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href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like">What will your website look like?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content">HTML: Creating the content</a></li><li><em><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content" aria-current="page">CSS: Styling the content</a></em></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity">JavaScript: Adding interactivity</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website">Publishing your website</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards">Web standards</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works">How the web works</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model">The web standards model</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites">How browsers load websites</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills">Soft skills</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning">Research and learning</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork">Collaboration and teamwork</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes">Workflows and processes</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Job_interviews">Succeeding in job interviews</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core">Core modules</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content">Structuring content with HTML</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax">Basic HTML syntax</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata">What's in the head? Webpage metadata</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs">Headings and paragraphs in HTML</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance">Emphasis and importance</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists">Lists</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents">Structuring documents</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features">Advanced text features</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links">Creating links</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter">Challenge: Marking up a letter</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content">Challenge: Structuring a page of content</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_images">HTML images</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_video_and_audio">HTML video and audio</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Mozilla_splash_page">Challenge: Mozilla splash page</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_table_basics">HTML table basics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Table_accessibility">HTML table accessibility</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Planet_data_table">Challenge: Structuring a planet data table</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_forms">Forms and buttons in HTML</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Debugging_HTML">Debugging HTML</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics">CSS styling basics</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS">What is CSS?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Getting_started">Getting started with CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Styling_a_bio_page">Challenge: Styling a biography page</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors">Basic CSS selectors</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Attribute_selectors">Attribute selectors</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements">Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators">Combinators</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model">The box model</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Handling_conflicts">Handling conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units">CSS values and units</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Sizing">Sizing items in CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Backgrounds_and_borders">Backgrounds and borders</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Overflow">Overflowing content</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Images_media_forms">Images, media, and form elements</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Tables">Styling tables</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Debugging_CSS">Debugging CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension">Challenge: Fundamental CSS comprehension</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fancy_letterheaded_paper">Challenge: Creating fancy letterheaded paper</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Cool-looking_box">Challenge: A cool-looking box</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling">CSS text styling</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals">Fundamental text and font styling</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists">Styling lists</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links">Styling links</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts">Web fonts</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage">Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout">CSS layout</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction">Introduction to CSS layout</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats">Floats</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning">Positioning</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Flexbox">Flexbox</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Grids">CSS grid layout</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design">Responsive design</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Media_queries">Media query fundamentals</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension">Challenge: Fundamental layout comprehension</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting">Dynamic scripting with JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_is_JavaScript">What is JavaScript?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/A_first_splash">A first splash into JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_went_wrong">What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Variables">Storing the information you need — Variables</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Math">Basic math in JavaScript — numbers and operators</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Strings">Handling text — strings in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Useful_string_methods">Useful string methods</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Arrays">Arrays</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Silly_story_generator">Challenge: Silly story generator</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Conditionals">Making decisions in your code — conditionals</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Loops">Looping code</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Functions">Functions — reusable blocks of code</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Build_your_own_function">Build your own function</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Return_values">Function return values</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Events">Introduction to events</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Event_bubbling">Event bubbling</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Image_gallery">Challenge: Image gallery</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Object_basics">JavaScript object basics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/DOM_scripting">DOM scripting introduction</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Network_requests">Making network requests with JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/JSON">Working with JSON</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Debugging_JavaScript">Debugging JavaScript and handling errors</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries">JavaScript frameworks and libraries</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Introduction">Introduction to client-side frameworks</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Main_features">Framework main features</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_getting_started">Getting started with React</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_todo_list_beginning">Beginning our React todo list</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_components">Componentizing our React app</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_events_state">React interactivity: Events and state</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_filtering_conditional_rendering">React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_accessibility">Accessibility in React</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_resources">React resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility">Accessibility</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/What_is_accessibility">What is accessibility?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Tooling">Accessibility tooling and assistive technology</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/HTML">HTML: A good basis for accessibility</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/CSS_and_JavaScript">CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/WAI-ARIA_basics">WAI-ARIA basics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Multimedia">Accessible multimedia</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Mobile">Mobile accessibility</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Accessibility_troubleshooting">Challenge: Accessibility troubleshooting</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Design_for_developers">Design for developers</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control">Version control</a></li><li class="section"><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions">Extension modules</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects">Advanced JavaScript objects</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes">Object prototypes</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming">Object-oriented programming</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript">Classes in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice">Object building practice</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features">Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs">Client-side web APIs</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Introduction">Introduction to web APIs</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Video_and_audio_APIs">Video and Audio APIs</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Drawing_graphics">Drawing graphics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Client-side_storage">Client-side storage</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Third_party_APIs">Third-party APIs</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS">Asynchronous JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing">Introducing asynchronous JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Promises">How to use promises</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API">How to implement a promise-based API</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing_workers">Introducing workers</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Sequencing_animations">Challenge: Sequencing animations</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms">Web forms</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Your_first_form">Your first form</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/How_to_structure_a_web_form">How to structure a web form</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Basic_native_form_controls">Basic native form controls</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/HTML5_input_types">The HTML5 input types</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Other_form_controls">Other form controls</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Styling_web_forms">Styling web forms</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Advanced_form_styling">Advanced form styling</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/UI_pseudo-classes">UI pseudo-classes</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Form_validation">Client-side form validation</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data">Sending form data</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools">Understanding client-side tools</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Overview">Client-side tooling overview</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Package_management">Package management basics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Introducing_complete_toolchain">Introducing a complete toolchain</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Deployment">Deploying our app</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side">Server-side websites</a></summary><ol><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps">Server-side first steps</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Introduction">Introduction to the server side</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Client-Server_overview">Client-Server Overview</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Web_frameworks">Server-side web frameworks</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Website_security">Website security</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django">Django web framework (Python)</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Introduction">Django introduction</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/development_environment">Setting up a Django development environment</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Tutorial_local_library_website">Django Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/skeleton_website">Django Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Models">Django Tutorial Part 3: Using models</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Admin_site">Django Tutorial Part 4: Django admin site</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Home_page">Django Tutorial Part 5: Creating our home page</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Generic_views">Django Tutorial Part 6: Generic list and detail views</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Sessions">Django Tutorial Part 7: Sessions framework</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Authentication">Django Tutorial Part 8: User authentication and permissions</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Forms">Django Tutorial Part 9: Working with forms</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Testing">Django Tutorial Part 10: Testing a Django web application</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Deployment">Django Tutorial Part 11: Deploying Django to production</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/web_application_security">Django web application security</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/django_assessment_blog">Assessment: DIY Django mini blog</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs">Express web framework (Node.js)</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Introduction">Express/Node introduction</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/development_environment">Setting up a Node development environment</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Tutorial_local_library_website">Express Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website">Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/mongoose">Express Tutorial Part 3: Using a Database (with Mongoose)</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/routes">Express Tutorial Part 4: Routes and controllers</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Displaying_data">Express Tutorial Part 5: Displaying library data</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/forms">Express Tutorial Part 6: Working with forms</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/deployment">Express Tutorial Part 7: Deploying to production</a></li></ol></details></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance">Web performance</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/why_web_performance">The "why" of web performance</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/What_is_web_performance">What is web performance?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Perceived_performance">Perceived performance</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Measuring_performance">Measuring performance</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Multimedia">Multimedia: Images</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/video">Multimedia: video</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/JavaScript">JavaScript performance optimization</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/HTML">HTML performance optimization</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/CSS">CSS performance optimization</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/business_case_for_performance">The business case for web performance</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing">Testing</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Introduction">Introduction to cross-browser testing</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Testing_strategies">Strategies for carrying out testing</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/HTML_and_CSS">Handling common HTML and CSS problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Feature_detection">Implementing feature detection</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Automated_testing">Introduction to automated testing</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Your_own_automation_environment">Setting up your own test automation environment</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Transform_animate">Transform and animate CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Security_privacy">Security and privacy</a></li><li class="section">Further resources</li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto">How to solve common problems</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_HTML_problems">Solve common HTML problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_CSS_problems">Solve common CSS problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_JavaScript_problems">Solve common JavaScript problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Web_mechanics">Web mechanics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Tools_and_setup">Tools and setup</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Design_and_accessibility">Design and accessibility</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/About">About</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators">Resources for educators</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Changelog">Changelog</a></li></ol></div></div><section class="place side"></section></nav></aside><div class="toc-container"><aside class="toc"><nav><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">In this article</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#what_is_css">What is CSS?</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#anatomy_of_a_css_ruleset">Anatomy of a CSS ruleset</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#fonts_and_text">Fonts and text</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#css_all_about_boxes">CSS: all about boxes</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#conclusion">Conclusion</a></li></ul></section></div></nav></aside><section class="place side"></section></div></div><main id="content" class="main-content "><article class="main-page-content" lang="en-US"><header><h1>CSS: Styling the content</h1></header><div class="section-content"><ul class="prev-next"><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content"><span class="button-wrap"> Previous </span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website"><span class="button-wrap"> Overview: Your first website</span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity"><span class="button-wrap"> Next </span></a></li></ul> <p>CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is the code that styles web content. <em>Styling the content</em> walks through what you need to get started. We'll answer questions like: How do I make text red? How do I make content display at a certain location in the (webpage) layout? How do I decorate my webpage with background images and colors?</p> <figure class="table-container"><table> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">Prerequisites:</th> <td> Basic familiarity with your computer operating system, the basic software you will use to build a website, and file systems. </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Learning outcomes:</th> <td> <ul> <li>The purpose and function of CSS.</li> <li>The basic parts of CSS syntax — rulesets, selectors, declarations, properties, property values.</li> <li>Common CSS functionality including box model, changing colors and fonts, and positioning HTML elements.</li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table></figure></div><section aria-labelledby="what_is_css"><h2 id="what_is_css"><a href="#what_is_css">What is CSS?</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Like HTML, CSS is not a programming language. It's not a markup language either. <strong>CSS is a style sheet language.</strong> CSS is what you use to selectively style HTML elements. For example, this CSS selects paragraph text, setting the color to red:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>p { color: red; } </code></pre></div> <p>Let's try it out!</p> <ol> <li>Inside your <code>first-website</code> folder, create another new folder called <code>styles</code>.</li> <li>Using a text editor, paste the three lines of CSS shown above into a new file.</li> <li>Save the file inside your <code>styles</code> folder with a filename of <code>style.css</code>.</li> </ol> <p>To make the code work, we still need to apply this CSS (above) to your HTML document. Otherwise, the styling won't change the appearance of the HTML.</p> <ol> <li> <p>Open your <code>index.html</code> file. Paste the following line inside the HTML head (between the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/head"><code><head></code></a> and <code></head></code> tags):</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html notranslate"><code><link href="styles/style.css" rel="stylesheet" /> </code></pre></div> </li> <li> <p>Save <code>index.html</code> and load it in your browser. You should see something like this:</p> </li> </ol> <p><img src="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/website-screenshot-styled.png" alt="A Mozilla logo and some paragraphs. The paragraph text has been styled red by our css." width="711" height="832" loading="lazy"></p> <p>If your paragraph text is red, congratulations! Your CSS is working.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="anatomy_of_a_css_ruleset"><h2 id="anatomy_of_a_css_ruleset"><a href="#anatomy_of_a_css_ruleset">Anatomy of a CSS ruleset</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Let's dissect the CSS code for red paragraph text to understand how it works:</p> <p><img src="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/css-declaration-small.png" alt="CSS p declaration color red" width="850" height="480" loading="lazy"></p> <p>The whole structure is called a <strong>ruleset</strong>. (The term <em>ruleset</em> is often referred to as just <em>rule</em>.) Note the names of the individual parts:</p> <dl> <dt id="selector"><a href="#selector">Selector</a></dt> <dd> <p>This is the HTML element name at the start of the ruleset. It defines the element(s) to be styled (in this example, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/p"><code><p></code></a> elements). To style a different element, change the selector.</p> </dd> <dt id="declaration"><a href="#declaration">Declaration</a></dt> <dd> <p>This is a single rule like <code>color: red;</code>. It specifies which of the element's <strong>properties</strong> you want to style.</p> </dd> <dt id="properties"><a href="#properties">Properties</a></dt> <dd> <p>These are features of an HTML element that you can change the values of, to make it styled differently. (In this example, <code>color</code> is a property of the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/p"><code><p></code></a> elements.) In CSS, you choose which properties you want to affect in the rule.</p> </dd> <dt id="property_value"><a href="#property_value">Property value</a></dt> <dd> <p>To the right of the property—after the colon—there is the <strong>property value</strong>. This chooses one out of many possible appearances for a given property. (For example, there are many <code>color</code> values in addition to <code>red</code>.)</p> </dd> </dl> <p>Note the other important parts of the syntax:</p> <ul> <li>Apart from the selector, each ruleset must be wrapped in curly braces. (<code>{}</code>)</li> <li>Within each declaration, you must use a colon (<code>:</code>) to separate the property from its value or values.</li> <li>Within each ruleset, you must use a semicolon (<code>;</code>) to separate each declaration from the next one.</li> </ul> <p>To modify multiple property values in one ruleset, write them separated by semicolons, like this:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>p { color: red; width: 500px; border: 1px solid black; } </code></pre></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="selecting_multiple_elements"><h3 id="selecting_multiple_elements"><a href="#selecting_multiple_elements">Selecting multiple elements</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>You can also select multiple elements and apply a single ruleset to all of them. Separate multiple selectors by commas. For example:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>p, li, h1 { color: red; } </code></pre></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="different_types_of_selectors"><h3 id="different_types_of_selectors"><a href="#different_types_of_selectors">Different types of selectors</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>There are many different types of selectors. The examples above use <strong>element selectors</strong>, which select all elements of a given type. But we can make more specific selections as well. Here are some of the more common types of selectors:</p> <figure class="table-container"><table class="standard-table no-markdown"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Selector name</th> <th scope="col">What does it select</th> <th scope="col">Example</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Element selector (sometimes called a tag or type selector)</td> <td>All HTML elements of the specified type.</td> <td><code>p</code><br>selects <code><p></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>ID selector</td> <td> The element on the page with the specified ID. On a given HTML page, each id value should be unique. </td> <td> <code>#my-id</code><br>selects <code><p id="my-id"></code> or <code><a id="my-id"></code> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Class selector</td> <td> The element(s) on the page with the specified class. Multiple instances of the same class can appear on a page. </td> <td> <code>.my-class</code><br>selects <code><p class="my-class"></code> and <code><a class="my-class"></code> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Attribute selector</td> <td>The element(s) on the page with the specified attribute.</td> <td> <code>img[src]</code><br>selects <code><img src="my-image.png"></code> but not <code><img></code> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Pseudo-class selector</td> <td> The specified element(s), but only when in the specified state. (For example, when a cursor hovers over a link.) </td> <td> <code>a:hover</code><br>selects <code><a></code>, but only when the mouse pointer is hovering over the link. </td> </tr> </tbody> </table></figure> <p>There are many more selectors to discover. To learn more, see our selectors tutorials, starting with <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors">Basic selectors</a>.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="fonts_and_text"><h2 id="fonts_and_text"><a href="#fonts_and_text">Fonts and text</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Now that we've explored some CSS fundamentals, let's improve the appearance of the example by adding more rules and information to the <code>style.css</code> file.</p> <ol> <li> <p>First, find the <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like#font">output from Google Fonts</a> that you previously saved from <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like">What will your website look like?</a>. Add the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/link"><code><link></code></a> element somewhere inside your <code>index.html</code>'s head (anywhere between the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/head"><code><head></code></a> and <code></head></code> tags). It looks something like this:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html notranslate"><code><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans" rel="stylesheet" /> </code></pre></div> <p>This code links your page to a style sheet that loads the Open Sans font family with your webpage.</p> </li> <li> <p>Next, delete the existing rule you have in your <code>style.css</code> file. It was a good test, but let's not continue with lots of red text.</p> </li> <li> <p>Add the following lines (shown below), replacing the <code>font-family</code> assignment with your <code>font-family</code> selection from <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like#font">What will your website look like?</a>. The property <code>font-family</code> refers to the font(s) you want to use for text. This rule defines a global base font and font size for the whole page. Since <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/html"><code><html></code></a> is the parent element of the whole page, all elements inside it inherit the same <code>font-size</code> and <code>font-family</code>.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>html { font-size: 10px; /* px means "pixels": the base font size is now 10 pixels high */ font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; /* this should be the rest of the output you got from Google Fonts */ } </code></pre></div> <div class="notecard note"> <p><strong>Note:</strong> Anything in CSS between <code>/*</code> and <code>*/</code> is a <strong>CSS comment</strong>. The browser ignores comments as it renders the code. CSS comments are a way for you to write helpful notes about your code or logic.</p> </div> </li> <li> <p>Now let's set font sizes for elements that will have text inside the HTML body (<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/Heading_Elements"><h1></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/li"><code><li></code></a>, and <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/p"><code><p></code></a>). We'll also center the heading. Finally, let's expand the second ruleset (below) with settings for line height and letter spacing to make body content more readable.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>h1 { font-size: 60px; text-align: center; } p, li { font-size: 16px; line-height: 2; letter-spacing: 1px; } </code></pre></div> </li> </ol> <p>Adjust the <code>px</code> values as you like. Your work-in-progress should look similar to this:</p> <p><img src="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/website-screenshot-font-small.png" alt="A Mozilla logo and some paragraphs. A sans-serif font has been set, the font sizes, line height and letter spacing are adjusted, and the main page heading has been centered" width="921" height="1020" loading="lazy"></p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="css_all_about_boxes"><h2 id="css_all_about_boxes"><a href="#css_all_about_boxes">CSS: all about boxes</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Something you'll notice about CSS as you use it more: a lot of it is about boxes. This includes setting size, color, and position. Most HTML elements on your page can be thought of as boxes sitting on top of other boxes.</p> <p><img src="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/boxes.jpg" alt="A big stack of boxes or crates sat on top of one another" width="640" height="463" loading="lazy"></p> <p>Photo from <a href="https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/3418115" class="external" target="_blank">https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/3418115</a> Copyright © <a href="https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/26362" class="external" target="_blank">Jim Barton</a> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/" class="external" target="_blank">cc-by-sa/2.0</a></p> <p>CSS layout is mostly based on the <em>box model.</em> Each box taking up space on your page has properties like:</p> <ul> <li><code>padding</code>, the space around the content. In the example below, it is the space around the paragraph text.</li> <li><code>border</code>, the solid line that is just outside the padding.</li> <li><code>margin</code>, the space around the outside of the border.</li> </ul> <p><img src="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/box-model.png" alt="Three boxes sat inside one another. From outside to in they are labelled margin, border and padding" width="574" height="450" loading="lazy"></p> <p>In this section we also use:</p> <ul> <li><code>width</code> (of an element).</li> <li><code>background-color</code>, the color behind an element's content and padding.</li> <li><code>color</code>, the color of an element's content (usually text).</li> <li><code>text-shadow</code> sets a drop shadow on the text inside an element.</li> <li><code>display</code> sets the display mode of an element. (keep reading to learn more)</li> </ul> <p>To continue, let's add more CSS. Keep adding these new rules at the bottom of <code>style.css</code>. Experiment with changing values to see what happens.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="changing_the_page_color"><h3 id="changing_the_page_color"><a href="#changing_the_page_color">Changing the page color</a></h3><div class="section-content"><div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>html { background-color: #00539f; } </code></pre></div> <p>This rule sets a background color for the entire page. Change the color code to <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like#theme_color">the color you chose in What will my website look like?</a>.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="styling_the_body"><h3 id="styling_the_body"><a href="#styling_the_body">Styling the body</a></h3><div class="section-content"><div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>body { width: 600px; margin: 0 auto; background-color: #ff9500; padding: 0 20px 20px 20px; border: 5px solid black; } </code></pre></div> <p>The above code sets new values for several properties of the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/body"><code><body></code></a> element. Let's go through these line-by-line:</p> <ul> <li><code>width: 600px;</code> This forces the body to always be 600 pixels wide.</li> <li><code>margin: 0 auto;</code> When you set two values on a property like <code>margin</code> or <code>padding</code>, the first value affects the element's top <em>and</em> bottom side (setting it to <code>0</code> in this case); the second value affects the left <em>and</em> right side. (Here, <code>auto</code> is a special value that divides the available horizontal space evenly between left and right). You can also use one, two, three, or four values, as documented in <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin#syntax">Margin Syntax</a>.</li> <li><code>background-color: #FF9500;</code> This sets the element's background color. This project uses a reddish orange for the body background color, as opposed to dark blue for the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/html"><code><html></code></a> element. (Feel free to experiment.)</li> <li><code>padding: 0 20px 20px 20px;</code> This sets four values for padding. The goal is to put some space around the content. In this example, there is no padding on the top of the body, and 20 pixels on the right, bottom and left. The values set top, right, bottom, left, in that order. As with <code>margin</code>, you can use one, two, three, or four values, as documented in <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding#syntax">Padding Syntax</a>.</li> <li><code>border: 5px solid black;</code> This sets values for the width, style and color of the border. In this case, it's a five-pixel–wide, solid black border, on all sides of the body.</li> </ul></div></section><section aria-labelledby="positioning_and_styling_the_main_page_title"><h3 id="positioning_and_styling_the_main_page_title"><a href="#positioning_and_styling_the_main_page_title">Positioning and styling the main page title</a></h3><div class="section-content"><div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>h1 { margin: 0; padding: 20px 0; color: #00539f; text-shadow: 3px 3px 1px black; } </code></pre></div> <p>You may have noticed there's a horrible gap at the top of the body. That happens because browsers apply default styling to the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/Heading_Elements">h1</a> element (among others). That might seem like a bad idea, but the intent is to provide basic readability for unstyled pages. To eliminate the gap, we overwrite the browser's default styling with the setting <code>margin: 0;</code>.</p> <p>Next, we set the heading's top and bottom padding to 20 pixels.</p> <p>Following that, we set the heading text to be the same color as the HTML background color.</p> <p>Finally, <code>text-shadow</code> applies a shadow to the text content of the element. Its four values are:</p> <ul> <li>The first pixel value sets the <strong>horizontal offset</strong> of the shadow from the text: how far it moves across.</li> <li>The second pixel value sets the <strong>vertical offset</strong> of the shadow from the text: how far it moves down.</li> <li>The third pixel value sets the <strong>blur radius</strong> of the shadow. A larger value produces a more fuzzy-looking shadow.</li> <li>The fourth value sets the base color of the shadow.</li> </ul> <p>Try experimenting with different values to see how it changes the appearance.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="centering_the_image"><h3 id="centering_the_image"><a href="#centering_the_image">Centering the image</a></h3><div class="section-content"><div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>img { display: block; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 100%; } </code></pre></div> <p>Next, we center the image to make it look better. We could use the same <code>margin: 0 auto</code> trick as we did for the body. But there are differences that require an additional setting to make the CSS work.</p> <p>The <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/body"><code><body></code></a> is a <strong>block</strong> element, meaning it takes up space on the page. The margin applied to a block element will be respected by other elements on the page. In contrast, images are <strong>inline</strong> elements; for the auto margin trick to work on this image, we must give it block-level behavior using <code>display: block;</code>.</p> <p>Finally, we include <code>max-width: 100%;</code> to make sure that, if the image is larger than the <code>width</code> set on the body (600 pixels), it will be displayed at this width, and no bigger.</p> <div class="notecard note"> <p><strong>Note:</strong> Don't be too concerned if you don't completely understand <code>display: block;</code> and the differences between a block element and an inline element, or <code>max-width: 100%;</code>. They will make more sense as you continue your study of CSS. You can find more information about these properties on MDN's <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display"><code>display</code></a> and <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-width"><code>max-width</code></a> reference pages.</p> </div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="conclusion"><h2 id="conclusion"><a href="#conclusion">Conclusion</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>If you followed all the instructions in this article, you should have a page that looks similar to this one:</p> <p><img src="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/website-screenshot-final.png" alt="A Mozilla logo, centered, and a header and paragraphs. It now looks nicely styled, with a blue background for the whole page and orange background for the centered main content strip." width="940" height="1084" loading="lazy"></p> <p>(You can <a href="https://mdn.github.io/beginner-html-site-styled/" class="external" target="_blank">view our version here</a>.) If you get stuck, you can always compare your work with our <a href="https://github.com/mdn/beginner-html-site-styled/blob/gh-pages/styles/style.css" class="external" target="_blank">finished example code on GitHub</a>.</p> <p>In this article, we have just scratched the surface of CSS. Our <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core">Core modules</a>, starting with the <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics">CSS styling basics module</a>, will cover it in a lot more detail.</p> <ul class="prev-next"><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content"><span class="button-wrap"> Previous </span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website"><span class="button-wrap"> Overview: Your first website</span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity"><span class="button-wrap"> Next </span></a></li></ul></div></section></article><aside class="article-footer"><div class="article-footer-inner"><div class="svg-container"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="162" height="162" viewBox="0 0 162 162" 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contributors. Content available under <a href="/en-US/docs/MDN/Writing_guidelines/Attrib_copyright_license">a Creative Commons license</a>.</p></div></div></footer></div><script type="application/json" id="hydration">{"url":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content","doc":{"body":[{"type":"prose","value":{"id":null,"title":null,"isH3":false,"content":"<ul class=\"prev-next\"><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Previous </span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Overview: Your first website</span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Next </span></a></li></ul>\n<p>CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is the code that styles web content. <em>Styling the content</em> walks through what you need to get started. We'll answer questions like: How do I make text red? How do I make content display at a certain location in the (webpage) layout? How do I decorate my webpage with background images and colors?</p>\n<figure class=\"table-container\"><table>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">Prerequisites:</th>\n <td>\n Basic familiarity with your computer operating system, the basic software you will use to build a website, and file systems.\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">Learning outcomes:</th>\n <td>\n <ul>\n <li>The purpose and function of CSS.</li>\n <li>The basic parts of CSS syntax — rulesets, selectors, declarations, properties, property values.</li>\n <li>Common CSS functionality including box model, changing colors and fonts, and positioning HTML elements.</li>\n </ul>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n</table></figure>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"what_is_css","title":"What is CSS?","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Like HTML, CSS is not a programming language. It's not a markup language either. <strong>CSS is a style sheet language.</strong> CSS is what you use to selectively style HTML elements. For example, this CSS selects paragraph text, setting the color to red:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>p {\n color: red;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Let's try it out!</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Inside your <code>first-website</code> folder, create another new folder called <code>styles</code>.</li>\n<li>Using a text editor, paste the three lines of CSS shown above into a new file.</li>\n<li>Save the file inside your <code>styles</code> folder with a filename of <code>style.css</code>.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>To make the code work, we still need to apply this CSS (above) to your HTML document. Otherwise, the styling won't change the appearance of the HTML.</p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>Open your <code>index.html</code> file. Paste the following line inside the HTML head (between the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/head\"><code><head></code></a> and <code></head></code> tags):</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html notranslate\"><code><link href=\"styles/style.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" />\n</code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Save <code>index.html</code> and load it in your browser. You should see something like this:</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<p><img src=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/website-screenshot-styled.png\" alt=\"A Mozilla logo and some paragraphs. The paragraph text has been styled red by our css.\" width=\"711\" height=\"832\" loading=\"lazy\"></p>\n<p>If your paragraph text is red, congratulations! Your CSS is working.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"anatomy_of_a_css_ruleset","title":"Anatomy of a CSS ruleset","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Let's dissect the CSS code for red paragraph text to understand how it works:</p>\n<p><img src=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/css-declaration-small.png\" alt=\"CSS p declaration color red\" width=\"850\" height=\"480\" loading=\"lazy\"></p>\n<p>The whole structure is called a <strong>ruleset</strong>. (The term <em>ruleset</em> is often referred to as just <em>rule</em>.) Note the names of the individual parts:</p>\n<dl>\n<dt id=\"selector\"><a href=\"#selector\">Selector</a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>This is the HTML element name at the start of the ruleset. It defines the element(s) to be styled (in this example, <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/p\"><code><p></code></a> elements). To style a different element, change the selector.</p>\n</dd>\n<dt id=\"declaration\"><a href=\"#declaration\">Declaration</a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>This is a single rule like <code>color: red;</code>. It specifies which of the element's <strong>properties</strong> you want to style.</p>\n</dd>\n<dt id=\"properties\"><a href=\"#properties\">Properties</a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>These are features of an HTML element that you can change the values of, to make it styled differently. (In this example, <code>color</code> is a property of the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/p\"><code><p></code></a> elements.) In CSS, you choose which properties you want to affect in the rule.</p>\n</dd>\n<dt id=\"property_value\"><a href=\"#property_value\">Property value</a></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>To the right of the property—after the colon—there is the <strong>property value</strong>. This chooses one out of many possible appearances for a given property. (For example, there are many <code>color</code> values in addition to <code>red</code>.)</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n<p>Note the other important parts of the syntax:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Apart from the selector, each ruleset must be wrapped in curly braces. (<code>{}</code>)</li>\n<li>Within each declaration, you must use a colon (<code>:</code>) to separate the property from its value or values.</li>\n<li>Within each ruleset, you must use a semicolon (<code>;</code>) to separate each declaration from the next one.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>To modify multiple property values in one ruleset, write them separated by semicolons, like this:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>p {\n color: red;\n width: 500px;\n border: 1px solid black;\n}\n</code></pre></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"selecting_multiple_elements","title":"Selecting multiple elements","isH3":true,"content":"<p>You can also select multiple elements and apply a single ruleset to all of them. Separate multiple selectors by commas. For example:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>p,\nli,\nh1 {\n color: red;\n}\n</code></pre></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"different_types_of_selectors","title":"Different types of selectors","isH3":true,"content":"<p>There are many different types of selectors. The examples above use <strong>element selectors</strong>, which select all elements of a given type. But we can make more specific selections as well. Here are some of the more common types of selectors:</p>\n<figure class=\"table-container\"><table class=\"standard-table no-markdown\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"col\">Selector name</th>\n <th scope=\"col\">What does it select</th>\n <th scope=\"col\">Example</th>\n </tr>\n </thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td>Element selector (sometimes called a tag or type selector)</td>\n <td>All HTML elements of the specified type.</td>\n <td><code>p</code><br>selects <code><p></code></td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td>ID selector</td>\n <td>\n The element on the page with the specified ID. On a given HTML page,\n each id value should be unique.\n </td>\n <td>\n <code>#my-id</code><br>selects <code><p id=\"my-id\"></code> or\n <code><a id=\"my-id\"></code>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Class selector</td>\n <td>\n The element(s) on the page with the specified class. Multiple instances\n of the same class can appear on a page.\n </td>\n <td>\n <code>.my-class</code><br>selects\n <code><p class=\"my-class\"></code> and\n <code><a class=\"my-class\"></code>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Attribute selector</td>\n <td>The element(s) on the page with the specified attribute.</td>\n <td>\n <code>img[src]</code><br>selects\n <code><img src=\"my-image.png\"></code> but not\n <code><img></code>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td>Pseudo-class selector</td>\n <td>\n The specified element(s), but only when in the specified state. (For\n example, when a cursor hovers over a link.)\n </td>\n <td>\n <code>a:hover</code><br>selects <code><a></code>, but only when\n the mouse pointer is hovering over the link.\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n</table></figure>\n<p>There are many more selectors to discover. To learn more, see our selectors tutorials, starting with <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors\">Basic selectors</a>.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"fonts_and_text","title":"Fonts and text","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Now that we've explored some CSS fundamentals, let's improve the appearance of the example by adding more rules and information to the <code>style.css</code> file.</p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>First, find the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like#font\">output from Google Fonts</a> that you previously saved from <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like\">What will your website look like?</a>. Add the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/link\"><code><link></code></a> element somewhere inside your <code>index.html</code>'s head (anywhere between the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/head\"><code><head></code></a> and <code></head></code> tags). It looks something like this:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html notranslate\"><code><link\n href=\"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans\"\n rel=\"stylesheet\" />\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>This code links your page to a style sheet that loads the Open Sans font family with your webpage.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Next, delete the existing rule you have in your <code>style.css</code> file. It was a good test, but let's not continue with lots of red text.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Add the following lines (shown below), replacing the <code>font-family</code> assignment with your <code>font-family</code> selection from <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like#font\">What will your website look like?</a>. The property <code>font-family</code> refers to the font(s) you want to use for text. This rule defines a global base font and font size for the whole page. Since <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/html\"><code><html></code></a> is the parent element of the whole page, all elements inside it inherit the same <code>font-size</code> and <code>font-family</code>.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>html {\n font-size: 10px; /* px means \"pixels\": the base font size is now 10 pixels high */\n font-family:\n \"Open Sans\", sans-serif; /* this should be the rest of the output you got from Google Fonts */\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"notecard note\">\n<p><strong>Note:</strong>\nAnything in CSS between <code>/*</code> and <code>*/</code> is a <strong>CSS comment</strong>. The browser ignores comments as it renders the code. CSS comments are a way for you to write helpful notes about your code or logic.</p>\n</div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Now let's set font sizes for elements that will have text inside the HTML body (<a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/Heading_Elements\"><h1></a>, <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/li\"><code><li></code></a>, and <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/p\"><code><p></code></a>). We'll also center the heading. Finally, let's expand the second ruleset (below) with settings for line height and letter spacing to make body content more readable.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>h1 {\n font-size: 60px;\n text-align: center;\n}\n\np,\nli {\n font-size: 16px;\n line-height: 2;\n letter-spacing: 1px;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Adjust the <code>px</code> values as you like. Your work-in-progress should look similar to this:</p>\n<p><img src=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/website-screenshot-font-small.png\" alt=\"A Mozilla logo and some paragraphs. A sans-serif font has been set, the font sizes, line height and letter spacing are adjusted, and the main page heading has been centered\" width=\"921\" height=\"1020\" loading=\"lazy\"></p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"css_all_about_boxes","title":"CSS: all about boxes","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Something you'll notice about CSS as you use it more: a lot of it is about boxes. This includes setting size, color, and position. Most HTML elements on your page can be thought of as boxes sitting on top of other boxes.</p>\n<p><img src=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/boxes.jpg\" alt=\"A big stack of boxes or crates sat on top of one another\" width=\"640\" height=\"463\" loading=\"lazy\"></p>\n<p>Photo from <a href=\"https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/3418115\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/3418115</a> Copyright © <a href=\"https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/26362\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">Jim Barton</a> <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">cc-by-sa/2.0</a></p>\n<p>CSS layout is mostly based on the <em>box model.</em> Each box taking up space on your page has properties like:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>padding</code>, the space around the content. In the example below, it is the space around the paragraph text.</li>\n<li><code>border</code>, the solid line that is just outside the padding.</li>\n<li><code>margin</code>, the space around the outside of the border.</li>\n</ul>\n<p><img src=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/box-model.png\" alt=\"Three boxes sat inside one another. From outside to in they are labelled margin, border and padding\" width=\"574\" height=\"450\" loading=\"lazy\"></p>\n<p>In this section we also use:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>width</code> (of an element).</li>\n<li><code>background-color</code>, the color behind an element's content and padding.</li>\n<li><code>color</code>, the color of an element's content (usually text).</li>\n<li><code>text-shadow</code> sets a drop shadow on the text inside an element.</li>\n<li><code>display</code> sets the display mode of an element. (keep reading to learn more)</li>\n</ul>\n<p>To continue, let's add more CSS. Keep adding these new rules at the bottom of <code>style.css</code>. Experiment with changing values to see what happens.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"changing_the_page_color","title":"Changing the page color","isH3":true,"content":"<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>html {\n background-color: #00539f;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>This rule sets a background color for the entire page. Change the color code to <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like#theme_color\">the color you chose in What will my website look like?</a>.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"styling_the_body","title":"Styling the body","isH3":true,"content":"<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>body {\n width: 600px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n background-color: #ff9500;\n padding: 0 20px 20px 20px;\n border: 5px solid black;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>The above code sets new values for several properties of the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/body\"><code><body></code></a> element. Let's go through these line-by-line:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>width: 600px;</code> This forces the body to always be 600 pixels wide.</li>\n<li><code>margin: 0 auto;</code> When you set two values on a property like <code>margin</code> or <code>padding</code>, the first value affects the element's top <em>and</em> bottom side (setting it to <code>0</code> in this case); the second value affects the left <em>and</em> right side. (Here, <code>auto</code> is a special value that divides the available horizontal space evenly between left and right). You can also use one, two, three, or four values, as documented in <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin#syntax\">Margin Syntax</a>.</li>\n<li><code>background-color: #FF9500;</code> This sets the element's background color. This project uses a reddish orange for the body background color, as opposed to dark blue for the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/html\"><code><html></code></a> element. (Feel free to experiment.)</li>\n<li><code>padding: 0 20px 20px 20px;</code> This sets four values for padding. The goal is to put some space around the content. In this example, there is no padding on the top of the body, and 20 pixels on the right, bottom and left. The values set top, right, bottom, left, in that order. As with <code>margin</code>, you can use one, two, three, or four values, as documented in <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding#syntax\">Padding Syntax</a>.</li>\n<li><code>border: 5px solid black;</code> This sets values for the width, style and color of the border. In this case, it's a five-pixel–wide, solid black border, on all sides of the body.</li>\n</ul>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"positioning_and_styling_the_main_page_title","title":"Positioning and styling the main page title","isH3":true,"content":"<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>h1 {\n margin: 0;\n padding: 20px 0;\n color: #00539f;\n text-shadow: 3px 3px 1px black;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>You may have noticed there's a horrible gap at the top of the body. That happens because browsers apply default styling to the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/Heading_Elements\">h1</a> element (among others). That might seem like a bad idea, but the intent is to provide basic readability for unstyled pages. To eliminate the gap, we overwrite the browser's default styling with the setting <code>margin: 0;</code>.</p>\n<p>Next, we set the heading's top and bottom padding to 20 pixels.</p>\n<p>Following that, we set the heading text to be the same color as the HTML background color.</p>\n<p>Finally, <code>text-shadow</code> applies a shadow to the text content of the element. Its four values are:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>The first pixel value sets the <strong>horizontal offset</strong> of the shadow from the text: how far it moves across.</li>\n<li>The second pixel value sets the <strong>vertical offset</strong> of the shadow from the text: how far it moves down.</li>\n<li>The third pixel value sets the <strong>blur radius</strong> of the shadow. A larger value produces a more fuzzy-looking shadow.</li>\n<li>The fourth value sets the base color of the shadow.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Try experimenting with different values to see how it changes the appearance.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"centering_the_image","title":"Centering the image","isH3":true,"content":"<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>img {\n display: block;\n margin: 0 auto;\n max-width: 100%;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Next, we center the image to make it look better. We could use the same <code>margin: 0 auto</code> trick as we did for the body. But there are differences that require an additional setting to make the CSS work.</p>\n<p>The <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/body\"><code><body></code></a> is a <strong>block</strong> element, meaning it takes up space on the page. The margin applied to a block element will be respected by other elements on the page. In contrast, images are <strong>inline</strong> elements; for the auto margin trick to work on this image, we must give it block-level behavior using <code>display: block;</code>.</p>\n<p>Finally, we include <code>max-width: 100%;</code> to make sure that, if the image is larger than the <code>width</code> set on the body (600 pixels), it will be displayed at this width, and no bigger.</p>\n<div class=\"notecard note\">\n<p><strong>Note:</strong>\nDon't be too concerned if you don't completely understand <code>display: block;</code> and the differences between a block element and an inline element, or <code>max-width: 100%;</code>. They will make more sense as you continue your study of CSS. You can find more information about these properties on MDN's <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display\"><code>display</code></a> and <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-width\"><code>max-width</code></a> reference pages.</p>\n</div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"conclusion","title":"Conclusion","isH3":false,"content":"<p>If you followed all the instructions in this article, you should have a page that looks similar to this one:</p>\n<p><img src=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content/website-screenshot-final.png\" alt=\"A Mozilla logo, centered, and a header and paragraphs. It now looks nicely styled, with a blue background for the whole page and orange background for the centered main content strip.\" width=\"940\" height=\"1084\" loading=\"lazy\"></p>\n<p>(You can <a href=\"https://mdn.github.io/beginner-html-site-styled/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">view our version here</a>.) If you get stuck, you can always compare your work with our <a href=\"https://github.com/mdn/beginner-html-site-styled/blob/gh-pages/styles/style.css\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">finished example code on GitHub</a>.</p>\n<p>In this article, we have just scratched the surface of CSS. Our <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core\">Core modules</a>, starting with the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics\">CSS styling basics module</a>, will cover it in a lot more detail.</p>\n<ul class=\"prev-next\"><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Previous </span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Overview: Your first website</span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Next </span></a></li></ul>"}}],"isActive":true,"isMarkdown":true,"isTranslated":false,"locale":"en-US","mdn_url":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content","modified":"2025-02-10T16:56:05.000Z","native":"English (US)","noIndexing":false,"other_translations":[{"locale":"de","title":"CSS: Gestaltung des Inhalts","native":"Deutsch"},{"locale":"es","title":"CSS básico","native":"Español"},{"locale":"fr","title":"Les bases des CSS","native":"Français"},{"locale":"ja","title":"CSS: コンテンツのスタイル設定","native":"日本語"},{"locale":"ko","title":"CSS 기초","native":"한국어"},{"locale":"pt-BR","title":"CSS básico","native":"Português (do Brasil)"},{"locale":"ru","title":"Основы CSS","native":"Русский"},{"locale":"zh-CN","title":"CSS 基础","native":"中文 (简体)"},{"locale":"zh-TW","title":"CSS 基本","native":"正體中文 (繁體)"}],"pageTitle":"CSS: Styling the content - Learn web development | MDN","parents":[{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development","title":"Learn"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started","title":"Getting started modules"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website","title":"Your first website"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content","title":"CSS: Styling the content"}],"popularity":null,"short_title":"CSS: Styling the content","sidebarHTML":"<ol><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started\">Getting started modules</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup\">Environment setup</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software\">Installing basic software</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web\">Browsing the web</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors\">Code editors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files\">Dealing with files</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line\">Command line crash course</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website\">Your first website</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like\">What will your website look like?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content\">HTML: Creating the content</a></li><li><em><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content\" aria-current=\"page\">CSS: Styling the content</a></em></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity\">JavaScript: Adding interactivity</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website\">Publishing your website</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards\">Web standards</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works\">How the web works</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model\">The web standards model</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites\">How browsers load websites</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills\">Soft skills</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning\">Research and learning</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork\">Collaboration and teamwork</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes\">Workflows and processes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Job_interviews\">Succeeding in job interviews</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core\">Core modules</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content\">Structuring content with HTML</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax\">Basic HTML syntax</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata\">What's in the head? Webpage metadata</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs\">Headings and paragraphs in HTML</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance\">Emphasis and importance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists\">Lists</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents\">Structuring documents</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features\">Advanced text features</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links\">Creating links</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter\">Challenge: Marking up a letter</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content\">Challenge: Structuring a page of content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_images\">HTML images</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_video_and_audio\">HTML video and audio</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Mozilla_splash_page\">Challenge: Mozilla splash page</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_table_basics\">HTML table basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Table_accessibility\">HTML table accessibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Planet_data_table\">Challenge: Structuring a planet data table</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_forms\">Forms and buttons in HTML</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Debugging_HTML\">Debugging HTML</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics\">CSS styling basics</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS\">What is CSS?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Getting_started\">Getting started with CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Styling_a_bio_page\">Challenge: Styling a biography page</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors\">Basic CSS selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Attribute_selectors\">Attribute selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements\">Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators\">Combinators</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model\">The box model</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Handling_conflicts\">Handling conflicts</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units\">CSS values and units</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Sizing\">Sizing items in CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Backgrounds_and_borders\">Backgrounds and borders</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Overflow\">Overflowing content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Images_media_forms\">Images, media, and form elements</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Tables\">Styling tables</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Debugging_CSS\">Debugging CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension\">Challenge: Fundamental CSS comprehension</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fancy_letterheaded_paper\">Challenge: Creating fancy letterheaded paper</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Cool-looking_box\">Challenge: A cool-looking box</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling\">CSS text styling</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals\">Fundamental text and font styling</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists\">Styling lists</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links\">Styling links</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts\">Web fonts</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage\">Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout\">CSS layout</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction\">Introduction to CSS layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats\">Floats</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning\">Positioning</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Flexbox\">Flexbox</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Grids\">CSS grid layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design\">Responsive design</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Media_queries\">Media query fundamentals</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension\">Challenge: Fundamental layout comprehension</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting\">Dynamic scripting with JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_is_JavaScript\">What is JavaScript?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/A_first_splash\">A first splash into JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_went_wrong\">What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Variables\">Storing the information you need — Variables</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Math\">Basic math in JavaScript — numbers and operators</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Strings\">Handling text — strings in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Useful_string_methods\">Useful string methods</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Arrays\">Arrays</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Silly_story_generator\">Challenge: Silly story generator</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Conditionals\">Making decisions in your code — conditionals</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Loops\">Looping code</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Functions\">Functions — reusable blocks of code</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Build_your_own_function\">Build your own function</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Return_values\">Function return values</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Events\">Introduction to events</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Event_bubbling\">Event bubbling</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Image_gallery\">Challenge: Image gallery</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Object_basics\">JavaScript object basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/DOM_scripting\">DOM scripting introduction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Network_requests\">Making network requests with JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/JSON\">Working with JSON</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Debugging_JavaScript\">Debugging JavaScript and handling errors</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries\">JavaScript frameworks and libraries</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Introduction\">Introduction to client-side frameworks</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Main_features\">Framework main features</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_getting_started\">Getting started with React</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_todo_list_beginning\">Beginning our React todo list</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_components\">Componentizing our React app</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_events_state\">React interactivity: Events and state</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_filtering_conditional_rendering\">React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_accessibility\">Accessibility in React</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_resources\">React resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility\">Accessibility</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/What_is_accessibility\">What is accessibility?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Tooling\">Accessibility tooling and assistive technology</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/HTML\">HTML: A good basis for accessibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/CSS_and_JavaScript\">CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/WAI-ARIA_basics\">WAI-ARIA basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Multimedia\">Accessible multimedia</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Mobile\">Mobile accessibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Accessibility_troubleshooting\">Challenge: Accessibility troubleshooting</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Design_for_developers\">Design for developers</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control\">Version control</a></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions\">Extension modules</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects\">Advanced JavaScript objects</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes\">Object prototypes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming\">Object-oriented programming</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript\">Classes in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice\">Object building practice</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features\">Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs\">Client-side web APIs</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Introduction\">Introduction to web APIs</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Video_and_audio_APIs\">Video and Audio APIs</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Drawing_graphics\">Drawing graphics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Client-side_storage\">Client-side storage</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Third_party_APIs\">Third-party APIs</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS\">Asynchronous JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing\">Introducing asynchronous JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Promises\">How to use promises</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API\">How to implement a promise-based API</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing_workers\">Introducing workers</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Sequencing_animations\">Challenge: Sequencing animations</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms\">Web forms</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Your_first_form\">Your first form</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/How_to_structure_a_web_form\">How to structure a web form</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Basic_native_form_controls\">Basic native form controls</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/HTML5_input_types\">The HTML5 input types</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Other_form_controls\">Other form controls</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Styling_web_forms\">Styling web forms</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Advanced_form_styling\">Advanced form styling</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/UI_pseudo-classes\">UI pseudo-classes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Form_validation\">Client-side form validation</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data\">Sending form data</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools\">Understanding client-side tools</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Overview\">Client-side tooling overview</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Package_management\">Package management basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Introducing_complete_toolchain\">Introducing a complete toolchain</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Deployment\">Deploying our app</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side\">Server-side websites</a></summary><ol><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps\">Server-side first steps</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Introduction\">Introduction to the server side</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Client-Server_overview\">Client-Server Overview</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Web_frameworks\">Server-side web frameworks</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Website_security\">Website security</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django\">Django web framework (Python)</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Introduction\">Django introduction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/development_environment\">Setting up a Django development environment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Django Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/skeleton_website\">Django Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Models\">Django Tutorial Part 3: Using models</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Admin_site\">Django Tutorial Part 4: Django admin site</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Home_page\">Django Tutorial Part 5: Creating our home page</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Generic_views\">Django Tutorial Part 6: Generic list and detail views</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Sessions\">Django Tutorial Part 7: Sessions framework</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Authentication\">Django Tutorial Part 8: User authentication and permissions</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Forms\">Django Tutorial Part 9: Working with forms</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Testing\">Django Tutorial Part 10: Testing a Django web application</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Deployment\">Django Tutorial Part 11: Deploying Django to production</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/web_application_security\">Django web application security</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/django_assessment_blog\">Assessment: DIY Django mini blog</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs\">Express web framework (Node.js)</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Introduction\">Express/Node introduction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/development_environment\">Setting up a Node development environment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Express Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website\">Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/mongoose\">Express Tutorial Part 3: Using a Database (with Mongoose)</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/routes\">Express Tutorial Part 4: Routes and controllers</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Displaying_data\">Express Tutorial Part 5: Displaying library data</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/forms\">Express Tutorial Part 6: Working with forms</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/deployment\">Express Tutorial Part 7: Deploying to production</a></li></ol></details></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance\">Web performance</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/why_web_performance\">The \"why\" of web performance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/What_is_web_performance\">What is web performance?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Perceived_performance\">Perceived performance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Measuring_performance\">Measuring performance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Multimedia\">Multimedia: Images</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/video\">Multimedia: video</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/JavaScript\">JavaScript performance optimization</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/HTML\">HTML performance optimization</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/CSS\">CSS performance optimization</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/business_case_for_performance\">The business case for web performance</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing\">Testing</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Introduction\">Introduction to cross-browser testing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Testing_strategies\">Strategies for carrying out testing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/HTML_and_CSS\">Handling common HTML and CSS problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Feature_detection\">Implementing feature detection</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Automated_testing\">Introduction to automated testing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Your_own_automation_environment\">Setting up your own test automation environment</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Transform_animate\">Transform and animate CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Security_privacy\">Security and privacy</a></li><li class=\"section\">Further resources</li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto\">How to solve common problems</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_HTML_problems\">Solve common HTML problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_CSS_problems\">Solve common CSS problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_JavaScript_problems\">Solve common JavaScript problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Web_mechanics\">Web mechanics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Tools_and_setup\">Tools and setup</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Design_and_accessibility\">Design and accessibility</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/About\">About</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators\">Resources for educators</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Changelog\">Changelog</a></li></ol>","source":{"folder":"en-us/learn_web_development/getting_started/your_first_website/styling_the_content","github_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/getting_started/your_first_website/styling_the_content/index.md","last_commit_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/commit/b64538dc77e9a6181b882bd54bdbb307c1430ba8","filename":"index.md"},"summary":"CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is the code that styles web content. Styling the content walks through what you need to get started. We'll answer questions like: How do I make text red? How do I make content display at a certain location in the (webpage) layout? How do I decorate my webpage with background images and colors?","title":"CSS: Styling the content","toc":[{"text":"What is CSS?","id":"what_is_css"},{"text":"Anatomy of a CSS ruleset","id":"anatomy_of_a_css_ruleset"},{"text":"Fonts and text","id":"fonts_and_text"},{"text":"CSS: all about boxes","id":"css_all_about_boxes"},{"text":"Conclusion","id":"conclusion"}],"pageType":"tutorial-chapter"}}</script></body></html>