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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#背景"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>背景</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-背景-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-過程" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#過程"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>過程</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-過程-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-結果" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#結果"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>結果</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-結果-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>注釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">明太祖第二次北伐</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="这篇条目只存在于此语言中。添加其他语言的条目" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">添加语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11087778#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="添加跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">添加链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" lang="zh-Hant-TW" 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<nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a 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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b>明太祖第二次北伐</b>发生于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a>五年（1372年）正月至十一月，是明太祖<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋">朱元璋</a>又对<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%85%83" title="北元">北元</a>进行第二次征伐。此战结果，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="徐达">徐达</a>的主力中路军大败，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="李文忠 (明朝)">李文忠</a>的东路军得失相当，仅<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E8%83%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="冯胜">冯胜</a>的西路军获胜。第二次北征以失败告终。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="背景"><span id=".E8.83.8C.E6.99.AF"></span>背景</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：背景"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>儘管明太祖的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BE%81_(%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1)" class="mw-redirect" title="北征 (明太祖第二次)">第一次北征</a>已經将东北一方的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%98%AD%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="元昭宗">元昭宗</a>爱犹识理达腊和西北陕甘一方的<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%A9%E5%BB%93%E5%B8%96%E6%9C%A8%E5%84%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="扩廓帖木儿">扩廓帖木儿</a>趕到北元首都<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="和林">和林</a>以北地区，但北元兵力未受致命打擊，兩年內又開始南侵，騷擾明朝的北部各邊塞。明太祖本來傾向于依長城防守為主，但經徐達上奏後采納了徐達的主攻意见，于洪武五年正月二十二日出擊北元首都和林。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="過程"><span id=".E9.81.8E.E7.A8.8B"></span>過程</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：過程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>朱元璋的作战策略是分三路各5万人，以中路为正，东、西两路为奇，奇正并用，三路合击。中路以徐达为征虏大将军出<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%81%E9%97%A8%E5%85%B3" title="雁门关">雁门关</a>，說是急攻和林，但實際上卻缓慢进军，诱使北元軍南下作战以便歼灭；东路曹国公<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0" class="mw-disambig" title="李文忠">李文忠</a>为左副将军出居庸关，经<a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E6%98%8C%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="應昌府">应昌府</a>攻和林，讓北元出乎意料，并可在北元軍南下攻中路軍時包抄其后方；西路宋国公冯胜为右副将军出金兰<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>攻打<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83" class="mw-redirect" title="甘肃">甘肃</a>一帶，作為疑兵诱使北元军分散兵力。 </p><p>徐达的中路军于二月二十九日进入<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="山西">山西</a>境内，其先锋都督佥事<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%9D%E7%8E%89" class="mw-redirect" title="蓝玉">蓝玉</a>出雁门关在野马川（胪朐河，即今蒙古的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%B2%81%E4%BC%A6%E6%B2%B3" title="克鲁伦河">克鲁伦河</a>）擊敗扩廓帖木儿并一路追擊。三月二十日，蓝玉又于土剌河（即今<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3" title="土拉河">土拉河</a>，位于<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古">蒙古</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%B4%E6%89%98" title="乌兰巴托">乌兰巴托</a>西）再败扩廓帖木儿。但是這樣一來，明中路軍孤軍深入，沒有按照原作戰策略行事。五月初六，北元扩廓帖木儿和贺宗哲的联軍在岭北<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>擊敗徐达的中路軍主力，明軍死万余人，被迫南逃。七月十一日，偏将军<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A4%E5%92%8C" title="汤和">汤和</a>又在断头山（今宁夏<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E6%9C%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宁朔（页面不存在）">宁朔</a>东北约300里处）被北元軍擊敗，指挥同知章存道战死。中路軍的兩路均败。 </p><p>西路軍則比較順利，颍川侯<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E5%8F%8B%E5%BE%B7" title="傅友德">傅友德</a>的5000騎兵于西凉（今甘肃<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%A8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="武威">武威</a>）擊敗北元失剌罕，又在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%8C" class="mw-disambig" title="永昌">永昌</a>（今属甘肃）忽剌罕口再败北元太尉朵儿只巴。然后傅友德和冯胜的西路军主力部隊会师，于扫林山（今甘肃<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E6%B3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="酒泉">酒泉</a>北）大败北元軍，斩首400余级，俘虜北元太尉锁纳儿加、平章管著等人。六月初三日，北元将領上都驴以830余户投降西路軍。西路軍攻到亦集乃路（今内蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9D%E6%B5%8E%E7%BA%B3%E6%97%97" title="额济纳旗">额济纳旗</a>东南），北元守將伯颜帖木儿也举城投降。西路軍在别笃山口大敗北元岐王朵儿只班，俘虜北元平章长加奴等27人及牲畜十余万头。傅友德追擊到瓜州（今甘肃<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-disambig" title="安西">安西</a>）、沙州（今甘肃<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A6%E7%85%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="敦煌">敦煌</a>西北），再次大勝，俘獲岐王的金银大印和牲畜2万头，然后勝利班師。 </p><p>東路李文忠一軍于六月二十九日攻到口温（今内蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B9%B2%E8%AF%BA%E5%B0%94" class="mw-disambig" title="查干诺尔">查干诺尔</a>南），北元守軍闻讯逃走，留下很多牛马辎重被明軍俘獲。李文忠留部将韩政守辎重，率主力順著哈剌莽来（今蒙古<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%AA%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洪戈尔（页面不存在）">洪戈尔</a>）、胪朐河追擊元軍，在土剌河、阿鲁浑河（即今<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%91%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鄂尔浑河">鄂尔浑河</a>，位于蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%B4%E6%89%98" title="乌兰巴托">乌兰巴托</a>西北）一带与元将蛮子哈剌章激战多日。最終北元軍被擊敗逃走，被俘北元人马以萬計，但東路軍死傷也很多。李文忠繼續追擊，一直追到称海（今蒙古<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%85%8A%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B9%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈腊乌斯湖（页面不存在）">哈腊乌斯湖</a>南、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%85%8A%E6%B9%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈腊湖（页面不存在）">哈腊湖</a>西），各路北元軍又會聚起來回攻東路軍。李文忠見無法取勝，就決定退兵，一路以兵法故布疑陣全身而退，北元軍隊害怕明軍有埋伏，不敢追擊，双方脱离接触。東路軍雖有一定優勢，但沒有完全擊敗所遇元軍。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="結果"><span id=".E7.B5.90.E6.9E.9C"></span>結果</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：結果"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>第二次北征中的三路明軍，基本是各自為戰，沒能按照戰前制訂的策略配合，因此按所遇對手的強弱，命運各不相同。孤軍深入到達北元首都<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%92%8C%E6%9E%97" title="哈拉和林">哈拉和林</a>一帶的中路軍和東路軍都被北元拼死反擊而損失很大。 </p><p>在这次战斗中，李文忠部不仅攻入北元首都<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%92%8C%E6%9E%97" title="哈拉和林">哈拉和林</a>，<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>而且还攻入了<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古帝国">蒙古帝国</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%90%89%E6%80%9D%E6%B1%97" title="成吉思汗">成吉思汗</a>时期的首都<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%96%A1%E8%80%B3%E6%9C%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="大斡耳朵">大斡耳朵</a>曲雕阿兰，但是当时大斡耳朵已经荒废。另外李文忠到达的“朵颜”之地，是成吉思汗的葬地<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%84%BF%E7%BD%95%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="不儿罕山">不儿罕山</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注釋"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8B"></span>注釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：注釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">一般猜测是金县(今甘肃<a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%86%E4%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="榆中">榆中</a>)、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="兰州">兰州</a>這兩個相近甘肃地方的合称。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">元朝的岭北等处行中书省包括今内蒙古东部、北部、黑龙江一部、蒙古和俄罗斯中西伯利亚高原的南方很多地区，这里具体为何地史書上未記載，但很有可能在和林附近。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">明高岱《鸿猷录》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160414034847/http://www.confucianism.com.cn/html/lishi/8447626.html">“游走的都城”：蒙古帝国历代的政治中心灭亡记</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-02-15</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.confucianism.com.cn/html/lishi/8447626.html">原始内容</a>存档于2016-04-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90&rft.btitle=%E2%80%9C%E6%B8%B8%E8%B5%B0%E7%9A%84%E9%83%BD%E5%9F%8E%E2%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E4%BB%A3%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E7%81%AD%E4%BA%A1%E8%AE%B0&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.confucianism.com.cn%2Fhtml%2Flishi%2F8447626.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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title="周宣王攻玁狁之戰">尹吉甫北伐</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%B1%89" title="秦汉">秦汉</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC%E6%94%BB%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战">蒙恬北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%8C%88%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="漢匈戰爭">漢武帝北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%87%E6%86%B2%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" class="mw-redirect" title="竇憲北伐">竇憲北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E7%8B%BC%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="白狼山之战">曹操北伐烏桓</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD" title="三国">三国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8%E8%91%9B%E4%BA%AE%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="诸葛亮北伐">诸葛亮北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9C%E7%B6%AD%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="姜維北伐">姜維北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E8%82%A5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="合肥之戰">孫權北伐</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B" title="东晋">东晋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南北朝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E9%80%96" title="祖逖">祖逖北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%9A%E8%A3%92#致力北伐" title="褚裒">褚裒北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B7%E6%B5%A9%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" class="mw-redirect" title="殷浩北伐">殷浩北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E6%BA%AB%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="桓溫北伐">桓溫北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="刘裕北伐">刘裕北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%98%89%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="元嘉北伐">元嘉北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%9B%A3%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" class="mw-redirect" title="天監北伐">天監北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%85%B6%E4%B9%8B%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="陳慶之北伐">陳慶之北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%BB%BA%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="太建北伐">太建北伐</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E5%94%90" title="隋唐">隋唐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E8%88%87%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="隋與突厥之戰">隋文帝北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%BB%85%E6%9D%B1%E3%80%81%E8%A5%BF%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="唐滅東、西突厥之戰">唐太宗北伐</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="阴山之战">李靖北伐</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%BD" title="五代十国">五代</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E5%91%A8%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="後周世宗北伐">後周世宗北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%A2%81%E6%B2%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="高梁河之战">太平兴国北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%8D%E7%86%99%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="雍熙北伐">雍熙北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E5%92%8C%E4%BC%90%E8%BE%BD" title="宣和伐辽">宣和伐辽</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%B3%E9%A3%9B%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="岳飛北伐">岳飛北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%86%E5%85%B4%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="隆兴北伐">隆兴北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E7%A6%A7%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="開禧北伐">開禧北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%AF%E5%B9%B3%E5%85%A5%E6%B4%9B" title="端平入洛">端平入洛</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="徐达北伐">徐达北伐</a>—<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" class="mw-disambig" title="明太祖北伐">洪武北伐</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第一次北伐">一</a>、<a class="mw-selflink selflink">二</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第三次北伐">三</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第四次北伐">四</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第五次北伐">五</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第六次北伐">六</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第七次北伐">七</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第八次北伐">八</a>）— <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96%E8%BF%9C%E5%BE%81%E6%BC%A0%E5%8C%97%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="明成祖远征漠北之战">永樂北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%A0%A1%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98" title="土木堡之变">明英宗北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%81%93%E5%91%A8%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="黄道周北伐">黄道周北伐</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E6%88%90%E5%8A%9F%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="鄭成功北伐">鄭成功北伐</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%A4%A9%E5%9B%BD" title="太平天国">太平天国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%A4%A9%E5%9C%8B%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="太平天國北伐">太平軍北伐</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:12%;"><a 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