Europe - Atlas & cartes - Encyclopædia Universalis

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dropdown"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-warning dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> Accès rapide </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end"> <li> <a class="dropdown-item anchor" href="#atlas-cartes">Cartes</a> </li> <li> <a class="dropdown-item anchor" href="#atlas-events">Événements</a> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <section id="atlas-cartes" class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-3 atlas-tile"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="AT021402" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy media-atlas" title="Média : carte générale" href="/media/europe-carte-generale-at021402/"> <img id="AT021402" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/4/f/csm_at021402_495b646132.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="carte générale - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="Carte générale de l'Europe." data-copyright="Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="2000" height="1809" /> </a> <figcaption class="figure-caption"> <p class="m-0 mt-1 fw-bold text-gray-700 text-truncate"> carte générale </p> <p class="m-0 copyright text-sm text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Encyclopædia Universalis France </p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-3 atlas-tile"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="AT021403" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy media-atlas" title="Média : carte administrative" href="/media/europe-carte-politique-at021403/"> <img id="AT021403" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/2/d/csm_at021403_d9c67e621a.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="carte administrative - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="Carte politique de l'Europe." data-copyright="Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="2000" height="1809" /> </a> <figcaption class="figure-caption"> <p class="m-0 mt-1 fw-bold text-gray-700 text-truncate"> carte administrative </p> <p class="m-0 copyright text-sm text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Encyclopædia Universalis France </p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-3 atlas-tile"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="AT021404" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy media-atlas" title="Média : carte physique" href="/media/europe-carte-physique-at021404/"> <img id="AT021404" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/6/a/csm_at021404_4632f91249.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="carte physique - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="Carte physique de l'Europe." data-copyright="Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="2000" height="1809" /> </a> <figcaption class="figure-caption"> <p class="m-0 mt-1 fw-bold text-gray-700 text-truncate"> carte physique </p> <p class="m-0 copyright text-sm text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Encyclopædia Universalis France </p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </section> <section class="my-5 d-lg-none"> <h2 class="minor">Zones géographiques</h2> <nav class="list-group geography-list-group"> <a class="list-group-item" title="Albanie" href="/atlas/europe/albanie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Albanie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Allemagne" href="/atlas/europe/allemagne/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Allemagne </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Andorre" href="/atlas/europe/andorre/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Andorre </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Anglo-Normandes (îles)" href="/atlas/europe/anglo-normandes-iles-royaume-uni/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Anglo-Normandes (îles) </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Autriche" href="/atlas/europe/autriche/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Autriche </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Belgique" href="/atlas/europe/belgique/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Belgique </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Biélorussie" href="/atlas/europe/bielorussie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Biélorussie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Bosnie-Herzégovine" href="/atlas/europe/bosnie-herzegovine/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Bosnie-Herzégovine </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Bulgarie" href="/atlas/europe/bulgarie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Bulgarie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Chypre" href="/atlas/europe/chypre/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Chypre </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Croatie" href="/atlas/europe/croatie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Croatie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Danemark" href="/atlas/europe/danemark/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Danemark </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Espagne" href="/atlas/europe/espagne/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Espagne </a> 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title="Royaume-Uni" href="/atlas/europe/royaume-uni/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Royaume-Uni </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Russie" href="/atlas/europe/russie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Russie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Saint-Marin" href="/atlas/europe/saint-marin/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Saint-Marin </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Serbie" href="/atlas/europe/serbie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Serbie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Slovaquie" href="/atlas/europe/slovaquie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Slovaquie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Slovénie" href="/atlas/europe/slovenie/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Slovénie </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Suède" href="/atlas/europe/suede/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Suède </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Suisse" href="/atlas/europe/suisse/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Suisse </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Ukraine" href="/atlas/europe/ukraine/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Ukraine </a> <a class="list-group-item" title="Vatican" href="/atlas/europe/vatican/"> <i class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Vatican </a> </nav> </section> <div id="ad_mpuslot" class="pub-container text-center"> <div class="pub-placeholder"></div> </div> <section id="atlas-events" class="my-5"> <i id="events" class="anchor"></i> <h2 class="minor"> Les derniers événements </h2> <ul class="list-group mb-3"> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Vaste opération contre la mafia calabraise" href="/evenement/3-mai-2023-italie-europe-vaste-operation-contre-la-mafia-calabraise/"> <strong> 3 mai 2023 </strong> Italie - Europe. Vaste opération contre la mafia calabraise </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>La mafia calabraise, la ‘Ndrangheta, est visée par une vaste opération à laquelle prennent part les agences européennes Europol et Eurojust, ainsi que les autorités de huit pays européens – Belgique, France, Allemagne, Italie, Espagne, Portugal, Roumanie, Slovénie –, du Brésil et du Panamá. Près de deux...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Réunion de la Communauté politique européenne" href="/evenement/6-octobre-2022-reunion-de-la-communaute-politique-europeenne/"> <strong> 6 octobre 2022 </strong> Europe. Réunion de la Communauté politique européenne </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Les chefs d’État et de gouvernement de quarante-trois pays européens, qui représentent l’ensemble du continent à l’exception de la Russie et de la Biélorussie, participent à Prague à la première réunion de la Communauté politique européenne (CPE) aux côtés du président du Conseil européen Charles Michel...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Mort de cent trente migrants au large de la Libye" href="/evenement/21-25-avril-2021-mort-de-cent-trente-migrants-au-large-de-la-libye/"> <strong> 21-25 avril 2021 </strong> Afrique - Europe. Mort de cent trente migrants au large de la Libye </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Le 21, avertie de la présence d’un bateau de migrants au large des côtes libyennes, l’ONG Alarm Phone, qui recueille les appels provenant d’embarcations en détresse, tente en vain d’obtenir l’aide des garde-côtes libyens et du centre de coordination des recherches en mer de Rome. </p><p>Le 22,...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Suppression de postes chez Airbus" href="/evenement/30-juin-2020-suppression-de-postes-chez-airbus/"> <strong> 30 juin 2020 </strong> Europe. Suppression de postes chez Airbus </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>L’avionneur Airbus annonce la suppression de quinze mille emplois d’ici l’été 2021, principalement au sein de la branche aviation commerciale, en raison de la réduction d’activité liée à la Covid-19. En avril, son concurrent américain Boeing avait annoncé la suppression de seize mille postes....</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Reprise des opérations de sauvetage en Méditerranée" href="/evenement/8-22-juin-2020-reprise-des-operations-de-sauvetage-en-mediterranee/"> <strong> 8-22 juin 2020 </strong> Afrique - Europe. Reprise des opérations de sauvetage en Méditerranée </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Le 8, le navire humanitaire <em>Sea</em><em>-</em><em>Watch 3</em> de l’ONG allemande Sea-Watch reprend la mer après trois mois d’immobilisation. Les deux derniers bateaux qui avaient poursuivi leur mission durant cette période ont été immobilisés début mai par les garde-côtes italiens pour des raisons « techniques »....</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Condamnation de la France par la CEDH pour surpopulation carcérale" href="/evenement/30-janvier-2020-condamnation-de-la-france-par-la-cedh-pour-surpopulation-carcerale/"> <strong> 30 janvier 2020 </strong> Europe - France. Condamnation de la France par la CEDH pour surpopulation carcérale </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Regroupant les cas de trente-deux plaignants détenus dans des prisons françaises, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) condamne le gouvernement pour violation des articles de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme interdisant la soumission à des « traitements inhumains ou dégradants »...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Annonce par Airbus d’un accord pour clore des enquêtes pour corruption" href="/evenement/28-janvier-2020-annonce-par-airbus-d-un-accord-pour-clore-des-enquetes-pour-corruption/"> <strong> 28 janvier 2020 </strong> Europe. Annonce par Airbus d’un accord pour clore des enquêtes pour corruption </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>L’avionneur européen Airbus annonce la conclusion d’un accord de principe avec les autorités judiciaires françaises, britanniques et américaines qui menaient contre lui des enquêtes sur des faits de corruption. Il évite ainsi l’engagement de poursuites pénales et d’éventuelles condamnations. En 2014,...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Alliance entre les maires de Varsovie, Budapest, Prague et Bratislava" href="/evenement/16-decembre-2019-alliance-entre-les-maires-de-varsovie-budapest-prague-et-bratislava/"> <strong> 16 décembre 2019 </strong> Europe. Alliance entre les maires de Varsovie, Budapest, Prague et Bratislava </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Les maires proeuropéens de Varsovie, Budapest, Prague et Bratislava, réunis dans la capitale hongroise, scellent une « alliance des villes libres » contre les dérives des gouvernements des quatre pays du « groupe de Visegrad ». Ils s’engagent notamment « à protéger et à promouvoir les valeurs communes...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Conclusion d’un accord de libre-échange" href="/evenement/23-aout-2019-europe-amerique-du-sud-conclusion-d-un-accord-de-libre-echange/"> <strong> 23 août 2019 </strong> Europe - Amérique du Sud. Conclusion d’un accord de libre-échange </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Les États membres de l’Association européenne de libre-échange (AELE) – Suisse, Norvège, Islande et Liechtenstein – annoncent la conclusion d’un accord de libre-échange avec le Mercosur, le marché commun sud-américain qui regroupe l’Argentine, le Brésil, le Paraguay et l’Uruguay. En juin, le Mercosur...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1 p-0"> <a title="Événement : Reprise des opérations de sauvetage par MSF et SOS Méditerranée" href="/evenement/1er-25-juillet-2019-reprise-des-operations-de-sauvetage-par-msf-et-sos-mediterranee/"> <strong> 1<sup>er</sup>-25 juillet 2019 </strong> Afrique - Europe. Reprise des opérations de sauvetage par MSF et SOS Méditerranée </a> </h3> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Le 1<sup>er</sup>, un canot parti du port de Zouara, en Libye, avec plus de quatre-vingts personnes à son bord fait naufrage au large de la Tunisie. Quatre passagers seulement sont sauvés.</p><p>Le 21, alors que les membres de l’Union européenne échouent toujours à se mettre d’accord sur un mécanisme de prise en charge...</p> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="text-center"> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="/chronologie/europe/">Tous les événements « Europe » </a> </div> </section> <div class="mt-3"> <section class="article-quote d-print-none mb-1"> <i id="_QUOTES" class="anchor"></i> <div class="d-flex align-items-center mb-1"> <p class="m-0 title-minor d-print-none">Pour citer l'atlas</p> <div class="ms-auto mb-1 dropdown quote-menu d-print-none"> <button class="dropdown-toggle btn btn-sm btn-light" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false" style="text-transform: none"> <i class="fa fa-quote-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> Formats de citation <span class="caret"></span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end"> <li class="dropdown-item quote-item active"><a href="#quote-afnor" data-action="quote-pick">AFNOR </a></li> <li class="dropdown-item quote-item"><a href="#quote-apa" data-action="quote-pick">APA <small>(7<sup>ème</sup> version)</small></a></li> <li class="dropdown-item quote-item"><a href="#quote-chicago" data-action="quote-pick">Chicago Style</a></li> <li class="dropdown-item quote-item"><a href="#quote-mla" data-action="quote-pick">MLA </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="quote-afnor" class="quote-type alert alert-info mb-1"> <p class="m-0"> Encyclopædia Universalis. Europe - Atlas & cartes [en ligne]. In <em>Encyclopædia Universalis</em>. Disponible sur : <span class="eu-url"></span> (consulté le <span class="eu-date"></span>) </p> </div> <div id="quote-apa" class="quote-type alert alert-info mb-1" style="display: none"> <p class="m-0"> Encyclopædia Universalis. Europe - Atlas & cartes. <em>Encyclopædia Universalis</em>. <span class="eu-url"></span> (consulté le <span class="eu-date"></span>) </p> </div> <div id="quote-chicago" class="quote-type alert alert-info mb-1" style="display: none"> <p class="m-0"> Encyclopædia Universalis. « Europe - Atlas & cartes ». <em> Encyclopædia Universalis</em>. Consulté le <span class="eu-date"></span>. <span class="eu-url"></span> </p> </div> <div id="quote-mla" class="quote-type alert alert-info mb-1" style="display: none"> <p class="m-0"> Encyclopædia Universalis. « Europe - Atlas & cartes ». <em>Encyclopædia Universalis</em> [en ligne], <span class="eu-url"></span> (consulté le <span class="eu-date"></span>) </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4 col-xl-3 px-0 d-none d-lg-block side-bar position-relative"> <div class="mx-3 mb-3"> <label for="atlas-livesearch" class="form-label mb-1">Rechercher dans l'atlas :</label> <input type="text" id="atlas-livesearch" name="atlas-livesearch" /> <div class="position-relative"> <ul id="atlas-livesearch-results" class="list-group list-unstyled shadow-sm"></ul> </div> </div> <ul id="geography-navigation" class="mx-3"> <li class="active"> <a href="/atlas/"> <strong> <i class="fa fa-folder-open"></i> Monde</strong> </a> <ul> <li> <a href="/atlas/afrique/"> <i class="fa fa-folder"></i> 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