CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="https://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head><title>BBC - Wales History</title><style type="text/css"> #archive-mothballed-message a:hover span { text-decoration:underline; } #blq-container #archived-mothball-message a { padding-left:250px; padding-top:17px; background-position: 180px 10px; } #ttd-masthead #archived-mothball-message a { padding-left:250px; padding-top:17px; background-position: 180px 10px; } #k-masthead-container #archived-mothball-message a { padding-left:250px; padding-top:17px; background-position: 180px 10px; } #archived-mothball-message a { display:block; height:56px; background:url(/globalresources/mothball-images/i.gif) 100px 10px no-repeat; color:#666; text-decoration:none; padding-left:160px; padding-top:12px; font-size:20px; font-family: verdana,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-weight: normal; } </style><meta name="description" content="A guide to the history of Wales: blogging on historic figures, events, anniversaries, memories, museum exhibitions, castles, places to go and more."><meta name="keywords" content="bbc, wales, welsh, whales, welch, english, history of wales, cymru, history, historic, historical, blog, blogging, blogger, writer, writing, news, phil carradice, past master, hidden histories, coal house, look up your genes, snowdonia farmhouse, st david, saint david, nye bevan, owain glyndwr, world war 1, world war 2, ww1, ww2, wwi, wwii, world war one, world war two, first world war, second world war, lloyd george, pontcysyllte aqueduct, dr john davies, romans, tudors, dark ages, medieval wales, family history, investiture, migration, bbc wales archive, anniversary, anniversaries, legends, cardiff, newport, swansea, wrexham, north wales, south wales, mid wales, children"><meta name="DCTERMS.created" content="2009-01-27T12:00:00Z"><meta name="DCTERMS.modified" content="2012-01-23T12:38+0:00"><link rel="schema.dcterms" href="https://purl.org/dc/terms/"><link rel="index" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/a-z/" title="A to Z"><link rel="copyright" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/terms/" title="Terms of Use"><link rel="icon" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"><meta name="viewport" content="width = 974"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/staticarchive/c808749ad4d537416e40591def8e05c130d72722.css"><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(undefined){if(!window.bbc){window.bbc={}}var ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS=30;window.bbc.Mandolin=function(id,segments,opts){var now=new Date().getTime(),storedItem,DEFAULT_START=now,DEFAULT_RATE=1,COOKIE_NAME="ckpf_mandolin";opts=opts||{};this._id=id;this._segmentSet=segments;this._store=new window.window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage(COOKIE_NAME);this._opts=opts;this._rate=(opts.rate!==undefined)?+opts.rate:DEFAULT_RATE;this._startTs=(opts.start!==undefined)?new Date(opts.start).getTime():new Date(DEFAULT_START).getTime();this._endTs=(opts.end!==undefined)?new Date(opts.end).getTime():daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);this._signupEndTs=(opts.signupEnd!==undefined)?new Date(opts.signupEnd).getTime():this._endTs;this._segment=null;if(typeof id!=="string"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: id must be defined and be a string")}if(Object.prototype.toString.call(segments)!=="[object Array]"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Segments are required.")}if(opts.rate!==undefined&&(opts.rate<0||opts.rate>1)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Rate must be between 0 and 1.")}if(this._startTs>this._endTs){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: end date must occur after start date.")}if(!(this._startTs<this._signupEndTs&&this._signupEndTs<=this._endTs)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: SignupEnd must be between start and end date")}removeExpired.call(this,now);var overrides=window.bbccookies.get().match(/ckns_mandolin_setSegments=([^;]+)/);if(overrides!==null){eval("overrides = "+decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1)+";");if(overrides[this._id]&&this._segmentSet.indexOf(overrides[this._id])==-1){throw new Error("Invalid Override: overridden segment should exist in segments array")}}if(overrides!==null&&overrides[this._id]){this._segment=overrides[this._id]}else{if((storedItem=this._store.getItem(this._id))){this._segment=storedItem.segment}else{if(this._startTs<=now&&now<this._signupEndTs&&now<=this._endTs&&this._store.isEnabled()===true){this._segment=pick(segments,this._rate);if(opts.end===undefined){this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment})}else{this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment,end:this._endTs})}log.call(this,"mandolin_segment")}}}log.call(this,"mandolin_view")};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.getSegment=function(){return this._segment};function log(actionType,params){var that=this;require(["istats-1"],function(istats){istats.log(actionType,that._id+":"+that._segment,params?params:{})})}function removeExpired(expires){var items=this._store.getItems(),expiresInt=+expires;for(var key in items){if(items[key].end!==undefined&&+items[key].end<expiresInt){this._store.removeItem(key)}}}function getLastExpirationDate(data){var winner=0,rollingExpire=daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);for(var key in data){if(data[key].end===undefined&&rollingExpire>winner){winner=rollingExpire}else{if(+data[key].end>winner){winner=+data[key].end}}}return(winner)?new Date(winner):new Date(rollingExpire)}window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.log=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_log",params)};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.convert=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_convert",params);this.convert=function(){}};function daysFromNow(n){var endDate;endDate=new Date().getTime()+(n*60*60*24)*1000;return endDate}function pick(segments,rate){var picked,min=0,max=segments.length-1;if(typeof rate==="number"&&Math.random()>rate){return null}do{picked=Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1))+min}while(picked>max);return segments[picked]}window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage=function(name){validateCookieName(name);this._cookieName=name;this._isEnabled=(bbccookies.isAllowed(this._cookieName)===true&&bbccookies.cookiesEnabled()===true)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.setItem=function(key,value){var storeData=this.getItems();storeData[key]=value;this.save(storeData);return value};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._isEnabled};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();return storeData[key]};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.removeItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();delete storeData[key];this.save(storeData)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItems=function(){return deserialise(this.readCookie(this._cookieName)||"")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.save=function(data){window.bbccookies.set(this._cookieName+"="+encodeURIComponent(serialise(data))+"; expires="+getLastExpirationDate(data).toUTCString()+";")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.readCookie=function(name){var nameEq=name+"=",ca=window.bbccookies.get().split("; "),i,c;validateCookieName(name);for(i=0;i<ca.length;i++){c=ca[i];if(c.indexOf(nameEq)===0){return decodeURIComponent(c.substring(nameEq.length,c.length))}}return null};function serialise(o){var str="";for(var p in o){if(o.hasOwnProperty(p)){str+='"'+p+'"'+":"+(typeof o[p]==="object"?(o[p]===null?"null":"{"+serialise(o[p])+"}"):'"'+o[p].toString()+'"')+","}}return str.replace(/,\}/g,"}").replace(/,$/g,"")}function deserialise(str){var o;str="{"+str+"}";if(!validateSerialisation(str)){throw"Invalid input provided for deserialisation."}eval("o = "+str);return o}var validateSerialisation=(function(){var OBJECT_TOKEN="<Object>",ESCAPED_CHAR='"\\n\\r\\u2028\\u2029\\u000A\\u000D\\u005C',ALLOWED_CHAR="([^"+ESCAPED_CHAR+"]|\\\\["+ESCAPED_CHAR+"])",KEY='"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'+"',VALUE='(null|"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'*"|'+OBJECT_TOKEN+")",KEY_VALUE=KEY+":"+VALUE,KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE="("+KEY_VALUE+",)*"+KEY_VALUE,OBJECT_LITERAL="({}|{"+KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE+"})",objectPattern=new RegExp(OBJECT_LITERAL,"g");return function(str){if(str.indexOf(OBJECT_TOKEN)!==-1){return false}while(str.match(objectPattern)){str=str.replace(objectPattern,OBJECT_TOKEN)}return str===OBJECT_TOKEN}})();function validateCookieName(name){if(name.match(/ ,;/)){throw"Illegal name provided, must be valid in browser cookie."}}})(); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies_flag === 'undefined') { bbccookies_flag = 'ON'; } showCTA_flag = true; cta_enabled = (showCTA_flag && (bbccookies_flag === 'ON') ); (function(){var e="ckns_policy",m="Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT",k={ads:true,personalisation:true,performance:true,necessary:true};function f(p){if(f.cache[p]){return f.cache[p]}var o=p.split("/"),q=[""];do{q.unshift((o.join("/")||"/"));o.pop()}while(q[0]!=="/");f.cache[p]=q;return q}f.cache={};function a(p){if(a.cache[p]){return a.cache[p]}var q=p.split("."),o=[];while(q.length&&"|co.uk|com|".indexOf("|"+q.join(".")+"|")===-1){if(q.length){o.push(q.join("."))}q.shift()}f.cache[p]=o;return o}a.cache={};function i(o,t,p){var z=[""].concat(a(window.location.hostname)),w=f(window.location.pathname),y="",r,x;for(var s=0,v=z.length;s<v;s++){r=z[s];for(var q=0,u=w.length;q<u;q++){x=w[q];y=o+"="+t+";"+(r?"domain="+r+";":"")+(x?"path="+x+";":"")+(p?"expires="+p+";":"");bbccookies.set(y,true)}}}window.bbccookies={_setEverywhere:i,cookiesEnabled:function(){var o="ckns_testcookie"+Math.floor(Math.random()*100000);this.set(o+"=1");if(this.get().indexOf(o)>-1){g(o);return true}return false},set:function(o){return document.cookie=o},get:function(){return document.cookie},_setPolicy:function(o){return h.apply(this,arguments)},readPolicy:function(o){return b.apply(this,arguments)},_deletePolicy:function(){i(e,"",m)},isAllowed:function(){return true},_isConfirmed:function(){return c()!==null},_acceptsAll:function(){var o=b();return o&&!(j(o).indexOf("0")>-1)},_getCookieName:function(){return d.apply(this,arguments)},_showPrompt:function(){var o=(!this._isConfirmed()&&window.cta_enabled&&this.cookiesEnabled()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);return(window.orb&&window.orb.fig)?o&&(window.orb.fig("no")||window.orb.fig("ck")):o}};bbccookies._getPolicy=bbccookies.readPolicy;function d(p){var o=(""+p).match(/^([^=]+)(?==)/);return(o&&o.length?o[0]:"")}function j(o){return""+(o.ads?1:0)+(o.personalisation?1:0)+(o.performance?1:0)}function h(r){if(typeof r==="undefined"){r=k}if(typeof arguments[0]==="string"){var o=arguments[0],q=arguments[1];if(o==="necessary"){q=true}r=b();r[o]=q}else{if(typeof arguments[0]==="object"){r.necessary=true}}var p=new Date();p.setYear(p.getFullYear()+1);p=p.toUTCString();bbccookies.set(e+"="+j(r)+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+p+";");bbccookies.set(e+"="+j(r)+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+p+";");return r}function l(o){if(o===null){return null}var p=o.split("");return{ads:!!+p[0],personalisation:!!+p[1],performance:!!+p[2],necessary:true}}function c(){var o=new RegExp("(?:^|; ?)"+e+"=(\\d\\d\\d)($|;)"),p=document.cookie.match(o);if(!p){return null}return p[1]}function b(o){var p=l(c());if(!p){p=k}if(o){return p[o]}else{return p}}function g(o){return document.cookie=o+"=;expires="+m+";"}function n(){var o='<script type="text/javascript" src="https://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/bbccookies/0.6.6/script/bbccookies.js"><\/script>';if(window.bbccookies_flag==="ON"&&!bbccookies._acceptsAll()&&!window.bbccookies_disable){document.write(o)}}n()})(); /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript"> if (! window.gloader) { window.gloader = [ "glow", {map: "https://node1.bbcimg.co.uk/glow/glow/map.1.7.7.js"}]; } </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://node1.bbcimg.co.uk/glow/gloader.0.1.6.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/staticarchive/21f604032d29edfa0a166f89bd41c95004718ed2.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> bbcRequireMap = {"jquery-1":"/staticarchive/6cabfa9be6f12b6fec5ddf61c2dca1dde868555e", "jquery-1.4":"/staticarchive/cce0a0919c693f9473535d6941613bad16a4b40f", "jquery-1.9":"/staticarchive/14a082a42c1074b40bedae2666d3204e142899f5", "swfobject-2":"/staticarchive/b02e05aa3b12cfe8510390c7eccecd0af315b0a6", "demi-1":"/staticarchive/a916559c328a465dafcc30056734651ac8fdbb4b", "gelui-1":"/staticarchive/0159feca9179b145c659298e302b55dc76dfa15d", "cssp!gelui-1/overlay":"/staticarchive/fee6b4a3b22c51a59dd3ddebfb1b765049c683f6.css", "istats-1":"/staticarchive/b2d7be33eb67fa4b938cfa94238f8af9e929e4ae", "relay-1":"/staticarchive/ab39b61cf0980994246594bebe70fe460df87a42", "clock-1":"/staticarchive/7b8bb05c3fa19067c2c4c99144d21702cc15704f", "canvas-clock-1":"/staticarchive/703fd8b8a1b4ecf9cf624195bfb9691c648d3919", "cssp!clock-1":"/staticarchive/85ca997ae2f6bd2990765422dcc5b1c386c9d0cb.css", "jssignals-1":"/staticarchive/238f1d675d1626860f85815b7ab638cd41811a06", "jcarousel-1":"/staticarchive/3b38690b91f14468826c5f05f6e3da9beb55f4b1", "bump-3":"//emp.bbci.co.uk/emp/bump-3/bump-3.js", "gelui-1/widget": "/staticarchive/fcf01fd866ac629bad5a92592c208c3b04184cd3", "gelui-1/carousel": "/staticarchive/562f83c33cfe04062d95de8024ba03636cd0af4c", "gelui-1/core": "/staticarchive/d69cc93987af4e17f910996164dc15516614353e", "gelui-1/overlay": "/staticarchive/84bd061f5e14f0728caa8c933fe6d758b54fec5a", "gelui-1/autosuggest": "/staticarchive/ca81d8400ee443b0c31a47f1eea1c6872091dd48"}; require({ baseUrl: 'https://'+location.host+'/', 'dynamicServer': 'https://id.bbc.co.uk', 'secureServer': 'https://id.bbc.co.uk', 'assetVersion': '3.27.2', 'assetPath': 'https://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/identity/statusbar/3.27.2/' }; </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/staticarchive/1333b9944bd6388f9645c37cab1e3a1d9ac83b90.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/staticarchive/fbe86a6c073f48f146a72f3e858ac837debcd84a.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ define('id-statusbar-config', { 'translation_signedout': "Sign in", 'translation_signedin': "Your account", 'use_overlay' : false, 'signin_url' : "https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/id/signin", 'locale' : "en-GB", 'policyname' : "", 'ptrt' : "https://www.bbc.co.uk/" }); /* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript"> (function () { if (! window.require) { throw new Error('idcta: could not find require'); } var map = {}; map['idapp-1'] = 'https://static.bbci.co.uk/idapp/0.63.23/modules/idapp/idapp-1'; map['idcta/idcta-1'] = 'https://static.bbci.co.uk/id/0.23.4/modules/idcta/idcta-1'; require({paths: map}); define('id-config', {"idapp":{"version":"0.63.23","hostname":"ssl.bbc.co.uk","insecurehostname":"www.bbc.co.uk","tld":"bbc.co.uk"},"idtranslations":{"version":"0.29.1"},"identity":{"baseUrl":"https:\/\/talkback.live.bbc.co.uk\/identity"},"pathway":{"name":null,"staticAssetUrl":"http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/idapp\/0.63.23\/modules\/idapp\/idapp-1\/View.css"}}); })(); </script><link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/atom.xml"><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/rss.xml"><link rel="stylesheet" rev="stylesheet" href="/staticarchive/b171f6295dafa594e000486294caf5ef2e356648.css"><script src="/staticarchive/9fded8c38030f7e4fa43d9cc9c0033b2315234ef.js" type="text/javascript"></script><style type="text/css"> @import '/staticarchive/6e19cb98ed19c044c78020031b13199c99fa7633.css'; </style><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/guidance/script/js/pg-gb.js?r1112733"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/staticarchive/296b7e9b01b56142aec1bfa4760e2eb86073b802.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/staticarchive/880927e055ea2d75cc32254b7274b0e4a04822c2.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/staticarchive/3c2b27e8596edca82a396f84e4c6a991b49acc9e.css" type="text/css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/staticarchive/3f22e626d9c302da131c20df3cd9b6fe5bc59b92.css" type="text/css"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/dnaimages/components/commentbox/gloader/commentbox.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/glow/gloader.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> gloader.load( ["glow", "1", "glow.net"], { async: true, onLoad: function(glow) { if (window.dna) { glow.ready(function(){ dna.lang.register(glow); }) } if (typeof identity !== 'undefined') { glow.events.addListener(identity,'login',function(){ window.location.reload(); }); } } } ); </script><style type="text/css"> #dna_commentbox_holder{display: block;} #dna_commentbox_holder_error{display: none;} </style><link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/staticarchive/8db1272f67d2a84959a2f118e59c89632f24e33f.css" type="text/css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/staticarchive/2b7167fe844eaf06092aafd3c44b036199afe739.css" type="text/css"><script type="text/javascript" src="/staticarchive/83f5bedfaaaae12a1220a872db0629fb6b14a507.js"></script></head><body class="orange blogs wales-history"> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ bbcFlagpoles_istats = 'ON'; istatsTrackingUrl = '//sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=SET-COUNTER&app_type=web&ml_name=SSI&ml_version=0.23.0&language=en-GB'; /*]]>*/</script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://static.bbci.co.uk/archive_stats/modules/stats-1.0.0.js"></script> <div id="blq-container" class="blq-lang-en-GB blq-gvl-2-8 blq-id-identitystatusbar"> <div id="blq-pre-mast" lang="en-GB">  </div> <script type="text/html" id="blq-bbccookies-tmpl"><![CDATA[ <div id="bbccookies-prompt" class="bbccookies-d"> <h2> Cookies on the BBC website </h2> <p> We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.<span class="bbccookies-international-message"> We also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you.</span> If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, if you would like to, you can <a href="/privacy/cookies/managing/cookie-settings.html">change your cookie settings</a> at any time. </p> <ul> <li id="bbccookies-continue"> <button type="button" id="bbccookies-continue-button">Continue</button> </li> <li id="bbccookies-more"><a href="/privacy/cookies/bbc">Find out more</a></li></ul> </div> ]]></script><script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){if(bbccookies._showPrompt()){var i=document,b=i.getElementById("blq-pre-mast"),f=i.getElementById("blq-global"),h=i.getElementById("blq-container"),c=i.getElementById("blq-bbccookies-tmpl"),a,g,e;if(b&&i.createElement){a=i.createElement("div");a.id="bbccookies";e=c.innerHTML;e=e.replace("<"+"![CDATA[","").replace("]]"+">","");a.innerHTML=e;if(f){f.insertBefore(a,b)}else{h.insertBefore(a,b)}g=i.getElementById("bbccookies-continue-button");g.onclick=function(){a.parentNode.removeChild(a);return false};bbccookies._setPolicy()}}})(); /*]]>*/</script><span id="blq-mast-background"></span> <div id="blq-container-inner" lang="en-GB"> <div id="blq-acc" class="blq-rst"> <p id="blq-mast-home" class="blq-no-images"><a href="/" hreflang="en-GB"> <span id="blq-blocks-wrapper"> <span class="blq-home">British Broadcasting Corporation</span><img src="/staticarchive/2e00d1d53e9c3bd91993196aa19a1d88589969f0.png" alt="BBC" id="blq-blocks" width="84" height="24"><span class="blq-span">Home</span> </span> </a></p> <p class="blq-hide"><strong><a id="page-top">Accessibility links</a></strong></p> <ul id="blq-acc-links"><li><a href="#blq-content">Skip to content</a></li> <li><a href="#blq-local-nav">Skip to local navigation</a></li> <li><a href="#blq-nav-main">Skip to bbc.co.uk navigation</a></li> <li><a href="#blq-search">Skip to bbc.co.uk search</a></li> <li><a href="/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a></li> </ul></div> <div id="blq-main" class="blq-clearfix"> <div id="archived-mothball-message" style=" background:url(/globalresources/mothball-images/bg.jpg) 0 0 repeat-x #fbfbfb; "> <a href="/globalresources/mothballing" style=" "> This page has been archived and is no longer updated. <span style=" display:block; font-size:0.5em; padding:10px 0 0 70px; font-weight:bold; "> <span style=" color:#1A75BB; margin-left:100px; ">Find out more about page archiving.</span> </span> </a> </div><div id="blq-content"> <div id="header"> <a title="Wales History" href="/wales/history" id="headerlink">Wales History</a> <div class="rhsimg"> <a title="Go to Wales homepage" href="/wales/"> <img height="56" width="130" src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/images_redesign/furniture/wales_block.gif" alt="BBC Cymru Wales"></a> </div> <div style="clear: both;"></div>  <div id="local-navigation"> <ul id="navigation-list"><li class="navigation-button-first"><a href="/wales/history">History home</a></li> <li class="navigation-button"><a href="/wales/history/sites/themes">Themes</a></li> <li class="navigation-button"><a href="/wales/history/sites/localhistory">Local history</a></li> <li class="navigation-button"><a href="/wales/history/media">Archive</a></li> <li class="navigation-button selected"><a href="/blogs/waleshistory">Blog</a></li> <li class="navigation-button-last"><a href="/wales/history/sites/kids">History for kids</a></li> </ul></div>  </div> <div id="breadcrumb"><ul><li class="first"> <a href="/wales/history/">Wales History</a></li> <li>Blog</li></ul></div>  <div id="content"> <div class="main content">  <div class="content-left"> <div class="navigation"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/">» Main</a></div> <h1 class="author_title">Welsh abroad</h1> <h2 class="author_name">All posts on "Wales History" in the category: Welsh abroad</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/01/welsh_victoria_cross_winners.html">Welsh Victoria Cross winners</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2012-01-09T12:25:00+00:00">12:25 UK time, Monday, 9 January 2012</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/01/national_museum_cardiff_exhibtion_to_mark_100_year_anniversary_of_captain_scotts_arrival_at_south_pole.html">Museum celebrates 100th anniversary of Captain Scott's arrival at South Pole</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2012-01-04T14:15:00+00:00">14:15 UK time, Wednesday, 4 January 2012</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/11/the_death_of_dylan_thomas.html">The death of Dylan Thomas</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2011-11-08T15:10:38+00:00">15:10 UK time, Tuesday, 8 November 2011</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/07/welsh_technology_helps_save_eg.html">Welsh technology helps save Egypt's oldest pyramid</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2011-07-13T14:22:00+00:00">14:22 UK time, Wednesday, 13 July 2011</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/06/sir_george_everest.html">Sir George Everest</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2011-06-13T16:57:58+00:00">16:57 UK time, Monday, 13 June 2011</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/05/joseph_parry_welsh_composer.html">Joseph Parry: a rags to riches story</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2011-05-19T12:09:58+00:00">12:09 UK time, Thursday, 19 May 2011</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/05/wh_davies_welsh_super_tramp.html">WH Davies: the Welsh Super Tramp</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2011-05-13T10:47:03+00:00">10:47 UK time, Friday, 13 May 2011</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/11/welsh_pirates.html">Welsh pirates</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-11-22T09:57:31+00:00">09:57 UK time, Monday, 22 November 2010</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/10/welsh_cowboys.html">Welsh cowboys</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-10-27T12:32:52+00:00">12:32 UK time, Wednesday, 27 October 2010</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/10/murray_the_hump_welsh_gangster.html">Murray the Hump, Welsh gangster</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-10-25T10:18:31+00:00">10:18 UK time, Monday, 25 October 2010</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/10/victorian_handkerchief_donated_national_waterfront_museum_swansea.html">Victorian handkerchief donated to National Waterfront Museum</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-10-19T13:04:54+00:00">13:04 UK time, Tuesday, 19 October 2010</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/10/prince_madoc_discovery_of_america.html">Prince Madoc and the Discovery of America</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-10-11T08:25:20+00:00">08:25 UK time, Monday, 11 October 2010</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/10/welsh-american_place_names.html">Welsh-American place names</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-10-01T08:26:32+00:00">08:26 UK time, Friday, 1 October 2010</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/09/welsh_presidents_of_the_usa.html">Welsh Presidents of the USA</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-09-27T10:51:56+00:00">10:51 UK time, Monday, 27 September 2010</abbr></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2010/06/john_hughes_the_ironmaster_of_yuzovka.html">The ironmaster of Yuzovka</a> - <abbr class="published" title="2010-06-17T10:24:36+00:00">10:24 UK time, Thursday, 17 June 2010</abbr></li> </ul></div>   <div class="sidebar"> <p class="jump"><a href="#jump_more">Jump to more content from this blog</a></p> <div class="block block-one about"> <div class="wrap1"> <div class="wrap2"> <div class="wrap3"> <div class="title"><h3>About this blog</h3></div> <div class="inner"> <p>Welcome to the BBC Wales History blog, a place to explore both celebrated and lesser-known incidents in Welsh history, watch rare clips from BBC Wales' own archive, find out about history events in Wales and get tips to help you delve into your family history.</p> <p><a title="Phil Carradice" href="/blogs/waleshistory/phil_carradice/"><img src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/blogs/images/users/phil_carradice.jpg" width="55" height="55" alt="Phil Carradice" align="right"></a><a title="Phil Carradice" href="/blogs/waleshistory/phil_carradice/">Phil Carradice</a> is a broadcaster, writer and poet. His blog posts provide a distinctly Welsh perspective on major events in world history, as well as revealing some little-known events from the Welsh past. </p><div class="cleardiv"></div> <p style="margin:10px 0 0 0!important">For the latest updates across BBC blogs, <br><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs">visit the Blogs homepage</a>.</p> <div class="cleardiv"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="block rss block-one"> <div class="wrap1"> <div class="wrap2"> <div class="wrap3"> <div class="title"><h3>Subscribe to Wales History</h3></div> <div class="inner"> <p>You can stay up to date with Wales History via these feeds.</p> <p class="rss_link first"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/rss.xml">Wales History Feed</a><span>(RSS)</span></p> <p class="rss_link"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/atom.xml">Wales History Feed</a><span>(ATOM)</span></p> <p>If you aren't sure what RSS is you'll find <a href="https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/help/3223484.stm">our beginner's guide to RSS</a> useful.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="block blogs block-one"> <div class="wrap1"> <div class="wrap2"> <div class="wrap3"> <div class="title"><h3>Latest from BBC Wales blogs</h3></div> <div class="inner"> <div class="blogpromo"> <img src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/blogs/images/users/laura_chamberlain.jpg" width="55" height="55" alt="Laura Chamberlain"><div class="blogpromoinfo"> <h4><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/walesarts/2012/07/remembering_welsh_poet_hedd_wyn.html">Remembering Welsh poet Hedd Wyn</a></h4> <p>Ninety-five years ago today, 31 July, Welsh poet Hedd Wyn died in... </p> <p class="blogtitle"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/walesarts/">Wales Arts »</a></p> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> <div class="blogpromo"> <img src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/blogs/images/users/cardiff_singer.jpg" width="55" height="55" alt="Cardiff Singer"><div class="blogpromoinfo"> <h4><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/walesmusic/2012/11/cardiff-singer-30th-anniversary.shtml">Cardiff Singer 30th anniversary</a></h4> <p> The season ticket booking form, with details of all the concerts... </p> <p class="blogtitle"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/walesmusic/">Wales Music »</a></p> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> <div class="blogpromo"> <img src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/blogs/images/users/derek_brockway.jpg" width="55" height="55" alt="Derek Brockway"><div class="blogpromoinfo"> <h4><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/walesnature/2012/07/a_taste_of_summer.html">A taste of summer</a></h4> <p>Last week most of Wales enjoyed a taste of summer. At the... </p> <p class="blogtitle"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/walesnature/">Wales Nature »</a></p> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> <div class="blogpromo"> <img src="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/blogs/images/users/x-ray_production_team.jpg" width="55" height="55" alt="X-Ray production team"><div class="blogpromoinfo"> <h4><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/x-ray/2012/03/dog-grooming.shtml">Dog Grooming</a></h4> <p>A third of Welsh families own a dog and a growing number... </p> <p class="blogtitle"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/x-ray/">X-Ray »</a></p> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div>   </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div>  </div> <div class="cleardiv"></div> </div>  <div class="cleardiv"></div> <div id="explore"> <div class="more content"> <h2><a name="jump_more"></a>More from this blog...</h2>  <div class="grids"> <div class="unit topical"> <div class="title"><h3>Topical posts on this blog</h3></div> <div class="inner"> <div id="beingdiscussedNow"> <h2>Being Discussed Now</h2> <ul class="dna-list"><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/blogwales/posts/mumbles_lifeboat_disaster_1947">mumbles_lifeboat_disaster_1947</a><span>(1)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/blogwales/posts/thomas_pennant_natural_history">thomas_pennant_natural_history</a><span>(1)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/06/story_of_corona_pop.html">The story of Corona pop</a><span>(12)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/blogwales/posts/family_history_dna_test_results">family_history_dna_test_results</a><span>(1)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/blogwales/posts/tom_pryce_35th_anniversary_formula_one_south_african_grand_prix">tom_pryce_35th_anniversary_formula_one_south_african_grand_prix</a><span>(1)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/01/1889_tragedy_on_pembroke_river.html">1889 tragedy on Pembroke River</a><span>(5)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/blogwales/posts/wartime_evacuees_reunion_at_iscoyd_park">wartime_evacuees_reunion_at_iscoyd_park</a><span>(1)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/blogwales/posts/investiture_of_edward_viii">investiture_of_edward_viii</a><span>(1)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/05/family_history_researching_foundlings.html">After Z: forgotten foundlings</a><span>(2)</span></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/blogwales/posts/donald_houston_great_welsh_actor">donald_houston_great_welsh_actor</a><span>(1)</span></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="unit archives">  <div class="title"><h3>Archives</h3></div> <div class="inner"> <p><strong>Past twelve months</strong></p> <ul><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/07/">July 2012 (14)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/06/">June 2012 (9)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/05/">May 2012 (14)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/04/">April 2012 (16)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/03/">March 2012 (22)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/02/">February 2012 (12)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2012/01/">January 2012 (16)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/12/">December 2011 (12)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/11/">November 2011 (16)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/10/">October 2011 (13)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/09/">September 2011 (16)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/08/">August 2011 (16)</a></li> </ul><p class="all"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/archives.html">complete archive</a></p> </div>  </div> <div class="unit tags">  <div class="title"><h3>Categories</h3></div> <div class="inner"> <p>These are some of the popular topics this blog covers.</p> <ul class="tags"><li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/12th_century/">12th century</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/14th_century/">14th century </a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/15th_century/">15th century</a></li> <li class="rank-4"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/16th_century/">16th century</a></li> <li class="rank-5"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/17th_century/">17th century</a></li> <li class="rank-7"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/18th_century/">18th century</a></li> <li class="rank-35"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/19th_century/">19th century </a></li> <li class="rank-67"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/20th_century/">20th century</a></li> <li class="rank-4"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/america/">america</a></li> <li class="rank-40"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/anniversary/">anniversary</a></li> <li class="rank-8"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/archaeology/">archaeology</a></li> <li class="rank-11"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/archive/">archive</a></li> <li class="rank-1"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/arts/">arts</a></li> <li class="rank-5"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/battlefields/">battlefields</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/black_history_month/">black history month</a></li> <li class="rank-9"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/books/">books</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/business/">business</a></li> <li class="rank-8"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/castles_1/">castles</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/chartism/">chartism</a></li> <li class="rank-4"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/children/">children</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/christmas/">christmas</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/education/">education</a></li> <li class="rank-6"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/eisteddfod/">eisteddfod</a></li> <li class="rank-5"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/entertainers/">entertainers</a></li> <li class="rank-4"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/explorers/">explorers</a></li> <li class="rank-33"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/family/">family</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/film/">film</a></li> <li class="rank-5"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/first_click/">first click</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/food/">food</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/hands_on_history/">hands on history</a></li> <li class="rank-7"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/health/">health</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/hidden_histories/">hidden histories</a></li> <li class="rank-446"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/">history</a></li> <li class="rank-20"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/industry/">industry</a></li> <li class="rank-1"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/iron_age/">iron age</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/leisure/">leisure</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/local/">local</a></li> <li class="rank-7"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/maritime/">maritime</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/memorials/">memorials</a></li> <li class="rank-9"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/memories/">memories</a></li> <li class="rank-9"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/mid_wales/">mid wales</a></li> <li class="rank-11"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/military/">military</a></li> <li class="rank-18"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/mining/">mining</a></li> <li class="rank-14"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/museums/">museums</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/music/">music</a></li> <li class="rank-10"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/myths_and_legends/">myths and legends</a></li> <li class="rank-5"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/normans/">normans</a></li> <li class="rank-15"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/north_east_wales/">north east wales</a></li> <li class="rank-18"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/north_west_wales/">north west wales</a></li> <li class="rank-4"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/open_doors/">open doors</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/organisations/">organisations</a></li> <li class="rank-10"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/past_master/">past master</a></li> <li class="rank-30"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/places/">places</a></li> <li class="rank-10"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/politics/">politics</a></li> <li class="rank-20"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/radio/">radio</a></li> <li class="rank-14"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/religion/">religion</a></li> <li class="rank-7"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/romans/">romans</a></li> <li class="rank-1"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/royal_welsh_show/">royal welsh show</a></li> <li class="rank-13"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/royalty/">royalty</a></li> <li class="rank-9"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/ryder_cup/">ryder cup</a></li> <li class="rank-5"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/science/">science</a></li> <li class="rank-10"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/snowdonia/">snowdonia</a></li> <li class="rank-51"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/south_east_wales/">south east wales</a></li> <li class="rank-45"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/south_west_wales/">south west wales</a></li> <li class="rank-12"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/sport/">sport</a></li> <li class="rank-1"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/st_davids_day/">st david's day</a></li> <li class="rank-2"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/story_of_wales/">story of wales</a></li> <li class="rank-33"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/television/">television</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/the_story_of_wales/">the story of wales</a></li> <li class="rank-77"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/things_to_do/">things to do</a></li> <li class="rank-6"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/tonypandy_riots/">tonypandy riots</a></li> <li class="rank-6"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/tourism/">tourism</a></li> <li class="rank-30"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/transport/">transport</a></li> <li class="rank-14"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/war/">war</a></li> <li class="rank-3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/weather/">weather</a></li> <li class="rank-15"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/welsh_abroad/">welsh abroad</a></li> <li class="rank-14"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/women/">women</a></li> <li class="rank-19"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/world_war_one/">world war one</a></li> <li class="rank-47"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/history/world_war_two/">world war two</a></li> </ul></div>  </div> <div class="unit authors"> <div class="title"><h3>Latest contributors</h3></div> <div class="inner"> <ul><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/james_roberts/">James Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/phil_carradice/">Phil Carradice</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/bbc_wales_history/">BBC Wales History</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/cat_whiteaway/">Cat Whiteaway</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="/staticarchive/a6d9e652f6ae17eb1e582e3c58afb64e417a7216.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">set_latest_blog(499);</script></div> <div id="blq-mast" class="blq-rst blq-default-domestic blq-new-nav" lang="en-GB"> <div id="blq-sign-in"> <div id="id-status" class="blq-id-v4"> <div class="id-out id-gel"> <h2 class="blq-hide">BBC iD</h2> <a href="https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/id/status" id="blq-idstatus-link"> <span class="id-icon"> <span></span> </span> <span id="blq-idstatus-text"> BBC iD </span> <span class="id-spinner"></span> <span class="blq-dropdown-arrow"> <span></span> </span> </a> </div> <div id="id-status-nav"> <div class="id-in blq-rst"> <ul><li> <a name="idDash" class="blq-nogo has-ptrt idDash" href="https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/id/settings"> Settings </a> </li> <li> <a name="idSignout" class="blq-nogo has-ptrt idSignout" href="https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/id/signout"> Sign out </a> </li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> <form method="get" id="blq-search-form" action="https://search.bbc.co.uk/search" accept-charset="utf-8"> <p id="blq-nav-search"> <input type="hidden" name="go" value="toolbar"><input type="hidden" name="uri" value="/blogs/waleshistory/welsh_abroad/"><label for="blq-search" class="blq-hide">Search term:</label> <input id="blq-search" type="text" name="q" value="" maxlength="128"><input id="blq-search-btn" type="submit" value="Search"></p> </form> <h2 class="blq-hide">BBC navigation</h2> <ul id="blq-nav-main" class="blq-not-uk"><li id="blq-nav-n"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/" hreflang="en-GB">News</a></li> <li id="blq-nav-s"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/" hreflang="en-GB">Sport</a></li> <li id="blq-nav-w"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/" hreflang="en-GB">Weather</a></li> <li id="blq-nav-i"> <a href="/iplayer/" hreflang="en-GB">iPlayer</a> </li> <li id="blq-nav-t"><a href="/tv/" hreflang="en-GB">TV</a></li> <li id="blq-nav-r"><a href="/radio/" hreflang="en-GB">Radio</a></li> <li id="blq-nav-m"><a href="#blq-nav">More…</a></li> </ul></div> <div id="blq-nav" class="blq-orange"> <div id="blq-nav-links" class="blq-clearfix" lang="en-GB"> <div id="blq-nav-links-inner"> <ul class="blq-nav-sub blq-first"><li><a href="/cbbc/">CBBC</a></li> <li><a href="/cbeebies/">CBeebies</a></li> <li><a href="/comedy/">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/food/">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/history/">History</a></li> </ul><ul class="blq-nav-sub"><li><a href="/learning/">Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/music/">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/science/">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/nature/">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/local/">Local</a></li> </ul><ul class="blq-nav-sub blq-last"><li><a href="/northernireland/">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/scotland/">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wales/">Wales</a></li> <li id="blq-az"><a href="/a-z/">Full A-Z<span class="blq-hide"> of BBC sites</span></a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div>  <div id="blq-foot" lang="en-GB" class="blq-rst blq-clearfix blq-foot-grey"> <div id="blq-footlinks"> <h2 class="blq-hide">BBC links</h2> <ul><li class="blq-footlinks-row"> <ul class="blq-footlinks-row-list"><li><a href="https://m.bbc.co.uk/">Mobile site</a></li> <li><a href="/terms/">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a href="/aboutthebbc/">About the BBC</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="blq-footlinks-row"> <ul class="blq-footlinks-row-list"><li><a href="/privacy/">Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="blq-footlinks-row"> <ul class="blq-footlinks-row-list"><li><a href="/privacy/cookies/about">Cookies</a></li> <li><a href="/contact/">Contact the BBC</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="blq-footlinks-row"> <ul class="blq-footlinks-row-list"><li><a href="/guidance/">Parental Guidance</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></div> <div id="blq-foot-blocks" class="blq-footer-image-light"><img src="/staticarchive/a8e42f8fe987b7cc9bf2d43b74b2c74b2448d2e3.png" width="84" height="24" alt="BBC"></div> <p id="blq-disclaim"><span id="blq-copy">BBC © 2014</span> <a href="/help/web/links/">The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read more.</a></p> <div id="blq-obit"><p><strong>This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so.</strong></p></div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof require !== 'undefined') { require(['istats-1'], function(istats){ istats.track('external', { region: document.getElementById('blq-main') }); istats.track('download', { region: document.getElementById('blq-main') }); }); } </script></body></html>