YOLO-CIANNA: Galaxy detection with deep learning in radio data: I. A new YOLO-inspired source detection method applied to the SKAO SDC1

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html class="no-js" lang="en">  <head> <title>YOLO-CIANNA: Galaxy detection with deep learning in radio data: I. A new YOLO-inspired source detection method applied to the SKAO SDC1 - ADS</title>  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//styles/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="manifest" href="//styles/favicon/site.webmanifest" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="//styles/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="ADS" /> <meta name="application-name" content="ADS" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />   <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NT2453N');</script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/css/styles.css"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <link rel="canonical" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024A&A...690A.211C/abstract"/> <meta name="description" content="Context. The upcoming Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will set a new standard regarding data volume generated by an astronomical instrument, which is likely to challenge widely adopted data-analysis tools that scale inadequately with the data size. Aims. The aim of this study is to develop a new source detection and characterization method for massive radio astronomical datasets based on modern deep-learning object detection techniques. For this, we seek to identify the specific strengths and weaknesses of this type of approach when applied to astronomical data. Methods. We introduce YOLO-CIANNA, a highly customized deep-learning object detector designed specifically for astronomical datasets. In this paper, we present the method and describe all the elements introduced to address the specific challenges of radio astronomical images. We then demonstrate the capabilities of this method by applying it to simulated 2D continuum images from the SKA observatory Science Data Challenge 1 (SDC1) dataset. Results. Using the SDC1 metric, we improve the challenge-winning score by +139% and the score of the only other post-challenge participation by +61%. Our catalog has a detection purity of 94% while detecting 40–60% more sources than previous top-score results, and exhibits strong characterization accuracy. The trained model can also be forced to reach 99% purity in post-process and still detect 10–30% more sources than the other top-score methods. It is also computationally efficient, with a peak prediction speed of 500 images of 512×512 pixels per second on a single GPU. Conclusions. YOLO-CIANNA achieves state-of-the-art detection and characterization results on the simulated SDC1 dataset and is expected to transfer well to observational data from SKA precursors.">  <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:title" content="YOLO-CIANNA: Galaxy detection with deep learning in radio data: I. A new YOLO-inspired source detection method applied to the SKAO SDC1"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="ADS"> <meta property="og:description" content="Context. The upcoming Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will set a new standard regarding data volume generated by an astronomical instrument, which is likely to challenge widely adopted data-analysis tools that scale inadequately with the data size. Aims. The aim of this study is to develop a new source detection and characterization method for massive radio astronomical datasets based on modern deep-learning object detection techniques. For this, we seek to identify the specific strengths and weaknesses of this type of approach when applied to astronomical data. Methods. We introduce YOLO-CIANNA, a highly customized deep-learning object detector designed specifically for astronomical datasets. In this paper, we present the method and describe all the elements introduced to address the specific challenges of radio astronomical images. We then demonstrate the capabilities of this method by applying it to simulated 2D continuum images from the SKA observatory Science Data Challenge 1 (SDC1) dataset. Results. Using the SDC1 metric, we improve the challenge-winning score by +139% and the score of the only other post-challenge participation by +61%. Our catalog has a detection purity of 94% while detecting 40–60% more sources than previous top-score results, and exhibits strong characterization accuracy. The trained model can also be forced to reach 99% purity in post-process and still detect 10–30% more sources than the other top-score methods. It is also computationally efficient, with a peak prediction speed of 500 images of 512×512 pixels per second on a single GPU. Conclusions. YOLO-CIANNA achieves state-of-the-art detection and characterization results on the simulated SDC1 dataset and is expected to transfer well to observational data from SKA precursors."> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024A&A...690A.211C/abstract"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="10/2024"> <meta property="article:author" content="Cornu, D."> <meta property="article:author" content="Salomé, P."> <meta property="article:author" content="Semelin, B."> <meta property="article:author" content="Marchal, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Freundlich, J."> <meta property="article:author" content="Aicardi, S."> <meta property="article:author" content="Lu, X."> <meta property="article:author" content="Sainton, G."> <meta property="article:author" content="Mertens, F."> <meta property="article:author" content="Combes, F."> <meta property="article:author" content="Tasse, C.">  <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Astronomy and Astrophysics"> <meta name="citation_authors" content="Cornu, D.;Salomé, P.;Semelin, B.;Marchal, A.;Freundlich, J.;Aicardi, S.;Lu, X.;Sainton, G.;Mertens, F.;Combes, F.;Tasse, C."> <meta name="citation_title" content="YOLO-CIANNA: Galaxy detection with deep learning in radio data: I. A new YOLO-inspired source detection method applied to the SKAO SDC1"> <meta name="citation_date" content="10/2024"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="690"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="A211"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1051/0004-6361/202449548"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="0004-6361"> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="methods: data analysis"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="methods: numerical"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="methods: statistical"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="galaxies: statistics"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="radio continuum: galaxies"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies"> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024A&A...690A.211C/abstract"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="10/2024"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2024A&A...690A.211C/PUB_PDF"> <meta name="citation_arxiv_id" content="arXiv:2402.05925" /> <link title="schema(PRISM)" rel="schema.prism" href="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/" /> <meta name="prism.publicationDate" content="10/2024" /> <meta name="prism.publicationName" content="A&A" /> <meta name="prism.issn" content="0004-6361" /> <meta name="prism.volume" content="690" /> <meta name="prism.startingPage" content="A211" /> <link title="schema(DC)" rel="schema.dc" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449548" /> <meta name="dc.date" content="10/2024" /> <meta name="dc.source" content="A&A" /> <meta name="dc.title" content="YOLO-CIANNA: Galaxy detection with deep learning in radio data: I. A new YOLO-inspired source detection method applied to the SKAO SDC1" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Cornu, D."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Salomé, P."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Semelin, B."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Marchal, A."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Freundlich, J."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Aicardi, S."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Lu, X."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Sainton, G."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Mertens, F."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Combes, F."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tasse, C.">  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Context. The upcoming Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will set a new standard regarding data volume generated by an astronomical instrument, which is likely to challenge widely adopted data-analysis tools that scale inadequately with the data size. Aims. The aim of this study is to develop a new source detection and characterization method for massive radio astronomical datasets based on modern deep-learning object detection techniques. For this, we seek to identify the specific strengths and weaknesses of this type of approach when applied to astronomical data. Methods. We introduce YOLO-CIANNA, a highly customized deep-learning object detector designed specifically for astronomical datasets. In this paper, we present the method and describe all the elements introduced to address the specific challenges of radio astronomical images. We then demonstrate the capabilities of this method by applying it to simulated 2D continuum images from the SKA observatory Science Data Challenge 1 (SDC1) dataset. Results. Using the SDC1 metric, we improve the challenge-winning score by +139% and the score of the only other post-challenge participation by +61%. Our catalog has a detection purity of 94% while detecting 40–60% more sources than previous top-score results, and exhibits strong characterization accuracy. The trained model can also be forced to reach 99% purity in post-process and still detect 10–30% more sources than the other top-score methods. It is also computationally efficient, with a peak prediction speed of 500 images of 512×512 pixels per second on a single GPU. Conclusions. YOLO-CIANNA achieves state-of-the-art detection and characterization results on the simulated SDC1 dataset and is expected to transfer well to observational data from SKA precursors."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="YOLO-CIANNA: Galaxy detection with deep learning in radio data: I. 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A new YOLO-inspired source detection method applied to the SKAO SDC1 <a href=""></a> </h2> <div id="authors-and-aff" class="s-authors-and-aff"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Cornu%2C+D.%22">Cornu, D.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Salom%C3%A9%2C+P.%22">Salomé, P.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Semelin%2C+B.%22">Semelin, B.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Marchal%2C+A.%22">Marchal, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Freundlich%2C+J.%22">Freundlich, J.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Aicardi%2C+S.%22">Aicardi, S.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Lu%2C+X.%22">Lu, X.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Sainton%2C+G.%22">Sainton, G.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Mertens%2C+F.%22">Mertens, F.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Combes%2C+F.%22">Combes, F.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Tasse%2C+C.%22">Tasse, C.</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="s-abstract-text"> <h4 class="sr-only">Abstract</h4> <p> Context. The upcoming Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will set a new standard regarding data volume generated by an astronomical instrument, which is likely to challenge widely adopted data-analysis tools that scale inadequately with the data size. Aims. The aim of this study is to develop a new source detection and characterization method for massive radio astronomical datasets based on modern deep-learning object detection techniques. For this, we seek to identify the specific strengths and weaknesses of this type of approach when applied to astronomical data. Methods. We introduce YOLO-CIANNA, a highly customized deep-learning object detector designed specifically for astronomical datasets. In this paper, we present the method and describe all the elements introduced to address the specific challenges of radio astronomical images. We then demonstrate the capabilities of this method by applying it to simulated 2D continuum images from the SKA observatory Science Data Challenge 1 (SDC1) dataset. Results. Using the SDC1 metric, we improve the challenge-winning score by +139% and the score of the only other post-challenge participation by +61%. Our catalog has a detection purity of 94% while detecting 40–60% more sources than previous top-score results, and exhibits strong characterization accuracy. The trained model can also be forced to reach 99% purity in post-process and still detect 10–30% more sources than the other top-score methods. It is also computationally efficient, with a peak prediction speed of 500 images of 512×512 pixels per second on a single GPU. Conclusions. YOLO-CIANNA achieves state-of-the-art detection and characterization results on the simulated SDC1 dataset and is expected to transfer well to observational data from SKA precursors. </p> </div> <br> <dl class="s-abstract-dl-horizontal"> <dt>Publication:</dt> <dd> <div id="article-publication">Astronomy and Astrophysics</div> </dd> <dt>Pub Date:</dt> <dd>October 2024</dd> <dt>DOI:</dt> <dd> <p class="doi-p"> <a href="/link_gateway/2024A&A...690A.211C/doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449548" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1051/0004-6361/202449548</a> <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i> </p> <p class="doi-p"> <a href="/link_gateway/2024A&A...690A.211C/doi:10.48550/arXiv.2402.05925" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.48550/arXiv.2402.05925</a> <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i> </p> </dd> <dt>arXiv:</dt> <dd> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2024A&A...690A.211C/arXiv:2402.05925" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">arXiv:2402.05925</a> <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i> </span> </dd> <dt>Bibcode:</dt> <dd> <a href="/abs/2024A%26A...690A.211C/abstract"> 2024A&A...690A.211C </a> <i class="icon-help" title="The bibcode is assigned by the ADS as a unique identifier for the paper."></i> </dd> <dt>Keywords:</dt> <dd> <ul class="list-inline"> <li>methods: data analysis;</li> <li>methods: numerical;</li> <li>methods: statistical;</li> <li>galaxies: statistics;</li> <li>radio continuum: galaxies;</li> <li>Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics;</li> <li>Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies</li> </ul> </dd> <dt>E-Print:</dt> <dd> 42 pages. 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YOLO-CIANNA: Galaxy detection with deep learning in radio data: I. A new YOLO-inspired source detection method applied to the SKAO SDC1 - ADS