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class="mw-page-title-main">Licensing/es-formal</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-pt-translate-header noprint" dir="ltr" lang="en">This page is a <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Commons%3ALicensing&action=page&filter=&language=es-formal">translated version</a></span> of a page <a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing" title="Commons:Licensing">Commons:Licensing</a> and the translation is 0% complete. Changes to the translation template, respectively the source language can be submitted through <a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing" title="Commons:Licensing">Commons:Licensing</a> and have to be approved by a <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation_administrators" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation administrators">translation administrator</a>.</div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es-x-formal" dir="ltr"><p><span id="shortcut" class="coordinates" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcuts</a>: <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:L&redirect=no">COM:L</a></span> • <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:LICENSE&redirect=no">COM:LICENSE</a></span></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r428405392">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i,.mw-parser-output .hatnote.noitalic{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote+div.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">For <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">the country-by-country licensing rules</span>, see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by territory">Commons:Copyright rules by territory</a>.</bdi></div> <div class="mw-pt-languages noprint navigation-not-searchable" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages-label">Other languages:</div><ul class="mw-pt-languages-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/gsw" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Lizenzierig (1% translated)" lang="gsw" dir="ltr">Alemannisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/id" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Perizinan (92% translated)" lang="id" dir="ltr">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ms" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Pelesenan (4% translated)" lang="ms" dir="ltr">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/de" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Lizenzen (100% translated)" lang="de" dir="ltr">Deutsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing" class="mw-pt-languages-ui mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Licensing (100% translated)" lang="en" dir="ltr">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/eo" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Licencigo (52% translated)" lang="eo" dir="ltr">Esperanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/mwl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Licéncias (1% translated)" lang="mwl" dir="ltr">Mirandés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/nl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Licentiëring (100% translated)" lang="nl" dir="ltr">Nederlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/vi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Giấy phép (99% translated)" lang="vi" dir="ltr">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/tr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Lisanslama (36% translated)" lang="tr" dir="ltr">Türkçe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ast" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Al rodiu les llicentcies (17% translated)" lang="ast" dir="ltr">asturianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/az" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Lisenziyalaşdırma (6% translated)" lang="az" dir="ltr">azərbaycanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ca" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Sobre les llicències (97% translated)" lang="ca" dir="ltr">català</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/da" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Licensering (8% translated)" lang="da" dir="ltr">dansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/es" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Licencias (100% translated)" lang="es" dir="ltr">español</a></li> <li><span class="mw-pt-languages-selected mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" lang="es-x-formal" dir="ltr">español (formal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/eu" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Lizentzien inguruan (31% translated)" lang="eu" dir="ltr">euskara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/fr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:À propos des licences (100% translated)" lang="fr" dir="ltr">français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/gl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Licenzamento (50% translated)" lang="gl" dir="ltr">galego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/hr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Zajednički poslužitelj:Licenciranje (14% translated)" lang="hr" dir="ltr">hrvatski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ia" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Licentias (3% translated)" lang="ia" dir="ltr">interlingua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/it" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Licenze (81% translated)" lang="it" dir="ltr">italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ku" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Bilîsanskirin (7% translated)" lang="ku" dir="ltr">kurdî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/hu" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Licencelés (57% translated)" lang="hu" dir="ltr">magyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/oc" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:A prepaus de las licéncias (21% translated)" lang="oc" dir="ltr">occitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/pl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Nadawanie licencji (100% translated)" lang="pl" dir="ltr">polski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/pt" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Licenciamento (76% translated)" lang="pt" dir="ltr">português</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/pt-br" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Licenciamento (95% translated)" lang="pt-BR" dir="ltr">português do Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ro" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Licențiere (100% translated)" lang="ro" dir="ltr">română</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/scn" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Licenzi (41% translated)" lang="scn" dir="ltr">sicilianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/sk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Licencie (36% translated)" lang="sk" dir="ltr">slovenčina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/sl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Navedba licence (20% translated)" lang="sl" dir="ltr">slovenščina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/fi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Lisensointi (84% translated)" lang="fi" dir="ltr">suomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/sv" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Licensiering (70% translated)" lang="sv" dir="ltr">svenska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/is" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Licensing/is (59% translated)" lang="is" dir="ltr">íslenska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/cs" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Licencování (81% translated)" lang="cs" dir="ltr">čeština</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/el" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Άδειες (63% translated)" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/be" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Ліцэнзаваньне (2% translated)" lang="be" dir="ltr">беларуская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/be-tarask" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Вікісховішча:Дазволы (97% translated)" lang="be-tarask" dir="ltr">беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/bg" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Общомедия:Лицензиране (53% translated)" lang="bg" dir="ltr">български</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ky" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Викиказына:Лицензиялоо (99% translated)" lang="ky" dir="ltr">кыргызча</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/mk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Ризница:Лиценцирање (20% translated)" lang="mk" dir="ltr">македонски</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ru" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Викисклад:Лицензирование (100% translated)" lang="ru" dir="ltr">русский</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/sr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Остава:Лиценцирање (1% translated)" lang="sr" dir="ltr">српски / srpski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/uk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Вікісховище:Ліцензування (83% translated)" lang="uk" dir="ltr">українська</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/yi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:ליסענסינג (74% translated)" lang="yi" dir="rtl">ייִדיש</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/he" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:רישיונות (9% translated)" lang="he" dir="rtl">עברית</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ur" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="کامنز:اجازت نامہ (7% translated)" lang="ur" dir="rtl">اردو</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ar" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="كومنز:الترخيص (100% translated)" lang="ar" dir="rtl">العربية</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/fa" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="ویکی‌انبار:پروانه‌دهی (90% translated)" lang="fa" dir="rtl">فارسی</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/mr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="कॉमन्स:परवाना देणे (5% translated)" lang="mr" dir="ltr">मराठी</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/hi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:लाइसेंसिंग (84% translated)" lang="hi" dir="ltr">हिन्दी</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/bn" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="কমন্স:লাইসেন্স বিধি (19% translated)" lang="bn" dir="ltr">বাংলা</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/gu" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Licensing/gu (2% translated)" lang="gu" dir="ltr">ગુજરાતી</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ta" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="பொதுவகம்:உரிமம் (1% translated)" lang="ta" dir="ltr">தமிழ்</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/tcy" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="ಕಾಮನ್ಸ್:ಲೈಸೆನ್ಸಿಂಗ್ (5% translated)" lang="tcy" dir="ltr">ತುಳು</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/th" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="คอมมอนส์:การอนุญาตให้ใช้สิทธิ (41% translated)" lang="th" dir="ltr">ไทย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/lo" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="ຄອມມອນສ໌:ການອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ໃຊ້ສິດ (3% translated)" lang="lo" dir="ltr">ລາວ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/blk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:အွောန်ႏထွော့လုဲင်သိဉ် (3% translated)" lang="blk" dir="ltr">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/my" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:လိုင်စင်သတ်မှတ်ခြင်း (32% translated)" lang="my" dir="ltr">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/shn" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Licensing (1% translated)" lang="shn" dir="ltr">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ka" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="ვიკისაწყობი:ლიცენზირება (1% translated)" lang="ka" dir="ltr">ქართული</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/km" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:អាជ្ញាបណ្ណ (1% translated)" lang="km" dir="ltr">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/zh" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="共享资源:许可协议 (98% translated)" lang="zh" dir="ltr">中文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ja" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:ライセンシング (99% translated)" lang="ja" dir="ltr">日本語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/yue" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:許可協議 (1% translated)" lang="yue" dir="ltr">粵語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/mni" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="ꯀꯝꯃꯟꯁ:ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯕ (26% translated)" lang="mni" dir="ltr">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ko-kp" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:허가 (12% translated)" lang="ko-KP" dir="ltr">조선말</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing/ko" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:라이선스 (72% translated)" lang="ko" dir="ltr">한국어</a></li></ul></div> <div id="policy" class="notice metadata translatedpolicy" lang="en" dir="auto"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r351006004">.mw-parser-output .translatedpolicy{border-top:2px solid #ddd;border-bottom:2px solid #ddd;margin:10px;padding:7px}</style> <b>This page is a translation of an <a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_policies" title="Category:Commons policies">official policy</a> on Wikimedia Commons. It may be incomplete, out of date and/or unreliable. Bear in mind that <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language policy">official text is only the English version</a>.</b></div> <div style="margin:0 0 1em; border:1px solid #ccc; padding:12px; background-color:#f9f9f9;"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>This page gives non-lawyers an overview of complicated copyright laws through an example-based tutorial. It aims to help uploaders decide whether an image or other media file is acceptable on Wikimedia Commons. If you are a re-user looking for information on how to use Commons content in your own work, see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing_content_outside_Wikimedia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing content outside Wikimedia">Commons:Reusing content outside Wikimedia</a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p><b>Wikimedia Commons only accepts <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Contenido_libre" class="extiw" title="w:es:Contenido libre">free content</a></b>, that is, images and other media files that are not subject to copyright restrictions which would prevent them being used <i>by anyone, anytime, for any purpose</i>. The use may however be restricted by issues not related to copyright, though, see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">Commons:Non-copyright restrictions</a>, and the license may demand some special measures. There is also certain material, the copyrights of which have <a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing#Interaction_of_US_and_non-US_copyright_law" title="Commons:Licensing">expired in one country while still applying in another</a>. Some of the details are explained below. Wikimedia Commons tries to ensure that any such restrictions are mentioned on the image description page; however, it is the responsibility of reusers to ensure that the use of the media is according to the license and violates no applicable law. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Wikimedia Commons only accepts media </p> <ul><li>that are explicitly <a href="https://freedomdefined.org/Definition" class="extiw" title="freedomdefined:Definition">freely licensed</a>, or</li> <li>that are in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Dominio_p%C3%BAblico" class="extiw" title="w:es:Dominio público">public domain</a> in at least the United States <i>and</i> in the source country of the work.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Wikimedia Commons does <i>not</i> accept <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Uso_justo" class="extiw" title="w:es:Uso justo"><span title="limitation and exception to the exclusive right granted by copyright law to the author of a creative work">uso justo</span></a> justifications: see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair_use" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair use">Commons:Fair use</a>. Media licensed exclusively under <i>non-commercial only</i> licenses (like CC BY-NC-SA) are not accepted either. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The license that applies to an image or media file must be indicated clearly on the file description page using a <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright tags">copyright tag</a>. All information required by that license must be provided on the description page. The information given on the description page should be sufficient to allow others to verify the license status. It would be best to do this immediately in the summary field on the upload form. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>If you are a copyright holder and would like to confirm permission, please use the <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Email_templates" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Email templates">email template</a> to send it via <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Volunteer_Response_Team" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Volunteer Response Team">VRT</a>. </p> </div> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Licensing_tutorial_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Licensing_tutorial_en.svg/500px-Licensing_tutorial_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="980" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Licensing_tutorial_en.svg/750px-Licensing_tutorial_en.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Licensing_tutorial_en.svg/1000px-Licensing_tutorial_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="1200"/></a><figcaption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">A quick but not entirely accurate introduction</span></figcaption></figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Acceptable_licenses"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Acceptable licenses</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Multi-licensing"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Multi-licensing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Well-known_licenses"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Well-known licenses</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Forbidden_licenses"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Forbidden licenses</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#GNU_Free_Documentation_License"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#License_information"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">License information</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Scope_of_licensing"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Scope of licensing</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Material_in_the_public_domain"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Material in the public domain</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Interaction_of_US_and_non-US_copyright_law"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Interaction of US and non-US copyright law</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Uruguay_Round_Agreements_Act"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Uruguay Round Agreements Act</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Old_orphan_works"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Old orphan works</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#PD_1.0_and_Flickr"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">PD 1.0 and Flickr</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Fair_use_is_not_allowed_on_Commons"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext"><i>Fair use</i> is not allowed on Commons</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Derivative_works"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Derivative works</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Simple_design"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Simple design</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Fonts"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Fonts</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Copyright_rules"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Copyright rules</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <p><span id="acceptable_licenses"></span><span id="OKLIC"></span> </p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Acceptable_licenses" data-mw-thread-id="h-Acceptable_licenses"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Acceptable_licenses"></span>Acceptable licenses<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Acceptable_licenses"></span></h2></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>A copyright license is a formal permission stating who may use a copyrighted work and how they may use it. A license can <i>only</i> be granted by the copyright holder, which is usually the author (photographer, painter or similar). </p> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BD-propagande-2_en.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/BD-propagande-2_en.jpg/300px-BD-propagande-2_en.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="413" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/BD-propagande-2_en.jpg/450px-BD-propagande-2_en.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/BD-propagande-2_en.jpg/600px-BD-propagande-2_en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="3507"/></a><figcaption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This cartoon explains why Commons does not accept "noncommercial" licenses. Click to view the full-size image.</span></figcaption></figure> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>All copyrighted material on Commons (not in the <a href="#Material_in_the_public_domain">public domain</a>) must be licensed under a <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomdefined.org/Definition">free license</a></i> that specifically and irrevocably allows anyone to use the material for any purpose; simply writing that "<i>the material may be used freely by anyone</i>" or similar isn't sufficient. In particular, the license <b>must</b> meet the following conditions: </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li>Republication and distribution <i>must</i> be allowed.</li> <li>Publication of derivative work <i>must</i> be allowed.</li> <li>Commercial use of the work <i>must</i> be allowed.</li> <li>The license <i>must</i> be perpetual (non-expiring) and non-revocable.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li>Acknowledgment of all authors/contributors of a work <i>may</i> be required.</li> <li>Publication of derivative work under the same license <i>may</i> be required.</li> <li>For digital distribution, use of open file formats free of digital restrictions management (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Gesti%C3%B3n_de_derechos_digitales" class="extiw" title="w:es:Gestión de derechos digitales">DRM</a>) <i>may</i> be required.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Sometimes, authors wish to release a lower quality or lower resolution version of an image or video under a <i>free</i> license, while applying stricter terms to higher quality versions. It is <a href="/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Copyright/Archive/2014/06#Could_someone_please_post_a_summary_of_this?" title="Commons:Village pump/Copyright/Archive/2014/06">unclear</a> whether such a distinction is legally enforceable, but Commons's policy is to respect the copyright holder's intentions by hosting only the lower quality version. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The following restrictions <i><b>must not</b></i> apply to the image or other media file: </p> <ul><li>Use by Wikimedia only.</li> <li>Non-commercial, educational, personal, or editorial use only.</li> <li>Use under fair use only.</li> <li>Notification of the creator <i>required</i>, rather than requested, for all or for some uses.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>For example, the following are generally <b>not</b> allowed: </p> <ul><li>Screenshots of software that is itself not under a free license. However, screenshots of software under the GPL or a similar free software license are generally considered to be OK. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots">Commons:Screenshots</a>.</li> <li>TV/DVD/video game screenshots. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots">Commons:Screenshots</a>.</li> <li>Scans or reproductive photographs of copyrighted artwork, especially book covers, album/CD covers, etc. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Commons:Derivative works</a>.</li> <li>Copyrighted symbols, logos, etc. (Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions#trademark-law" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">trademarks</a>.)</li> <li>Models, masks, toys, and other objects which represent a copyrighted work, such as a cartoon or movie character (rather than just a particular actor, regardless of a specific role). See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Commons:Derivative works</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Commons also allows works that are not protected by copyright (i.e. works in the public domain). Please read <a href="#Material_in_the_public_domain">the section about public domain</a> below. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>For an explanation of the justification for this licensing policy, see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing/Justifications" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing/Justifications">Commons:Licensing/Justifications</a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multi-licensing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Multi-licensing-Acceptable_licenses"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Multi-licensing-Acceptable_licenses"></span>Multi-licensing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Multi-licensing-Acceptable_licenses"></span></h3></div> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BD-propagande_colour_en.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BD-propagande_colour_en.jpg/350px-BD-propagande_colour_en.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BD-propagande_colour_en.jpg/525px-BD-propagande_colour_en.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BD-propagande_colour_en.jpg/700px-BD-propagande_colour_en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3507" data-file-height="2550"/></a><figcaption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This cartoon demonstrates the utility of including a Creative Commons license. Click to view the full-size image.</span></figcaption></figure> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>You can offer as many licenses for a file as you want as long as <b>at least one of them</b> meets the criteria for free licenses above. For example, files may be licensed with both Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (meets the criteria) and Attribution-NonCommercial (does not meet the criteria). In this example, re-users would be given the option to create derivatives using a compatible license (ShareAlike) or use a different licensing model and be restricted to NonCommercial use. A re-user who opts for the latter may however not upload their derivative work to Commons, as Attribution-NonCommercial does not meet the criteria for a free license. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Multi-Licensing with restrictive licenses may be desirable for compatibility with the licensing scheme of other projects; also, multi-licensing allows people who create derivative work to release that work under a restrictive license only, if they wish—that is, it gives creators of derivative works <i>more freedom</i> with regards to which license they may use for their work. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Multi-licensing" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Multi-licensing">Commons:Multi-licensing</a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Well-known_licenses" data-mw-thread-id="h-Well-known_licenses-Acceptable_licenses"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Well-known_licenses-Acceptable_licenses"></span>Well-known licenses<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Well-known_licenses-Acceptable_licenses"></span></h3></div> </div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r927745239">.mw-parser-output .shortcut2{float:right;margin:0.4em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0 1em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;border-radius:4px}</style><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcut</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r574572692">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:WKL&redirect=no">COM:WKL</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The following well-known licenses are preferred for materials on Commons: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/about/licenses/"><b>Creative Commons</b></a> Attribution/ShareAlike licenses</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.gnu.org/licenses/licenses.html#GPL">GNU <b>General Public License</b></a> (GPL) / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.gnu.org/licenses/licenses.html#LGPL">GNU <b>Lesser General Public License</b></a> (LGPL)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artlibre.org/licence/lal/en/"><b>Free Art License</b>/<b>Licence Art Libre</b> (FAL/LAL)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opendatacommons.org/"><b>Open Data Commons</b></a>, for freely licensed databases where the <b>contents</b> are also free or available under a free license or cannot be separated from the database <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://opendatacommons.org/faq/licenses/">[1]</a>.</li></ul> </div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Summary of Creative Commons licenses on Wikimedia Commons</span> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col"><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Creative Commons license icons and names</span> </th> <th scope="col"><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abbreviations & versions</span> </th> <th scope="col"><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">OK here?</span> </th> <th scope="col"><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Notes</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Public_Domain_Mark_button.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Public Domain Mark"><img alt="Public Domain Mark" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Public_Domain_Mark_button.svg/100px-Public_Domain_Mark_button.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Public_Domain_Mark_button.svg/151px-Public_Domain_Mark_button.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Public_Domain_Mark_button.svg/199px-Public_Domain_Mark_button.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31"/></a><figcaption>Public Domain Mark</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Public domain</span> </th> <td><b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/">CC Public Domain Mark 1.0</a></b> </td> <td nowrap="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_help-ltr.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Generally OK"><img alt="Generally OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/OOjs_UI_icon_help-ltr.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_help-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/OOjs_UI_icon_help-ltr.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_help-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/OOjs_UI_icon_help-ltr.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_help-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Generally OK</span> </td> <td><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Often found on Flickr images, and considered to be freely licensed in most circumstances. - <a href="#PD_1.0_and_Flickr">see Public Domain section below</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CC_Zero_badge.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC0 Button"><img alt="CC0 Button" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CC_Zero_badge.svg/100px-CC_Zero_badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CC_Zero_badge.svg/151px-CC_Zero_badge.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CC_Zero_badge.svg/199px-CC_Zero_badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31"/></a><figcaption>CC0 Button</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Zero Public Domain, "No Rights Reserved"</span> </th> <td><b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0">CC0</a></b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="OK"><img alt="OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">OK</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CC_BY_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC BY Button"><img alt="CC BY Button" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/100px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/151px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/199px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31"/></a><figcaption>CC BY Button</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Attribution</span> </th> <td><b>CC BY (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0">1.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">2.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">2.5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">3.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">4.0</a>)‎</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="OK"><img alt="OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">OK</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CC_BY-SA_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC BY-SA Button"><img alt="CC BY-SA Button" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/100px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/151px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/199px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31"/></a><figcaption>CC BY-SA Button</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Attribution-ShareAlike</span> </th> <td><b>CC BY-SA (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0">1.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0">2.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5">2.5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">3.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">4.0</a>)‎</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="OK"><img alt="OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_check-constructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">OK</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc_by-nc_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC BY-NC Button"><img alt="CC BY-NC Button" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cc_by-nc_icon.svg/100px-Cc_by-nc_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cc_by-nc_icon.svg/152px-Cc_by-nc_icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cc_by-nc_icon.svg/200px-Cc_by-nc_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="42"/></a><figcaption>CC BY-NC Button</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Attribution-NonCommercial</span> </th> <td><b>CC BY-NC (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0">1.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0">2.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5">2.5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0">3.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0">4.0</a>)‎</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Not OK"><img alt="Not OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Not OK</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc_by-nc-nd_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC BY-NC-ND Button"><img alt="CC BY-NC-ND Button" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Cc_by-nc-nd_icon.svg/100px-Cc_by-nc-nd_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Cc_by-nc-nd_icon.svg/152px-Cc_by-nc-nd_icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Cc_by-nc-nd_icon.svg/200px-Cc_by-nc-nd_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="42"/></a><figcaption>CC BY-NC-ND Button</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs</span> </th> <td><b>CC BY-NC-ND (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0">1.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0">2.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5">2.5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0">3.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0">4.0</a>)‎</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Not OK"><img alt="Not OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Not OK</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-by-nc-sa_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC BY-NC-SA Button"><img alt="CC BY-NC-SA Button" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cc-by-nc-sa_icon.svg/100px-Cc-by-nc-sa_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cc-by-nc-sa_icon.svg/152px-Cc-by-nc-sa_icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cc-by-nc-sa_icon.svg/200px-Cc-by-nc-sa_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="42"/></a><figcaption>CC BY-NC-SA Button</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike</span> </th> <td><b>CC BY-NC-SA (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0">1.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0">2.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5">2.5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0">3.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0">4.0</a>)‎</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Not OK"><img alt="Not OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Not OK</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc_by-nd_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC BY-ND Button"><img alt="CC BY-ND Button" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Cc_by-nd_icon.svg/100px-Cc_by-nd_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Cc_by-nd_icon.svg/152px-Cc_by-nd_icon.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Cc_by-nd_icon.svg/200px-Cc_by-nd_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="42"/></a><figcaption>CC BY-ND Button</figcaption></figure> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Attribution-NoDerivs</span> </th> <td><b>CC BY-ND (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/1.0">1.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0">2.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.5">2.5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0">3.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0">4.0</a>)‎</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Not OK"><img alt="Not OK" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/36px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/54px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg/72px-OOjs_UI_icon_cancel-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Not OK</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Notes on the symbols</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <dl><dt><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-by_new_white.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC BY Icon"><img alt="CC BY Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Cc-by_new_white.svg/25px-Cc-by_new_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Cc-by_new_white.svg/38px-Cc-by_new_white.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Cc-by_new_white.svg/50px-Cc-by_new_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span> "BY"</dt> <dd>This icon means that the image license requires <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/about/licenses">attribution</a>, as such an image is created "BY" a certain person ("BY" is not an acronym in this case).</dd></dl> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <dl><dt><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-sa_white.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC SA Icon"><img alt="CC SA Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Cc-sa_white.svg/25px-Cc-sa_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Cc-sa_white.svg/38px-Cc-sa_white.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Cc-sa_white.svg/50px-Cc-sa_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span> SA</dt> <dd>This icon is for <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/about/licenses">"Share Alike"</a>. It means that others may create derivative works but should publish their contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.</dd></dl> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <dl><dt><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-nc_white.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC NC Icon"><img alt="CC NC Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cc-nc_white.svg/25px-Cc-nc_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cc-nc_white.svg/38px-Cc-nc_white.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cc-nc_white.svg/50px-Cc-nc_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span> NC</dt> <dd>This icon refers to a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/about/licenses">"Non-Commercial"</a> license (<b>not allowed</b> on Commons)</dd></dl> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <dl><dt><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-nd_white.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC ND Icon"><img alt="CC ND Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Cc-nd_white.svg/25px-Cc-nd_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Cc-nd_white.svg/38px-Cc-nd_white.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Cc-nd_white.svg/50px-Cc-nd_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span> ND</dt> <dd>This icon refers to a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/about/licenses">"No-Derivatives"</a> license (<b>not allowed</b> on Commons)</dd></dl> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-pd.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Public Domain Icon"><img alt="Public Domain Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Cc-pd.svg/25px-Cc-pd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Cc-pd.svg/38px-Cc-pd.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Cc-pd.svg/50px-Cc-pd.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Again, works in the <b>public domain</b> are also accepted (<a href="#Material_in_the_public_domain">see below</a>).</span></li></ul> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright tags">Commons:Copyright tags</a> for more licenses. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forbidden_licenses" data-mw-thread-id="h-Forbidden_licenses-Acceptable_licenses"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Forbidden_licenses-Acceptable_licenses"></span>Forbidden licenses<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Forbidden_licenses-Acceptable_licenses"></span></h3></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Works which are not available under a license which meets the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomdefined.org/Definition">Definition of Free Cultural Works</a> are <b>explicitly not allowed</b>. See the Wikimedia Foundation <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Resolution:Licensing policy">board resolution on licensing</a> for more information. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Some examples of licensing statuses commonly found on the Internet, but <b>forbidden</b> on Commons, include: </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-nc_white.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC NC Icon"><img alt="CC NC Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cc-nc_white.svg/25px-Cc-nc_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cc-nc_white.svg/38px-Cc-nc_white.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cc-nc_white.svg/50px-Cc-nc_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span> Creative Commons <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/about/licenses">Non-Commercial Only</a> (-NC) licenses</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cc-nd_white.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="CC ND Icon"><img alt="CC ND Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Cc-nd_white.svg/25px-Cc-nd_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Cc-nd_white.svg/38px-Cc-nd_white.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Cc-nd_white.svg/50px-Cc-nd_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span> Creative Commons <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/about/licenses">No-Derivatives</a> (-ND) licenses</li> <li>Unlicensed material usable only under <i>fair use</i>, <i>fair dealing</i>, or other similar legal exceptions (<a href="#Material_under_the_fair_use_clause_is_not_allowed_on_Commons">see below for the reasons</a>)</li> <li>GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL), under certain conditions (<a href="#GNU_Free_Documentation_License">see below</a>)</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Non-permitted licenses may <b>only</b> be used on Commons if the work is multi-licensed under at least one permitted license. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p><i>If an image is not OK, consider <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Email_templates" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Email templates">asking the author to release their work under a free license</a> such as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY</a> (Creative Commons Attribution license), or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA</a> (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike).</i> </p> </div> <p><span id="GFDL"></span> </p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="GNU_Free_Documentation_License" data-mw-thread-id="h-GNU_Free_Documentation_License-Acceptable_licenses"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-GNU_Free_Documentation_License-Acceptable_licenses"></span>GNU Free Documentation License<span data-mw-comment-end="h-GNU_Free_Documentation_License-Acceptable_licenses"></span></h3></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"><b>GNU Free Documentation License</b></a> (GFDL) is not practical for most content, especially for printed media, because it requires that they be published along with the full text of the license. Thus, it is preferable to publish the work with a dual license, adding to the GFDL a license that permits use of the photo or text easily; a Creative Commons license, for example. Also, do not use the GPL and LGPL licenses as the only license for your own works if it can be avoided, as they are not really suitable for anything but software. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>GFDL is not permitted as the only acceptable license where all of the following are true: </p> <ul><li>The content was licensed on or after 15 October 2018. The licensing date is considered, not the creation or upload date.</li> <li>The content is primarily a photograph, painting, drawing, audio or video.</li> <li>The content is not a software logo, diagram or screenshot that is extracted from a GFDL software manual.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="License_information" data-mw-thread-id="h-License_information"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-License_information"></span>License information<span data-mw-comment-end="h-License_information"></span></h2></div> </div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r927745239"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcut</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r574572692"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:LI&redirect=no">COM:LI</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gammarayburst-GRB990123.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gammarayburst-GRB990123.jpeg/250px-Gammarayburst-GRB990123.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gammarayburst-GRB990123.jpeg/375px-Gammarayburst-GRB990123.jpeg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gammarayburst-GRB990123.jpeg/500px-Gammarayburst-GRB990123.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2908" data-file-height="1464"/></a><figcaption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Example image with the recommended detailed image description (see image page)</span></figcaption></figure> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>All description pages on Commons must indicate clearly under which license the materials were published, and must contain the information required by the license (author, etc.) and should also contain information sufficient for others to verify the license status even when not required by the license itself or by copyright laws. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Specifically, the following information <i>must</i> be given on the description page, regardless if the license requires it or not: </p> <ul><li>The <b>License</b> that applies to the material. This must be done using a <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright tags">copyright tag</a>.</li> <li>The <b>Source</b> of the material. If the uploader is the author, <i><b>this should be stated explicitly.</b></i> (e.g. "Created by uploader", "Self-made", "Own work", etc.) Otherwise, please include a web link or a complete citation if possible. Note: Things like "Transferred from Wikipedia" are generally <i>not</i> considered a valid source unless that is where it was originally published. The primary source should be provided.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li>The <b>Author/Creator</b> of the image or media file. For media that are considered to be in the public domain because the copyright has expired, the date of death of the author may also be crucial (see <a href="#Material_in_the_public_domain">the section about public domain material</a> below). <i><b>A generic license template which implies that the uploader is the copyright holder (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-self" title="Template:PD-self"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-self}}</span></a>) is no substitution for this requirement.</b></i> The only exceptions to this is if the author wishes to remain anonymous or in certain cases where the author is unknown but enough information exists to show the work is truly in the public domain (such as the date of creation/publication).</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Of less importance, but <i>should</i> always be provided if possible: </p> <ul><li>The <b>Description</b> of the image or media file. What is it of? How was it created?</li> <li>The <b>Date</b> and place of creation. For media that are considered to be in the public domain because the copyright has expired, the date of creation may be crucial (see <a href="#Material_in_the_public_domain">the section about public domain material</a> below).</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>These points of the description can be done at best using the <a href="/wiki/Template:Information" title="Template:Information">Information template</a>. For usage of this template see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:First_steps/Quality_and_description" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:First steps/Quality and description">Commons:First steps/Quality and description</a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scope_of_licensing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Scope_of_licensing-License_information"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Scope_of_licensing-License_information"></span>Scope of licensing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Scope_of_licensing-License_information"></span></h3></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>In some cases, a document (media file) may have multiple <i>aspects</i> that can and have to be licensed: Every person that contributed a critical part of the work has rights to the results, and all have to make their contribution available under a free license—see <i><b><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">derivative work</a></b></i>. However, the distinctions are unclear and may differ from country to country. Here are a few examples to clarify: </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li>For a <b>music recording</b>, the following aspects must be taken into account, and each must be under a free license (or in the public domain): <ul><li>The score of the music (rights by the composer)</li> <li>The lyrics of the song (rights by the writer)</li> <li>The performance (rights by the performers)</li> <li>The recording (rights by the technical personnel / recording company)</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li>For a <b>picture of artwork</b> (also book covers and the like), it is similar: <ul><li>The creator of the original artwork has rights to any reproductions and derivative work.</li> <li>The photographer has rights to the image, if it is not a plain reproduction of the original.</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li>For a picture of <b>a building</b> or <b>a public art</b> (like a sculptural monument or a mural), note that the architect or the artist may hold some rights if distinct architectural or artistic features are shown, but see also <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom of panorama">Commons:Freedom of panorama</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>This is often problematic, if the artwork is not the primary content of the image or is not clearly recognizable: in that case, usually only the creator of the resulting picture (recording, etc.) holds a copyright. For instance, when taking a photograph of a group of people in a museum, the photo may also show some paintings on the walls. In that case the copyright of those paintings does not have to be taken into account. The distinction however is not very clear. The <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De_minimis" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De minimis">Commons:De minimis</a> policy has more information about this concept. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Note that the license for <i>all</i> aspects has to be determined and mentioned explicitly. Also note that most <i>reproductions</i> do not allow the person doing the reproduction to claim a new copyright; the creator of a digital <i>image</i> / <i>reproduction</i> of a picture owns no <i>new</i> copyright to the resulting digital image. The only relevant copyright is that of the original picture. This also applies to <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots">Screenshots</a>. </p> </div> <p><span id="PUBDOMAT"></span> </p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Material_in_the_public_domain" data-mw-thread-id="h-Material_in_the_public_domain"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span>Material in the public domain<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span></h2></div> </div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r927745239"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcut</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r574572692"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:PD&redirect=no">COM:PD</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r428405392"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Public_domain" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Public domain">Help:Public domain</a> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Material released under a license like <a href="/wiki/CC0" class="mw-redirect" title="CC0">CC0</a> is considered the equivalent of public domain material; works that lack originality and edicts are in the public domain; a few governments around the world, including the US Federal, California, and Florida governments place most of their works, including most of their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Public_records" class="extiw" title="w:en:Public records">public records</a> in the public domain; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:PD" class="extiw" title="w:WP:PD">the English Wikipedia's guideline on public domain material</a> more precisely defines these many exceptions. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Commons accepts material that is in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Dominio_p%C3%BAblico" class="extiw" title="w:es:Dominio público">public domain</a>, that is, documents allowed by the above exception, or that are not eligible to copyright, or for which the copyright has expired. But the "public domain" is complicated; copyright laws vary between countries, and thus a work may be in the public domain in one country, but still be copyrighted in another country. There are international treaties such as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Convenio_de_Berna_para_la_Protecci%C3%B3n_de_las_Obras_Literarias_y_Art%C3%ADsticas" class="extiw" title="w:es:Convenio de Berna para la Protección de las Obras Literarias y Artísticas">Berne Convention</a> that set some minimum standards, but individual countries are free to go beyond these minimums. A general rule of thumb is that <i>if the creator of a work has been deceased for more than 70 years</i>, their works are in the public domain in the country the creator was a citizen of and in the country where the work was first published. If the work is anonymous or a collaborative work (e.g. an encyclopedia), it is typically in the public domain 70 years after the date of the first publication. If the author is unknown after an extensive search, a work may be presumed to be in the public domain 120 years after creation (see <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-old-assumed" title="Template:PD-old-assumed"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-old-assumed}}</span></a> for more details). </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Many countries use such a copyright term of 70 years. <b>A notable exception is the U.S.</b> Due to historical circumstances, the United States has more complex rules: </p> <ul><li>Works published before 1929 are in the public domain.</li> <li>For works first published before 1964, copyright lasts <b>28 years after publication</b>, and is therefore currently expired <b>unless the owner filed for renewal</b> during the window between 27 and 28 years after publication.<p>If renewed during that window, copyright lasts until <b>95 years after first publication</b>.</p><p>The large majority of works published before 1964 have passed into the public domain, but <b>it is imperative to determine</b> that copyright was not renewed. (The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cocatalog.loc.gov/">US Copyright Office online catalog</a> can be used to search for renewals in 1978 or later—useful for works published in 1951 through 1963; Google has scans of the paper catalog including <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/googlebooks/copyrightsearch.html">works registered from 1923 up to 1978</a>).</p></li> <li>For works first published before 1978: until <b>95 years after the first publication</b>.</li> <li>For works first published 1978 or later: until <b>70 years after the author's death</b>. Anonymous works or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Work_for_hire" class="extiw" title="w:en:Work for hire">work made for hire</a>: until the shorter of <b>95 years since the first publication</b> or <b>120 years since the creation</b> of the work.</li></ul> <p>For works created before 1978 but only published 1978 or later, there are some <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:PD#Unpublished_works" class="extiw" title="en:WP:PD">special rules</a>. These terms apply in the U.S. also for foreign works. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>However, the year and location of publication is essential. In several countries, material published before a certain year is in the public domain. In the U.S. this date is January 1, 1929. In some countries, <i>all</i> government-published material is public domain, while in others governments claim some copyright (see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by territory">Commons:Copyright rules by territory</a>). </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>In the US, the copyright situation for <b>sound recordings</b> (including those published before 1929) is a special case. Under <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_Modernization_Act#Title_II:_CLASSICS_Act" class="extiw" title="w:Music Modernization Act">Title II</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_Modernization_Act" class="extiw" title="w:Music Modernization Act">Music Modernization Act</a>, recordings that were first fixed prior to February 15, 1972 are copyrighted for a period of time under US federal copyright that depends on when the recording was first published. This federal copyright applies regardless of any formalities (copyright notice, registration, and/or renewal.) The specific copyright term lengths are as follows: </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li>Recordings that were first published prior to 1923 entered the public domain on <b>January 1, 2022</b>.</li> <li>Recordings that were first published between 1923 and 1946 are copyrighted for a period of <b>100 years after first publication</b>.</li> <li>Recordings that were first published between 1947 and 1956 are copyrighted for a period of <b>110 years after first publication</b>.</li> <li>Recordings that were published after 1956 and first fixed prior to February 15, 1972 will enter the public domain on <b>February 15, 2067</b>.</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Sound recordings that were first fixed on or after February 15, 1972 are subject to the same US copyright law term lengths and provisions as other works. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>In some jurisdictions (like the United States), one can also explicitly donate work one has created oneself to the public domain. In other places (like the European Union) this is technically not possible; instead, one can grant the right to use the picture freely with, for example, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons Zero Waiver</a>, which waives all rights granted by copyright, but the waiver might not be legally binding in the full extent of what is normally understood as “public domain” (e.g. regarding <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions#moral-rights" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">authors' moral rights</a>). </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Hirtle_chart" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Hirtle chart">Hirtle chart</a> is <b>a tool for helping to determine if something is in the public domain in the United States.</b> <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:International_copyright_quick_reference_guide" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:International copyright quick reference guide">Commons:International copyright quick reference guide</a> helps to determine if a work first published outside the United States can be uploaded. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interaction_of_US_and_non-US_copyright_law" data-mw-thread-id="h-Interaction_of_US_and_non-US_copyright_law-Material_in_the_public_domain"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Interaction_of_US_and_non-US_copyright_law-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span>Interaction of US and non-US copyright law<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Interaction_of_US_and_non-US_copyright_law-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span></h3></div> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mona_Lisa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mona_Lisa.jpg/150px-Mona_Lisa.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mona_Lisa.jpg/225px-Mona_Lisa.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mona_Lisa.jpg/300px-Mona_Lisa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2835" data-file-height="4289"/></a><figcaption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Every faithful reproduction of <i>Mona Lisa</i> is considered by Commons to be public domain. See "<b>Exception</b>" in text for details.</span></figcaption></figure> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Commons is an international project, but its servers are located in the U.S., and its content should be maximally reusable. Uploads of non-U.S. works are normally allowed only if the work is either in the public domain or covered by a valid free license in <i>both the U.S. <b>and</b> the country of origin of the work.</i> The "country of origin" of a work is generally the country where the work was first published. </p> </div><p><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>When uploading material from a country outside the U.S., the copyright laws of <i>that country <b>and</b> the U.S.</i> normally apply. If material that has been saved from a third-party website is uploaded to Commons, the copyright laws of the U.S., the country of residence of the uploader, <i>and</i> the country of location of the web servers of the website apply. Thus, any licence to use the material should apply in all relevant jurisdictions; if the material is in the public domain, it must normally be in the public domain in all these jurisdictions (plus in the country of origin of the work) for it to be allowable on Commons. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>For example, if a person in the UK uploads a picture that has been saved off a French website to the Commons server, the uploader must be covered by UK, French and US copyright law. For that person to upload that photograph to Commons, the photograph must be public domain in France, the UK and the US, or there must be an acceptable copyright license for the photograph that covers the UK, US and France. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p><b>Exception:</b> Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional works of art, such as paintings, which are in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Dominio_p%C3%BAblico" class="extiw" title="w:es:Dominio público">public domain</a> are an exception to this rule. In July 2008, following a <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-Art_tag#WMFPOS" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag">statement</a> clarifying <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy">WMF policy</a>, Commons <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-Art_tag/Straw_Poll" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag/Straw Poll">voted</a> to the effect that all such photographs are accepted as public domain regardless of country of origin, and tagged with a warning. For details, see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-Art_tag" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag">Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag</a>. </p> </div> <p><span id="URAA"></span> </p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uruguay_Round_Agreements_Act" data-mw-thread-id="h-Uruguay_Round_Agreements_Act-Material_in_the_public_domain"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Uruguay_Round_Agreements_Act-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span>Uruguay Round Agreements Act<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Uruguay_Round_Agreements_Act-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span></h3></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <dl><dd><i>Main page: <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored_copyrights" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored copyrights">Commons:URAA-restored copyrights</a></i></dd></dl> <p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Ley_de_acuerdos_de_la_Ronda_Uruguay" class="extiw" title="w:es:Ley de acuerdos de la Ronda Uruguay">Uruguay Round Agreements Act</a> or URAA is a US law that restored copyrights in the U.S. on foreign works if that work was still copyrighted in the foreign source country on the URAA date. This URAA date was January 1, 1996 for most countries. This means that foreign works became copyrighted in the U.S. even if they had been in the public domain in the U.S. before the URAA date. See also <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Wikipedia:Copyright_situations_by_country" class="extiw" title="w:en:Wikipedia:Copyright situations by country">Wikipedia:Non-U.S. copyrights</a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Because the constitutionality of this law was challenged in court, Commons initially permitted users to upload images that would have been public domain in the U.S. without the URAA. However, the constitutionality of the URAA was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Golan_v._Holder" class="extiw" title="w:en:Golan v. Holder">Golan v. Holder</a></i>. After <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion_requests/All_files_copyrighted_in_the_US_under_the_URAA" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion requests/All files copyrighted in the US under the URAA">discussion</a>, it was determined that the affected files would not be deleted en masse but reviewed individually. There was <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Requests_for_comment/PD_review" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Requests for comment/PD review">further discussion</a> about the best method for review of affected files, resulting in the creation of <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WikiProject_Public_Domain" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WikiProject Public Domain">Commons:WikiProject Public Domain</a> (not active anymore). </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Files affected by the URAA should be tagged with <a href="/wiki/Template:Not-PD-US-URAA" title="Template:Not-PD-US-URAA"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{Not-PD-US-URAA}}</span></a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Files nominated for deletion due to the URAA should be evaluated carefully, as should be their copyright status under US and local laws. A mere <i>allegation</i> that the URAA applies to a file cannot be the sole reason for deletion. If the end result of copyright evaluation is that there is significant doubt about the freedom of a file under US or local law, the file must be deleted in line with the <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Precautionary_principle" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Precautionary principle">precautionary principle</a>. </p> </div> <p><span id="Material_under_the_fair_use_clause_is_not_allowed_on_Commons"></span> </p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Old_orphan_works" data-mw-thread-id="h-Old_orphan_works-Material_in_the_public_domain"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Old_orphan_works-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span>Old orphan works<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Old_orphan_works-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span></h3></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Old <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orphan_work" class="extiw" title="en:Orphan work">orphan works</a> are <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:Village_pump/Proposals&oldid=795076950#Allow_old_orphan_works">accepted</a>, provided that </p> <ul><li>the works were created before 1929;</li> <li>or, the works were created before the <i>pma</i> duration (required years after the author's death) in the country of origin, which would satisfy <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-1996" title="Template:PD-1996"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-1996}}</span></a> if published at the time of creation (e.g. works created before 1946 for 50 years <i>pma</i> countries, if the URAA date is 1996).</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PD_1.0_and_Flickr" data-mw-thread-id="h-PD_1.0_and_Flickr-Material_in_the_public_domain"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-PD_1.0_and_Flickr-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span>PD 1.0 and Flickr<span data-mw-comment-end="h-PD_1.0_and_Flickr-Material_in_the_public_domain"></span></h3></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r916284754">.mw-parser-output .see-also{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);margin:1em 0;border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);padding:2px;color:var(--color-base,#202122);clear:left;overflow:hidden}</style><div role="note" class="see-also"><span class="mw-default-size mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/25px-System-search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/38px-System-search.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/50px-System-search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span>See also: <a href="/wiki/Commons:Flickr_files" title="Commons:Flickr files">Commons:Flickr files</a>. </div> <p><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" title="CC Public Domain Icon" rel="nofollow"><img alt="CC Public Domain Icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Cc-public_domain_mark_white.svg/25px-Cc-public_domain_mark_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Cc-public_domain_mark_white.svg/38px-Cc-public_domain_mark_white.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Cc-public_domain_mark_white.svg/50px-Cc-public_domain_mark_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></span></span> </p><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/">Creative Commons Public Domain 1.0</a> mark (PDM) is often applied to images on photography websites such as Flickr.com, and is not a license. Despite this, the community found that when a user applies PDM to their own work, they are releasing their work to be in the public domain, and these works are believed to be freely licensed. For further information, see <a href="/wiki/Special:Diff/443799320#Accept_files_published_by_the_copyright_holder_with_a_Public_Domain_Mark" title="Special:Diff/443799320">Accept files published by the copyright holder with a Public Domain Mark</a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Fair_use_is_not_allowed_on_Commons" data-mw-thread-id="h-Fair_use_is_not_allowed_on_Commons"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Fair_use_is_not_allowed_on_Commons"></span><i>Fair use</i> is not allowed on Commons<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Fair_use_is_not_allowed_on_Commons"></span></h2></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Wikimedia Commons does <i>not</i> accept content under the condition of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Uso_justo" class="extiw" title="w:es:Uso justo">fair use</a>. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair_use" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair use">Commons:Fair use</a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Derivative_works" data-mw-thread-id="h-Derivative_works"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Derivative_works"></span>Derivative works<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Derivative_works"></span></h2></div> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jimbo_and_friends.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Jimbo_and_friends.png/180px-Jimbo_and_friends.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Jimbo_and_friends.png/270px-Jimbo_and_friends.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Jimbo_and_friends.png/360px-Jimbo_and_friends.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960"/></a><figcaption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This montage is an example of a derivative work. It combines various preexisting images that are in the public domain or available under the <a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_tags/Free_Creative_Commons_licenses#Attribution-ShareAlike_(by-sa)" title="Commons:Copyright tags/Free Creative Commons licenses">Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0</a> license.</span></figcaption></figure> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Imagine you want to upload a picture of Bart Simpson, but of course you can't just scan it in. Why not take a picture of a little action figure and then upload it? Don't. The reason why you can't upload photographs of such figures is that they are considered as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Obra_derivada" class="extiw" title="w:es:Obra derivada">derivative works</a>. Such works can't be published without permission of the original creator. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The US Copyright Act of 1976, Section 101, says: "A <i>derivative work</i> is a work based upon one or more preexisting works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, dramatization, fictionalization, motion picture version, sound recording, art reproduction, abridgment, condensation, or any other form in which a work may be recast, transformed, or adapted. A work consisting of editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications which, as a whole, represent an original work of authorship, is a “derivative work”." A photograph of a copyrighted item is considered a derivative work in US jurisdiction. US Copyright Act of 1976, Section 106: "(...) The owner of copyright under this title has the exclusive rights to do and to authorize any of the following: (...) (2) to prepare derivative works based upon the copyrighted work;" </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Therefore, "unauthorized" derivative works, like photographs of copyrighted action figures, toys, etc., must be deleted. <i>For more information, see <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Commons:Derivative works</a>.</i> </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p><b>Exception:</b> So-called <i>useful articles</i> - objects with an intrinsic <b>utilitarian</b> function, even if commercial designs, are not subject to copyright protection in the US. Consequently, images thereof are not derivative works under US law. For details and applicability of this exception, see the Supreme Court’s decision in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazer_v._Stein" class="extiw" title="w:Mazer v. Stein">Mazer v. Stein</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Template:Useful-object-US" title="Template:Useful-object-US"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{Useful-object-US}}</span></a>. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Simple_design" data-mw-thread-id="h-Simple_design"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Simple_design"></span>Simple design<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Simple_design"></span></h2></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Microsoft_logo_(2012).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Microsoft_logo_%282012%29.svg/220px-Microsoft_logo_%282012%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Microsoft_logo_%282012%29.svg/330px-Microsoft_logo_%282012%29.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Microsoft_logo_%282012%29.svg/440px-Microsoft_logo_%282012%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="109"/></a><figcaption><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Logo of Microsoft – <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-textlogo" title="Template:PD-textlogo"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-textlogo}}</span></a></span></figcaption></figure> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Regarding trademarks (see also <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter#TRADEM" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter: Trademarks</a>): Most commercial items and products are protected by intellectual property laws in one way or another, but copyright is only one such protection. It is important to make the distinction between copyright, trademarks, and patents. Wikimedia Commons generally only enforces copyright restrictions, for these reasons: </p> <ol><li>Almost anything can be trademarked, and it wouldn't make sense to forbid everything.</li> <li>Trademarks and industrial designs restrictions are pertinent to industrial reproduction, but photographs of such items can otherwise be freely reproduced.</li></ol> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>→ For these reasons Commons accepts any trademark whose copyright has expired. Moreover, Commons accepts images of text in a general typeface and of <i>simple geometric shapes</i>, even if it happens to be a recent trademarked logo, on the grounds that such an image is not sufficiently creative to attract copyright protection. </p> </div><p><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Such images should be tagged with <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-ineligible" title="Template:PD-ineligible"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-ineligible}}</span></a> or one of the <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-ineligible#Specific_PD-ineligible_tags" title="Template:PD-ineligible">list of more specific tags</a> for this kind of works (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-textlogo" title="Template:PD-textlogo"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-textlogo}}</span></a> for simple logos). </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p><i>Raster</i> renderings (i.e. PNG images) of uncopyrighted simple designs can themselves be regarded as being uncopyrighted. For <i>vector</i> images (i.e. SVG files) of uncopyrighted simple designs, the question as to whether the vector representation has its own copyright is less clear; see the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Public_domain#Fonts" class="extiw" title="w:Wikipedia:Public domain">English Wikipedia copyright information about fonts</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:PD-textlogo" title="Template talk:PD-textlogo">{{PD-textlogo}} talk page</a> for more information. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>It is often very difficult to determine whether a design is protected by copyright or not, and images of these sorts are frequently nominated for deletion, with various results. See <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold_of_originality" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold of originality">Commons:Threshold of originality</a> and/or “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshold_of_originality" class="extiw" title="en:Threshold of originality">Threshold of originality</a>” (in Wikipedia) for some guidance. </p> </div> <p><span id="FONT"></span> </p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fonts" data-mw-thread-id="h-Fonts-Simple_design"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Fonts-Simple_design"></span>Fonts<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Fonts-Simple_design"></span></h3></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r428405392"><div role="note" class="hatnote" lang="en" dir="ltr">"COM:FONT" redirects here. For <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">the fonts available for SVG rendering</span>, see <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/SVG_fonts" class="extiw" title="meta:Special:MyLanguage/SVG fonts">meta:SVG fonts</a>.</div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r927745239"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcut</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r574572692"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:FONT&redirect=no">COM:FONT</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/es:Imagen_de_mapa_de_bits" class="extiw" title="w:es:Imagen de mapa de bits">raster</a> rendering of a font (or <i>typeface</i>) is not subject to copyright in the U.S., and therefore is in the public domain. It may be copyrighted in other countries (see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typeface#Intellectual_property" class="extiw" title="en:Typeface">intellectual property of typefaces</a> on Wikipedia). You should use <a href="/wiki/Template:PD-font" title="Template:PD-font"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{PD-font}}</span></a> in this case. </p> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Copyright_rules" data-mw-thread-id="h-Copyright_rules"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Copyright_rules"></span>Copyright rules<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Copyright_rules"></span></h2></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Some guidance on applicable copyright rules can be found at </p> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by territory">Commons:Copyright rules by territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter</a> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">(formerly "Commons:Image casebook")</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Currency" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Currency">Commons:Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Stamps" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Stamps">Commons:Stamps</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>See also </p> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Commons:Derivative works</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom of panorama">Commons:Freedom of panorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De_minimis" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De minimis">Commons:De minimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold_of_originality" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold of originality">Commons:Threshold of originality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Character_copyrights" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Character copyrights">Commons:Character copyrights</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><br/> </p> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright tags">Copyright tags</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_FAQ" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Copyright FAQ">Copyright FAQ for English Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Public_domain" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Public domain">Help:Public domain</a></li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Open_Content_-_A_Practical_Guide_to_Using_Creative_Commons_Licences" class="extiw" title="m:Open Content - A Practical Guide to Using Creative Commons Licences">Open Content - A Practical Guide to Using Creative Commons Licences</a> (also available as <a href="/wiki/File:Open_Content_A_Practical_Guide_to_Using_Creative_Commons_Licences_web.pdf" class="mw-redirect" title="File:Open Content A Practical Guide to Using Creative Commons Licences web.pdf">PDF</a>, <span lang="en" dir="ltr"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN" class="extiw" title="en:ISBN"><span lang="en" dir="ltr">ISBN</span></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-940785-57-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-940785-57-2">978-3-940785-57-2</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Stock.xchng_images" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Stock.xchng images">Stock.xchng Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WikiProject_Permission_requests" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WikiProject Permission requests">Commons:WikiProject Permission requests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Choosing_a_license" title="Commons:Choosing a license">Commons:Choosing a license</a></li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2></div> </div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">In cases where a work is simultaneously published in multiple countries, the "country of origin" is the country which grants the shortest term of copyright protection, per the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/treaties/berne/5.html">Berne Convention</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">See <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ets-Hokin_v._Skyy_Spirits_Inc." class="extiw" title="s:Ets-Hokin v. Skyy Spirits Inc.">Ets-Hokin v. Skyy Spirits Inc</a> where it was decided that the <a href="/wiki/File:SkyyVodka750ml.jpg" title="File:SkyyVodka750ml.jpg">SKYY vodka bottle and logo</a> were not copyrightable.</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2></div> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Collections of laws: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=14076&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html">UNESCO collection of copyright laws</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/">WIPO Lex</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cerlalc.org/derechoenlinea/dar/leyes.htm">CERLALC: Copyright laws of Latin America, the Caribbean states, and Spain and Portugal</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cipr.org/legal_reference/index.htm">CIPR: Copyright laws of the CIS nations and the three Baltic states</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecap3.org/asean-countries-ip-legislation.html">ECAP: Copyright laws of ASEAN countries</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euromedaudiovisuel.net/legaltexts.aspx?treeID=7905&lang=en">EuroMed Audiovisual II</a> EU programme; has recent copyright laws of some mediterranean states (from Morocco to Turkey).</li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Copyright treaties: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/wipo_treaties/details.jsp?treaty_id=15">Berne Convention</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/wipo_treaties/details.jsp?treaty_id=16">WIPO Copyright treaty</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europe.eu.int/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexapi!prod!CELEXnumdoc&lg=en&numdoc=31993L0098&model=guichett">EU Council Directive 93/98/EEC on the harmonization of copyright terms in the EU.</a></li></ul> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <p>Other: </p> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ38a.pdf">Circular 38a: International Copyright Relations of the United States</a></i>, from the U.S. Copyright Office. (A bit dated, some countries are missing.)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ38b.pdf">Circular 38b: Highlights of Copyright Amendments Contained in the URAA</a></i>, from the U.S. Copyright Office.</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/United_States_Code/Title_17/Chapter_1/Section_104A" class="extiw" title="s:United States Code/Title 17/Chapter 1/Section 104A">17 USC 104A</a>: Copyright restorations in the U.S. due to the URAA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital-law-online.info/lpdi1.0/treatise-toc.html">Copyright in the USA</a></li></ul> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikimedia_Commons_policies_and_guidelines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Commons_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template:Commons policies and guidelines"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Commons_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template talk:Commons policies and guidelines"><span title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Commons_policies_and_guidelines&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</span></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikimedia_Commons_policies_and_guidelines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wikimedia Commons <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_policies" title="Category:Commons policies">Policies</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Project</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General_disclaimer" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General disclaimer">General disclaimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope">Project scope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Allowable_file_types" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Allowable file types">Allowable file types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Evidence" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Evidence">Evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Neutral_point_of_view" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Precautionary_principle" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Precautionary principle">Precautionary principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Pages,_galleries_and_categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Pages, galleries and categories">Pages, galleries and categories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use_of_gender_neutral_language" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use of gender neutral language">Use of gender neutral language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing">Licensing policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De_minimis" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De minimis">De minimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair_use" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair use">Fair use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-Art_tag" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag">When to use the PD-Art tag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision_deletion" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language policy">Language policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories">Category policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship">De-adminship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid_contribution_disclosure_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid contribution disclosure policy">Paid contribution disclosure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation_administrators/Policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation administrators/Policy">Translation administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures">Signatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username policy">Username policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_guidelines" title="Category:Commons guidelines">Guidelines</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What_Commons_is_not" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What Commons is not">What Commons is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">Non-copyright restrictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan_art" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan art">Fan art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity">Nudity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs of identifiable people">Photographs of identifiable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Derivative works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-scan_tag" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag">When to use the PD-scan tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries">Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image_annotations" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image annotations">Using ImageAnnotator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File naming">File naming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_renaming" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File renaming">File renaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting_existing_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting existing files">Overwriting existing files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered_old_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered old files">Grandfathered old files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated_media" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated media">AI-generated media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume_good_faith" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft_trolling" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft trolling">Copyleft trolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership_of_pages_and_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership of pages and files">Ownership of pages and files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific_galleries,_templates_and_categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific galleries, templates and categories">User-specific galleries, templates and categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback">Rollback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol">Patrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_licensing_help" title="Category:Commons licensing help">Licensing help</a><br/>(<a href="/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Copyright" title="Commons:Village pump/Copyright">Village pump</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing_a_license" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing a license">Choosing a license</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules">Copyright rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Copyright rules by subject matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by territory">Copyright rules by territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright tags">Copyright tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:PD_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:PD files">PD files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Copyright principles</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold_of_originality" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold of originality">Threshold of originality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Derivative works</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:2D_copying" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:2D copying">2D copying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots">Screenshots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom of panorama">Freedom of panorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored_copyrights" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored copyrights">URAA-restored copyrights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Using files</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing_content_outside_Wikimedia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing content outside Wikimedia">Reusing content outside Wikimedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Credit_line" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Credit line">Credit line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reuse_of_PD-Art_photographs" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reuse of PD-Art photographs">Reuse of PD-Art photographs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:How_to_detect_copyright_violations" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:How to detect copyright violations">How to detect<br/>copyright violations</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" 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