <dd>Yoshisato Yanagisawa; Monica CHINTALA. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/"><cite>Service Workers</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/">https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/</a> <dt id="biblio-tls">[TLS] <dd>E. Rescorla. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8446"><cite>The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3</cite></a>. August 2018. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8446">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8446</a> <dt id="biblio-upgrade-insecure-requests">[UPGRADE-INSECURE-REQUESTS] <dd>Mike West. <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-upgrade-insecure-requests/"><cite>Upgrade Insecure Requests</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-upgrade-insecure-requests/">https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-upgrade-insecure-requests/</a> <dt id="biblio-url">[URL] <dd>Anne van Kesteren. <a href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>URL Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/">https://url.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-webidl">[WEBIDL] <dd>Edgar Chen; Timothy Gu. <a href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>Web IDL Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/">https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-websockets">[WEBSOCKETS] <dd>Adam Rice. <a href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>WebSockets Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/">https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/</a> <dt id="biblio-webtransport-http3">[WEBTRANSPORT-HTTP3] <dd>V. Vasiliev. <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-webtrans-http3"><cite>WebTransport over HTTP/3</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-webtrans-http3">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-webtrans-http3</a> <dt id="biblio-xhr">[XHR] <dd>Anne van Kesteren. <a href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/"><cite>XMLHttpRequest Standard</cite></a>. Living Standard. URL: <a href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/">https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/</a> </dl> <h3 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="informative">Informative References<a class="self-link" href="#informative"></a></h3> <dl> <dt id="biblio-httpverbsec1">[HTTPVERBSEC1] <dd><a href="https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/867593"><cite>Multiple vendors' web servers enable HTTP TRACE method by default.</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/867593">https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/867593</a> <dt id="biblio-httpverbsec2">[HTTPVERBSEC2] <dd><a href="https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/288308"><cite>Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) vulnerable to cross-site scripting via HTTP TRACK method.</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/288308">https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/288308</a> <dt id="biblio-httpverbsec3">[HTTPVERBSEC3] <dd><a href="https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/150227"><cite>HTTP proxy default configurations allow arbitrary TCP connections.</cite></a>. URL: <a href="https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/150227">https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/150227</a> <dt id="biblio-navigation-timing">[NAVIGATION-TIMING] <dd>Zhiheng Wang. <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/navigation-timing/"><cite>Navigation Timing</cite></a>. 17 December 2012. REC. URL: <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/navigation-timing/">https://www.w3.org/TR/navigation-timing/</a> <dt id="biblio-origin">[ORIGIN] <dd>A. Barth. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6454"><cite>The Web Origin Concept</cite></a>. December 2011. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6454">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6454</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc1035">[RFC1035] <dd>P. Mockapetris. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1035"><cite>Domain names - implementation and specification</cite></a>. November 1987. Internet Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1035">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1035</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc2397">[RFC2397] <dd>L. Masinter. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2397"><cite>The "data" URL scheme</cite></a>. August 1998. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2397">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2397</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc6960">[RFC6960] <dd>S. Santesson; et al. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6960"><cite>X.509 Internet Public Key Infrastructure Online Certificate Status Protocol - OCSP</cite></a>. June 2013. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6960">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6960</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc7301">[RFC7301] <dd>S. Friedl; et al. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7301"><cite>Transport Layer Security (TLS) Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Extension</cite></a>. July 2014. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7301">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7301</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc7918">[RFC7918] <dd>A. Langley; N. Modadugu; B. Moeller. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7918"><cite>Transport Layer Security (TLS) False Start</cite></a>. August 2016. Informational. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7918">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7918</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc8470">[RFC8470] <dd>M. Thomson; M. Nottingham; W. Tarreau. <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc8470.html"><cite>Using Early Data in HTTP</cite></a>. September 2018. Proposed Standard. URL: <a href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc8470.html">https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc8470.html</a> <dt id="biblio-rfc9163">[RFC9163] <dd>E. Stark. <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9163"><cite>Expect-CT Extension for HTTP</cite></a>. June 2022. Experimental. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9163">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9163</a> </dl> <h2 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="idl-index">IDL Index<a class="self-link" href="#idl-index"></a></h2> <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence"><c- b>sequence</c-></a><<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence"><c- b>sequence</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>>> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-record"><c- b>record</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>>) <a href="#typedefdef-headersinit"><code><c- g>HeadersInit</c-></code></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#Exposed"><c- g>Exposed</c-></a>=(<c- n>Window</c->,<c- n>Worker</c->)] <c- b>interface</c-> <a href="#headers"><code><c- g>Headers</c-></code></a> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-headers"><c- g>constructor</c-></a>(<c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-headersinit"><c- n>HeadersInit</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-headers-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></a>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined"><c- b>undefined</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-append"><c- g>append</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-append-name-value-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></a>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-append-name-value-value"><code><c- g>value</c-></code></a>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined"><c- b>undefined</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-delete"><c- g>delete</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-delete-name-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></a>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>? <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-get"><c- g>get</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-get-name-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></a>); <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence"><c- b>sequence</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-getsetcookie"><c- g>getSetCookie</c-></a>(); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-has"><c- g>has</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-has-name-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></a>); <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined"><c- b>undefined</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-headers-set"><c- g>set</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-set-name-value-name"><code><c- g>name</c-></code></a>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-headers-set-name-value-value"><code><c- g>value</c-></code></a>); <c- b>iterable</c-><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>, <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a>>; }; <c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob"><c- n>Blob</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#BufferSource"><c- n>BufferSource</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata"><c- n>FormData</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlsearchparams"><c- n>URLSearchParams</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a>) <a href="#typedefdef-xmlhttprequestbodyinit"><code><c- g>XMLHttpRequestBodyInit</c-></code></a>; <c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream"><c- n>ReadableStream</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-xmlhttprequestbodyinit"><c- n>XMLHttpRequestBodyInit</c-></a>) <a href="#bodyinit"><code><c- g>BodyInit</c-></code></a>; <c- b>interface</c-> <c- b>mixin</c-> <a href="#body"><code><c- g>Body</c-></code></a> { <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/#readablestream"><c- n>ReadableStream</c-></a>? <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ReadableStream?" href="#dom-body-body"><c- g>body</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-body-bodyused"><c- g>bodyUsed</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ArrayBuffer"><c- b>ArrayBuffer</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-arraybuffer"><c- g>arrayBuffer</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/FileAPI/#dfn-Blob"><c- n>Blob</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-blob"><c- g>blob</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-Uint8Array"><c- b>Uint8Array</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-bytes"><c- g>bytes</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata"><c- n>FormData</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-formdata"><c- g>formData</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-any"><c- b>any</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-json"><c- g>json</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-body-text"><c- g>text</c-></a>(); }; <c- b>typedef</c-> (<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#request"><c- n>Request</c-></a> <c- b>or</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a>) <a href="#requestinfo"><code><c- g>RequestInfo</c-></code></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#Exposed"><c- g>Exposed</c-></a>=(<c- n>Window</c->,<c- n>Worker</c->)] <c- b>interface</c-> <a href="#request"><code><c- g>Request</c-></code></a> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-request"><c- g>constructor</c-></a>(<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinfo"><c- n>RequestInfo</c-></a> <a href="#dom-request-request-input-init-input"><code><c- g>input</c-></code></a>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinit"><c- n>RequestInit</c-></a> <a href="#dom-request-request-input-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></a> = {}); <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ByteString" href="#dom-request-method"><c- g>method</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="USVString" href="#dom-request-url"><c- g>url</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#SameObject"><c- g>SameObject</c-></a>] <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#headers"><c- n>Headers</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="Headers" href="#dom-request-headers"><c- g>headers</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestdestination"><c- n>RequestDestination</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestDestination" href="#dom-request-destination"><c- g>destination</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="USVString" href="#dom-request-referrer"><c- g>referrer</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#enumdef-referrerpolicy"><c- n>ReferrerPolicy</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ReferrerPolicy" href="#dom-request-referrerpolicy"><c- g>referrerPolicy</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestmode"><c- n>RequestMode</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestMode" href="#dom-request-mode"><c- g>mode</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcredentials"><c- n>RequestCredentials</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestCredentials" href="#dom-request-credentials"><c- g>credentials</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcache"><c- n>RequestCache</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestCache" href="#dom-request-cache"><c- g>cache</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestredirect"><c- n>RequestRedirect</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestRedirect" href="#dom-request-redirect"><c- g>redirect</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMString"><c- b>DOMString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="DOMString" href="#dom-request-integrity"><c- g>integrity</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-request-keepalive"><c- g>keepalive</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-request-isreloadnavigation"><c- g>isReloadNavigation</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-request-ishistorynavigation"><c- g>isHistoryNavigation</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal"><c- n>AbortSignal</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="AbortSignal" href="#dom-request-signal"><c- g>signal</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#enumdef-requestduplex"><c- n>RequestDuplex</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="RequestDuplex" href="#dom-request-duplex"><c- g>duplex</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#request"><c- n>Request</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-request-clone"><c- g>clone</c-></a>(); }; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#request"><c- n>Request</c-></a> <c- b>includes</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#body"><c- n>Body</c-></a>; <c- b>dictionary</c-> <a href="#requestinit"><code><c- g>RequestInit</c-></code></a> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a data-type="ByteString" href="#dom-requestinit-method"><code><c- g>method</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-headersinit"><c- n>HeadersInit</c-></a> <a data-type="HeadersInit" href="#dom-requestinit-headers"><code><c- g>headers</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#bodyinit"><c- n>BodyInit</c-></a>? <a data-type="BodyInit?" href="#dom-requestinit-body"><code><c- g>body</c-></code></a>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a data-type="USVString" href="#dom-requestinit-referrer"><code><c- g>referrer</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-referrer-policy/#enumdef-referrerpolicy"><c- n>ReferrerPolicy</c-></a> <a data-type="ReferrerPolicy" href="#dom-requestinit-referrerpolicy"><code><c- g>referrerPolicy</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestmode"><c- n>RequestMode</c-></a> <a data-type="RequestMode" href="#dom-requestinit-mode"><code><c- g>mode</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcredentials"><c- n>RequestCredentials</c-></a> <a data-type="RequestCredentials" href="#dom-requestinit-credentials"><code><c- g>credentials</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestcache"><c- n>RequestCache</c-></a> <a data-type="RequestCache" href="#dom-requestinit-cache"><code><c- g>cache</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestredirect"><c- n>RequestRedirect</c-></a> <a data-type="RequestRedirect" href="#dom-requestinit-redirect"><code><c- g>redirect</c-></code></a>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMString"><c- b>DOMString</c-></a> <a data-type="DOMString" href="#dom-requestinit-integrity"><code><c- g>integrity</c-></code></a>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a data-type="boolean" href="#dom-requestinit-keepalive"><code><c- g>keepalive</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#abortsignal"><c- n>AbortSignal</c-></a>? <a data-type="AbortSignal?" href="#dom-requestinit-signal"><code><c- g>signal</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#enumdef-requestduplex"><c- n>RequestDuplex</c-></a> <a data-type="RequestDuplex" href="#dom-requestinit-duplex"><code><c- g>duplex</c-></code></a>; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#enumdef-requestpriority"><c- n>RequestPriority</c-></a> <a data-type="RequestPriority" href="#dom-requestinit-priority"><code><c- g>priority</c-></code></a>; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-any"><c- b>any</c-></a> <a data-type="any" href="#dom-requestinit-window"><code><c- g>window</c-></code></a>; // can only be set to null }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#requestdestination"><code><c- g>RequestDestination</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-requestdestination"><code><c- s>""</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-audio"><code><c- s>"audio"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-audioworklet"><code><c- s>"audioworklet"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-document"><code><c- s>"document"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-embed"><code><c- s>"embed"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-font"><code><c- s>"font"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-frame"><code><c- s>"frame"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-iframe"><code><c- s>"iframe"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-image"><code><c- s>"image"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-json"><code><c- s>"json"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-manifest"><code><c- s>"manifest"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-object"><code><c- s>"object"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-paintworklet"><code><c- s>"paintworklet"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-report"><code><c- s>"report"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-script"><code><c- s>"script"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-sharedworker"><code><c- s>"sharedworker"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-style"><code><c- s>"style"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-track"><code><c- s>"track"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-video"><code><c- s>"video"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-worker"><code><c- s>"worker"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestdestination-xslt"><code><c- s>"xslt"</c-></code></a> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#requestmode"><code><c- g>RequestMode</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-requestmode-navigate"><code><c- s>"navigate"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestmode-same-origin"><code><c- s>"same-origin"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestmode-no-cors"><code><c- s>"no-cors"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestmode-cors"><code><c- s>"cors"</c-></code></a> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#requestcredentials"><code><c- g>RequestCredentials</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-requestcredentials-omit"><code><c- s>"omit"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestcredentials-same-origin"><code><c- s>"same-origin"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestcredentials-include"><code><c- s>"include"</c-></code></a> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#requestcache"><code><c- g>RequestCache</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-requestcache-default"><code><c- s>"default"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestcache-no-store"><code><c- s>"no-store"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestcache-reload"><code><c- s>"reload"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestcache-no-cache"><code><c- s>"no-cache"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestcache-force-cache"><code><c- s>"force-cache"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestcache-only-if-cached"><code><c- s>"only-if-cached"</c-></code></a> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#requestredirect"><code><c- g>RequestRedirect</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-requestredirect-follow"><code><c- s>"follow"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestredirect-error"><code><c- s>"error"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestredirect-manual"><code><c- s>"manual"</c-></code></a> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#enumdef-requestduplex"><code><c- g>RequestDuplex</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-requestduplex-half"><code><c- s>"half"</c-></code></a> }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#enumdef-requestpriority"><code><c- g>RequestPriority</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-requestpriority-high"><code><c- s>"high"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestpriority-low"><code><c- s>"low"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-requestpriority-auto"><code><c- s>"auto"</c-></code></a> }; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#Exposed"><c- g>Exposed</c-></a>=(<c- n>Window</c->,<c- n>Worker</c->)]<c- b>interface</c-> <a href="#response"><code><c- g>Response</c-></code></a> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="constructor" href="#dom-response"><c- g>constructor</c-></a>(<c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#bodyinit"><c- n>BodyInit</c-></a>? <a href="#dom-response-response-body-init-body"><code><c- g>body</c-></code></a> = <c- b>null</c->, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#responseinit"><c- n>ResponseInit</c-></a> <a href="#dom-response-response-body-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></a> = {}); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <c- b>static</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-error"><c- g>error</c-></a>(); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <c- b>static</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-redirect"><c- g>redirect</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a href="#dom-response-redirect-url-status-url"><code><c- g>url</c-></code></a>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-unsigned-short"><c- b>unsigned</c-> <c- b>short</c-></a> <a href="#dom-response-redirect-url-status-status"><code><c- g>status</c-></code></a> = 302); [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <c- b>static</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-json"><c- g>json</c-></a>(<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-any"><c- b>any</c-></a> <a href="#dom-response-json-data-init-data"><code><c- g>data</c-></code></a>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#responseinit"><c- n>ResponseInit</c-></a> <a href="#dom-response-json-data-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></a> = {}); <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#responsetype"><c- n>ResponseType</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ResponseType" href="#dom-response-type"><c- g>type</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-USVString"><c- b>USVString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="USVString" href="#dom-response-url"><c- g>url</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-response-redirected"><c- g>redirected</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-unsigned-short"><c- b>unsigned</c-> <c- b>short</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="unsigned short" href="#dom-response-status"><c- g>status</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-boolean"><c- b>boolean</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="boolean" href="#dom-response-ok"><c- g>ok</c-></a>; <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="ByteString" href="#dom-response-statustext"><c- g>statusText</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#SameObject"><c- g>SameObject</c-></a>] <c- b>readonly</c-> <c- b>attribute</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#headers"><c- n>Headers</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="attribute" data-readonly data-type="Headers" href="#dom-response-headers"><c- g>headers</c-></a>; [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-response-clone"><c- g>clone</c-></a>(); }; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response"><c- n>Response</c-></a> <c- b>includes</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#body"><c- n>Body</c-></a>; <c- b>dictionary</c-> <a href="#responseinit"><code><c- g>ResponseInit</c-></code></a> { <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-unsigned-short"><c- b>unsigned</c-> <c- b>short</c-></a> <a data-default="200" data-type="unsigned short" href="#dom-responseinit-status"><code><c- g>status</c-></code></a> = 200; <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-ByteString"><c- b>ByteString</c-></a> <a data-default="""" data-type="ByteString" href="#dom-responseinit-statustext"><code><c- g>statusText</c-></code></a> = ""; <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-headersinit"><c- n>HeadersInit</c-></a> <a data-type="HeadersInit" href="#dom-responseinit-headers"><code><c- g>headers</c-></code></a>; }; <c- b>enum</c-> <a href="#responsetype"><code><c- g>ResponseType</c-></code></a> { <a href="#dom-responsetype-basic"><code><c- s>"basic"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-responsetype-cors"><code><c- s>"cors"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-responsetype-default"><code><c- s>"default"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-responsetype-error"><code><c- s>"error"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-responsetype-opaque"><code><c- s>"opaque"</c-></code></a>, <a href="#dom-responsetype-opaqueredirect"><code><c- s>"opaqueredirect"</c-></code></a> }; <c- b>partial</c-> <c- b>interface</c-> <c- b>mixin</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#windoworworkerglobalscope"><c- g>WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope</c-></a> { [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#NewObject"><c- g>NewObject</c-></a>] <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"><c- b>Promise</c-></a><<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#response"><c- n>Response</c-></a>> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="method" href="#dom-global-fetch"><c- g>fetch</c-></a>(<a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinfo"><c- n>RequestInfo</c-></a> <a href="#dom-windoworworkerglobalscope-fetch-input-init-input"><code><c- g>input</c-></code></a>, <c- b>optional</c-> <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#requestinit"><c- n>RequestInit</c-></a> <a href="#dom-windoworworkerglobalscope-fetch-input-init-init"><code><c- g>init</c-></code></a> = {}); }; </pre> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-headers①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers/Headers" title="The Headers() constructor creates a new Headers object.">Headers/Headers</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-headers-append①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers/append" title="The append() method of the Headers interface appends a new value onto an existing header inside a Headers object, or adds the header if it does not already exist.">Headers/append</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-headers-delete①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers/delete" title="The delete() method of the Headers interface deletes a header from the current Headers object.">Headers/delete</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-headers-get①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers/get" title="The get() method of the Headers interface returns a byte string of all the values of a header within a Headers object with a given name. If the requested header doesn't exist in the Headers object, it returns null.">Headers/get</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="dom-headers-getsetcookie"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers/getSetCookie" title="The getSetCookie() method of the Headers interface returns an array containing the values of all Set-Cookie headers associated with a response. This allows Headers objects to handle having multiple Set-Cookie headers, which wasn't possible prior to its implementation.">Headers/getSetCookie</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox112+Safari17+Chrome113+ <hr> Opera?Edge113+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)?IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js19.7.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-headers-has①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers/has" title="The has() method of the Headers interface returns a boolean stating whether a Headers object contains a certain header.">Headers/has</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-headers-set①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers/set" title="The set() method of the Headers interface sets a new value for an existing header inside a Headers object, or adds the header if it does not already exist.">Headers/set</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="headers-class"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Headers" title="The Headers interface of the Fetch API allows you to perform various actions on HTTP request and response headers. These actions include retrieving, setting, adding to, and removing headers from the list of the request's headers.">Headers</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/Request" title="The Request() constructor creates a new Request object.">Request/Request</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera27+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile27+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-body-arraybuffer①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/arrayBuffer" title="The arrayBuffer() method of the Request interface reads the request body and returns it as a promise that resolves with an ArrayBuffer.">Request/arrayBuffer</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/arrayBuffer" title="The arrayBuffer() method of the Response interface takes a Response stream and reads it to completion. It returns a promise that resolves with an ArrayBuffer.">Response/arrayBuffer</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-body-blob①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/blob" title="The blob() method of the Request interface reads the request body and returns it as a promise that resolves with a Blob.">Request/blob</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/blob" title="The blob() method of the Response interface takes a Response stream and reads it to completion. It returns a promise that resolves with a Blob.">Response/blob</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-body-body①"> <summary>MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/body" title="The read-only body property of the Request interface contains a ReadableStream with the body contents that have been added to the request. Note that a request using the GET or HEAD method cannot have a body and null is returned in these cases.">Request/body</a> <div class="support"> FirefoxNoneSafari11.1+Chrome105+ <hr> Opera?Edge105+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)?IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/body" title="The body read-only property of the Response interface is a ReadableStream of the body contents.">Response/body</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox65+Safari10.1+Chrome43+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-body-bodyused①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/bodyUsed" title="The read-only bodyUsed property of the Request interface is a boolean value that indicates whether the request body has been read yet.">Request/bodyUsed</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/bodyUsed" title="The bodyUsed read-only property of the Response interface is a boolean value that indicates whether the body has been read yet.">Response/bodyUsed</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-cache②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/cache" title="The cache read-only property of the Request interface contains the cache mode of the request. It controls how the request will interact with the browser's HTTP cache.">Request/cache</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox48+Safari10.1+Chrome64+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-clone①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/clone" title="The clone() method of the Request interface creates a copy of the current Request object.">Request/clone</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-credentials②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/credentials" title="The credentials read-only property of the Request interface indicates whether the user agent should send or receive cookies from the other domain in the case of cross-origin requests.">Request/credentials</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-destination①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/destination" title="The destination read-only property of the Request interface returns a string describing the type of content being requested.">Request/destination</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox61+Safari10.1+Chrome65+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-body-formdata①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/formData" title="The formData() method of the Request interface reads the request body and returns it as a promise that resolves with a FormData object.">Request/formData</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari14.1+Chrome60+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)?IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/formData" title="The formData() method of the Response interface takes a Response stream and reads it to completion. It returns a promise that resolves with a FormData object.">Response/formData</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari14.1+Chrome60+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)?IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-headers②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/headers" title="The headers read-only property of the Request interface contains the Headers object associated with the request.">Request/headers</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-integrity②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/integrity" title="The integrity read-only property of the Request interface contains the subresource integrity value of the request.">Request/integrity</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox51+Safari10.1+Chrome46+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-body-json①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/json" title="The json() method of the Request interface reads the request body and returns it as a promise that resolves with the result of parsing the body text as JSON.">Request/json</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/json" title="The json() method of the Response interface takes a Response stream and reads it to completion. It returns a promise which resolves with the result of parsing the body text as JSON.">Response/json</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-method②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/method" title="The method read-only property of the Request interface contains the request's method (GET, POST, etc.)">Request/method</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-mode②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/mode" title="The mode read-only property of the Request interface contains the mode of the request (e.g., cors, no-cors, same-origin, navigate or websocket.) This is used to determine if cross-origin requests lead to valid responses, and which properties of the response are readable.">Request/mode</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-redirect②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/redirect" title="The redirect read-only property of the Request interface contains the mode for how redirects are handled.">Request/redirect</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox43+Safari10.1+Chrome46+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-referrer①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/referrer" title="The referrer read-only property of the Request interface is set by the user agent to be the referrer of the Request. (e.g., client, no-referrer, or a URL.)">Request/referrer</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-referrerpolicy②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/referrerPolicy" title="The referrerPolicy read-only property of the Request interface returns the referrer policy, which governs what referrer information, sent in the Referer header, should be included with the request.">Request/referrerPolicy</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox47+Safari10.1+Chrome52+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet7.2+Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-signal②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/signal" title="The read-only signal property of the Request interface returns the AbortSignal associated with the request.">Request/signal</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox57+Safari12.1+Chrome66+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)16+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-body-text①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/text" title="The text() method of the Request interface reads the request body and returns it as a promise that resolves with a String. The response is always decoded using UTF-8.">Request/text</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/text" title="The text() method of the Response interface takes a Response stream and reads it to completion. It returns a promise that resolves with a String. The response is always decoded using UTF-8.">Response/text</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-request-url③"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request/url" title="The url read-only property of the Request interface contains the URL of the request.">Request/url</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile27+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="request-class"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Request" title="The Request interface of the Fetch API represents a resource request.">Request</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/Response" title="The Response() constructor creates a new Response object.">Response/Response</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-clone①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/clone" title="The clone() method of the Response interface creates a clone of a response object, identical in every way, but stored in a different variable.">Response/clone</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-error①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/error_static" title="The error() static method of the Response interface returns a new Response object associated with a network error.">Response/error_static</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome43+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)16+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-headers①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/headers" title="The headers read-only property of the Response interface contains the Headers object associated with the response.">Response/headers</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-json①"> <summary>MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/json_static" title="The json() static method of the Response interface returns a Response that contains the provided JSON data as body, and a Content-Type header which is set to application/json. The response status, status message, and additional headers can also be set.">Response/json_static</a> <div class="support"> Firefox115+SafariNoneChrome105+ <hr> Opera?Edge105+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)?IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-ok②"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/ok" title="The ok read-only property of the Response interface contains a Boolean stating whether the response was successful (status in the range 200-299) or not.">Response/ok</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-redirect①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/redirect_static" title="The redirect() static method of the Response interface returns a Response resulting in a redirect to the specified URL.">Response/redirect_static</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome44+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)16+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-redirected①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/redirected" title="The read-only redirected property of the Response interface indicates whether or not the response is the result of a request you made which was redirected.">Response/redirected</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox49+Safari10.1+Chrome57+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)16+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView60+Samsung Internet8.0+Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-status①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/status" title="The status read-only property of the Response interface contains the HTTP status codes of the response.">Response/status</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-statustext①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/statusText" title="The statusText read-only property of the Response interface contains the status message corresponding to the HTTP status code in Response.status.">Response/statusText</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-type①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/type" title="The type read-only property of the Response interface contains the type of the response. It can be one of the following:">Response/type</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="ref-for-dom-response-url①"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/url" title="The url read-only property of the Response interface contains the URL of the response. The value of the url property will be the final URL obtained after any redirects.">Response/url</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome40+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="response-class"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response" title="The Response interface of the Fetch API represents the response to a request.">Response</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="fetch-method"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/fetch" title="The global fetch() method starts the process of fetching a resource from the network, returning a promise which is fulfilled once the response is available.">fetch</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox39+Safari10.1+Chrome42+ <hr> Opera?Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)14+IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? <hr> Node.js18.0.0+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-allow-credentials"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Credentials" title="The Access-Control-Allow-Credentials response header tells browsers whether to expose the response to the frontend JavaScript code when the request's credentials mode (Request.credentials) is include.">Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Credentials</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-allow-headers"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Headers" title="The Access-Control-Allow-Headers response header is used in response to a preflight request which includes the Access-Control-Request-Headers to indicate which HTTP headers can be used during the actual request.">Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Headers</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-allow-methods"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Methods" title="The Access-Control-Allow-Methods response header specifies one or more methods allowed when accessing a resource in response to a preflight request.">Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Methods</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-allow-origin"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Origin" title="The Access-Control-Allow-Origin response header indicates whether the response can be shared with requesting code from the given origin.">Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Origin</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-expose-headers"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Expose-Headers" title="The Access-Control-Expose-Headers response header allows a server to indicate which response headers should be made available to scripts running in the browser, in response to a cross-origin request.">Headers/Access-Control-Expose-Headers</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-max-age"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Max-Age" title="The Access-Control-Max-Age response header indicates how long the results of a preflight request (that is the information contained in the Access-Control-Allow-Methods and Access-Control-Allow-Headers headers) can be cached.">Headers/Access-Control-Max-Age</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-request-headers"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Request-Headers" title="The Access-Control-Request-Headers request header is used by browsers when issuing a preflight request to let the server know which HTTP headers the client might send when the actual request is made (such as with setRequestHeader()). The complementary server-side header of Access-Control-Allow-Headers will answer this browser-side header.">Headers/Access-Control-Request-Headers</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="http-access-control-request-method"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Request-Method" title="The Access-Control-Request-Method request header is used by browsers when issuing a preflight request, to let the server know which HTTP method will be used when the actual request is made. This header is necessary as the preflight request is always an OPTIONS and doesn't use the same method as the actual request.">Headers/Access-Control-Request-Method</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox3.5+Safari4+Chrome4+ <hr> Opera12+Edge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IE10+ <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for AndroidYesAndroid WebView2+Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile12+ </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="cross-origin-resource-policy-header"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy" title="The HTTP Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy response header conveys a desire that the browser blocks no-cors cross-origin/cross-site requests to the given resource.">Headers/Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox74+Safari12+Chrome73+ <hr> OperaNoneEdge79+ <hr> Edge (Legacy)NoneIENone <hr> Firefox for AndroidNoneiOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet11.0+Opera MobileNone </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="origin-header"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Origin" title="The Origin request header indicates the origin (scheme, hostname, and port) that caused the request. For example, if a user agent needs to request resources included in a page, or fetched by scripts that it executes, then the origin of the page may be included in the request.">Headers/Origin</a> In all current engines. <div class="support"> Firefox70+SafariYesChromeYes <hr> Opera?EdgeYes <hr> Edge (Legacy)12+IEYes <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera Mobile? </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="sec-purpose-header"> <summary>⚠MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Sec-Purpose" title="The Sec-Purpose fetch metadata request header indicates the purpose for which the requested resource will be used, when that purpose is something other than immediate use by the user-agent.">Headers/Sec-Purpose</a> In only one current engine. <div class="support"> Firefox115+SafariNoneChromeNone <hr> Opera?EdgeNone <hr> Edge (Legacy)?IENone <hr> Firefox for Android?iOS Safari?Chrome for Android?Android WebView?Samsung Internet?Opera MobileNone </div> </div> </details> <details class="mdn-anno unpositioned" data-anno-for="x-content-type-options-header"> <summary>✔MDN</summary> <div class="feature"> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Content-Type-Options" title="The X-Content-Type-Options response HTTP header is a marker used by the server to indicate that the MIME types advertised in the Content-Type headers should be followed and not be changed. 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Request class"}],"url":"#use-cors-preflight-flag"}, }; document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", ()=>{ genAllDfnPanels(); document.body.addEventListener("click", (e) => { // If not handled already, just hide all dfn panels. hideAllDfnPanels(); }); }); window.addEventListener("resize", () => { // Pin any visible dfn panel queryAll(".dfn-panel.on, .dfn-panel.activated").forEach(el=>positionDfnPanel(el)); }); function genAllDfnPanels() { for(const panelData of Object.values(dfnPanelData)) { const dfnID = panelData.dfnID; const dfn = document.getElementById(dfnID); if(!dfn) { console.log(`Can't find dfn#${dfnID}.`, panelData); continue; } dfn.panelData = panelData; insertDfnPopupAction(dfn); } } function genDfnPanel(dfn, { dfnID, url, dfnText, refSections, external }) { const dfnPanel = mk.aside({ class: "dfn-panel on", id: `infopanel-for-${dfnID}`, "data-for": dfnID, "aria-labelled-by":`infopaneltitle-for-${dfnID}`, }, mk.span({id:`infopaneltitle-for-${dfnID}`, style:"display:none"}, `Info about the '${dfnText}' ${external?"external":""} reference.`), mk.a({href:url, class:"dfn-link"}, url), refSections.length == 0 ? [] : mk.b({}, "Referenced in:"), mk.ul({}, ...refSections.map(section=> mk.li({}, ...section.refs.map((ref, refI)=> [ mk.a({ href: `#${ref.id}` }, (refI == 0) ? section.title : `(${refI + 1})` ), " ", ] ), ), ), ), genLinkingSyntaxes(dfn), ); dfnPanel.addEventListener('click', (event) => { if (event.target.nodeName == 'A') { scrollToTargetAndHighlight(event); pinDfnPanel(dfnPanel); } event.stopPropagation(); refocusOnTarget(event); }); dfnPanel.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => { if(event.keyCode == 27) { // Escape key hideDfnPanel({dfnPanel}); event.stopPropagation(); event.preventDefault(); } }); dfnPanel.dfn = dfn; dfn.dfnPanel = dfnPanel; return dfnPanel; } function hideAllDfnPanels() { // Delete the currently-active dfn panel. queryAll(".dfn-panel").forEach(dfnPanel=>hideDfnPanel({dfnPanel})); } function showDfnPanel(dfn) { hideAllDfnPanels(); // Only display one at a time. dfn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "true"); const dfnPanel = genDfnPanel(dfn, dfn.panelData); // Give the dfn a unique tabindex, and then // give all the tabbable panel bits successive indexes. let tabIndex = 100; dfn.tabIndex = tabIndex++; const tabbable = dfnPanel.querySelectorAll(":is(a, button)"); for (const el of tabbable) { el.tabIndex = tabIndex++; } append(document.body, dfnPanel); positionDfnPanel(dfnPanel); } function positionDfnPanel(dfnPanel) { const dfn = dfnPanel.dfn; const dfnPos = getBounds(dfn); dfnPanel.style.top = dfnPos.bottom + "px"; dfnPanel.style.left = dfnPos.left + "px"; const panelPos = dfnPanel.getBoundingClientRect(); const panelMargin = 8; const maxRight = document.body.parentNode.clientWidth - panelMargin; if (panelPos.right > maxRight) { const overflowAmount = panelPos.right - maxRight; const newLeft = Math.max(panelMargin, dfnPos.left - overflowAmount); dfnPanel.style.left = newLeft + "px"; } } function pinDfnPanel(dfnPanel) { // Switch it to "activated" state, which pins it. dfnPanel.classList.add("activated"); dfnPanel.style.position = "fixed"; dfnPanel.style.left = null; dfnPanel.style.top = null; } function hideDfnPanel({dfn, dfnPanel}) { if(!dfnPanel) dfnPanel = dfn.dfnPanel; if(!dfn) dfn = dfnPanel.dfn; dfn.dfnPanel = undefined; dfnPanel.dfn = undefined; dfn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "false"); dfn.tabIndex = undefined; dfnPanel.remove() } function toggleDfnPanel(dfn) { if(dfn.dfnPanel) { hideDfnPanel(dfn); } else { showDfnPanel(dfn); } } function insertDfnPopupAction(dfn) { dfn.setAttribute('role', 'button'); dfn.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false') dfn.tabIndex = 0; dfn.classList.add('has-dfn-panel'); dfn.addEventListener('click', (event) => { toggleDfnPanel(dfn); event.stopPropagation(); }); dfn.addEventListener('keypress', (event) => { const kc = event.keyCode; // 32->Space, 13->Enter if(kc == 32 || kc == 13) { toggleDfnPanel(dfn); event.stopPropagation(); event.preventDefault(); } }); } function refocusOnTarget(event) { const target = event.target; setTimeout(() => { // Refocus on the event.target element. // This is needed after browser scrolls to the destination. target.focus(); }); } // TODO: shared util // Returns the root-level absolute position {left and top} of element. function getBounds(el, relativeTo=document.body) { const relativeRect = relativeTo.getBoundingClientRect(); const elRect = el.getBoundingClientRect(); const top = elRect.top - relativeRect.top; const left = elRect.left - relativeRect.left; return { top, left, bottom: top + elRect.height, right: left + elRect.width, } } function scrollToTargetAndHighlight(event) { let hash = event.target.hash; if (hash) { hash = decodeURIComponent(hash.substring(1)); const dest = document.getElementById(hash); if (dest) { dest.classList.add('highlighted'); setTimeout(() => dest.classList.remove('highlighted'), 1000); } } } // Functions, divided by link type, that wrap an autolink's // contents with the appropriate outer syntax. // Alternately, a string naming another type they format // the same as. function needsFor(type) { switch(type) { case "descriptor": case "value": case "element-attr": case "attr-value": case "element-state": case "method": case "constructor": case "argument": case "attribute": case "const": case "dict-member": case "event": case "enum-value": case "stringifier": case "serializer": case "iterator": case "maplike": case "setlike": case "state": case "mode": case "context": case "facet": return true; default: return false; } } function refusesFor(type) { switch(type) { case "property": case "element": case "interface": case "namespace": case "callback": case "dictionary": case "enum": case "exception": case "typedef": case "http-header": case "permission": return true; default: return false; } } function linkFormatterFromType(type) { switch(type) { case 'scheme': case 'permission': case 'dfn': return (text) => `[=${text}=]`; case 'abstract-op': return (text) => `[\$${text}\$]`; case 'function': case 'at-rule': case 'selector': case 'value': return (text) => `''${text}''`; case 'http-header': return (text) => `[:${text}:]`; case 'interface': case 'constructor': case 'method': case 'argument': case 'attribute': case 'callback': case 'dictionary': case 'dict-member': case 'enum': case 'enum-value': case 'exception': case 'const': case 'typedef': case 'stringifier': case 'serializer': case 'iterator': case 'maplike': case 'setlike': case 'extended-attribute': case 'event': case 'idl': return (text) => `{{${text}}}`; case 'element-state': case 'element-attr': case 'attr-value': case 'element': return (element) => `<{${element}}>`; case 'grammar': return (text) => `${text} (within a <pre class=prod>)`; case 'type': return (text)=> `<<${text}>>`; case 'descriptor': case 'property': return (text) => `'${text}'`; default: return; }; }; function genLinkingSyntaxes(dfn) { if(dfn.tagName != "DFN") return; const type = dfn.getAttribute('data-dfn-type'); if(!type) { console.log(`<dfn> doesn't have a data-dfn-type:`, dfn); return []; } // Return a function that wraps link text based on the type const linkFormatter = linkFormatterFromType(type); if(!linkFormatter) { console.log(`<dfn> has an unknown data-dfn-type:`, dfn); return []; } let ltAlts; if(dfn.hasAttribute('data-lt')) { ltAlts = dfn.getAttribute('data-lt') .split("|") .map(x=>x.trim()); } else { ltAlts = [dfn.textContent.trim()]; } if(type == "type") { // lt of "<foo>", but "foo" is the interior; // <<foo/bar>> is how you write it with a for, // not <foo/<bar>> or whatever. for(var i = 0; i < ltAlts.length; i++) { const lt = ltAlts[i]; const match = /<(.*)>/.exec(lt); if(match) { ltAlts[i] = match[1]; } } } let forAlts; if(dfn.hasAttribute('data-dfn-for')) { forAlts = dfn.getAttribute('data-dfn-for') .split(",") .map(x=>x.trim()); } else { forAlts = ['']; } let linkingSyntaxes = []; if(!needsFor(type)) { for(const lt of ltAlts) { linkingSyntaxes.push(linkFormatter(lt)); } } if(!refusesFor(type)) { for(const f of forAlts) { linkingSyntaxes.push(linkFormatter(`${f}/${ltAlts[0]}`)) } } return [ mk.b({}, 'Possible linking syntaxes:'), mk.ul({}, ...linkingSyntaxes.map(link => { const copyLink = async () => await navigator.clipboard.writeText(link); return mk.li({}, mk.div({ class: 'link-item' }, mk.button({ class: 'copy-icon', title: 'Copy', type: 'button', _onclick: copyLink, tabindex: 0, }, mk.span({ class: 'icon' }) ), mk.span({}, link) ) ); }) ) ]; } } </script> <script>/* Boilerplate: script-position-annos */ "use strict"; { function repositionAnnoPanels(){ const panels = [...document.querySelectorAll("[data-anno-for]")]; hydratePanels(panels); let vSoFar = 0; for(const panel of panels.sort(cmpTops)) { if(panel.top < vSoFar) { panel.top = vSoFar; panel.style.top = vSoFar + "px"; } vSoFar = panel.top + panel.height + 15; } } function hydratePanels(panels) { const main = document.querySelector("main"); let mainRect; if(main) mainRect = main.getBoundingClientRect(); // First display them all, if they're not already visible. for(const panel of panels) { panel.classList.remove("unpositioned"); } // Measure them all for(const panel of panels) { const dfn = document.getElementById(panel.getAttribute("data-anno-for")); if(!dfn) { console.log("Can't find the annotation panel target:", panel); continue; } panel.dfn = dfn; panel.top = window.scrollY + dfn.getBoundingClientRect().top; let panelRect = panel.getBoundingClientRect(); panel.height = panelRect.height; if(main) { panel.overlappingMain = panelRect.left < mainRect.right; } else { panel.overlappingMain = false; } } // And finally position them for(const panel of panels) { const dfn = panel.dfn; if(!dfn) continue; panel.style.top = panel.top + "px"; panel.classList.toggle("overlapping-main", panel.overlappingMain); } } function cmpTops(a,b) { return a.top - b.top; } window.addEventListener("load", repositionAnnoPanels); window.addEventListener("resize", repositionAnnoPanels); } </script> <script>/* Boilerplate: script-ref-hints */ "use strict"; { let refsData = { "#abnf": 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{"displayText":"fetch","export":true,"for_":["ServiceWorkerGlobalScope"],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"service-workers","spec":"service-workers","status":"current","text":"fetch","type":"event","url":"https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#service-worker-global-scope-fetch-event"}, "https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#service-worker-timing-info": {"displayText":"service worker timing info","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"service-workers","spec":"service-workers","status":"current","text":"service worker timing info","type":"dfn","url":"https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#service-worker-timing-info"}, "https://w3c.github.io/ServiceWorker/#serviceworkerglobalscope": 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{"displayText":"Promise","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"webidl","spec":"webidl","status":"current","text":"Promise","type":"interface","url":"https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise"}, "https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-record": {"displayText":"record","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"webidl","spec":"webidl","status":"current","text":"record","type":"dfn","url":"https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-record"}, "https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence": {"displayText":"sequence","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"webidl","spec":"webidl","status":"current","text":"sequence","type":"dfn","url":"https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-sequence"}, "https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined": 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{"displayText":"reject","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"webidl","spec":"webidl","status":"current","text":"reject","type":"dfn","url":"https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject"}, "https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#resolve": {"displayText":"resolve","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"webidl","spec":"webidl","status":"current","text":"resolve","type":"dfn","url":"https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#resolve"}, "https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#syntaxerror": {"displayText":"SyntaxError","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"webidl","spec":"webidl","status":"current","text":"SyntaxError","type":"exception","url":"https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#syntaxerror"}, "https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this": {"displayText":"this","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"webidl","spec":"webidl","status":"current","text":"this","type":"dfn","url":"https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this"}, "https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-connection-obtain": {"displayText":"obtain a WebSocket connection","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"websockets","spec":"websockets","status":"current","text":"obtain a websocket connection","type":"dfn","url":"https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-connection-obtain"}, "https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-establish": {"displayText":"establish a WebSocket connection","export":false,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"websockets","spec":"websockets","status":"current","text":"establish a websocket connection","type":"dfn","url":"https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-websocket-establish"}, "https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#websocket": {"displayText":"WebSocket","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"websockets","spec":"websockets","status":"current","text":"WebSocket","type":"interface","url":"https://websockets.spec.whatwg.org/#websocket"}, "https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-formdata-entry-list": {"displayText":"entry list","export":true,"for_":["FormData"],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"xhr","spec":"xhr","status":"current","text":"entry list","type":"dfn","url":"https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-formdata-entry-list"}, "https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata": {"displayText":"FormData","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"xhr","spec":"xhr","status":"current","text":"FormData","type":"interface","url":"https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#formdata"}, "https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest": {"displayText":"XMLHttpRequest","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"xhr","spec":"xhr","status":"current","text":"XMLHttpRequest","type":"interface","url":"https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequest"}, "https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequestupload": {"displayText":"XMLHttpRequestUpload","export":true,"for_":[],"level":"1","normative":true,"shortname":"xhr","spec":"xhr","status":"current","text":"XMLHttpRequestUpload","type":"interface","url":"https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#xmlhttprequestupload"}, }; function mkRefHint(link, ref) { const linkText = link.textContent; let dfnTextElements = ''; if (ref.displayText.toLowerCase() != linkText.toLowerCase()) { // Give the original term if it's being displayed in a different way. // But allow casing differences, they're insignificant. dfnTextElements = mk.li({}, mk.b({}, "Term: "), mk.span({}, ref.displayText) ); } const forList = ref.for_; let forListElements; if(forList.length == 0) { forListElements = []; } else if(forList.length == 1) { forListElements = mk.li({}, mk.b({}, "For: "), mk.span({}, forList[0]), ); } else { forListElements = mk.li({}, mk.b({}, "For: "), mk.ul({}, ...forList.map(forItem => mk.li({}, mk.span({}, forItem) ), ), ), ); } const url = ref.url; const safeUrl = encodeURIComponent(url); const hintPanel = mk.aside({ class: "ref-hint", id: `ref-hint-for-${safeUrl}`, "data-for": url, "aria-labelled-by": `ref-hint-for-${safeUrl}`, }, mk.ul({}, dfnTextElements, mk.li({}, mk.b({}, "URL: "), mk.a({ href: url, class: "ref" }, url), ), mk.li({}, mk.b({}, "Type: "), mk.span({}, `${ref.type}`), ), mk.li({}, mk.b({}, "Spec: "), mk.span({}, `${ref.spec ? ref.spec : ''}`), ), forListElements ), ); hintPanel.forLink = link; setupRefHintEventListeners(link, hintPanel); return hintPanel; } function hideAllRefHints() { queryAll(".ref-hint").forEach(el=>hideRefHint(el)); } function hideRefHint(refHint) { const link = refHint.forLink; link.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "false"); if(refHint.teardownEventListeners) { refHint.teardownEventListeners(); } refHint.remove(); } function showRefHint(link) { if(link.classList.contains("dfn-link")) return; const url = link.getAttribute("href"); const refHintKey = link.getAttribute("data-refhint-key"); let key = url; if(refHintKey) { key = refHintKey + "_" + url; } const ref = refsData[key]; if(!ref) return; hideAllRefHints(); // Only display one at this time. const refHint = mkRefHint(link, ref); append(document.body, refHint); link.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "true"); positionRefHint(refHint); } function setupRefHintEventListeners(link, refHint) { if (refHint.teardownEventListeners) return; // Add event handlers to hide the refHint after the user moves away // from both the link and refHint, if not hovering either within one second. let timeout = null; const startHidingRefHint = (event) => { if (timeout) { clearTimeout(timeout); } timeout = setTimeout(() => { hideRefHint(refHint); }, 1000); } const resetHidingRefHint = (event) => { if (timeout) clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; }; link.addEventListener("mouseleave", startHidingRefHint); link.addEventListener("mouseenter", resetHidingRefHint); link.addEventListener("blur", startHidingRefHint); link.addEventListener("focus", resetHidingRefHint); refHint.addEventListener("mouseleave", startHidingRefHint); refHint.addEventListener("mouseenter", resetHidingRefHint); refHint.addEventListener("blur", startHidingRefHint); refHint.addEventListener("focus", resetHidingRefHint); refHint.teardownEventListeners = () => { // remove event listeners resetHidingRefHint(); link.removeEventListener("mouseleave", startHidingRefHint); link.removeEventListener("mouseenter", resetHidingRefHint); link.removeEventListener("blur", startHidingRefHint); link.removeEventListener("focus", resetHidingRefHint); refHint.removeEventListener("mouseleave", startHidingRefHint); refHint.removeEventListener("mouseenter", resetHidingRefHint); refHint.removeEventListener("blur", startHidingRefHint); refHint.removeEventListener("focus", resetHidingRefHint); }; } function positionRefHint(refHint) { const link = refHint.forLink; const linkPos = getBounds(link); refHint.style.top = linkPos.bottom + "px"; refHint.style.left = linkPos.left + "px"; const panelPos = refHint.getBoundingClientRect(); const panelMargin = 8; const maxRight = document.body.parentNode.clientWidth - panelMargin; if (panelPos.right > maxRight) { const overflowAmount = panelPos.right - maxRight; const newLeft = Math.max(panelMargin, linkPos.left - overflowAmount); refHint.style.left = newLeft + "px"; } } // TODO: shared util // Returns the root-level absolute position {left and top} of element. function getBounds(el, relativeTo=document.body) { const relativeRect = relativeTo.getBoundingClientRect(); const elRect = el.getBoundingClientRect(); const top = elRect.top - relativeRect.top; const left = elRect.left - relativeRect.left; return { top, left, bottom: top + elRect.height, right: left + elRect.width, } } function showRefHintListener(e) { // If the target isn't in a link (or is a link), // just ignore it. let link = e.target.closest("a"); if(!link) return; // If the target is in a ref-hint panel // (aka a link in the already-open one), // also just ignore it. if(link.closest(".ref-hint")) return; // Otherwise, show the panel for the link. showRefHint(link); } function hideAllHintsListener(e) { // If the click is inside a ref-hint panel, ignore it. if(e.target.closest(".ref-hint")) return; // Otherwise, close all the current panels. hideAllRefHints(); } document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => { document.body.addEventListener("mousedown", showRefHintListener); document.body.addEventListener("focus", showRefHintListener); document.body.addEventListener("click", hideAllHintsListener); }); window.addEventListener("resize", () => { // Hide any open ref hint. hideAllRefHints(); }); } </script> <script>/* Boilerplate: script-var-click-highlighting */ "use strict"; { /* Color-choosing design: * Colors are ordered by goodness. * On clicking a var, give it the earliest color with the lowest usage in the algorithm. * On re-clicking, re-use the var's most recent color if that's not currently being used elsewhere. */ const COLOR_COUNT = 7; document.addEventListener("click", e=>{ if(e.target.nodeName == "VAR") { highlightSameAlgoVars(e.target); } }); function highlightSameAlgoVars(v) { // Find the algorithm container. let algoContainer = findAlgoContainer(v); // Not highlighting document-global vars, // too likely to be unrelated. if(algoContainer == null) return; const varName = nameFromVar(v); if(!v.hasAttribute("data-var-color")) { const newColor = chooseHighlightColor(algoContainer, v); for(const el of algoContainer.querySelectorAll("var")) { if(nameFromVar(el) == varName) { el.setAttribute("data-var-color", newColor); el.setAttribute("data-var-last-color", newColor); } } } else { for(const el of algoContainer.querySelectorAll("var")) { if(nameFromVar(el) == varName) { el.removeAttribute("data-var-color"); } } } } function findAlgoContainer(el) { while(el != document.body) { if(el.hasAttribute("data-algorithm")) return el; el = el.parentNode; } return null; } function nameFromVar(el) { return el.textContent.replace(/(\s|\xa0)+/g, " ").trim(); } function colorCountsFromContainer(container) { const namesFromColor = Array.from({length:COLOR_COUNT}, x=>new Set()); for(let v of container.querySelectorAll("var[data-var-color]")) { let color = +v.getAttribute("data-var-color"); namesFromColor[color].add(nameFromVar(v)); } return namesFromColor.map(x=>x.size); } function leastUsedColor(colors) { // Find the earliest color with the lowest count. let minCount = Infinity; let minColor = null; for(var i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) { if(colors[i] < minCount) { minColor = i; minCount = colors[i]; } } return minColor; } function chooseHighlightColor(container, v) { const colorCounts = colorCountsFromContainer(container); if(v.hasAttribute("data-var-last-color")) { let color = +v.getAttribute("data-var-last-color"); if(colorCounts[color] == 0) return color; } return leastUsedColor(colorCounts); } } </script>