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Bentaleb</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Abdelhak Bentaleb"> <meta name="keywords" content="Abdelhak Bentaleb"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Abdelhak Bentaleb"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 22</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Abdelhak Bentaleb</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> A Technical Solution for Micro Mixture with Micro Fluidic Oscillator in Chemistry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Dennai">Brahim Dennai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Bentaleb"> Abdelhak Bentaleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Khelfaoui"> Rachid Khelfaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Abdenbi"> Asma Abdenbi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diffusion flux given by the Fick’s law characterizethe mixing rate. A passive mixing strategy is proposed to enhance mixing of two fluids through perturbed jet low. A numerical study of passive mixers has been presented. This paper is focused on the modeling of a micro-injection systems composed of passive amplifier without mechanical part. The micro-system modeling is based on geometrical oscillators form. An asymmetric micro-oscillator design based on a monostable fluidic amplifier is proposed. The characteristic size of the channels is generally about a few hundred of microns. The numerical results indicate that the mixing performance can be as high as 99 % within a typical mixing chamber of 0.20 mm diameter inlet and 2.0 mm distance of nozzle - spliter. In addition, the results confirm that self-rotation in the circular mixer significantly enhances the mixing performance. The novel micro mixing method presented in this study provides a simple solution to mixing problems in microsystem for application in chemistry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20oscillator" title="micro oscillator">micro oscillator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20mixture" title=" micro mixture"> micro mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size%20effect" title=" size effect"> size effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20equation" title=" chemical equation"> chemical equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19864/a-technical-solution-for-micro-mixture-with-micro-fluidic-oscillator-in-chemistry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Direct Measurements of the Electrocaloric Effect in Solid Ferroelectric Materials via Thermoreflectance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Layla%20Farhat">Layla Farhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathieu%20Bardoux"> Mathieu Bardoux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=St%C3%A9phane%20Longuemart"> Stéphane Longuemart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziad%20Herro"> Ziad Herro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Hadj%20Sahraoui"> Abdelhak Hadj Sahraoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrocaloric (EC) effect refers to the isothermal entropy or adiabatic temperature changes of a dielectric material induced by an external electric field. This phenomenon has been largely ignored for application because only modest EC effects (2.6 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocaloric%20effect" title="electrocaloric effect">electrocaloric effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoreflectance" title=" thermoreflectance"> thermoreflectance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroelectricity" title=" ferroelectricity"> ferroelectricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20system" title=" cooling system"> cooling system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133920/direct-measurements-of-the-electrocaloric-effect-in-solid-ferroelectric-materials-via-thermoreflectance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Technical and Practical Aspects of Sizing a Autonomous PV System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Bouchakour">Abdelhak Bouchakour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Brahami"> Mustafa Brahami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Layachi%20Zaghba"> Layachi Zaghba </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of photovoltaic energy offers an inexhaustible supply of energy but also a clean and non-polluting energy, which is a definite advantage. The geographical location of Algeria promotes the development of the use of this energy. Indeed, given the importance of the intensity of the radiation received and the duration of sunshine. For this reason, the objective of our work is to develop a data-processing tool (software) of calculation and optimization of dimensioning of the photovoltaic installations. Our approach of optimization is basing on mathematical models, which amongst other things describe the operation of each part of the installation, the energy production, the storage and the consumption of energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20panel" title="solar panel">solar panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20radiation" title=" solar radiation"> solar radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverter" title=" inverter"> inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33647/technical-and-practical-aspects-of-sizing-a-autonomous-pv-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">608</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Structural and Morphological Study of Europium Doped ZnO</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Nouri">Abdelhak Nouri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Europium doped zinc oxide nanocolumns (ZnO:Eu) were deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate from an aqueous solution of 10⁻³M Zn(NO₃)₂ and 0.5M KNO₃ with different concentration of europium ions. The deposition was performed in a classical three-electrode electrochemical cell. The structural, morphology and optical properties have been characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM). The XRD results show high quality of crystallite with preferential orientation along c-axis. SEM images speculate ZnO: Eu has nanocolumnar form with hexagonal shape. The diameter of nanocolumns is around 230 nm. Furthermore, it was found that tail of crystallite, roughness, and band gap energy is highly influenced with increasing Eu ions concentration. The average grain size is about 102 nm to 125 nm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deterioration%20lattice" title="deterioration lattice">deterioration lattice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doping" title=" doping"> doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructures" title=" nanostructures"> nanostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eu%3AZnO" title=" Eu:ZnO"> Eu:ZnO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101699/structural-and-morphological-study-of-europium-doped-zno" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Geology and Geochemistry of the Paleozoic Basement, Western Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadj%20Mohamed%20Nacera">Hadj Mohamed Nacera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boutaleb%20Abdelhak"> Boutaleb Abdelhak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Hercynian granite in Western Algeria, has a typical high-K calc-alkaline evolution, with peraluminous trend U-Pb zircon geochronology yielded the minimum emplacement age of 297 ± 1 Ma. It shows dark microgranular enclaves, veins of pegmatite, aplite, tourmaline and quartz. The granite plutons selected for this study are formed during the late Variscian phase and intrudes the Lower Silurian metasediments which were affected by the major Hercynian folding phases. An important Quartz vein field cross-cutting metasedimentary and granitic rocks. Invisible gold occurs in a very small arsenopyrite minerals. The purpose of this study is to highlight the relationship between the gold mineralisation and the intrusion by combining petrographic and geochemic studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basement" title=" basement"> basement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemestry" title=" geochemestry"> geochemestry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granite" title=" granite"> granite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45246/geology-and-geochemistry-of-the-paleozoic-basement-western-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Study of Stability of a Slope by the Soil Nailed Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Soudani">Abdelhak Soudani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using the limit equilibrium method in geotechnical field is very important for large projects. This work contributes to the understanding and analysis of the building unstable slopes by the technique of soil nailed with the used of software called GEO-SLOPE calculation based on limit equilibrium method. To achieve our objective, we began a review of the literature on landslides, and techniques of slope stability. Then, we presented a real case slope likely to slip through the realization of the EastWest Highway (M5 stretch between Khemis Miliana and Hoceinia). We also process the application of reinforcement technique nailed soil. The analysis is followed by a parametric study, which shows the impact of parameters given or chosen on various outcomes. Another method of reinforcement (use of micro-piles) has been suggested for improving the stability of the slope <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title="slope stability">slope stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening" title=" strengthening"> strengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip" title=" slip"> slip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20nail" title=" soil nail"> soil nail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GEO-SLOPE" title=" GEO-SLOPE"> GEO-SLOPE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24455/study-of-stability-of-a-slope-by-the-soil-nailed-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Zn, Sb, Pb (Au) Mineralization of Hammam N’bails, NE of Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Merdas">Brahim Merdas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Boutaleb"> Abdelhak Boutaleb </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymetallic mineralizations with Zn, Sb, Pb boxed in miopliocene limestones of Hammam N’bails’s basin are regarded as the youngest mineralizations of North East of Algeria and are characterized by the presence of rather rare mineral phases throughout the world such as nadorite and flajolotite. Mineralization seems to have a bond with thermal springs emergent within the basin and with the faults which limit the basin. The comparison between mineralizations and similar ore deposits known in the world and which are characterized by the presence of the noble metals such as gold and the discovery of traces of this metal (1.4g/t) enables us to start again the problems of the noble metals of the type “low sulfidation” related to the thermal springs in the area in particular and in all Algerian North generally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadorite" title="Nadorite">Nadorite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galana" title=" galana"> galana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold" title=" gold"> gold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolomitisation" title=" dolomitisation"> dolomitisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epigen%C3%A9tic" title=" epigenétic"> epigenétic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20springs" title=" hot springs"> hot springs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=" "> </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miopliocene" title=" miopliocene"> miopliocene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammam%20N%E2%80%99bails" title=" Hammam N’bails"> Hammam N’bails</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algeria" title=" algeria "> algeria </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9696/zn-sb-pb-au-mineralization-of-hammam-nbails-ne-of-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Object-Oriented Program Comprehension by Identification of Software Components and Their Connexions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak-Djamel%20Seriai">Abdelhak-Djamel Seriai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selim%20Kebir"> Selim Kebir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allaoua%20Chaoui"> Allaoua Chaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the last decades, object oriented program- ming has been massively used to build large-scale systems. However, evolution and maintenance of such systems become a laborious task because of the lack of object oriented programming to offer a precise view of the functional building blocks of the system. This lack is caused by the fine granularity of classes and objects. In this paper, we use a post object-oriented technology namely software components, to propose an approach based on the identification of the functional building blocks of an object oriented system by analyzing its source code. These functional blocks are specified as software components and the result is a multi-layer component based software architecture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20comprehension" title="software comprehension">software comprehension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20component" title=" software component"> software component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20oriented" title=" object oriented"> object oriented</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20architecture" title=" software architecture"> software architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20engineering" title=" reverse engineering"> reverse engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32119/object-oriented-program-comprehension-by-identification-of-software-components-and-their-connexions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Extrudate Swell under the Effect of Radial Flow and Intrinsic Factors to the Polymer Upstream of the Die</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hela%20Krir">Hela Krir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Ayadi"> Abdelhak Ayadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chedly%20Bradaii"> Chedly Bradaii</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of both intrinsic factors, elastic energy and memory effect, and radial flow on the appearance and the evolution of the extrudate swelling are investigated in the present work. The experiments have been performed with linear polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) via a capillary rheometer in which a convergent radial flow was created upstream the contraction. The correspondence between the effects of radial flow, entry elastic stored energy and memory effect is discussed. In particular, as the influence of the considered radial flow, extrudate photographs showed that when the gap ratio is reduced, the extrudate swell is lessened than what it is when radial flow geometry is not installed. Moreover, with a narrower gap, the polymer stores less energy during its passage through the die which implies a lower extrudate swelling at the outlet of the die. Results previously mentioned may be related both to shear and elongational components of radial flow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20energy" title="elastic energy">elastic energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrudate%20swell" title=" extrudate swell"> extrudate swell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory%20effect" title=" memory effect"> memory effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20flow" title=" radial flow"> radial flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87319/extrudate-swell-under-the-effect-of-radial-flow-and-intrinsic-factors-to-the-polymer-upstream-of-the-die" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Antibacterial Activity of Bacillus thuringiensis Activated Delta-endotoxins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gounina-Allouane">R. Gounina-Allouane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ouali"> N. Ouali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Berrabah"> F. Z. Berrabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bentaleb"> A. Bentaleb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For a long time, the Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been widely used in biological control against devastating and disease vectors insects. This is due to the insecticidal activity of its crystalline parasporal inclusion (crystals) predominantly comprised of one or more proteins (Cry and Cyt proteins) also called δ-endotoxins, produced during sporulation. The shape and composition of Bt crystals vary among strains and crystalline proteins are extremely varied (more than 475 cry gene were discovered). The insecticidal activity of Bt crystals is very well studied, thus their insecticidal mode of action is well established, however, their antimicrobial effect is largely unknown. The lack of data on the antimicrobial effect of crystalline proteins of Bt and the need for searching new antimicrobial molecules encouraged us to carried out this study. The antibacterial effect of δ-endotoxines produced by two Bt stains; a strain isolated from soil at northern of Algeria (Bt 7.2.B), and a strain isolated from a bioinsecticide (Bacillus thuringiensis var aizawai), activated by proteolysis, was assayed on clinical bacterial strains and ATCC collection ones respectively. Gram positive and negative clinical bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonaie, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus) were sensitive to activated Bt 72B endotoxins. Similarly, bacterial strains from ATCC collection (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aerugenosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) were sensitive to activated B. thuringiensis var aizawai δ-endotoxines. The activated δ-endotoxins were separated by SDS-PAGE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20thuringiensis" title="Bacillus thuringiensis">Bacillus thuringiensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystals" title=" crystals"> crystals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cry%20proteins" title=" cry proteins"> cry proteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B4-endotoxins" title=" δ-endotoxins"> δ-endotoxins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30294/antibacterial-activity-of-bacillus-thuringiensis-activated-delta-endotoxins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Antibacterial Activity of Bacillus thuringiensis Cristalline Parasporal Proteins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gounina-Allouane">R. Gounina-Allouane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ouali"> N. Ouali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Berrabah"> F. Z. Berrabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bentaleb"> A. Bentaleb </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For a long time, the Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been widely used in biological control against devastating and disease vectors insects. This is due to the insecticidal activity of its crystalline parasporal inclusion (crystals) predominantly comprised of one or more proteins (Cry and Cyt proteins) also called δ-endotoxins, produced during sporulation. The shape and composition of Bt crystals vary among strains and crystalline proteins are extremely varied (more than 475 cry gene were discovered). The insecticidal activity of Bt crystals is very well studied, thus their insecticidal mode of action is well established, however, their antimicrobial effect is largely unknown. The lack of data on the antimicrobial effect of crystalline proteins of Bt and the need for searching new antimicrobial molecules encouraged us to carried out this study. The antibacterial effect of δ-endotoxines produced by two Bt stains; a strain isolated from soil at northern of Algeria (Bt 7.2.B), and a strain isolated from a bioinsecticide (Bacillus thuringiensis var aizawai), activated by proteolysis, was assayed on clinical bacterial strains and ATCC collection ones respectively. Gram positive and negative clinical bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonaie, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus) were sensitive to activated Bt 72B endotoxins. Similarly, bacterial strains from ATCC collection (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aerugenosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) were sensitive to activated B. thuringiensis var aizawai δ-endotoxines. The activated δ-endotoxins were separated by SDS-PAGE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20thuringiensis" title="Bacillus thuringiensis">Bacillus thuringiensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystals" title=" crystals"> crystals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cry%20proteins" title=" cry proteins"> cry proteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B4-endotoxins" title=" δ-endotoxins"> δ-endotoxins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17935/antibacterial-activity-of-bacillus-thuringiensis-cristalline-parasporal-proteins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Software Component Identification from Its Object-Oriented Code: Graph Metrics Based Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manel%20Brichni">Manel Brichni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak-Djamel%20Seriai"> Abdelhak-Djamel Seriai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Systems are increasingly complex. To reduce their complexity, an abstract view of the system can simplify its development. To overcome this problem, we propose a method to decompose systems into subsystems while reducing their coupling. These subsystems represent components. Consisting of an existing object-oriented systems, the main idea of our approach is based on modelling as graphs all entities of an oriented object source code. Such modelling is easy to handle, so we can apply restructuring algorithms based on graph metrics. The particularity of our approach consists in integrating in addition to standard metrics, such as coupling and cohesion, some graph metrics giving more precision during the components identication. To treat this problem, we relied on the ROMANTIC approach that proposed a component-based software architecture recovery from an object oriented system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20reengineering" title="software reengineering">software reengineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20component%0D%0Aand%20interfaces" title=" software component and interfaces"> software component and interfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metrics" title=" metrics"> metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphs" title=" graphs"> graphs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13322/software-component-identification-from-its-object-oriented-code-graph-metrics-based-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">501</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Influence of Entrepreneurial Passion in the Relationship between the Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Case of Moroccan Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soukaina%20Boutaky">Soukaina Boutaky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Sahibeddine"> Abdelhak Sahibeddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was carried out among students who have especially a scientific and technical educational background and who had opportunities to benefit from a program entrepreneurship course of 50 hours; at Higher School of Technology Khenifra, Morocco. This article has as a goal to explain the relationship between entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial intention. The authors chose Bandura’s theory of social cognition as a theoretical framework. The modeling methods equation is adopted to analyze the hypotheses by SMART PLS for 188 students. The results show a strong positive relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial passion. They also reveal that entrepreneurship education affects entrepreneurial intention through the effect of entrepreneurial passion, particularly among women than men. In addition, this study contributes in a theoretical way to the level of the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial passion, and these results provide educators and public decision-makers with advice on the importance of entrepreneurship training based on emotional traits such as passion; which constitutes a key and essential element to encourage young graduates to choose an entrepreneurial career as an alternative option or to develop entrepreneurial passion among the business leaders of tomorrow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship%20education" title="entrepreneurship education">entrepreneurship education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20passion" title=" entrepreneurial passion"> entrepreneurial passion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20intention" title=" entrepreneurial intention"> entrepreneurial intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equation%20modeling%20methods" title=" equation modeling methods"> equation modeling methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142281/influence-of-entrepreneurial-passion-in-the-relationship-between-the-entrepreneurship-education-and-entrepreneurial-intention-the-case-of-moroccan-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Modeling and Simulation of Organic Solar Cells Based on P3HT:PCBM using SCAPS 1-D (Influence of Defects and Temperature on the Performance of the Solar Cell)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souhila%20Boukli%20Hacene">Souhila Boukli Hacene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamila%20Kherbouche"> Djamila Kherbouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Chikhaoui"> Abdelhak Chikhaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we elucidate theoretically the effect of defects and temperature on the performance of the organic bulk heterojunction solar cell (BHJ) P3HT: PCBM. We have studied the influence of their parameters on cell characteristics. For this purpose, we used the effective medium model and the solar cell simulator (SCAPS) to model the characteristics of the solar cell. We also explore the transport of charge carriers in the device. It was assumed that the mixture is lightly p-type doped and that the band gap contains acceptor defects near the HOMO level with a Gaussian distribution of energy states at 100 and 50 meV. We varied defects density between 1012-1017 cm-3, from 1016 cm-3, a total decrease of the photovoltaic characteristics due to the increase of the non-radiative recombination can be noticed. Then we studied the effect of variation of the electron and the hole capture cross-section on the cell’s performance, we noticed that the cell obtains a better efficiency of about 3.6% for an electron capture cross section ≤ 10-15 cm2 and a hole capture cross section ≤ 10-19 cm2. On the other hand, we also varied the temperature between 120K and 400K. We observed that the temperature of the solar cell induces a noticeable effect on its voltage. While the effect of temperature on the solar cell current is negligible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20solar%20cell" title="organic solar cell">organic solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P3HT%3APCBM" title=" P3HT:PCBM"> P3HT:PCBM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defects" title=" defects"> defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCAPS" title=" SCAPS"> SCAPS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164758/modeling-and-simulation-of-organic-solar-cells-based-on-p3htpcbm-using-scaps-1-d-influence-of-defects-and-temperature-on-the-performance-of-the-solar-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Stability Analysis of DFIG Stator Powers Control Based on Sliding Mode Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Djoudi">Abdelhak Djoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hachemi%20Chekireb"> Hachemi Chekireb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Madjid%20Berkouk"> El Madjid Berkouk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) received recently an important consideration in medium and high power wind energy conversion systems integration, due to its advantages compared to other generators types. The stator power sliding mode control (SPSMC) proves a great efficiency judge against other control laws and schemes. In the SPSMC laws elaborated by several authors, only the slide surface tracking conditions are elaborated using Lyapunov functions, and the boundedness of the DFIG states is never treated. Some works have validated theirs approaches by experiments results in the case of specified machines, but these verifications stay insufficient to generalize to other machines range. Adding to this argument, the DFIG states boundedness demonstration is widely suggested in goal to ensure that in the application of the SPSMC, the states evaluates within theirs tolerable bounds. Our objective in the present paper is to highlight the efficiency of the SPSMC by stability analysis. The boundedness of the DFIG states such as the stator current and rotor flux is discussed. Moreover, the states trajectories are finding using analytical proves taking into consideration the SPSMC gains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doubly%20Fed%20Induction%20Generator%20%28DFIG%29" title="Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)">Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stator%20Powers%20Sliding%20Mode%20Control%20%28SPSMC%29" title=" Stator Powers Sliding Mode Control (SPSMC)"> Stator Powers Sliding Mode Control (SPSMC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lyapunov%20function" title=" lyapunov function"> lyapunov function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=states%20boundedness" title=" states boundedness"> states boundedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectories%20mathematical%20proves" title=" trajectories mathematical proves"> trajectories mathematical proves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1642/stability-analysis-of-dfig-stator-powers-control-based-on-sliding-mode-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> The Biofertilizer Effect of Pseudomonas of Salt Soils of the North-West Algerian, Study of Comportment of Bean (Vicia Faba)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djoudi%20Abdelhak">Djoudi Abdelhak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djibaoui%20Rachid"> Djibaoui Rachid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reguieg%20Yassaad%20Houcine"> Reguieg Yassaad Houcine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our study focuses on the identification of some species of Pseudomonas (P4, P5, P7 and P8) isolated from saline soils in northwestern Algeria and the effect of their metabolites on the growth of Alternaria alternata the causative agent of the blight of the bean disease (Vicia faba). We are also interested in stimulating the growth of this plant species in saline conditions (60 mM/l NaCl) and the absence of salts. The analysis focuses on rates of inhibition of mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata strain and the rate of growth of plants inoculated with strains of Pseudomonas expressed by biometrics. According to the results of the in-vitro test, P5 and P8 species and their metabolites showed a significant effect on mycelia growth and production of spores of Alternaria alternata. The in-vivo test shows that the species P8 and P5 were significantly and positively influencing the growth in biometric parameters of the bean in saline and salt-free condition. Inoculation with strain P5 has promoted the growth of the bean in stem height, stem fresh weight and dry weight of stems of 108.59%, 115.28%, 104.33%, respectively, in the presence of salt Inoculation with strain P5 has fostered the growth of the bean stem fresh weight of 112.47% in the presence of salt The effect of Pseudomonas species on the development of Vicia faba and the growth of Alternaria alternata is considering new techniques and methods of biological production and crop protection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudomonas" title="pseudomonas">pseudomonas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vicia%20faba" title=" vicia faba"> vicia faba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternaria%20alternata" title=" alternaria alternata"> alternaria alternata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=promoting%20of%20plant%20growth" title=" promoting of plant growth"> promoting of plant growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30608/the-biofertilizer-effect-of-pseudomonas-of-salt-soils-of-the-north-west-algerian-study-of-comportment-of-bean-vicia-faba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Steel-Wood Connections of Wooden Structures Under the Effect of a Fire</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Alagha">Ahmed Alagha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belkacem%20Lamri"> Belkacem Lamri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Kada."> Abdelhak Kada.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Steel-wood assemblies often have complex geometric configurations whose overall behavior under the effect of a fire is conditioned by the thermal response, by combining the two materials steel and wood, whose thermal characteristics are greatly influenced by high temperatures. The objective of this work is to study the thermal behavior of a steel-wood connection, with or without insulating material, subjected to an ISO834 standard fire model. The analysis is developed by the analytical approach using the Eurocode, and numerically, by the finite element method, through the ANSYS calculation code. The design of the connections is evaluated at room temperature taking the cases of single shear and double shear. The thermal behavior of the connections is simulated in transient state while taking into account the modes of heat transfer by convection and by radiation. The variation of temperature as a function of time is evaluated in different positions of the connections while talking about the heat produced and the formation of the carbon layer. The results relate to the temperature distributions in the connection elements as a function of the duration of the fire. The results of the thermal analysis show that the temperature increases rapidly and reaches more than 260 °C in the steel material for an hour of exposure to fire. The temperature development in wood material is different from that in steel because of its thermal properties. Wood heats up on the outside and burns, its surface can reach very high temperatures in points on the surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eurocode%205" title="Eurocode 5">Eurocode 5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20elements" title=" finite elements"> finite elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISO834" title=" ISO834"> ISO834</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simple%20shear" title=" simple shear"> simple shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20behaviour" title=" thermal behaviour"> thermal behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood-steel%20connection" title=" wood-steel connection"> wood-steel connection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160170/thermo-mechanical-behavior-of-steel-wood-connections-of-wooden-structures-under-the-effect-of-a-fire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160170.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Reuse of Wastewater After Pretreatment Under Teril and Sand in Bechar City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Seddiki">Sara Seddiki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maazouzi%20Abdelhak"> Maazouzi Abdelhak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this modest work is to follow the physicochemical and bacteriological evolution of the wastewater from the town of Bechar subjected to purification by filtration according to various local supports, namely Sable and Terrill by reducing nuisances that undergo the receiving environment (Oued Bechar) and therefore make this water source reusable in different areas. The study first made it possible to characterize the urban wastewater of the Bechar wadi, which presents an environmental threat, thus allowing an estimation of the pollutant load, the chemical oxygen demand COD (145 mg / l) and the biological oxygen demand BOD5 (72 mg / l) revealed that these waters are less biodegradable (COD / BOD5 ratio = 0.62), have a fairly high conductivity (2.76 mS/cm), and high levels of mineral matter presented by chlorides and sulphates 390 and 596.1 mg / l respectively, with a pH of 8.1. The characterization of the sand dune (Beni Abbes) shows that quartz (97%) is the most present mineral. The granular analysis allowed us to determine certain parameters like the uniformity coefficient (CU) and the equivalent diameter, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations and X-ray analysis were performed. The study of filtered wastewater shows satisfactory and very encouraging treatment results, with complete elimination of total coliforms and streptococci and a good reduction of total aerobic germs in the sand and clay-sand filter. A good yield has been reported in the sand Terrill filter for the reduction of turbidity. The rates of reduction of organic matter in terms of the biological oxygen demand, in chemical oxygen demand recorded, are of the order of 60%. The elimination of sulphates is 40% for the sand filter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20wastewater" title="urban wastewater">urban wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriological%20and%20physicochemical%20parameters" title=" bacteriological and physicochemical parameters"> bacteriological and physicochemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terrill" title=" Terrill"> Terrill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oued%20Bechar" title=" Oued Bechar"> Oued Bechar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164367/reuse-of-wastewater-after-pretreatment-under-teril-and-sand-in-bechar-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Numerical investigation of Hydrodynamic and Parietal Heat Transfer to Bingham Fluid Agitated in a Vessel by Helical Ribbon Impeller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Baccar">Mounir Baccar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Gammoudi"> Amel Gammoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Ayadi"> Abdelhak Ayadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficient mixing of highly viscous fluids is required for many industries such as food, polymers or paints production. The homogeneity is a challenging operation for this fluids type since they operate at low Reynolds number to reduce the required power of the used impellers. Particularly, close-clearance impellers, mainly helical ribbons, are chosen for highly viscous fluids agitated in laminar regime which is currently heated through vessel wall. Indeed, they are characterized by high shear strains closer to the vessel wall, which causes a disturbing thermal boundary layer and ensures the homogenization of the bulk volume by axial and radial vortices. The hydrodynamic and thermal behaviors of Newtonian fluids in vessels agitated by helical ribbon impellers, has been mostly studied by many researchers. However, rarely researchers investigated numerically the agitation of yield stress fluid by means of helical ribbon impellers. This paper aims to study the effect of the Double Helical Ribbon (DHR) stirrers on both the hydrodynamic and the thermal behaviors of yield stress fluids treated in a cylindrical vessel by means of numerical simulation approach. For this purpose, continuity, momentum, and thermal equations were solved by means of 3D finite volume technique. The effect of Oldroyd (Od) and Reynolds (Re) numbers on the power (Po) and Nusselt (Nu) numbers for the mentioned stirrer type have been studied. Also, the velocity and thermal fields, the dissipation function and the apparent viscosity have been presented in different (r-z) and (r-θ) planes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bingham%20fluid" title="Bingham fluid">Bingham fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hydrodynamic%20and%20thermal%20behavior" title=" Hydrodynamic and thermal behavior"> Hydrodynamic and thermal behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helical%20ribbon" title=" helical ribbon"> helical ribbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixing" title=" mixing"> mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modelling" title=" numerical modelling"> numerical modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57711/numerical-investigation-of-hydrodynamic-and-parietal-heat-transfer-to-bingham-fluid-agitated-in-a-vessel-by-helical-ribbon-impeller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in the Soil Surface of an Abandoned Mine, El-Abed Northwestern Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farida%20Mellah">Farida Mellah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Boutaleb"> Abdelhak Boutaleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bachir%20Henni"> Bachir Henni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalila%20Berdous"> Dalila Berdous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Mellah"> Abdelhamid Mellah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context/Purpose: One of the largest mining operations for lead and zinc deposits in northwestern Algeria in more than thirty years, El Abed is now the abandoned mine that has been inactive since 2004, leaving large amounts of accumulated mining waste under the influence of Wind, erosion, rain, and near agricultural lands. Materials & Methods: This study aims to verify the concentrations and sources of heavy metals for surface samples containing randomly taken soil. Chemical analyses were performed using iCAP 7000 Series ICP-optical emission spectrometer, using a set of environmental quality indicators by calculating the enrichment factor using iron and aluminum references, geographic accumulation index and geographic information system (GIS). On the basis of the spatial distribution. Results: The results indicated that the average metal concentration was: (As = 30,82),(Pb = 1219,27), (Zn = 2855,94), (Cu = 5,3), mg/Kg,based on these results, all metals except Cu passed by GBV in the Earth's crust. Environmental quality indicators were calculated based on the concentrations of trace metals such as lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, iron and aluminum. Interpretation: This study investigated the concentrations and sources of trace metals, and by using quality indicators and statistical methods, lead, zinc, and arsenic were determined from human sources, while copper was a natural source. And based on the spatial analysis on the basis of GIS, many hot spots were identified in the El-Abed region. Conclusion: These results could help in the development of future treatment strategies aimed primarily at eliminating materials from mining waste. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20contamination" title="soil contamination">soil contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trace%20metals" title=" trace metals"> trace metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemical%20indices" title=" geochemical indices"> geochemical indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Abed%20mine" title=" El Abed mine"> El Abed mine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178017/risk-assessment-of-trace-metals-in-the-soil-surface-of-an-abandoned-mine-el-abed-northwestern-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178017.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Preventive Impact of Regional Analgesia on Chronic Neuropathic Pain After General Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beloulou%20Mohamed%20Lamine">Beloulou Mohamed Lamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fedili%20Benamar"> Fedili Benamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliani%20Walid"> Meliani Walid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaid%20Dalila"> Chaid Dalila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamara%20Abdelhak"> Lamara Abdelhak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Post-surgical chronic pain (PSCP) is a pathological condition with a rather complex etiopathogenesis that extensively involves sensitization processes and neuronal damage. The neuropathic component of these pains is almost always present, with variable expression depending on the type of surgery. Objective: To assess the presumed beneficial effect of Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Techniques (RAAT) on the development of post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) in various surgical procedures. Patients and Methods: A comparative study involving 510 patients distributed across five surgical models (mastectomy, thoracotomy, hernioplasty, cholecystectomy, and major abdominal-pelvic surgery) and randomized into two groups: Group A (240) receiving conventional postoperative analgesia and Group B (270) receiving balanced analgesia, including the implementation of a Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Technique (RAAT). These patients were longitudinally followed over a 6-month period, with postsurgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) defined by a Neuropathic Pain Score DN2≥ 3. Comparative measurements through univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify associations between the development of PSCNP and certain predictive factors, including the presumed preventive impact (protective effect) of RAAT. Results: At the 6th month post-surgery, 419 patients were analyzed (Group A= 196 and Group B= 223). The incidence of PSCNP was 32.2% (n=135). Among these patients with chronic pain, the prevalence of neuropathic pain was 37.8% (95% CI: [29.6; 46.5]), with n=51/135. It was significantly lower in Group B compared to Group A, with respective percentages of 31.4% vs. 48.8% (p-value = 0.035). The most significant differences were observed in breast and thoracopulmonary surgeries. In a multiple regression analysis, two predictors of PSCNP were identified: the presence of preoperative pain at the surgical site as a risk factor (OR: 3.198; 95% CI [1.326; 7.714]) and RAAT as a protective factor (OR: 0.408; 95% CI [0.173; 0.961]). Conclusion: The neuropathic component of PSCNP can be observed in different types of surgeries. Regional analgesia included in a multimodal approach to postoperative pain management has proven to be effective for acute pain and seems to have a preventive impact on the development of PSCNP and its neuropathic nature, particularly in surgeries that are more prone to chronicization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-surgical%20chronic%20pain" title="post-surgical chronic pain">post-surgical chronic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-surgical%20chronic%20neuropathic%20pain" title=" post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain"> post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20anesthesia-analgesia%20techniques" title=" regional anesthesia-analgesia techniques"> regional anesthesia-analgesia techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropathic%20pain%20score%20DN2" title=" neuropathic pain score DN2"> neuropathic pain score DN2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preventive%20impact" title=" preventive impact"> preventive impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174667/preventive-impact-of-regional-analgesia-on-chronic-neuropathic-pain-after-general-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Preventive Effect of Locoregional Analgesia Techniques on Chronic Post-Surgical Neuropathic Pain: A Prospective Randomized Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beloulou%20Mohamed%20Lamine">Beloulou Mohamed Lamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouhouf%20Attef"> Bouhouf Attef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliani%20Walid"> Meliani Walid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sellami%20Dalila"> Sellami Dalila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamara%20Abdelhak"> Lamara Abdelhak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Post-surgical chronic pain (PSCP) is a pathological condition with a rather complex etiopathogenesis that extensively involves sensitization processes and neuronal damage. The neuropathic component of these pains is almost always present, with variable expression depending on the type of surgery. Objective: To assess the presumed beneficial effect of Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Techniques (RAAT) on the development of post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) in various surgical procedures. Patients and Methods: A comparative study involving 510 patients distributed across five surgical models (mastectomy, thoracotomy, hernioplasty, cholecystectomy, and major abdominal-pelvic surgery) and randomized into two groups: Group A (240) receiving conventional postoperative analgesia and Group B (270) receiving balanced analgesia, including the implementation of a Regional Anesthesia-Analgesia Technique (RAAT). These patients were longitudinally followed over a 6-month period, with post-surgical chronic neuropathic pain (PSCNP) defined by a Neuropathic Pain Score DN2≥ 3. Comparative measurements through univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify associations between the development of PSCNP and certain predictive factors, including the presumed preventive impact (protective effect) of RAAT. Results: At the 6th month post-surgery, 419 patients were analyzed (Group A= 196 and Group B= 223). The incidence of PSCNP was 32.2% (n=135). Among these patients with chronic pain, the prevalence of neuropathic pain was 37.8% (95% CI: [29.6; 46.5]), with n=51/135. It was significantly lower in Group B compared to Group A, with respective percentages of 31.4% vs. 48.8% (p-value = 0.035). The most significant differences were observed in breast and thoracopulmonary surgeries. In a multiple regression analysis, two predictors of PSCNP were identified: the presence of preoperative pain at the surgical site as a risk factor (OR: 3.198; 95% CI [1.326; 7.714]) and RAAT as a protective factor (OR: 0.408; 95% CI [0.173; 0.961]). Conclusion: The neuropathic component of PSCNP can be observed in different types of surgeries. Regional analgesia included in a multimodal approach to postoperative pain management has proven to be effective for acute pain and seems to have a preventive impact on the development of PSCNP and its neuropathic nature or component, particularly in surgeries that are more prone to chronicization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20postsurgical%20pain" title="chronic postsurgical pain">chronic postsurgical pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postsurgical%20chronic%20neuropathic%20pain" title=" postsurgical chronic neuropathic pain"> postsurgical chronic neuropathic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20anesthesia%20and%20analgesia%20techniques%20%28RAAT%29" title=" regional anesthesia and analgesia techniques (RAAT)"> regional anesthesia and analgesia techniques (RAAT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropathic%20pain%20score%20dn2" title=" neuropathic pain score dn2"> neuropathic pain score dn2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preventive%20impact" title=" preventive impact"> preventive impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192103/preventive-effect-of-locoregional-analgesia-techniques-on-chronic-post-surgical-neuropathic-pain-a-prospective-randomized-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a 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